"Key","Item Type","Publication Year","Author","Title","Publication Title","ISBN","ISSN","DOI","Url","Abstract Note","Date","Date Added","Date Modified","Access Date","Pages","Num Pages","Issue","Volume","Number Of Volumes","Journal Abbreviation","Short Title","Series","Series Number","Series Text","Series Title","Publisher","Place","Language","Rights","Type","Archive","Archive Location","Library Catalog","Call Number","Extra","Notes","File Attachments","Link Attachments","Manual Tags","Automatic Tags","Editor","Series Editor","Translator","Contributor","Attorney Agent","Book Author","Cast Member","Commenter","Composer","Cosponsor","Counsel","Interviewer","Producer","Recipient","Reviewed Author","Scriptwriter","Words By","Guest","Number","Edition","Running Time","Scale","Medium","Artwork Size","Filing Date","Application Number","Assignee","Issuing Authority","Country","Meeting Name","Conference Name","Court","References","Reporter","Legal Status","Priority Numbers","Programming Language","Version","System","Code","Code Number","Section","Session","Committee","History","Legislative Body" "2273K9V6","journalArticle","2007","Wilson, Bruce","Compliance by WTO Members with Adverse WTO Dispute Settlement Rulings: The Record to Date","Journal of International Economic Law","","","","http://jiel.oxfordjournals.org/content/10/2/397","The generally positive record of Members in complying with adverse rulings by panels, the Appellate Body or both has been an important factor in the success of the WTO dispute settlement system to date. In approximately 90 percent of the adopted reports, one or more violations of WTO obligations have been found by panels and/or the Appellate Body. In virtually all of these cases the WTO Member found to be in violation has indicated its intention to bring itself into compliance and the record indicates that in most cases has already done so. It is noticeable, if not unsurprising, that compliance has been more rapid where the WTO violations can be corrected through administrative action as opposed to legislative action. A closer review of the compliance record of the United States and the European Communities, which together have been the object of approximately half of all adverse WTO rulings, shows that these Members have generally succeeded in bringing themselves into compliance with such rulings, although both Members have experienced some residual compliance difficulties in a small number of cases. As a final Note_null_null, the overall positive record of Members in complying with adverse WTO rulings is reflected in, and confirmed by, the low number of cases where Members have sought and received authorization to impose retaliatory measures.","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2013-01-31","397–403","","2","10","","","Compliance by WTO Members with Adverse WTO Dispute Settlement Rulings","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "228I7DBG","journalArticle","2014","Allen, Treb; Arkolakis, Costas","Trade and the Topography of the Spatial Economy","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","0033-5533, 1531-4650","10.1093/qje/qju016","http://qje.oxfordjournals.org/content/129/3/1085","We develop a general equilibrium framework to determine the spatial distribution of economic activity on any surface with (nearly) any geography. Combining the gravity structure of trade with labor mobility, we provide conditions for the existence, uniqueness, and stability of a spatial economic equilibrium and derive a simple set of equations that govern the relationship between economic activity and the geography of the surface. We then use the framework to estimate the topography of trade costs, productivities and amenities in the United States. We find that geographic location accounts for at least twenty percent of the spatial variation in U.S. income. Finally, we calculate that the construction of the interstate highway system increased welfare by 1.1 to 1.4 percent, which is substantially larger than its cost. JEL Codes: R12, F10, R13, R40.","2014-08-01","2014-09-19 15:45:06","2014-09-19 15:45:06","2014-09-19 15:45:06","1085-1140","","3","129","","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","","","","","","","en","","","","","qje.oxfordjournals.org","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Allen_Arkolakis_2014_(Trade and the Topography of the Spatial Economy).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "22KIXWKJ","journalArticle","2011","Besley, Timothy; Persson, Torsten","The logic of political violence","Quarterly Journal of Economics","","","","http://qje.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2011/08/03/qje.qjr025.abstract","","2011","2015-07-16 08:47:19","2015-07-16 08:48:11","2015-07-16 08:47:19","1411-45","","","126","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "22XC2ZAR","book","1979","Waltz, Kenneth N.","Theory of International Politics","","0201083493","","","","","1979","2012-05-05 12:10:08","2014-09-04 20:27:18","","","251","","","","","","","","","","Addison-Wesley","Reading","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","","","","","","International relations; Research","Research","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "234DH3CC","journalArticle","2015","Beardsley, Kyle; Gleditsch, Kristian Skrede; Lo, Nigel","Roving Bandits? The Geographical Evolution of African Armed Conflicts","International Studies Quarterly","","1468-2478","10.1111/isqu.12196","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/isqu.12196/abstract","The fighting in some civil wars primarily takes place in a few stable locations, while the fighting in others moves substantially. We posit that rebel groups that do not primarily fight for a specific ethnic group, that receive outside military assistance, or that have relatively weak fighting capacity tend to fight in inconsistent locations. We develop new measures of conflict zone movement to test our hypotheses, based on shifts in the conflict polygons derived from the new Georeferenced Event Dataset (GED) developed by the Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP). Our empirical results provide support for the suggested mechanisms. We find that groups which lack strong ethnic ties and sufficient military strength to compete with government forces in conventional warfare fight in more varied locations. These findings improve our understandings of and expectations for variations in the humanitarian footprint of armed conflicts, the interdependencies between rebel groups and local populations, and the dilemmas faced by government counterinsurgency efforts.","2015-03-01","2015-03-16 14:18:15","2015-03-16 14:18:33","2015-03-16 14:18:15","1-14","","","","","Int Stud Q","Roving Bandits?","","","","","","","en","© 2015 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Beardsley et al_2015_(Roving Bandits).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "236GG467","journalArticle","2006","Lang, Andrew T. F.","Reconstructing Embedded Liberalism: John Gerard Ruggie and Constructivist Approaches to the Study of the International Trade Regime","Journal of International Economic Law","","","","http://jiel.oxfordjournals.org/content/9/1/81","In 1982, John Gerard Ruggie published a study of the postwar international trade and monetary regimes in which he introduced the concept of `embedded liberalism'. A large and growing number of international trade scholars are finding Ruggie's concept of embedded liberalism an appealing one, and it now occupies a significant place on our conceptual horizon. In this article, the author returns to Ruggie's original article to excavate lessons which are peculiarly relevant for current trade law scholarship. He argues that Ruggie's account of embedded liberalism usefully serves to destabilize common assumptions about the objectives and normative underpinnings of the trade regime and thereby to expand our conceptions of what a liberal trade regime might plausibly look like. On the other hand, he explains why he does not share the enthusiasm of those who see in embedded liberalism an attractive normative vision to guide WTO reform. In addition, and most importantly, the author draws attention to the constructivist theoretical framework of Ruggie's piece. He suggests that Ruggie's article provides a useful introduction to the central elements of constructivist thinking about international institutions and shows how attention to constructivist insights has the potential to significantly enrich and expand our understanding of the trade regime and of trade law.","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2013-02-04","81–116","","1","9","","","Reconstructing Embedded Liberalism","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "23A9SW5N","journalArticle","2014","Potter, Philip B. K.; Baum, Matthew A.","Looking for Audience Costs in all the Wrong Places: Electoral Institutions, Media Access, and Democratic Constraint","The Journal of Politics","","0022-3816, 1468-2508","10.1017/S0022381613001230","http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0022381613001230","","2014-01","2014-09-04 20:32:11","2014-09-04 20:32:11","2014-09-04 20:32:11","167-181","","01","76","","","Looking for Audience Costs in all the Wrong Places","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Potter_Baum_2014_(Looking for Audience Costs in all the Wrong Places).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "23KI5WC4","journalArticle","2015","Sheng, Yu; Wu, Yanrui; Shi, Xunpeng; Zhang, Dandan","Energy trade efficiency and its determinants: A Malmquist index approach","Energy Economics","","0140-9883","10.1016/j.eneco.2015.05.019","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988315001711","This paper adopts the Malmquist index approach to investigate multi-product energy trade efficiency and its determinants from an empirical perspective. Using trade statistics of coal, oil and gas of 40 countries over the period of 1995 to 2008, we found that the efficiency of bilateral energy trade ranged between 0.26 and 0.35 when imperfect substitution between different energy products is taken into account. This measure is significantly lower than those obtained from traditional gravity models. It suggests that the ability of cross-product substitution affects trade efficiency improvement which results from regional market integration and related trade policy. The results provide useful insights on predicting the pattern of future energy trade and hence have important implications for relevant countries to prioritize product-specific trade policies.","2015-07","2015-06-30 11:08:54","2015-06-30 11:08:54","2015-06-30 11:08:54","306-314","","","50","","Energy Economics","Energy trade efficiency and its determinants","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Sheng et al_2015_(Energy trade efficiency and its determinants).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "23PV865D","journalArticle","2003","Guskiewicz, Kevin M.; McCrea, Michael; Marshall, Stephen W.; Cantu, Robert C.; Randolph, Christopher; Barr, William; Onate, James A.; Kelly, James P.","Cumulative effects associated with recurrent concussion in collegiate football players","The Journal of the American Medical Association","","","","http://jama.ama-assn.org/content/290/19/2549.short","","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2013-04-02","2549–2555","","19","290","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "24KBIN3H","journalArticle","2009","Tsygankov, Andrei; Tarver-Wahlquist, Matthew","Duelling Honors: Power, Identity and the Russia-Georgia Divide","Foreign Policy Analysis","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:32:03","2014-09-04 18:32:03","","307–326","","4","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "24KMRF32","report","2014","Brabandere, De; Eric","The Settlement of Investment Disputes in the Energy Sector","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2516729","That international investment in the energy sector accounts for a vast percentage of global investments, and, as a consequence, that disputes in energy sector constitute one of the largest portfolio of international commercial and investment disputes is beyond doubt. Disputes relating to the energy sector may occur between two States, two private parties and a private party and a State. In the latter scenario, the dispute may also be subdivided into disputes relating to an investment by a foreign company in a State and commercial contract-based. disputes between a foreign company and a State. Because of the focus of this book, disputes between a company in a State of which the company has the nationality, hence purely national disputes and disputes between two private parties will not be discussed here. Similarly, inter-State disputes in the energy sector, which are very often related to territorial and maritime boundaries in which oil and gas fields have been located, will not be discussed here. Although in those cases the underlying dispute may be one between a (potential) investor and a foreign State, the actual dispute is one that involves only the relations between two States, and thus falls out of the scope of this chapter. It should be pointed out however that those inter-State disputes in the energy sector regularly occur, such as the recent dispute between Russia and Ukraine in 2009 in relation to gas transit. This chapter will rather focus on investment disputes between foreign investors and host States.","2014-10-30","2015-06-14 20:58:19","2015-06-14 20:58:19","2015-06-14 20:58:19","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2516729","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "24RWEPPM","magazineArticle","2004","","Ivan at the pipe","The Economist","","0013-0613","","http://www.economist.com/node/3471333","Russia's energy firms are viewed with suspicion as they try to expand in former communist countries","2004-12-09","2014-12-12 17:27:26","2014-12-12 17:27:26","2014-12-12 17:27:26","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","The Economist","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "254KJM5E","document","2014","Buisseret, Peter; Prato, Carlo","Electoral Control and the Human Capital of Politicians","","","","","","","2014","2015-03-18 00:44:48","2015-03-18 00:45:44","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Buisseret_Prato_2014_(Electoral Control and the Human Capital of Politicians).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2586TBBQ","journalArticle","2014","Chambers-Ju, Christopher","Data Collection, Opportunity Costs, and Problem Solving: Lessons from Field Research on Teachers’ Unions in Latin America","PS: Political Science & Politics","","1537-5935","10.1017/S1049096514000304","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1049096514000304","","2014-04","2015-02-23 19:06:38","2015-02-23 19:06:38","2015-02-23 19:06:38","405–409","","02","47","","","Data Collection, Opportunity Costs, and Problem Solving","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Chambers-Ju_2014_(Data Collection, Opportunity Costs, and Problem Solving).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "25IQQ3BC","journalArticle","1995","D'Anieri, Paul","Interdependence and sovereignty in the Ukrainian‐Russian relationship","European Security","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09662839508407242","","1995","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","","603–621","","4","4","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "25TTKU2K","book","2014","Kander, Astrid; Malanima, Paolo; Warde, Paul","Power to the People: Energy in Europe over the Last Five Centuries","","","","","http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=wXtAAQAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Power+to+the+people:+energy+in+Europe+over+the+last+five+centuries&ots=Ev06qiJca6&sig=Vq6-56OQTiqKqOKaCtIvyDC-tsI","","2014","2014-11-29 03:57:40","2014-11-29 03:57:46","2014-11-29 03:57:40","","","","","","","Power to the People","","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton NJ","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "26CR4MAI","journalArticle","2008","Jackson, Peter","Pierre Bourdieu, the cultural turn and the practice of international history","Review of International Studies","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2014-09-04 18:31:31","","155–181","","01","34","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "26PCH99K","journalArticle","2005","Bown, C. P.","Participation in WTO dispute settlement: Complainants, interested parties, and free riders","The World Bank Economic Review","","","","http://wber.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/2/287.short","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2012-11-08","287–310","","2","19","","","Participation in WTO dispute settlement","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "26RPCS7Q","webpage","2014","Jones, Jeffrey","China faces buyer’s remorse in Canada’s oil patch","The Globe and Mail","","","","http://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/industry-news/energy-and-resources/china-faces-oil-patch-buyers-remorse/article20090355/","Recent high-profile troubles have brought the country’s record in Canada’s energy industry into sharp focus","2014-08-17","2014-12-14 04:40:23","2014-12-14 16:16:47","2014-12-14 04:40:23","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "26SFFFTF","journalArticle","2008","Cohen, C.; Werker, E. D.","The Political Economy of ``Natural'' Disasters","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","0022-0027","10.1177/0022002708322157","http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/52/6/795/suppl/DC1","","2008-07-28","2013-03-17 04:50:46","2013-03-17 04:50:46","2013-03-17 04:50:46","795-819","","6","52","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","CrossRef","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "26VFCP6Z","journalArticle","2015","Kristoufek, Ladislav; Lunackova, Petra","Rockets and feathers meet Joseph: Reinvestigating the oil–gasoline asymmetry on the international markets","Energy Economics","","0140-9883","10.1016/j.eneco.2015.01.013","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988315000274","We reinvestigate the “rockets and feathers” effect between retail gasoline and crude oil prices in a new framework of fractional integration, long-term memory and borderline (non)stationarity. The most frequently used error-correction model is examined in detail and we find that the prices return to their equilibrium value much more slowly than would be typical for the error-correction model. Such dynamics is usually referred to as “the Joseph effect”. The standard procedure is shown to be troublesome and we introduce two new tests to investigate possible asymmetry in the price adjustment to equilibrium under these complicated time series characteristics. On the dataset of seven national gasoline prices, we find no statistically significant asymmetry. The proposed methodology is not limited to the gasoline and crude oil case but it can be utilized for any asymmetric adjustment analysis.","2015-05","2015-06-30 11:49:19","2015-06-30 11:49:19","2015-06-30 11:49:19","1-8","","","49","","Energy Economics","Rockets and feathers meet Joseph","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Kristoufek_Lunackova_2015_(Rockets and feathers meet Joseph).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "272N75ZJ","journalArticle","2005","Goddard, Stacie E.; Nexon, Daniel H.","Paradigm Lost? Reassessing Theory of International Politics","European Journal of International Relations","","","","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","","9–61","","1","11","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "279GRDXI","journalArticle","2002","Busch, M. L.; Reinhardt, E.","Testing international trade law: Empirical studies of GATT/WTO dispute settlement","The Political Economy of International Trade Law: Essays in Honor of Robert E. Hudec","","","","","","2002","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","","457–481","","","","","","Testing international trade law","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "27ENDG9T","journalArticle","2012","Heverin, Thomas; Zach, Lisl","Use of microblogging for collective sense-making during violent crises: A study of three campus shootings","Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology","","","","","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","","34–47","","1","63","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "27IUGE9M","journalArticle","2001","Cornish, P.; Edwards, G.","Beyond the EU/NATO dichotomy: the beginnings of a European strategic culture","International Affairs","","","","","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","","587–603","","3","77","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "27MM47EU","journalArticle","2015","Grimmer, Justin","We Are All Social Scientists Now: How Big Data, Machine Learning, and Causal Inference Work Together","PS: Political Science & Politics","","1537-5935","10.1017/S1049096514001784","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1049096514001784","","2015-01","2015-02-23 19:07:08","2015-02-23 19:07:08","2015-02-23 19:07:08","80–83","","01","48","","","We Are All Social Scientists Now","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Grimmer_2015_(We Are All Social Scientists Now).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "27TD85IE","journalArticle","2007","Floyd, Rita","Human Security and the Copenhagen Schools Securitization Approach:","Human Security Journal","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2014-09-04 18:31:59","","","","","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "28UUUAVK","journalArticle","2009","Ikenberry, G. John; Mastanduno, Michael; Wohlforth, William C.","Unipolarity, State Behavior, and Systemic Consequences","World Politics","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","","1–27","","01","61","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "28WQDMUX","journalArticle","2008","Clarke, Kevin A.; Stone, Randall W.","Democracy and the Logic of Political Survival","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/27644528","Although democracy is a key concept in political science, debate continues over definitions and mechanisms. Bueno de Mesquita, Smith, Siverson, & Morrow (2003) make the important claim that most of democracy's effects are in fact due to something conceptually simpler and empirically easier to measure than democracy: the size of the minimum winning coalition that selects the leader. The argument is intuitively appealing and supported by extensive data analysis. Unfortunately, the statistical technique they use induces omitted variable bias into their results. They argue that they need to control for democracy, but their estimation procedure is equivalent to omitting democracy from their analysis. When we reestimate their regressions controlling for democracy, most of their important findings do not survive.","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2012-10-23","387–392","","3","102","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2008 American Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "29PGUVDT","journalArticle","2008","Svolik, Milan","Authoritarian reversals and democratic consolidation","American Political Science Review","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0003055408080143","","2008","2015-12-08 20:32:06","2015-12-08 20:32:06","2015-12-08 20:32:06","153–168","","02","102","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Svolik_2008_(Authoritarian reversals and democratic consolidation).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "29PPZGGM","journalArticle","1991","Murtha, Thomas P.","Surviving Industrial Targeting: State Credibility and Public Policy Contingencies in Multinational Subcontracting","Journal of Law, Economics & Organization","","","","http://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/jleo7&id=125&div=&collection=","","1991","2014-11-04 21:08:12","2014-11-04 21:08:27","","117","","1","7","","J. L. Econ. & Org.","Surviving Industrial Targeting","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "29STBNZW","journalArticle","2008","Keohane, Robert O.; Raustiala, Kal","Toward a post-Kyoto climate change architecture: A political analysis","The Harvard Project on International Climate Agreements Discussion Paper","","","","http://www.researchgate.net/publication/228156087_Toward_a_Post-Kyoto_Climate_Change_Architecture_A_Political_Analysis/file/e0b49526ccb4036d10.pdf","","2008","2015-01-13 19:21:05","2015-01-13 19:21:05","2015-01-13 19:21:05","","","08-01","","","","Toward a post-Kyoto climate change architecture","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Keohane_Raustiala_2008_(Toward a post-Kyoto climate change architecture).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "29VRFT99","journalArticle","2008","Kucik, Jeffrey; Reinhardt, Eric","Does Flexibility Promote Cooperation? An Application to the Global Trade Regime","International Organization","","","10.1017/S0020818308080168","","Do flexibility provisions in international agreements—clauses allowing for legal suspension of concessions without abrogating the treaty—promote cooperation? Recent work emphasizes that provisions for relaxing treaty commitments can ironically make states more likely to form agreements and make deeper concessions when doing so. This argument has particularly been applied to the global trade regime, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and its successor, the World Trade Organization (WTO). Yet the field has not produced much evidence bearing on this claim. Our article applies this claim to the global trade regime and its chief flexibility provision, antidumping. In contrast to prior work, this article explicitly models the endogeneity and selection processes envisioned by the theory. We find that states joining the WTO are more likely to adopt domestic antidumping mechanisms. Likewise, corrected for endogeneity, states able to take advantage of the regime's principal flexibility provision, by having a domestic antidumping mechanism in place, are significantly more likely to (1) join the WTO, (2) agree to more tightly binding tariff commitments, and (3) implement lower applied tariffs as well.","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2015-03-17 15:40:59","","477–505","","03","62","","","Does Flexibility Promote Cooperation?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2B82I56F","journalArticle","1985","Demsetz, Harold; Lehn, Kenneth","The Structure of Corporate Ownership: Causes and Consequences","Journal of Political Economy","","0022-3808","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1833178","","1985-12-01","2014-09-19 16:12:46","2014-09-19 16:12:46","2014-09-19 16:12:46","1155-1177","","6","93","","Journal of Political Economy","The Structure of Corporate Ownership","","","","","","","","Copyright © 1985 The University of Chicago Press","","","","JSTOR","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1985/Demsetz_Lehn_1985_(The Structure of Corporate Ownership).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2BDDSSQE","journalArticle","2005","Bulte, Erwin H.; Damania, Richard; Deacon, Robert T.","Resource intensity, institutions, and development","World development","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305750X05000653","","2005","2015-07-16 09:36:56","2015-07-16 09:36:56","2015-07-16 09:36:56","1029–1044","","7","33","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2005/Bulte et al_2005_(Resource intensity, institutions, and development).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2BGTPA2K","journalArticle","2006","Victor, David G.","Toward effective international cooperation on climate change: Numbers, interests and institutions","Global Environmental Politics","","","","http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/glep.2006.6.3.90","","2006","2015-01-13 19:22:24","2015-01-13 19:22:24","2015-01-13 19:22:24","90–103","","3","6","","","Toward effective international cooperation on climate change","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2006/Victor_2006_(Toward effective international cooperation on climate change).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2BMQWQMM","blogPost","2014","Calvert, Hardy","Ken Silverstein’s The Secret World of Oil","The Stream - Harper's Magazine Blog","","","","http://harpers.org/blog/2014/07/ken-silversteins-the-secret-world-of-oil/","","2014-07-07","2014-12-13 17:55:23","2014-12-13 17:55:23","2014-12-13 17:55:23","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2BU52FKZ","journalArticle","2008","Seawright, Jason; Gerring, John","Case Selection Techniques in Case Study Research A Menu of Qualitative and Quantitative Options","Political Research Quarterly","","1065-9129, 1938-274X","10.1177/1065912907313077","http://prq.sagepub.com/content/61/2/294","How can scholars select cases from a large universe for in-depth case study analysis? Random sampling is not typically a viable approach when the total number of cases to be selected is small. Hence attention to purposive modes of sampling is needed. Yet, while the existing qualitative literature on case selection offers a wide range of suggestions for case selection, most techniques discussed require in-depth familiarity of each case. Seven case selection procedures are considered, each of which facilitates a different strategy for within-case analysis. The case selection procedures considered focus on typical, diverse, extreme, deviant, influential, most similar, and most different cases. For each case selection procedure, quantitative approaches are discussed that meet the goals of the approach, while still requiring information that can reasonably be gathered for a large number of cases.","2008-06-01","2015-07-15 06:00:16","2015-07-15 06:00:16","2015-07-15 06:00:16","294-308","","2","61","","Political Research Quarterly","","","","","","","","en","","","","","prq.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Seawright_Gerring_2008_(Case Selection Techniques in Case Study Research A Menu of Qualitative and).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2BVBATCH","book","1985","Feigenbaum, Harvey B.","The politics of public enterprise: oil and the French state","","0691076774","","","","","1985","2013-10-10 12:29:50","2013-10-10 12:29:50","","","194","","","","","The politics of public enterprise","","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton, N.J","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD9572.6 .F45 1985","","","","","Energy","France; Government policy; Petroleum industry and trade","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2BVBU4PR","journalArticle","2013","Bowen, T. Renee; Kreps, David M.; Skrzypacz, Andrzej","Rules with Discretion and Local Information*","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","","","http://qje.oxfordjournals.org/content/128/3/1273","To ensure that individual actors take certain actions, community enforcement may be required. This can present a rules-versus-discretion dilemma: it can become impossible to employ discretion based on information that is not widely held, because the wider community is unable to verify how the information was used. Instead, actions may need to conform to simple and widely verifiable rules. We study when discretion in the form of exceptions to a simple rule can be implemented, if the information is shared by the action taker and a second party, who is able to verify for the larger group that an exception is warranted. In particular, we compare protocols where the second party excuses the action taker from taking the action ex ante with protocols where the second party instead forgives a rule-breaking actor ex post. JEL Codes: C73, D82.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2013-07-08","1273–1320","","3","128","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2BZZNZ9F","journalArticle","1998","Fordham, Benjamin O.","Economic Interests, Party, and Ideology in Early Cold War Era U.S. Foreign Policy","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2601279","Although it is widely acknowledged that economic interests influence the politics of trade policy, most research on international relations treats security issues differently. Do conflicting economic interests shape political debate over foreign policy even when security issues are highly salient? To answer this question, I test a range of hypotheses about conflicting interests in the economic stakes of U.S. foreign policy during the early Cold War era. I present evidence that economic interests in their home states were closely related to senators' voting patterns on foreign policy issues. These patterns hold across economic and security issues. I also find that political parties play an important mediating role, making senators more or less receptive to various economic interests.","1998","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2012-05-06","359–396","","2","52","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2CBDFTE2","journalArticle","2012","Mueller, J.; Stewart, M. G.","The Terrorism Delusion: America's Overwrought Response to September 11","International Security","","","","http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/ISEC_a_00089","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2013-01-31","81–110","","1","37","","","The Terrorism Delusion","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2CHS6IMG","journalArticle","2013","Ehrlich, Sean D.; Hearn, Eddie","Does Compensating the Losers Increase Support for Trade? An Experimental Test of the Embedded Liberalism Thesis","Foreign Policy Analysis","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/fpa.12001/abstract","The political economy of trade literature argues that compensating those who lose from trade is an important component of maintaining public support for free trade, a linkage known as the compensation hypothesis or embedded liberalism thesis. Previous research has found support for many elements of the causal chain underlying embedded liberalism; however, there has been little research on the most crucial element of the causal chain, namely that compensation policies lead to increased support for trade. This article provides a direct test of the compensation hypothesis using a survey-based experiment conducted in the United States that exposes half of the respondents to knowledge of compensation programs and then asks for their opinion on trade policy. The article explores whether knowledge of compensation increases support for trade as well as who is influenced by this knowledge and, thus, provides a crucial test of the embedded liberalism thesis.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2013-02-01","","","","","","","Does Compensating the Losers Increase Support for Trade?","","","","","","","en","\copyright 2013 International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2CSWXG5E","bookSection","2012","Sheehan, Ivan Sascha","Assessing and Comparing Data Sources for Terrorism Research","Evidence-Based Counterterrorism Policy","978-1-4614-0953-3","","","http://www.springerlink.com/content/j86j97648g850842/abstract/","Until recently, much of the research on terrorism was theoretical, based on small- n studies. The growing availability of large- n terrorism databases has provided great opportunities for terrorism researchers to identify cases and test and develop new hypotheses that are relevant to the field. But how good is the quality of the data in these databases? And how should the researcher go about choosing between competing databases? This chapter describes the need for a framework to evaluate the quality of terrorism data. Drawing on the concept of a “criterial framework” and “best practice” criterial standards developed to bridge qualitative/quantitative and small- n /large- n divides, the chapter also proposes a set of criteria to evaluate terrorism data and uses these criteria to evaluate and compare a series of quantitative terrorism events databases.","2012","2014-09-04 18:32:03","2014-09-04 18:32:03","2012-09-19","13–40","","","3","","","","Springer Series on Evidence-Based Crime Policy","","","","Springer New York","","","","","","","","","","","","","Humanities; Social Sciences and Law","","Lum, Cynthia; Kennedy, Leslie W.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2DGNE59R","journalArticle","2007","Luo, Yadong; Tung, Rosalie L.","International expansion of emerging market enterprises: A springboard perspective","Journal of International Business Studies","","0047-2506","10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400275","http://www.palgrave-journals.com/jibs/journal/v38/n4/abs/8400275a.html","In this article, we present a springboard perspective to describe the internationalization of emerging market multinational corporations (EM MNEs). EM MNEs use international expansion as a springboard to acquire strategic resources and reduce their institutional and market constraints at home. In so doing, they overcome their latecomer disadvantage in the global stage via a series of aggressive, risk-taking measures by aggressively acquiring or buying critical assets from mature MNEs to compensate for their competitive weaknesses. We discuss unique traits that characterize the international expansion of EM MNEs, and the unique motivations that steer them toward internationalization. We further delineate peculiar strategies and activities undertaken by these firms in pursuit of international expansion, as well as internal and external forces that might compel or facilitate their propulsion into the global scene. We finally explain the risks and remedies associated with this international 'springboarding' strategy and highlight major issues meriting further investigation.","2007-04-19","2014-10-03 17:59:32","2014-10-03 17:59:32","2014-10-03 17:59:32","481-498","","4","38","","J Int Bus Stud","International expansion of emerging market enterprises","","","","","","","en","","","","","www.palgrave-journals.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Luo_Tung_2007_(International expansion of emerging market enterprises).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2DKEVFU4","book","2003","Mosley, Layna","Global capital and national governments","","0521815215","","","","","2003","2014-11-05 13:07:00","2014-11-05 13:07:13","","","379","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge, U.K","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HG4523 .M67 2003","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2DKI9UEJ","journalArticle","2012","Imai, Kosuke; Tingley, Dustin","A Statistical Method for Empirical Testing of Competing Theories","American Journal of Political Science","","","DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-5907.2011.00555.x","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2011.00555.x/full","Empirical testing of competing theories lies at the heart of social science research. We demonstrate that a well-known class of statistical models, called finite mixture models, provides an effective way of rival theory testing. In the proposed framework, each observation is assumed to be generated either from a statistical model implied by one of the competing theories or more generally from a weighted combination of multiple statistical models under consideration. Researchers can then estimate the probability that a specific observation is consistent with each rival theory. By modeling this probability with covariates, one can also explore the conditions under which a particular theory applies.We discuss a principled way to identify a list of observations that are statistically significantly consistent with each theory and propose measures of the overall performance of each competing theory. We illustrate the relative advantages of our method over existing methods through empirical and simulation studies.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-11-29 02:54:33","","218–236","","1","56","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2E224KHX","conferencePaper","2004","Weiss, Martin A","World Bank post-conflict aid: Oversight issues for congress","Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2EUX9RVM","journalArticle","2014","Iacus, Stefano M.; King, Gary; Porro, Giuseppe","A Theory of Statistical Inference for Matching Methods in Applied Causal Research","Working Paper","","","","http://gking.harvard.edu/files/multi.pdf","","2014","2015-02-06 02:03:51","2015-02-06 02:04:00","2015-02-06 02:03:51","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Iacus et al_2014_(A Theory of Statistical Inference for Matching Methods in Applied Causal).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2EW5J8XZ","book","2004","Paris, Roland","At war's end: building peace after civil conflict","","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2FM693UC","journalArticle","2010","Lawson, George; Shilliam, Robbie","Sociology and international relations: legacies and prospects","Cambridge Review of International Affairs","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","","69–86","","1","23","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2GUJW3JP","journalArticle","2011","Abel, F.; Celik, I.; Houben, G. J.; Siehndel, P.","Leveraging the semantics of tweets for adaptive faceted search on twitter","The Semantic Web–ISWC 2011","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","","1–17","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2GXG5M36","journalArticle","2006","Weinthal, E.; Jones Luong, P.","Combating the resource curse: An alternative solution to managing mineral wealth","Perspectives on Politics","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S1537592706060051","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2012-08-09","35–53","","01","4","","","Combating the resource curse","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2H294NIM","journalArticle","2010","Blyschak, Paul Michael","Arbitrating Overseas Oil and Gas Disputes; Breaches of Contract Versus Breaches of Treaty","Journal of International Arbitration","","0255-8106","","http://www.kluwerlawonline.com/abstract.php?area=Journals&id=JOIA2010034","Although a contractual agreement typically forms the foundation of an overseas oil and gas project, it is important for energy firms to understand that international investment law has developed specifically to provide foreign investors with rights which extend beyond such instruments. An oil and gas contract may define the basic nature of an energy firm’s participation in an overseas project, but where an international investment treaty is available the firm will enjoy rights additional to the individual terms of the contract. Therefore, where an overseas oil and gas dispute arises, it is crucial for the energy firms involved to clearly understand the full scope of their rights and protections. This includes full appreciation of the different circumstances in which a breach of contract claim can be brought before an international investment tribunal, as well as the different circumstances in which such a claim may be problematic. This also includes full appreciation of the different circumstances in which it may be advisable to abandon breach of contract claims altogether in favor of entirely different causes of action available under an investment treaty. Breach of contract claims can be brought under investment treaties which include either a broad dispute resolution clause (DRC) or an umbrella clause. However, two significant impediments to the availability of these provisions mar their potential utility to oil and gas firms. First, the existence of a forum selection clause in the operative contract can function to prohibit the investor from arbitrating a claim that the contract has been breached if the forum before which the claim is pursued is different from that stipulated. Second, an investment tribunal may refuse jurisdiction to hear a breach of contract claim where a state-owned company or state agency is the counterparty to the contract rather than the state itself.","2010-12-01","2014-11-13 14:53:00","2014-11-13 14:53:15","2014-11-13 14:53:00","579-629","","6","27","","","","","","","","","","EN","","","","","www.kluwerlawonline.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2H9NFADR","book","2007","Morgan, Stephen L.; Winship, Christopher","Counterfactuals and Causal Inference: Methods and Principles for Social Research","","9780521671934","","","","Did mandatory busing programs in the 1970s increase the school achievement of disadvantaged minority youth? Does obtaining a college degree increase an individual's labor market earnings? Did the use of a butterfly ballot in some Florida counties in the 2000 presidential election cost Al Gore votes? Simple cause-and-effect questions such as these are the motivation for much empirical work in the social sciences. In this book, the counterfactual model of causality for observational data analysis is presented, and methods for causal effect estimation are demonstrated using examples from sociology, political science, and economics.","2007-07-30","2014-11-28 02:31:09","2014-11-28 02:31:53","","","328","","","","","Counterfactuals and Causal Inference","","","","","Cambridge University Press","New York","English","","","","","Amazon.com","","","","","http://www.amazon.com/Counterfactuals-Causal-Inference-Principles-Analytical/dp/0521671930","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2H9U3CJH","journalArticle","2011","Shadmehr, Mehdi; Bernhardt, Dan","Collective Action with Uncertain Payoffs: Coordination, Public Signals and Punishment Dilemmas","American Political Science Review","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/production/action/cjoGetFulltext?fulltextid=8432153","","2011","2013-03-15 23:24:36","2014-09-04 20:26:27","2013-03-15 23:24:36","829–851","","04","105","","","Collective Action with Uncertain Payoffs","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2HE9DGCW","report","2005","Chang, R.","Financial crises and political crises","","","","","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","","","","","","","","","","","","","National Bureau of Economic Research","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2HI973RZ","journalArticle","1995","Fearon, James D.","Rationalist Explanations for War","International Organization","","","10.1017/S0020818300033324","","Realist and other scholars commonly hold that rationally led states can and sometimes do fight when no peaceful bargains exist that both would prefer to war. Against this view, I show that under very broad conditions there will exist negotiated settlements that genuinely rational states would mutually prefer to a risky and costly fight. Popular rationalist and realist explanations for war fail either to address or to explain adequately what would prevent leaders from locating a less costly bargain. Essentially just two mechanisms can resolve this puzzle on strictly rationalist terms. The first turns on the fact that states have both private information about capabilities and resolve and the incentive to misrepresent it. The second turns on the fact that in specific strategic contexts states may be unable credibly to commit to uphold a mutually preferable bargain. Historical examples suggest that both mechanisms are empirically plausible.","1995","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-12-31 16:20:23","","379–414","","3","49","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2IJG2BQW","journalArticle","2002","Drazen, A.","Conditionality and ownership in IMF lending: a political economy approach","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=346620","","2002","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2012-10-31","","","","","","","Conditionality and ownership in IMF lending","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2IM4II8Q","journalArticle","2009","Cohen, Benjamin J.","A Grave Case of Myopia","International Interactions","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03050620903329025","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2014-09-04 18:31:41","","436–444","","4","35","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2IND2JVI","journalArticle","2013","Lupu, Yonatan","The Informative Power of Treaty Commitment: Using the Spatial Model to Address Selection Effects","American Journal of Political Science","","00925853","10.1111/ajps.12033","http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/ajps.12033","","2013-05","2014-09-29 02:15:20","2014-11-22 22:20:46","2014-09-29 02:15:20","","","","","","","The Informative Power of Treaty Commitment","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Lupu_2013_(The Informative Power of Treaty Commitment).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2J73DRFI","journalArticle","2004","Sekhon, Jasjeet S.","Quality Meets Quantity: Case Studies, Conditional Probability, and Counterfactuals","Perspectives on Politics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3688440","In contrast to statistical methods, a number of case study methods-collectively referred to as Mill's methods, used by generations of social science researchers-only consider deterministic relationships. They do so to their detriment because heeding the basic lessons of statistical inference can prevent serious inferential errors. Of particular importance is the use of conditional probabilities to compare relevant counterfactuals. A prominent example of work using Mill's methods is Theda Skocpol's States and Social Revolutions. Barbara Geddes's widely assigned critique of Skocpol's claim of a causal relationship between foreign threat and social revolution is valid if this relationship is considered to be deterministic. If, however, we interpret Skocpol's hypothesized causal relationship to be probabilistic, Geddes's data support Skocpol's hypothesis. But Skocpol, unlike Geddes, failed to provide the data necessary to compare conditional probabilities. Also problematic for Skocpol is the fact that when one makes causal inferences, conditional probabilities are of interest only insofar as they provide information about relevant counterfactuals.","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","","281–293","","2","2","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2004 American Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","delete; rename","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2J8UPMW7","journalArticle","2009","Vivoda, Vlado","Resource nationalism, bargaining and international oil companies: challenges and change in the new millennium","New Political Economy","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13563460903287322","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-11-08 12:50:29","2012-10-04","517–534","","4","14","","","Resource nationalism, bargaining and international oil companies","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Vivoda_2009_(Resource nationalism, bargaining and international oil companies).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2JEUWXDT","journalArticle","2013","Cherepanov, Vadim; Feddersen, Timothy; Sandroni, Alvaro","Rationalization","Theoretical Economics","","1933-6837","10.3982/TE970","http://doi.wiley.com/10.3982/TE970","","2013","2015-03-28 17:30:47","2015-03-28 17:31:49","2015-03-28 17:30:47","775-800","","3","8","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Cherepanov et al_2013_(Rationalization).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2JPN2IEH","journalArticle","2009","Hall, G.; Grant, T.","Russia, China, and the Energy-Security Politics of the Caspian Sea Region after the Cold War","Mediterranean Quarterly","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","","113–137","","2","20","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2JQ5B7ZD","journalArticle","2011","Carpenter, R. C.","Vetting the Advocacy Agenda: Network Centrality and the Paradox of Weapons Norms","International Organization","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","","69–102","","01","65","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2KTGPQEA","journalArticle","1994","Appleyard, James","The Transformation of the Global Oil Industry and Its Impact on International Relations","International Journal","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/40202959","","1994","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2012-09-20","635–672","","3","49","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1994 Canadian International Council","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2M73QCJ9","journalArticle","2007","Larsén, Magdalena Frennhoff","Trade Negotiations between the EU and South Africa: A Three-Level Game*","Journal of Common Market Studies","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-5965.2007.00751.x/abstract","This article develops and uses an adapted version of Putnam's two- (extended to three-) level game model to analyse the EU agenda-setting process in the negotiations between the EU and South Africa that led to the Trade, Development and Co-operation Agreement in 1999. The article argues that the model needs to place its domestic focus at the level of the Commission, rather than at the level of the Member States. It demonstrates that the negotiations within the Commission, as well as the location of the Commission negotiating team within DG Development, were central for understanding the EU agenda and the final outcome of the negotiations.","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2013-01-31","857–881","","4","45","","","Trade Negotiations between the EU and South Africa","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2MFDX765","book","2007","Smith, Benjamin B.","Hard times in the lands of plenty: oil politics in Iran and Indonesia","","9780801444395 080144439X 9780801472770 0801472776","","","","","2007","2015-07-16 09:17:24","2015-07-16 09:17:24","","","243","","","","","Hard times in the lands of plenty","","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD9576.I62 S65 2007","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2MMM8NG2","webpage","","Walker, Beth","How Africa is changing Chinese oil companies","ChinaDialogue","","","","https://www.chinadialogue.net/article/show/single/en/7583-How-Africa-is-changing-Chinese-oil-companies","Conflict in Sudan and South Sudan has forced Chinese and Indian oil companies to become more responsible global citizens","","2014-12-12 17:02:45","2014-12-12 17:09:21","2014-12-12 17:02:45","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2NCHVIU8","journalArticle","2007","Reymond, Mathias","European key issues concerning natural gas: Dependence and vulnerability","Energy Policy","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421507000638","","2007","2013-10-10 12:58:25","2013-10-10 12:58:25","2013-10-10 12:58:25","4169–4176","","8","35","","","European key issues concerning natural gas","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2NCJ9KDH","report","2012","Bertrand, Olivier; Hakkala, Katariina Nilsson; Norbäck, Pehr-Johan; Persson, Lars","Should Countries Block Foreign Takeovers of R&D Champions and Promote Greenfield Entry? (Est‐Ce Que Les Pays Devraient Bloquer La Prise De Contrôle Par Des Intérêts Étrangers De Champions Nationaux En R&D Et Encourager L'Investissement Direct De L'Étranger Dans Les Jeunes Pousses?)","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2129045","In R&D intensive industries, governments promote greenfield foreign investments, while being sceptical towards foreign acquisitions of domestic high‐quality fir","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2013-03-15","","","","","","","Should Countries Block Foreign Takeovers of R&D Champions and Promote Greenfield Entry?","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2129045","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2NNCNSRF","journalArticle","2007","Kayam, Saime S.; Hisarciklilar, Mehtap; Yabrukov, Alexandr","What causes the regional disparity of FDI in Russia? a spatial analysis","","","","","http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/39151/","","2007","2014-11-05 13:52:29","2014-11-05 13:52:29","2014-11-05 13:52:29","","","","","","","What causes the regional disparity of FDI in Russia?","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Kayam et al_2007_(What causes the regional disparity of FDI in Russia).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2P952HRS","journalArticle","1997","Levy, J. S.","Prospect theory, rational choice, and international relations","International Studies Quarterly","","","","","","1997","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","","87–112","","1","41","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2PH4798G","journalArticle","2013","Gerschewski, Johannes","The three pillars of stability: legitimation, repression, and co-optation in autocratic regimes","Democratization","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13510347.2013.738860","","2013","2015-12-08 20:33:18","2015-12-08 20:33:18","2015-12-08 20:33:18","13–38","","1","20","","","The three pillars of stability","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Gerschewski_2013_(The three pillars of stability).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2PTNUCGE","journalArticle","2012","Glazer, Jacob; Rubinstein, Ariel","A Model of Persuasion with Boundedly Rational Agents","Journal of Political Economy","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/669160","A new model of persuasion is presented. A listener first announces and commits to a codex (i.e., a set of conditions). The speaker then presents a (not necessarily true) profile that must satisfy the codex in order for the listener to be persuaded. The speaker is boundedly rational in the sense that his ability to come up with a persuasive profile is limited and depends on the true profile and the content and framing of the codex. The circumstances under which the listener can design a codex that will implement his goal are fully characterized.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2013-02-27","1057–1082","","6","120","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2012 The University of Chicago Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2Q3KBJUT","bookSection","2012","Hults, David R.","Hybrid governance: state management of national oil companies","Oil and Governance: State-owned enterprises and the world energy supply","","","","http://books.google.ca/books?hl=en&lr=&id=pBuV5z_hnngC&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&dq=Oil+and+governance:+state-owned+enterprises+and+the+world+energy+supply&ots=I_gTiZv4wM&sig=HGYZv7fPFHPpdXOQOFeMUmYgivE","","2012","2014-11-09 13:11:39","2014-11-09 13:12:17","2013-10-09 21:09:46","62-120","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge, UK","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Hults_2012_(Hybrid governance).pdf","","Energy","","Victor, David G.; Hults, David R.; Thurber, Mark C.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2Q3TSNIB","journalArticle","1999","Alt, James E.; Carlsen, Fredrik; Heum, Per; Johansen, Kaare","Asset specificity and the political behavior of firms: lobbying for subsidies in Norway","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/production/action/cjoGetFulltext?fulltextid=172930","","1999","2013-10-10 12:55:51","2014-09-04 20:13:23","2013-10-10 12:55:51","99–116","","1","53","","","Asset specificity and the political behavior of firms","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Firms","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2QAZMNQR","journalArticle","2010","Baumgartner, J. C. . C.; Morris, J. S. . S.","MyFaceTube Politics: Social Networking Web Sites and Political Engagement of Young Adults","Social Science Computer Review","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","","24–44","","1","28","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2QCDIBU6","journalArticle","2010","Corradi, G.; Gherardi, S.; Verzelloni, L.","Through the practice lens: Where is the bandwagon of practice-based studies heading?","Management Learning","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","","265–283","","3","41","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2QG2FVH2","journalArticle","2015","Carter, David B.","The Compellence Dilemma: International Disputes with Violent Groups","International Studies Quarterly","","1468-2478","10.1111/isqu.12192","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/isqu.12192/abstract","This article introduces the idea of a compellence dilemma. This dilemma arises when the domestic policies of adversaries—such as hosting violent groups—threaten states’ security. Such states often consider coercive instruments to compel their adversary to change those policies. The problem? The prospect of costly punishment makes cooperation more attractive for the adversary. However, if they fail to coerce policy change, harsh punishments can reduce the adversary's capacity to enact policy change and induce harmful domestic instability. These problems are compounded by the fact that both the threatened states’ incentive to use costly punishments and the costs of failed compellence increase with the severity of the security threat. The logic of the compellence dilemma applies whenever a state uses damaging coercive instruments but risks failing to achieve its immediate objectives. I analyze the compellence dilemma with a dynamic game-theoretic model of interaction among a target state, host state, and violent group, and show that it is pervasive in equilibrium. I show that the compellence dilemma causes states to refrain from using harsh punishments even when they would compel the host state to cooperate. Concerns about decreasing future host-state capacity and increasing group power drive this result.","2015-03-01","2015-03-16 14:18:58","2015-03-16 14:21:44","2015-03-16 14:18:58","1-16","","1","59","","Int Stud Q","The Compellence Dilemma","","","","","","","en","© 2015 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Carter_2015_(The Compellence Dilemma).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2RGEASXW","journalArticle","2013","Logan, Jeffrey; Lopez, Anthony; Mai, Trieu; Davidson, Carolyn; Bazilian, Morgan; Arent, Douglas","Natural gas scenarios in the U.S. power sector","Energy Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988313001217","Abstract The United States power sector is being transformed by the recent rise in the availability and use of unconventional natural gas, specifically shale gas. That transformation has already produced some of the most significant changes in the operation of the portfolio of electricity generation since WWII. Further implications are likely. To that end, we present results from numerical modeling of different United States (U.S.) power sector futures. These futures assess questions affecting today's natural gas and electric power markets, including the impacts of: forthcoming EPA rules on power plants, decarbonization options such as a clean energy standard (CES), potential improvements in key generation technologies, expanded use of natural gas outside of the power generation sector, and higher costs for natural gas production—assumed to arise from more robust environmental and safety practices in the field. The simulations were done using the ReEDS model looking out to the year 2050. ReEDS is a capacity expansion model that determines the least-cost combination of generation options that fulfill a variety of user-defined constraints such as projected load, capacity reserve margins, emissions limitations, and operating lifetimes. The baseline scenario shows strong growth in natural gas generation, leading to a roughly 2.5-fold increase in gas demand by 2050. Many other scenarios also see strong growth in gas-fired generation, highlighting questions about portfolio diversity, climate change, and research and development prioritization.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2013-09-03","183–195","","","40","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Energy Policy; Power sector modeling; Unconventional natural gas","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2RIZXGCP","journalArticle","2004","Aggarwal, Aradhna","Macro Economic Determinants of Antidumping: A Comparative Analysis of Developed and Developing Countries","World Development","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305750X04000373","This study examines how macro factors influence the use of antidumping in developed and developing countries. A panel data analysis of 99 countries over 1980–2000 reinforces the view that the primary jurisdiction for the antidumping law is really more political than economic. Furthermore, it suggests that once the WTO is fully enforced, the use of antidumping will spread among developing countries not only due to greater liberalization pressures but also as many countries would like to create an antidumping ability so as to counter its use against them. This may reverse the trade gains that liberalization may ensure to them. This paper thus calls for the granting of the special and differential treatment to developing countries in this provision. Finally, based on its findings, the paper argues that future negotiations should be directed toward revising safeguard rules and replacing antidumping by this new clause.","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2013-01-24","1043–1057","","6","32","","","Macro Economic Determinants of Antidumping","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","antidumping; developed countries; Developing countries; political economy approach; trade protection","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2S4ANGXT","journalArticle","2011","Murthy, D.","Twitter: Microphone for the masses?","Media, Culture & Society","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2014-09-04 18:31:52","","779–789","","5","33","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2S5WMJQ4","journalArticle","2015","Vardaman, James M.; Taylor, Shannon G.; Allen, David G.; Gondo, Maria B.; Amis, John M.","Translating Intentions to Behavior: The Interaction of Network Structure and Behavioral Intentions in Understanding Employee Turnover","Organization Science","","1047-7039","10.1287/orsc.2015.0982","http://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/abs/10.1287/orsc.2015.0982","","2015-05-27","2015-06-30 10:56:38","2015-06-30 10:56:38","2015-06-30 10:56:38","","","","","","Organization Science","Translating Intentions to Behavior","","","","","","","","","","","","pubsonline.informs.org (Atypon)","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Vardaman et al_2015_(Translating Intentions to Behavior).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2S9MUIU9","journalArticle","1997","Brandt, Loren","Reflections on China's Late 19th and Early 20th-century Economy","The China Quarterly","","","","","","1997","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","","282–308","","","150","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2SA56IU4","journalArticle","2013","Bai, Jinhui H.; Lagunoff, Roger","Revealed political power","International Economic Review","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/iere.12029/full","","2013","2015-03-22 13:31:57","2015-03-22 13:31:57","2015-03-22 13:31:57","1085–1115","","4","54","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Bai_Lagunoff_2013_(Revealed political power).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2SAGCZQ3","journalArticle","2011","Ryan, John Barry","Social Networks as a Shortcut to Correct Voting","American Journal of Political Science","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","","752–765","","4","55","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2SGFMFGQ","journalArticle","2015","Abdelal, Rawi","The multinational firm and geopolitics: Europe, Russian energy, and power","Business and Politics","","","","http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/bap.ahead-of-print/bap-2014-0044/bap-2014-0044.xml","AbstractMultinational firms unavoidably exert influence over politics through power that is generated by both structure and process. While both political economy and management scholars address international firms, neither field has an adequate understanding of the reciprocal relationship between multinational firms and geopolitical systems. The links between multinational firms form a distinct type of international system for the private sector – one that is simultaneously enmeshed in geopolitics and international markets even as it is also autonomous from them. The scholarly literature on the power of business in politics has demonstrated how influence derives from instrumental agency as well as structural influence, but it has taken an unnecessarily restrictive view of politics and an overly materialist theory of power. Politics are about much more than government policies. In this paper I propose an analytical framework for understanding the multinational firm as a set of relationships. I then apply one key element of that approach – the relationships among firms as a direct source of geopolitical outcomes – to the natural gas trade of Eurasia in three eras that span nearly 40 years. I conclude that the influence of business on a broader understanding of politics – and not just policies – should be central to the study of international and comparative political economy.","2015-05-20","2015-05-21 12:55:04","2015-05-21 12:55:04","2015-05-21 12:55:04","","","0","0","","","The multinational firm and geopolitics","","","","","","","","","","","","www.degruyter.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Abdelal_2015_(The multinational firm and geopolitics).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2T2QXPAD","journalArticle","2012","Hausman, Jerry A.; Newey, Whitney K.; Woutersen, Tiemen; Chao, John C.; Swanson, Norman R.","Instrumental variable estimation with heteroskedasticity and many instruments","Quantitative Economics","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.3982/QE89/abstract","","2012","2015-02-02 23:00:55","2015-02-02 23:00:55","2015-02-02 23:00:55","211–255","","2","3","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Hausman et al_2012_(Instrumental variable estimation with heteroskedasticity and many instruments).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2THFXIVU","report","2010","Smith, Keith C.","Russia-Europe Energy Relations","","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","","","","","","","","","","","","","CSIS","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","February","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2TJMHKHD","manuscript","2015","Brooks, Sarah M.; Kurtz, Marcus J.","Oil and Development: Technology, Geology, and the 'Curse' of Natural Resources","","","","","","","2015","2015-12-25 01:20:06","2015-12-25 01:21:18","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Brooks_Kurtz_2015_(Oil and Development).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2TK3ZTZE","journalArticle","2009","Caporaso, J.; Tarrow, S.","Polanyi in Brussels: Supranational Institutions and the Transnational Embedding of Markets","International Organization","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","","593–620","","4","63","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2TN9JTXU","journalArticle","2012","Clift, Ben; Woll, Cornelia","Economic patriotism: reinventing control over open markets","Journal of European Public Policy","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13501763.2011.638117","We analyse how tensions between international market integration and spatially limited political mandates have led to the phenomenon of economic patriotism. As discrimination in favour of insiders, economic patriotism goes beyond economic nationalism and can include territorial allegiances at the supranational or the local level. We show how this prism helps to understand the evolution of political intervention in open economies and present the ambition of this collection.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2013-03-15","307–323","","3","19","","","Economic patriotism","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2U8CWXJ9","journalArticle","2013","Lake, David A.","Theory is dead, long live theory: The end of the Great Debates and the rise of eclecticism in International Relations","European Journal of International Relations","","1354-0661, 1460-3713","10.1177/1354066113494330","http://ejt.sagepub.com/content/19/3/567","The history of the discipline of International Relations is commonly told in terms of ‘Great Debates.’ These intellectual clashes resolved little and, indeed, continue to this day. Underneath this narrative is an alternative history of significant progress through mid-level or eclectic theories of world politics. After reviewing the Great Debates, this counter-narrative is developed and then supported by reviews of open economy politics and democratic peace theory. A new line of cleavage is emerging in the field between positivists and post-positivists, however, that overlaps with the second and final Great Debates. Like all others before it, this potentially great debate — if it occurs — will be inconclusive. The field would be better off focusing on important real-world problems and achieving progress within each approach according to its own criteria for success.","2013-09-01","2013-09-06 11:14:26","2013-09-06 11:14:26","2013-09-06 11:14:26","567-587","","3","19","","European Journal of International Relations","Theory is dead, long live theory","","","","","","","en","","","","","ejt.sagepub.com","","","","","","","democratic peace; international relations theory; open economy politics; paradigms","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2UXFCQPF","journalArticle","2013","Pargendler, Mariana; Musacchio, Aldo; Lazzarini, Sergio G.","In strange company: the puzzle of private investment in state-controlled firms","Cornell International Law Journal","","","","http://heinonlinebackup.com/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/cintl46§ion=24","","2013","2015-02-18 00:40:33","2015-02-18 00:40:49","2015-02-18 00:40:33","569","","","46","","","In strange company","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Pargendler et al_2013_(In strange company).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2V5T48WV","journalArticle","1990","Banks, J. S","Equilibrium behavior in crisis bargaining games","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2111390","","1990","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2015-03-17 15:39:03","","599–614","","3","34","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2V6WRTJ7","report","2011","Farhi, Emmanuel; Gopinath, Gita; Itskhoki, Oleg","Fiscal devaluations","","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w17662","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2013-02-20","","","","","","","","","","","","National Bureau of Economic Research","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2V9UVHRS","journalArticle","2009","Goldstein, Andrea","New multinationals from emerging Asia: the case of national oil companies","Asian Development Review: Studies of Asian and Pacific Economic Issues","","","","http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.177.2726&rep=rep1&type=pdf","","2009","2015-11-09 18:32:28","2015-11-09 18:32:28","2015-11-09 18:32:28","26","","2","26","","","New multinationals from emerging Asia","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Goldstein_2009_(New multinationals from emerging Asia).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2VE5S663","journalArticle","2000","Dick Stenmark","Leveraging Tacit Organizational Knowledge","Journal of Management Information Systems","","","","http://mesharpe.metapress.com/content/MYHDY6EVNR3T7TV0","Although tacit knowledge constitutes the major part of what we know, it is difficult for organizations to fully benefit from this valuable asset. This is because tacit knowledge is inherently elusive, and in order to capture, store, and disseminate it, it is argued that it first has to be made explicit. However, such a process is difficult, and often fails due to three reasons: (1) we are not necessarily aware of our tacit knowledge, (2) on a personal level, we do not need to make it explicit in order to use it, and (3) we may not want to give up a valuable competitive advantage. During an empirical study of recommender system usage, it was noticed how such technology could be used to circumvent these problems, and make tacit knowledge, in the form of our professional interests, available to the organization as a whole. Using Polanyi's theories, it will be shown how intranet documents can be used to make tacit knowledge tangible without becoming explicit, suggesting that tacitly expressed entities are not necessarily beyond the reach of information technology.","2000-12-01","2014-09-19 17:24:54","2014-09-19 17:24:54","2014-09-19 17:24:54","9-24","","3","17","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","MetaPress","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2000/Dick Stenmark_2000_(Leveraging Tacit Organizational Knowledge).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2VJ3KZKM","journalArticle","2013","Broockman, David E.","Black Politicians Are More Intrinsically Motivated to Advance Blacks’ Interests: A Field Experiment Manipulating Political Incentives: BLACK POLITICIANS’ INTRINSIC MOTIVATION TO ADVANCE BLACKS’ INTERESTS","American Journal of Political Science","","00925853","10.1111/ajps.12018","http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/ajps.12018","","2013-07","2014-09-29 02:16:26","2014-09-29 02:16:26","2014-09-29 02:16:26","521-536","","3","57","","","Black Politicians Are More Intrinsically Motivated to Advance Blacks’ Interests","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Broockman_2013_(Black Politicians Are More Intrinsically Motivated to Advance Blacks’ Interests).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2VPGQ6MU","journalArticle","2011","Small, Mario Luis","How to Conduct a Mixed Methods Study: Recent Trends in a Rapidly Growing Literature","Annual Review of Sociology","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.soc.012809.102657","The present article selectively reviews the large number of recent studies that have been described as based on mixed methods. I begin by discussing a body of work that has emerged to promote mixed methods research across the social sciences. I then review and critique empirical studies in each of two general approaches to mixed methods: mixed data–collection studies, which combine two or more kinds of data; and mixed data–analysis studies, which combine two or more analytical strategies, examine qualitative data with quantitative methods, or explore quantitative data with qualitative techniques. I argue that, although mixed methods research is by no means new, empirical studies today combine methods in more diverse and, at times, innovative ways. Nevertheless, important methodological tensions will likely surface as the research becomes more self-reflexive.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2012-09-06","57–86","","1","37","","","How to Conduct a Mixed Methods Study","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","formal models; Methodology; multimethod research; qualitative versus quantitative; research design","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2W3MNHUZ","journalArticle","2013","Kennedy, Ryan; Tiede, Lydia","Economic development assumptions and the elusive curse of oil","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/isqu.12065/full","","2013","2015-07-16 09:49:52","2015-07-16 09:49:52","2015-07-16 09:49:52","760–771","","4","57","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Kennedy_Tiede_2013_(Economic development assumptions and the elusive curse of oil).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2W3SJVER","bookSection","2006","Khalaf, Abdulhadi","Rules of Succession and Political Participation in the GCC States","Constitutional Reform and Political Participation in the Gulf","","","","http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/532933/file/625360.pdf#page=239","","2006","2015-12-09 20:01:26","2015-12-09 20:22:02","","33-50","","","","","","The new corporatism in Saudi Arabia","","","","","Gulf Research Center","Dubai, UAE","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","Khalaf, Abdulhadi; Luciani, Giacomo","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2W47BP8G","journalArticle","2014","Brunel, Claire","Pollution Offshoring and Emission Reductions in EU and US Manufacturing","SSRN Working Paper","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2447679","","2014","2015-02-18 14:43:24","2015-02-18 14:43:54","2015-02-18 14:43:24","","","2447679","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Brunel_2014_(Pollution Offshoring and Emission Reductions in EU and US Manufacturing).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2W8PHZ9C","journalArticle","1995","Cadot, Olivier; Faini, Riccardo; de Melo, Jaime","Early trade patterns under the Europe Agreements: France, Germany and Italy","European Economic Review","","0014-2921","10.1016/0014-2921(94)00067-A","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/001429219400067A","In the sphere of trade preferences, The EAs have largely amounted to a ratification of the status quo reached between the EU and the CEECs following prior trade liberalization by both sets of partners. It is widely accepted that this cautious approach reflected fears of large adjustment costs among EU members. The paper examines the CEEC-EU trade pattern over 1990–1993, finding no evidence in support of these fears. Detailed regional-level calculations of likely job displacements for France corroborate the findings from aggregate trade flows.","1995-04","2013-11-15 10:59:32","2013-11-15 10:59:32","2013-11-15 10:59:32","601-610","","3–4","39","","European Economic Review","Early trade patterns under the Europe Agreements","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2WD8AGKP","journalArticle","2012","Keele, Luke; McConnaughy, Corrine; White, Ismail","Strengthening the Experimenters Toolbox: Statistical Estimation of Internal Validity","American Journal of Political Science","","","","","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","","no","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2WVXCV4A","journalArticle","1978","Rubin, Donald B.","Bayesian inference for causal effects: The role of randomization","The Annals of Statistics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2958688","","1978","2014-11-28 12:58:14","2014-11-28 12:58:48","2014-11-28 12:58:14","34–58","","","6","","","Bayesian inference for causal effects","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2X9PDZNA","report","2008","Cameron, Fraser","The Politics of EU-Russia Energy Relations","","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","","20–29","","","","","","","","","","","EU-Russia Centre","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","August","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2XKPR82F","journalArticle","2000","Hansen, L.","Past as Preface: Civilizational Politics and the `Third' Balkan War","Journal of Peace Research","","","","","","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","","345–362","","3","37","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2XM95T9M","journalArticle","1998","Price, Richard","Reversing the Gun Sights: Transnational Civil Society Targets Land Mines","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2601403","The rise in the importance of nonstate actors in generating new norms in world politics has been documented by scholars, but the literature has focused predominantly on nonsecurity (""new"") issue areas. Conversely, although recent constructivist work in international relations has examined the security policies of states, typically it is the state that is doing the constrncting of interests. I bridge these two literatures by examining the hard case of transnational civil society working through issue networks to teach state interests in security policy. I analyze the campaign by transnational civil society to generate an international norm prohibiting antipersonnel land mines and trace the effects of several techniques through which states can be said to be socialized. Through generating issues, networking, ""grafting,"" and using a transnational Socratic method to reverse burdens of proof, the campaign has stimulated systemic normative change through two processes: norm adoption through the conversion of persuaded moral entrepreneurs and emulation resulting from social pressures of identity.","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","","613–644","","3","52","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1998 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2Z54ZQHK","journalArticle","2011","Bhuiyan, S. I.","Social Media and Its Effectiveness in the Political Reform Movement in Egypt","Middle East Media Educator","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2014-09-04 18:31:49","","14–20","","1","1","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2Z9RZFVJ","journalArticle","2015","Diermeier, Daniel; Prato, Carlo; Vlaicu, Razvan","Procedural Choice in Majoritarian Organizations","American Journal of Political Science","","1540-5907","10.1111/ajps.12142","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ajps.12142/abstract","A puzzling feature of self-governing organizations is persistent majority support for restrictive, seemingly nonmajoritarian, procedures (e.g., chairs and committees). This article provides a theory of self-enforcing majoritarian commitment to restrictive procedures. We ask (1) why majorities consent to restrictive procedures in the first place, (2) why restrictive procedures survive challenges thereafter, and (3) with what policy consequences. In the model, a risk-averse majority allocates procedural rights to increase procedural efficiency (i.e., reduce the procedural uncertainty of free-for-all bargaining). An equilibrium procedure is generally asymmetric and restrictive, generating nonmajoritarian policy bias. Still, a majority may persist in endorsing it so as to avoid amplifying procedural and policy uncertainty.","2015-01-01","2015-06-30 15:57:52","2015-06-30 15:57:52","2015-06-30 15:57:52","n/a-n/a","","","","","American Journal of Political Science","","","","","","","","en","© 2014, by the Midwest Political Science Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Diermeier et al_2015_(Procedural Choice in Majoritarian Organizations).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "2ZARW3X9","journalArticle","2009","Sandler, Todd; Siqueira, Kevin","Games and Terrorism Recent Developments","Simulation & Gaming","","","","http://sag.sagepub.com/content/40/2/164","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2012-09-18","164–192","","2","40","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "325373TM","journalArticle","2011","Johnson, Tana","Guilt by association: The link between states’ influence and the legitimacy of intergovernmental organizations","The Review of International Organizations","","1559-7431, 1559-744X","10.1007/s11558-010-9088-z","http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11558-010-9088-z","","2011-03","2014-10-27 16:33:51","2014-10-27 16:33:51","2014-10-27 16:33:51","57-84","","1","6","","","Guilt by association","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Johnson_2011_(Guilt by association).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "327SXSUI","journalArticle","1983","Fudenberg, Drew; Tirole, Jean","Sequential bargaining with incomplete information","The Review of Economic Studies","","","","http://restud.oxfordjournals.org/content/50/2/221.short","","1983","2015-03-16 01:13:32","2015-03-16 01:13:32","2015-03-16 01:13:32","221–247","","2","50","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "32FBPSPW","journalArticle","2009","Shaffer, G.","Power, governance and the WTO: a comparative institutional approach","Power in global governance","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1349368","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2012-11-07","130–160","","","","","","Power, governance and the WTO","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "32I64KMI","journalArticle","2007","Wilkinson, C.","The Copenhagen School on Tour in Kyrgyzstan: Is Securitization Theory Useable Outside Europe?","Security Dialogue","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","","5–25","","1","38","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","rename","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "32X63BSJ","book","1991","Connolly, William E.","Identity\Difference: Democratic Negotiations of Political Paradox","","","","","","","1991","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2012-06-07 16:51:03","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "333P9KZ3","book","2014","Coghlan, Avril","A Little Book of R For Time Series","","","","","http://media.readthedocs.org/pdf/a-little-book-of-r-for-time-series/latest/a-little-book-of-r-for-time-series.pdf","","2014","2014-10-03 13:37:41","2014-10-03 13:37:41","2014-10-03 13:37:41","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge UK","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Coghlan_2014_(A Little Book of R For Time Series).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "33BRQDAS","journalArticle","2009","Walt, Stephen M.","Alliances in a Unipolar World","World Politics","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","","86","","01","61","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "33NNB2B3","journalArticle","2009","Sekhon, Jasjeet S.","Opiates for the Matches: Matching Methods for Causal Inference","Annual Review of Political Science","","","10.1146/annurev.polisci.11.060606.135444","","In recent years, there has been a burst of innovative work on methods for estimating causal effects using observational data. Much of this work has extended and brought a renewed focus on old approaches such as matching, which is the focus of this review. The new developments highlight an old tension in the social sciences: a focus on research design versus a focus on quantitative models. This realization, along with the renewed interest in field experiments, has marked the return of foundational questions as opposed to a fascination with the latest estimator. I use studies of get-out-the-vote interventions to exemplify this development. Without an experiment, natural experiment, a discontinuity, or some other strong design, no amount of econometric or statistical modeling can make the move from correlation to causation persuasive.","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2014-11-28 23:17:17","","487–508","","1","12","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "33PUDI63","manuscript","2010","Gaffney, D.","#iranElection: quantifying online activism","","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2014-09-04 18:31:54","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Paper presented at the Web Science Conference 2010","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "33S9XZ2V","journalArticle","2013","Balcilar, Mehmet; Demirer, Rıza; Hammoudeh, Shawkat","Investor herds and regime-switching: Evidence from Gulf Arab stock markets","Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1042443112000844","","2013","2015-12-02 19:53:15","2015-12-02 19:53:15","2015-12-02 19:53:15","295–321","","","23","","","Investor herds and regime-switching","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Balcilar et al_2013_(Investor herds and regime-switching).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "33XXG968","journalArticle","2012","Fetzer, Thomas","From nationalism to European patriotism? Trade unions and the European works council at General Motors","Journal of European Public Policy","","1350-1763","10.1080/13501763.2011.638124","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13501763.2011.638124","Research on economic patriotism has so far focused on public policy and only marginally addressed the role of non-state actors. This contribution seeks to fill this gap. It examines the emergence of a European economic patriotism discourse among trade union representatives at General Motors since the late 1990s, which underpinned the operation of the company's ‘European works council’, a statutory body of employee representation mandated by a 1994 European Union directive. It argues that the new trade union emphasis on ‘European interests’ vis-à-vis subsidiaries in other world regions, and vis-à-vis GM's global headquarter in Detroit, reflected a (partial) ‘upward shift’ of patriotism from the national to the European level in response to corporate globalization. It also highlights the limited and fragile nature of European patriotism, which was severely challenged during the recent global economic crisis","2012","2013-03-15 21:54:01","2014-09-04 20:22:53","2013-03-15 21:54:01","342-357","","3","19","","","From nationalism to European patriotism?","","","","","","","","","","","","Taylor and Francis+NEJM","","","","","","EU","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "346FMACA","journalArticle","2015","Zhang, Hai-Ying; Ji, Qiang; Fan, Ying","What drives the formation of global oil trade patterns?","Energy Economics","","0140-9883","10.1016/j.eneco.2015.02.017","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988315000845","In this paper, the spatial characteristics of current global oil trade patterns are investigated by proposing a new indicator Moran-F. Meanwhile, the factors that influence the formation of oil trade patterns are identified by constructing four different kinds of spatial econometric models. The findings indicate that most oil exporters have an obvious export focus in North America and a relatively balanced export in Europe and the Asia-Pacific region. Besides supply and demand factors, technological progress and energy efficiency have also significantly influenced the oil trade. Moreover, there is a spillover effect of trade flow among different regions, but its impact is weak. In addition, oil importers in the same region have the potential to cooperate due to their similar import sources. Finally, promotion of oil importers’ R&D investments can effectively reduce the demand for global oil trade.","2015","2015-03-16 14:20:32","2015-03-16 14:20:43","2015-03-16 14:20:32","","","","","","Energy Economics","","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Zhang et al_2015_(What drives the formation of global oil trade patterns).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3475K7DM","journalArticle","2009","Hopkins, Daniel J.","The Diversity Discount: When Increasing Ethnic and Racial Diversity Prevents Tax Increases","The Journal of Politics","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","","160","","01","71","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "34FNWFQZ","journalArticle","2015","Ahmad, Aisha","The Security Bazaar: Business Interests and Islamist Power in Civil War Somalia","International Security","","0162-2889","10.1162/ISEC_a_00187","http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ISEC_a_00187","In civil wars across the world, certain Islamist groups have competed exceptionally well against their rivals. The conventional wisdom points to either religion or ethnic politics to explain Islamist success. These ideological and identity-based explanations, however, tend to overlook the powerful economic influence that the local business class has over civil war outcomes. Civil war can be modeled as a market for security, wherein protection must be purchased from multiple substate rackets. Using this market model, a close investigation of the Somali case reveals why and under what conditions the interests of the profit-driven business class align with those of ideologically motivated Islamist groups. Security costs are of critical importance to businesses in a civil war, and Islamists are uniquely competitive in lowering these costs. The business-Islamist alliance is therefore driven by rational, economic considerations, which can contribute to the rise of Islamist power.","2015-01-01","2015-06-30 11:42:58","2015-06-30 11:42:58","2015-06-30 11:42:58","89-117","","3","39","","International Security","The Security Bazaar","","","","","","","","","","","","MIT Press Journals","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Ahmad_2015_(The Security Bazaar).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "34QKMHHC","journalArticle","2010","Kydd, Andrew H.","Rationalist Approaches to Conflict Prevention and Resolution","Annual Review of Political Science","","","","","An emerging literature on civil and international conflict management is developing and testing insights from formal theories of conflict. Third parties may attempt to prevent or resolve conflict by providing material incentives or by providing or filtering information. Material incentives are the province of states, for the most part, while weaker third parties can provide information. There is considerable debate over whether threats of third-party intervention actually deter conflict, provoke conflict, have no effect, or have nonmonotonic effects on the likelihood of conflict. Providing information via mediation is seen as effective in preventing conflict, but questions remain about precisely how it works and about the appropriate characteristics of the mediator, such as whether mediators should be biased or unbiased.","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2012-09-06","101–121","","1","13","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Bargaining; conflict resolution; intervention; mediation; monitoring","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "34TFA6XI","magazineArticle","2015","Ball, Jeffrey","Why the Saudis Are Going Solar","The Atlantic","","1072-7825","","http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2015/07/saudis-solar-energy/395315/","The fate of one of the biggest fossil-fuel producers may now depend on its investment in renewable energy.","2015-08","2015-06-23 09:43:12","2015-06-23 09:43:12","2015-06-23 09:43:12","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","The Atlantic","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/ZZEI7FVV/395315.html","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "34XSNPQJ","journalArticle","1997","Boix, Carles","Political Parties and the Supply Side of the Economy: The Provision of Physical and Human Capital in Advanced Economies, 1960-90","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2111676","Partisan tenure of government (in contrast to institutionalist and structural approaches) is used to explain the nature of governmental strategies to affect the supply side of the economy–the provision of the input factors, capital and labor. Supply-side economic strategies are a function of the party in office. Left-wing governments spend heavily in physical and human capital formation to raise the productivity of factors and the competitiveness of the economy. Right-wing governments rely instead on private agents to maximize economic growth. The organization of the domestic political economy and the international economy, which place heavy limits on the capacity of parties to affect the conduct of macro-economic policies, hardly constrain the choice of supply-side economic strategies. Regression analysis of data for levels of public spending on gross fixed capital formation and on education in OECD nations from 1960 to 1990. Supply-side policies conform to partisan preferences throughout the period examined. The institutional configuration of the economy affected policies jointly with government partisanship until the oil shock but not afterwards. Economic openness does not constrain the choice of supply-side policies.","1997","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2012-05-18","814–845","","3","41","","","Political Parties and the Supply Side of the Economy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "355TZHJT","journalArticle","2005","Slantchev, B. L","Military coercion in interstate crises","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","","533–547","","04","99","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "35BVK826","journalArticle","1994","Bratton, Michael; Van de Walle, Nicolas","Neopatrimonial regimes and political transitions in Africa","World politics","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/production/action/cjoGetFulltext?fulltextid=7547172","","1994","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2013-05-13","453–489","","4","46","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "35BZBPPS","journalArticle","2008","Quinn, John James","The effects of majority state ownership of significant economic sectors on corruption: a cross-regional comparison","International Interactions","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03050620701883579","","2008","2013-10-09 20:36:32","2013-10-09 20:36:32","2013-10-09 20:36:32","84–128","","1","34","","","The effects of majority state ownership of significant economic sectors on corruption","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "35J4W6U8","journalArticle","1990","Nye, Joseph S.","The Changing Nature of World Power","Political Science Quarterly","","","","","","1990","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","","177","","2","105","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "35SNAUTG","conferencePaper","2002","Bennett, A.; Braumoeller, B.","Where the model frequently meets the road: Combining statistical, formal, and case study methods","Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, Boston","","","","","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "35V2BS9I","journalArticle","2008","Rathbun, Brian","A Rose by Any Other Name: Neoclassical Realism as the Logical and Necessary Extension of Structural Realism","Security Studies","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","","294–321","","2","17","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "365FUIFR","journalArticle","2005","Cederman, Lars‐Erik","Computational Models of Social Forms: Advancing Generative Process Theory","American Journal of Sociology","","0002-9602","10.1086/ajs.2005.110.issue-4","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/426412","Building on Simmel’s theoretical foundations, sociological process theorists continue to challenge mainstream social theory. So far, however, they have rarely relied on formal modeling. The author argues that recent advances in computational modeling offer tools to explore the emergence of social forms in the Simmelian tradition. Thanks to common foundations in both epistemology and ontology, these two fields can benefit from drawing more explicitly on each other. The process‐theoretic tradition in social theory and contemporary agent‐based models shift theorizing from nomothetic to generative explanations of social forms, and from variable‐based to configurative ontologies. In order to formalize sociational theory, the author focuses on how to model dynamic social networks and emergent actor configurations.","2005-01-01","2013-10-23 14:52:08","2013-10-23 14:52:08","2013-10-23 14:52:08","864-893","","4","110","","American Journal of Sociology","Computational Models of Social Forms","","","","","","","","Copyright © 2005 The University of Chicago Press","","","","JSTOR","","ArticleType: research-article / Full publication date: January 2005 / Copyright © 2005 The University of Chicago Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "369IRGGB","book","1988","Mitchell, Timothy","Colonising Egypt","","9780520075689","","","","","1988","2012-12-28 23:09:01","2014-09-04 20:25:16","","","218","","","","","","","","","","University of California Press","Berkeley","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","DT100 .M57 1991","","","","","1798-; Civilization; Egypt; Europe; Relations","1798-; Civilization; Egypt; Europe; Relations","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "36B4DA7F","journalArticle","2003","Fordham, Benjamin O.; McKeown, Timothy J.","Selection and Influence: Interest Groups and Congressional Voting on Trade Policy","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3594836","Studies of the effects of interest groups on congressional roll-call voting typically view party and ideology as competing factors and rely on a factoral model of interests or a sectoral model including only interest groups with a direct stake in the vote. We depart from that strategy in several ways. We define interest groups at the level of Standard Industrial Classification two-digit codes and observe the universe of interests. For 1979-90, we use measures of geographically and non-geographically based economic interests to estimate the representative's party and ideology. We also consider the factor endowments of individuals within a district to examine their impact on floor votes. We then investigate the influence of these interests on members' party affiliation and ideology, as well as a pool of five floor votes on foreign trade, using instrumental variables for party and ideology. Economic interests account for a substantial portion of the variance in all cases, and models that also include other explanatory variables are highly accurate in estimating floor votes.","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2012-05-06","519–549","","3","57","","","Selection and Influence","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "36CJ8PBD","thesis","2008","Baritakis, Stavros","Energy security: the case of europe and russia","","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","","","","","","","","","","","","","Weber University","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "36FP9H4Z","report","2014","Steinmo, Sven","Historical Institutionalism: Theory and Methods Revisited","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2455247","Institutionalists have often taken a rather mechanical view of the way institutions shape choices. This paper argues that we should take the ""Historical"" side of HI more seriously. Specifically, we can and should test our theories about how history and institutional context shape people preferences, beliefs and choices. I further argue that recent advances in experimental methods can aid in the pursuit of an Historical Insitutionalism that ""Brings People Back In.""","2014","2014-09-16 12:09:00","2014-09-16 12:09:00","2014-09-16 12:09:00","","","","","","","Historical Institutionalism","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Steinmo_2014_(Historical Institutionalism).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2455247","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "36ITVWI6","journalArticle","2009","Maliniak, Daniel; Tierney, Michael J.","The American school of IPE","Review of International Political Economy","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09692290802524042","ABSTRACT This paper uses the results of the Teaching, Research, and International Policy (TRIP) project: a multi-year study of the international relations (IR) field in order to discern the major characteristics of international political economy scholarship in the United States today. It finds that, like Benjamin Cohen's depiction of the American school, IPE in the United States is increasingly positivist, quantitative, and liberal in orientation. It employs data from a journal article database that tracks trends in publication patterns. It also analyzes data from two surveys of IR scholars in the United States and Canada that were conducted in the fall of 2006.","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2014-09-04 18:31:48","","6–33","","1","16","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "36K9TUWH","journalArticle","1998","Hathaway, Oona A.","Positive Feedback: The Impact of Trade Liberalization on Industry Demands for Protection","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2601402","Contrary to widely accepted theories of interest-group demand for protection, industries that experience high and rising import competition after a reduction in trade barriers often become less rather than more protectionist in the long term. To unravel this paradox, I propose and test a theory that explains variation in domestic producer groups' demand for protection over time. This model of industry behavior suggests that trade liberalization has a ""positive feedback"" effect on the policy preferences and political strategies of domestic industries, compelling them to adjust to more competitive market conditions and thereby reducing their future demand for protection.","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2012-05-06","575–612","","3","52","","","Positive Feedback","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "36KHS2D9","journalArticle","2010","Schlumberger, Oliver","Opening old bottles in search of new wine: On nondemocratic legitimacy in the Middle East","Middle East Critique","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/19436149.2010.514473","","2010","2015-12-08 20:35:27","2015-12-08 20:35:27","2015-12-08 20:35:27","233–250","","3","19","","","Opening old bottles in search of new wine","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Schlumberger_2010_(Opening old bottles in search of new wine).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "36R6FN86","bookSection","2010","Osmundsen, Petter","Chasing Reserves: Incentives and Ownership","Energy, Natural Resources and Environmental Economics","","","","http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-12067-1_2","","2010","2014-10-03 18:06:02","2014-10-03 18:06:02","2014-10-03 18:06:02","19–38","","","","","","Chasing Reserves","","","","","Springer","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Osmundsen_2010_(Chasing Reserves).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "36S4HI2F","journalArticle","2015","Bell, Andrew; Jones, Kelvyn","Explaining Fixed Effects: Random Effects Modeling of Time-Series Cross-Sectional and Panel Data","Political Science Research and Methods","","2049-8489","10.1017/psrm.2014.7","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S2049847014000077","This article challenges Fixed Effects (FE) modeling as the ‘default’ for time-series-cross-sectional and panel data. Understanding different within and between effects is crucial when choosing modeling strategies. The downside of Random Effects (RE) modeling—correlated lower-level covariates and higher-level residuals—is omitted-variable bias, solvable with Mundlak's (1978a) formulation. Consequently, RE can provide everything that FE promises and more, as confirmed by Monte-Carlo simulations, which additionally show problems with Plümper and Troeger's FE Vector Decomposition method when data are unbalanced. As well as incorporating time-invariant variables, RE models are readily extendable, with random coefficients, cross-level interactions and complex variance functions. We argue not simply for technical solutions to endogeneity, but for the substantive importance of context/heterogeneity, modeled using RE. The implications extend beyond political science to all multilevel datasets. However, omitted variables could still bias estimated higher-level variable effects; as with any model, care is required in interpretation.","2015-01","2015-03-13 13:30:54","2015-03-13 13:30:54","2015-03-13 13:30:54","133–153","","01","3","","","Explaining Fixed Effects","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Bell_Jones_2015_(Explaining Fixed Effects).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "36XDWKDR","journalArticle","1999","Hamilton, Kirk; Clemens, Michael","Genuine savings rates in developing countries","The World Bank Economic Review","","","","http://wber.oxfordjournals.org/content/13/2/333.short","","1999","2014-11-04 23:49:03","2014-11-04 23:49:03","2014-11-04 23:49:03","333–356","","2","13","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1999/Hamilton_Clemens_1999_(Genuine savings rates in developing countries).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "36ZJJVEJ","journalArticle","2009","Weaver, Catherine","IPE's Split Brain","New Political Economy","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13563460903087474","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","","337–346","","3","14","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "37G2JF4X","journalArticle","2008","Hertog, Steffen","Petromin: the slow death of statist oil development in Saudi Arabia","Business history","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802246087","","2008","2015-07-16 09:44:14","2015-07-16 09:44:14","2015-07-16 09:44:14","645–667","","5","50","","","Petromin","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Hertog_2008_(Petromin).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "37TWWZ9D","journalArticle","2002","Powell, Robert","Bargaining Theory and International Conflict","Annual Review of Political Science","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.polisci.5.092601.141138","▪ Abstract International relations theory has long seen the origins, conduct, and termination of war as a bargaining process. Recent formal work on these issues draws very heavily on Rubinstein's (1982) seminal analysis of the bargaining problem and the research that flowed from it. There is now what might be called a standard or canonical model of the origins of war that sees this outcome as a bargaining breakdown. This essay reviews this standard model and current efforts to extend it to the areas of (a) multilateral bargaining, which is at the heart of old issues such as balancing and bandwagoning as well as newer ones such as the role of third-party mediation; (b) the effects of domestic politics on international outcomes; (c) efforts to explicitly model intra-war bargaining; and (d) dynamic commitment problems.","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2012-05-19","1–30","","1","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","causes of war and conflict; inefficiency and breakdown","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "388N8C76","journalArticle","2009","Heston, Alan; Summers, Robert; Aten, Bettina","Penn World Table Version 6.3 Center for International Comparisons of Production","Income and Prices at the University of Pennsylvania","","","","","","2009","2013-05-08 00:26:13","2014-09-04 20:23:51","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "38J8R9Z6","journalArticle","2014","Hainmueller, J.; Hopkins, D. J.; Yamamoto, T.","Causal Inference in Conjoint Analysis: Understanding Multidimensional Choices via Stated Preference Experiments","Political Analysis","","1047-1987, 1476-4989","10.1093/pan/mpt024","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/doi/10.1093/pan/mpt024","","2014-01-01","2014-12-02 15:00:11","2014-12-02 15:00:11","2014-12-02 15:00:11","1-30","","1","22","","","Causal Inference in Conjoint Analysis","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Hainmueller et al_2014_(Causal Inference in Conjoint Analysis).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "38MCURQ7","journalArticle","2009","Flores, Thomas Edward; Nooruddin, Irfan","Financing the peace: Evaluating World Bank post-conflict assistance programs","The Review of International Organizations","","","","http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11558-008-9039-0","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2013-05-13","1–27","","1","4","","","Financing the peace","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "38N3ZZ4A","journalArticle","2000","Wallander, Celeste","International Organization Foundation Institutional Assets and Adaptability : NATO after the Cold War","International Organization","","","","","","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","","705–735","","4","54","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","delete; rename","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "38WR4AFK","journalArticle","2012","Rossiaud, Sylvain","Characteristics of alternative oil governance structures","","","","","http://www.polinares.eu/docs/d4-1/polinares_wp4_chapter13.pdf","","2012","2013-10-09 20:51:29","2013-10-09 20:51:29","2013-10-09 20:51:29","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "39EBPJ9X","journalArticle","2003","Barkin, J. S.","Realist constructivism","International Studies Review","","","","","","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","","325–342","","3","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "39R8TUJR","journalArticle","2009","Lujala, Paivi","Deadly combat over natural resources gems, petroleum, drugs, and the severity of armed civil conflict","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/53/1/50.short","","2009","2015-07-16 09:50:50","2015-07-16 09:50:50","2015-07-16 09:50:50","50–71","","1","53","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Lujala_2009_(Deadly combat over natural resources gems, petroleum, drugs, and the severity).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3A9XZ45H","journalArticle","2002","Engerman, S. L.; Sokoloff, K. L.","Factor endowments, inequality, and paths of development among new world economics","Economia","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w9259","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2012-08-09","41–109","","1","3","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3AJS64CK","journalArticle","2012","Colgan, Jeff D.; Keohane, Robert O.; Van de Graaf, Thijs","Punctuated equilibrium in the energy regime complex","The Review of International Organizations","","","","http://www.springerlink.com/index/G52862PP15572540.pdf","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2013-02-21","117–143","","2","7","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3AQBF2ZQ","journalArticle","1995","Gasiorowski, Mark J.","Economic crisis and political regime change: An event history analysis","American Political Science Review","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0003055400098154","","1995","2015-12-08 20:28:09","2015-12-08 20:28:09","2015-12-08 20:28:09","882–897","","04","89","","","Economic crisis and political regime change","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1995/Gasiorowski_1995_(Economic crisis and political regime change).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3AUHGM3M","journalArticle","2008","Riblett, Phillip","A Legal Regime for State-Owned Companies in the Modern Era","Journal of Transnational Law and Policy","","","","http://heinonlinebackup.com/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/jtrnlwp18§ion=4","","2008","2014-11-13 14:56:06","2014-12-17 21:01:46","2014-11-13 14:56:06","1-45","","1","18","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Riblett_2008_(Legal Regime for State-Owned Companies in the Modern Era, A).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3BC7N8QI","journalArticle","2009","Hellmann, Gunther","Pragmatism and International Relations Beliefs as Rules for Action: Pragmatism as a Theory of Thought and Action","International Studies Review","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","","638–662","","","11","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3BFEAJ2B","journalArticle","2012","McLean, Elena V.; Stone, Randall W.","The Kyoto Protocol: Two-Level Bargaining and European Integration1","International Studies Quarterly","","1468-2478","10.1111/j.1468-2478.2011.00706.x","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2011.00706.x/abstract","McLean, Elena V. and Randall W. Stone. (2012) The Kyoto Protocol: Two-Level Bargaining and European Integration. International Studies Quarterly, doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2478.2011.00706.x © 2012 International Studies Association The politics of ratifying the Kyoto Protocol may suggest a two-level game; yet, our quantitative analysis shows that ratification constraints did not affect bargaining over the Protocol, nor did bargaining outcomes affect ratification. The politics of the Kyoto Protocol are best understood as an example of the ‘Europeanization’ of international politics: European countries subordinate their domestic politics to international cooperation, and the European Union emerges as a key agenda setter. We find that European countries ratified the Protocol in lock step and offered selective incentives—such as EU accession—to most of the participants. Case studies of Russia and Poland confirm our interpretation of the empirical findings.","2012-03-01","2015-04-12 17:24:43","2015-04-12 17:24:43","2015-04-12 17:24:43","99-113","","1","56","","","The Kyoto Protocol","","","","","","","en","© 2012 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/McLean_Stone_2012_(The Kyoto Protocol).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3BNRH32V","book","1990","Rogoff, Kenneth S.","Equilibrium political budget cycles","","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w2428","","1990","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2013-05-13","","","","","","","","","","","","National Bureau of Economic Research Cambridge, Mass., USA","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3BR2SQAR","journalArticle","2006","Schatzki, Theodore","Book Review: Science of Science and Reflexivity","Philosophy of the Social Sciences","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","","496–507","","4","36","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3BWZ8VU7","journalArticle","2010","Guisinger, Alexandra; Singer, David Andrew","Exchange Rate Proclamations and Inflation-Fighting Credibility","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0020818310000056","","2010","2013-02-12 22:16:28","2014-09-04 20:23:26","2013-02-12 22:16:28","313–337","","02","64","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3CEJ68GV","journalArticle","2002","Jensen, Nathan M.","Economic reform, state capture, and international investment in transition economies","Journal of International Development","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jid.937/abstract","","2002","2014-11-04 23:40:16","2014-11-04 23:49:40","2014-11-04 23:40:16","973–977","","7","14","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2002/Jensen_2002_(Economic reform, state capture, and international investment in transition).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3CZAH9UE","book","1999","","Private authority and international affairs","","0791441199","","","http://proxy.library.georgetown.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=e000xna&AN=7301","","1999","2014-11-07 17:24:47","2014-11-07 17:25:02","2014-11-07 17:24:47","","1","","","","","","","","","","State University of New York Press","Albany","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD2755.5 .P752 1999","","","","","","","Cutler, A. Claire; Haufler, Virginia; Porter, Tony","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3D5N6TI5","conferencePaper","2010","Huang, J.; Thornton, K. M.; Efthimiadis, E. N.","Conversational tagging in twitter","Proceedings of the 21st ACM conference on Hypertext and hypermedia","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2014-09-04 18:31:59","","173–178","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3DTDPQBI","journalArticle","1990","Christensen, Thomas J.; Snyder, Jack","Chain Gangs and Passed Bucks: Predicting Alliance Patterns in Multipolarity","International Organization","","","","","","1990","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:40:37","","137–168","","02","44","","","Chain Gangs and Passed Bucks","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3DXGEZ6C","journalArticle","2011","Caughey, Devin; Sekhon, Jasjeet S.","Elections and the regression discontinuity design: Lessons from close us house races, 1942–2008","Political Analysis","","","","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/content/19/4/385.short","","2011","2014-11-21 22:13:21","2014-11-21 22:13:21","2014-11-21 22:13:21","385–408","","4","19","","","Elections and the regression discontinuity design","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Caughey_Sekhon_2011_(Elections and the regression discontinuity design).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3DZWF9UH","journalArticle","2015","Aksoy, Deniz; Carter, David B.; Wright, Joseph","Terrorism and the Fate of Dictators","World Politics","","1086-3338","10.1017/S0043887115000118","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0043887115000118","The authors study the influence of domestic political dissent and violence on incumbent dictators and their regimes. They argue that elite with an interest in preserving the regime hold dictators accountable when there is a significant increase in terrorism. To pinpoint the accountability of dictators to elite who are strongly invested in the current regime, the authors make a novel theoretical distinction between reshuffling coups that change the leader but leave the regime intact and regime-change coups that completely change the set of elites atop the regime. Using a new data set that distinguishes between these two coup types, the authors provide robust evidence that terrorism is a consistent predictor of reshuffling coups, whereas forms of dissent that require broader public participation and support, such as protests and insurgencies, are associated with regime-change coup attempts. This article is the first to show that incumbent dictators are held accountable for terrorist campaigns that occur on their watch.","2015-07","2015-06-26 11:51:49","2015-06-26 11:51:49","2015-06-26 11:51:49","423–468","","03","67","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Aksoy et al_2015_(Terrorism and the Fate of Dictators).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3ED7PBZ9","journalArticle","2010","Dawid, A. Philip","Beware of the DAG!","NIPS Causality: Objectives and Assessment","","","","http://www.jmlr.org/proceedings/papers/v6/dawid10a/dawid10a.pdf","","2010","2015-02-17 00:34:27","2015-02-17 00:34:27","2015-02-17 00:34:27","59–86","","","6","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/GPIT7FUZ/dawid10a.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3EKQT2FI","book","1991","Brass, Paul R.","Ethnicity and nationalism : theory and comparison","","0803996942","","","","","1991","2012-12-28 22:26:02","2014-09-04 20:21:58","","","","","","","","Ethnicity and nationalism","","","","","Sage Publications","Newbury Park, Calif.","","","","","","search.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Ethnic groups – Political activity.; Ethnicity.; Nationalism.","Ethnic groups -- Political activity.; Ethnicity.; Nationalism.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3FCWR6P9","journalArticle","2001","Boone, Jeff P.","Empirical evidence for the superiority of non-US oil and gas investments","Energy Economics","","0140-9883","10.1016/S0140-9883(00)00073-6","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988300000736","This paper provides empirical estimates of the return on US and non-US exploration investment. The estimates are obtained from a polynomial distributed lag model [Econometrica 33 (1965) 178] that relates the present value of current period reserve discoveries to current and lagged US and non-US exploration investment. The empirical evidence presented in the paper indicates that the net present value of $1 invested in non-US exploration is larger in a statistically significant sense than the net present value of $1 invested in U.S exploration. In particular, results indicate that the return on non-US exploration investment is approximately 3.5 times as large as the return earned on US exploration investment. The results reported in this paper provide insights potentially useful to US energy policymakers.","2001-03","2014-10-02 13:07:07","2014-10-02 13:07:07","2014-10-02 13:07:07","211-226","","2","23","","Energy Economics","","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2001/Boone_2001_(Empirical evidence for the superiority of non-US oil and gas investments).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3FF59WFS","bookSection","1996","Weiss, Thomas G.","Collective Spinelessness: U.N. Actions in the Former Yugoslavia","The World and Yugoslavia's Wars","","","","","","1996","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:27:23","","","","","","","","","","","","","Council on Foreign Relations","New York","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Ullman, Richard H.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3FZVSX5H","report","2004","Balmaceda, Margarita","Explaining the Management of Energy Dependency in Ukraine","","","","","http://www.uni-mannheim.de/fkks/english/fkks30.pdf","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-12-31 16:11:26","","","","","","","","","","","","","Universitat Mannheim","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3GCWPXTS","journalArticle","2009","Anderson, James E.","Does trade foster contract enforcement?","Economic theory","","","","http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00199-008-0378-0","","2009","2014-10-31 00:41:39","2014-10-31 00:41:39","2014-10-31 00:41:39","105–130","","1","41","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Anderson_2009_(Does trade foster contract enforcement).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3GPFPHP8","report","2013","Kowalski, Przemyslaw; Büge, Max; Sztajerowska, Monika","State-Owned Enterprises: Trade Effects and Policy Implications","","","","","http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/content/workingpaper/5k4869ckqk7l-en","With a growing integration via trade and investment, state-owned enterprises (SOEs) that have traditionally been oriented towards domestic markets increasingly compete with private firms in the global market place. Three principal questions emerge from the international trade perspective: (1) How important is state ownership in the global economy; (2) What types of advantages granted to SOEs by governments (or disadvantages afflicting them) are inconsistent with the key principles of the non-discriminatory trading system; and (3) What policies and practices support effective competition among all market participants? Using a sample of world‘s largest firms and their foreign subsidiaries, this paper shows that the extent of state presence in various countries and economic sectors is significant. Moreover, many of the countries with the highest SOE shares and economic sectors with strong SOE presence are intensely traded. The potential for economic distortions is hence large, if some of these SOEs benefit from unfair advantages granted to them by governments–an allegation that is often raised in political and business circles. Existing information on such advantages is often either anecdotal or limited to individual cases. As a groundwork for future analysis and building on the existing information and literature, this paper presents a conceptual discussion of how potential SOE advantages can generate cross-border effects. It also describes several cases when actions of SOEs as well as advantages allegedly granted to them by governments have been contested as inconsistent with national or international regulations, albeit with varying degree of success. This may be partially explained by the fact that existing regulatory frameworks that discipline some forms of anti-competitive behaviour of SOEs have been designed with domestic objectives in mind or were conceived at times when the state sector was oriented primarily towards domestic markets. The survey of existing rules at the national, bilateral and multilateral levels presented in this paper is a first step in determining whether there is a need to fill any gaps and in finding the most constructive ways of doing so.","2013-04-24","2014-11-22 21:00:56","2014-11-22 21:02:10","2014-11-22 21:00:56","","","","","","","","","","","","Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development","Paris","en","","OECD Trade Policy Papers","","","OECD","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Kowalski et al_2013_(State-Owned Enterprises).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3H74IN8R","journalArticle","2013","Posen, Barry R.","Pull Back","Foreign Affairs","","","","http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/138466/barry-r-posen/pull-back","The United States' undisciplined, expensive, and bloody grand strategy has done untold harm to U.S. national security. It is time to abandon this hegemonic approach and replace it with one of restraint – giving up on global reform and sticking to protecting narrow national security interests.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2013-01-09","","","January/February 2013","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Grand Strategy; homeland security; United States","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3H9FRDM4","journalArticle","2015","Bearce, David H.; Eldredge, Cody D.; Jolliff, Brandy J.","Do Finite Duration Provisions Reduce International Bargaining Delay?","International Organization","","1531-5088","10.1017/S0020818314000162","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0020818314000162","This research note hypothesizes that international agreements including a finite duration provision or with a shorter expected duration should take less time to negotiate. Using a random sample of agreements across different issue areas, it finds statistical support for this hypothesis. Agreements without a finite duration provision experienced a bargaining phase that was twice as long as agreements including a finite duration provision and otherwise short-term agreements. This result not only offers empirical support for the theoretical proposition that a longer shadow of the future leads to increased bargaining delay—it also has important policy implications. International negotiators can include a finite duration provision when they prefer a shorter bargaining phase to a potentially more durable agreement, and they can avoid this feature when they prefer a more durable agreement, although this decision comes with the cost of additional bargaining delay. By treating finite duration provisions as an independent variable, this result also addresses a critique of the research program on the rational design of international institutions that it moves backward by considering only design features as dependent variables.","2015-12","2015-01-15 20:30:47","2015-01-15 20:30:47","2015-01-15 20:30:47","219–239","","01","69","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Bearce et al_2015_(Do Finite Duration Provisions Reduce International Bargaining Delay).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3HJS3S7Q","journalArticle","1986","Doyle, Michael W.","Liberalism and World Politics","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1960861","Building on a growing literature in international political science, I reexamine the traditional liberal claim that governments founded on a respect for individual liberty exercise ""restraint"" and ""peaceful intentions"" in their foreign policy. I look at three distinct theoretical traditions of liberalism, attributable to three theorists: Schumpeter, a democratic capitalist whose explanation of liberal pacifism we often invoke; Machiavelli, a classical republican whose glory is an imperialism we often practice; and Kant, a liberal republican whose theory of internationalism best accounts for what we are. Despite the contradictions of liberal pacifism and liberal imperialism, I find, with Kant and other democratic republicans, that liberalism does leave a coherent legacy on foreign affairs. Liberal states are different. They are indeed peaceful. They are also prone to make war. Liberal states have created a separated peace as Kant argued they would, and have also discovered liberal reasons for aggression, as he feared they might. I conclude by arguing that the differences among liberal pacifism, liberal imperialism, and Kant's internationalism are not arbitrary. They are rooted in differing conceptions of the citizen and the state.","1986","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2012-05-05","1151–1169","","4","80","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3HXB49V9","journalArticle","2011","Hopkins, Daniel J.","Translating into Votes: The Electoral Impacts of Spanish-Language Ballots","American Journal of Political Science","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-09-04 18:31:47","","814–830","","4","55","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3I2NDWG5","journalArticle","1998","Clark, William Roberts","Agents and Structures: Two Views of Preferences, Two Views of Institutions","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2600780","Two analytically distinct approaches to the study of domestic politics have been referred to as the ""new institutionalism."" The fundamental difference between the two brands of institutionalism can be seen in the way they handle the relationship between ""agents"" and ""structures."" ""Structure-based"" approaches to institutions give ontological primacy to structures and view agents as being constituted by them. ""Agency-centered"" approaches view human agents as ontologically primitive and view institutions as structures that are created by goal-maximizing individuals. The two approaches are compared, with special attention given to the way they treat the preferences that actors hold. I argue that contrary to arguments made by many structure-based theorists, the agency-centered approach is capable of contributing to discussions regarding the sources of actor preferences. A limited-information model of the strategic interaction between workers and capitalists is used to demonstrate ways in which the agency-centered approach can begin to make preferences endogenous.","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","","245–270","","2","42","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1998 The International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3I3M5ENQ","journalArticle","2006","Pastukhov, V. B.","Ukraine Is Not with Russia: Causes and Consequences of Strategic Miscalculations in Russia's Policy Toward Ukraine","Russian Politics and Law","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-09-04 18:31:35","","39–54","","2","44","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3IDM24BJ","journalArticle","1991","Bentley, G. Carter","Response to Yelvington","Comparative Studies in Society and History","","","","","","1991","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","","169–175","","1","33","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3IP9T3G2","journalArticle","2010","Backer, Larry Cata","Sovereign investing in times of crisis: Global regulation of sovereign wealth funds, state-owned enterprises, and the Chinese experience","Transnational Law and Contemporary Problems","","","","http://heinonlinebackup.com/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/tlcp19§ion=5","","2010","2014-11-13 15:00:21","2014-11-13 15:01:14","2014-11-13 15:00:21","1-144","","3","19","","","Sovereign investing in times of crisis","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Backer_2010_(Sovereign investing in times of crisis).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3J3B8SC5","journalArticle","2004","Miguel, Edward; Satyanath, Shanker; Sergenti, Ernest","Economic Shocks and Civil Conflict: An Instrumental Variables Approach","Journal of Political Economy","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/421174","Estimating the impact of economic conditions on the likelihood of civil conflict is difficult because of endogeneity and omitted variable bias. We use rainfall variation as an instrumental variable for economic growth in 41 African countries during 1981–99. Growth is strongly negatively related to civil conflict: a negative growth shock of five percentage points increases the likelihood of conflict by one‐half the following year. We attempt to rule out other channels through which rainfall may affect conflict. Surprisingly, the impact of growth shocks on conflict is not significantly different in richer, more democratic, or more ethnically diverse countries.","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2013-05-08","725–753","","4","112","","","Economic Shocks and Civil Conflict","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2004 The University of Chicago Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3J8VNXEG","journalArticle","2014","Chodorow-Reich, G.","The Employment Effects of Credit Market Disruptions: Firm-level Evidence from the 2008-9 Financial Crisis","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","0033-5533, 1531-4650","10.1093/qje/qjt031","http://qje.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/doi/10.1093/qje/qjt031","","2014-02-01","2014-09-04 20:31:57","2014-09-04 20:31:57","2014-09-04 20:31:57","1-59","","1","129","","","The Employment Effects of Credit Market Disruptions","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Chodorow-Reich_2014_(The Employment Effects of Credit Market Disruptions).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3J9RXSZE","journalArticle","2013","Levitt, Steven D.; List; Syverson, Chad","Toward an Understanding of Learning by Doing: Evidence from an Automobile Assembly Plant","Journal of Political Economy","","0022-3808","10.1086/671137","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/671137","We investigate learning by doing using detailed data from a major auto producer’s assembly plant. We focus on the acquisition, aggregation, transmission, and embodiment of the knowledge stock built through learning. We find that most knowledge was not retained by plant workers despite their importance as a learning conduit. This is consistent with the plant’s systems for productivity measurement and improvement. We further explore how learning at the hundreds of processes along the production line undergirds plantwide productivity. Our results shed light on how productivity gains accrue at the plant level and how firms apply managerial inputs to expand production.","2013-08-01","2013-09-19 10:41:51","2013-09-19 10:41:51","2013-09-19 10:41:51","643-681","","4","121","","Journal of Political Economy","Toward an Understanding of Learning by Doing","","","","","","","","Copyright © 2013 The University of Chicago Press","","","","JSTOR","","ArticleType: research-article / Full publication date: August 2013 / Copyright © 2013 The University of Chicago Press","","","","IPE","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3J9TPBEI","book","2002","Molchanov, Mikhail A.","Political culture and national identity in Russian-Ukrainian relations","","1585441910","","","","","2002","2012-05-08 20:18:09","2014-09-04 20:25:19","","","","","","","","","","","","","Texas A&M University Press","College Station","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Nationalism – Russia (Federation); Nationalism – Ukraine.; Russia (Federation) – Foreign relations\textbarzUkraine.; Ukraine – Foreign relations\textbary1991-; Ukraine – Foreign relations\textbarzRussia (Federation)","Nationalism -- Russia (Federation); Nationalism -- Ukraine.; Russia (Federation) -- Foreign relations|zUkraine.; Ukraine -- Foreign relations|y1991-; Ukraine -- Foreign relations|zRussia (Federation)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3JCZG3ZM","bookSection","1984","Jones, Ronald Winthrop; Kenen, Peter B.; Kemp, MC; Van Long, N","The role of natural resources in trade models","Handbook of international economics","0444866892","","","","","1984","2013-10-10 12:31:07","2013-10-10 12:32:00","","","","","","","","","Handbooks in economics","bk. 3","","","North Holland ; Sole distributors for the U.S.A. and Canada, Elsevier Science Pub. Co","Amsterdam ; New York : New York, N.Y., U.S.A","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HF1411 .H257 1984","","","","","Energy","International economic relations","","","","Jones, Ronald Winthrop; Kenen, Peter B.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3JM6KR9M","book","2011","Raghavarao, Damaraju; Wiley, James B.; Chitturi, Pallavi","Choice-based conjoint analysis: models and designs","","","","","http://jolilar.iblogger.org/y/choice-based-conjoint-analysis-models-and-designs-by-damaraju-raghavarao.pdf","","2011","2014-12-02 17:11:46","2014-12-02 17:12:10","2014-12-02 17:11:46","","","","","","","Choice-based conjoint analysis","","","","","Chapman & Hall/CRC Press","Boca Raton, FL","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3KB824U7","journalArticle","1994","Reisinger, William M.; Miller, Arthur H.; Hesli, Vicki L.; Maher, Kristen Hill","Political Values in Russia, Ukraine and Lithuania: Sources and Implications for Democracy","British Journal of Political Science","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/194168","Employing data from three surveys of mass opinion conducted in Lithuania, Ukraine and European Russia during 1990, 1991 and 1992, we examine three prominent but competing hypotheses about the source of political values in the post-Soviet societies: historically derived political culture, regime indoctrination and the effects of societal modernization. The literature on Soviet political culture argues that Russian mass values are distinguished by authoritarianism and love of order, values which will be largely shared by Ukrainians, especially East Ukrainians, whereas Lithuanian society would not evince this pattern. Our data do not support this hypothesis. We then examine acceptance of Soviet era norms, both political and economic. We do not find support for the argument that regime indoctrination during the Soviet period produced a set of ideologically derived values throughout the former Soviet Union and across a series of generations. The third hypothesis - that industrialization, urbanization, war and changing educational opportunities shaped the formative experiences of succeeding generations in the Soviet societies and, therefore, their citizens' values - receives the most support: in each of the three societies, differences in political values across age groups, places of residence and levels of education are Note_null_nullworthy. The variations in political values we find across demographic groupings help us to understand the level of pro-democratic values in each society. We find that in Russia and Ukraine more support for democracy can be found among urban, better educated respondents than among other groups. In Lithuania, the urban and better educated respondents evince pro-democratic values at about the same level as their counterparts in Russia and Ukraine, but Lithuanian farmers and blue-collar workers support democracy at a level closer to urban, white-collar Lithuanians than to their Russian and Ukrainian counterparts. In all three societies, those citizens most likely to hold values supportive of democracy are those who are less favourable to Soviet-era values and less convinced of the primacy of the need for social and political 'order'. Those who desire strong leadership, however, tend to have more democratic values, not more authoritarian ones.","1994","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2012-05-09","183–223","","2","24","","","Political Values in Russia, Ukraine and Lithuania","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3KM6CSNW","journalArticle","2004","Milner, Helen V.; Judkins, Benjamin","Partisanship, Trade Policy, and Globalization: Is There a Left–Right Divide on Trade Policy?","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0020-8833.2004.00293.x/abstract","Are there noticeable differences among political parties in a country over their trade policy positions? Do left parties advocate different trade policies than right parties? In the advanced industrial countries where labor tends to be scarce, are left parties more protectionist than right ones, which represent capital owners? Political institutions within these democratic countries may affect the role of partisanship. We also investigate whether increasing globalization has led to more or less partisan polarization over trade policy. We examine 25 developed countries from 1945 to 1998 to see how their parties have competed over trade policy. Controlling for various factors, partisanship matters. Right parties consistently take more free trade stances than do left ones. Globalization and other international forces have also shaped both the nature and the extent of the domestic debate over exposure to international trade.","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2012-11-17","95–120","","1","48","","","Partisanship, Trade Policy, and Globalization","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3KMZAIHZ","bookSection","2010","Leander, Anna","Commercial Security Practices","Handbook of New Security Studies","","","","","","2010","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:24:47","","208-16","","","","","","","","","","","Routledge","London","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Burgess, Peter J.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3KTTXTTI","book","1959","Waltz, Kenneth N.","Man, the State, and War: A Theoretical Analysis","","0231125372","","","","","1959","2012-05-05 12:09:45","2014-09-04 20:27:17","","","263","","","","","Man, the State, and War","","","","","Columbia University Press","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JZ1316 .W35 2001","","","","","International relations; Philosophy; State; The; War","Philosophy; State, The","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3KXE3WQZ","bookSection","2014","Hendrix, Cullen S.; Noland, Marcus","Natural Resources and International Affairs","Confronting the curse: the economics and geopolitics of natural resource governance","","","","http://www.piie.com/publications/chapters_preview/6765/04iie6765.pdf","","2014","2015-01-29 00:59:07","2015-01-29 01:26:11","","51-67","","","","","","","","","","","Peterson Institute for International Economics","Washington, DC","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HC85 .N65 2014","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Hendrix_Noland_2014_(Natural Resources and International Affairs).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3M6XHITJ","journalArticle","2013","Matzkin, Rosa L.","Nonparametric Identification in Structural Economic Models","Annual Review of Economics","","","10.1146/annurev-economics-082912-110231","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-economics-082912-110231","Structural economic models allow one to analyze counterfactuals when economic systems change and to evaluate the well-being of economic agents. A key element in such analysis is the ability to identify the primitive functions and distributions of the economic models that are employed to describe the economic phenomena under study. Recent developments have provided ways to achieve identification of these primitive functions and distributions without imposing parametric restrictions. In this article, I consider a small set of stylized models and provide insight into some of the approaches that have been taken to develop nonparametric identification results in those models.","2013","2013-09-16 09:25:01","2013-09-16 09:25:01","2013-09-16 09:25:01","457-486","","1","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","","","Quant","control function; endogeneity; independence; instrumental variables; nonseparable models; simultaneous equations","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3MIKGKBU","journalArticle","2009","Finnemore, Martha","Legitimacy, Hypocrisy, and the Social Structure of Unipolarity: Why Being a Unipole Isn’t All It’s Cracked Up to Be","World Politics","","1086-3338","","http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/world_politics/v061/61.1.finnemore.html","Abstract Abstract: Despite preponderant power, unipoles often do not get their way. Why? Scholars interested in polarity and the systemic structures determined by the distribution of power have largely focused on material power alone, but the structure of world politics is as much social as it is material. In this article the author explores three social mechanisms that limit unipolar power and shape its possible uses. The first involves legitimation. To exercise power effectively, unipoles must legitimate it and in the act of legitimating their power, it must be diffused since legitimation lies in the hands of others. The second involves institutionalization. A common way to legitimate power is to institutionalize it. Institutionalizing power in rational-legal authorities fundamentally transforms it, however. Once in place, institutions, laws, and rules have powers and internal logics of their own that unipoles find difficult to control. The third relates to hypocrisy. The social structures of legitimation and institutionalization do more than simply diffuse power away from the unipole; they create incentives for hypocrisy. Hypocrisy is a double-edged sword for unipoles. On the one hand, unrestrained hypocrisy by unipoles undermines the legitimacy of their power. On the other hand, judicious hypocrisy can provide crucial strategies for melding ideals and interests. Indeed, honoring social ideals or principles in the breach can have long-lasting political effects, as decades of U.S. hypocrisy about democratization and human rights suggest.","2009","2013-01-09 22:18:08","2013-01-09 22:18:08","2013-01-09 22:18:08","58-85","","1","61","","","Legitimacy, Hypocrisy, and the Social Structure of Unipolarity","","","","","","","","","","","","Project MUSE","","
Volume 61, Number 1, January 2009
","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3MKUZHWT","journalArticle","1997","Quinn, Dennis P.; Inclan, Carla","The Origins of Financial Openness: A Study of Current and Capital Account Liberalization","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2111675","We assess the determinants of the national regulation of international finance, or the comparative degree of national financial openness or closure. Partianship interacts with a nation's factor endowments to account in part for different international financial policies by governments of the same partisan hue. We offer a quantitative measure of international financial openness, or current and capital account regulation, for 21 member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development for 1950-88. We use regression analysis employing Panel Corrected Standard Errors to discover the determinants of financial openness. Our main finding is that political partisanship substantially explains openness, but does so in complex ways. Differences in both political institutional arrangements and types of political economy also account for part of the differences in international financial regulation.","1997","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2013-02-05","771–813","","3","41","","","The Origins of Financial Openness","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1997 Midwest Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3MRW6S6X","bookSection","1990","Merari, Ariel","The Readiness to Kill and Die","Origins of terrorism: psychologies, ideologies, theologies, states of mind","0943875897","","","","","1990","2012-10-25 12:36:05","2014-09-04 20:25:11","","","","","","","","","","","","","Woodrow Wilson Center Press ; distributed by the Johns Hopkins University Press","Washington, DC : Baltimore; London","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HV6431 .O74 1998","","","","","Psychological aspects; psychology; Terrorism; Terrorists","Psychological aspects; psychology; Terrorism; Terrorists","Reich, Walter","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3NCMSA9P","journalArticle","2003","Bradford, Scott","Paying the Price: Final Goods Protection in OECD Countries","Review of Economics and Statistics","","","","http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/003465303762687686","This paper presents new measures of final goods trade protection in eight developed countries. The analysis exploits detailed, comprehensive, and careful price comparisons to derive estimates that, it is argued, reliably capture all kinds of barriers. The results show extensive protection. Japan's average tariff equivalent is 57%, those of the European countries range from 48% to 55%, and that of the United States is lowest, at 12%. An applied general-equilibrium analysis of this protection is conducted. The results include the following: Japan's barriers impose large costs on itself; Japanese and U.S. barriers greatly burden poorer countries; the United States would benefit significantly from multilateral, but not unilateral, opening.","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2012-12-18","24–37","","1","85","","","Paying the Price","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3NNT5C4J","report","2007","Leonard, Mark; Popescu, Nicu","A Power Audit of EU-Russia Relations","","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","","","","","","","","","","","","","European Council on Foreign Relations","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3NTWKKAT","journalArticle","1987","Wendt, Alexander E.","The Agent-Structure Problem in International Relations Theory","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2706749","While neorealism and world-system theory both claim to be ""structural"" theories of international relations, they embody very different understandings of system structure and structural explanation. Neorealists conceptualize system structures in individualist terms as constraining the choices of preexisting state agents, whereas world-system theorists conceptualize system structures in structuralist terms as generating state agents themselves. These differences stem from what are, in some respects, fundamentally opposed solutions to the ""agent-structure"" or ""micromacro"" problem. This opposition, however, itself reflects a deeper failure of each theory to recognize the mutually constitutive nature of human agents and system structures–a failure which leads to deep-seated inadequacies in their respective explanations of state action. An alternative solution to the agent-structure problem, adapted from ""structuration theory"" in sociology, can overcome these inadequacies by avoiding both the reduction of system structures to state actors in neorealism and their reification in world-system theory. Structuration theory requires a philosophical basis in scientific realism, arguably the ""new orthodoxy"" in the philosophy of natural science, but as yet largely unrecognized by political scientists. The scientific realist/structuration approach generates an agenda for ""structural-historical"" research into the properties and dispositions of both state actors and the system structures in which they are embedded.","1987","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2012-05-07","335–370","","3","41","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3NWQ6UZV","journalArticle","1993","Honig, Bonnie","The Politics of Agonism: A Critical Response to ""Beyond Good and Evil: Arendt, Nietzsche, and the Aestheticization of Political Action"" by Dana R. Villa","Political Theory","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/191802","","1993","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","","528–533","","3","21","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1993 Sage Publications, Inc.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3PCUPE4W","report","2011","Fard, Ali Taheri","Evaluation of Influential Factors on Market Values of Five Major International Oil Companies, Using the Method of Panel Data with Two‐Way Error Components and its Application in Oil and Gas Industries of Iran","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1922976","Market value is one of the important indices for evaluating a company's financial operation. Profit from, and volume of oil and gas reserves of companies are the most important factors that influence the market value of large international oil companies. In this study, two‐way error component regression with fixed effects is used to estimate influential factors on market value of five major oil companies. Accordingly, the effect of oil and gas reserves volume on the financial value of big oil companies is about 1.73 times more than the effect of companies’ profit. With more profitability from buy‐back contracts of Iran, big oil companies have enough reason to be selective with production contracts in which to participate. To solve this, it is proposed that smaller international contractors be used to help the national oil company develop the country's oil and gas fields but that project management be handled by oil and gas industry managers within the country.","2011-09-01","2015-06-14 21:01:12","2015-06-14 21:01:12","2015-06-14 21:01:12","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 1922976","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3PQBXP62","thesis","2010","O'Neill, Daniel C.","Risky Business: The Political Economy of China's Outward FDI","","","","","","This dissertation analyzes the politics of foreign direct investment (FDI) from China to other developing states. Chinese outward FDI is positively correlated with political risk and increasingly destined for states with high corruption and weak rule of law, factors that have been found to deter inward FDI. To explain successful Chinese investment in such environments, I present a theory of how Chinese bilateral policies, particularly foreign aid, shape incentives for the leadership in the receiving country that constrain predatory behavior against Chinese firms by the foreign government. This creates a de facto insurance for Chinese investors in foreign states lacking the democratic institutions shown to protect investments. Findings based on fieldwork in China, Cambodia and Kazakhstan support the hypotheses of the theory for Chinese state owned enterprises, but not for private Chinese firms. This study contributes to a relatively small body of research addressing rising investment among developing states and is unique in analyzing how political institutions in both the sending and receiving state affect investment flows.","2010","2015-02-18 15:18:19","2015-02-18 15:19:20","","","","","","","","","","","","","Washington University","St. Louis MO","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/JJR3ZVRK/out.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3Q8ZHMWQ","journalArticle","2008","Mitchell, Timothy","Rethinking Economy","Geoforum","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","","1116–1121","","3","39","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3QJWFTTE","journalArticle","2005","Mattern, J. B.","Why `Soft Power' Isn't So Soft: Representational Force and the Sociolinguistic Construction of Attraction in World Politics","Millennium - Journal of International Studies","","","","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","","583–612","","3","33","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3QVAQGSG","journalArticle","2006","Jacobsson, Staffan; Lauber, Volkmar","The politics and policy of energy system transformation—explaining the German diffusion of renewable energy technology","Energy policy","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421504002393","","2006","2013-10-10 12:57:37","2013-10-10 12:57:37","2013-10-10 12:57:37","256–276","","3","34","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3QVRAF5R","journalArticle","1986","Ikenberry, G. John","The irony of state strength: comparative responses to the oil shocks in the 1970s","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/production/action/cjoGetFulltext?fulltextid=3216088","","1986","2013-10-10 12:43:16","2013-10-10 12:43:16","2013-10-10 12:43:16","105–137","","1","40","","","The irony of state strength","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3RADQKRC","journalArticle","2014","Stewart, Brandon","Latent Factor Regressions for the Social Sciences","","","","","http://scholar.harvard.edu/files/bstewart/files/tensorreg.pdf","","2014","2014-10-06 15:06:23","2014-10-06 15:06:23","2014-10-06 15:06:23","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Stewart_2014_(Latent Factor Regressions for the Social Sciences).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3RZ4JTD9","bookSection","2005","Solomon, Robert","Subjectivity","Oxford Companion to Philosophy","","","","","","2005","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:26:45","","","","","","","","","","","","","Oxford University Press","Oxford","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Honderich, Theodore","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3RZ6NIIA","journalArticle","2012","Hammack, Phillip L.; Pilecki, Andrew","Narrative as a Root Metaphor for Political Psychology","Political Psychology","","","","","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2014-09-04 18:31:52","","no","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3S4EWECH","journalArticle","2014","Goldstein, Judith; Gulotty, Robert","America and Trade Liberalization: The Limits of Institutional Reform","International Organization","","1531-5088","10.1017/S0020818313000490","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0020818313000490","Among scholars, delegation of power to the US president in 1934 is widely believed to have been a necessary requisite for tariff reductions in ensuing years. According to conventional wisdom, delegation to the president sheltered Congress from constituent pressure thereby facilitating the opening of the US economy and the emergence of the United States as a world power. This article suggests a revision to our understanding of just how that occurred. Through a close study of the US tariff schedule between 1928 and 1964, focusing on highly protected products, we examine which products were subject to liberalization and at what time. After 1934, delegation led to a change in trade policy, not because Congress gave up their constitutional prerogative in this domain but because presidents were able to target the potential economic dislocation that derives from import competition to avoid the creation of a congressional majority willing to halt the trade agreements program.","2014-03","2015-03-25 18:29:24","2015-03-25 18:29:24","2015-03-25 18:29:24","263–295","","02","68","","","America and Trade Liberalization","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Goldstein_Gulotty_2014_(America and Trade Liberalization).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3S6QDT3X","book","2000","Balmaceda, Margarita","On the edge : Ukrainian-Central European-Russian security triangle","","9639116807","","","","","2000","2012-05-08 20:15:07","2014-09-04 20:27:39","","","","","","","","On the edge","","","","","Central European University Press","New York","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Eastern – Foreign relations.; Europe; Russia (Federation) – Foreign relations.; Ukraine – Foreign relations.","Europe, Eastern -- Foreign relations.; Russia (Federation) -- Foreign relations.; Ukraine -- Foreign relations.","","","","Balmaceda, Margarita","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3SGCE943","journalArticle","2010","Hegghammer, Thomas","The Rise of Muslim Foreign Fighters: Islam and the Globalization of Jihad","International Security","","","","http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ISEC_a_00023","Why has transnational war volunteering increased so dramatically in the Muslim world since 1980? Standard explanations, which emphasize U.S.-Saudi support for the 1980s Afghan mujahideen, the growth of Islamism, or the spread of Wahhabism are insufficient. The increase in transnational war volunteering is better explained as the product of a pan-Islamic identity movement that grew strong in the 1970s Arab world from elite competition among exiled Islamists in international Islamic organizations and Muslim regimes. Seeking political relevance and increased budgets, Hijaz-based international activists propagated an alarmist discourse about external threats to the Muslim nation and established a global network of Islamic charities. This “soft” pan-Islamic discourse and network enabled Arabs invested in the 1980s Afghanistan war to recruit fighters in the name of inter-Muslim solidarity. The Arab-Afghan mobilization in turn produced a foreign fighter movement that still exists today, as a phenomenon partly distinct from al-Qaida. The analysis relies on a new data set on foreign fighter mobilizations, rare sources in Arabic, and interviews with former activists.","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","","53–94","","3","35","","","The Rise of Muslim Foreign Fighters","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3SKVPVVN","report","2014","Strezhnev, Anton","Firm Heterogeneity and High-Skill Immigration Policy","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2453240","This project attempts to explain why high-skill immigration quotas in the United States are so low given evidence of high levels of public support for high-skilled immigration. It argues that variations in firm size and productivity, combined with fixed costs to hiring immigrant workers, mean that only a subset of firms in an industry will hire immigrant workers and only those with high productivity will benefit from an increase in quota numbers. This limits the number of firms who will actively lobby for more open immigration policy. I apply the monopolistic competition model of Melitz (2003) to the case of labor migration and show that firms in an industry do not uniformly benefit from higher immigration caps in the presence of additional fixed hiring costs resulting from firms' need to find and sponsor immigrant workers. The model suggests that low immigration quotas and employer-sponsored immigration are mutually reinforcing.","2014","2014-09-16 12:16:30","2014-09-16 12:16:30","2014-09-16 12:16:30","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Strezhnev_2014_(Firm Heterogeneity and High-Skill Immigration Policy).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2453240","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3TBUP32B","journalArticle","2009","Huntington, Hillard G.","Natural gas across country borders: an introduction and overview","The Energy Journal","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/41323192","","2009","2015-02-02 02:08:50","2015-02-02 02:08:50","2015-02-02 02:08:50","1–8","","","","","","Natural gas across country borders","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Huntington_2009_(Natural gas across country borders).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3UCZMBXF","journalArticle","2005","Aguiar, Mark; Gopinath, Gita","Fire-sale foreign direct investment and liquidity crises","Review of Economics and Statistics","","","","http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/0034653054638319","","2005","2014-11-04 22:38:14","2014-11-04 22:38:14","2014-11-04 22:38:14","439–452","","3","87","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2005/Aguiar_Gopinath_2005_(Fire-sale foreign direct investment and liquidity crises).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3UH8PDMU","journalArticle","2013","Dunne, Tim; Hansen, Lene; Wight, Colin","The end of International Relations theory?","European Journal of International Relations","","1354-0661, 1460-3713","10.1177/1354066113495485","http://ejt.sagepub.com/content/19/3/405","With a view to providing contextual background for the Special Issue, this opening article analyses several dimensions of ‘The end of International Relations theory?’ It opens with a consideration of the status of different types of theory. Thereafter, we look at the proliferation of theories that has taken place since the emergence of the third/fourth debate. The coexistence and competition between an ever-greater number of theories begs the question: what kind of theoretical pluralism should IR scholars embrace? We offer a particular account of theoretical engagement that is preferable to the alternatives currently being practised: integrative pluralism. The article ends on a cautiously optimistic note: given the disciplinary competition that now exists in relation to explaining and understanding global social forces, International Relations may find resilience because it has become theory-led, theory-literate and theory-concerned.","2013-09-01","2013-09-06 11:01:05","2013-09-06 11:01:05","2013-09-06 11:01:05","405-425","","3","19","","European Journal of International Relations","","","","","","","","en","","","","","ejt.sagepub.com","","","","","","","great debates; international relations theory; meta theory; paradigms; pluralism","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3USHR4FS","journalArticle","2011","Sechser, Todd S.","Militarized Compellent Threats, 1918–2001","Conflict Management and Peace Science","","","","http://cmp.sagepub.com/content/28/4/377.short","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2013-05-13","377–401","","4","28","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3USKX3BA","journalArticle","1996","Stokes, Susan C","Economic Reform and Public Opinion in Peru, 1990-1995","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/29/5/544","Even if they are confident that prosperity lies just over the horizon, politicians who embark on promarket reforms know they are in for some stormy weather. How will they fare in voters' eyes once the pain is felt? Will voters inevitably turn against politicians who impose painful measures without an electoral mandate to do so? The story of economic reform and public opinion in Peru under Alberto Fujimori (1990-1995) poses just these questions. The author uses Month_nullly public opinion polls and Month_nullly economic data to analyze the impact of economic changes during Fujimori's reform program on opinions of the reforms and the president. The author finds that Limeños withdrew support from the program and the president when employment fell and inflation rose, responses consistent with the findings of the economic voting literature. But when real wages fell, they became optimistic about the future and more likely to support reforms and the government.","1996","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2012-05-18","544–565","","5","29","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3UTX7GTM","book","2000","Szporluk, Roman.","Russia, Ukraine, and the breakup of the Soviet Union","","0817995420","","","","","2000","2012-05-09 15:13:39","2014-09-04 20:26:55","","","","","","","","","","","","","Hoover Institution Press","Stanford, Calif.","","","","","","search8.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Nationalism – Russia (Federation); Nationalism – Ukraine.; Russia (Federation) – History\textbary1991-; Russia (Federation) – Relations\textbarzUkraine.; Soviet Union – History\textbary1953-1985.; Soviet Union – History\textbary1985-1991.; Ukraine – History\textbary1944-1991.; Ukraine – History\textbary1991-; Ukraine – Relations\textbarzRussia (Federation)","Nationalism -- Russia (Federation); Nationalism -- Ukraine.; Russia (Federation) -- History|y1991-; Russia (Federation) -- Relations|zUkraine.; Soviet Union -- History|y1953-1985.; Soviet Union -- History|y1985-1991.; Ukraine -- History|y1944-1991.; Ukraine -- History|y1991-; Ukraine -- Relations|zRussia (Federation)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3V69HKKZ","journalArticle","1998","Beck, Nathaniel; Jackman, Simon","Beyond Linearity by Default: Generalized Additive Models","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2991772","Social scientists almost always use statistical models positing the dependent variable as a global, linear function of X, despite suspicions that the social and political world is not so simple, or that our theories are so strong. Generalized additive models (GAMs) let researchers fit each independent variable with arbitrary nonparametric functions, but subject to the constraint that the nonparametric effects combine additively. In this way GAMs strike a sensible balance between the flexibility of nonparametric techniques and the ease of interpretation and familiarity of linear regression. GAMs thus offer social scientists a practical methodology for improving on the extant practice of global linearity by default. We reanalyze published work from several subfields of political science, highlighting the strengths (and limitations) of GAMs. We estimate non-linear marginal effects in a regression analysis of incumbent reelection, nonparametric duration dependence in an analysis of cabinet duration, and within-dyad interaction effects in a reconsideration of the democratic peace hypothesis. We conclude with a more general consideration of the circumstances in which GAMs are likely to be of use to political scientists, as well as some apparent limitations of the technique.","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","","596–627","","2","42","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1998 Midwest Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3V6JZ5VS","book","2005","Gourevitch, Peter Alexis; Shinn, James","Political power and corporate control: The new global politics of corporate governance","","","","","http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=M61V49Rv8ngC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=Political+Power+and+Corporate+Control:+The+New+Global+Politics+of+Corporate+Governance&ots=ZbAKXkDYva&sig=JQEpFeQeYy_Q3bctOJkxUcAja5s","","2005","2014-12-11 17:05:22","2014-12-11 17:05:44","2014-12-11 17:05:22","","","","","","","Political power and corporate control","","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton NJ","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3VHVAMVM","journalArticle","2007","Krebs, R. R.; Jackson, P. T.","Twisting Tongues and Twisting Arms: The Power of Political Rhetoric","European Journal of International Relations","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-09-04 18:31:35","","35–66","","1","13","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3VT4EXWR","journalArticle","1997","Camerer, Colin F.","Progress in behavioral game theory","The Journal of Economic Perspectives","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2138470","","1997","2015-03-21 16:42:27","2015-03-21 16:42:27","2015-03-21 16:42:27","167–188","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1997/Camerer_1997_(Progress in behavioral game theory).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3W247746","journalArticle","2011","Wagle, Swarnim","Investing across borders with heterogeneous firms: do FDI-specific regulations matter?","World Bank Policy Research Working Paper Series","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1972130","","2011","2013-10-17 13:50:36","2014-10-30 23:10:46","2013-10-17 13:50:36","","","","","","","Investing across borders with heterogeneous firms","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3W4R3AI9","journalArticle","2015","Kono, Daniel Yuichi; Montinola, Gabriella R.","Foreign Aid, Time Horizons, and Trade Policy","Comparative Political Studies","","0010-4140, 1552-3829","10.1177/0010414014556048","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/48/6/788","Although there are theoretical reasons to expect foreign aid to promote trade liberalization, empirical research has found no relationship. Without disputing this general nonresult, we argue that foreign aid can incentivize liberalization under certain conditions. In the absence of aid, the incentive to liberalize trade depends on government time horizons: Far-sighted governments have incentives to do so, whereas short-sighted governments do not. It follows that foreign aid should not encourage far-sighted governments to liberalize, as they do so in any case. Foreign aid can, however, induce short-sighted governments to liberalize by ameliorating short-term adjustment costs. We thus hypothesize that aid is more likely to promote trade liberalization when given to governments with short time horizons. We support this hypothesis with an analysis of aid, time horizons, and two measures of trade policy. Our results contribute to the growing debate about the conditions under which foreign aid encourages growth-enhancing policies.","2015-05-01","2015-06-30 11:04:25","2015-06-30 11:04:25","2015-06-30 11:04:25","788-819","","6","48","","Comparative Political Studies","","","","","","","","en","","","","","cps.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Kono_Montinola_2015_(Foreign Aid, Time Horizons, and Trade Policy).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3WE59TRI","journalArticle","1984","Van Evera, Stephen","The Cult of the Offensive and the Origins of the First World War","International Security","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2538636","","1984","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2013-01-09","58–107","","1","9","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1984 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3XAU5UD2","bookSection","2010","Mohamedou, Mohammad-Mahmoud Ould","Al Qaeda: From the Near to the Far Enemy and Back (1988-2008)","Violent non-state actors in world politics","9780231701204","","","","","2010","2012-10-26 04:04:41","2014-09-04 20:25:18","","","","","","","","","","","","","Columbia University Press","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JC328.6 .V585 2010","","","","","Non-state actors (International relations); Political violence; Terrorism","Non-state actors (International relations); Political violence; Terrorism","Mulaj, Kledja","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3XBQCHIQ","journalArticle","2002","Oakes, P.","Psychological groups and political psychology: A response to Huddys critical examination of social identity theory","Political Psychology","","","","","","2002","2014-09-04 18:32:03","2014-09-04 18:32:03","","809–824","","4","23","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3XJ69JHW","journalArticle","2005","Mishal, S.; Rosenthal, M.","Al Qaeda as a dune organization: Toward a typology of Islamic terrorist organizations","Studies in Conflict & Terrorism","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10576100590950165","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2012-10-26","275–293","","4","28","","","Al Qaeda as a dune organization","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "3ZZA5SCU","journalArticle","1996","Cornish, P.","European security: the end of architecture and the new NATO","International Affairs (Royal Institute of International Affairs 1944-)","","","","","","1996","2014-09-04 18:32:03","2014-09-04 18:32:03","","751–769","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "429F9R29","journalArticle","2011","Brunnschweiler, Christa; Valente, Simone","International partnerships, foreign control and income levels: theory and evidence","Foreign Control and Income Levels: Theory and Evidence (October 31, 2011)","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1951797","","2011","2013-10-09 20:48:35","2013-10-09 20:48:35","2013-10-09 20:48:35","","","","","","","International partnerships, foreign control and income levels","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "436QN9PM","book","1990","Osborne, Martin J.; Rubinstein, Ariel","Bargaining and markets","","","","","ftp://167.205.30.228/papers/Incentives/1-5-BK.PDF","","1990","2015-03-07 16:07:18","2015-03-07 16:08:40","2015-03-07 16:07:18","","","","","","","","","","","","Academic Press","San Diego","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1990/Osborne_Rubinstein_1990_(Bargaining and markets).PDF","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "43C3EWS5","report","2000","Mullainathan, Sendhil; Thaler, Richard H.","Behavioral Economics","","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w7948","Behavioral Economics is the combination of psychology and economics that investigates what happens in markets in which some of the agents display human limitations and complications. We begin with a preliminary question about relevance. Does some combination of market forces, learning and evolution render these human qualities irrelevant? No. Because of limits of arbitrage less than perfect agents survive and influence market outcomes. We then discuss three important ways in which humans deviate from the standard economic model. Bounded rationality reflects the limited cognitive abilities that constrain human problem solving. Bounded willpower captures the fact that people sometimes make choices that are not in their long-run interest. Bounded self-interest incorporates the comforting fact that humans are often willing to sacrifice their own interests to help others. We then illustrate how these concepts can be applied in two settings: finance and savings. Financial markets have greater arbitrage opportunities than other markets, so behavioral factors might be thought to be less important here, but we show that even here the limits of arbitrage create anomalies that the psychology of decision making helps explain. Since saving for retirement requires both complex calculations and willpower, behavioral factors are essential elements of any complete descriptive theory.","2000-10","2015-04-18 00:35:17","2015-04-18 00:35:17","2015-04-18 00:35:17","","","","","","","","","","","","National Bureau of Economic Research","","","","Working Paper","","","National Bureau of Economic Research","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2000/Mullainathan_Thaler_2000_(Behavioral Economics).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","7948","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "43SJ6H3G","journalArticle","2005","Rueda, D.","Insider–outsider politics in industrialized democracies: the challenge to social democratic parties","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-09-04 18:31:47","","61–74","","1","99","","","Insider–outsider politics in industrialized democracies","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "43WETVDQ","journalArticle","2012","Sim, Li-Chen","Re-branding Abu Dhabi: From oil giant to energy titan","Place Branding and Public Diplomacy","","1751-8040","10.1057/pb.2011.31","http://www.palgrave-journals.com/pb/journal/v8/n1/abs/pb201131a.html","This article presents a case study of Abu Dhabi's ‘energy re-branding’ since 2005 when it declared its intention to transform itself from an oil exporter to a total energy giant that also embraces alternative (renewable and nuclear) energy. The first part of the article identifies the benefits of this policy for Abu Dhabi's external diplomacy but argues that the real driver is the emirate's domestic gas shortage and its effects on economic diversification and political legitimacy. The second part of the article discusses the motivations and interactions of local and foreign agents by focusing on the implementation of alternative energy platforms. It therefore provides a rare glimpse of the policy-making process in Abu Dhabi. The final part of the article examines the extent to which energy re-branding may be linked to a process by the government to reiterate, reinterpret and repudiate Emirati identity in order to enhance regime legitimacy in the twenty-first century.","2012-02","2015-12-02 19:47:58","2015-12-02 19:47:58","2015-12-02 19:47:58","83-98","","1","8","","Place Brand Public Dipl","Re-branding Abu Dhabi","","","","","","","en","","","","","www.palgrave-journals.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "442J29WF","journalArticle","2012","Finke, Daniel","Proposal stage coalition-building in the European Parliament","European Union Politics","","","","http://eup.sagepub.com/content/13/4/487","Almost all existing studies of conflict and coalitions inside the European Parliament (EP) rely on the statistical analysis of voting behaviour. Yet who proposes the alternatives put to vote? Which political groups jointly co-author legislative amendments? Which strategic considerations (if any) determine legislative coalition-building inside the EP? To answer these questions, this article analyses information on the proposer identity for all legislative amendments drafted in the sixth legislative period. My findings suggest that, when building coalitions, political groups consider the degree of inter-institutional conflict. However, despite the highly proportional rules of procedure, the rapporteur emerges as the most powerful player in proposal stage coalition-building. Other groups may successfully challenge the rapporteur only if they aim at pulling the draft report closer to the floor median. Those who are interested in pulling the outcome away from the median have little choice but to include the rapporteur as a member of their coalition. In this case, rapporteurs must strike a fine balance between convincing their fellow Members of the European Parliament of the strategic exigency of deviating from the median and maintaining their credibility when bargaining with the members of the Council. If rapporteurs are too close to the Council, they forfeit their trustworthiness among their potential coalition partners.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2013-07-08","487–512","","4","13","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","Coalition-building; European Parliament; legislative politics","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "44GSVNHZ","journalArticle","2004","Clinton, Joshua; Jackman, Simon; Rivers, Douglas","The Statistical Analysis of Roll Call Data","American Political Science Review","","1537-5943","10.1017/S0003055404001194","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0003055404001194","We develop a Bayesian procedure for estimation and inference for spatial models of roll call voting. This approach is extremely flexible, applicable to any legislative setting, irrespective of size, the extremism of the legislators' voting histories, or the number of roll calls available for analysis. The model is easily extended to let other sources of information inform the analysis of roll call data, such as the number and nature of the underlying dimensions, the presence of party whipping, the determinants of legislator preferences, and the evolution of the legislative agenda; this is especially helpful since generally it is inappropriate to use estimates of extant methods (usually generated under assumptions of sincere voting) to test models embodying alternate assumptions (e.g., log-rolling, party discipline). A Bayesian approach also provides a coherent framework for estimation and inference with roll call data that eludes extant methods; moreover, via Bayesian simulation methods, it is straightforward to generate uncertainty assessments or hypothesis tests concerning any auxiliary quantity of interest or to formally compare models. In a series of examples we show how our method is easily extended to accommodate theoretically interesting models of legislative behavior. Our goal is to provide a statistical framework for combining the measurement of legislative preferences with tests of models of legislative behavior.","2004-05","2015-12-11 19:59:26","2015-12-11 19:59:26","2015-12-11 19:59:26","355–370","","02","null","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "44IMTJFK","journalArticle","1988","Rogoff, Kenneth; Sibert, Anne","Elections and macroeconomic policy cycles","The Review of Economic Studies","","","","http://restud.oxfordjournals.org/content/55/1/1.short","","1988","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2013-05-13","1–16","","1","55","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "44KIQ286","report","2014","Pargendler, Mariana","Governing State Capitalism: The Case of Brazil","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2493402","Brazil is a main exemplar of contemporary pursuit of state capitalism by a Western economy. Major state-owned enterprises (SOEs) have survived the prior wave of privatizations, but they are by no means the only avenue for state influence over corporate governance in Brazil. As scholars have recently highlighted, the state increasingly acts as a minority, rather than majority, investor in Brazil as elsewhere. The particular variety of state capitalism prevailing in Brazil today reflects a combination of governmental control of traditional SOEs with the conspicuous exercise of shareholder activism by state-controlled institutional investors (SCIIs).This chapter provides a picture of the various instruments for state influence in Brazilian corporate governance, and examines the role of law in enabling and constraining this evolving variety of state capitalism. Despite their economic significance, the role of legal institutions in the governance of state capitalism has only recently begun to receive scholarly attention. With a few notable exceptions, case studies have focused primarily on transition and Asian economies. The influential OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises are, as their name suggests, prescriptive rather than descriptive in nature.Our analytical framework posits that state capitalism entails a significant degree of governmental discretion in guiding economic activity. Consequently, the governance of state capitalism calls for a particularly intricate balance. On the one hand, the very choice for government ownership is premised on the benefits of discretionary state action; otherwise, arm’s-length regulation and subsidies could arguably achieve similar results in curing market failures or promoting developmental objectives. On the other hand, excessive state discretion raises the specter of abuse and cronyism, and, if taken to an extreme, may not only undermine performance but also pose a threat to the rule of law itself.The analysis that follows examines how the legal conformation of state capitalism in Brazil strikes this balance.","2014-12-01","2015-02-27 23:25:05","2015-02-27 23:25:05","2015-02-27 23:25:05","","","","","","","Governing State Capitalism","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Pargendler_2014_(Governing State Capitalism).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2493402","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "45533I44","journalArticle","2015","Elheddad, Mohamed","Foreign Direct Investment and Natural Resources in Gulf Cooperation Council countries (1980-2013)","","","","","http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mohamed_Elheddad/publication/274639050_Foreign_Direct_Investment_and_Natural_Resources_in_Gulf_Cooperation_Council_1980-2013/links/55247aa10cf22e181e73a027.pdf","","2015","2015-07-16 08:59:40","2015-12-09 01:14:12","2015-07-16 08:59:40","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files/Elheddad_(Foreign Direct Investment and Natural Resources in Gulf Cooperation Council).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "45D274BM","journalArticle","2001","Bukkvoll, Tor","Off the Cuff Politics: Explaining Russia's Lack of a Ukraine Strategy","Europe-Asia Studies","","","","","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","","1141–1157","","8","53","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "45RHGBXV","journalArticle","2005","Khatoon, Syeeda","Liberalization and Democratization in United Arab Emirates","Available at SSRN 753205","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=753205","","2005","2015-12-02 19:50:52","2015-12-02 19:50:52","2015-12-02 19:50:52","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2005/Khatoon_2005_(Liberalization and Democratization in United Arab Emirates).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "45W4T483","journalArticle","1991","Frieden, Jeffry A.","Invested Interests: The Politics of National Economic Policies in a World of Global Finance","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2706944","Capital moves more rapidly across national borders now than it has in at least fifty years and perhaps in history. This article examines the effects of capital mobility on different groups in national societies and on the politics of economic policymaking. It begins by emphasizing that while financial markets are highly integrated within the developed world, many investments are still quite specific with respect to firm, sector, or location. It then argues that contemporary levels of international capital mobility have a differential impact on socioeconomic groups. Over the long run, increased capital mobility tends to favor owners of capital over other groups. In the shorter run, owners and workers in specific sectors in capital-exporting countries bear much of the burden of adjusting to increased capital mobility. These patterns can be expected to lead to political divisions about whether or not to encourage or increase international capital market integration. The article then demonstrates that capital mobility also affects the politics of other economic policies. Most centrally, it shifts debate toward the exchange rate as an intermediate or ultimate policy instrument. In this context, it tends to pit groups that favor exchange rate stability against groups that are more concerned about national monetary policy autonomy and therefore less concerned about exchange rate stability. Similarly, it tends to drive a wedge between groups that favor an appreciated exchange rate and groups that favor a depreciated one. These divisions have important implications for such economic policies as European monetary and currency union, the dollar-yen exchange rate, and international macroeconomic policy coordination.","1991","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2013-02-12","425–451","","4","45","","","Invested Interests","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1991 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "46EKMZG9","journalArticle","2004","Gerring, John","What is a case study and what is it good for?","American Political Science Review","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0003055404001182","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2013-03-04","341–354","","02","98","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "46H2UD72","book","1985","Aristotle","The Politics","","","","","","","1985","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:13:25","","","","","","","","","","","","","The University of Chicago Press","Chicago","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Lord, Carnes","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "46IF4ZP9","journalArticle","2010","Raleigh, Clionadh; Linke, Andrew; Hegre, H\a avard; Karlsen, Joakim","Introducing ACLED: An Armed Conflict Location and Event Dataset Special Data Feature","Journal of Peace Research","","","","http://jpr.sagepub.com/content/47/5/651","This article presents ACLED, an Armed Conflict Location and Event Dataset. ACLED codes the actions of rebels, governments, and militias within unstable states, specifying the exact location and date of battle events, transfers of military control, headquarter establishment, civilian violence, and rioting. In the current version, the dataset covers 50 unstable countries from 1997 through 2010. ACLED's disaggregation of civil war and transnational violent events allow for research on local level factors and the dynamics of civil and communal conflict. Findings from subnational conflict research challenges conclusions from larger national-level studies. In a brief descriptive analysis, the authors find that, on average, conflict covers 15% of a state's territory, but almost half of a state can be directly affected by internal wars.","2010","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2013-05-08","651–660","","5","47","","","Introducing ACLED","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","armed conflict; event data; geographical disaggregation; War","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "46J7VWT9","journalArticle","2013","Alcacer, Juan; Ingram, Paul","Spanning the Institutional Abyss: The Intergovernmental Network and the Governance of Foreign Direct Investment1","American Journal of Sociology","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/668692","","2013","2015-02-18 00:44:45","2015-02-18 00:44:45","2015-02-18 00:44:45","1055–1098","","4","118","","","Spanning the Institutional Abyss","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Alcacer_Ingram_2013_(Spanning the Institutional Abyss).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "46P8ZRM5","journalArticle","2010","Besley, Timothy; Persson, Torsten","State capacity, conflict, and development","Econometrica","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.3982/ECTA8073/abstract","","2010","2015-07-16 08:47:30","2015-07-16 08:47:30","2015-07-16 08:47:30","1–34","","1","78","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Besley_Persson_2010_(State capacity, conflict, and development).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "46RC5ITQ","journalArticle","2014","Skovgaard Poulsen, Lauge N.","Bounded Rationality and the Diffusion of Modern Investment Treaties","International Studies Quarterly","","1468-2478","10.1111/isqu.12051","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/isqu.12051/abstract","Given the considerable sovereignty costs involved, the adoption of modern investment treaties by practically all developing countries presents somewhat of a puzzle. Based on a review of leading explanations of investment treaty diffusion, the article advances a new theory using behavioral economics insights on cognitive heuristics. In line with recent work on policy diffusion, it suggests that a bounded rationality framework has considerable potential to explain why, and how, developing countries have adopted modern investment treaties. To illustrate the potential of this approach, the case of South Africa is studied in depth.","2014-03-01","2015-03-18 21:21:05","2015-03-18 21:21:05","2015-03-18 21:21:05","1-14","","1","58","","Int Stud Q","","","","","","","","en","© 2013 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Skovgaard Poulsen_2014_(Bounded Rationality and the Diffusion of Modern Investment Treaties).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "472MF2FR","journalArticle","2009","Mansfield, Edward D.; Mutz, Diana C.","Support for Free Trade: Self-Interest, Sociotropic Politics, and Out-Group Anxiety","International Organization","","","10.1017/S0020818309090158","http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=5916376&fileId=S0020818309090158","Although it is widely acknowledged that an understanding of mass attitudes about trade is crucial to the political economy of foreign commerce, only a handful of studies have addressed this topic. These studies have focused largely on testing two models, both of which emphasize that trade preferences are shaped by how trade affects an individual's income. The factor endowments or Heckscher-Ohlin model posits that these preferences are affected primarily by a person's skills. The specific factors or Ricardo-Viner model posits that trade preferences depend on the industry in which a person works. We find little support for either of these models using two representative national surveys of Americans. The only potential exception involves the effects of education. Initial tests indicate that educational attainment and support for open trade are directly related, which is often interpreted as support for the Heckscher-Ohlin model. However, further analysis reveals that education's effects are less representative of skill than of individuals' anxieties about involvement with out-groups in their own country and beyond. Furthermore, we find strong evidence that trade attitudes are guided less by material self-interest than by perceptions of how the U.S. economy as a whole is affected by trade.","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2014-12-03 22:26:30","","425–457","","03","63","","","Support for Free Trade","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "474HB9SZ","journalArticle","2004","Hallerberg, Mark; Marier, Patrik","Executive Authority, the Personal Vote, and Budget Discipline in Latin American and Caribbean Countries","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1519917","Recent scholarship on budgeting in Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) countries indicates that political institutions impact the level of budget discipline. Building upon this previous research, we argue that the principal problem that must be addressed in both the government and the legislature to insure strong fiscal discipline is the common pool resource (CPR) problem. At the cabinet level, the CPR problem arises because ministers consider the implications of decisions on their ministries only. The level of the CPR problem in the legislature depends upon the electoral system. Using a data set of LAC countries for the period 1988-97, we find that executive power in the budget process is most effective in reducing budget deficits when electoral incentives for the personal vote is high in the legislature, while strengthening the president (or prime minister) in countries where the personal vote is low in the legislature has no effect.","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","","571–587","","3","48","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2004 Midwest Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "476NUP5K","journalArticle","2013","Yeaple, Stephen Ross","The Multinational Firm","Annual Review of Economics","","","10.1146/annurev-economics-081612-071350","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-economics-081612-071350","This article documents the recent advances in the international trade literature toward understanding the role of multinational firms in the conduct of international commerce. Over the past 10 years, we have developed a better understanding of the incentives firms face in their choice of production location, and we know more about the incentives that induce firms to vertically integrate. Furthermore, the theory literature has progressed from two-country models that cannot capture the richness of multinational firms’ activities to multicountry models that do. The empirics have advanced as well but at a slower pace. Progress has been slowed by the lack of comprehensive data and the difficulties of distinguishing between the various mechanisms proposed by theory.","2013","2013-09-16 09:21:31","2013-09-16 09:21:31","2013-09-16 09:21:31","193-217","","1","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","","","Firms","foreign direct investment; horizontal integration; internalization; offshoring; vertical integration","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "47JE8D73","journalArticle","2010","Ansolabehere, Stephen; Jones, Philip Edward","Constituents’ Responses to Congressional Roll-Call Voting","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2010.00448.x/full","","2010","2014-09-29 02:16:24","2014-09-29 02:16:24","2014-09-29 02:16:24","583–597","","3","54","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Ansolabehere_Jones_2010_(Constituents’ Responses to Congressional Roll-Call Voting).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "47RGGZTV","journalArticle","2009","McNamara, Kathleen","Of intellectual monocultures and the study of IPE","Review of International Political Economy","","","10.1080/09692290802524117","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-12-04 14:18:30","","72–84","","1","16","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","by its very nature; constructivism; gilpin; intellectual monoculture; International Political Economy; involves the jux-; IPE; ipe theory; ipe training; Methodology; ontology","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "48643DEP","journalArticle","1999","Sadorsky, Perry","Oil price shocks and stock market activity","Energy Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988399000201","Results from a vector autoregression show that oil prices and oil price volatility both play important roles in affecting real stock returns. There is evidence that oil price dynamics have changed. After 1986, oil price movements explain a larger fraction of the forecast error variance in real stock returns than do interest rates. There is also evidence that oil price volatility shocks have asymmetric effects on the economy.","1999","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2013-09-03","449–469","","5","21","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1999/Sadorsky_1999_(Oil price shocks and stock market activity).pdf","","Oil prices; Stock returns; volatility","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "48H3CVXR","report","2013","Gelman, Andrew; Imbens, Guido","Why ask why? Forward causal inference and reverse causal questions","","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w19614","","2013","2014-11-09 20:49:54","2014-11-09 20:49:54","2014-11-09 20:49:54","","","","","","","Why ask why?","","","","","National Bureau of Economic Research","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Gelman_Imbens_2013_(Why ask why).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "48SGFE6K","journalArticle","2012","Hvidt, Martin","Planning for Development in the GCC States: A Content Analysis of Current Development Plans","Journal of Arabian Studies","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/21534764.2012.735454","","2012","2015-07-16 09:47:37","2015-07-16 09:47:37","2015-07-16 09:47:37","189–207","","2","2","","","Planning for Development in the GCC States","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Hvidt_2012_(Planning for Development in the GCC States).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "48VG9TGF","journalArticle","2013","Kalai, Adam; Kalai, Ehud","Cooperation in Strategic Games Revisited*","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","","","http://qje.oxfordjournals.org/content/128/2/917","For two-person complete-information strategic games with transferable utility, all major variable-threat bargaining and arbitration solutions coincide. This confluence of solutions by luminaries such as Nash, Harsanyi, Raiffa, and Selten, is more than mere coincidence. Staying in the class of two-person games with transferable unility, the article presents a more complete theory that expands their solution. Specifically, it presents: (1) a decomposition of a game into cooperative and competitive components, (2) an intuitive and computable closed-form formula for the solution, (3) an axiomatic justification of the solution, and (4) a generalization of the solution to games with private signals, along with an arbitration scheme that implements it. The objective is to restart research on cooperative solutions to strategic games and their applications. JEL Codes: C71, C72, C78.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2013-07-08","917–966","","2","128","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "49633JWD","journalArticle","2012","Rehman, I.H.; Kar, Abhishek; Banerjee, Manjushree; Kumar, Preeth; Shardul, Martand; Mohanty, Jeevan; Hossain, Ijaz","Understanding the political economy and key drivers of energy access in addressing national energy access priorities and policies","Energy Policy","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421512002480","Globally, 1.5 billion people lack access to electricity and nearly 3 billion lack access to modern cooking energy options. Of the world's “energy poor”, 95% are in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. Within Asia, almost 80% of electricity-deprived and 86% of biomass-dependent populations are in the “Big 5” countries: Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, and Pakistan. In this paper, we discuss the broad contours of the political economy of energy access in these countries. The political economy is assessed through an examination of three sustainability objectives: accessibility of physical infrastructure; energy service delivery; and conformance to social goals. The key areas of concern include emphasis on supply-driven grid electricity; vested power dynamics favouring affluent and urban areas; unreliability of energy service provision; and misdirected and misappropriated subsidies. The above-mentioned issues are responsible for limiting accelerated achievement of universal energy access in the “Big 5” countries and need to be addressed through innovative approaches. The paper emphasizes the need for firm commitments, policy convergence, and the implementation of 'pro-poor' equitable energy policies through a broad-based energy framework of bench-marked, technology-neutral energy provisioning that ensures reliability and equity. It highlights the need for reorienting of the subsidy regime and incorporating energy service delivery indicators in monitoring and reporting mechanisms.","2012","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2012-09-20","27–37","","0","47, Supplement 1","","","Universal access to energy: Getting the framework right","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Developing countries; Energy access; political economy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "49CEIF7E","journalArticle","1991","Baumgartner, F. R.; Jones, B. D.","Agenda dynamics and policy subsystems","Journal of politics","","","","","","1991","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-09-04 18:31:47","","1044–1074","","4","53","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "49H7K8IK","journalArticle","1999","Busch, Marc L.; Reinhardt, Eric","Industrial Location and Protection: The Political and Economic Geography of U.S. Nontariff Barriers","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2991816","The debate over the relationship between the location of industry and the incidence of import barriers has been miscast. Three problems call into question the findings reported in the endogenous protection literature. First, geographic concentration is widely used as a proxy for political concentration (i.e., the spread of industry across political districts), although these two variables are conceptually and empirically distinct. Second, extant measures of geographic concentration ignore the spatial relationship among units (e.g., counties or states) in which ""lumpy"" industries make their home, thereby often failing to detect concentration where it exists. Third, in those few studies in which political concentration receives any direct attention at all, nonmonotonic effects and interaction terms are seldom tested, despite their grounding in theories of interest group politics more generally. This article addresses all three problems. The results indicate that geographically concentrated but politically dispersed industries are the ones most likely to receive relief from imports, although a handful of very large industries benefit from being politically concentrated. The article thus reveals how to reconcile the two competing hypotheses around which one of endogenous protection theory's most enduring debates has taken shape.","1999","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2013-01-24","1028–1050","","4","43","","","Industrial Location and Protection","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1999 Midwest Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4AAAETWF","journalArticle","2001","Hogg, M. A.","A social identity theory of leadership","Personality and social psychology review","","","","","","2001","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:24:00","","184-200","","3","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4AF5C7F6","journalArticle","2009","Friedrichs, J\textbackslashtextbackslash""org; Kratochwil, Friedrich","On Acting and Knowing: How Pragmatism Can Advance International Relations Research and Methodology","International Organization","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","","701","","04","63","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4AVK43T5","journalArticle","2015","Bearce, David H.; Eldredge, Cody D.; Jolliff, Brandy J.","Do Finite Duration Provisions Reduce International Bargaining Delay?","International Organization","","1531-5088","10.1017/S0020818314000162","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0020818314000162","This research note hypothesizes that international agreements including a finite duration provision or with a shorter expected duration should take less time to negotiate. Using a random sample of agreements across different issue areas, it finds statistical support for this hypothesis. Agreements without a finite duration provision experienced a bargaining phase that was twice as long as agreements including a finite duration provision and otherwise short-term agreements. This result not only offers empirical support for the theoretical proposition that a longer shadow of the future leads to increased bargaining delay—it also has important policy implications. International negotiators can include a finite duration provision when they prefer a shorter bargaining phase to a potentially more durable agreement, and they can avoid this feature when they prefer a more durable agreement, although this decision comes with the cost of additional bargaining delay. By treating finite duration provisions as an independent variable, this result also addresses a critique of the research program on the rational design of international institutions that it moves backward by considering only design features as dependent variables.","2015-12","2015-03-25 18:23:41","2015-03-25 18:23:41","2015-03-25 18:23:41","219–239","","01","69","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Bearce et al_2015_(Do Finite Duration Provisions Reduce International Bargaining Delay)2.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4AW9GMX5","book","2010","Jackson, Patrick Thaddeus","The conduct of inquiry in international relations: philosophy of science and its implications for the study of world politics","","","","","","","2010","2012-05-02 13:47:48","2014-09-04 20:24:13","","","","","","","","The conduct of inquiry in international relations","","","","","Taylor & Francis","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4AXSHED7","journalArticle","2006","Harks, Enno","The Conundrum of Energy Security Gas in Eastern and Western Europe","The International Spectator","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4B5HGVR9","journalArticle","2005","Milner, Helen V.; Kubota, Keiko","Why the Move to Free Trade? Democracy and Trade Policy in the Developing Countries","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3877880","Rising international trade flows are a primary component of globalization. The liberalization of trade policy in many developing countries has helped foster the growth of these flows. Preceding and concurrent with this move to free trade, there has been a global movement toward democracy. We argue that these two trends are related: democratization of the political system reduces the ability of governments to use trade barriers as a strategy for building political support. Political leaders in labor-rich countries may prefer lower trade barriers as democracy increases. Empirical evidence supports our claim about the developing countries from 1970-99. Regime change toward democracy is associated with trade liberalization, controlling for many factors. Conventional explanations of economic reform, such as economic crises and external pressures, seem less salient. Democratization may have fostered globalization in this period.","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2012-05-06","107–143","","1","59","","","Why the Move to Free Trade?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4BSTNIKQ","journalArticle","1999","Gawande, K.; Hansen, W. L","Retaliation, Bargaining, and the Pursuit of `Free and Fair' Trade","International Organization","","","10.1162/002081899550832","","","1999","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2015-03-17 15:38:32","","117–160","","1","53","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4CN9V9UM","journalArticle","2007","Meunier, S.","Managing Globalization? The EU in International Trade Negotiations*","Journal of Common Market Studies","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-5965.2007.00753.x/full","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2013-01-31","905–926","","4","45","","","Managing Globalization?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4CQUTZSQ","journalArticle","2015","Voeten, Erik","Rigor Is Not the Enemy of Relevance","Perspectives on Politics","","1541-0986","10.1017/S1537592715000195","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1537592715000195","","2015-06","2015-06-19 09:46:25","2015-06-19 09:46:25","2015-06-19 09:46:25","402–403","","02","13","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Voeten_2015_(Rigor Is Not the Enemy of Relevance).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4CTPSZDK","book","2004","Mallaby, Sebastian","The world's banker: a story of failed states, financial crises, and the wealth and poverty of nations","","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","","","","","","","","","","","","","Penguin Press New York","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4D2XXD5R","journalArticle","2000","Gawande, Kishore; Bandyopadhyay, Usree","Is Protection for Sale? Evidence on the Grossman-Helpman Theory of Endogenous Protection","The Review of Economics and Statistics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2646679","Grossman and Helpman (1994) present a theory of endogenous protection by explicitly modeling government-industry interactions for which mere ""black-box"" models previously existed. They obtain a Ramsey pricing-type solution to the provision of protection which emphasizes the role of inverse import penetration ratios and import elasticities. On the lobbying side, the model makes predictions about lobbying competition and lobbying spending according to deadweight costs from protection. The model not only makes for richer theory in terms of rigor and elegance, but its predictions are directly testable. Whether the Grossman-Helman model stands up to real-world data is investigated in this paper. Predictions from both the protection side and lobbying side are tested using cross-sectional U.S. nontariff barrier data. We also compare the ""second-generation"" Grossman-Helpman model with a more traditional specification. Our results call for serious consideration of this model in the political economy literature.","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2012-12-01","139–152","","1","82","","","Is Protection for Sale?","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2000 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4DAX3FAR","bookSection","2006","Lake, D. A; Weingast, Barry; Wittman, Donald","International political economy: A maturing interdiscipline","The Oxford Handbook of Political Economy","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","","757–777","","","","","","International political economy","","","","","Oxford University Press","Oxford","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4DQ7AESU","journalArticle","2011","Friedman, Rebecca R.","Crisis Management at the Dead Center: The 1960-1961 Presidential Transition and the Bay of Pigs Fiasco","Presidential Studies Quarterly","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1741-5705.2011.03856.x/abstract","Foreign policy decision making during presidential transitions is an inherently difficult challenge. By examining the 1960-1961 presidential transition and resulting Bay of Pigs fiasco, this article demonstrates that there are six independent, causal variables that best determine the success or failure of foreign policy decision making during presidential transitions: national security decision-making structure, availability of information relevant to the substance and history of the crisis and its policy responses; focus of time and resources; relevant campaign commitments; “newness” of the incoming administration; and “inheritedness” of the policy. Three of President John F. Kennedy's most important Bay of Pigs decisions are explained using this six-variable framework. Drawing from the lessons of the Bay of Pigs fiasco, recommendations are offered for how to improve future national security transitions.","2011","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2012-08-09","307–333","","2","41","","","Crisis Management at the Dead Center","","","","","","","en","\copyright 2011 Center for the Study of the Presidency","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4E5BIRV4","book","1995","Hoekman, B. M.; Kostecki, M. M.","The political economy of the world trading system: from GATT to WTO","","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1467-9396.00154/abstract","","1995","2012-11-07 06:49:11","2014-09-04 20:23:57","2012-11-07 06:49:11","","","","","","","The political economy of the world trading system","","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Trade; WTO","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4EH5QUTW","journalArticle","2011","Kropatcheva, Elena","Playing both ends against the middle: Russia's geopolitical energy games with the EU and Ukraine","Geopolitics","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14650045.2011.520863","","2011","2015-02-02 02:13:20","2015-02-02 02:13:20","2015-02-02 02:13:20","553–573","","3","16","","","Playing both ends against the middle","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Kropatcheva_2011_(Playing both ends against the middle).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4EKF5IIQ","journalArticle","1999","Mahoney, James","Nominal, Ordinal, and Narrative Appraisal in Macrocausal Analysis","American Journal of Sociology","","","","","","1999","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","","1154–96","","4","104","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4EU7ZC3T","book","2007","","Escaping the resource curse","","9780231141963","","","","","2007","2014-11-05 13:53:19","2014-11-05 13:53:19","","","408","","","","","","Initiative for Policy Dialogue at Columbia","","","","Columbia University Press","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD9578.D44 R47 2007","","","","","","","Humphreys, Macartan; Sachs, Jeffrey; Stiglitz, Joseph E.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4EZXWIS7","journalArticle","2012","Jennings, Elyse A.; Axinn, William G.; Ghimire, Dirgha J.","The Effect of Parents' Attitudes on Sons' Marriage Timing","American Sociological Review","","","","http://asr.sagepub.com/content/77/6/923","Theories of family stability and change, demographic processes, and social psychological influences on behavior all posit that parental attitudes and beliefs are a key influence on their children's behavior. We have evidence of these effects in Western populations, but little information regarding this social mechanism in non-Western contexts. Furthermore, comparisons of mothers' and fathers' independent roles in these crucial intergenerational mechanisms are rare. This article uses measures from a 10-year family panel study featuring independent interviews with mothers and fathers in rural Nepal to investigate these issues. We test the association of specific attitudes, rather than broad ideational domains, about childbearing and old-age care with sons' subsequent marriage behavior. Our results indicate that both mothers' and fathers' attitudes have important and independent influences on sons' marriage behavior. Simultaneous study of both parents' attitudes reveals that gender-specific parenting contexts can shape the relationship between parental attitudes and children's behaviors. This crucial mechanism of intergenerational continuity and change is strong in this non-Western setting, with substantial implications for studies of intergenerational influences on behavior in all settings.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2013-07-08","923–945","","6","77","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","attitudes and behavior; intergenerational influences; marriage","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4F27KXVT","journalArticle","2008","Nunn, Nathan; Trefler, Daniel","The boundaries of the multinational firm: an empirical analysis","The organization of firms in a global economy","","","","http://scholar.harvard.edu/files/nunn/files/boundaries.pdf","","2008","2014-10-31 00:43:13","2014-10-31 00:43:13","2014-10-31 00:43:13","55–83","","","","","","The boundaries of the multinational firm","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Nunn_Trefler_2008_(The boundaries of the multinational firm).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4F3S26SU","journalArticle","2002","Steenbergen, Marco; Jones, Bradford","Modeling Multilevel Data Structures","American Journal of Political Science","","","","","","2002","2013-10-11 10:27:34","2013-10-11 10:28:42","","218-237","","","46","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Quant","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4FC56Q9K","journalArticle","1988","Keohane, Robert O.","International Institutions: Two Approaches","International Studies Quarterly","","","","","","1988","2012-05-14 13:28:44","2014-09-04 20:24:30","","379–96","","4","32","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4FSV8JNH","journalArticle","1985","Wagner, Richard K.; Sternberg, Robert J.","Practical intelligence in real-world pursuits: The role of tacit knowledge","Journal of Personality and Social Psychology","","1939-1315(Electronic);0022-3514(Print)","10.1037/0022-3514.49.2.436","","Examined the role of tacit knowledge (knowledge that usually is not openly expressed or taught) in intellectual competence in real-world pursuits. In Exp I, 54 university faculty members in psychology, 104 psychology graduate students, and 29 undergraduates were presented with 12 work-related situations and 6–20 response items and asked to rate the importance of the items. Results show that differences in tacit knowledge useful for managing self, others, and career were related to criterion measures of performance for both psychologists and graduate students. In Exp II, 54 business managers, 51 business graduate students, and 22 undergraduates participated. Differences in tacit knowledge were related to criterion measures of performance for managers. In Exp III, the results of Exp II were cross-validated on a group of 29 bank managers for whom detailed performance-evaluation information was available. Tacit knowledge differences were related to criterion measures of job performance. It is concluded that a comprehensive theory of practical intelligence in real-world pursuits will encompass general aptitudes, formal knowledge, and tacit knowledge that is used in managing self, others, and career. Work-related situations are appended. (54 ref)","1985","2014-09-12 00:51:03","2014-09-12 00:51:03","","436-458","","2","49","","","Practical intelligence in real-world pursuits","","","","","","","","(c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved","","","","APA PsycNET","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1985/Wagner_Sternberg_1985_(Practical intelligence in real-world pursuits).pdf","","","*Intellectual Development; *Knowledge Level; *Performance; *Self Management; Social Skills","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4G3VEFP2","journalArticle","2004","Scheve, Kenneth; Slaughter, Matthew J.","Economic Insecurity and the Globalization of Production","American Journal of Political Science","","0092-5853","10.1111/ajps.2004.48.issue-4","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1519926","A central question in the international and comparative political economy literatures on globalization is whether economic integration increases worker insecurity in advanced economies. Previous research has focused on the role of international trade and has failed to produce convincing evidence that such a link exists. In this article, we argue that globalization increases worker insecurity, but that foreign direct investment (FDI) by multinational enterprises (MNEs) is the key aspect of integration generating risk. FDI by MNEs increases firms' elasticity of demand for labor. More-elastic labor demands, in turn, raise the volatility of wages and employment, all of which tends to make workers feel less secure. We present new empirical evidence, based on the analysis of panel data from Great Britain collected from 1991 to 1999, that FDI activity in the industries in which individuals work is positively correlated with individual perceptions of economic insecurity. This correlation holds in analyses accounting for individual-specific effects and a wide variety of control variables.","2004-10-01","2013-10-11 12:43:53","2014-10-30 19:31:50","2013-10-11 12:43:53","662-674","","4","48","","American Journal of Political Science","","","","","","","","","","","","","JSTOR","","","","","","FDI","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4GE28KXA","journalArticle","2005","Leitner, Kara; Lester, Simon","WTO Dispute Settlement 1995–2004: A Statistical Analysis","Journal of International Economic Law","","","","http://jiel.oxfordjournals.org/content/8/1/231","","2005","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2013-01-31","231–244","","1","8","","","WTO Dispute Settlement 1995–2004","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4GF82GHB","journalArticle","2011","Callander, Steven","Searching for good policies","American Political Science Review","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0003055411000426","","2011","2015-04-09 01:20:56","2015-04-09 01:20:56","2015-04-09 01:20:56","643–662","","04","105","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Callander_2011_(Searching for good policies).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4GNFPQW9","journalArticle","2009","Langlois, G.; Elmer, G.; McKelvey, F.; Devereaux, Z.","Networked publics: The double articulation of code and politics on Facebook","Canadian Journal of Communication","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2014-09-04 18:31:54","","","","3","34","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4GNH3D66","journalArticle","1991","Richard, Michael D.; Lippmann, Richard P.","Neural network classifiers estimate Bayesian a posteriori probabilities","Neural computation","","","","http://www.mitpressjournals.org.proxy.library.georgetown.edu/doi/abs/10.1162/neco.1991.3.4.461","","1991","2014-09-29 02:23:27","2014-09-29 02:23:27","2014-09-29 02:23:27","461–483","","4","3","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1991/Richard_Lippmann/Richard_Lippmann_1991_Neural network classifiers estimate Bayesian a posteriori probabilities.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4GUAE6QV","journalArticle","2015","Bouoiyour, Jamal; Selmi, Refk; Tiwari, Aviral Kumar; Shahbaz, Muhammad","The Nexus between Oil price and Russia’s Real Exchange rate: Better Paths via Unconditional vs Conditional Analysis","Energy Economics","","0140-9883","10.1016/j.eneco.2015.06.001","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988315001747","Instead of analyzing the causality between two time series (unconditional analysis), as it is usually done, the present study deals with the nexus between oil price and Russia’s real exchange rate conditioning upon potential control variables at well-specified horizons and on a frequency by frequency basis. This research accounts also for the possible transient linkages and signal discontinuities. A major finding of this paper is deeply suggestive of a sharp causality running from oil price to real exchange rate in lower frequencies. This implies that Russia should better tackle with turbulence triggered by oil price and continue to reduce its energy dependency via drastic and proactive measures. The economic and fiscal initiatives of Putin administration may help to cope with sudden shocks, to lessen the great oil dependence and to build confidence needed for economic recovery. While our research does not say much about the routes through which oil price may affect differently real exchange rate, it clearly indicates the presence of short-term relationship conditional to GDP, government expenditures, terms of trade and productivity differential. The conditional analysis and signal detection appear as meaningful exercises to find new insights into the focal issue.","2015","2015-06-30 10:52:28","2015-06-30 10:52:38","2015-06-30 10:52:28","","","","","","Energy Economics","The Nexus between Oil price and Russia’s Real Exchange rate","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Bouoiyour et al_2015_(The Nexus between Oil price and Russia’s Real Exchange rate).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4GUHE6I8","journalArticle","2001","Goldgeier, J. M.; Tetlock, P. E.","Psychology and international relations theory","Annual Review of Political Science","","","","","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","","67–92","","1","4","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4HJ28D52","journalArticle","2005","Gozdziak, Elzbieta M.; Collett, Elizabeth A.","Research on human trafficking in North America: A review of literature","International Migration","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0020-7985.2005.00314.x/abstract","","2005","2015-03-20 13:33:37","2015-03-20 13:33:37","2015-03-20 13:33:37","99–128","","1-2","43","","","Research on human trafficking in North America","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2005/Gozdziak_Collett_2005_(Research on human trafficking in North America).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4HUCQEEU","journalArticle","2012","Cui, Lin; Jiang, Fuming","State ownership effect on firms' FDI ownership decisions under institutional pressure: a study of Chinese outward-investing firms","Journal of International Business Studies","","0047-2506","10.1057/jibs.2012.1","http://www.palgrave-journals.com/jibs/journal/v43/n3/full/jibs20121a.html","This study investigates the effect of state ownership on Chinese firms’ foreign direct investment (FDI) ownership decisions. It adopts a political perspective to extend the application of institutional theory in international business research. Specifically, it examines firms’ heterogeneous responses to external institutional processes during foreign market entry, while taking into consideration the political affiliation of firms with the external institutions. We argue that state ownership creates the political affiliation of a firm with its home-country government, which increases the firm's resource dependence on home-country institutions, while at the same time influencing its image as perceived by host-country institutional constituents. Such resource dependence and political perception increase firms’ tendency to conform to, rather than resist, isomorphic institutional pressures. We tested our hypotheses using primary data for 132 FDI entries made by Chinese firms during 2000–2006, and we found that the effects of home regulatory, host regulatory and host normative pressures on a firm to choose a joint ownership structure were stronger when the share of equity held by state entities in the firm was high.","2012-04","2014-09-11 14:22:55","2014-09-11 14:22:55","2014-09-11 14:22:55","264-284","","3","43","","J Int Bus Stud","State ownership effect on firms' FDI ownership decisions under institutional pressure","","","","","","","en","","","","","www.palgrave-journals.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Cui_Jiang_2012_(State ownership effect on firms' FDI ownership decisions under institutional).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4ICQHKFB","journalArticle","2000","Rosenzweig, Mark R.; Wolpin, Kenneth I.","Natural ""Natural Experiments"" in Economics","Journal of Economic Literature","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2698663","","2000","2015-02-16 20:59:12","2015-02-16 21:00:04","2015-02-16 20:59:12","827–874","","4","38","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2000/Rosenzweig_Wolpin_2000_(Natural natural experiments in economics).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4IHH2X28","journalArticle","2014","Johnson, Tana; Urpelainen, Johannes","International Bureaucrats and the Formation of Intergovernmental Organizations: Institutional Design Discretion Sweetens the Pot","International Organization","","0020-8183, 1531-5088","10.1017/S0020818313000349","http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0020818313000349","","2014-01","2014-10-27 16:30:42","2014-10-27 16:30:42","2014-10-27 16:30:42","177-209","","01","68","","","International Bureaucrats and the Formation of Intergovernmental Organizations","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Johnson_Urpelainen_2014_(International Bureaucrats and the Formation of Intergovernmental Organizations).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4J98TR5S","book","2008","Xinrong, Liu; Shihui, Yang","A Statistical Analysis of Strategy Choices in WTO Dispute Settlement 1995-2007","","978-0-646-49707-5","","","","Based on the WTO dispute settlement procedure. analyses statistically the strategy choices of dispute settlement in every stage since WTO establishment and the strategy choices from United States of America, European Union, Canada and India. Its results indicates complainant would be more and more choose the strategy of requesting to establish a Panel ill consultation stage, complainant would prefer to choose the strategy of Panel report in Panel stage, high probability of respondent and low probability of complainant to continue appeal in Appeal Body stage, respondents choose strategy of implementation WTO judgment in most cases at the Implementation stage, all complainants choose the retaliation strategy in response to the non-implementation of WTO judgment by respondents at the request retaliation stage. all complainants choose to implement retaliation at the retaliation implementation stage, and the strategies choose is difference in USA,EU, Canada and India.","2008","2013-02-05 19:45:21","2014-09-04 20:27:33","","","","","","","","","","","","","Aussino Acad Publ House","Marrickville","English","","","","","ISI Web of Knowledge","","WOS:000260249500212","","","","Dispute Settlement; Strategy Choice; Trade; WTO","Dispute Settlement; Strategy Choice; wto","Zhang, H.; Zhu, K. L.; Han, C. L.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4JFF2NKV","book","1990","","Origins of terrorism: psychologies, ideologies, theologies, states of mind","","0943875897","","","","","1990","2012-10-25 12:33:12","2014-09-04 20:25:56","","","289","","","","","Origins of terrorism","","","","","Woodrow Wilson Center Press ; distributed by the Johns Hopkins University Press","Washington, DC : Baltimore; London","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HV6431 .O74 1998","","","","","Psychological aspects; psychology; Terrorism; Terrorists","Psychological aspects; psychology; Terrorism; Terrorists","Reich, Walter","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4JUHWEBN","blogPost","2014","","Deja Vu for OPEC as Oil Prices Tumble","Chatham House","","","","http://www.chathamhouse.org//node/16368","OPEC is making the same fundamental mistakes it made during the 1980s oil price collapse.","2014-12-01","2015-06-20 10:40:33","2015-06-20 10:41:01","2015-06-20 10:40:33","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4KFN3SKJ","journalArticle","2012","Weiss, Jessica","Autocratic Signaling, Mass Audiences and Nationalist Protest in China","International Organization, Forthcoming","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm?abstractid=2000317","","2012","2013-05-13 14:56:53","2014-09-04 20:27:22","2013-05-13 14:56:53","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm?abstractid=2000317","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4KH5HR7A","journalArticle","1994","Ruggie, J. G.","Trade, protectionism and the future of welfare capitalism","Journal of International Affairs","","","","","","1994","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","","","","1","48","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4KIDQKS4","journalArticle","2010","Chaudoin, Stephen","Information Transmission and the Strategic Timing of Trade Disputes","","","","","http://ncgg.princeton.edu/IPES/2010/papers/S900_paper1.pdf","","2010","2014-11-14 20:12:00","2014-11-14 20:12:00","2014-11-14 20:12:00","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Chaudoin_2010_(Information Transmission and the Strategic Timing of Trade Disputes).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4KQ57DK5","journalArticle","2006","Cohen, Ariel","The North European Gas Pipeline Threatens Europe's Energy Security","Backgrounder","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2014-09-04 18:31:59","","","","1980","4999","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4MNWB3TT","journalArticle","2013","Parkinson, Sarah Elizabeth","Organizing rebellion: Rethinking high-risk mobilization and social networks in war","American Political Science Review","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0003055413000208","","2013","2015-03-25 19:11:53","2015-03-25 19:11:53","2015-03-25 19:11:53","418–432","","03","107","","","Organizing rebellion","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Parkinson_2013_(Organizing rebellion).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4N3SKV3U","journalArticle","2005","Hays, Jude C.; Ehrlich, Sean D.; Peinhardt, Clint","Government Spending and Public Support for Trade in the OECD: An Empirical Test of the Embedded Liberalism Thesis","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3877913","According to the embedded liberalism thesis, governments committed to free trade provide insurance and other transfers to compensate those who lose economically from expanded trade. The goal of this spending is to maintain public support for trade liberalization. We provide a micro-level test of the critical assumption behind the embedded liberalism thesis that government programs designed to protect individuals harmed by imports reduce opposition to free trade. Our micro results have important implications for the macro relationship between trade and government spending, which we also test. We find empirical support for the embedded liberalism thesis in both our micro- and macro-level analyses.","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2014-09-04 18:31:54","","473–494","","2","59","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2005 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4NF7VK5S","journalArticle","2012","Blum, Helcio; Legey, Luiz F.L.","The challenging economics of energy security: Ensuring energy benefits in support to sustainable development","Energy Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988312001831","Energy is a key-resource to economic development and is required to be available continuously and in adequate amounts. Also, it is expected to be affordable and environmentally friendly. Ensuring this is a challenge, yet strategic to maintain economies running under a sustainable pattern. Energy security is neither a new concept, nor a new concern. However, because of new issues, it requires a novel, broader approach. Such an approach should address both demand (security of supply) and supply (security of demand) sides, as well as take into account energy scarcity situations and surplus opportunities. In addition, it should allow for both private (markets) and public (policies and regulations) initiatives. This paper presents a theoretical and practical basis for the economics of energy security. Energy security is defined, in this context, as the ability of an economy to provide sufficient, affordable and environmentally sustainable energy services so as to maintain a maximum welfare state, even when issues would press it otherwise. We introduce the notion of energy security gap to represent the economy's failure to show such ability. Additionally, we also propose a framework to support the evaluation, planning and implementation of energy security in an economy. This framework relies on the concepts of resilience, adaptability and transformability (Walker et al, 2004) to prescribe indicators to assess the energy security of an economy. Furthermore, it proposes mechanisms to enhance energy security, as well as a continuous process to increasingly achieve this.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2013-09-03","1982–1989","","6","34","","","The challenging economics of energy security","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Energy policies; energy security; Sustainable development","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4NFIPX3V","journalArticle","1996","Hetherington, M. J.","The media's role in forming voters' national economic evaluations in 1992","American Journal of Political Science","","","","","","1996","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","","372–395","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4NKE9XAJ","journalArticle","2002","McDermott, R.","Experimental methods in political science","Annual Review of Political Science","","","","","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2014-09-04 18:31:41","","31–61","","1","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4P7KIZ26","journalArticle","2014","Aronow, Peter M.; Green, Donald P.; Lee, Donald KK; others","Sharp bounds on the variance in randomized experiments","The Annals of Statistics","","","","http://projecteuclid.org/euclid.aos/1400592645","","2014","2014-11-07 13:22:49","2014-11-07 13:22:49","2014-11-07 13:22:49","850–871","","3","42","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Aronow et al_2014_(Sharp bounds on the variance in randomized experiments).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4PD9PSHQ","journalArticle","2011","Chaudary, Saadiya","Trafficking in Europe: An Analysis of the Effectiveness of European Law","Michigan Journal of International Law","","","","http://heinonlinebackup.com/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/mjil33§ion=15","","2011","2015-04-15 20:55:17","2015-04-15 20:55:56","2015-04-15 20:55:17","77-99","","1","33","","","Trafficking in Europe","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Chaudary_2011_(Trafficking in Europe).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4PMAFQXT","journalArticle","2001","Bordo, Michael; Eichengreen, Barry; Klingebiel, Daniela; Martinez-Peria, Maria Soledad; Rose, Andrew K.","Is the Crisis Problem Growing More Severe?","Economic Policy","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3601034","The crisis problem is one of the dominant macroeconomic features of our age. Its prominence suggests questions like the following: Are crises growing more frequent? Are they becoming more disruptive? Are economies taking longer to recover? These are fundamentally historical questions, which can be answered only by comparing the present with the past. To this end, this paper develops and analyses a data base spanning 120 years of financial history. We find that crisis frequency since 1973 has been double that of the Bretton Woods and classical gold standard periods and is rivalled only by the crisis-ridden 1920s and 1930s. History thus confirms that there is something different and disturbing about our age. However, there is little evidence that crises have grown longer or output losses have become larger. Crises may have grown more frequent, in other words, but they have not obviously grown more severe. Our explanation for the growing frequency and chronic costs of crises focuses on the combination of capital mobility and the financial safety net, including the implicit insurance against exchange risk provided by an ex ante credible policy of pegging the exchange rate, which encourages banks and corporations to accumulate excessive foreign currency exposures. We also provide policy recommendations for restoring stability and growth.","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","","51+53–82","","32","16","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2001 Centre for Economic Policy Research, Center for Economic Studies and Maison des Sciences de l'Homme","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4PXEI2GS","book","1983","Habermas, Jürgen","The theory of communicative action","","","","","","","1983","2013-02-25 17:06:22","2014-09-04 20:23:35","","","","","","","","","","","","","Beacon Press","Boston","","","","","","search.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Communication – Philosophy; Functionalism (Social sciences); Rationalism; Social action; Sociology – Philosophy","Communication -- Philosophy; Functionalism (Social sciences); Rationalism; Social action; Sociology -- Philosophy","","","McCarthy, Thomas","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4QAT7VBI","journalArticle","2015","Poast, Paul","Central Banks at War","International Organization","","1531-5088","10.1017/S0020818314000265","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0020818314000265","War is expensive—troops must be equipped and weapons must be procured. When the enormous borrowing requirements of war make the sovereigns' credibility problem more difficult, central banks enhance a government's ability to borrow. By being the sole direct purchaser of government debt, the central bank increases the effective punishment that can be imposed on the government for defaulting on the marginal lender. This increases lenders' confidence that the government will be punished in case of default, making lenders willing to purchase the debt at a lower rate of interest. The sovereign, dependent on the low borrowing costs offered by the central bank, has an incentive to retain the bank. Data covering the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries reveal that possessing a central bank lowers the sovereign's borrowing costs, particularly during times of war.","2015-12","2015-01-15 20:31:12","2015-01-15 20:31:12","2015-01-15 20:31:12","63–95","","01","69","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Poast_2015_(Central Banks at War).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4QSZ3WMA","journalArticle","1980","Baldwin, David A.","Interdependence and power: a conceptual analysis","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0020818300018828","","1980","2015-01-26 17:52:33","2015-01-26 17:52:33","2015-01-26 17:52:33","471–506","","04","34","","","Interdependence and power","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1980/Baldwin_1980_(Interdependence and power).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4QV6QW28","report","2008","Mabadi, Amir Hossein","Legal Strategies in Upstream Oil and Gas Contracts to Attract Foreign Investment: Iran's Case","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1745427","Since oil and gas industry - as an Iran economic back bone - has a vital importance, financing in this sector has attracted huge amount of attention among economists and even owing to its inherent political character, politicians have involved in this crucial discussion. Historically the main source of financing in Iranian oil and gas industry has been foreign investment, entered in to the country through upstream oil and gas contracts from the early oil and gas concessions i.e. Darcy concessions of 1901 until the more recent buy back contracts. Considering the significant role of foreign investment and especially foreign direct investment in the development and blooming of an industry and in our case oil and gas as a vital industry for Iran, the question of ability to attract foreign investment in a competitive capital market, could be regarded as a profession sometimes beyond the host state abilities. There are a lot of economic, political and legal strategies to optimize the grounds for encouraging foreigners to inject their investment and capital in Iranian oil and gas industry. Although each of these strategies help the other to operate in the better way, so they are closely depended on each other, we will only consider the legal strategies and though legal strategies are variedly from constitutional changes and judiciary system amendments to strict contractual improvements, we will mainly focus on contractual clauses and their significant role in the substance of contracts and the outstanding effects of these clauses to attract foreigners to stream their capital in Iranian oil and gas industry. Iranian Constitution in Article 43 enjoins foreign economic domination over the country's commercial life whilst paragraph 2 of Article 44 declares that the state sector is to include all large scale and ""mother"" industries including major minerals and Article 45 vests the disposition of public wealth and property, such as mineral deposits, in the Islamic state. Moreover according to Petroleum Act (1974), only service contracts are permitted. This has confirmed by the Petroleum Act of 1987 that permit the establishment of contracts between the Ministry of Petroleum, the state companies and ""local and foreign natural persons and legal entities.” In fact the bar on foreign ownership of minerals in the Islamic Republic has been interpreted to mean a bar on the foreign control of reserves, an interpretation which necessarily dictates that any foreign oil company may only act as Contractor to National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) not as Principal or Proprietor. In addition, Article (3) of “Code on Encouragement and Protection of Foreign Investment” and its section (B) states that BOT, Buyback and Civil Partnership contracts could enjoy the legal facilities and protection granted according to this code. The mentioned “Civil Partnership” in this code generally interprets to include Joint Venture contracts that are in fact a kind of partnership contract. In fact as the Code shows there is a creeping trend in new generation of Iranian economic regulation to open the Iranian market to foreigners and absorb their capital to Iran even trough the legislations that have conflict with the Iranian governors’ slogans at the first decade of revolution. The very recent leader’s governmental order about principal 44 of constitution for privatization of a long list of industries in Iran excluding upstream oil and gas industry is obviously a positive movement with more than 20 years delay. In this regard, some questions have stroked my mind in initial steps; -What are the main upstream oil and gas contracts in Iran and other parts of the world? -Why Iran has different upstream oil and gas contract i.e. Buyback contracts? -What are the main clauses of upstream oil and gas contracts including buyback? -What is wrong with the current upstream oil and gas contracts generally and buyback particularly? -And finally, what can we do to solve the problems and find some mutual beneficial clauses? To answer the mentioned questions based on the mentioned presumptions, this research follows a Library, descriptive, analytical and case study methodology and its completion has faced with a lot of problems ranging from lack of enough resources even academic articles at domestic levels to confidentiality contracts at issue. History of oil industry all over the world and especially in Middle East has shown that IOC's prefer their long-term interests than their temporary interests which could be secure through contractual clauses that guarantee a stable long-term contractual relationship of parties However the contractual clauses of a contract especially when there are a lot of legal bans to be competitive with other oil exporter countries, seems to be the last shoot that National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) lawyers con account on. Author assumes that there must be some other better clauses then we have used and we can enjoy the other countries experiences. The other assumption that the author has in mind is that even with problematic legislation we could amend our oil and gas contractual clauses in such a way to be more attractive for foreigners to invest in. In this research leaving aside any economic discussion concerning necessity of foreign investment in the Iranian oil and gas industry, I have attempted to find out what are the main differences between the three important upstream oil and gas contracts bearing in mind the desire of international oil companies to enter into one of these contracts and the elements that bring about differences. Moreover what changes should be applied to Iran’s contractual clauses to attract foreign investment through upstream oil and gas contracts and why those amendments will be attractive for foreigners are also examined in details. To achieve the mentioned goals, this dissertation has been divided to three separate parts, each one includes several chapters. In Part One, I have attempted to describe main elements of this dissertation i.e. two most important upstream oil and gas contracts which are buyback contracts and production sharing contracts and joint venture contracts. In Part Two, we have an overview on some contractual clauses that could have direct effects on foreign investors’ decision making process on an oil and gas project and foreign investment attraction capacity of host country as a result. The last Part of this dissertation, based on aforesaid situation in upstream oil and gas contracts, will suggest some amendments in contractual clauses to be more attractive for foreigners to invest their capital in Iran investment and make Iran able to absorb required investment for developing Iran oil and gas fields to highest possible level.","2008-01-22","2015-06-14 20:57:29","2015-06-14 20:57:29","2015-06-14 20:57:29","","","","","","","Legal Strategies in Upstream Oil and Gas Contracts to Attract Foreign Investment","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 1745427","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4QZFB632","journalArticle","2006","Mahoney, J.","A Tale of Two Cultures: Contrasting Quantitative and Qualitative Research","Political Analysis","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","","227–249","","3","14","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4R9Q4ZHW","journalArticle","2012","Hanmer, Michael J.; Ozan Kalkan, Kerem","Behind the Curve: Clarifying the Best Approach to Calculating Predicted Probabilities and Marginal Effects from Limited Dependent Variable Models","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2012.00602.x/abstract","Models designed for limited dependent variables are increasingly common in political science. Researchers estimating such models often give little attention to the coefficient estimates and instead focus on marginal effects, predicted probabilities, predicted counts, etc. Since the models are nonlinear, the estimated effects are sensitive to how one generates the predictions. The most common approach involves estimating the effect for the “average case.” But this approach creates a weaker connection between the results and the larger goals of the research enterprise and is thus less preferable than the observed-value approach. That is, rather than seeking to understand the effect for the average case, the goal is to obtain an estimate of the average effect in the population. In addition to the theoretical argument in favor of the observed-value approach, we illustrate via an empirical example and Monte Carlo simulations that the two approaches can produce substantively different results.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2012-08-09","no–no","","","","","","Behind the Curve","","","","","","","en","\copyright 2012, Midwest Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4REI2R3C","journalArticle","2005","Mercer, Jonathan","Prospect Theory and Political Science","Annual Review of Political Science","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.polisci.8.082103.104911","▪ Abstract Prospect theory is the most influential behavioral theory of choice in the social sciences. Its creators won a Nobel Prize in economics, and it is largely responsible for the booming field of behavioral economics. Although international relations theorists who study security have used prospect theory extensively, Americanists, comparativists, and political economists have shown little interest in it. The dominant explanation for political scientists' tepid response focuses on the theoretical problems with extending a theory devised in the lab to explain political decisions in the field. This essay focuses on these problems and reviews suggested solutions. It suggests that prospect theory's failure to ignite the imagination of more political scientists probably results from their aversion to behavioral assumptions and not from problems unique to prospect theory.","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2012-09-06","1–21","","1","8","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","decision making; framing; loss aversion","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4T2IXATM","journalArticle","2014","Pelc, Krzysztof J.","The Politics of Precedent in International Law: A Social Network Application","American Political Science Review","","","10.1017/S0003055414000276","","","2014","2014-09-08 20:22:55","2014-09-08 20:22:55","","547-564","","03","108","","","The Politics of Precedent in International Law","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Pelc_2014_(The Politics of Precedent in International Law).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4T7AR3MJ","journalArticle","2012","Hayes, J.","Research Article Securitization, Social Identity, and Democratic Security: Nixon, India, and the Ties That Bind","International Organization","","","","","","2012","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","","63–93","","","66","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4T88U3FU","journalArticle","1983","Ruggie, John Gerard","Continuity and Transformation in the World Polity: Toward a Neorealist Synthesis","World Politics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2010273","Kenneth Waltz's recent book, Theory of International Politics, is one of the most important contributions to international relations theory since his Man, the State and War. It picks up where the earlier work left off: with the structure of the international system serving as the basis for explaining a variety of international outcomes. The most profound and perhaps the most perplexing outcome Waltz attempts to explain is the lack of fundamental change in the international polity. The author argues that Waltz does not fully succeed in this endeavor for three reasons. First, his definition of structure fails to capture so momentous a change as that from the medieval to the modern international systems. Second, his application of the structuralist method leads him to ask questions in such a way that the answers systematically understate the degree of potential change in the contemporary international system. Third, his model of structural explanation turns out to allow only for a reproductive logic but not for a transformational logic. With the epistemological underpinnings of his theory thus biased against the possibility of change, it is not surprising that Waltz finds the likelihood of future continuity compelling. In the spirit of constructive criticism, this review article tries to amend and augment the theory in a manner that is not incompatible with its basic realist precepts.","1983","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2012-11-01","261–285","","2","35","","","Continuity and Transformation in the World Polity","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1983 Trustees of Princeton University","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4U5AX98A","manuscript","2000","Corradi, Gessica; Gherardi, Silvia; Verzelloni, Luca","Ten Good Reasons for Assuming a Practice Lens in Organization Studies","","","","","","","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4UBQK37J","journalArticle","2010","Buzan, B.; Albert, M.","Differentiation: A sociological approach to international relations theory","European Journal of International Relations","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","","315–337","","3","16","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4UT5M7EQ","journalArticle","2005","Wendt, Alexander","How Not to Argue against State Personhood: A Reply to Lomas","Review of International Studies","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/40072101","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2012-11-01","357–360","","2","31","","","How Not to Argue against State Personhood","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2005 Cambridge University Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4V26RWGI","book","2012","","Oil and Governance: State-owned enterprises and the world energy supply","","","","","http://books.google.ca/books?hl=en&lr=&id=pBuV5z_hnngC&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&dq=Oil+and+governance:+state-owned+enterprises+and+the+world+energy+supply&ots=I_gTiZv4wM&sig=HGYZv7fPFHPpdXOQOFeMUmYgivE","","2012","2013-10-09 21:09:46","2014-11-09 13:08:03","2013-10-09 21:09:46","","","","","","","Oil and governance","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge, UK","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","Victor, David G.; Hults, David R.; Thurber, Mark C.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4V53EIQH","journalArticle","2013","Hirose, Kentaro","Bargaining Outside the Shadow of War: How Do Stronger States Influence Weaker States?","","","","","http://q-aps.princeton.edu/q-aps/files/hirose_BOW.pdf","","2013","2014-09-29 02:16:10","2014-09-29 02:16:10","2014-09-29 02:16:10","","","","","","","Bargaining Outside the Shadow of War","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Hirose_2013_(Bargaining Outside the Shadow of War).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4VATGT44","journalArticle","2004","Schultze, Ulrike; Orlikowski, Wanda J.","A Practice Perspective on Technology-Mediated Network Relations: The Use of Internet-Based Self-Serve Technologies","Information Systems Research","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","","87–106","","1","15","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","3 revisions; 2002; and was with the; arm; associate editor; authors 4 Month_nulls for; capital; electronic brokering; embedded relationships; History; omar el sawy; on december 14; service strategies; s length relationships; social; this paper was received; work practices","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4VEKIWIX","book","2012","","Bourdieu in International Relations: Rethinking Key Concepts in IR","","9780415528528","","","","This book rethinks the key concepts of International Relations by drawing on the work of Pierre Bourdieu. The last few years have seen a genuine wave of publications promoting sociology in international relations. Scholars have suggested that Bourdieu’s vocabulary can be applied to study security, diplomacy, migration and global environmental politics. Yet we still lack a systematic and accessible analysis of what Bourdieu-inspired IR might look like. This book provides the answer. It offers an introduction to Bourdieu’s thinking to a wider IR audience, challenges key assumptions, which currently structure IR scholarship – and provides an original, theoretical restatement of some of the core concepts in the field. The book brings together a select group of leading IR scholars who draw on both theoretical and empirical insights from Bourdieu. Each chapter covers one central concept in IR: Methodology, Knowledge, Power, Strategy, Security, Culture, Gender, Norms, Sovereignty and Integration. The chapters demonstrate how these concepts can be reinterpreted and used in new ways when exposed to Bourdieusian logic. Challenging key pillars of IR scholarship, Bourdieu in International Relations will be of interest to critical theorists, and scholars of IR theory.","2012","2012-09-19 22:36:24","2014-09-04 20:13:12","","","250","","","","","Bourdieu in International Relations","","","","","Routledge","New York","en","","","","","Google Books","","","","","http://books.google.ca/books?id=dCi1DOUFAPwC","Political Science / General; Political Science / History & Theory; Political Science / International Relations / General","Political Science / General; Political Science / History & Theory; Political Science / International Relations / General","Adler-Nissen, Rebecca","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4VJ535VQ","journalArticle","2006","Helpman, Elhanan","Trade, FDI, and the Organization of Firms","Journal of Economic Literature","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w12091","","2006","2014-10-31 14:14:56","2014-10-31 14:16:20","2014-10-31 14:14:56","589-630","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2006/Helpman_2006_(Trade, FDI, and the Organization of Firms).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4W7WBMWR","book","1991","","The New institutionalism in organizational analysis","","0226677087","","","","","1991","2014-11-13 23:39:43","2014-11-13 23:39:43","","","478","","","","","","","","","","University of Chicago Press","Chicago","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HM131 .N47 1991","","","","","","","Powell, Walter W.; DiMaggio, Paul","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4W9JCU4K","journalArticle","2010","Gerring, John","Causal mechanisms: Yes, but…","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/43/11/1499.short","","2010","2013-03-04 23:26:30","2013-03-04 23:26:30","2013-03-04 23:26:30","1499–1526","","11","43","","","Causal mechanisms","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Qual","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4WEEMXW5","journalArticle","2003","Balzer, Harley","Managed Pluralism: Vladimir Putin's Emerging Regime","Post-Soviet Affairs","","","","","","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","","189–227","","3","19","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4WUNZ6E7","book","2004","Harrison, Graham","The World Bank and Africa: the construction of governance states","","","","","http://books.google.ca/books?hl=en&lr=&id=4suDWjPqAfsC&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=harrison+2004+world+bank&ots=Olwj4E-TXC&sig=wxWI3SPxdmgCehdHqyyCO3t2J1U","","2004","2013-05-13 16:18:14","2014-09-04 20:23:39","2013-05-13 16:18:14","","","","13","","","The World Bank and Africa","","","","","Routledge","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4WWNVR8T","journalArticle","2012","Anderson, Richard D.","Crony Politics in Russia","International Studies Review","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2486.2012.01115.x/abstract","Anderson, Richard D. (2012) Crony Politics in Russia. International Studies Review, doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2486.2012.01115.x","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2012-06-20","324–330","","2","14","","","","","","","","","","en","\copyright 2012 International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4XDIQF9U","book","2009","Thorun, Christian.","Explaining change in Russian foreign policy : the role of ideas in post-Soviet Russia's conduct towards the West","","9780230553729","","","","","2009","2012-05-08 20:11:38","2014-09-04 20:27:03","","","","","","","","Explaining change in Russian foreign policy","","","","","Palgrave Macmillan","New York","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Post-communism – Russia (Federation); Russia (Federation) – Foreign relations.","Post-communism -- Russia (Federation); Russia (Federation) -- Foreign relations.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4XTEV658","journalArticle","1981","Stephenson, W.","Principles for the study of subjectivity","Operant Subjectivity","","","","","","1981","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:26:49","","37-53","","","4","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4ZBVQEP4","book","1996","Schatzki, Theodore","Social Practices: A Wittgensteinian Approach to Human Activity and the Social","","","","","","","1996","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:26:14","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","New York","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "4ZHXIJX3","journalArticle","2015","Burger, Martijn; Ianchovichina, Elena; Rijkers, Bob","Risky Business: Political Instability and Sectoral Greenfield Foreign Direct Investment in the Arab World","World Bank Economic Review","","","","https://www.gtap.agecon.purdue.edu/resources/download/7417.pdf","","2015","2015-07-16 08:59:40","2015-07-16 09:00:27","2015-07-16 08:59:40","","","","","","","Risky Business","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Burger et al_2015_(Risky Business).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5286F52A","journalArticle","2000","Abreu, Dilip; Gul, Faruk","Bargaining and reputation","Econometrica","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1468-0262.00094/abstract","","2000","2013-09-17 10:24:30","2013-09-17 10:24:30","2013-09-17 10:24:30","85–117","","1","68","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Bargaining; Game Theory","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5295FIPT","journalArticle","1969","Fleron, Frederic J.","Toward a reconceptualization of political change in the Soviet Union: the political leadership system","Comparative Politics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/421386","","1969","2015-12-08 20:29:51","2015-12-08 20:29:51","2015-12-08 20:29:51","228–244","","2","1","","","Toward a reconceptualization of political change in the Soviet Union","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "52NNGMBJ","journalArticle","2011","Meyer, Christoph O.","The Purpose and Pitfalls of Constructivist Forecasting: Insights from Strategic Culture Research for the European Unions Evolution as a Military Power1","International Studies Quarterly","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:32:03","2014-09-04 18:32:03","","1–22","","55","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "538DXRAS","journalArticle","2002","Harms, Philipp; Ursprung, Heinrich W.","Do civil and political repression really boost foreign direct investments?","Economic Inquiry","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1093/ei/40.4.651/abstract","","2002","2014-11-04 23:47:02","2014-11-04 23:47:02","2014-11-04 23:47:02","651–663","","4","40","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2002/Harms_Ursprung_2002_(Do civil and political repression really boost foreign direct investments).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "539XM6RN","journalArticle","2012","Rosamond, Ben","Supranational governance as economic patriotism? The European Union, legitimacy and the reconstruction of state space","Journal of European Public Policy","","1350-1763","10.1080/13501763.2011.638119","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13501763.2011.638119","‘Economic patriotism’ (EP) and ‘European integration’ might normally be regarded as antonyms. The argument is made for reading some actions and discourses of the EU in terms of EP. Two assumptions are relaxed: that EP is an exclusive property of nation-state space and that is necessarily associated with the suspension of economic liberalism. By relaxing the first, the article shows how many aspects of EU discourse and practice can be thought of as EP-like. The institutionalized economic liberal biases of the EU tend to constrain the possibilities for supranational EP in its two principal guises, labelled here as ‘Schmittian’ and ‘Listian’. The relaxation of the second assumption allows for a third variant of EP to be introduced: ‘market-making’ EP. This is shown to be a particular feature of Commission discourse since the mid-1980s. The move to market-making EP discourse demonstrates the particular quality of legitimacy dilemmas faced by the EU.","2012","2013-03-15 21:54:01","2014-09-04 20:26:02","2013-03-15 21:54:01","324-341","","3","19","","","Supranational governance as economic patriotism?","","","","","","","","","","","","Taylor and Francis+NEJM","","","","","","EU","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "53K87CE8","journalArticle","2012","Cho, Seo-Young; Vadlamannati, Krishna Chaitanya","Compliance with the Anti-trafficking Protocol","European Journal of Political Economy","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0176268011001509","","2012","2015-04-15 20:57:08","2015-04-15 20:57:08","2015-04-15 20:57:08","249–265","","2","28","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Cho_Vadlamannati_2012_(Compliance with the Anti-trafficking Protocol)2.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "544GINGP","journalArticle","2010","Tarrow, Sidney","The Strategy of Paired Comparison: Toward a Theory of Practice","Comparative Political Studies","","0010-4140, 1552-3829","10.1177/0010414009350044","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/43/2/230","Paired comparison is a strategy of political analysis that has been widely used but seldom theorized. This is because it is often assimilated to single-case studies or regarded as a degenerate form of multicase analysis. This article argues that paired comparison is a distinct strategy of comparative analysis with advantages that both single-case and multicase comparisons lack. After reviewing how paired comparison has been dealt with in comparative politics, the article details a number of its advantages and pitfalls, illustrates them through the work of four major pairing comparativists, and proposes what is distinct about the strategy. It closes with a number of suggestions for using paired comparison more effectively.","2010-02-01","2015-07-15 06:01:49","2015-07-15 06:01:49","2015-07-15 06:01:49","230-259","","2","43","","Comparative Political Studies","The Strategy of Paired Comparison","","","","","","","en","","","","","cps.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Tarrow_2010_(The Strategy of Paired Comparison).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "549CJ94U","journalArticle","1994","Frieden, Jeffry A.","International investment and colonial control: A new interpretation","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0020818300028319","","1994","2014-10-30 23:57:03","2014-10-30 23:57:03","2014-10-30 23:57:03","559–593","","04","48","","","International investment and colonial control","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1994/Frieden_1994_(International investment and colonial control).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "54CXD273","report","2014","Alt, James E.; Iversen, Torben","Inequality, Labor Market Segmentation, and Preferences for Redistribution","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2478845","We formalize and examine two overlapping models that show how rising inequality combined with ethnic and racial heterogeneity can explain why many advanced industrial countries have experienced a drop in support for redistribution as inequality has risen. One model, based on altruism and homophily, focuses on the effect of increasing “social distance” between the poor and the middle class, especially when minorities are increasingly overrepresented among the very poor. The other, based on self-interest, combines an “insurance” model of preferences for redistribution with increasingly segmented labor markets, in which immigration of workers without recognized skills leaves most native workers better off but intensifies competition for low-end jobs. Empirically, when we estimate parameters from the two models using data from multiple waves of ISSP surveys, we find that labor market segmentation, previously omitted in this literature, has more consistent effects than social distance.","2014-08-11","2014-09-16 12:10:45","2014-09-16 12:10:45","2014-09-16 12:10:45","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Alt_Iversen_2014_(Inequality, Labor Market Segmentation, and Preferences for Redistribution).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2478845","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "54EXIQBF","journalArticle","2006","Simmons, B. A; Dobbin, F.; Garrett, G.","Introduction: The international diffusion of liberalism","International Organization","","","","","","2006","2012-05-14 05:33:32","2014-09-04 20:26:30","","781–810","","4","60","","","Introduction","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "54JHFDRN","journalArticle","1991","Olorunfemi, Michael A.","The dynamics of national oil companies","OPEC Review","","1468-0076","10.1111/j.1468-0076.1991.tb00411.x","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-0076.1991.tb00411.x/abstract","","1991-12-01","2015-04-12 17:23:41","2015-04-12 17:23:41","2015-04-12 17:23:41","321-334","","4","15","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1991/Olorunfemi_1991_(The dynamics of national oil companies).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "54QXV3VQ","report","2013","Kim, In Song","Political Cleavages within Industry: Firm level lobbying for Trade Liberalization","","","","","http://public-stage-acquia.gsb.stanford.edu/sites/default/files/documents/Job%20Market%20Paper.pdf","","2013","2014-09-29 02:15:46","2014-09-29 02:15:46","2014-09-29 02:15:46","","","","","","","Political Cleavages within Industry","","","","","Working Paper. Princeton University. Princeton","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Kim_2013_(Political Cleavages within Industry).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "54UVJPPN","journalArticle","2015","Schindler, Sebastian; Wille, Tobias","Change in and through practice: Pierre Bourdieu, Vincent Pouliot, and the end of the Cold War","International Theory","","1752-9727","10.1017/S1752971915000068","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1752971915000068","The end of the Cold War led to intense debates about how change happens in international politics. In this article, we argue that practice theory has great potential for illuminating this question. Drawing on Vincent Pouliot’s empirical analysis of NATO-Russia relations after the end of the Cold War, we elaborate how change happens in and through practice. We show that post-Cold War security practices are inherently unstable, because there is a fundamental uncertainty about whether the Cold War is really over or whether the Cold War logic of bipolar confrontation still applies. Uncertainty about the meaning of the past destabilizes present practices and thus makes sudden and drastic change possible. To date, many contributions to the literature on international practices have, however, failed to grasp the inherent instability of practice. We argue that this failure is due to a particular conception of change that can be found in the works of Pierre Bourdieu. Through a close reading of Pouliot’s Bourdieusian analysis of post-Cold War politics, we demonstrate the limitations of such a perspective, notably that it is unable to grasp how change originates in practice.","2015-07","2015-06-30 10:56:20","2015-06-30 10:56:20","2015-06-30 10:56:20","330–359","","02","7","","","Change in and through practice","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Schindler_Wille_2015_(Change in and through practice).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "552I5V8Z","journalArticle","2011","Fiammenghi, Davide","The Security Curve and the Structure of International Politics","International Security","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","","126–154","","4","35","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "555VFFK8","journalArticle","1988","Gatignon, Hubert; Anderson, Erin","The multinational corporation's degree of control over foreign subsidiaries: An empirical test of a transaction cost explanation","Journal of Law, Economics, & Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/764925","","1988","2014-11-04 21:04:37","2014-11-04 21:04:37","2014-11-04 21:04:37","305–336","","","","","","The multinational corporation's degree of control over foreign subsidiaries","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "556RVMGI","book","2007","Velychenko, Stephen.","Ukraine, the EU and Russia : history, culture and international relations","","9780230517998","","","http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0717/2007018602.html","","2007","2012-05-08 20:22:46","2014-09-04 20:27:43","2012-05-08 20:22:46","","","","","","","Ukraine, the EU and Russia","","","","","Palgrave Macmillan","Basingstoke [England]","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Russia (Federation) – Foreign relations\textbarzUkraine.; Ukraine – Foreign relations\textbarzRussia (Federation).","Russia (Federation) -- Foreign relations|zUkraine.; Ukraine -- Foreign relations|zRussia (Federation).","","","","Velychenko, Stephen.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "55KNIXAG","journalArticle","2013","Bena, Jan; Li, Kai","Corporate Ownership and International Mergers and Acquisitions","Sauder School of Business Working Paper","","","","https://mba.uiuc.edu/finance/papers/2013/Bena.pdf","","2013","2014-12-02 21:24:07","2014-12-02 21:27:32","2014-12-02 21:24:07","63","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Bena_Li_2013_(Corporate Ownership and International Mergers and Acquisitions).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "55RJ2E2E","book","1963","Arrow, Kenneth Joseph","Social choice and individual values","","","","","","","1963","2012-09-06 12:39:47","2014-09-04 20:13:26","","","124","","","","","","Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics at Yale University. Monograph","12","","","Yale University Press","New Haven","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HM271 .A7 1970","","","","","Liberty; Social values","Liberty; Social values","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","2d ed","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "55VCQE2A","book","1998","Ruggie, John Gerard","Constructing the World Polity: Essays on International Institutionalization","","","","","","","1998","2012-06-07 16:56:51","2014-09-04 20:26:05","","","","","","","","","","","","","Routledge","London","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "55XB3VW6","journalArticle","2015","Baccini, Leonardo; Dür, Andreas; Elsig, Manfred","The Politics of Trade Agreement Design: Revisiting the Depth-Flexibility Nexus","International Studies Quarterly","","00208833","10.1111/isqu.12188","http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/isqu.12188","","2015-02","2015-06-30 11:52:03","2015-06-30 11:52:03","2015-06-30 11:52:03","n/a-n/a","","","","","","The Politics of Trade Agreement Design","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Baccini et al_2015_(The Politics of Trade Agreement Design).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "569XHKS8","report","1993","Grossman, G. M; Helpman, E.","Trade wars and trade talks","","","","","","","1993","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2014-09-04 18:31:40","","","","","","","","","","","","","National Bureau of Economic Research","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "56R8NK7H","journalArticle","2015","MacKay, Joseph; Levin, Jamie","Hanging Out in International Politics: Two Kinds of Explanatory Political Ethnography for IR","International Studies Review","","1468-2486","10.1111/misr.12208","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/misr.12208/abstract","The use of ethnographic methods is on the rise in International Relations. However, research in this area has largely been constrained to critical or interpretive analysis of nontraditional objects of study. This has been driven in part by two practical problems that limit ethnographic analysis: that of aggregation, as international phenomena are necessarily large in scale, and that of access, as institutional settings are often closed or secretive. While we commend critical and nontraditional research for driving much-needed expansion of the disciplinary agenda, we offer a complementary account, arguing that scholars can also use ethnographic methods in explanatory research. To do so, we draw on two methodological literatures in anthropology. The first approximates ethnographic research through historical immersion. The second applies ethnographic methods at multiple research sites, tracking transnational phenomena across them. The paper sketches prospective studies of each kind, concerning the creation and implementation of the United Nations. While neither method is entirely new to IR, the methodological literatures in question have yet to receive systematic treatment in the field.","2015-06-01","2015-06-30 11:43:05","2015-06-30 11:43:05","2015-06-30 11:43:05","163-188","","2","17","","Int Stud Rev","Hanging Out in International Politics","","","","","","","en","© 2015 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/MacKay_Levin_2015_(Hanging Out in International Politics).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "56RG7VRS","book","1998","Rubin, Barnett R.; Snyder, Jack L.","Post-Soviet political order : conflict and state building","","0415170680","","","http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=768961&T=F","","1998","2012-05-09 15:06:50","2014-09-04 20:27:38","2012-05-09 15:06:50","","","","","","","Post-Soviet political order","","","","","Routledge","New York","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Former Soviet republics – Ethnic relations.; Former Soviet republics – Politics and government.; Post-communism – Former Soviet republics.","Former Soviet republics -- Ethnic relations.; Former Soviet republics -- Politics and government.; Post-communism -- Former Soviet republics.","","","","Rubin, Barnett R.; Snyder, Jack L.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "57ASQXWV","journalArticle","1981","Crenshaw, Martha","The Causes of Terrorism","Comparative Politics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/421717","","1981","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2012-10-25","379–399","","4","13","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1981 Ph.D. Program in Political Science of the City University of New York","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "57CIPKWX","journalArticle","2011","Rosato, Sebastian","Europe's Troubles: Power Politics and the State of the European Project","International Security","","","","http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ISEC_a_00035","The 1990s were years of great optimism in Europe. As the Europeans were putting the finishing touches on their economic community, observers predicted that political and military integration would soon follow. Optimism has turned to pessimism since the turn of the century, however. Most analysts believe that the economic community is in crisis, and hardly anyone predicts the creation of a political or military counterpart to it. Why has the European project run into trouble and what does the future hold? The answers to these questions are largely to be found in the distribution of power. It was the overwhelming power of the Soviet Union that drove the Western Europeans to consider a variety of integration initiatives and to build and maintain the European Community (EC) during the Cold War. In 1991 the collapse of the Soviet Union deprived them of a compelling geostrategic reason to pursue further integration or even to preserve their economic community. As a result, the Europeans have made no real effort to establish a political or military community over the past two decades, and the EC has slowly started to fray. As long as there are no significant changes in the balance of power going forward, worse times lie ahead.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2013-01-09","45–86","","4","35","","","Europe's Troubles","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "57GHFT5M","journalArticle","2014","Ashworth, Scott; Bueno de Mesquita, Ethan","Learning About Voter Rationality","","","","","http://home.uchicago.edu/~bdm/PDF/election_shocks.pdf","","2014","2015-01-17 23:04:09","2015-07-16 11:24:36","2015-01-17 23:04:09","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/R5P2FSDW/Learning-About-Voter-Rationality.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "57QMT47Z","journalArticle","2002","Epstein, Lee; King, Gary","The Rules of Inference","The University of Chicago Law Review","","","","","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2014-09-04 18:31:41","","","","1","69","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "57RWIDFH","journalArticle","2014","Elwert, Felix; Winship, Christopher","Endogenous Selection Bias: The Problem of Conditioning on a Collider Variable","Annual Review of Sociology","","","10.1146/annurev-soc-071913-043455","http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-071913-043455","Endogenous selection bias is a central problem for causal inference. Recognizing the problem, however, can be difficult in practice. This article introduces a purely graphical way of characterizing endogenous selection bias and of understanding its consequences (Hernán et al. 2004). We use causal graphs (direct acyclic graphs, or DAGs) to highlight that endogenous selection bias stems from conditioning (e.g., controlling, stratifying, or selecting) on a so-called collider variable, i.e., a variable that is itself caused by two other variables, one that is (or is associated with) the treatment and another that is (or is associated with) the outcome. Endogenous selection bias can result from direct conditioning on the outcome variable, a post-outcome variable, a post-treatment variable, and even a pre-treatment variable. We highlight the difference between endogenous selection bias, common-cause confounding, and overcontrol bias and discuss numerous examples from social stratification, cultural sociology, social network analysis, political sociology, social demography, and the sociology of education.","2014","2015-04-12 17:29:53","2015-04-12 17:29:53","2015-04-12 17:29:53","31-53","","1","40","","","Endogenous Selection Bias","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Elwert_Winship_2014_(Endogenous Selection Bias).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "584KISXD","journalArticle","2010","Johnson, J.","What Rationality Assumption? Or, How ‘Positive Political Theory’Rests on a Mistake","Political Studies","","","","","","2010","2012-05-19 12:58:51","2012-05-19 12:58:51","","282–299","","2","58","","","What Rationality Assumption?","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "58ICKNWA","book","2010","Kupchan, Charles","How Enemies Become Friends: The Sources of Stable Peace","","9780691142654","","","","","2010","2012-05-05 12:00:55","2014-09-04 20:24:39","","","442","","","","","How Enemies Become Friends","Princeton studies in international history and politics","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JZ5538 .K87 2010","","","","","21st century; Balance of power; International relations; National security; Peace-building; Peaceful change (International relations); World politics","21st century; Balance of power; National security; Peace-building; Peaceful change (International relations); World politics","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "58XH3K3T","journalArticle","2005","Garoupa, N. M.; Klick, J.; Parisi, F.","A law and economics perspective on terrorism","George Mason University School of Law Working Papers Series","","","","http://law.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1041&context=gmulwps","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2012-09-06","42","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "59AVEV5J","journalArticle","2006","Busch, M. L.; Reinhardt, E.","Three's a crowd: third parties and WTO dispute settlement","World Politics","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0043887100020682","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2012-11-07","446–477","","03","58","","","Three's a crowd","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "59ESINWE","journalArticle","2013","Shaver, J. Myles","Do we really need more entry mode studies?","Journal of International Business Studies","","0047-2506","10.1057/jibs.2012.24","http://www.palgrave-journals.com.proxy.library.georgetown.edu/jibs/journal/v44/n1/abs/jibs201224a.html","This commentary's title is not meant to be a rhetorical question. In congratulating Brouthers (2002) for the JIBS Decade Award, we have an opportunity to assess where we are within this field of inquiry, and what is our trajectory. I believe that we have accomplished a lot in this area of study. Nevertheless, I am concerned about its current trajectory, so much so that I think we should seriously question whether we need more entry mode studies – especially if we are going to get more of the same.","2013-01","2014-11-14 01:28:19","2014-11-14 01:28:19","2014-11-14 01:28:19","23-27","","1","44","","J Int Bus Stud","","","","","","","","","","","","","www.palgrave-journals.com.proxy.library.georgetown.edu","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Shaver_2013_(Do we really need more entry mode studies).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "59F9BXBA","journalArticle","2005","Victoroff, Jeff","The Mind of the Terrorist A Review and Critique of Psychological Approaches","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/49/1/3","This article reviews the state of the art of available theories and data regarding the psychology of terrorism. Data and theoretical material were gathered from the world's unclassified literature. Multiple theories and some demographic data have been published, but very few controlled empirical studies have been conducted investigating the psychological bases of terrorism. The field is largely characterized by theoretical speculation based on subjective interpretation of anecdotal observations. Moreover, most studies and theories fail to take into account the great heterogeneity of terrorists. Many practical, conceptual, and psychological barriers have slowed progress in this important field. Nonetheless, even at this early stage of terrorism studies, preliminary reports suggest that modifiable social and psychological factors contribute to the genesis of the terrorist mind-set. Psychological scholarship could possibly mitigate the risk of catastrophic attack by initiating the long overdue scientific study of terrorist mentalities.","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2012-09-18","3–42","","1","49","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","homeland security; psychiatry; psychology; sociology; Terrorism; terrorist","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "59IJQFZ4","report","2013","Paine, Jack","Uses and Abuses of Set-Theoretic Qualitative Methods","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2301444","An important strand of qualitative research conceptualizes causal relations in terms of sets. The core goal of set-theoretic qualitative methods (STQMs) is to infer the all of the non-trivial necessary and sufficient conditions that cause different values of the dependent variable. The leading STQM texts, unfortunately, make a number of misleading claims that artificially enhance the method’s appeal. Despite arguments about marked differences between STQMs and quantitative methods, closer analysis demonstrates many differences to be illusory. And in a major area where the two approaches do diverge - testing deterministic hypotheses - STQMs are sorely lacking. Causal claims made using STQMs arise directly from associational relationships that have been obscured by changes in the causal language. Several themes from the STQM literature can be integrated into useful research practices, but only when coupled with a clear focus on causal mechanisms. Qualitative methodology would benefit by turning away from STQM approaches.","2013","2013-09-03 10:19:33","2014-09-04 20:25:40","2013-09-03 10:19:33","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","","","Qual","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2301444","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5A44VJ57","book","2008","Koehler, Derek J.; Harvey, Nigel","Blackwell Handbook of Judgment and Decision Making","","9780470752913","","","","The Blackwell Handbook of Judgment and Decision Making is a state-of-the art overview of current topics and research in the study of how people make evaluations, draw inferences, and make decisions under conditions of uncertainty and conflict. Contains contributions by experts from various disciplines that reflect current trends and controversies on judgment and decision making. Provides a glimpse at the many approaches that have been taken in the study of judgment and decision making and portrays the major findings in the field. Presents examinations of the broader roles of social, emotional, and cultural influences on decision making. Explores applications of judgment and decision making research to important problems in a variety of professional contexts, including finance, accounting, medicine, public policy, and the law.","2008-04-15","2015-04-18 00:22:09","2015-04-18 00:22:09","","","683","","","","","","","","","","John Wiley & Sons","","en","","","","","Google Books","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Koehler_Harvey_2008_(Blackwell Handbook of Judgment and Decision Making).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5AB5WJ8B","journalArticle","2014","Olea, José Luis Montiel; Strzalecki, Tomasz","Axiomatization and Measurement of Quasi-Hyperbolic Discounting","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","0033-5533, 1531-4650","10.1093/qje/qju017","http://qje.oxfordjournals.org/content/129/3/1449","This article provides an axiomatic characterization of quasi-hyperbolic discounting and a more general class of semi-hyperbolic preferences. We impose consistency restrictions directly on the intertemporal trade-offs by relying on what we call “annuity compensations.” Our axiomatization leads naturally to an experimental design that disentangles discounting from the elasticity of intertemporal substitution. In a pilot experiment we use the partial identification approach to estimate bounds for the distributions of discount factors in the subject pool. Consistent with previous studies, we find evidence for both present and future bias. JEL Codes: C10, C99, D03, D90.","2014-08-01","2014-09-19 15:45:56","2014-09-19 15:45:56","2014-09-19 15:45:56","1449-1499","","3","129","","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","","","","","","","en","","","","","qje.oxfordjournals.org","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Olea_Strzalecki_2014_(Axiomatization and Measurement of Quasi-Hyperbolic Discounting).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5AW592DN","journalArticle","2009","Mukherjee, Bumba; Smith, Dale L.; Li, Quan","Labor (Im)mobility and the Politics of Trade Protection in Majoritarian Democracies","The Journal of Politics","","","","","The two workhorse models of trade, Heckscher-Ohlin and Ricardo-Viner, provide leverage in explaining how societal groups divide over trade protection. Tension between the two trade models has significantly influenced the scholarship of trade politics, with explanations of trade politics adopting either the factor-based approach or the industry-based framework. No study has investigated how changes in factor mobility as a continuous variable influence the change in trade protection as a policy outcome. Building on recent scholarship on factor mobility, this article models explicitly how intersectoral labor (im)mobility and political competition between parties affect changes in trade protection in majoritarian democracies. The theoretical model predicts that when intersectoral labor mobility decreases governments in majoritarian democracies are more likely to raise trade barriers. We test this prediction in a time-series, cross-sectional sample of 32 OECD and non-OECD majoritarian democracies observed between 1980 and 2000. The empirical results corroborate our theory and remain robust when we control for alternative explanations, employ different estimation techniques, and use different measures of trade protection.","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2014-09-04 18:31:53","","291–308","","01","71","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5BPA4WQP","report","2009","Pirani, Simon","Russo-Ukrainian gas disputes","","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2014-09-04 18:31:54","","","","","","","","","","","","","Oxford Institute for Energy Studies","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","December","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5C3P2ANA","journalArticle","2014","Peters, Margaret E.","Trade, Foreign Direct Investment, and Immigration Policy Making in the United States","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0020818314000150","","2014","2015-02-28 15:18:48","2015-02-28 15:18:48","2015-02-28 15:18:48","811–844","","04","68","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Peters_2014_(Trade, Foreign Direct Investment, and Immigration Policy Making in the United).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5C9TUN7E","journalArticle","1992","Weber, Steve","Shaping the Postwar Balance of Power: Multilateralism in NATO","International Organization","","","","","","1992","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","","633–680","","3","46","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","delete; rename","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5CBMZK5T","book","1998","Schmidt, Brian C","The Political Discourse of Anarchy: A Disciplinary History of International Relations","","0791435776","","","","","1998","2012-05-05 13:08:02","2014-09-04 20:26:19","","","309","","","","","The Political Discourse of Anarchy","SUNY series in global politics","","","","State University of New York Press","Albany","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JX1291 .S32 1998","","","","","International relations; Study and teaching","Study and teaching","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5CBPSCCM","book","2009","Hays, Jude C.","Globalization and the New Politics of Embedded Liberalism","","","","","","","2009","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:23:42","","","","","","","","","","","","","Oxford University Press","Oxford","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5CMNQ452","journalArticle","2012","Andrews, Isaiah; Mikusheva, Anna","A geometric approach to weakly identified econometric models","","","","","http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/71533","","2012","2014-09-29 02:04:49","2014-09-29 02:04:49","2014-09-29 02:04:49","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/IPZAV5NK/Andrews Mikusheva geometry revision.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5D5GD5KZ","journalArticle","2003","Charney, E.","Identity and liberal nationalism","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","","295–310","","2","97","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5D6CUG5E","book","2011","Hsueh, Roselyn","China's Regulatory State: A New Strategy for Globalization","","080146286X","","","","Today's China is governed by a new economic model that marks a radical break from the Mao and Deng eras; it departs fundamentally from both the East Asian developmental state and its own Communist past. It has not, however, adopted a liberal economic model. China has retained elements of statist control even though it has liberalized foreign direct investment more than any other developing country in recent years. This mode of global economic integration reveals much about China's state capacity and development strategy, which is based on retaining government control over critical sectors while meeting commitments made to the World Trade Organization.In China's Regulatory State, Roselyn Hsueh demonstrates that China only appears to be a more liberal state; even as it introduces competition and devolves economic decisionmaking, the state has selectively imposed new regulations at the sectoral level, asserting and even tightening control over industry and market development, to achieve state goals. By investigating in depth how China implemented its economic policies between 1978 and 2010, Hsueh gives the most complete picture yet of China's regulatory state, particularly as it has shaped the telecommunications and textiles industries.Hsueh contends that a logic of strategic value explains how the state, with its different levels of authority and maze of bureaucracies, interacts with new economic stakeholders to enhance its control in certain economic sectors while relinquishing control in others. Sectoral characteristics determine policy specifics although the organization of institutions and boom-bust cycles influence how the state reformulates old rules and creates new ones to maximize benefits and minimize costs after an initial phase of liberalization. This pathbreaking analysis of state goals, government-business relations, and methods of governance across industries in China also considers Japan's, South Korea's, and Taiwan's manifestly different approaches to globalization.","2011-09-01","2015-05-04 18:25:57","2015-05-04 18:26:27","","","321","","","","","China's Regulatory State","","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca, NY","en","","","","","Google Books","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5DA2TVSV","journalArticle","2005","Balzer, Harley","The Putin Thesis and Russian Energy Policy","Post-Soviet Affairs","","","10.2747/1060-586X.21.3.210","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-12-31 16:13:04","","210–225","","3","21","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5DASHMTX","journalArticle","2015","Rosenbaum, Paul R.","Two R Packages for Sensitivity Analysis in Observational Studies","Observational Studies","","","","http://obsstudies.org/files/packpaperos_published.pdf","","2015","2015-03-16 14:33:52","2015-03-16 14:34:09","2015-03-16 14:33:52","","","1","1","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Rosenbaum_2015_(Two R Packages for Sensitivity Analysis in Observational Studies).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5DINPUC7","journalArticle","2007","Kjärstad, Jan; Johnsson, Filip","The European power plant infrastructure—Presentation of the Chalmers energy infrastructure database with applications","Energy Policy","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421506005155","This paper presents a newly established database of the European power plant infrastructure (power plants, fuel infrastructure, fuel resources and CO2 storage options) for the EU25 member states (MS) and applies the database in a general discussion of the European power plant and natural gas infrastructure as well as in a simple simulation analysis of British and German power generation up to the year 2050 with respect to phase-out of existing generation capacity, fuel mix and fuel dependency. The results are discussed with respect to age structure of the current production plants, CO2 emissions, natural gas dependency and CO2 capture and storage (CCS) under stringent CO2 emission constraints. The analysis of the information from the power plant database, which includes planned projects, shows large variations in power plant infrastructure between the MS and a clear shift to natural gas-fuelled power plants during the last decade. The data indicates that this shift may continue in the short-term up to 2010 since the majority of planned plants are natural gas fired. The gas plants are, however, geographically concentrated to southern and northwest Europe. The data also shows large activities in the upstream gas sector to accommodate the ongoing shift to gas with pipelines, liquefaction plants and regasification terminals being built and gas fields being prepared for production. At the same time, utilities are integrating upwards in the fuel chain in order to secure supply while oil and gas companies are moving downwards the fuel chain to secure access to markets. However, it is not yet possible to state whether the ongoing shift to natural gas will continue in the medium term, i.e. after 2010, since this will depend on a number of factors as specified below. Recently there have also been announcements for construction of a number of new coal plants. The results of the simulations for the German and British power sector show that combination of a relatively low growth rate in power generation, ambitious national plans on renewables together with a strong expansion in the use of natural gas can meet national reduction targets in CO2 emissions. However, for both countries this will result in a strong dependency on natural gas. Successful application of CO2 capture will reduce this dependency, since this would allow for a significant amount of coal-based generation, which will contribute to security of supply.","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2013-01-24","3643–3664","","7","35","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","CO2 storage; Power plants; Security of supply","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5DZ99FHR","journalArticle","2002","Reckwitz, Andreas","Toward a Theory of Social Practices: A Development in Culturalist Theorizing","European Journal of Social Theory","","","","","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","","243–263","","2","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","after the; have; interpreta-; in the complex landscape; of contemporary social theories; of the 1970s; or; practice theories; s action s culture; s knowledge s practice; s wittgenstein; theories of social practices; tive turn","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5E2MQHBE","journalArticle","2009","Foerster, Amy","Contested Bodies","International Feminist Journal of Politics","","1461-6742","10.1080/14616740902789500","http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14616740902789500","This article utilizes an organizational analysis to examine the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in the sex trafficking debate, and argues that, much like other organizations, NGOs respond to a host of external and environmental factors that alter their behavior and influence their opportunity for success. In this case, organizational competition between NGOs, the emergence of faith-based organizations (FBOs) as additional competitors and the primacy of US government agencies in providing funding have influenced the forms of organizational strategy implemented by NGOs, driven deeper divisions between feminist NGOs combating trafficking and, ultimately, undermined the ability of NGOs to serve as advocates on the global stage.","2009-06-01","2015-04-15 21:00:01","2015-04-15 21:00:01","2015-04-15 21:00:01","151-173","","2","11","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Taylor and Francis+NEJM","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5EH634UU","journalArticle","1998","Byman, Daniel","The logic of ethnic terrorism","Studies in Conflict & Terrorism","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10576109808436060","Ethnic terrorism differs considerably from violence carried out for ideological, religious, or financial motives. Ethnic terrorists often seek to influence their own constituencies more than the country as a whole. Ethnic terrorists frequently seek to foster communal identity, in contrast to an identity proposed by the state. Ethnic terrorists often target potential intermediaries, who might otherwise compromise on identity issues. A secondary goal of the attacks is to create a climate of fear among a rival group's population. Ethnic terrorism creates a difficult problem for the state: conventional countermeasures may engender broader support for an insurgency or a separatist movement even when they hamstring or defeat a specific terrorist group. Because state strategies often backfire, an ideal strategy is to compel “in group” policing—encouraging ethnic moderates through carrots as well as sticks to punish radical activity.","1998","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2012-09-07","149–169","","2","21","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5EIMTZUE","report","2013","Diermeier, Daniel; Egorov, Georgy; Sonin, Konstantin","Endogenous Property Rights","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2327412","It is often argued that additional checks and balances provide economic agents with better protection from expropriation of their wealth or productive capital. We demonstrate that in a dynamic political economy model this intuition may be awed. Surprisingly, increasing the number of veto players or the majority requirement for redistribution may reduce property right protection on the equilibrium path. The reason is the existence of two distinct mechanisms of property rights protection. One are formal constraints that allow individuals or groups to block any redistribution which is not in their favor. The other occurs in equilibrium where agents without such powers protect each other from redistribution. Players without formal blocking power anticipate that the expropriation of other similar players will ultimately hurt them and thus combine their inuence to prevent redistributions. Yet, such incentives can be undermined by adding formal constraints. The ip-side of this e¤ect is that individual investment e¤orts might require coordination. The model also predicts that the distribution of wealth in societies with weaker formal institutions (smaller supermajority requirements) among players without veto power will tend to be more homogenous.","2013-12-01","2014-09-16 12:05:46","2014-09-16 12:05:46","2014-09-16 12:05:46","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Diermeier et al_2013_(Endogenous Property Rights).pdf","","","institutions; legislative bargaining; political economy; property rights","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2327412","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5ENNK3I4","journalArticle","2012","Kirshner, J.","The tragedy of offensive realism: Classical realism and the rise of China","European Journal of International Relations","","","","","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","","53–75","","1","18","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5EZIT5N7","journalArticle","2014","Bas, M. A.; Signorino, C. S.; Whang, T.","Knowing one's future preferences: A correlated agent model with Bayesian updating","Journal of Theoretical Politics","","0951-6298, 1460-3667","10.1177/0951629813482054","http://jtp.sagepub.com/cgi/doi/10.1177/0951629813482054","","2014-01-01","2014-09-04 20:32:21","2014-09-04 20:32:21","2014-09-04 20:32:21","3-34","","1","26","","","Knowing one's future preferences","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Bas et al_2014_(Knowing one's future preferences).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5F86RQQM","journalArticle","2010","Wedeen, Lisa","Reflections on Ethnographic Work in Political Science","Annual Review of Political Science","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.polisci.11.052706.123951","The objectivist truth claims traditionally pressed by most political scientists have made the use of ethnographic methods particularly fraught in the discipline. This article explores what ethnography as a method entails. It makes distinctions between positivist and interpretivist ethnographies and highlights some of the substantive contributions ethnography has made to the study of politics. Lamenting the discipline's abandonment of a conversation with anthropology after Geertz, this review also insists on moving beyond the anthropological controversies so powerfully expressed in the edited volume Writing Culture (1986) and other texts of the 1980s and 1990s. I contend that interpretive social science does not have to forswear generalizations or causal explanations and that ethnographic methods can be used in the service of establishing them. Rather than fleeing from abstractions, ethnographies can and should help ground them.","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2012-09-06","255–272","","1","13","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","culture; falsifiability; interpretive social science; objectivity; participant observation","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5FGZUJQK","journalArticle","2010","Balzacq, T.","Constructivism and securitization studies","The Routledge Handbook of Security Studies, London: Routledge, forthcoming","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2014-09-04 18:31:54","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5FNDNZUJ","journalArticle","1988","Alt, James E.; Calvert, Randall L.; Humes, Brian D.","Reputation and hegemonic stability: A game-theoretic analysis","The American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/1957395","","1988","2013-10-10 12:53:01","2013-10-10 12:53:01","2013-10-10 12:53:01","445–466","","","","","","Reputation and hegemonic stability","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5FPEGVEJ","journalArticle","2004","Miguel, Edward; Satyanath, Shanker; Sergenti, Ernest","Economic shocks and civil conflict: An instrumental variables approach","Journal of Political Economy","","","","http://emiguel.econ.berkeley.edu/assets/miguel_research/47/_Paper__Economic_Shocks_and_Civil_Conflict.pdf","Estimating the impact of economic conditions on the likelihood of civil conflict is difficult because of endogeneity and omitted variable bias. We use rainfall variation as an instrumental variable for economic growth in 41 African countries during 1981–99. Growth is strongly negatively related to civil conflict: a negative growth shock of five percentage points increases the likelihood of conflict by one‐half the following year. We attempt to rule out other channels through which rainfall may affect conflict. Surprisingly, the impact of growth shocks on conflict is not significantly different in richer, more democratic, or more ethnically diverse countries.","2004","2015-01-21 23:21:19","2015-01-21 23:23:53","2015-01-21 23:21:19","725–753","","4","112","","","Economic shocks and civil conflict","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2004/Miguel et al_2004_(Economic shocks and civil conflict)2.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5FUGMWQI","journalArticle","2010","Bernauer, Thomas; Kalbhenn, Anna; Koubi, Vally; Spilker, Gabriele","A comparison of international and domestic sources of global governance dynamics","British Journal of Political Science","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/production/action/cjoGetFulltext?fulltextid=7834676","","2010","2015-04-12 18:29:37","2015-04-12 18:29:37","2015-04-12 18:29:37","509–538","","3","40","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Bernauer et al_2010_(A comparison of international and domestic sources of global governance dynamics).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5FVUSF2C","journalArticle","2011","Kornprobst, Markus","The agent's logics of action: defining and mapping political judgement","International Theory","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","","70–104","","01","3","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","agency; creativity; do; figure out what to; how do individual actors; it is obviously the; judgement; key question for research; logics of action; practical; question for studying politics; reason; resonance; structuration; this is an inevitable","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5FWFQXW3","journalArticle","2010","Lupu, Y.; Voeten, E.","Precedent in International Courts: A Network Analysis of Case Citations by the European Court of Human Rights","British Journal of Political Science","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","","1–27","","1","1","","","Precedent in International Courts","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5G63KPE5","journalArticle","2006","Gourlay, Stephen","Towards conceptual clarity for ‘tacit knowledge’: a review of empirical studies","Knowledge Management Research & Practice","","1477-8238, 1477-8246","10.1057/palgrave.kmrp.8500082","http://www.palgrave-journals.com/kmrp/journal/v4/n1/abs/8500082a.html","","2006-02","2012-11-09 22:06:31","2013-09-03 07:51:25","2012-11-09 22:06:31","60-69","","1","4","","","Towards conceptual clarity for ‘tacit knowledge’","","","","","","","","","","","","CrossRef","","","","; ","; ","Practice/ANT","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5GFTX6WC","book","2001","Sedikides, C.; Brewer, M. B.","Individual self, relational self, collective self","","","","","","","2001","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:26:25","","","","","","","","","","","","","Psychology Press","Philadelphia","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5GN8A27D","book","1999","Van Evera, Stephen","Causes of War: Power and the Roots of Conflict","","0801432014","","","","","1999","2012-05-05 13:35:10","2014-09-04 20:27:09","","","270","","","","","Causes of War","Cornell studies in security affairs","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","U21.2 .V34 1999","","","","","Balance of power; Case studies; International relations; War","Balance of power; Case studies","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5GQGBU96","report","2013","Chaudoin, Stephen; Kucik, Jeffrey; Pelc, Krzysztof J.","Do WTO Disputes Actually Increase Trade?","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2299651","At a time when multilateral trade negotiations are failing, the World Trade Organization's Dispute Settlement Understanding (DSU) is widely seen as the paragon of legalized dispute settlement and is thought to play a key role in liberalizing world trade. We ask a simple empirical question with important theoretical implications: do WTO disputes increase trade? We systematically analyze the effects of WTO disputes on a country's imports at the product level.We find that WTO disputes do not, on average, increase a country's imports of the products at issue. We find only very specific effects of disputes based on the dispute outcome and issue-area. We find significant variation across countries in their responsiveness to disputes, yet that most common explanations cannot account for this variation. This article highlights and begins to fill a significant gap in our understanding of the purpose of the WTO and its effects on trade.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2016-04-26 14:55:05","2013-09-02","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","","","","","","","Dispute Settlement; International trade; WTO","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2299651","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5HM354FK","webpage","2015","Boersma, Tim","The end of the Russian energy weapon (that arguably was never there)","The Brookings Institution","","","","http://www.brookings.edu/blogs/order-from-chaos/posts/2015/03/05-end-of-russian-energy-weapon-boersma","The crisis in Ukraine once again revived the fierce debate about Europe’s dependence on Russian energy resources. Despite this debate, writes Tim Boersma, most of Europe is not really vulnerable to Russian energy coercion. Those small pockets that are dependent have steadily decreased their vulnerability to coercion not by avoiding Russian energy but diversifying supply and increasing market integration. All told this mean that Russia no longer has an energy weapon against Europe. Arguably, it never did.","2015-03-05","2015-03-06 21:54:21","2015-03-06 21:54:42","2015-03-06 21:54:21","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5IEBW54I","report","2012","Armanious, Amir N. R.","MENA Stock Markets Integration: The Case Study of Agadir Agreement Countries","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2103973","The Agadir Agreement has been reasonably successful, as it builds heavily on existing regional and bilateral initiatives. Since there is not a single MENA stock market, the main objective of this study is to examine the stock markets integration among the four Agadir Agreement countries (Egypt, Tunisia, Jordon and Morocco) and to investigate whether the integration of the MENA stock markets has increased after the Agadir Agreement. Their interrelationships with five international markets, the U.S., EMU, UK, Japan and GCC are also examined. To attain this objective the study applies recent econometric techniques on the daily time series of stock price indices. Testing the dependencies in daily stock prices are studied using co-integration techniques correlation matrix and variance decomposition for equity indices, returns and volatility between the MENA markets and other financial centers. The motivation behind this study is that, although a lot of research has been focused on stock market integration, the emphasis has been mostly on developed markets. Stock market integration in the MENA region has not been investigated deeply enough despite the region being of a global economic and political importance. The main conclusions of this empirical study show that the Agadir stock markets presented a moderate degree of integration before Agadir Agreement. Therefore the negative correlation and returns among the Agadir member states after Agadir Agreement is mainly due to the global financial crisis and the European sovereign debt crisis which represents financial fragility as the negative correlation is higher between the Agadir members and other international exchanges like EMU, U.S., UK, Japan, and GCC. The Agadir exchanges are acquiring a major importance especially after the Arab Spring in Tunisia and Egypt. It could be explained by the Agadir Agreement having increased the possibilities of international diversification of portfolios and the adjustment of each exchange to the benchmark of the more efficient markets.","2012-03-21","2015-08-24 18:16:54","2015-08-24 18:16:54","2015-08-24 18:16:54","","","","","","","MENA Stock Markets Integration","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Armanious_2012_(MENA Stock Markets Integration).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2103973","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5IFADNHT","journalArticle","1995","Przeworski, Adam; Salomon, Frank","The art of writing proposals: some candid suggestions for applicants to social science research council competitions","Social Science Research Council (distribuït pel professor). Serà distribuït a classe","","","","http://www.msu.edu/course/aec/874/Pages/Wiley.1995.Przeworski_and_Salomon.Art_of_Writing_Proposals-SSRC.pdf","","1995","2014-10-02 11:42:47","2014-10-02 11:42:47","2014-10-02 11:42:47","","","","","","","The art of writing proposals","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1995/Przeworski_Salomon_1995_(The art of writing proposals).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5IGHX27H","journalArticle","2009","Blyth, Mark","Torn Between Two Lovers? Caught in the Middle of British and American IPE","New Political Economy","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13563460903087458","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-09-04 18:31:47","","329–336","","3","14","","","Torn Between Two Lovers?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5JB4JMZM","journalArticle","2013","Mazaheri, Nimah","The Saudi monarchy and economic familism in an era of business environment reforms","Business and Politics","","1469-3569","10.1515/bap-2012-0039","http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/bap.2013.15.issue-3/bap-2012-0039/bap-2012-0039.xml","In recent years, Saudi Arabia has strengthened its regulatory and financial institutions and adopted many reforms concerning its business environment. Yet, Saudi Arabia seems an unlikely country to succeed at implementing business environment reforms given the presence of an authoritarian state and rent-seeking behavior from elites that is the outcome of oil wealth. What explains the ability of Saudi Arabia to initiate reforms that many states have struggled to implement or uniformly reject? This paper argues that the country’s monarchical system helps the government solve the credible commitment problem with private sector elites, thereby facilitating business environment reforms. The monarchical system does this by legitimizing and reinforcing the institution of economic familism. The salience of this institution provides a reliable guarantee to private sector elites that their rents and business interests will be protected during the reform process. The case of Saudi Arabia stands as an important example of how absolute monarchies can pursue certain economic reforms, and also how an informal institution can solve the credible commitment problem in an authoritarian context where formal institutions are either absent or weak.","2013","2015-12-09 20:41:11","2015-12-09 20:41:11","2015-12-09 20:41:11","295–321","","3","15","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","DeGruyter","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Mazaheri_2013_(The Saudi monarchy and economic familism in an era of business environment).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5JJTQ7EX","journalArticle","2015","Atems, Bebonchu; Kapper, Devin; Lam, Eddery","Do exchange rates respond asymmetrically to shocks in the crude oil market?","Energy Economics","","0140-9883","10.1016/j.eneco.2015.01.027","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988315000547","The paper argues that exchange rates respond asymmetrically to different shocks to the crude oil market. We apply Kilian's (2009) methodology to disentangle shocks to the crude oil market into distinct demand and supply shocks, and examine the response of the U.S. real and nominal trade-weighted U.S. dollar exchange rate indexes, as well as six other bilateral exchange rates to these shocks. Our analysis indicates that oil supply shocks have no significant effects on exchange rates, while global aggregate demand and oil-specific demand shocks lead to depreciations. We further show that exchange rates respond asymmetrically to shocks in the crude market depending on whether the shocks are large versus small, or positive versus negative.","2015-05","2015-06-30 11:43:23","2015-06-30 11:43:23","2015-06-30 11:43:23","227-238","","","49","","Energy Economics","","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Atems et al_2015_(Do exchange rates respond asymmetrically to shocks in the crude oil market).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5JS8S3KZ","journalArticle","2002","Doran, Michael","The Pragmatic Fanaticism of al Qaeda: An Anatomy of Extremism in Middle Eastern Politics","Political Science Quarterly","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/798179","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2012-10-26","177–190","","2","117","","","The Pragmatic Fanaticism of al Qaeda","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2002 The Academy of Political Science","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5JVX675H","journalArticle","2004","Greif, Avner; Laitin, David D.","A theory of endogenous institutional change","American Political Science Review","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0003055404041395","","2004","2015-03-21 16:39:00","2015-03-21 16:39:00","2015-03-21 16:39:00","633–652","","04","98","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2004/Greif_Laitin_2004_(A theory of endogenous institutional change).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5K9PKZHR","journalArticle","2010","Levy, J. S.; Thompson, W. R.","Balancing on Land and at Sea: Do States Ally against the Leading Global Power?","International Security","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","","7–43","","1","35","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5KDUGVCA","journalArticle","2008","Hofmann, Thomas; Schölkopf, Bernhard; Smola, Alexander J.","Kernel methods in machine learning","The Annals of Statistics","","0090-5364","10.1214/009053607000000677","http://projecteuclid.org/euclid.aos/1211819561","","2008-06","2015-04-29 17:52:37","2015-04-29 17:52:37","2015-04-29 17:52:37","1171-1220","","3","36","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Hofmann et al_2008_(Kernel methods in machine learning).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5M2PHK3G","journalArticle","2011","Allee, Todd; Peinhardt, Clint","Contingent credibility: The impact of investment treaty violations on foreign direct investment","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0020818311000099","","2011","2014-10-31 13:44:15","2014-10-31 13:44:15","2014-10-31 13:44:15","401–432","","03","65","","","Contingent credibility","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5M3F64P6","journalArticle","2003","Jensen, Nathan M.","Democratic Governance and Multinational Corporations: Political Regimes and Inflows of Foreign Direct Investment","International Organization","","","10.1017/S0020818303573040","","","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-11-24 01:01:47","","587–616","","03","57","","","Democratic Governance and Multinational Corporations","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5MFKHFCX","bookSection","2012","Rai, Varun; Victor, David G.","Awakening Giant: Strategy and Performance of the Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC)","Oil and Governance: State-owned enterprises and the world energy supply","","","","http://books.google.ca/books?hl=en&lr=&id=pBuV5z_hnngC&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&dq=Oil+and+governance:+state-owned+enterprises+and+the+world+energy+supply&ots=I_gTiZv4wM&sig=HGYZv7fPFHPpdXOQOFeMUmYgivE","","2012","2015-06-24 11:02:41","2015-06-24 11:03:43","2013-10-09 21:09:46","334-371","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge, UK","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Rai_Victor_2012_(Awakening Giant).pdf","","Energy","","Victor, David G.; Hults, David R.; Thurber, Mark C.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5MINDK2E","journalArticle","2015","Ornston, Darius; Schulze-Cleven, Tobias","Conceptualizing Cooperation Coordination and Concertation as Two Logics of Collective Action","Comparative Political Studies","","0010-4140, 1552-3829","10.1177/0010414014554690","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/48/5/555","Despite recognizing that institutionalized cooperation is central to both business and politics in many advanced, industrialized economies, scholars remain divided over the origins, character, and future of “non-liberal” capitalism. This article seeks to clarify these debates by arguing that different processes of cooperation are governed by distinct logics of collective action and associated with different dynamics of collaboration. For example, coordination, or cooperation in production, is harder to create but more likely to facilitate companies’ upmarket movement. By contrast, concertation, or cooperation in policy making, is more amenable to state intervention but less durable. The analysis is based on detailed case studies of Germany and Ireland, which vary in their relative reliance on concertation and coordination. Selected references to shadow cases—displaying neither or both forms of cooperation—complement the analysis.","2015-04-01","2015-03-16 14:11:34","2015-03-16 14:11:34","2015-03-16 14:11:34","555-585","","5","48","","Comparative Political Studies","","","","","","","","en","","","","","cps.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Ornston_Schulze-Cleven_2015_(Conceptualizing Cooperation Coordination and Concertation as Two Logics of).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5MRQM7DR","journalArticle","2010","Kalyvas, S. N.; Balcells, L","International System and Technologies of Rebellion: How the End of the Cold War Shaped Internal Conflict","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","","415–429","","03","104","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5MW6V9H8","journalArticle","1979","Schwartz, A.","Aristotle on Education and Choice*","Educational Theory","","","","","","1979","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","","97–107","","2","29","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5MWBNEEM","journalArticle","1998","Al-Moneef, Majed A.","Vertical Integration Strategies of the National Oil Companies","The Developing Economies","","1746-1049","10.1111/j.1746-1049.1998.tb00217.x","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1746-1049.1998.tb00217.x/abstract","","1998-06-01","2015-04-08 01:56:22","2015-04-08 01:56:22","2015-04-08 01:56:22","203-222","","2","36","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1998/Al-Moneef_1998_(Vertical Integration Strategies of the National Oil Companies).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5NAF6RVM","journalArticle","2013","Abdelal, Rawi","The profits of power: Commerce and realpolitik in Eurasia","Review of International Political Economy","","0969-2290","10.1080/09692290.2012.666214","http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09692290.2012.666214","Although the energy trade is the single most important element of nearly all European countries’ relations with Russia, Europe has been divided by both worldview and practice. Why, in the face of the common challenge of dependence on imported Russian gas, have national reactions to such vulnerability varied so dramatically across the continent? And why have a handful of French, German, and Italian corporations somehow taken responsibility for formulating the energy strategy – and thus the Russia policy – for essentially all of Europe? The resolutions of these two puzzles are, I show, interlinked; they also demand theoretical innovation. With several case studies – of Gazprom's decision-making during the 2006 and 2009 gas crises, and of the response of western and central Europe to their gas dependence – I find that: firms are driving these political outcomes; those firms are motivated by profits but employ sociological conventions along their ways; and firms generally seek the necessary inter-firm, cross-border cooperation that will deliver corporate performance. Finally, I conclude that the field will ultimately require a framework that puts firms at its center.","2013-06-01","2015-04-12 17:39:53","2015-04-12 17:39:53","2015-04-12 17:39:53","421-456","","3","20","","","The profits of power","","","","","","","","","","","","Taylor and Francis+NEJM","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Abdelal_2013_(The profits of power).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5NRR2XRW","journalArticle","1996","Heller, Kevin Jon","Power, Subjectification and Resistance in Foucault","SubStance","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3685230","","1996","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","","78–110","","1","25","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1996 University of Wisconsin Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5P8IGAMK","journalArticle","","Lin, Kun-Chin; Miller, Rory","Lessons Learnt: Adapting to the Arab Spring","AHRC Policy Series","","","","http://www.ahrc.ac.uk/News-and-Events/Publications/Documents/Lessons-Learnt-Terrorism-and-the-Media.pdf","","","2015-05-06 10:49:52","2015-05-06 10:50:42","2015-05-06 10:49:52","","","","7","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files/Lin_Miller_(Lessons Learnt).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5PA7HBBZ","journalArticle","2015","Keele, Luke","The Discipline of Identification","PS: Political Science & Politics","","1537-5935","10.1017/S1049096514001826","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1049096514001826","","2015-01","2015-02-23 19:06:46","2015-02-23 19:06:46","2015-02-23 19:06:46","102–106","","01","48","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Keele_2015_(The Discipline of Identification).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5PPEHH3A","journalArticle","1993","Collier, David; Mahon, James E.; Jr","Conceptual ""Stretching"" Revisited: Adapting Categories in Comparative Analysis","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2938818","When scholars extend their models and hypotheses to encompass additional cases, they commonly need to adapt their analytic categories to fit the new contexts. Giovanni Sartori's work on conceptual ""traveling"" and conceptual ""stretching"" provides helpful guidance in addressing this fundamental task of comparative analysis. Yet Sartori's framework draws upon what may be called classical categorization, which views the relation among categories in terms of a taxonomic hierarchy, with each category having clear boundaries and defining properties shared by all members. We examine the challenge to this framework presented by two types of nonclassical categories: family resemblances and radial categories. With such categories, the overly strict application of a classical framework can lead to abandoning to category prematurely or to modifying it inappropriately. We discuss solutions to these problems, using examples of how scholars have adapted their categories in comparative research on democracy and authoritarianism.","1993","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2014-09-04 18:31:53","","845–855","","4","87","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1993 American Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5PSJWBN7","journalArticle","2009","Kamrava, Mehran","Royal factionalism and political liberalization in Qatar","The Middle East Journal","","","","http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/mej/summary/v063/63.3.kamrava.html","","2009","2015-12-08 20:40:21","2015-12-08 20:40:21","2015-12-08 20:40:21","401–420","","3","63","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Kamrava_2009_(Royal factionalism and political liberalization in Qatar).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5PTRR29S","journalArticle","2012","Lin, Kun-Chin","Politics and the Market in Twenty-First-Century China: Strategies of Authoritarian Management of State–Society Relations","Political Studies Review","","1478-9302","10.1111/j.1478-9302.2011.00249.x","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1478-9302.2011.00249.x/abstract","The four volumes reviewed in this article examine the common theme of the sustainability of China's authoritarian regime as it faces tremendous centripetal forces of market expansion, increased administrative complexity, and social differentiation brought about by the post-Mao Zedong reforms. I argue that the shared focus of several authors on the Chinese Communist party's exercise of individual-level controls – either through internal disciplinary and reward mechanisms or through the strategic co-optation of private interests and civil society groups – provides valuable insights into the organisational basis of authority and exchange emanating from the party-state. At the same time, this perspective manifests inherent biases in accurately assessing the authoritarian government's adaptive capacities under changing circumstances. Further research is needed on local structures where state power encounters social resistance, producing as yet un-institutionalised processes of insecure compromise. Landry, P. F. (2008) Decentralized Authoritarianism in China: The Communist Party's Control of Local Elites in the Post-Mao Era. New York: Cambridge University Press. Dickson, B. J. (2008) Wealth into Power: The Communist Party's Embrace of China's Private Sector. New York: Cambridge University Press. Tsai, L. L. (2007) Accountability without Democracy. New York: Cambridge University Press. Perry, E. and Goldman, M. (eds) (2007) Grassroots Political Reform in Contemporary China. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.","2012-01-01","2015-04-29 08:30:25","2015-04-29 08:30:25","2015-04-29 08:30:25","73-84","","1","10","","","Politics and the Market in Twenty-First-Century China","","","","","","","en","© 2012 The Author. Political Studies Review © 2012 Political Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Lin_2012_(Politics and the Market in Twenty-First-Century China)2.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5QGIEQ6T","journalArticle","1953","Harsanyi, John C.","Cardinal utility in welfare economics and in the theory of risk-taking","The Journal of Political Economy","","","","http://blog.cenet.org.cn/uploadimages/200312615325429221.pdf","","1953","2015-03-16 16:54:13","2015-03-16 17:01:01","2015-03-16 16:54:13","434","","5","61","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1953/Harsanyi_1953_(Cardinal utility in welfare economics and in the theory of risk-taking).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5QKFR3SI","book","2002","","The emergence of private authority in global governance","","0521818613","","","","","2002","2014-11-07 17:25:43","2014-11-07 17:25:56","","","248","","","","","","Cambridge studies in international relations","85","","","Cambridge University Press","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","K250 .E46 2002","","","","","","","Hall, Rodney Bruce; Biersteker, Thomas J.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5QR3WCAS","report","2013","Lahn, Glada; Stevens, Paul; Preston, Felix","Saving Oil and Gas in the Gulf","","","","","http://www.chathamhouse.org//node/6845","The systemic waste of oil and gas in the Gulf is eroding economic resilience to shocks and increasing security risks, including to citizens' health. Success or failure in setting and meeting sustainable energy goals in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries will have a global impact.","2013","2015-06-20 10:38:00","2015-06-20 10:38:48","2015-06-20 10:38:00","","","","","","","","","","","","Chatham House: The Royal Institute of International Affairs","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Lahn et al_2013_(Saving Oil and Gas in the Gulf).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5R5TS3SX","book","2006","Gelman, Andrew; Hill, Jennifer","Data analysis using regression and multilevel/hierarchical models","","","","","http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=c9xLKzZWoZ4C&oi=fnd&pg=PR17&dq=hierarchical+models+for+causal+effects&ots=baN5K1Onr8&sig=NJq5pRbsRVOpl4rV6ws3WFQYlX0","","2006","2014-09-30 14:39:45","2014-11-28 20:50:31","2014-09-30 14:39:45","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","New York","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2006/Gelman_Hill/Gelman_Hill_2006_Data analysis using regression and multilevel-hierarchical models.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5R7W7T43","journalArticle","2007","Morrow, James D.","When Do States Follow the Laws of War?","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","","559","","03","101","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5RR5ZAIK","journalArticle","2002","Whitefield, Stephen","Political Clevages and Post-Communist Politics","Annual Review of Political Science","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.polisci.5.112601.144242","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2012-06-21","181–200","","1","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5RV4UGMX","journalArticle","2002","Asche, Frank; Osmundsen, Petter; Tveter\a as, Ragnar","European market integration for gas? Volume flexibility and political risk","Energy Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988302000038","Long-term take-or-pay contracts regulating gas exports to the Continent are described and analyzed. We thereafter examine whether the German gas market is integrated. Time series of Norwegian, Dutch and Russian gas export prices to Germany in 1990–1998 are examined. Cointegration tests show that that the different border prices for gas to Germany move proportionally over time, indicating an integrated gas market. We find differences in mean prices, with Russian gas being sold at prices systematically lower than Dutch and Norwegian gas. Among the explanatory factors for price discrepancies are differences in volume flexibility (swing) and perceived political risk.","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2013-09-03","249–265","","3","24","","","European market integration for gas?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cointegration test; Gas markets; Market integration","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5SFEPTIF","journalArticle","2015","Kornprobst, Markus","Building agreements upon agreements: The European Union and grand strategy","European Journal of International Relations","","1354-0661, 1460-3713","10.1177/1354066114535273","http://ejt.sagepub.com/content/21/2/267","What explains the European Union’s successes and failures in producing a grand strategy? Conceptualizing grand strategy as a composite commonplace linking together understandings of scene, agent, purpose and means (tetrad), I contend that the European Union has a grand strategy. In the early 1990s, advocates succeeded in institutionalizing the diffusion strategy. A decade later, however, the advocates of the European Security Strategy failed to do so. My explanation of this descriptive finding focuses on the constellation of prior agreements on the components of the tetrad. In both cases, widely taken-for-granted agreements on a recently shifted scene (security environment) provided openings for the advocates. But only the advocates of diffusion had the opportunity to work with equally widely taken-for-granted agreements on agent (identity), purpose (interest) and means (power). The advocates for the European Security Strategy, by contrast, were lacking such a favourable social context. Borrowing from rhetorical studies, this study makes a threefold contribution to the study of grand strategy. It moves beyond the literature’s statism; shows that grand strategy is constituted by interpretations not just of power and interest, but also of the security environment and identity; and clarifies that explanations of the making of grand strategy need to inquire into the making of agreements rather than merely the interplay of material forces. My findings that the European Union has a grand strategy and came to adopt it by building a new agreement upon already-existing ones also have implications for the study of European Union foreign policy and International Relations Theory.","2015-06-01","2015-06-30 11:00:19","2015-06-30 11:00:19","2015-06-30 11:00:19","267-292","","2","21","","European Journal of International Relations","Building agreements upon agreements","","","","","","","en","","","","","ejt.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Kornprobst_2015_(Building agreements upon agreements).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5T29GFK9","bookSection","1986","Ashley, Richard K.","The Poverty of Neorealism","Neorealism and its Critics","","","","","","1986","2012-05-05 13:14:08","2014-09-04 20:13:28","","255-300","","","","","","","","","","","Columbia University Press","New York","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","Keohane, R. O.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5T5F9I7T","journalArticle","1996","Lake, David A.","Anarchy, Hierarchy, and the Variety of International Relations","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2706997","Security relations between states vary along a continuum from anarchic alliances to hierarchic empires. This continuum, in turn, is defined by the parties' rights of residual control. The state's choice between alternatives is explained in a theory of relational contracting as a function of the expected costs of opportunism, which decline with relational hierarchy, and governance costs, which rise with relational hierarchy. A comparison of early postwar relations between the United States and Western Europe and the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe illustrates the theory.","1996","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","","1–33","","1","50","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1996 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5TDT94PV","journalArticle","2011","Al‐mulali, Usama; Sab, Che Normee Binti Che","The impact of oil prices on the real exchange rate of the dirham: a case study of the United Arab Emirates (UAE)","OPEC Energy Review","","","","http://econpapers.repec.org/article/blaopecrv/v_3a35_3ay_3a2011_3ai_3a4_3ap_3a384-399.htm","","2011","2015-09-14 21:09:05","2015-09-14 21:09:05","2015-09-14 21:09:05","384-399","","4","35","","","The impact of oil prices on the real exchange rate of the dirham","","","","","","","","","","","","RePEc - Econpapers","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/QTS9EK54/v_3a35_3ay_3a2011_3ai_3a4_3ap_3a384-399.html","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5TEFDRND","journalArticle","2006","Slantchev, Branislav L.","Politicians, the media, and domestic audience costs","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2006.00409.x/full","","2006","2013-05-13 14:56:36","2014-09-04 20:26:39","2013-05-13 14:56:36","445–477","","2","50","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","; ","http://escholarship.org/uc/item/58c3h5zg.pdf; http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2006.00409.x/full","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5TSHU3XJ","journalArticle","2008","Cook, Thomas D.","“Waiting for life to arrive”: a history of the regression-discontinuity design in psychology, statistics and economics","Journal of Econometrics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304407607001108","","2008","2015-02-02 23:07:03","2015-02-02 23:07:03","2015-02-02 23:07:03","636–654","","2","142","","","“Waiting for life to arrive”","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Cook_2008_(“Waiting for life to arrive”).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5U5KW7F7","journalArticle","2014","Kerner, Andrew; Lawrence, Jane","What's the Risk? Bilateral Investment Treaties, Political Risk and Fixed Capital Accumulation","British Journal of Political Science","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0007123412000725","This article argues that the political risk associated with foreign direct investment (FDI) is primarily a function of investment in fixed-capital, and not a homogeneous feature of FDI. As such, empirical tests of a political institution's ability to mitigate political risk should focus directly on investments in fixed capital and not on more highly aggregated measures of multinational corporation (MNC) activity, such as FDI flow and stock data that are affected by the accumulation of liquid assets in foreign affiliates. We apply this to the study of bilateral investment treaties (BITs). We find that BITs with the United States correlate positively with investments in fixed capital and have little, if any, correlation with other measures of MNC activity.","2014","2014-11-05 13:09:54","2014-11-05 13:10:35","2014-11-05 13:09:54","107–121","","01","44","","","What's the Risk?","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5UDK6RZI","journalArticle","2007","Gerring, John; McDermott, Rose","An experimental template for case study research","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2007.00275.x/full","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2013-03-04","688–701","","3","51","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5UZH9AID","journalArticle","2004","Nye, Joseph S.","Soft Power and American Foreign Policy","Political Science Quarterly","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","","255–270","","2","119","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5V4WNFZ2","journalArticle","2015","Simmons, Randy T.; Yonk, Ryan M.","The empty intersection: why so little public choice in political science?","Public Choice","","0048-5829, 1573-7101","10.1007/s11127-015-0265-8","http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11127-015-0265-8","","2015-06-18","2015-06-19 09:42:11","2015-06-19 09:42:11","2015-06-19 09:42:11","1-12","","","","","Public Choice","The empty intersection","","","","","","","en","","","","","link.springer.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Simmons_Yonk_2015_(The empty intersection).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5VNWK453","journalArticle","1992","Livingston, Steven G.","The Politics of International Agenda-Setting: Reagan and North-South Relations","International Studies Quarterly","","","","","","1992","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","","313–329","","3","36","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5WAMSWK5","journalArticle","2009","Robinson, Gregory; McNulty, John E.; Krasno, Jonathan S.","Observing the counterfactual? The search for political experiments in nature","Political Analysis","","","","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/content/17/4/341.short","","2009","2014-11-21 22:13:21","2014-11-21 22:13:21","2014-11-21 22:13:21","341–357","","4","17","","","Observing the counterfactual?","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Robinson et al_2009_(Observing the counterfactual).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5WFXMHCC","journalArticle","2005","Karatnycky, Adrian","Ukraine's Orange Revolution","Foreign Affairs","","","","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","","35–52","","2","84","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5WX3WD75","journalArticle","2000","Lewis-Beck, M. S; Paldam, M.","Economic voting: an introduction","Electoral Studies","","","","","","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","","113–121","","","19","","","Economic voting","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5X7JVU7P","journalArticle","2008","Jensen, Nathan M.","Political Risk, Democratic Institutions, and Foreign Direct Investment","The Journal of Politics","","","10.1017/S0022381608081048","","There is a renewed interest in how political risk affects multinational corporations operating in emerging markets. Much of this research has focused on the relationship between democratic institutions and flows of foreign direct investment (FDI). Yet the existing studies suffer from data problems that only allow for indirect evidence of the relationship between political institutions and political risk. In this paper I utilize price data from political risk insurance agencies to directly test how domestic political institutions affect the premiums multinationals pay for coverage against government expropriations and contract disputes. I find that democratic regimes reduce risks for multinational investors, specifically through increasing constraints on the executive. Utilizing qualitative evidence from investors, insurers, and location consultants, I explore the mechanisms linking democratic regimes with lower levels of political risk.","2008","2013-10-11 12:46:51","2014-11-04 22:57:02","","1040-1052","","4","70","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","","","FDI","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5Z2XX7JR","book","2010","Pouliot, Vincent","International Security in Practice: The Politics of NATO-Russia Diplomacy","","","","","http://books.google.ca/books?hl=en&lr=&id=T__omHTkw-oC&oi=fnd&pg=PR1&dq=International+Security+in+Practice:&ots=X2plMp6Doc&sig=tVLucqsC29u_IMQuWAq3TaJB1hY&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=International%20Security%20in%20Practice%3A&f=false","","2010","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-12-31 16:27:18","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5ZQQ358I","journalArticle","1991","Nicolaides, Phedon; Thomsen, Stephen","Can Protectionism Explain Direct Investment?*","JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-5965.1991.tb00413.x/abstract","","1991","2013-03-15 21:42:19","2014-09-04 20:25:31","2013-03-15 21:42:19","635–643","","6","29","","","Can Protectionism Explain Direct Investment?","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","FDI","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "5ZZ5E558","journalArticle","1992","Gaster, Robin","Protectionism with purpose: Guiding foreign investment","Foreign Policy","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/1149320","","1992","2013-03-15 21:42:19","2014-09-04 20:23:04","2013-03-15 21:42:19","91–106","","","","","","Protectionism with purpose","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","FDI","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "629HMTJ9","book","1987","Samuels, Richard J.","The business of the Japanese state: energy markets in comparative and historical perspective","","0801420229","","","","","1987","2013-10-10 12:26:23","2013-10-10 12:26:23","","","359","","","","","The business of the Japanese state","Cornell studies in political economy","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD9502.J32 S27 1987","","","","","Energy","Energy industries; Industrial policy; Japan","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "62D6QUBB","magazineArticle","2012","","The visible hand","The Economist","","0013-0613","","http://www.economist.com/node/21542931","The crisis of Western liberal capitalism has coincided with the rise of a powerful new form of state capitalism in emerging markets, says Adrian Wooldridge","2012-01-21","2014-12-14 04:55:23","2014-12-14 04:55:23","2014-12-14 04:55:23","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","The Economist","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "62JG2N5F","journalArticle","2001","Ross, Michael L.","Does oil hinder democracy?","World Politics","","","10.1353/wp.2001.0011","","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2015-01-14 20:37:00","","325–361","","03","53","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "62U5USBT","journalArticle","1989","Hattwick, Richard E.","Behavioral economics: An overview","Journal of Business and Psychology","","0889-3268, 1573-353X","10.1007/BF01016437","http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF01016437","This article reviews the emerging literature in behavioral economics from the standpoint of discoveries of interest to business practitioners. Behavioral economics is a new branch of the discipline which has become prominent only within the last decade. In spite of its short life span, behavioral economics has already produced insights into consumer behavior, the behavior of labor, managerial behavior and business ethics. The major findings are covered in this article.","1989-12-01","2015-04-18 00:35:02","2015-04-18 00:35:02","2015-04-18 00:35:02","141-154","","2","4","","J Bus Psychol","Behavioral economics","","","","","","","en","","","","","link.springer.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "62Z7J7MM","journalArticle","2012","Kurki, Milja; Suganami, Hidemi","Towards the politics of causal explanation: a reply to the critics of causal inquiries","International Theory","","","","","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","","400–429","","03","4","","","Towards the politics of causal explanation","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","causal explanation; ethics; international relations theory; politics","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6343CUUU","journalArticle","2010","Ainley, K.","The implications and imperfections of practice","Human rights review","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","","1–6","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "639RJTE8","journalArticle","2010","Dauvergne, P.; Lister, J.","The power of big box retail in global environmental governance: Bringing commodity chains back into IR","Millennium-Journal of International Studies","","","","http://mil.sagepub.com/content/39/1/145.short","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2012-09-20","145–160","","1","39","","","The power of big box retail in global environmental governance","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "63ANQ5FW","journalArticle","2001","Power, S.","Bystanders to genocide","Atlantic Month_nullly","","","","http://www.essex.ac.uk/ARMEDCON/story_id/BystandersToGenocideRawanda.pdf","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2012-08-30","84–108","","2","288","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "63FQ5BK5","journalArticle","2014","Reus-Smit, Christian","Emotions and the social","International Theory","","1752-9727","10.1017/S1752971914000281","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1752971914000281","","2014-11","2015-06-30 16:10:53","2015-06-30 16:10:53","2015-06-30 16:10:53","568–574","","03","6","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Reus-Smit_2014_(Emotions and the social).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "63QKJQAA","bookSection","2012","Victor, David G.; Hults, David R.; Thurber, Mark C.","Major conclusions and Implications for the Oil Industry","Oil and Governance: State-owned enterprises and the world energy supply","","","","http://books.google.ca/books?hl=en&lr=&id=pBuV5z_hnngC&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&dq=Oil+and+governance:+state-owned+enterprises+and+the+world+energy+supply&ots=I_gTiZv4wM&sig=HGYZv7fPFHPpdXOQOFeMUmYgivE","","2012","2015-06-24 11:04:30","2015-06-24 11:05:06","2013-10-09 21:09:46","887-927","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge, UK","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","Victor, David G.; Hults, David R.; Thurber, Mark C.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "63QSVRD6","journalArticle","2000","Gaetz, M.; Goodman, D.; Weinberg, H.","Electrophysiological evidence for the cumulative effects of concussion","Brain Injury","","","","http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02699050050203577","","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2013-04-02","1077–1088","","12","14","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "642ATZ2N","journalArticle","1995","King, Gary; Keohane, Robert O.; Verba, Sidney","The Importance of Research Design in Political Science","American Political Science Review","","","","","","1995","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","","475","","2","89","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "647TCECJ","journalArticle","1999","Tsebelis, George","Veto Players and Law Production in Parliamentary Democracies: An Empirical Analysis","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2585576","This article investigates hypotheses generated by the veto players' theory. The fundamental insight of this theory is that an increase in the number of veto players (for all practical purposes, in parliamentary systems the number of parties in government) and their ideological distance from one another will reduce the ability of both government and parliament to produce significant laws. In addition, the number of significant laws increases with the duration of a government and with an increase in the ideological difference between current and previous government. These propositions are tested with legislative data (both laws and government decrees) on working time and working conditions identified in two legislative sources: the NATLEX computerized database in Geneva (produced by the International Labour organization) and Blanpain's International Encyclopedia for Labour Law and Industrial Relations. The data cover fifteen West European countries for the period 1981-91. The evidence corroborates the proposed hypotheses.","1999","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2012-05-18","591–608","","3","93","","","Veto Players and Law Production in Parliamentary Democracies","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "65R3UFJU","journalArticle","2014","Wang, Wei; Rothschild, David; Goel, Sharad; Gelman, Andrew","Forecasting elections with non-representative polls","International Journal of Forecasting","","01692070","10.1016/j.ijforecast.2014.06.001","http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0169207014000879","","2014-09","2014-11-03 21:32:14","2014-11-03 21:32:14","2014-11-03 21:32:14","","","","","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/PFD9SPZH/forecasting-with-nonrepresentative-polls.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "678JXHCP","journalArticle","2011","Brownlee, Jason","Executive elections in the Arab World: when and how do they matter?","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/44/7/807.short","","2011","2015-12-08 20:34:12","2015-12-08 20:34:12","2015-12-08 20:34:12","807–828","","7","44","","","Executive elections in the Arab World","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Brownlee_2011_(Executive elections in the Arab World).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "679AWUFX","journalArticle","2001","Resnick, Adam L.","Investors, turbulence, and transition: Democratic transition and foreign direct investment in nineteen developing countries","International Interactions","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03050620108434991","","2001","2014-11-04 23:46:26","2014-11-04 23:46:26","2014-11-04 23:46:26","381–398","","4","27","","","Investors, turbulence, and transition","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "67E7DRG7","journalArticle","2015","Monroe, Burt L.; Pan, Jennifer; Roberts, Margaret E.; Sen, Maya; Sinclair, Betsy","No! Formal Theory, Causal Inference, and Big Data Are Not Contradictory Trends in Political Science","PS: Political Science & Politics","","1537-5935","10.1017/S1049096514001760","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1049096514001760","","2015-01","2015-02-23 19:07:17","2015-02-23 19:07:17","2015-02-23 19:07:17","71–74","","01","48","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Monroe et al_2015_(No).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "67IHTIIA","journalArticle","2012","Ross, Michael L.","What's So Special about the Arabian Peninsula? A Reply to Groh and Rothschild","Quarterly Journal of Political Science","","","","http://www.qjps.com/getpdf.aspx?doi=100.00012004&product=QJPS","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2015-01-14 20:37:52","2013-02-06","89–103","","1","7","","","What's So Special about the Arabian Peninsula?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "67RSTUS5","journalArticle","2009","Li, Quan","Outlier, Measurement, and the Democracy-FDI Controversy","Quarterly Journal of Political Science","","","","http://ideas.repec.org/a/now/jlqjps/100.00009028.html","","2009","2014-11-04 23:28:50","2014-11-06 22:55:14","2014-11-04 23:28:50","167–181","","2","4","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Li_2009_(Outlier, Measurement, and the Democracy-FDI Controversy).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "67UQSU2J","book","1997","Hoopes, Stephanie M.","Oil Privatisation, Public Choice, and International Forces","","","","","","","1997","2015-05-05 10:25:37","2015-05-05 10:25:37","","","","","","","","","","","","","St. Martin's Press","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "68GK7SM5","journalArticle","2000","Wagner, R. Harrison","Bargaining and War","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2669259","Nearly all wars end not because the states that are fighting are incapable of further fighting but because they agree to stop. Thus to explain why wars occur one must explain why states must fight before reaching agreement, which implies that war must be considered part of the bargaining process that leads to a negotiated settlement and not as an alternative to it. However, most attempts to explain the occurrence of war assume that it is entirely the result of a choice made before it begins. I show that this way of posing the problem can only lead to misleading conclusions by analyzing a model in which a negotiated settlement remains possible after war starts.","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2012-05-19","469–484","","3","44","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "68JUC3KJ","report","2010","Darby, Julia; Desbordes, Rodolphe; Wooton, Ian","Does public governance always matter? How experience of poor institutional quality influences FDI to the South","","","","","http://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/46412","","2010","2014-10-31 00:39:55","2014-10-31 00:39:55","2014-10-31 00:39:55","","","","","","","Does public governance always matter?","","","","","CESifo working paper: Trade Policy","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Darby et al_2010_(Does public governance always matter).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "68Q2RHQC","journalArticle","1995","Mansfield, Edward D.; Snyder, Jack","Democratization and War","Foreign Affairs","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/20047125","The idea that democracies never fight wars against each other has become an axiom. While mature, stable democracies are safer, states usually go through a dangerous transition to democracy. Historical evidence from the last 200 years shows that in this phase, countries become more war-prone, not less, and they do fight wars with democratic states. This raises questions about the U.S. policy of promoting peace by promoting democratization. Pushing Russia and China toward democracy may actually bring war in the short term.","1995","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2012-08-30","79–97","","3","74","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6928VU6F","report","2013","Johns, Leslie; Pelc, Krzysztof J.","Fear of Crowds in WTO Disputes: Why Don't More Countries Participate?","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2292535","WTO members that are affected by a trade dispute can join litigation as a third party and gain access to otherwise private negotiations. Participation has a negligible cost. Yet states rarely join cases as third parties, even when they have a material interest at stake. We construct a formal model of strategic third party participation in the WTO that shows that third parties increase the probability of litigation. This creates strategic interdependence: as more states become third parties, the benefit of participation decreases and each state becomes less likely to join. We test our theoretical model by examining each country's decision to participate or not in every WTO dispute since 1995. The findings offer strong support for our model: states shy away from joining when it's too crowded.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2016-04-26 14:54:59","2013-09-03","","","","","","","Fear of Crowds in WTO Disputes","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","","","","","","","international organizations; International Political Economy; participation; WTO","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2292535","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "692TPTAZ","journalArticle","2003","Hallward-Driemeier, Mary","Do bilateral investment treaties attract foreign direct investment? Only a bit... and they could bite","","","","","https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/18118","","2003","2014-11-05 13:24:38","2014-11-05 13:24:38","2014-11-05 13:24:38","","","","","","","Do bilateral investment treaties attract foreign direct investment?","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "695JKRDI","book","1972","Modelski, George","Principles of world politics","","","","","","","1972","2014-11-04 21:19:59","2014-11-04 21:20:09","","","","","","","","","","","","","Free Press","New York","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "69NTK4ZP","journalArticle","1994","Lieberson, Stanley","More on the Uneasy Case for Using Mill-Type Methods in Small-N Comparative Studies","Social Forces","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2580300","The methods of agreement and difference are outdated and inappropriate procedures for comparative or historical analysis based on a small number of cases. The methods cannot employ a probabilistic perspective, deal with data errors, use multivariate analyses, or take into account interaction effects. All of these are critical features in contemporary ways of thinking about social processes. Although Savolainen (1994) accepts the importance of having a method that can cope with these matters, he argues that Mill's methods permit such steps. However, he provides neither specific examples of where these methods actually address these issues nor does he present a formal set of rules whereby the methods of difference or agreement can estimate them. This is not surprising since Mill himself recognized that these methods were inappropriate for the kinds of problems addressed in most social research.","1994","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","","1225–1237","","4","72","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1994 Social Forces, University of North Carolina Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "69SFGAAF","book","1957","Downs, Anthony","An economic theory of democracy","","","","","","","1957","2012-09-06 12:40:16","2014-09-04 20:22:41","","","310","","","","","","","","","","Harper","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JF1351 .D65","","","","","Political parties; Public administration; voting","Political parties; Public administration; voting","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "69T2CUPQ","journalArticle","2006","Iversen, Torben; Soskice, David","Electoral Institutions and the Politics of Coalitions: Why Some Democracies Redistribute More Than Others","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","","165–181","","02","100","","","Electoral Institutions and the Politics of Coalitions","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6A598M2F","journalArticle","2003","Latour, Bruno","What if we Talked Politics a Little?","Contemporary Political Theory","","","","","","2003","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","","143–164","","2","2","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","1 but what if; 58; 143; 166; 2002; are heard all over; complaints about a loss; contemporary political theory; enunciation; first published in french; in politix 15; of interest in politics; politics; revised and updated for; rhetorics; semiotics; speech-act theory; translated by liz libbrecht","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6AB7AWJJ","journalArticle","2009","Fearon, James D.; Humphreys, Macartan; Weinstein, Jeremy M.","Can development aid contribute to social cohesion after civil war? Evidence from a field experiment in post-conflict Liberia","The American Economic Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/25592413","","2009","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2013-05-13","287–291","","2","99","","","Can development aid contribute to social cohesion after civil war?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6BEFIF6G","journalArticle","2006","Druckman, J. N.; Green, D. P.; Kuklinski, J. H.; Lupia, A.","The growth and development of experimental research in political science","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2014-09-04 18:31:59","","627","","4","100","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6CFJK2DK","journalArticle","2003","McCrea, Michael; Guskiewicz, Kevin M.; Marshall, Stephen W.; Barr, William; Randolph, Christopher; Cantu, Robert C.; Onate, James A.; Yang, Jingzhen; Kelly, James P.","Acute effects and recovery time following concussion in collegiate football players","The Journal of the American Medical Association","","","","http://jama.ama-assn.org/content/290/19/2556.short","","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2013-04-02","2556–2563","","19","290","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6CGCWWM7","thesis","2010","Hatton, Daniel","Did the Orange Revolution change Ukraine s geopolitical position regarding Russia and the west ?","","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","","","","","","","","","","","","","University of Leeds","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6CQSBPZQ","report","2013","Al-Fattah, Saud M.","National Oil Companies: Business Models, Challenges, and Emerging Trends","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2299879","This paper provides an assessment and a review of the national oil companies' (NOCs) business models, challenges and opportunities, their strategies and emerging trends. The role of the national oil company continues to evolve as the global energy landscape changes to reflect variations in demand, discovery of new ultra-deep water oil deposits, and national and geopolitical developments. NOCs, traditionally viewed as the custodians of their country's natural resources, have generally owned and managed the complete national oil and gas supply chain from upstream to downstream activities. In recent years, NOCs have emerged not only as joint venture partners globally with the major oil companies, but increasingly as competitors to the International Oil Companies (IOCs). Many NOCs are now more active in mergers and acquisitions (M&A), thereby increasing the number of NOCs seeking international upstream and downstream acquisition and asset targets. Asian state-owned companies of NOCs, most prominently from China and India, are at the forefront of strategic cross-border investments as their governments seek to prepare for long-term energy supply challenges. At the same time, increasing oil wealth brought about by rising oil prices has encouraged governments as diverse as Russia, Venezuela, Bolivia, and Ecuador to give greater political and economic leverage to their national energy champions. This is achieved in their local market through revisions to constitutional laws, contracts, tax and royalty structures. Also, the NOCs have begun to enter the international market, engaging in strategic investment activities and acquiring full or partial control of foreign companies in sectors of strategic interest for national development. Within the GCC region, there are a number of national oil companies that have capabilities to expand beyond serving their domestic markets. This process is, in part, being hindered by the inadequacy of corporate structures and the lack of information in the GCC region. Globally, it is being hindered by the rise of economic nationalism and the debate around economic sovereignty, security, and ownership of assets, and the perception in the west that NOCs should not seek to acquire international oil companies and assets. Undoubtedly, political considerations influence and impact the international investment policy of NOCs.The emerging trend driven by the rise of NOCs has shifted the balance of control over most of the world’s hydrocarbon resources. In the 1970s, the NOCs (super majors) controlled less than 10% of the world’s hydrocarbon resources, while in 2012 they control more than 90%. This shift has enabled NOCs to increase their ability to access capital, human resources and technical services directly, and to build in-house competencies. Further, NOCs have been increasing their ability to conduct outsourcing activities for many operations through the oilfield services companies (OFSCs), thus increasing their range of competence.","2013-01-27","2015-02-27 23:14:32","2015-02-27 23:14:32","2015-02-27 23:14:32","","","","","","","National Oil Companies","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Al-Fattah_2013_(National Oil Companies).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2299879","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6D6I84DJ","journalArticle","2010","McLean, Elena V.; Whang, Taehee","Friends or Foes? Major Trading Partners and the Success of Economic Sanctions","International Studies Quarterly","","1468-2478","10.1111/j.1468-2478.2010.00594.x","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2010.00594.x/abstract","What is the relationship between international cooperation and the success of economic sanctions? Although it is commonly assumed that international cooperation is an important condition for the effectiveness of sanctions, empirical results have been mixed. We focus on the role of the sanctioned country’s major trading partners and develop a theoretical model that shows how their actions can affect the probability of sanctions success by raising or decreasing resistance costs to the sanctioned country. We then derive hypotheses from the theoretical model and test them using fully structural estimation. The empirical results lend support to the theoretical expectation that the sanctioner is more likely to succeed if it has the support of the sanctioned country’s major trading partners. We also find that international cooperation may be less crucial if sanctions are imposed by the sanctioned country’s main trading partner because such sanctions have a higher probability of success.","2010-06-01","2015-04-08 02:52:14","2015-04-08 02:52:14","2015-04-08 02:52:14","427-447","","2","54","","","Friends or Foes?","","","","","","","en","© 2010 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6DFPJ5JH","manuscript","2008","King, Gary; Powell, Eleanor Neff","How Not to Lie Without Statistics","","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6DGTMB5U","journalArticle","2009","EGOROV, GEORGY; GURIEV, SERGEI; SONIN, KONSTANTIN","Why Resource-poor Dictators Allow Freer Media: A Theory and Evidence from Panel Data","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2014-09-04 18:31:53","","645","","04","103","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6DH3K2JJ","journalArticle","1987","Peace, Adrian","Review: Hegemony and Culture","American Ethnologist","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/645330","","1987","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2012-12-28","780–781","","4","14","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1987 American Anthropological Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6DNAZN4A","journalArticle","2008","Freeman, J. R.; Quinn, D. P.","The economic origins of democracy reconsidered","American Political Science Review","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0003055411000505","","2008","2013-02-05 22:05:03","2014-09-04 20:22:57","2013-02-05 22:05:03","1–23","","1","1","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6E443PJU","report","2009","Wolf, Christian O. H.","The Petroleum Sector Value Chain","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1514593","The oil and gas industry encompasses a range of different activities and processes, which jointly contribute to the transformation of underlying petroleum resources into useable end-products valued by industrial and private customers. These different activities are inherently linked with each other (conceptually, contractually and/or physically), and these linkages might occur within or across individual firms, and within or across national boundaries. This paper briefly describes the key constituent activities of the petroleum sector, as well as the scope for horizontal and vertical integration. It does so based on the notion of an industry value chain (or value system). It also discusses some of the key policy decisions associated with the different stages of the value chain. Overall, this paper seeks to introduce key activities, value drivers and risk factors of the petroleum industry.This is a draft version of Chapter 1 of the Study on “National Oil Companies and Value Creation”, undertaken by the Oil, Gas and Mining Policy Division of the World Bank. This draft version has been published to inform the public on progress and invite dialogue. A revised version of this paper will be included in the Study which is expected to be completed by June 2010.The paper was written by Christian O. H. Wolf (Consultant), with contributions from the Task Leader of the Study, Silvana Tordo (Lead Energy Economist, Oil, Gas and Mining Division of the World Bank).","2009-06-30","2015-06-14 20:57:18","2015-06-14 20:57:18","2015-06-14 20:57:18","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 1514593","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6E5UEFK5","journalArticle","2002","Elman, Colin; Elman, Miriam Fendius","How Not to Be Lakatos Intolerant: Appraising Progress in IR Research","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3096070","Despite the popularity of Imre Lakatos's ideas and numerous references to his Methodology of Scientific Research Programs (MSRP), IR scholars often misstate and misapply his criteria for appraising theoretical development. This article provides a more complete description of Lakatos's metric, addresses a number of critiques related to its use, and surveys how MSRP has been used to evaluate IR research. It suggests that IR proponents of Lakatos's methodology could better appreciate the limits of its application, and that those who use his metric could do so in a more informed way. The article argues for a sustained discussion about the promises and difficulties of theory appraisal, and suggests that MSRP may be a useful point of departure for that dialogue. It calls for IR theorists to undertake comparative analyses of different rationalist metrics to provide the basis for making informed judgments about their different strengths and weaknesses in helping to produce better theories.","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2014-09-04 18:31:40","","231–262","","2","46","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2002 The International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6EVCU2CN","journalArticle","2007","Weisser, Hellmuth","The security of gas supply: a critical issue for Europe?","Energy Policy","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421505002740","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-12-31 16:31:13","","1–5","","1","35","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","globalising gas market; interruptible gas contracts; security of gas supply","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6FCK95ZD","journalArticle","2009","Gassebner, Martin; Lamla, Michael J.; Vreeland, James Raymond","Extreme Bounds of Democracy","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1392266","There are many stories of democracy but little consensus over which variables robustly determine its emergence and survival. We apply extreme bounds analysis to test the robustness of 59 factors proposed in the literature, evaluating over 3 million regressions. The most robust determinants of the transition to democracy are GDP growth (a negative effect), past transitions (a positive effect), and OECD membership (a positive effect). There is some evidence that fuel exporters and Muslim countries are less likely to see democracy emerge, although the latter finding is driven entirely by oil producing Muslim countries. Regarding the survival of democracy, the most robust determinants are GDP per capita (a positive effect) and past transitions (a negative effect). There is some evidence that having a former military leader as the chief executive has a negative effect, while having other democracies as neighbors has a reinforcing effect.","2009-04-01","2012-05-19 17:08:16","2014-09-04 20:23:03","2012-05-19 17:08:16","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","SSRN","","","","","","Democracy; extreme bounds analysis; regime transition","extreme bounds analysis; regime transition","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6G867XQC","journalArticle","2012","Graham, Bryan S.; Powell, James L.","Identification and Estimation of Average Partial Effects in “Irregular” Correlated Random Coefficient Panel Data Models","Econometrica","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.3982/ECTA8220/abstract","","2012","2013-09-17 10:26:44","2013-09-17 10:26:44","2013-09-17 10:26:44","2105–2152","","5","80","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Quant","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6GA6253S","journalArticle","2014","Colgan, Jeff D.","The Emperor Has No Clothes: The Limits of OPEC in the Global Oil Market","International Organization","","","10.1017/S0020818313000489","","Scholars have long debated the causal impact of international institutions such as the World Trade Organization or the International Monetary Fund. This study investigates Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), an organization that purports to have significant influence over the market for the world's most important commodity–petroleum. Using four empirical tests, I find that OPEC has little or no impact on its members' production levels. These findings prompt the question of why so many people, including scholars, believe in OPEC's influence over the world's oil supply. The idea of OPEC as a cartel is a “rational myth” that supports the organization's true principal function, which is to generate political benefits for its members. One benefit it generates is international prestige. I test this idea using data on diplomatic representation and find that OPEC membership is associated with increased international recognition by other states. Overall, these findings help one to better understand international regimes and the process of ideational change in world politics.","2014","2014-09-08 20:28:33","2014-09-08 20:28:33","","599-632","","03","68","","","The Emperor Has No Clothes","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Colgan_2014_(The Emperor Has No Clothes).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6GA76KHW","journalArticle","2009","Germain, Randall D.","The `American' school of IPE? A dissenting view","Review of International Political Economy","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09692290802524133","ABSTRACT This article challenges three aspects of the ?American? school of international political economy (IPE) as presented by Benjamin Cohen and further elaborated by Dan Maliniak and Michael Tierney in this special issue. First, I question whether their depiction of the field is accurate. What they describe is not so much the ?American? school of IPE, but the ?Harvard? school. IPE in America is a rich and varied enterprise; not so the ?Harvard? school. Second, and unfortunately, IPE in America is also highly centralized and hierarchical, and this gives the ?Harvard? school enormous latitude to influence the self-depiction of the field and in some ways also its trajectory. This is not healthy, either for IPE scholarship in America or beyond. Finally, notwithstanding the power and authority of the ?Harvard? school, we outside of America cannot abandon IPE to its grip. My suggested course of action is to continue engaging with those of our colleagues (both within and outside of this school) who are receptive to the wide-ranging pursuit of knowledge and who recognize that IPE is a field defined by its subject matter rather than by its commitment to a particular methodology.","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","","95–105","","1","16","","","The `American' school of IPE?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6GBXNGRU","journalArticle","2008","Weeks, Jessica L.","Autocratic Audience Costs: Regime Type and Signaling Resolve","International Organization","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","","35–64","","01","62","","","Autocratic Audience Costs","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6GMJXKDC","journalArticle","1985","Rubinstein, Ariel","A bargaining model with incomplete information about time preferences","Econometrica","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1911016","","1985","2015-03-16 01:18:23","2015-03-16 01:20:05","2015-03-16 01:18:23","1151–1172","","","53","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1985/Rubinstein_1985_(A bargaining model with incomplete information about time preferences).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6H5G88WU","report","2013","Lorentzen, Peter L.; Fravel, M. Taylor","Bridging the Gap: Using Qualitative Evidence to Evaluate Formal Models","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2301490","In the ongoing debate about how to test formal models, the role of qualitative evidence has been oddly neglected, even though it is a commonly used by formal theorists. Moreover, qualitative research has played an important role in shaping our collective assessment of the value of many models. We argue that this is no accident, but rather reflects the shared focus of formal theorists and qualitative researchers on mechanisms. Despite this, the flourishing literature on qualitative methodology pays little attention to the specific issues involved in evaluating formal models, and formal modelers generally offer qualitative evidence with very little methodological self-consciousness. This paper takes a first step toward constructive engagement between the two literatures, offering ways that formal modelers can make their qualitative evidence more rigorous as well as providing insights for qualitative scholars interested in empirically evaluating formal theories.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2013-09-03","","","","","","","Bridging the Gap","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","","","","","","","analytic narratives; Case studies; Game Theory; multi-method research; process tracing; qualitative methods","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2301490","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6H5ZIRS8","report","2014","Putniņš, Tālis J.","Economics of State-Owned Enterprises","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2514123","State-owned enterprises (SOEs) account for a substantial proportion of GDP, employment and assets in many countries. This article reviews the theory relating to SOEs: their economic rationale, the circumstances in which SOEs are the preferred form of government intervention, and their efficiency and welfare consequences. Based on the theory and empirical evidence, we develop a novel five-step framework that can guide policymakers and economic advisors in making decisions about maintaining and/or creating SOEs. The framework suggests that the use of SOEs should be limited to circumstances in which a market failure exists, less invasive forms of intervention such as regulation/taxes/subsidies and private sector contracting are ineffective or not possible, and the welfare loss of the market failure exceeds the costs, distortions and inefficiencies of SOEs.","2014-10-24","2015-02-27 23:24:48","2015-02-27 23:24:48","2015-02-27 23:24:48","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Putnins_2014_(Economics of State-Owned Enterprises).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2514123","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6HB3PRRV","journalArticle","1997","Quast, Oliver; Locatelli, Catherine","Russian natural gas policy and its possible effects on European gas markets","Energy Policy","","","10.1016/S0301-4215(96)00110-3","","","1997","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-11-24 00:49:34","","125–133","","2","25","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6HPHKZTA","magazineArticle","2012","","The world in their hands","The Economist","","0013-0613","","http://www.economist.com/node/21542930","State capitalism looks outward as well as inward","2012-01-21","2014-12-14 04:57:03","2014-12-14 04:57:03","2014-12-14 04:57:03","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","The Economist","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6HVS8BKX","journalArticle","2008","Saksena, Jyotika; Anderson, Liam","Explaining Variation in the Use of NTBs in Developed Countries: The Role of Political Institutions","International Politics","","","","http://www.palgrave-journals.com/ip/journal/v45/n4/abs/ip200820a.html","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2013-01-24","475–496","","4","45","","","Explaining Variation in the Use of NTBs in Developed Countries","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6I4V44Q4","journalArticle","2001","Zorn, Christopher","Estimating between-and within-cluster covariate effects, with an application to models of international disputes","International Interactions","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03050620108434993","","2001","2014-11-05 13:05:47","2014-11-05 13:05:47","2014-11-05 13:05:47","433–445","","4","27","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6I9TF89Z","journalArticle","2013","Davidson, Julia O’Connell","Troubling freedom: Migration, debt, and modern slavery","Migration studies","","","","http://migration.oxfordjournals.org/content/1/2/176.short","","2013","2015-04-15 20:58:50","2015-04-15 20:58:50","2015-04-15 20:58:50","176–195","","2","1","","","Troubling freedom","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Davidson_2013_(Troubling freedom).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6IU5SQCH","journalArticle","2011","Adler-Nissen, Rebecca","Opting Out of an Ever Closer Union: The Integration Doxa and the Management of Sovereignty","West European Politics","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01402382.2011.591102","How is sovereignty managed in the EU? This article investigates the relationship between sovereignty and European integration through the prism of national opt-outs from EU treaties, addressing an apparent contradiction in contemporary European governance: the contrasting processes of integration and differentiation. On the one hand, European integration is increasing as states transfer sovereign competencies to the EU. On the other hand, we see a multitude of differentiation processes through which member states choose to disengage from the EU polity by negotiating exemptions or derogations. Drawing on Pierre Bourdieu's political sociology, the article argues that to understand how sovereignty is interpreted and exercised in the EU, it is necessary to focus not only on the constitutive and regulative dimensions of sovereignty, but equally on the practice dimension. This entails an exploration of how sovereignty claims are managed in a particular social setting. Rather than seeing opt-outs as classic instruments of international law, accentuating the member states' unchanged sovereignty, the article argues that the management of the British and Danish opt-outs quite paradoxically expresses the strength of the doxa of European integration, i.e. the notion of `an ever closer union'.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2013-01-31","1092–1113","","5","34","","","Opting Out of an Ever Closer Union","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6IUAGGRW","journalArticle","2010","Li, Quan; Vashchilko, Tatiana","Dyadic military conflict, security alliances, and bilateral FDI flows","Journal of International Business Studies","","0047-2506","10.1057/jibs.2009.91","http://www.palgrave-journals.com/jibs/journal/v41/n5/abs/jibs200991a.html","Although multinationals operate under cross-border jurisdictions, the relevance of interstate security relations to international business has received little attention. Despite the impressive accumulation of knowledge in international business and international relations, the two intellectual communities have largely ignored the insights from each other. In this article, we seek to bridge this gap. We argue that interstate military conflict and security alliances, as two central features of interstate security relations, often change both government policies toward international business and investor expectations of political risk. From the perspectives of both states and investors, military conflict should reduce bilateral investment whereas security alliances increase it. Our empirical analysis applies the system GMM estimator to a gravity model of bilateral investment flows for 1117 directed dyads among 58 countries from 1980 to 2000. Among 18 countries whose per capita real incomes remain consistently above 12,000 constant dollars, the security factors do not affect bilateral investment; in the high-income/low-income dyads, interstate military conflict and security alliances significantly influence bilateral investment as expected. The findings depict two separate realms in which international politics does and does not interfere with international business, helping us improve political risk assessments and understand the interactions between states and firms.","2010-06","2013-10-17 13:32:22","2013-10-17 13:32:22","2013-10-17 13:32:22","765-782","","5","41","","J Int Bus Stud","","","","","","","","en","","","","","www.palgrave-journals.com","","","","","","FDI","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6IV9GPVA","book","1976","Bourdieu, Pierre","Outline of a Theory of Practice","","","","","http://books.google.ca/books?hl=en&lr=&id=Hbw2AAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PT7&dq=Outline+of+a+Theory+of+Practice&ots=uTcNGndasb&sig=ojkdKu-pjGrisE6YrkXbZJLI4hM&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Outline%20of%20a%20Theory%20of%20Practice&f=false","","1976","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-12-31 16:13:52","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Nice, Richard","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6J2JUNWS","bookSection","1978","Katzenstein, Peter J.","Conclusion: domestic structures and strategies of foreign economic policy","Between Power and Plenty: Foreign Economic Policies of Advanced Industrial States","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/production/action/cjoGetFulltext?fulltextid=4281236","","1978","2013-10-10 12:42:51","2014-11-07 17:14:11","2013-10-10 12:42:51","295–336","","","","","","Conclusion","","","","","University of Wisconsin Press","Madison","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","Katzenstein, Peter J.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6JM8VNQ7","journalArticle","2010","Bloom, Nicholas; Sadun, Raffaella; Van Reenen, John","Recent Advances in the Empirics of Organizational Economics","Annual Review of Economics","","","10.1146/annurev.economics.050708.143328","http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.economics.050708.143328","We present a survey of recent contributions in empirical organizational economics, focusing on management practices and decentralization. Productivity dispersion between firms and countries has motivated the improved measurement of firm organization across industries and countries. There appears to be substantial variation in management practices and decentralization not only between countries, but also especially within countries. Much of the poorer average management quality in countries like Brazil and India seems to result from a long tail of poorly managed firms, which barely exist in the United States. Some stylized facts include the following: (a) Competition seems to foster improved management and decentralization; (b) larger firms, skill-intensive plants, and foreign multinationals appear better managed and are more decentralized; (c) firms that are both family owned and managed appear to have worse management and are more centralized; and (d) firms facing an environment of lighter labor market regulations and more human capital specialize relatively more in people management. There is evidence for complementarities between information and communication technology, decentralization, and management, but the relationship is complex, and identification of the productivity effects of organizational practices remains a challenge for future research.","2010","2015-04-12 17:34:33","2015-04-12 17:34:33","2015-04-12 17:34:33","105-137","","1","2","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Bloom et al_2010_(Recent Advances in the Empirics of Organizational Economics).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6KGGGWVW","journalArticle","2007","Victor, Nadeja M.","On measuring the performance of national oil companies (NOCs)","Program on Energy and Sustainable Development","","","","http://iis-db.stanford.edu/pubs/21984/WP64,_Nadja_Victor,_NOC_Statistics_20070926.pdf","","2007","2014-09-24 22:36:13","2014-09-24 22:36:13","2014-09-24 22:36:13","1–41","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Victor_2007_(On measuring the performance of national oil companies (NOCs)).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6KGQEBCM","journalArticle","2013","Li, Jiatao; Qian, Cuili","Principal-principal conflicts under weak institutions: A study of corporate takeovers in China","Strategic Management Journal","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/smj.2027/full","","2013","2014-11-22 18:06:25","2014-11-22 18:06:25","2014-11-22 18:06:25","498–508","","4","34","","","Principal-principal conflicts under weak institutions","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Li_Qian_2013_(Principal-principal conflicts under weak institutions).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6KHFWWA7","manuscript","2010","Vivoda, Vlado","A New Methodological Approach to Evaluate Energy Security in the Asia-Pacific Region","","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","1; an emerging area of; asia-pacific; competition for geographically concentrated; energy prices; energy security; energy security has become; evaluation methodology; focus in international relations; introduction; new energy security challenges; the increased demand and; with high","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6KT6WHNG","book","1981","Gilpin, Robert","War and Change in World Politics","","0521240182","","","","","1981","2012-05-05 11:54:02","2014-09-04 20:23:15","","","272","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JX1291 .G53","","","","","International relations; Research","Research","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6MVWXWQ7","journalArticle","2004","Scheve, Kenneth","Public Inflation Aversion and the Political Economy of Macroeconomic Policymaking","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3877887","Do the macroeconomic priorities of citizens differ across countries? If so, what accounts for this variation and what are its consequences for explanations of the choice of monetary institutions, macroeconomic policy, and international monetary cooperation? This article uses survey data from twenty advanced economies to examine individual preferences about macroeconomic priorities. The analysis establishes three key findings. First, the results suggest that economic context, defined by inflation and unemployment performance, has a substantial impact on the public's economic objectives in a way that is broadly consistent with the specification of utility/loss functions in the theoretical political economy literature. Second, the results suggest that there is significant cross-country variation in inflation aversion, controlling for economic context. Third, some of this variation is accounted for by national-level factors affecting the aggregate costs of inflation and unemployment. These results have significant implications for optimal monetary policymaking, the explanation of variation in economic outcomes, and for accounts of the choice of institutional frameworks for policymaking.","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2013-02-12","1–34","","1","58","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2004 International Organization Foundation","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6NBKQIPH","journalArticle","2009","de Soysa, Indra; Gartzke, Erik; Lie, Tove Grete","Blood, Oil, and Strategy","","","","","http://www.svt.ntnu.no/iss/Indra.de.Soysa/POL2003H05/oilandwar_02232009.pdf","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2013-03-20","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6NEFNRSF","journalArticle","2003","Antràs, Pol","Firms, contracts, and trade structure","Quarterly Journal of Economics","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w9740","","2003","2014-11-04 22:41:47","2014-11-04 22:42:53","2014-11-04 22:41:47","","","4","118","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2003/Antras_2003_(Firms, contracts, and trade structure).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6P2KJBZS","journalArticle","2013","Shaffer, Brenda","Natural gas supply stability and foreign policy","Energy Policy","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421512010178","This article studies factors that affect stability of supply of natural gas. It examines the relative influence of political relations between the involved states on the stability of supply. The article identifies the factors that affect the propensity of a state to use disruption of natural gas supply in order to promote foreign policy goals. The article is based on the study of thirty five supply relations and two case studies. The article claims that disruption of supplies can be initiated not only by supplier states, but transit and consumer states. It claims that natural gas supply relations generally take three forms: neither side is dependent on the gas trade, one side is dependent on the gas trade, or the sides are interdependent in the gas trade. Cases of significant asymmetry of the degree of dependence in the gas trade are most likely to be exploited by the less dependent party for foreign policy gain. The article claims that the prevailing political relations between gas trading states are only one of the factors affecting the stability of supply.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2013-01-28","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Foreign policy; Natural gas; Stability of supply","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6P5H9GTA","book","2001","Crossley, N.","The Social Body: Habit, Identity, and Desire","","","","","","","2001","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:22:29","","","","","","","","","","","","","Sage","London","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6P7V8DGF","book","2002","Hiscox, Michael J","International Trade and Political Conflict: Commerce, Coalitions, and Mobility","","0691088543","","","","","2002","2012-05-06 22:39:43","2014-09-04 20:23:54","","","209","","","","","International Trade and Political Conflict","","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton, N.J","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HF1379 .H57 2002","","","","","Coalitions; Commercial policy; Commercial policy History; History; Internal; International economic relations; International trade; Migration; Political aspects History; United States","Coalitions; Commercial policy; Commercial policy History; International economic relations; International trade; Migration, Internal; Political aspects History; United States","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6PT6GPH8","book","1976","Mikdashi, Zuhayr M.","The international politics of natural resources","","0801410010","","","","","1976","2014-11-29 03:52:53","2014-11-29 03:53:03","","","214","","","","","","","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca, N.Y","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HC55 .M54 1976","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6QF45FU2","journalArticle","1996","Kuzio, Taras","National Identity in Independent Ukraine: An Identity in Transition","Nationalism & Ethnic Politics","","","","","","1996","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","","582–608","","4","2","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6QSWUEVE","journalArticle","2003","Pape, R. A","The strategic logic of suicide terrorism","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2003","2012-05-05 12:05:46","2014-09-04 20:25:41","","343–361","","3","97","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6QT9EPVW","journalArticle","2014","Ashworth, Scott; Bueno De Mesquita, Ethan","Is Voter Competence Good for Voters?: Information, Rationality, and Democratic Performance","American Political Science Review","","","10.1017/S0003055414000264","","A long research tradition in behavioral political science evaluates the performance of democracy by examining voter competence. This literature got its start arguing that voters' lack of information undermines a defense of democracy rooted in electoral accountability. A more recent literature deepens the debate, with some authors claiming that voters effectively use cues to substitute for information about candidates and policies, and other authors claiming that voters are insufficiently rational to do so. We argue that, regardless of its conclusions about voter competence, this literature’s single-minded focus on voter behavior is misguided. We use a sequence of formal models to show that traditional intuitions are incomplete because they ignore the effect that changes in voter behavior have on the equilibrium behavior of politicians. When this strategic interaction is taken into account, increases in voter information or voter rationality sometimes make democratic performance better and sometimes make democratic performance worse. One simply cannot assess the implications of voter characteristics for democratic performance without also studying how those characteristics affect the behavior of politicians.","2014","2014-09-08 20:23:41","2014-09-08 20:23:41","","565-587","","03","108","","","Is Voter Competence Good for Voters?","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Ashworth_Bueno De Mesquita_2014_(Is Voter Competence Good for Voters).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6R3BDRFC","journalArticle","1992","Mayer, Frederick W.","Managing Domestic Differences in International Negotiations: The Strategic Use of Internal Side-Payments","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2706875","When nations negotiate, often the toughest bargaining is not between nations but within them. The reason is simple: proposed international agreements, no matter how much in the ""national interest,"" inevitably have differential effects on factional concerns, threatening to make winners of some and losers of others. Potential losers often have the power to prevent agreements not to their liking, thereby limiting what is possible in international negotiations. This article uses a negotiation analytic framework to analyze the consequences of such limits. It argues that limits need not be a liability for a divided country–under some circumstances they may provide a bargaining advantage–and demonstrates circumstances under which intracountry differences are desirable and undesirable from a national perspective. More specifically, the article shows that the effect of domestic differences on international negotiations depends on the configuration of domestic interests, on the nature of domestic political processes, and on characteristics of the international bargain. It then explores a particular dimension of the domestic process: the ability to link issues which allow factions to make internal side-payments. It demonstrates that internal issue linkage can have profound effects on the external bargain and explores the strategic implications of side-payments for those who would manage domestic differences in international negotiations.","1992","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2013-01-31","793–818","","4","46","","","Managing Domestic Differences in International Negotiations","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1992 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6RESPBFI","journalArticle","2007","Perraton, Jonathan; Tarrant, Iona","What does tacit knowledge actually explain?","Journal of Economic Methodology","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13501780701562559","The concept of tacit knowledge has come a long way from its origins in Michael Polanyi's work and its championing by Hayek and other Austrian economists. It is now widely, even routinely, cited not only in Austrian economics, but also in institutional economics work, industrial economics and economic geography. Further, rather than being viewed as a hypothesis requiring conceptual clarification and empirical testing, the concept of tacit knowledge is almost invariably treated as established, even incontrovertible, virtually as a fact. Conceptual disputes over tacit knowledge have instead focused on the boundaries between codifiable and tacit knowledge. Here we draw upon a critique of tacit knowledge and tacit rule following from the social philosophy literature that has not been considered in the economics literature hitherto. In brief, this critique argues that the concept of tacit knowledge is merely a term given to a phenomenon the observer does not understand; as such, it has no explanatory content. Through a philosophical examination of rule following, this critique further argues that the concept of agents tacitly following rules is highly problematic, not to say implausible.","2007","2014-09-12 00:56:30","2014-09-19 17:23:56","2014-09-12 00:56:30","353–370","","3","14","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6RNW43HA","journalArticle","2015","Colgan, Jeff D.","Oil, domestic conflict, and opportunities for democratization","Journal of Peace Research","","0022-3433, 1460-3578","10.1177/0022343314545526","http://jpr.sagepub.com/content/52/1/3","The resource curse literature suggests two stylized facts about oil-producing states (‘petrostates’) that are not easily reconciled with each other. On one hand, petrostates experience more frequent civil wars than non-petrostates. On the other hand, petrostates have more robust and long-lasting autocratic regimes. This is puzzling because one might expect that one form of instability would lead to the other, as is typical in non-petrostates. If petrostates are more prone to domestic conflict than non-petrostates, and conflicts are opportunities for regime transition and democratization, why do we not observe such transitions more frequently in petrostates? I argue that despite frequent conflicts, rebels rarely succeed in violently overthrowing a petrostate regime or otherwise forcing regime transition. This is because oil generates financial resources that can be used by both an incumbent government and rebels to fund armed conflict, and an incumbent government typically has greater access to these resources. In an analysis of non-democracies for 1946–2004, I also find that oil inhibits democratization in petrostates, but only in the context of violent domestic conflicts. Peaceful pathways to democracy remain open in petrostates. These findings significantly alter our understanding of resource curse. Many scholars argue that oil inhibits democracy because of rentier politics, but this standard interpretation is incomplete. Oil appears to inhibit democratization only in the context of violent domestic conflicts. Ten of the eleven transitions to democracy in petrostates since 1945 occurred without significant domestic conflict.","2015-01-01","2015-01-15 20:33:12","2015-01-15 20:33:12","2015-01-15 20:33:12","3-16","","1","52","","Journal of Peace Research","","","","","","","","en","","","","","jpr.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Colgan_2015_(Oil, domestic conflict, and opportunities for democratization).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6RR4HTS9","journalArticle","2007","Pouliot, Vincent","Sobjectivism : Toward a Constructivist Methodology","International Studies Quarterly","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","","359–384","","","51","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6RUQJ3Q8","journalArticle","2015","Grabel, Ilene","The rebranding of capital controls in an era of productive incoherence","Review of International Political Economy","","0969-2290","10.1080/09692290.2013.836677","http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09692290.2013.836677","The rebranding of capital controls during the global crisis has widened the policy space in the financial arena to a greater, more consistent degree than following the Asian crisis. How are we to account for this extraordinary ideational and policy evolution? The paper highlights five factors that contribute to the evolving rebranding of capital controls. These include: (1) the rise of increasingly autonomous developing states, largely as a consequence of their successful response to the Asian crisis; (2) the increasing assertiveness of their policymakers in part as a consequence of their relative success in responding to the current crisis; (3) a pragmatic adjustment by the IMF to an altered global economy in which the geography of its influence has been severely restricted, and in which it has become financially dependent on former clients; (4) the need for capital controls by countries at the extremes, i.e. those that faced implosion, and also and more importantly by those that have fared ‘too well’; and (5) the evolution in the ideas of academic economists and IMF staff. The paper also explores tensions around the rebranding of capital controls as exemplified by efforts to ‘domesticate’ their use via a code of conduct.","2015-01-02","2015-04-12 17:37:45","2015-04-12 17:37:45","2015-04-12 17:37:45","7-43","","1","22","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Taylor and Francis+NEJM","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Grabel_2015_(The rebranding of capital controls in an era of productive incoherence).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6S5WEAFZ","journalArticle","2013","Stegmueller, Daniel","How Many Countries for Multilevel Modeling? A Comparison of Frequentist and Bayesian Approaches","American Journal of Political Science","","1540-5907","10.1111/ajps.12001","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ajps.12001/abstract","Researchers in comparative research increasingly use multilevel models to test effects of country-level factors on individual behavior and preferences. However, the asymptotic justification of widely employed estimation strategies presumes large samples and applications in comparative politics routinely involve only a small number of countries. Thus, researchers and reviewers often wonder if these models are applicable at all. In other words, how many countries do we need for multilevel modeling? I present results from a large-scale Monte Carlo experiment comparing the performance of multilevel models when few countries are available. I find that maximum likelihood estimates and confidence intervals can be severely biased, especially in models including cross-level interactions. In contrast, the Bayesian approach proves to be far more robust and yields considerably more conservative tests.","2013-07-01","2014-09-21 21:45:49","2014-09-21 21:45:49","2014-09-21 21:45:49","748-761","","3","57","","American Journal of Political Science","How Many Countries for Multilevel Modeling?","","","","","","","en","©2013, Midwest Political Science Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6S9WHDFH","journalArticle","2012","Closson, Stacy","Challenging the Consensus on the Oil Curse","International Studies Review","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2486.2012.01118.x/abstract","Closson, Stacy. (2012) Challenging the Consensus on the Oil Curse. International Studies Review, doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2486.2012.01118.x","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2012-06-20","346–348","","2","14","","","","","","","","","","en","\copyright 2012 International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6SPDAC93","journalArticle","2009","Javorcik, Beata S.; Wei, Shang-Jin","Corruption and cross-border investment in emerging markets: Firm-level evidence","Journal of International Money and Finance","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0261560609000084","","2009","2014-10-31 00:38:20","2014-10-31 00:38:20","2014-10-31 00:38:20","605–624","","4","28","","","Corruption and cross-border investment in emerging markets","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Javorcik_Wei_2009_(Corruption and cross-border investment in emerging markets).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6SUEJHCQ","journalArticle","1993","Liberman, Peter","The Spoils of Conquest","International Security","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2539099","","1993","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2013-01-09","125–153","","2","18","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1993 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6T9NIFZP","journalArticle","2011","Guriev, Sergei; Kolotilin, Anton; Sonin, Konstantin","Determinants of nationalization in the oil sector: A theory and evidence from panel data","Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization","","","","http://jleo.oxfordjournals.org/content/27/2/301.short","","2011","2014-09-24 22:40:17","2014-09-24 22:40:17","2014-09-24 22:40:17","301–323","","2","27","","","Determinants of nationalization in the oil sector","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Guriev et al_2011_(Determinants of nationalization in the oil sector).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6TCTHAC3","journalArticle","2002","Eicher, Theo; Osang, Thomas","Protection for Sale: An Empirical Investigation: Comment","The American Economic Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3083274","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2012-12-01","1702–1710","","5","92","","","Protection for Sale","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2002 American Economic Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6TI5GHG4","journalArticle","2000","Cowan, R.; David, P. A.; Foray, D.","The explicit economics of knowledge codification and tacitness","Industrial and Corporate Change","","0960-6491, 1464-3650","10.1093/icc/9.2.211","http://icc.oxfordjournals.org/content/9/2/211","This paper attempts a greater precision and clarity of understanding concerning the nature and economic significance of knowledge and its variegated forms by presenting 'the skeptical economist's guide to 'tacit knowledge''. It critically reconsiders the ways in which the concepts of tacitness and codification have come to be employed by economists and develops a more coherent re-conceptualization of these aspects of knowledge production and distribution activities. It seeks also to show that a proposed alternative framework for the study of knowledge codification activities offers a more useful guide for further research directed to informing public policies for science, technological innovation and long-run economic growth.","2000-06-01","2014-09-19 17:26:13","2014-09-19 17:26:13","2014-09-19 17:26:13","211-253","","2","9","","ICC","","","","","","","","en","","","","","icc.oxfordjournals.org","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2000/Cowan et al_2000_(The explicit economics of knowledge codification and tacitness).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6TNIK8CV","journalArticle","2013","Cheon, Andrew; Urpelainen, Johannes","How do Competing Interest Groups Influence Environmental Policy? The Case of Renewable Electricity in Industrialized Democracies, 1989–2007","Political Studies","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1467-9248.12006/full","","2013","2013-10-10 12:57:06","2013-10-10 12:57:06","2013-10-10 12:57:06","","","","","","","How do Competing Interest Groups Influence Environmental Policy?","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6TNN2XSG","book","1995","Gray, Dale","Reforming the Energy Sector in Transition Economies: Selected Experience and Lessons","","0821334247","","","","","1995","2012-05-17 18:18:52","2014-09-04 20:23:21","","","108","","","","","Reforming the Energy Sector in Transition Economies","World Bank discussion papers","296","","","World Bank","Washington, D.C","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD9502.F672 G73 1995","","","","","Eastern; Energy Policy; Europe; Former Soviet republics; Privatization","Europe, Eastern; Former Soviet republics; Privatization","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6TWGZBCK","journalArticle","2010","Gilboa, Itzhak","Questions in Decision Theory","Annual Review of Economics","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.economics.102308.124332","This review surveys a few major questions in the field of decision theory. It is argued that a re-examination of some of the fundamental concepts in decision theory may have important implications to theoretical and even empirical research in economics and related fields.","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2012-09-06","1–19","","1","2","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","group decision; probability; rationality; reasoning; utility","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6UJ7WRTR","book","2007","D'Anieri, Paul J.","Understanding Ukrainian politics : power, politics, and institutional design","","0765618117","","","","","2007","2012-05-10 17:34:22","2014-09-04 20:22:34","","","","","","","","Understanding Ukrainian politics","","","","","M.E. Sharpe","Armonk, N.Y.","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Power (Social sciences) – Ukraine.; Ukraine – Politics and government\textbary1991-","Power (Social sciences) -- Ukraine.; Ukraine -- Politics and government|y1991-","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6UR594K8","journalArticle","1967","Harsanyi, John C.","Games with Incomplete Information Played by “Bayesian” Players","Management Science","","","","http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF01737554","","1967","2015-03-16 16:54:13","2015-03-16 16:59:57","2015-03-16 16:54:13","623-656","","3","14","","","Games with randomly disturbed payoffs","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1967/Harsanyi_1967_(Games with Incomplete Information Played by “Bayesian” Players).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6V28Q28K","journalArticle","2009","Imai, Kosuke; King, Gary; Lau, Olivia","Zelig: Everyone’s statistical software","R package version","","","","http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.118.7412&rep=rep1&type=pdf","","2009","2015-02-26 22:38:34","2015-02-26 22:38:34","2015-02-26 22:38:34","","","5","3","","","Zelig","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Imai et al_2009_(Zelig).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6V72EUT4","journalArticle","2010","Pouliot, Vincent","The materials of practice: Nuclear warheads, rhetorical commonplaces and committee meetings in Russian-Atlantic relations","Cooperation and Conflict","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","","294–311","","3","45","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6V7HX5MM","journalArticle","","Ratti, Ronald A.; Vespignani, Joaquin L.","OPEC and non-OPEC oil production and the global economy","Energy Economics","","0140-9883","10.1016/j.eneco.2014.12.001","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988314003053","Hamilton identifies 1973 to 1996 as “the age of OPEC” and 1997 to the present as “a new industrial age.” During 1974–1996 growth in non-OPEC oil production Granger causes growth in OPEC oil production. OPEC oil production decreases significantly with positive shocks to non-OPEC oil production in the earlier period, but does not do so in the “new industrial age”. In the “new industrial age” OPEC oil production rises significantly with an increase in oil prices, unlike during “the age of OPEC” period. OPEC oil production responds significantly to positive innovations in global GDP throughout. Over 1997:Q1–2012:Q4 the negative effect on real oil price of positive shocks to non-OPEC oil production is larger in absolute value than that of positive shocks to OPEC oil production. The cumulative effects of structural shocks to non-OPEC oil production and to real oil price on OPEC oil production are large. The cumulative effects of structural shocks to OPEC production and real oil price on non-OPEC production are small. Results are robust to changes in model specification. An econometric technique to predict growth in OPEC oil production provides support for the results from the SVAR analysis. Results are consistent with important changes in the global oil market.","","2015-06-30 15:55:47","2015-06-30 15:55:47","2015-06-30 15:55:47","","","","","","Energy Economics","","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files/Ratti_Vespignani_(OPEC and non-OPEC oil production and the global economy).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6VTGGS8B","thesis","1995","Oxley, Joanne Elizabeth","International hybrids: Transaction cost treatment and empirical study","","","","","","","1995","2014-11-04 21:10:02","2014-11-04 21:10:02","","","","","","","","International hybrids","","","","","University of California, Berkeley","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6VVRW9FQ","book","1986","Laitin, David D.","Hegemony and culture: politics and religious change among the Yoruba","","0226467899","","","","","1986","2012-12-28 23:11:52","2014-09-04 20:24:40","","","252","","","","","Hegemony and culture","","","","","University of Chicago Press","Chicago","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","DT515.45.Y67 L35 1986","","","","","Politics and government; religion; Yoruba (African people)","Politics and government; religion; Yoruba (African people)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6WX46PVD","journalArticle","2012","Lü, Xiaobo; Scheve, Kenneth; Slaughter, Matthew J.","Inequity Aversion and the International Distribution of Trade Protection","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2012.00589.x/abstract","One important puzzle in international political economy is why lower-earning and less-skilled intensive industries tend to receive relatively high levels of trade protection. This pattern of protection holds across countries with vastly different economic and political characteristics and is not well accounted for in existing political economy models. We propose and model one possible explanation: that individual inequity aversion leads to systematic differences in support for trade protection across industries. We conduct original survey experiments in China and the United States and provide strong evidence that individual policy opinions about sector-specific trade protection depend on the earnings of workers in the sector. We also present structural estimates that advantageous and disadvantageous inequality influence support for trade protection in the two countries.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2013-01-22","638–654","","3","56","","","","","","","","","","en","\copyright 2012, Midwest Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6X5ZP8US","journalArticle","2011","Ramsay, Kristopher W.","Revisiting the Resource Curse: Natural Disasters, The Price of Oil, and Democracy","International Organization","","","10.1017/S002081831100018X","","Fluctuations in the price of oil and the contemporaneous political changes in oil-producing countries have raised an important question about the link between oil rents, political institutions, and civil liberties. This article presents a simple model of the relationship between resource income and political freedom and, using an instrumental variables approach, estimates the causal effect of shocks to oil revenues on levels of democracy. Using a new data set, multiple measures of democracy, and various specifications, I find that the effect of oil price shocks is larger than might be expected and on the order of the effects found from changes in gross domestic product.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2014-11-24 00:52:20","","507-529","","3","65","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6XC8XWNH","journalArticle","1996","Pirie, Paul","National identity and politics in Southern and Eastern Ukraine","Europe-Asia Studies","","","10.1080/09668139608412401","","","1996","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2014-12-31 16:25:44","","1079–1104","","7","48","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6XHM5ZPZ","journalArticle","2010","Gibbons, Robert","Inside Organizations: Pricing, Politics, and Path Dependence","Annual Review of Economics","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.economics.050708.143304","When economists have considered organizations, much attention has focused on the boundary of the firm, rather than its internal structures and processes. In contrast, this review sketches three approaches to the economic theory of internal organization—one substantially developed, another rapidly emerging, and a third on the horizon. The first approach (pricing) applies Pigou's prescription: If markets get prices wrong, then the economist's job is to fix the prices. The second approach (politics) considers environments where important actions inside organizations simply cannot be priced, so power and control become central. Finally, the third approach (path dependence) complements the first two by shifting attention from the between variance to the within. That is, rather than asking how organizations confronting different circumstances should choose different structures and processes, the focus here is on how path dependence can cause persistent performance differences among seemingly similar enterprises.","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2012-09-06","337–365","","1","2","","","Inside Organizations","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","productivity differences; relational contracts","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6XIS2SAN","manuscript","2010","Collier, David","Process Tracing: Introduction and Exercises","","","","","http://polisci.berkeley.edu/people/faculty/CollierD/Proc%20Trac%20-%20Text%20and%20Story%20-%20Sept%2024.pdf","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Social sciences – Methodology.; Social sciences – Research.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6XNZJCI6","journalArticle","2012","Kleinberg, Katja B.; Robinson, Gregory; French, Stewart L.","Trade Concentration and Interstate Conflict","The Journal of Politics","","","","","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","","529–540","","02","74","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6XTJZ685","journalArticle","2010","Haftel, Yoram Z.","Ratification counts: US investment treaties and FDI flows into developing countries","Review of International Political Economy","","0969-2290","10.1080/09692290903333103","http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09692290903333103","The proliferation of North–South bilateral investment treaties (BITs), which provide investors with favorable treatment and legal protections, is one of the most remarkable trends of the contemporary global economy. Presumably, developing countries conclude these agreements in order to attract much-needed capital to their economies. Although the positive effect of BITs on foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows may seem straightforward, the findings produced by extant research are mixed. This article advances the study of the relationship between BITs and FDI in two manners. First, it draws attention to the often underappreciated distinction between signed and mutually-ratified treaties. It argues that only BITs in force function as a costly signal of pro-investment climate and a credible commitment to the protection of FDI. Second, it employs a comprehensive data set on American investment in developing countries to empirically evaluate the effect of BITs on FDI inflows. Employing a variety of model specifications and accounting for potential endogeneity, the findings indicate that BITs have the expected positive effect on FDI inflows, but only to the extent that they are in force.","2010-06-03","2015-04-12 17:39:36","2015-04-12 17:39:36","2015-04-12 17:39:36","348-377","","2","17","","","Ratification counts","","","","","","","","","","","","Taylor and Francis+NEJM","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Haftel_2010_(Ratification counts).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6Z28MK6T","book","1996","Yates, Douglas Andrew","The rentier state in Africa: oil rent dependency &neocolonialism in the Republic of Gabon","","0865435200 0865435219","","","","","1996","2015-07-16 09:06:47","2015-07-16 09:06:47","","","249","","","","","The rentier state in Africa","","","","","Africa World Press","Trenton, NJ","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD9577.G22 Y38 1996","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6Z4NMQ89","journalArticle","2010","Hopf, T.","The logic of habit in International Relations","European Journal of International Relations","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","","1–23","","10","20","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6Z8FKF6S","journalArticle","2007","Hertog, Steffen","The GCC and Arab economic integration: a new paradigm","Middle East Policy","","","","http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/29875/1/The_GCC_and_Arab_economic_integration_(LSERO).pdf","","2007","2015-07-16 09:42:47","2015-07-16 09:42:47","2015-07-16 09:42:47","52–68","","1","14","","","The GCC and Arab economic integration","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Hertog_2007_(The GCC and Arab economic integration).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6ZAQMGZB","journalArticle","2000","Williamson, Oliver E.","The new institutional economics: taking stock, looking ahead","Journal of economic literature","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2565421","","2000","2015-02-13 02:08:30","2015-02-13 02:08:30","2015-02-13 02:08:30","595–613","","","","","","The new institutional economics","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2000/Williamson_2000_(The new institutional economics).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6ZHJ2VTU","webpage","2013","Hertog, Steffen","Saudi Aramco as a national development agent: recent shifts","","","","","http://www.peacebuilding.no/","Saudi Arabia’s national oil company, Saudi Aramco, has been a critical agent for the social, economic and infrastructural development of Saudi Arabia; its managerial capacities are unrivalled in the Kingdom – and, indeed, the Gulf region. After it played a rather limited role outside the hydrocarbons sector in the 1980s and 1990s, its range of tasks and ambitions has recently again expanded drastically into a number of new policy sectors, including heavy industry, renewable energy, educational reform, infrastructure-building and general industrial development. This presents both opportunities and risks for Aramco, which has started to operate far outside its traditional politically insulated “turf” of running the upstream oil and gas infrastructure in the Kingdom. It is now involved in activities that are more political and more closely scrutinised by the Saudi public, and will have to build up new institutional and political capacities to maintain its reputation for clean and efficient management.","2013-08","2014-11-13 16:12:15","2014-11-13 16:12:15","2014-11-13 16:12:15","","","","","","","Saudi Aramco as a national development agent","","","","","","","en","","Monograph","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Hertog_2013_(Saudi Aramco as a national development agent).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6ZIVVPZ5","journalArticle","1999","Keeley, Brian L.","Of Conspiracy Theories","The Journal of Philosophy","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2564659","","1999","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2013-02-04","109–126","","3","96","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1999 Journal of Philosophy, Inc.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6ZM5DXSE","journalArticle","2011","Kehl, Jenny R.","Rethinking the Resource Curse: A Review Essay on the Politics of Oil Investments","International Studies Review","","","10.1111/j.1468-2486.2011.01020.x","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-11-24 00:46:18","","495-501","","3","13","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6ZTKT4QX","journalArticle","2015","Peterson, Timothy M.","Insiders versus Outsiders Preferential Trade Agreements, Trade Distortions, and Militarized Conflict","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","0022-0027, 1552-8766","10.1177/0022002713520483","http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/59/4/698","A growing literature examines the link between preferential trade agreements (PTAs) and peace among member states. However, despite the potentially competitive nature of these agreements, there has been little research examining whether and how PTAs could induce hostilities between members and nonmembers. In this article, I argue that dyadic conflict is more likely when one dyad member’s exclusive PTA with a third party results in lower exports for the dyad member that is excluded from the agreement. Importantly, I contend that trade creating as well as trade diverting PTAs can have this effect. I use a triadic extension of the gravity model of trade to estimate how an exclusive PTA influences the exports of nonmembers relative to PTA members. Using these estimates in statistical tests of dyadic militarized interstate dispute onset spanning 1961 to 2000, I find that PTA-induced trade distortions are associated with a higher likelihood of conflict between members and nonmembers.","2015-06-01","2015-06-30 11:01:45","2015-06-30 11:01:45","2015-06-30 11:01:45","698-727","","4","59","","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","","","","","en","","","","","jcr.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Peterson_2015_(Insiders versus Outsiders Preferential Trade Agreements, Trade Distortions, and).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6ZU77PI5","journalArticle","2005","Snyder, Richard; Bhavnani, Ravi","Diamonds, Blood, and Taxes A Revenue-Centered Framework for Explaining Political Order","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/49/4/563.short","","2005","2015-07-16 09:22:01","2015-07-16 09:22:01","2015-07-16 09:22:01","563–597","","4","49","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "6ZZVHVNB","journalArticle","1981","Zif, Jehiel","Managerial strategic behavior in state-owned enterprises—Business and political orientations","Management Science","","","","http://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/abs/10.1287/mnsc.27.11.1326","","1981","2014-11-22 21:02:40","2014-11-22 21:02:40","2014-11-22 21:02:40","1326–1339","","11","27","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "727K6E4V","journalArticle","2013","Hafner-Burton, Emilie M.; LeVeck, Brad L.; Victor, David G.; Fowler, James H.","Decision Makers Preferences for International Legal Cooperation","","","","","http://dss.ucsd.edu/ bleveck/behavioralTrade.pdf","","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2013-05-08","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "72F5DAJU","journalArticle","1969","Clarke, James W.","Environment, Process and Policy: A Reconsideration","The American Political Science Review","","00030554","10.2307/1955078","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1955078?origin=crossref","","1969-12","2015-04-12 17:18:34","2015-04-12 17:18:34","2015-04-12 17:18:34","1172","","4","63","","","Environment, Process and Policy","","","","","","","","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/KPMHXU68/1955078.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "72F5UK5V","journalArticle","2006","Hopkins, N.; Dixon, J.","Space, place, and identity: issues for political psychology","Political Psychology","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2014-09-04 18:31:41","","173–185","","2","27","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "72WUZDRX","book","1974","","Big business and the state: changing relations in Western Europe","","0674072758","","","","","1974","2014-11-07 17:17:21","2014-11-07 17:17:41","","","310","","","","","","","","","","Harvard University Press","Cambridge, Mass","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD3616.E82 V37","","","","","","","Vernon, Raymond","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "72XBR8E3","journalArticle","1984","Brander, James A.; Spencer, Barbara J.","Trade warfare: tariffs and cartels","Journal of International Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022199684800021","","1984","2013-10-10 12:55:44","2013-10-10 12:55:44","2013-10-10 12:55:44","227–242","","3","16","","","Trade warfare","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","http://strategy.sauder.ubc.ca/spencer/1984-JIE%20TradeWarfare.pdf","Trade","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "73CDN239","journalArticle","1993","Bethel, Jennifer E.; Liebeskind, Julia","The effects of ownership structure on corporate restructuring","Strategic Management Journal","","1097-0266","10.1002/smj.4250140904","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/smj.4250140904/abstract","This paper investigates the relationship between ownership structure and corporate restructuring in a sample of 93 surviving public Fortune 500 firms during the period 1981–87. The results show that blockholder ownership is associated significantly with corporate restructuring, suggesting that many managers restructured their corporations during the 1980s only when pressured to do so by large shareholders.","1993-06-01","2014-09-19 16:12:07","2014-09-19 16:12:07","2014-09-19 16:12:07","15-31","","S1","14","","Strat. Mgmt. J.","","","","","","","","en","Copyright © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "73ED9BDI","journalArticle","1990","Waltz, Kenneth N.","Nuclear Myths and Political Realities","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1962764","Two pervasive beliefs have given nuclear weapons a bad name: that nuclear deterrence is highly problematic, and that a breakdown in deterrence would mean Armageddon. Both beliefs are misguided and suggest that nearly half a century after Hiroshima, scholars and policy makers have yet to grasp the full strategic implications of nuclear weaponry. I contrast the logic of conventional and nuclear weaponry to show hoe nuclear weapons are in fact a tremendous force for peace and afford nations that possess them the possibility of security at reasonable cost.","1990","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2013-01-09","731–745","","3","84","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1990 American Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "73U526HR","journalArticle","2000","Kirshner, Jonathan","Rationalist explanations for war?","Security Studies","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09636410008429423","","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2013-01-09","143–150","","1","10","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "74QMH7AW","journalArticle","2012","Kessler, Oliver; Guillaume, Xavier","Everyday practices of international relations: people in organizations","Journal of International Relations and Development","","","","http://www.palgrave-journals.com/jird/journal/v15/n1/abs/jird201129a.html","","2012","2015-05-23 14:53:03","2015-05-23 14:53:03","2015-05-23 14:53:03","110–120","","1","15","","","Everyday practices of international relations","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "74WGKHAH","book","2001","","The Practice Turn in Contemporary Theory","","","","","","","2001","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:26:13","","","","","","","","","","","","","Routledge","New York","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Schatzki, Theodore; von Savigny, Eike; Knorr-Cetina, Karin","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "75BW9SUS","journalArticle","1987","Wagner, Richard K.","Tacit knowledge in everyday intelligent behavior","Journal of Personality and Social Psychology","","1939-1315(Electronic);0022-3514(Print)","10.1037/0022-3514.52.6.1236","","Two experiments were conducted to examine the scope and structure of tacit knowledge. In Experiment 1, three groups, whose members differed in level of professional advancement in the field of academic psychology, were presented with simulated work-related situations designed to measure their tacit knowledge. Between-group differences in tacit knowledge were found as a function of level of professional advancement, and strong within-group relations were found between tacit knowledge and external criteria such as rate of citation. The scope of tacit knowledge was found to include (a) knowledge useful in managing oneself, others, and one's tasks, (b) knowledge applicable to both short-term and long-term contexts, and (c) knowledge of ideal quality as well as practical reality. The results of testing four classes of alternative models of the structure of tacit knowledge supported a model characterized by a general factor, similar in form to Spearman's g for academic tasks. Experiment 2 replicated and extended these results to the domain of business management.","1987","2014-09-12 00:52:41","2014-09-12 00:52:41","","1236-1247","","6","52","","","","","","","","","","","(c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved","","","","APA PsycNET","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1987/Wagner_1987_(Tacit knowledge in everyday intelligent behavior).pdf","","","*Educational Background; *Knowledge Level; *Management Personnel; *Occupational Status; *Psychologists; Competence","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "75JGCDSA","journalArticle","2011","De Loecker, Jan","Product Differentiation, Multiproduct Firms, and Estimating the Impact of Trade Liberalization on Productivity","Econometrica","","1468-0262","10.3982/ECTA7617","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.3982/ECTA7617/abstract","This paper studies whether removing barriers to trade induces efficiency gains for producers. Like almost all empirical work which relies on a production function to recover productivity measures, I do not observe physical output at the firm level. Therefore, it is imperative to control for unobserved prices and demand shocks. I develop an empirical model that combines a demand system with a production function to generate estimates of productivity. I rely on my framework to identify the productivity effects from reduced trade protection in the Belgian textile market. This trade liberalization provides me with observed demand shifters that are used to separate out the associated price, scale, and productivity effects. Using a matched plant–product level data set and detailed quota data, I find that correcting for unobserved prices leads to substantially lower productivity gains. More specifically, abolishing all quota protections increases firm-level productivity by only 2 percent as opposed to 8 percent when relying on standard measures of productivity. My results beg for a serious reevaluation of a long list of empirical studies that document productivity responses to major industry shocks and, in particular, to opening up to trade. My findings imply the need to study the impact of changes in the operating environment on productivity together with market power and prices in one integrated framework. The suggested method and identification strategy are quite general and can be applied whenever it is important to distinguish between revenue productivity and physical productivity.","2011","2013-09-17 10:30:37","2013-09-17 10:30:37","2013-09-17 10:30:37","1407–1451","","5","79","","","","","","","","","","en","© 2011 The Econometric Society","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","Firms; Trade","imperfect competition; Production function; trade liberalization","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "764A666R","book","2000","Przeworski, Adam; Alvarez, Michael; Cheibub, José Antonio; Limongi, Fernando","Democracy and development: political institutions and material well-being in the world, 1950-1990","","0521790328","","","","","2000","2012-09-06 12:28:28","2014-09-04 20:25:51","","","321","","","","","Democracy and development","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JC423 .D4395 2000","","","","","Democracy; Economic development; Political aspects","Economic development; Political aspects","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "76D28AJI","journalArticle","2002","Gelb, Alan; Eifert, Benn; Tallroth, Nils Borje","The political economy of fiscal policy and economic management in oil-exporting countries","World Bank Policy Research Working Paper","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=636262","","2002","2015-05-05 10:25:07","2015-05-05 10:25:07","2015-05-05 10:25:07","","","2899","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "76DZXXG9","newspaperArticle","2015","Hubbard, Ben","Salman Ascends Throne to Become Saudi King","The New York Times","","0362-4331","","http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/23/world/middleeast/salman-ascends-throne-to-become-saudi-king.html","Salman bin Abdul-Aziz Al Saud ascended the throne after the death of his brother Abdullah on Friday amid increasing strains on the kingdom.","2015-01-22","2015-12-08 23:55:41","2015-12-08 23:55:41","2015-12-08 23:55:41","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","NYTimes.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "76GPMBX5","journalArticle","2002","Rudra, Nita","Globalization and the decline of the welfare state in less-developed countries","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0020818302441756","","2002","2014-11-05 13:04:15","2014-11-05 13:04:15","2014-11-05 13:04:15","411–445","","02","56","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2002/Rudra_2002_(Globalization and the decline of the welfare state in less-developed countries).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "76HRSGUS","book","1993","Velychenko, Stephen.","Shaping identity in Eastern Europe and Russia : Soviet-Russian and Polish accounts of Ukrainian history, 1914-1991","","0312085524","","","","","1993","2012-05-08 20:19:27","2014-09-04 20:27:11","","","","","","","","Shaping identity in Eastern Europe and Russia","","","","","St. Martin's Press","New York","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","etc.; Historiography – Poland.; Historiography – Soviet Union.; inventions; Ukraine – Historiography.; Ukraine – History\textbarxErrors; Ukraine – History\textbary20th century.; Ukraine – History\textbary20th century\textbarxBibliography.","Historiography -- Poland.; Historiography -- Soviet Union.; Ukraine -- Historiography.; Ukraine -- History|xErrors, inventions, etc.; Ukraine -- History|y20th century.; Ukraine -- History|y20th century|xBibliography.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "76S5ICG4","journalArticle","2005","Adair, W. L.; Brett, J. M.","The negotiation dance: Time, culture, and behavioral sequences in negotiation","Organization Science","","","","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-09-04 18:31:47","","33–51","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "76T7CA2X","book","2005","Rosen, Stephen Peter","War and Human Nature","","0691116008","","","","","2005","2012-05-05 13:19:32","2014-09-04 20:26:03","","","211","","","","","","","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton, N.J","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","U21.2 .R638 2005","","","","","Psychological aspects; War","Psychological aspects","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "76XJXC2N","book","2014","Silverstein, Ken","The Secret World of Oil","","9781781681374","","","","The oil industry provides the lifeblood of modern civilization, and bestselling books have been written about the industry and even individual companies in it, like ExxonMobil. But the modern oil industry is an amazingly shady meeting ground of fixers, gangsters, dictators, competing governments, and multinational corporations, and until now, no book has set out to tell the story of this largely hidden world.The global fleet of some 11,000 tankers—that's tripled during the past decade—moves approximately 2 billion metric tons of oil annually. And every stage of the route, from discovery to consumption, is tainted by corruption and violence, even if little of that is visible to the public.Based on trips to New York, Washington, Houston, London, Paris, Geneva, Phnom Penh, Dakar, Lagos, Baku, and Moscow, among other far-flung locals, The Secret World of Oil includes up-close portraits of a shadowy Baku-based trader; a high-flying London fixer; and an oil dictator's playboy son who has to choose one of his eleven luxury vehicles when he heads out to party in Los Angeles. Supported by funding from the prestigious Open Society, this is both an entertaining global travelogue and a major work of investigative reporting.","2014-05-13","2014-12-13 17:54:05","2014-12-13 17:54:12","","","240","","","","","","","","","","Verso","London","English","","","","","Amazon.com","","","","","http://www.amazon.com/The-Secret-World-Oil-Silverstein/dp/1781681376","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "77FG979J","journalArticle","1997","Albert, M.; Lapid, Y.","On Dialectic and IR Theory: Hazards of a Proposed Marriage","Millennium-Journal of International Studies","","","","","","1997","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","","403–415","","2","26","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "77PFTTZZ","journalArticle","2006","Wibbels, Erik","Dependency revisited: International markets, business cycles, and social spending in the developing world","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0020818306060139","","2006","2014-11-05 13:04:57","2014-11-05 13:04:57","2014-11-05 13:04:57","433–468","","02","60","","","Dependency revisited","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2006/Wibbels_2006_(Dependency revisited).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "77PT3ZVX","journalArticle","2007","Turner, Stephen","Practice Then and Now","Human Affairs","","","","http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10023-007-0011-z","""Practice theory"" has a long history in philosophy, under various names, but current practice theory is a response to failures of projects of modernity or enlightenment which attempt to reduce science or politics to formulae. Heidegger, Oakeshott, and MacIntyre are each examples of philosophers who turned to practice conceptions. Foucault and Bourdieu made similar turns. Practice accounts come in different forms: some emphasize skill-like individual accomplishments, others emphasize the social character or presupposition-like character of the tacit conditions of activities. The Social Theory of Practices problematized the idea of sameness, the idea that participants in an activity had the same tacit possessions, which undermined the idea that practices were collective objects in which individuals participated. Later critics, such as Schatzki and Rouse, emphasized the normative coherence and character of practice, which has a collective aspect. Pickering and others suggested a notion of practices that was de-mentalized and focused on the objects that were part of the practical activity, which provided for the continuity and sociality of practice without collectivizing its mental content. The discovery of mirror neurons suggested a non-collective mode of transmission of practices. The implications of these developments can be seen in connection with ethics, where the conflict between the ethical and the practical can be understood in terms of the intrinsic conflict between the need to behave successfully and our learned ethical intuitions.","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2013-01-31","111–125","","2","17","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "77SKMAD8","journalArticle","2006","Nielson, Daniel L; Tierney, Michael J; Weaver, Catherine E","Bridging the rationalist–constructivist divide: re-engineering the culture of the World Bank","Journal of International Relations and Development","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","","107–139","","2","9","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "789TGEWI","manuscript","2006","Monaghan, Andrew","Russia-EU Relations: An Emerging Security Dilemma","","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "79EQI2ZR","journalArticle","2012","Salehyan, Idean; Hendrix, Cullen S.; Hamner, Jesse; Case, Christina; Linebarger, Christopher; Stull, Emily; Williams, Jennifer","Social Conflict in Africa: A New Database","International Interactions","","0305-0629","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03050629.2012.697426","We describe the Social Conflict in Africa Database (SCAD), a new event dataset for conducting research and analysis on various forms of social and political unrest in Africa. SCAD contains information on over 7,200 instances of protests, riots, strikes, government repression, communal violence, and other forms of unrest for 47 African countries from 1990–2010. SCAD includes information on event dates, actors and targets, lethality, georeferenced location information, and other conflict attributes. This article gives an overview of the data collection process, presents descriptive statistics and trends across the continent, and compares SCAD to the widely used Banks event data. We believe that SCAD will be a useful resource for scholars across multiple disciplines as well as for the policy community.","2012","2013-04-22 03:09:16","2014-09-04 20:26:08","2013-04-22 03:09:16","503-511","","4","38","","","Social Conflict in Africa","","","","","","","","","","","","Taylor and Francis+NEJM","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "79JV26WU","journalArticle","2009","Barnett, M.","Evolution without progress? Humanitarianism in a World of Hurt","international Organization","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2014-09-04 18:31:31","","621–663","","4","63","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "79Z6GWEH","journalArticle","2013","Köllner, Patrick","Informal Institutions in Autocracies","","","","","http://eai.or.kr/data/bbs/eng_report/2013091110523197.pdf","","2013","2015-12-09 20:39:54","2015-12-09 20:39:54","2015-12-09 20:39:54","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Kollner_2013_(Informal Institutions in Autocracies).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7A463HJQ","journalArticle","1994","Brown, Courtney","Politics and the Environment: Nonlinear Instabilities Dominate","The American Political Science Review","","00030554","10.2307/2944704","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2944704?origin=crossref","","1994-06","2015-04-12 17:18:31","2015-04-12 17:18:31","2015-04-12 17:18:31","292","","2","88","","","Politics and the Environment","","","","","","","","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/EHB3KU4Q/2944704.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7A53WHQM","journalArticle","2012","di Giovanni, Julian; Levchenko, Andrei A.","Country Size, International Trade, and Aggregate Fluctuations in Granular Economies","Journal of Political Economy","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/669161","This paper proposes a new mechanism by which country size and international trade affect macroeconomic volatility. We study a model with heterogeneous firms that are subject to idiosyncratic firm-specific shocks, calibrated to data for the 50 largest economies in the world. When the firm size distribution follows a power law with an exponent close to minus one, idiosyncratic shocks to large firms have an impact on aggregate volatility. Smaller countries have fewer firms and, thus, higher volatility. Trade opening makes the large firms more important, thus raising macroeconomic volatility. Trade can increase aggregate volatility by 15–20 percent in some small open economies.","2012","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2013-02-27","1083–1132","","6","120","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2012 The University of Chicago Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7A6G8IUK","journalArticle","1997","Steele, C. M.","A threat in the air. How stereotypes shape intellectual identity and performance.","Am Psychol","","0003-066X","","","A general theory of domain identification is used to describe achievement barriers still faced by women in advanced quantitative areas and by African Americans in school. The theory assumes that sustained school success requires identification with school and its subdomains; that societal pressures on these groups (e.g., economic disadvantage, gender roles) can frustrate this identification; and that in school domains where these groups are negatively stereotyped, those who have become domain identified face the further barrier of stereotype threat, the threat that others' judgments or their own actions will negatively stereotype them in the domain. Research shows that this threat dramatically depresses the standardized test performance of women and African Americans who are in the academic vanguard of their groups (offering a new interpretation of group differences in standardized test performance), that it causes disidentification with school, and that practices that reduce this threat can reduce these negative effects","1997","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:26:47","","613-29","","6","52","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Achievement; Adolescent; African Americans; Child; Female; Humans; Intelligence; Male; non-u.s. gov't; p.h.s.; Psychological Theory; research support; Social Identification; Stereotyping; Students; u.s. gov't; Women","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7A8MHZ38","journalArticle","2011","Hymans, Jacques EC","Veto players, nuclear energy, and nonproliferation: domestic institutional barriers to a Japanese bomb","International Security","","","","http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/ISEC_a_00059","","2011","2013-10-10 12:46:24","2013-10-10 12:46:24","2013-10-10 12:46:24","154–189","","2","36","","","Veto players, nuclear energy, and nonproliferation","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7AARM5HB","journalArticle","2002","Neumann, Iver B.","Returning Practice to the Linguistic Turn: The Case of Diplomacy","Millennium - Journal of International Studies","","","","http://mil.sagepub.com/content/31/3/627.short","","2002","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-12-31 16:23:12","","627–651","","3","31","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7AEPWEHT","journalArticle","2007","Andresen, Steinar","The effectiveness of UN environmental institutions","International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics","","1567-9764, 1573-1553","10.1007/s10784-007-9048-0","http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10784-007-9048-0","This is a study of the effectiveness of key UN institutions focussing on environment and sustainable development: the global conferences on development and the environment, the CSD and UNEP, primarily its co-ordinating functions. According to the indicators used to measure effectiveness here, it is concluded that the overall effectiveness of these institutions is quite low. This particularly applies to the CSD. UNEP has been quite effective in creating new institutions but has been less effective in co-ordinating them. As to the global conferences, their significance has been reduced over time.","2007-09-01","2015-04-12 17:50:12","2015-04-12 17:50:12","2015-04-12 17:50:12","317-336","","4","7","","Int Environ Agreements","","","","","","","","en","","","","","link.springer.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Andresen_2007_(The effectiveness of UN environmental institutions).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7AIX4HU8","journalArticle","2013","Lin, Xiaohua; Farrell, Carlyle","The Internationalization Strategies of Chinese State and Private Sector Enterprises in Africa","Journal of African Business","","1522-8916","10.1080/15228916.2013.804311","http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15228916.2013.804311","The authors examine differences in the internationalization motives, entry approach, local embeddedness, and performance outcomes of Chinese state-owned enterprises and Chinese privately owned enterprises operating in Africa. The authors’ conceptual model explains these differences in light of differences in ownership structure. While prior research has viewed Chinese outward investment from the latecomer perspective, the authors found that the behavior of Chinese privately owned enterprises does not deviate substantially from that described by conventional foreign direct investment theories. Propositions developed are illustrated by case studies, and the theoretical and policy implications are discussed.","2013-05-01","2014-11-05 14:17:44","2014-11-05 14:17:44","2014-11-05 14:17:44","85-95","","2","14","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Taylor and Francis+NEJM","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Lin_Farrell_2013_(The Internationalization Strategies of Chinese State and Private Sector).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7APMQIXU","journalArticle","2010","Ifukor, P.","""Elections"" or ""Selections""? Blogging and Twittering the Nigerian 2007 General Elections","Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society","","0270-4676","10.1177/0270467610380008","","","2010","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 19:26:55","","398-414","","6","30","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7ASG9VTD","journalArticle","2002","Lezaun, Javier","Limiting the Social: Constructivism and Social Knowledge in International Relations","International Studies Review","","","","","","2002","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","","229–234","","3","4","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7AWBM8VW","journalArticle","2012","Fearon, James D.; Waltz, Kenneth N.","A Conversation with Kenneth Waltz","Annual Review of Political Science","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-polisci-020511-174136","Kenneth Waltz's books and articles have definitively shaped the study of international relations over the past fifty years. He developed a version of “Realist” thinking on the subject that has structured research in the entire field, for critics and supporters alike. On March 11, 2011, at his home in New York, he was interviewed by James Fearon, a member of the Editorial Committee of the Annual Review of Political Science. The conversation ranged over some of his best-known arguments and the relationships between them, his thinking about contemporary international politics, and issues in the field that he thinks are understudied relative to their importance. What follows is an edited transcript of that conversation. A video of the entire conversation is available online.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2012-09-06","1–12","","1","15","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Biography; Video Interview","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7B6ZZS5F","journalArticle","2014","Briggs, Ryan C.","Aiding and Abetting: Project Aid and Ethnic Politics in Kenya","World Development","","0305750X","10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.05.027","http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0305750X14001570","","2014-12","2015-03-06 20:17:53","2015-03-06 20:17:53","2015-03-06 20:17:53","194-205","","","64","","","Aiding and Abetting","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Briggs_2014_(Aiding and Abetting).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7BH58H56","journalArticle","2009","Jansen, Bernard J.; Zhang, Mimi; Sobel, Kate; Chowdury, Abdur","Twitter power: Tweets as electronic word of mouth","Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","","2169–2188","","11","60","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7CUVNU92","journalArticle","1991","Corcoran, M. Evan","Foreign Investment and Corporate Control in Japan: T. Boone Pickens and Acquiring Control Through Share Ownership","Law & Pol'y Int'l Bus.","","","","http://heinonlinebackup.com/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/geojintl22§ion=20","","1991","2013-03-15 21:31:50","2014-09-04 20:22:27","2013-03-15 21:31:50","333","","","22","","","Foreign Investment and Corporate Control in Japan","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","FDI","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7D6E767A","book","1981","Dunning, John H.","International production and the multinational enterprise","","0043303196","","","","","1981","2014-11-05 13:00:58","2014-11-05 13:01:06","","","439","","","","","","","","","","Allen & Unwin","Boston","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD2755.5 .D867","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7D7P6KGR","journalArticle","2005","Mendelsohn, Barak","Sovereignty under Attack: The International Society Meets the Al Qaeda Network","Review of International Studies","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/40072071","This article examines the complex relations between a violent non-state actor, the Al Qaeda network, and order in the international system. Al Qaeda poses a challenge to the sovereignty of specific states but it also challenges the international society as a whole. This way, the challenge that Al Qaeda represents is putting the survival of the system under risk. Consequently it requires that the international society will collectively respond to meet the threat. But challenges to both the practical sovereignty of states and to the international society do not have to weaken the system. Instead, such challenges if handled effectively may lead to the strengthening of the society of states: a robust international society is dynamic and responsive to threats. Its members could cooperate to adapt the principles and the institutions on which the system is founded to new circumstances. Through its focus on the preservation qualities of the international society this article also reinforces the significance of the English School to the study of international relations. It raises important questions that could be answered in the framework of the English School.","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2012-10-26","45–68","","1","31","","","Sovereignty under Attack","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2005 Cambridge University Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7DAE73V3","report","2014","Jory, Surendranath Rakesh; Ngo, Thanh Ngoc","Cross-Border Acquisitions of State-Owned Enterprises","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2519485","We examine the decision of private sector enterprises from developed countries to acquire state-owned enterprises (SOEs) abroad. Using a sample of US firms buying targets abroad between 1987 and 2009, we find that bidders of SOE fare worse than bidders of non-SOE both in terms of stock price and operating performance. We also find that the quality of the target country location – as captured by the Economic Freedom of the World (EFW) Index – greatly influences the choice of SOE targets. Interestingly, the quality ranking of the target country location on the EFW Index and the performance of the bidder of a SOE target are inversely related. Our findings imply that the characteristics of the location of the target firm affect bidders’ choice of targets in international mergers and acquisitions; otherwise, acquiring non-SOEs is more lucrative. Furthermore, either limiting conditions in the business environment force managers to work harder to generate more wealth, or in weak legal and business environments buying targets with ties to the government yields extra wealth. Our findings are highly relevant within the international business literature as they influence the choice of foreign market entry mode.","2014-12-01","2015-02-27 23:24:28","2015-02-27 23:24:28","2015-02-27 23:24:28","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2519485","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7DKIHURX","journalArticle","2005","Zürn, Michael; Checkel, Jeffrey T.","Getting Socialized to Build Bridges: Constructivism and Rationalism, Europe and the Nation-State","International Organization","","","","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","","","","04","59","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7DKU3JMW","journalArticle","2014","Drozdova, Katya; Gaubatz, Kurt Taylor","Reducing Uncertainty: Information Analysis for Comparative Case Studies","International Studies Quarterly","","1468-2478","10.1111/isqu.12101","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/isqu.12101/abstract","The increasing integration of qualitative and quantitative analysis has largely focused on the benefits of in-depth case studies for enhancing our understanding of statistical results. This article goes in the other direction to show how some very straightforward quantitative methods drawn from information theory can strengthen comparative case studies. Using several prominent “structured, focused comparison” studies, we apply the information-theoretic approach to further advance these studies' findings by providing systematic, comparable, and replicable measures of uncertainty and influence for the factors they identified. The proposed analytic tools are simple enough to be used by a wide range of scholars to enhance comparative case study findings and ensure the maximum leverage for discerning between alternative explanations as well as cumulating knowledge from multiple studies. Our approach especially serves qualitative policy-relevant case comparisons in international studies, which have typically avoided more complex or less applicable quantitative tools.","2014-09-01","2015-06-30 15:59:06","2015-06-30 15:59:06","2015-06-30 15:59:06","633-645","","3","58","","Int Stud Q","Reducing Uncertainty","","","","","","","en","© 2013 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Drozdova_Gaubatz_2014_(Reducing Uncertainty).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7EA9CQ3S","book","2013","Colgan, Jeff D.","Petro-Aggression: When Oil Causes War","","1107654971","","","","","2013","2013-03-04 18:05:14","2014-11-24 00:34:25","","","324","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","New York","","","","","","","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7EHW79AX","book","2008","Plokhy, Serhii.","Ukraine and Russia : representations of the past","","9780802093271","","","","","2008","2012-05-08 20:23:10","2014-09-04 20:25:44","","","","","","","","Ukraine and Russia","","","","","University of Toronto Press","Toronto","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Nationalism – Ukraine\textbarxHistory\textbary19th century.; Nationalism – Ukraine\textbarxHistory\textbary20th century.; Russia – History\textbary19th century.; Russia – History\textbary20th century.; Ukraine – History\textbary19th century\textbarxHistoriography.; Ukraine – History\textbary20th century\textbarxHistoriography.","Nationalism -- Ukraine|xHistory|y19th century.; Nationalism -- Ukraine|xHistory|y20th century.; Russia -- History|y19th century.; Russia -- History|y20th century.; Ukraine -- History|y19th century|xHistoriography.; Ukraine -- History|y20th century|xHistoriography.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7ES76GP9","journalArticle","1996","Hall, Alastair R.; Rudebusch, Glenn D.; Wilcox, David W.","Judging instrument relevance in instrumental variables estimation","International Economic Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2527324","","1996","2015-02-02 22:57:38","2015-02-03 15:26:08","2015-02-02 22:57:38","283–298","","2","37","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1996/Hall et al_1996_(Judging instrument relevance in instrumental variables estimation).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7ESANHRW","journalArticle","2006","Pouliot, Vincent","The Alive and Well Transatlantic Security Community: A Theoretical Reply to Michael Cox","European Journal of International Relations","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","","119–127","","1","12","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7F4DRGVD","journalArticle","2005","Kuzio, Taras","From Kuchma to Yushchenko","Problems of Post-Communism","","","","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","","","","","52","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7FDFK8V3","journalArticle","2001","Moravcsik, Andrew","'Is something rotten in the state of Denmark?' Constructivism and European integration","Journal of European Public Policy","","","","","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","","669–681","","4","6","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7FDN6BQ6","journalArticle","1989","North, Douglass C.; Weingast, Barry R.","Constitutions and commitment: the evolution of institutions governing public choice in seventeenth-century England","Journal of Economic History","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0022050700009451","This article studies the evolution of constitutional arrangements in seventeenth-century England following the Glorious Revolution of 1688. It focuses on the relationship between institutions and the behavior of the government and interprets the institutional changes on the basis of the goals of the winners: secure property rights, protection of their wealth, and the elimination of confiscatory government. We argue that the new institutions allowed the government to commit credibly to upholding property rights. Their success was remarkable, as the evidence from capital markets shows.","1989","2014-10-31 14:10:02","2014-10-31 14:20:02","2014-10-31 14:10:02","803–832","","04","49","","","Constitutions and commitment","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1989/North_Weingast_1989_(Constitutions and commitment).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7FNQMTDD","bookSection","2011","Lin, Kun-Chin","Governing Chinese National Oil Corporations: From Administrative to Corporate Hierarchy","Enterprising China: business, economic, and legal developments since 1979","9780199205837 0199205833 9780199205820 0199205825","","","","","2011","2015-04-29 08:32:28","2015-04-29 08:33:02","","","","","","","","","","","","","Oxford University Press","Oxford","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","KNQ3190 .Y84 2011","","","","","","","Yueh, Linda Y.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7FX76V4W","journalArticle","2012","Hainmueller, J.","Entropy Balancing for Causal Effects: A Multivariate Reweighting Method to Produce Balanced Samples in Observational Studies","Political Analysis","","1047-1987, 1476-4989","10.1093/pan/mpr025","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/doi/10.1093/pan/mpr025","","2012-01-01","2014-11-21 23:09:29","2014-11-21 23:09:29","2014-11-21 23:09:29","25-46","","1","20","","","Entropy Balancing for Causal Effects","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Hainmueller_2012_(Entropy Balancing for Causal Effects).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7G4JMEIK","journalArticle","2010","Lindsay, J. M.; Takeyh, R.","After Iran gets the bomb","Foreign Affairs","","","","http://www.catalunyaoberta.cat/statics/files/ForeignAffairs5.pdf","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2012-08-30","33–49","","2","89","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7GQ69376","journalArticle","2007","Tomer, John F.","What is behavioral economics?","The Journal of Socio-Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053535706001156","","2007","2015-04-18 00:36:37","2015-04-18 00:36:37","2015-04-18 00:36:37","463–479","","3","36","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Tomer_2007_(What is behavioral economics).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7I7C6IUC","journalArticle","2006","Braumoeller, B. F.","Explaining Variance; Or, Stuck in a Moment We Can't Get Out Of","Political Analysis","","1047-1987, 1476-4989","10.1093/pan/mpj009","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/doi/10.1093/pan/mpj009","","2006-06-14","2015-02-18 22:19:01","2015-02-18 22:19:01","2015-02-18 22:19:01","268-290","","3","14","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2006/Braumoeller_2006_(Explaining Variance; Or, Stuck in a Moment We Can't Get Out Of).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7INH3Z7X","journalArticle","2014","Anshasy, Amany A. El","Oil shocks and oil producers' growth: where did all the spending go?","OPEC Energy Review","","","","http://econpapers.repec.org/article/blaopecrv/v_3a38_3ay_3a2014_3ai_3a3_3ap_3a243-271.htm","I use panel unit root tests and panel error correction models to examine the effects of oil windfall shocks and types of public spending on economic performance in 16 oil-producing countries over the period 1972–2008. Higher oil prices seem to reduce non-oil growth in the long run, but stimulate it in the short run. However, oil abundance may or may not become a ‘curse’ conditional on how the windfalls are managed. I find that the large windfalls of the 1970s and the 2000s have contributed to the slow long-run growth performance, after controlling for the composition of public spending. Public sector wages stimulated long-run non-oil growth in more oil-abundant economies; but had a negative effect in less oil-endowed countries. The large public investment programs were not effective in stimulating non-oil long-run growth; and the higher the dependency on oil, the lesser the contribution of new infrastructure investments to the non-oil sector's growth.","2014","2015-09-14 21:05:45","2015-09-14 21:05:45","2015-09-14 21:05:45","243-271","","3","38","","","Oil shocks and oil producers' growth","","","","","","","","","","","","RePEc - Econpapers","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Anshasy_2014_(Oil shocks and oil producers' growth).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7ISATERW","journalArticle","2005","Rytovuori-Apunen, H.","Forget 'Post-Positivist' IR!: The Legacy of IR Theory as the Locus for a Pragmatist Turn","Cooperation and Conflict","","","","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2014-09-04 18:31:31","","147–177","","2","40","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","delete; rename","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7ITQV39A","journalArticle","1994","Western, Bruce; Jackman, Simon","Bayesian Inference for Comparative Research","American Political Science Review","","00030554","10.2307/2944713","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2944713?origin=crossref","","1994-06","2015-03-19 16:35:33","2015-03-19 16:35:45","2015-03-19 16:35:33","412","","2","88","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1994/Western_Jackman_1994_(Bayesian Inference for Comparative Research).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7J38PQJU","journalArticle","2015","Bretthauer, Judith M.","Conditions for Peace and Conflict Applying a Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis to Cases of Resource Scarcity","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","0022-0027, 1552-8766","10.1177/0022002713516841","http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/59/4/593","This study applies fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) to the debate on links between resource scarcity and armed conflict. Previous studies on this relationship have reached contradictory results. This study aims to solve this contradiction by arguing that social, economic, and political conditions play an important role in determining whether armed conflict erupts over resource scarcity. I test three theoretic hypotheses, focusing on weak states, economic situations of households, and human ingenuity. I compare fifteen resource scarce cases with conflict to sixteen cases without armed conflict. My analysis supports the hypothesis that the economic situation of households and the levels of human ingenuity matter. In particular, the impact of high dependence on agriculture and low levels of tertiary education on the link between resource scarcity and conflict is discussed. While employing an fsQCA proves a valuable step in accounting for contradictory results, limits of the methods are apparent as well.","2015-06-01","2015-06-30 11:00:50","2015-06-30 11:00:50","2015-06-30 11:00:50","593-616","","4","59","","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","","","","","en","","","","","jcr.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Bretthauer_2015_(Conditions for Peace and Conflict Applying a Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7JFSB3KC","journalArticle","1994","Mearsheimer, John J.","The False Promise of International Institutions","International Security","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2539078","","1994","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2012-05-05","5–49","","3","19","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7JNKCJQ8","journalArticle","2011","Florini, Ann; Dubash, Navroz K.","Introduction to the special issue: governing energy in a fragmented world","Global Policy","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1758-5899.2011.00131.x/full","","2011","2013-10-10 12:58:21","2014-12-04 02:54:29","2013-10-10 12:58:21","1–5","","1","2","","","Introduction to the special issue","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7JRAQRFE","journalArticle","2008","He, Canfei; Wei, Yehua Dennis; Xie, Xiuzhen","Globalization, institutional change, and industrial location: Economic transition and industrial concentration in China","Regional Studies","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00343400701543272","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2013-03-30","923–945","","7","42","","","Globalization, institutional change, and industrial location","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7K295F3C","journalArticle","1995","Angrist, Joshua; Imbens, Guido","Identification and estimation of local average treatment effects","Econometrica","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/t0118","","1995","2015-02-02 23:02:44","2015-02-02 23:03:15","2015-02-02 23:02:44","467-475","","2","62","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1995/Angrist_Imbens_1995_(Identification and estimation of local average treatment effects).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7KI8VKGE","journalArticle","2008","Stone, R. W; Slantchev, B. L; London, T. R","Choosing How to Cooperate: A Repeated Public-Goods Model of International Relations","International Studies Quarterly","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","","335–362","","2","52","","","Choosing How to Cooperate","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7KSMMK58","journalArticle","1979","Baldwin, David A.","Power Analysis and World Politics: New Trends versus Old Tendencies","World Politics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2009941","Recent refinements in social science thinking about power could be used to revitalize this approach to understanding international relations. The relevance of scholarly work on the causal concept of power is explored with regard to the following topics: potential vs. actual power, interdependence, military power, positive sanctions, the zero-sum model of politics, and the distinction between deterrence and compellence. The tendency to exaggerate the fungibility of power resources, the propensity to treat military power resources as the ""ultimate"" power base, and the emphasis on conflict and negative sanctions at the expense of cooperation and positive sanctions, are still common in international relations scholarship. The most important need is for recognition that the absence of a common denominator of political value in terms of which different scopes of power can be compared is not so much a methodological problem to be solved as it is a real-world constraint to be lived with.","1979","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2014-09-04 18:31:53","","161–194","","2","31","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1979 Trustees of Princeton University","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7ME52RF3","book","1986","Aharoni, Yair","The evolution and management of state owned enterprises","","0582988292","","","","","1986","2014-11-13 23:30:42","2014-11-13 23:30:52","","","475","","","","","","","","","","Ballinger Publishers","Cambridge, MA","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD3850 .A46 1986","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7MMM8JJ4","journalArticle","2013","Kucik, Jeffrey; Moraguez, Ashley","The Domestic Politics of Trade Agreement Ratification","","","","","https://www.princeton.edu/politics/about/file-repository/public/PTA-Voting-in-the-US-House-Kucik-and-Moraguez.pdf","","2013","2014-09-29 02:15:44","2014-09-29 02:15:44","2014-09-29 02:15:44","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Kucik_Moraguez_2013_(The Domestic Politics of Trade Agreement Ratification).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7MPFWJ5D","thesis","2010","Hill, Jennifer G.","Takeovers, Poison Pills and Protectionism in Comparative Corporate Governance","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1704745","","2010","2013-03-15 21:57:31","2014-09-04 20:23:52","2013-03-15 21:57:31","","","","","","","","","","","","University of Sydney","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7MVPI6GI","journalArticle","2010","Abbring, Jaap H.","Identification of Dynamic Discrete Choice Models","Annual Review of Economics","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.economics.102308.124349","Econometric models of dynamic discrete choice processes are applied to a wide variety of economic problems. Recent research on their empirical content has brought important new insights. It has clarified the conditions for their identification from choice and covariate panel data in the absence of dynamic selection on unobservables. It has provided important new identification results for discrete-time models with unobserved heterogeneity and unobserved states. Finally, it has enhanced the attractiveness of continuous-time models, by developing new insights on the identification of continuous-time optimal stopping models. Current developments in the literature promise to shed further light on the specification and identification of models with unobserved state variables, theory-based nonproportional hazard models, continuous-time optimal stopping models with time-varying covariates, and dynamic games in discrete and continuous time.","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2012-09-06","367–394","","1","2","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","discrete decision process; hazard; heterogeneity; hitting time; optimal stopping","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7N8D3W7S","journalArticle","1998","Edwards, Bob; Foley, Michael W.","Civil Society and Social Capital Beyond Putnam","American Behavioral Scientist","","","","http://abs.sagepub.com/content/42/1/124","Both civil society and social capital have proven useful heuristics for drawing attention to neglected nonmarket aspects of social reality and constitute a needed corrective to narrowly economistic models. However, both break down, although in different ways, when treated as the basis for elaborating testable hypotheses and further theory. Civil society is most useful in polemical or normative contexts, but attempts to distinguish it from other sectors of society typically break down in unresolvable boundary disputes over just what constitutes civil society and what differentiates it from “state” and “market.” Work by Robert Putnam and others has assimilated social capital to the civic culture model, using it as just another label for the norms and values of the empirical democratic theory of the 1950s. This strategy undermines the empirical value of James Coleman and Pierre Bourdieu's useful social relational concept.","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2012-09-06","124–139","","1","42","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7NB323C2","manuscript","2012","Zhang, Xin","Governance Structure, Corruption, and Global Expansion of National Oil Companies from Emerging Countries","","","","","http://www.units.muohio.edu/havighurstcenter/conferences/documents/GoverningNOCs-zhang.pdf","","2012","2013-10-09 21:12:48","2014-11-22 22:51:53","2013-10-09 21:12:48","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7NDEGU6M","journalArticle","2011","Crawford, T. W.","Preventing Enemy Coalitions: How Wedge Strategies Shape Power Politics","International Security","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","","155–189","","4","35","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7NNPKM9K","journalArticle","2008","Aalberts, T. E.; Van Munster, R.","From Wendt to Kuhn: Reviving the ‘Third Debate’in International Relations","International Politics","","","","http://www.palgrave-journals.com/ip/journal/v45/n6/abs/ip200826a.html","","2008","2012-11-01 03:21:14","2012-11-01 03:21:14","2012-11-01 03:21:14","720–746","","6","45","","","From Wendt to Kuhn","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7NWMFBBZ","journalArticle","2002","Mansfield, Edward D.; Milner, Helen V.; Rosendorff, B. Peter","Replication, realism, and robustness: Analyzing political regimes and international trade","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2014-09-04 18:31:31","","167–170","","1","96","","","Replication, realism, and robustness","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7NXJAR4H","journalArticle","2014","de Marchi, Scott; Page, Scott E.","Agent-Based Models","Annual Review of Political Science","","","10.1146/annurev-polisci-080812-191558","http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-080812-191558","Agent-based models (ABMs) provide a methodology to explore systems of interacting, adaptive, diverse, spatially situated actors. Outcomes in ABMs can be equilibrium points, equilibrium distributions, cycles, randomness, or complex patterns; these outcomes are not directly determined by assumptions but instead emerge from the interactions of actors in the model. These behaviors may range from rational and payoff-maximizing strategies to rules that mimic heuristics identified by cognitive science. Agent-based techniques can be applied in isolation to create high-fidelity models and to explore new questions using simple constructions. They can also be used as a complement to deductive techniques. Overall, ABMs offer the potential to advance social sciences and to help us better understand our complex world.","2014","2014-05-14 20:07:49","2014-05-14 20:07:49","2014-05-14 20:07:49","1-20","","1","17","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7P875IWV","book","1976","Hymer, Stephen","The international operations of national firms: A study of direct foreign investment","","","","","http://teaching.ust.hk/~mgto650p/meyer/readings/1/01_Hymer.pdf","","1976","2014-11-04 22:40:02","2014-11-04 22:40:20","2014-11-04 22:40:02","","","","","","","The international operations of national firms","","","","","MIT Press","Cambridge, MA","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1976/Hymer_1976_(The international operations of national firms).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7PHH8THA","journalArticle","2001","Johnston, Alastair Iain","Treating International Institutions as Social Environments","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3096058","Socialization theory is a neglected source of explanations for cooperation in international relations. Neorealism treats socialization (or selection, more properly) as a process by which autistic non-balancers are weeded out of the anarchical international system. Contractual institutionalists ignore or downplay the possibilities of socialization in international institutions in part because of the difficulties in observing changes in interests and preferences. For constructivists socialization is a central concept. But to date it has been undertheorized, or more precisely, the microprocesses of socialization have been generally left unexamined. This article focuses on two basic microprocesses in socialization theory-persuasion and social influence-and develops propositions about the social conditions under which one might expect to observe cooperation in institutions. Socialization theories pose questions for both the structural-functional foundations of contractual institutionalist hypotheses about institutional design and cooperation, and notions of optimal group size for collective action.","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2012-05-05","487–515","","4","45","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7PKDREHN","journalArticle","2003","Anderson, Jeremy","The Role of Education in Political Stability","Hobbes Studies","","","","","","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","","95–104","","","26","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7PUBSZAD","report","2013","Lee, Yen-Teik; Nguyen, Bang Dang; Do, Quoc-Anh","Political Connections and Firm Value: Evidence from the Regression Discontinuity Design of Close Gubernatorial Elections","","","","","http://ideas.repec.org/p/spo/wpmain/infohdl2441-7o52iohb7k6srk09n0dcia0po.html","Using the network of university classmates among corporate directors and politicians and the regression discontinuity design of close gubernatorial elections from 1999 to 2010, we identify the positive and significant impact of social-network based political connections on firm value. Firms connected to elected governors increase value by 1.36% on average surrounding the election date. Political connections are more valuable in a state with a higher level of regulation and corruption, in smaller firms, and in firms dependent on external finance. Firms connected to election winners invest more, earn better operating performance, hold more cash, and enjoy better long-term stock performance.","2013","2013-09-17 09:40:15","2013-09-17 09:40:15","2013-09-17 09:40:15","","","","","","","Political Connections and Firm Value","","","","","Sciences Po","","","","Sciences Po publications","","","RePEc - IDEAS","","","","","","Firms","close election; firm value; gubernatorial election; Political connection; regression discontinuity design.; social network","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","15","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7QHJURHI","journalArticle","1995","Markusen, James R.","The boundaries of multinational enterprises and the theory of international trade","The Journal of Economic Perspectives","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2138172","","1995","2014-11-04 23:40:39","2014-11-04 23:40:39","2014-11-04 23:40:39","169–189","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1995/Markusen_1995_(The boundaries of multinational enterprises and the theory of international).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7QMRVN92","journalArticle","2015","Haque, Shamima; Islam, Muhammad Azizul","Stakeholder pressures on corporate climate change-related accountability and disclosures: Australian evidence","Business and Politics","","","","http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/bap.ahead-of-print/bap-2014-0017/bap-2014-0017.xml","AbstractThis study investigates stakeholder pressures on corporate climate change-related accountability and disclosure practices in Australia. While existing scholarship investigates stakeholder pressures on companies to discharge their broader accountability through general social and environmental disclosures, there is a lack of research investigating whether and how stakeholder pressures emerge to influence accountability and disclosure practices related to climate change. We surveyed various stakeholder groups to understand their concerns about climate change-related corporate accountability and disclosure practices. We present three primary findings: first, while NGOs and the media have some influence, institutional investors and government bodies (regulators) are perceived to be the most powerful stakeholders in generating climate change-related concern and coercive pressure on corporations to be accountable. Second, corporate climate change-related disclosures, as documented through the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP), are positively associated with such perceived coercive pressures. Lastly, we find a positive correlation between the level of media attention to climate change and Australian corporate responses to the CDP. Our results indicate that corporations will not disclose climate change information until pressured by non-financial stakeholders. This suggests a larger role for non-financial actors than previously theorized, with several policy implications.","2015-04-17","2015-06-30 11:03:36","2015-06-30 11:03:36","2015-06-30 11:03:36","","","0","0","","","Stakeholder pressures on corporate climate change-related accountability and disclosures","","","","","","","","","","","","www.degruyter.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Haque_Islam_2015_(Stakeholder pressures on corporate climate change-related accountability and).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7QUHC5FF","journalArticle","2014","Adler-Nissen, Rebecca","Stigma Management in International Relations: Transgressive Identities, Norms, and Order in International Society","International Organization","","1531-5088","10.1017/S0020818313000337","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0020818313000337","This article develops a theoretical approach to stigma in international relations and resituates conventional approaches to the study of norms and international order. Correcting the general understanding that common values and norms are the building blocks of social order, this article claims that international society is in part constructed through the stigmatization of “transgressive” and norm-violating states and their ways of coping with stigma. Drawing on Erving Goffman, this article shows that states are not passive objects of socialization, but active agents. Stigmatized states cope strategically with their stigma and may, in some cases, challenge and even transform a dominant moral discourse. A typology of stigma management strategies is presented: stigma recognition (illustrated by Germany); stigma rejection (illustrated by Austria); and finally counter-stigmatization (illustrated by Cuba). Because of the lack of agreement on what constitutes normal state behavior, attempts to impose stigma may even have the opposite effect—the stigmatizers become the transgressive. A focus on stigma opens up new avenues for research on norms, identities, and international order.","2014-01","2015-03-25 18:33:01","2015-03-25 18:33:01","2015-03-25 18:33:01","143–176","","01","68","","","Stigma Management in International Relations","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Adler-Nissen_2014_(Stigma Management in International Relations).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7RFI8VKX","journalArticle","2012","Farrell, Henry","The Consequences of the Internet for Politics","Annual Review of Political Science","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-polisci-030810-110815","Political scientists are only now beginning to come to terms with the importance of the Internet to politics. The most promising way to study the Internet is to look at the role that causal mechanisms such as the lowering of transaction costs, homophilous sorting, and preference falsification play in intermediating between specific aspects of the Internet and political outcomes. This will allow scholars to disentangle the relevant causal relationships and contribute to important present debates over whether the Internet exacerbates polarization in the United States, and whether social media helped pave the way toward the Arab Spring uprisings of 2011. Over time, ever fewer political scientists are likely to study the Internet as such, as it becomes more and more a part of everyday political life. However, integrating the Internet's effects with present debates over politics, and taking proper advantage of the extraordinary data that it can provide, requires good causal arguments and attention to their underlying mechanisms.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2012-09-06","35–52","","1","15","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Arab Spring; homophily; information cascades; information technology; polarization; preference falsification","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7RH8K3FZ","journalArticle","2012","Ostrovsky, Michael","Information aggregation in dynamic markets with strategic traders","Econometrica","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.3982/ECTA8479/abstract","","2012","2013-09-17 10:18:29","2013-09-17 10:18:29","2013-09-17 10:18:29","2595–2647","","6","80","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Bargaining","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7RN58BTC","journalArticle","2015","Kelley, Judith G.; Pevehouse, Jon C.W.","An Opportunity Cost Theory of US Treaty Behavior","International Studies Quarterly","","1468-2478","10.1111/isqu.12185","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/isqu.12185/abstract","The United States often leads in the creation of treaties, but it sometimes never joins those treaties or does so only after considerable delay. This presents an interesting puzzle. Most international relations theory expects states to join treaties as long as the benefits outweigh the costs. Domestic theories modify this with the constraints of institutional veto players. Yet, sometimes neither of these arguments explains the delay or absence of US participation. We supplement these explanations with an opportunity cost theory. We argue that the advice and consent process sometimes slows or stalls because it imposes costs in terms of legislative time and political capital. These costs alter the calculus of key players and may obstruct the process. Statistical analysis supports the argument. The priority the Senate and President give to treaties depends not only on the value they assign to the treaty, but also on the value of the time needed to process the treaty. Presidents are less, not more, likely to transmit treaties to the Senate the more support they have in Congress. Furthermore, the more support the President has in Congress, the more the cost of Senate floor time matters for advice and consent.","2015","2015-02-03 15:23:33","2015-02-03 15:24:27","2015-02-03 15:23:33","1-13","","","","","Int Stud Q","","","","","","","","en","© 2015 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Kelley_Pevehouse_2015_(An Opportunity Cost Theory of US Treaty Behavior).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7RPVZD6Z","bookSection","1990","Bates, Robert","Macropolitical economy in the field of development","Perspectives on positive political economy","","","","","","1990","2012-05-18 16:40:43","2014-09-04 20:13:40","","31-54","","","13","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","Alt, James; Shepsle, Kenneth A.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7RQRFIAT","journalArticle","2010","Brincat, S.","Towards a social-relational dialectic for world politics","European Journal of International Relations","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","","1–25","","10","20","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","agency; change; determinism; dialectics; open-endedness; Relations; social; structure","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7RRCZ5XE","journalArticle","2009","Hafner-Burton, Emilie M.; Kahler, Miles; Montgomery, Alexander H.","Network Analysis for International Relations","International Organization","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","","559–592","","Summer","63","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7RUEVAFR","journalArticle","1997","Adler, E.","Seizing the Middle Ground: Constructivism in World Politics","European Journal of International Relations","","","","","","1997","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","","319–363","","3","3","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7S5SKKUW","journalArticle","1974","Krueger, Anne O.","The Political Economy of the Rent-Seeking Society","The American Economic Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1808883","","1974","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2012-09-20","291–303","","3","64","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1974 American Economic Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7T6GPQ9J","book","2007","Swain, Adam.","Re-constructing the post-Soviet industrial region : the Donbas in transition","","0415322286","","","http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip071/2006031338.html","","2007","2012-05-08 20:10:12","2014-09-04 20:27:48","2012-05-08 20:10:12","","","","","","","Re-constructing the post-Soviet industrial region","","","","","Routledge","London","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Donets Basin (Ukraine and Russia) – Economic conditions.; Donets Basin (Ukraine and Russia) – Politics and government.; Donets Basin (Ukraine and Russia) – Social conditions.","Donets Basin (Ukraine and Russia) -- Economic conditions.; Donets Basin (Ukraine and Russia) -- Politics and government.; Donets Basin (Ukraine and Russia) -- Social conditions.","","","","Swain, Adam.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7TD3FN2D","book","1992","Tilly, Charles","Coercion, capital, and European states, AD 990-1992","","1557863687","","","","","1992","2012-09-06 12:25:47","2014-09-04 20:27:04","","","271","","","","","","Studies in social discontinuity","","","","Blackwell","Cambridge, MA","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JN94.A2 T54 1992","","","","","Capitalism; Economic conditions; Europe; History; Politics and government","Capitalism; Economic conditions; Europe; Politics and government","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7THSDSIR","book","2003","Varshney, Ashutosh","Ethnic conflict and civic life: Hindus and Muslims in India","","","","","","","2003","2012-11-07 04:20:41","2014-09-04 20:27:10","","","382","","","","","Ethnic conflict and civic life","","","","","Yale University Press","New Haven","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","DS422.C64 V37 2003","","","","","1947-; Communalism; Ethnic conflict; Hindus; India; Muslims; Politics and government","1947-; Communalism; Ethnic conflict; Hindus; India; Muslims; Politics and government","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7TNXS32F","book","1996","Laudan, Larry","Beyond Positivism and Relativism: Theory, Method, and Evidence","","0813324688","","","","","1996","2012-05-05 14:32:04","2014-09-04 20:24:44","","","277","","","","","Beyond Positivism and Relativism","","","","","Westview Press","Boulder, CO","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","Q175 .L2938 1996","","","","","Methodology; Philosophy; Positivism; science","Philosophy; Positivism; Science","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7TUV7RHI","journalArticle","1998","Gasiorowski, Mark J.; Power, Timothy J.","The Structural Determinants of Democratic Consolidation Evidence from the Third World","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/31/6/740.short","","1998","2015-12-08 20:32:06","2015-12-08 20:32:06","2015-12-08 20:32:06","740–771","","6","31","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1998/Gasiorowski_Power_1998_(The Structural Determinants of Democratic Consolidation Evidence from the Third).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7TV9RU74","journalArticle","1994","Solchanyk, Roman","The Politics of State Building: Centre-Periphery Relations in Post-Soviet Ukraine","Europe-Asia Studies","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/153030","","1994","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2012-05-09","47–68","","1","46","","","The Politics of State Building","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7U5ZNHZ6","journalArticle","2014","Acemoglu, Daron; Robinson, James A.","The Rise and Decline of General Laws of Capitalism","NBER Working Paper","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w20766","","2014","2015-02-18 14:04:36","2015-02-18 14:05:15","2015-02-18 14:04:36","","","","20766","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Acemoglu_Robinson_2014_(The Rise and Decline of General Laws of Capitalism).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7U6IVGWH","journalArticle","2015","Moon, Chungshik","Foreign Direct Investment, Commitment Institutions, and Time Horizon: How Some Autocrats Do Better than Others","International Studies Quarterly","","1468-2478","10.1111/isqu.12182","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/isqu.12182/abstract","Why do some autocratic governments do better than others in attracting foreign direct investment (FDI)? The received wisdom holds that democracies enjoy advantages over autocracies when it comes to attracting FDI. But there exist autocratic countries that attract substantial amounts of FDI. For example, during the last two decades, about half of the top 20 non-OECD host countries are nondemocratic. Focusing on the role of commitment institutions by which host countries can commit their protection of foreign assets, I argue that autocrats with long time horizons can provide stronger institutions to protect property rights. This allows them to attract more FDI. Using an error correction model (EDM) covering autocratic countries from 1970 to 2008, I find evidence that strongly supports my argument. These findings suggest that what matters to foreign investors is not regime type per se but specific institutional features of the host country. Insofar as host countries provide sound institutions to protect foreign assets, they would be able to attract more foreign investment.","2015","2015-01-15 20:33:50","2015-01-15 20:33:50","2015-01-15 20:33:50","n/a-n/a","","","","","Int Stud Q","Foreign Direct Investment, Commitment Institutions, and Time Horizon","","","","","","","en","© 2015 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Moon_2015_(Foreign Direct Investment, Commitment Institutions, and Time Horizon).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7UC84656","journalArticle","1977","Hoffmann, Stanley","An American Social Science: International Relations","Daedalus","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/20024493","","1977","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2012-05-05","41–60","","3","106","","","An American Social Science","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7UFVH9QM","journalArticle","2014","Nielsen, Richard A.","Case selection via matching","Sociological Methods & Research","","","","http://smr.sagepub.com/content/early/2014/10/24/0049124114547054.abstract","","2014","2015-05-06 16:41:08","2015-05-06 16:41:13","2015-05-06 16:41:08","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/AQNA6HPR/Case Selection via Matching.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7V9UJ3PM","journalArticle","2014","Pan, Yigang; Teng, Lefa; Supapol, Atipol Bhanich; Lu, Xiongwen; Huang, Dan; Wang, Zhennan","Firms' FDI ownership: The influence of government ownership and legislative connections","Journal of International Business Studies","","0047-2506","10.1057/jibs.2014.27","http://www.palgrave-journals.com.proxy.library.georgetown.edu/jibs/journal/v45/n8/full/jibs201427a.html","The level of ownership in an overseas subsidiary has been an important issue in international business. Existing literature, based on transaction cost theory, predicts that firms prefer higher ownership for subsidiaries located in favorable foreign institutional environments. We propose two moderating factors to this prediction: governments as owners of firms and firms’ legislative connections. We hypothesized that the level of subsidiary ownership was less affected by the heterogeneity of foreign institutional environments for firms with a higher level of government ownership and for firms with legislative connections. These two interaction effects were tested using a sample of overseas subsidiaries documented in the 2010 annual reports of listed Chinese firms. The empirical findings provide robust support for the hypothesized effects. This study offers fresh insight on the role of government and political factors in firms’ internationalization activities.","2014-10","2014-11-13 23:35:48","2014-11-13 23:35:48","2014-11-13 23:35:48","1029-1043","","8","45","","J Int Bus Stud","Firms' FDI ownership","","","","","","","en","© 2014 Academy of International Business","","","","www.palgrave-journals.com.proxy.library.georgetown.edu","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Pan et al_2014_(Firms' FDI ownership).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7VIQ6DM6","journalArticle","2001","Johns, M.; Silverman, B. G.","How emotions and personality effect the utility of alternative decisions: a terrorist target selection case study","Center for Human Modeling and Simulation","","","","http://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1013&context=hms","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2012-09-18","10","","","","","","How emotions and personality effect the utility of alternative decisions","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7VKIT89Q","book","2002","Hopf, T.","Social construction of international politics: identities & foreign policies, Moscow, 1955 and 1999","","","","","","","2002","2012-04-30 06:41:40","2014-09-04 20:24:04","","","","","","","","Social construction of international politics","","","","","Cornell Univ Pr","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7VR57CAG","journalArticle","2012","Freeman, J. R.; Quinn, D. P.","The economic origins of democracy reconsidered","American Political Science Review","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0003055411000505","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2012-09-20","1–23","","1","106","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7W7VPRKX","journalArticle","1995","Mo, J.","Domestic institutions and international bargaining: The role of agent veto in two-level games","American Political Science Review","","","","","","1995","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2015-03-17 15:41:26","","914–924","","4","89","","","Domestic institutions and international bargaining","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7WKCWDUP","journalArticle","2014","Roll, Kate","Encountering Resistance: Qualitative Insights from the Quantitative Sampling of Ex-Combatants in Timor-Leste","PS: Political Science & Politics","","1537-5935","10.1017/S1049096514000420","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1049096514000420","ABSTRACT This article highlights the contribution of randomized, quantitative sampling techniques to answering qualitative questions posed by the study. In short it asks: what qualitative insights do we derive from quantitative sampling processes? Rather than simply being a means to an end, I argue the sampling process itself generated data. More specifically, seeking out more than 220 geographically dispersed individuals, selected though a randomized cluster sample, resulted in the identification of relationship patterns, highlighted extant resistance-era hierarchies and patronage networks, as well as necessitated deeper, critical engagement with the sampling framework. While this discussion is focused on the study of former resistance members in Timor-Leste, these methodological insights are broadly relevant to researchers using mixed methods to study former combatants or other networked social movements.","2014-04","2015-02-23 19:02:36","2015-02-23 19:02:36","2015-02-23 19:02:36","485–489","","02","47","","","Encountering Resistance","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Roll_2014_(Encountering Resistance).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7WTTATXW","journalArticle","2002","Walzer, M.","The triumph of just war theory (and the dangers of success)","Social Research: An International Quarterly","","","","http://socialresearch.metapress.com/index/CA85HYX0NH1R80HE.pdf","","2002","2012-08-30 17:42:31","2014-09-04 20:27:19","2012-08-30 17:42:31","925–943","","4","69","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7WXR2ZEJ","journalArticle","2013","Grynaviski, E.","Contrasts, counterfactuals,and causes","European Journal of International Relations","","1354-0661, 1460-3713","10.1177/1354066111428971","http://ejt.sagepub.com/cgi/doi/10.1177/1354066111428971","","2013-12-01","2014-09-29 02:16:14","2014-09-29 02:16:14","2014-09-29 02:16:14","823-846","","4","19","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Grynaviski_2013_(Contrasts, counterfactuals,and causes).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7X978K8H","journalArticle","2002","Battaglini, M.","Multiple referrals and multidimensional cheap talk","Econometrica","","","","","","2002","2012-05-19 13:29:00","2014-09-04 20:13:41","","1379–1401","","4","70","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7XHH33XA","journalArticle","1998","Hanson, Brian T.","What Happened to Fortress Europe?: External Trade Policy Liberalization in the European Union","International Organization","","","10.1162/002081898550554","","","1998","2013-11-15 11:04:04","2013-11-15 11:04:04","","55-85","","01","52","","","What Happened to Fortress Europe?","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7XK7XI66","journalArticle","2009","Jackson, Patrick Thaddeus; Nexon, Daniel H.","Paradigmatic Faults in International-Relations Theory","International Studies Quarterly","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","","907–930","","4","53","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7Z48AFIB","journalArticle","2013","Humphreys, Adam R. C.","Applying Jackson’s Methodological Ideal-Types: Problems of Differentiation and Classification","Millennium - Journal of International Studies","","0305-8298, 1477-9021","10.1177/0305829812463476","http://mil.sagepub.com/content/41/2/290","In The Conduct of Inquiry in International Relations, Patrick Jackson situates methodologies in International Relations in relation to their underlying philosophical assumptions. One of his aims is to map International Relations debates in a way that ‘capture[s] current controversies’ (p. 40). This ambition is overstated: whilst Jackson’s typology is useful as a clarificatory tool, (re)classifying existing scholarship in International Relations is more problematic. One problem with Jackson’s approach is that he tends to run together the philosophical assumptions which decisively differentiate his methodologies (by stipulating a distinctive warrant for knowledge claims) and the explanatory strategies that are employed to generate such knowledge claims, suggesting that the latter are entailed by the former. In fact, the explanatory strategies which Jackson associates with each methodology reflect conventional practice in International Relations just as much as they reflect philosophical assumptions. This makes it more difficult to identify each methodology at work than Jackson implies. I illustrate this point through a critical analysis of Jackson’s controversial reclassification of Waltz as an analyticist, showing that whilst Jackson’s typology helps to expose inconsistencies in Waltz’s approach, it does not fully support the proposed reclassification. The conventional aspect of methodologies in International Relations also raises questions about the limits of Jackson’s ‘engaged pluralism’.","2013","2013-03-04 16:06:32","2013-03-04 16:09:10","2013-03-04 16:06:32","290-308","","2","41","","Millennium - Journal of International Studies","Applying Jackson’s Methodological Ideal-Types","","","","","","","en","","","","","mil.sagepub.com","","","","","","Qual","explanation; international relations theory","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7ZA4HTPS","journalArticle","2014","Buthe, Tim; Milner, Helen V.","Foreign Direct Investment and Institutional Diversity in Trade Agreements: Credibility, Commitment, and Economic Flows in the Developing World, 1971-2007","World Politics","","0043-8871, 1086-3338","10.1017/S0043887113000336","http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0043887113000336","","2014-01","2014-09-04 20:32:01","2014-10-31 17:35:39","2014-09-04 20:32:01","88-122","","01","66","","","Foreign Direct Investment and Institutional Diversity in Trade Agreements","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Buthe_Milner_2014_(Foreign Direct Investment and Institutional Diversity in Trade Agreements).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7ZEIPHT3","journalArticle","2013","Cigerli, Burcu","An Imperfectly Competitive Model of the World Natural Gas Market","The James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy, Rice University, Policy Report","","","","","","2013","2015-05-29 10:01:04","2015-05-29 10:01:55","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Cigerli_2013_(An Imperfectly Competitive Model of the World Natural Gas Market).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "7ZT8KVCR","journalArticle","2012","Leifeld, Philip; Schneider, Volker","Information Exchange in Policy Networks","American Journal of Political Science","","","","","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","","no","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "82I9ZH29","journalArticle","1999","Hiscox, Michael J.","The Magic Bullet? The RTAA, Institutional Reform, and Trade Liberalization","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2601306","The Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act (RTAA) of 1934 has long been heralded as a simple institutional reform with revolutionary consequences: namely, by changing the trade policy making process in the United States, the RTAA is held responsible for the dramatic liberalization in U.S. policy beginning in the 1930s and 1940s. This article takes issue with tills conventional wisdom. I argue that the standard accounts–which emphasize the importance of delegation for overcoming logrolling in Congress or for facilitating reciprocity in international trade negotiations—fail to provide an adequate explanation for just how the institutional innovation was achieved and sustained in the face of protectionist opposition. I suggest instead that trade liberalization was driven by exogenous changes in party constituencies and societal preferences that had crucial effects on congressional votes to extend the RTAA authority and liberalize trade after 1945. The preservation of the RTAA program was symptomatic rather than causal; as a consequence, it may well be abandoned in the future. The evolution of U.S. trade policy has been, and will continue to be, powerfully shaped by changes in the preferences of societal groups and in the positions taken by parties on the trade issue.","1999","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2012-05-06","669–698","","4","53","","","The Magic Bullet?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "82SXHFSJ","bookSection","2005","Tompson, William","The Political implications of Russia's resource-based economy","Europe: Our Common Home","","","","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","","","","","","","","","","2005","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "82UERI4A","book","1991","Johansson, P. O.","An introduction to modern welfare economics","","","","","http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=T2x5PaEnXI0C&oi=fnd&pg=PR11&dq=Johansson,+Per-Olov.+1991.+%3Ci%3EAn+Introduction+to+Modern+Welfare+Economics%3C/i%3E.+Cambridge:+Cambridge+&ots=7BdYD7dA1H&sig=oFuahHIX86LLVun7-Cb5Chhz8iQ","","1991","2012-12-01 17:25:37","2014-09-04 20:24:18","2012-12-01 17:25:37","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "82X9UETW","journalArticle","2014","Dupuy, Arnaud; Galichon, Alfred","Personality Traits and the Marriage Market","Journal of Political Economy","","00223808, 1537534X","10.1086/677191","http://www.jstor.org/action/showArticleInfo?doi=10.1086%2F677191","","2014-12","2015-01-15 20:29:43","2015-01-15 20:29:43","2015-01-15 20:29:43","1271-1319","","6","122","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Dupuy_Galichon_2014_(Personality Traits and the Marriage Market).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "832JV2KZ","journalArticle","1988","Kogut, Bruce; Singh, Harbir","The Effect of National Culture on the Choice of Entry Mode","Journal of International Business Studies","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/155133","Characteristics of national cultures have frequently been claimed to influence the selection of entry modes. This article investigates this claim by developing a theoretical argument for why culture should influence the choice of entry. Two hypotheses are derived which relate culture to entry mode choice, one focussing on the cultural distance between countries, the other on attitudes towards uncertainty avoidance. Using a multinomial logit model and controlling for other effects, the hypotheses are tested by analyzing data on 228 entries into the United States market by acquisition, wholly owned greenfield, and joint venture. Empirical support for the effect of national culture on entry choice is found.","1988","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2012-09-20","411–432","","3","19","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1988 Palgrave Macmillan Journals","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "832VGSVF","journalArticle","2001","Bendor, J.; Glazer, A.; Hammond, T.","Theories of Delegation","Annual Review of Political Science","","","10.1146/annurev.polisci.4.1.235","http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.polisci.4.1.235","We survey modern models of delegation that assume a boss and a subordinate pursue their own goals. Among the major themes covered are the following: the conditions under which the boss will prefer to delegate versus those in which she will prefer to retain authority; how a boss can induce a subordinate to truthfully reveal information; when rational principals will use the ally principle (i.e. delegate to agents with similar goals); delegation in repeated interactions; and how delegation can overcome commitment problems. These themes are relevant to a wide variety of institutions, affecting intralegislative organization, executive-legislative relations, and central banks.","2001","2015-04-12 17:27:14","2015-04-12 17:27:14","2015-04-12 17:27:14","235-269","","1","4","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2001/Bendor et al_2001_(Theories of Delegation).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "83457ATA","journalArticle","2007","Seabrooke, L.","Varieties of economic constructivism in political economy: Uncertain times call for disparate measures","Review of International Political Economy","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","","371–385","","2","14","","","Varieties of economic constructivism in political economy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "83555NHI","journalArticle","2010","Cederman, L. E.; Wimmer, A.; Min, B.","Why Do Ethnic Groups Rebel?","World Politics","","","","http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/soc/faculty/wimmer/WhyGroupsRebel.pdf","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2012-09-07","87–119","","1","62","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8448C78A","journalArticle","1997","Weber, Katja","Hierarchy amidst Anarchy: A Transaction Costs Approach to International Security Cooperation","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3013936","This article provides an interest-based explanation for hierarchy in international politics. The study suggests that–even in a self-help system–self-interested actors voluntarily curtail their sovereignty to obtain needed assurances, yet that these actors have a choice among cooperative security arrangements with different degrees of ""bindingness."" The key to understanding countries' international institutional choices is in focusing on economic theories of organization and, more specifically, transaction costs. The study begins with the conceptualization of a continuum of cooperative security arrangements with different degrees of bindingness. It then examines different bodies of literature-the traditional realist model and economies-of-scale arguments-and claims that both fail to account for hierarchical security structures in the international system. Recognizing that economists explain hierarchy amidst market anarchy by examining transaction costs, the study makes use of this insight by developing an analogous argument for hierarchy in international politics. Finally, to test the propositions advanced in this article, a brief case study examines plans for the creation of a European Defense Community.","1997","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","","321–340","","2","41","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1997 The International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "84BUX3DI","journalArticle","2009","Freifeld, Daniel","The great pipeline opera","Foreign Policy","","","","http://gpf-europe.ru/upload/iblock/fea/article_the_great_pipeline_opera.pdf","","2009","2013-03-27 13:43:10","2014-09-04 20:22:58","2013-03-27 13:43:10","120–127","","","174","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "84C95QKF","journalArticle","2014","Gabaix, Xavier","A Sparsity-Based Model of Bounded Rationality","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","0033-5533, 1531-4650","10.1093/qje/qju024","http://qje.oxfordjournals.org/content/129/4/1661","This article defines and analyzes a “sparse max” operator, which is a less than fully attentive and rational version of the traditional max operator. The agent builds (as economists do) a simplified model of the world which is sparse, considering only the variables of first-order importance. His stylized model and his resulting choices both derive from constrained optimization. Still, the sparse max remains tractable to compute. Moreover, the induced outcomes reflect basic psychological forces governing limited attention. The sparse max yields a behavioral version of basic chapters of the microeconomics textbook: consumer demand and competitive equilibrium. I obtain a behavioral version of Marshallian and Hicksian demand, Arrow-Debreu competitive equilibrium, the Slutsky matrix, the Edgeworth box, Roy’s identity, and so on. The Slutsky matrix is no longer symmetric: nonsalient prices are associated with anomalously small demand elasticities. Because the consumer exhibits nominal illusion, in the Edgeworth box, the offer curve is a two-dimensional surface rather than a one-dimensional curve. As a result, different aggregate price levels correspond to materially distinct competitive equilibria, in a similar spirit to a Phillips curve. The Arrow-Debreu welfare theorems typically do not hold. This framework provides a way to assess which parts of basic microeconomics are robust, and which are not, to the assumption of perfect maximization. JEL Codes: D01, D03, D11, D51.","2014-11-01","2015-01-15 20:37:23","2015-01-15 20:37:23","2015-01-15 20:37:23","1661-1710","","4","129","","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","","","","","","","en","","","","","qje.oxfordjournals.org","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Gabaix_2014_(A Sparsity-Based Model of Bounded Rationality).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "84EUJF6H","journalArticle","2005","Shulman, Stephen","National Identity and Public Support for Political and Economic Reform in Ukraine","Slavic Review","","","","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2014-09-04 18:31:40","","59","","1","64","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "853E2MC4","journalArticle","2003","Slantchev, B. L.","The Power to Hurt: Costly Conflict with Completely Informed States","American Political Science Review","","","10.1017/S000305540300056X","","","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2014-12-31 16:29:27","","123–133","","1","97","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","delete; rename","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "855TUNH3","journalArticle","2005","Urdal, Henrik","People vs. Malthus: Population Pressure, Environmental Degradation, and Armed Conflict Revisited","Journal of Peace Research","","","","http://jpr.sagepub.com/content/42/4/417","Demographic and environmental factors have claimed a dominant position in the post-Cold War security discourse. According to the neo-Malthusian conflict scenario, population pressure on natural renewable resources makes societies more prone to low-intensity civil war. On the contrary, resource-optimists concede that agricultural land scarcity caused by high population density may be a driving factor behind economic development, thus causing peace in a long-term perspective. These notions are tested in a quantitative cross-national time-series study covering the 1950-2000 period. The results do not provide strong support for either perspective. Countries experiencing high rates of population growth, high rates of urbanization, or large refugee populations do not face greater risks of internal armed conflict. There is some indication that scarcity of potential cropland may have a pacifying effect. However, where land scarcity combines with high rates of population growth, the risk of armed conflict increases somewhat. This trend is particularly marked for the 1970s, the decade that saw the great rise in neo-Malthusian concerns. Claims that the world has entered a `new age of insecurity' after the end of the Cold War, where demographic and environmental factors threaten security and state stability, appear to be unfounded. Overall, the robustness of the empirical support for both paradigms is low. A strong emphasis on security as a macro rationale for reducing global population growth thus seems unwarranted.","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2013-05-08","417–434","","4","42","","","People vs. Malthus","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "85PXSCUS","journalArticle","2010","Ehrlich, S. D.","The Fair Trade Challenge to Embedded Liberalism","International Studies Quarterly","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2014-09-04 18:31:49","","1013–1033","","4","54","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "85RTP6ET","journalArticle","2009","Zimmerman, William","Russian National Interests, Use of Blood and Treasure, and Energy Price Assessments: 2008-2009","Post-Soviet Affairs","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","","185–208","","3","25","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "862NRDBI","journalArticle","1991","Sartori, Giovanni","Comparing and Miscomparing","Journal of Theoretical Politics","","0951-6298, 1460-3667","10.1177/0951692891003003001","http://jtp.sagepub.com/content/3/3/243","I seek to explain the disappointing performance of the field of comparative politics addressing the three basic questions: Why compare? What is comparable? and How? I also challenge the view that the methodology of comparison is pretty well known and established. Hosts of unsettled issues remain, while a growing cause of frustration and failure is the undetected proliferation of `cat-dogs' (or worse), that is, nonexistent aggregates which are bound to defy, on account of their non-comparable characteristics, any and all attempts at law-like generalizations. The bottom line is that the comparative endeavor suffers from loss of purpose.","1991-07-01","2015-04-09 18:55:22","2015-04-09 18:55:22","2015-04-09 18:55:22","243-257","","3","3","","Journal of Theoretical Politics","","","","","","","","en","","","","","jtp.sagepub.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "864UXWBT","journalArticle","2001","Green, Paul E.; Krieger, Abba M.; Wind, Yoram","Thirty years of conjoint analysis: Reflections and prospects","Interfaces","","","","http://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/abs/10.1287/inte.31.3s.56.9676","","2001","2014-12-02 17:10:51","2014-12-02 17:11:13","2014-12-02 17:10:51","56-73","","","31","","","Thirty years of conjoint analysis","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2001/Green et al_2001_(Thirty years of conjoint analysis).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "86A9Q3RT","journalArticle","2005","Walt, Stephen M.","Taming American Power","Foreign Affairs","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/20031709","U.S. policymakers debate how to wield American power; foreigners debate how to deal with it. Some make their peace with Washington and try to manipulate it; others try to oppose and undercut U.S. interests. The challenge for the United States is how to turn its material dominance into legitimate authority.","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2012-08-30","105–120","","5","84","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "86AJS5G6","journalArticle","2013","Williams, Michael C.","In the beginning: The International Relations enlightenment and the ends of International Relations theory","European Journal of International Relations","","1354-0661, 1460-3713","10.1177/1354066113495477","http://ejt.sagepub.com/content/19/3/647","The question of endings is simultaneously a question of beginnings: wondering if International Relations is at an end inevitably raises the puzzle of when and how ‘it’ began. This article argues that International Relations’ origins bear striking resemblance to a wider movement in post-war American political studies that Ira Katznelson calls the ‘political studies enlightenment.’ This story of the field’s beginnings and ends has become so misunderstood as to have almost disappeared from histories of the field and accounts of its theoretical orientations and alternatives. This historical forgetting represents one of the most debilitating errors of International Relations theory today, and overcoming it has significant implications for how we think about the past and future development of the field. In particular, it throws open not only our understanding of the place of realism in International Relations, but also our vision of liberalism. For the realism of the International Relations enlightenment did not seek to destroy liberalism as an intellectual and political project, but to save it. The core issue in the ‘invention of International Relations theory’ — its historical origins as well as its end or goal in a substantive or normative sense — was not the assertion of realism in opposition to liberalism: it was, in fact, the defence of a particular kind of liberalism.","2013-09-01","2013-09-06 11:17:41","2013-09-06 11:17:41","2013-09-06 11:17:41","647-665","","3","19","","European Journal of International Relations","In the beginning","","","","","","","en","","","","","ejt.sagepub.com","","","","","","","enlightenment; Liberalism; Morgenthau; Niebuhr; realism","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "86JSWE2H","conferencePaper","2014","Mahdavi, Paasha","Extortion in the Oil States: Nationalization, Regulatory Structure, and Corruption","","","","","","","2014-06-05","2014-09-11 15:59:31","2014-09-11 16:00:12","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Mahdavi_2014_(Extortion in the Oil States).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "873XPZMH","journalArticle","1997","Przeworski, Adam; Limongi, Fernando","Modernization: Theories and Facts","World Politics","","","","","What makes political regimes rise, endure, and fall? The main question is whether the observed close relation between levels of economic development and the incidence of democratic regimes is due to democracies being more likely to emerge or only more likely to survive in the more developed countries. We answer this question using data concerning 135 countries that existed at any time between 1950 and 1990. We find that the level of economic development does not affect the probability of transitions to democracy but that affluence does make democratic regimes more stable. The relation between affluence and democratic stability is monotonic, and the breakdown of democracies at middle levels of development is a phenomenon peculiar to the Southern Cone of Latin America. These patterns also appear to have been true of the earlier period, but dictatorships are more likely to survive in wealthy countries that became independent only after 1950. We conclude that modernization need not generate democracy but democracies survive in countries that are modern.","1997","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","","155–183","","02","49","","","Modernization","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "875Q72XQ","journalArticle","2009","Angeletos, George-Marios; La’O, Jennifer","Sentiments","Econometrica","","","","http://econ.la.psu.edu/papers/Angeletos-092910.pdf","","2009","2013-09-17 10:13:26","2013-09-17 10:14:20","2013-09-17 10:13:26","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Bargaining; Game Theory","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "877MCHA9","journalArticle","2005","Heckman, James J.","The scientific model of causality","Sociological Methodology","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0081-1750.2006.00164.x/abstract","","2005","2014-11-28 13:02:11","2014-11-28 13:02:22","2014-11-28 13:02:11","1–97","","1","35","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2005/Heckman_2005_(The scientific model of causality).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "87CSJMGE","journalArticle","2001","Shipan, Charles R.; Lowry, William R.","Environmental Policy and Party Divergence in Congress","Political Research Quarterly","","1065-9129, 1938-274X","10.1177/106591290105400201","http://prq.sagepub.com/content/54/2/245","The question of whether parties converge or diverge over time has attracted a great deal of theoretical and empirical attention. In this article we make two contributions to this literature. First, rather than looking at general measures of ideology, we examine a specific policy area-environmental policy to see whether the parties have diverged or converged. We utilize ratings produced by the League of Conservation Voters to obtain measures of congressional voting. Unlike other issue-specific studies of divergence, we adjust these scores, using a methodology recently developed by Groseclose, Levitt, and Snyder (1999), to make them comparable across time. Our results show that Republicans and Democrats in Congress have diverged over time on environmental issues. Second, once we determine that the parties have diverged, we analyze the underlying causes of this divergence. We provide three explanations for divergence between the two parties, based on the fact that parties are not monolithic but rather are made up of regional, factional, and individual components. If regions behave differently on an issue, then shifting representation of regions within parties will lead to shifts in overall party behavior. When internal factions with stronger views than the general party are more supported by interest groups and less constrained by issue salience or economic conditions, then the parties are more likely to diverge. And when party members are replaced by individuals with different views on an issue, overall party behavior shifts accordingly.","2001-06-01","2015-01-13 19:25:43","2015-01-13 19:25:43","2015-01-13 19:25:43","245-263","","2","54","","Political Research Quarterly","","","","","","","","en","","","","","prq.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2001/Shipan_Lowry_2001_(Environmental Policy and Party Divergence in Congress).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "87F7QRFV","journalArticle","2013","Weymouth, Stephen; Broz, J. Lawrence","Government Partisanship and Property Rights: Cross-Country Firm-Level Evidence","Economics & Politics","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ecpo.12011/full","","2013","2013-10-11 12:54:11","2013-10-11 12:54:11","2013-10-11 12:54:11","229–256","","2","25","","","Government Partisanship and Property Rights","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","FDI","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "87GXXT76","journalArticle","2013","Cotet, Anca M.; Tsui, Kevin K.","Oil and conflict: What does the cross country evidence really show?","American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics","","","","http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/aea/aejma/2013/00000005/00000001/art00002","","2013","2015-07-16 08:50:01","2015-07-16 08:50:01","2015-07-16 08:50:01","49–80","","1","5","","","Oil and conflict","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Cotet_Tsui_2013_(Oil and conflict).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "87NAEX89","book","2007","Jaffe, Amy; Soligo, Ronald","The international oil companies","","","","","http://pubs.its.ucdavis.edu/download_pdf.php?id=1699","","2007","2014-09-24 22:26:39","2014-09-24 22:26:59","2014-09-24 22:26:39","","","","","","","","","","","","James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy of Rice University Houston","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Jaffe et al_2007_(The international oil companies).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "87W5ZCDG","journalArticle","2008","Wälde, Thomas W.","Renegotiating acquired rights in the oil and gas industries: Industry and political cycles meet the rule of law","The Journal of World Energy Law & Business","","","","http://jwelb.oxfordjournals.org/content/1/1/55.short","","2008","2014-11-29 03:53:56","2014-11-29 03:53:56","2014-11-29 03:53:56","55–97","","1","1","","","Renegotiating acquired rights in the oil and gas industries","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Walde_2008_(Renegotiating acquired rights in the oil and gas industries).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "88THVPHM","journalArticle","2014","Fitzgerald, Jennifer; Leblang, David; Teets, Jessica C.","Defying the Law of Gravity: The Political Economy of International Migration","World Politics","","","10.1017/S0043887114000112","","","2014","2014-09-08 20:31:20","2014-09-08 20:31:20","","406-445","","03","66","","","Defying the Law of Gravity","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "896IE2VZ","book","1984","Axelrod, Robert M","The Evolution of Cooperation","","0465005640","","","","","1984","2012-05-05 13:42:03","2014-09-04 20:13:31","","","241","","","","","","","","","","Basic Books","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HM711 .A89 2006","","","","","Conflict management; Consensus (Social sciences); Cooperativeness; Egoism; Games of strategy (Mathematics); Prisoner's dilemma game; Social interaction","Conflict management; Consensus (Social sciences); Cooperativeness; Egoism; Games of strategy (Mathematics); Prisoner's dilemma game; Social interaction","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "89GAH6RV","journalArticle","2007","King, Gary; Zeng, Langche","When can history be our guide? the pitfalls of counterfactual inference1","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2007.00445.x/full","","2007","2015-02-26 22:39:41","2015-02-26 22:39:41","2015-02-26 22:39:41","183–210","","1","51","","","When can history be our guide?","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/King_Zeng_2007_(When can history be our guide).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8A9FIGI3","journalArticle","2010","Cheibub, José Antonio; Gandhi, Jennifer; Vreeland, James Raymond","Democracy and dictatorship revisited","Public Choice","","","","http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11127-009-9491-2","We address the strengths and weaknesses of the main available measures of political regime and extend the dichotomous regime classification first introduced in Alvarez et al. (Stud. Comp. Int. Dev. 31(2):3–36, 1996). This extension focuses on how incumbents are removed from office. We argue that differences across regime measures must be taken seriously and that they should be evaluated in terms of whether they (1) serve to address important research questions, (2) can be interpreted meaningfully, and (3) are reproducible. We argue that existing measures of democracy are not interchangeable and that the choice of measure should be guided by its theoretical and empirical underpinnings. We show that the choice of regime measure matters by replicating studies published in leading journals.","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2013-03-20","67–101","","1-2","143","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","Democracy; Dictatorship; measurement; Political regimes; Political science; Public Finance & Economics","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8AK4RIGX","journalArticle","2000","Muthoo, Abhinay","A non-technical introduction to bargaining theory","World Economics","","","","http://www2.unine.ch/repository/default/content/sites/ethol/files/shared/documents/muthoo_2000.pdf","","2000","2015-03-11 14:28:32","2015-03-11 14:28:40","2015-03-11 14:28:32","145–166","","2","1","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2000/Muthoo_2000_(A non-technical introduction to bargaining theory).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8AK54INE","book","1998","","Security Communities","","0521630517","","","","","1998","2012-05-05 11:47:00","2014-09-04 20:12:55","","","462","","","","","","Cambridge studies in international relations","62","","","Cambridge University Press","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JZ1305 .S43 1998","","","","","Community power; International; International relations; Security","Community power; Security, International","Adler, Emanuel; Barnett, Michael N","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8ARF2P3Z","manuscript","2012","Estrin, Saul; Meyer, Klaus E.; Nielsen, Bo B.; Nielsen, Sabina","The Internationalization of State Owned Enterprises: The Impact of Political Economy and Institutions","","","","","http://personal.lse.ac.uk/estrin/Publication%20PDF's/Internationalization%20of%20SOEs.pdf","","2012","2014-11-05 14:18:10","2014-11-22 21:45:01","2014-11-05 14:18:10","","","","","","","The Internationalization of State Owned Enterprises","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Estrin_2012_(The Internationalization of State Owned Enterprises).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8AVGBP37","journalArticle","2010","Rancatore, Jason P.","It is Strange: A Reply to Vrasti","Millennium - Journal of International Studies","","","","http://mil.sagepub.com/content/39/1/65","A reply to Vrasti's recent article in Millennium is useful on four counts. Selected criticisms are overdrawn; what might be considered `pure' ethnography is left unexplored; the relationship between method and methodology is not discussed; and useful methodological reflection is left unattended. This article proceeds to address these issues by first offering comments on Vrasti's treatment of the most methodologically sophisticated of the scholars reviewed: Pouliot and Neumann. Then the rest of Vrasti's reductive types are unpacked by way of critique of Cohn and Enloe. Framed by these presentations, the third section explores Vrasti's understanding of `ethnography' in relation to the anthropological review and critiques of the use of ethnographic methods in IR. Finally, the article engages Vrasti's conclusions on the value of `ethnographic IR', offering a different direction than the author tables, arguing that the inherent ethical dilemmas that confront the researcher using ethnographic methods are themselves potentially useful findings.","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2013-01-31","65–77","","1","39","","","It is Strange","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","ethnography; International relations; Methodology","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8B6TVVF6","journalArticle","2005","Orr, S. K.","New technology and research: An analysis of internet survey methodology in political science","PS: Political Science & Politics","","","","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2014-09-04 18:31:31","","263–267","","02","38","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8B7PTXND","report","2002","Krueger, Alan B.; Maleckova, Jitka","Education, Poverty, Political Violence and Terrorism: Is There a Causal Connection?","","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w9074","The paper investigates whether there is a causal link between poverty or low education and participation in politically motivated violence and terrorist activities. After presenting a discussion of theoretical issues, we review evidence on the determinants of hate crimes. This literature finds that the occurrence of hate crimes is largely independent of economic conditions. Next we analyze data on support for attacks against Israeli targets from public opinion polls conducted in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. These polls indicate that support for violent attacks does not decrease among those with higher education and higher living standards. The core contribution of the paper is a statistical analysis of the determinants of participation in Hezbollah militant activities in Lebanon. The evidence we have assembled suggests that having a living standard above the poverty line or a secondary school or higher education is positively associated with participation in Hezbollah. We also find that Israeli Jewish settlers who attacked Palestinians in the West Bank in the early 1980s were overwhelmingly from high-paying occupations. The conclusion speculates on why economic conditions and education are largely unrelated to participation in, and support for, terrorism.","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2012-09-06","","","","","","","Education, Poverty, Political Violence and Terrorism","","","","","National Bureau of Economic Research","","","","Working Paper","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","9074","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8BPITM4R","report","2014","Li, Ji","State-Owned Enterprises in the Current Regime of Investor-State Arbitration","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2473834","The rise of state-owned companies and sovereign wealth funds (together SOEs) poses many new questions for the regime of investor-state arbitration. Extant literature treats all SOEs the same and limits its focus to the doctrinal treatment of SOEs. This article, by studying Chinese SOEs, demonstrates the complexity of the structure and management of SOEs and their relations with the State. This paper constructs an analytic framework for properly treating SOEs under the current system. The four factor model (distance from the political centre, characteristics of state ownership, sector, and SOE leadership) may facilitate ICSID tribunals' decision-making with regard to the standing of SOE investors and the application of attribution rules.","2014-07-29","2014-11-13 14:52:05","2014-11-13 14:52:05","2014-11-13 14:52:05","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Li_2014_(State-Owned Enterprises in the Current Regime of Investor-State Arbitration).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2473834","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8BZFGRIN","journalArticle","1996","Collier, D.; Mahoney, J.","Insights and pitfalls: Selection bias in qualitative research","World Politics","","","","","","1996","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","","56–91","","01","49","","","Insights and pitfalls","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8CCHU5FU","journalArticle","2007","Gerring, John","Is there a (viable) crucial-case method?","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/40/3/231.short","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2013-03-04","231–253","","3","40","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8CT8I7K6","journalArticle","2011","Biswas, Shampa","Restoring the Political in International Political Economy: Taking Constructivism Seriously","International Studies Review","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","","672–674","","4","13","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8CXJHVNH","journalArticle","2006","Li, Quan; Reuveny, Rafael","Democracy and Environmental Degradation","International Studies Quarterly","","1468-2478","10.1111/j.1468-2478.2006.00432.x","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2006.00432.x/abstract","In a relatively small but growing body of literature in political science and environmental studies, scholars debate the effect of democracy on environmental degradation. Some theorists claim that democracy reduces environmental degradation. Others argue that democracy may not reduce environmental degradation or may even harm the environment. Empirical evidence thus far has been limited and conflicting. This article seeks to address the democracy–environment debate. We focus on the effect of political regime type on human activities that directly damage the environment. Our discussion of the theoretical literature identifies different causal mechanisms through which democracy could affect environmental degradation. The empirical analysis focuses on the net effect of these competing mechanisms. We examine statistically the effect of democracy on five aspects of human-induced environmental degradation—carbon dioxide emissions, nitrogen dioxide emissions, deforestation, land degradation, and organic pollution in water. We find that democracy reduces all five types of environmental degradation. While the substantive effect of democracy is considerable, it varies in size across different types of environmental degradation. We also find nonmonotonic effects of democracy that vary across the environmental indicators.","2006-12-01","2015-04-12 18:11:48","2015-04-12 18:11:48","2015-04-12 18:11:48","935-956","","4","50","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2006/Li_Reuveny_2006_(Democracy and Environmental Degradation).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8DF2JW6B","journalArticle","2005","Herb, Michael","No representation without taxation? Rents, development, and democracy","Comparative Politics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/20072891","","2005","2015-07-16 09:31:34","2015-07-16 09:32:33","2015-07-16 09:31:34","297–316","","3","37","","","No representation without taxation?","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2005/Herb_2005_(No representation without taxation).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8DZK3EWG","journalArticle","2001","Schimmelfennig, F.","The community trap: Liberal norms, rhetorical action, and the Eastern enlargement of the European Union","International organization","","","","","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","","47–80","","1","55","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8DZK44JA","journalArticle","2011","Solt, Frederick","Diversionary Nationalism: Economic Inequality and the Formation of National Pride","The Journal of Politics","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayFulltext?type=1&fid=8347778&jid=JOP&volumeId=73&issueId=03&aid=8347776&bodyId=&membershipNumber=&societyETOCSession=","","2011","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2012-11-27","821–830","","03","73","","","Diversionary Nationalism","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8E7KVMDW","book","2011","Hertog, Steffen","Princes, brokers, and bureaucrats: oil and the state in Saudi Arabia","","","","","http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=YNM4vMi7FtcC&oi=fnd&pg=PR1&dq=info:hKpiy07VX-oJ:scholar.google.com&ots=IEQ9FO2SEs&sig=3TufhjxfckdYXkN-3juZHi5jx5c","","2011","2015-07-16 09:42:32","2015-07-16 09:42:41","2015-07-16 09:42:32","","","","","","","Princes, brokers, and bureaucrats","","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Hertog_2011_(Princes, brokers, and bureaucrats).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8EHE8BSS","journalArticle","2014","Hendrix, Cullen S.","Oil Prices and Interstate Conflict Behavior","Peterson Institute for International Economics Working Paper","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2474642","","2014","2015-01-14 18:42:29","2015-01-14 18:45:05","2015-01-14 18:42:29","","","14-3","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Hendrix_2014_(Oil Prices and Interstate Conflict Behavior).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8EI2SMJ3","journalArticle","2006","Ahlquist, J. S.","Economic policy, institutions, and capital flows: portfolio and direct investment flows in developing countries","International Studies Quarterly","","","10.1111/j.1468-2478.2006.00420.x","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:32:03","2014-11-24 00:59:56","","681–704","","3","50","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8ENCU79W","journalArticle","2011","Albertus, M.; Menaldo, V. A.","Dictators as Founding Fathers? The Role of Constitutions Under Autocracy","Economics & Politics","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1794281","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-10-31 15:17:28","2012-08-09","","","","","","","Dictators as Founding Fathers?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8FJJBE2X","journalArticle","2013","Cross, James P.","Everyone's a winner (almost): Bargaining success in the Council of Ministers of the European Union","European Union Politics","","","","http://eup.sagepub.com/content/14/1/70","This paper examines member state bargaining success in legislative negotiations in the European Union. Bargaining success is thought to be determined by factors attributable to intervention behaviour, relative policy positions and power. Intervention relates to a member state's efforts to make its position known over the course of negotiations, relative policy positions relate to a member state's position in the policy space under negotiation relative to other actors' positions, and power refers to the size of the member state. New measures for bargaining success are introduced that account for the saliency of the legislative proposals under consideration. The results presented suggest that there are more winners than losers when measuring bargaining success.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2013-07-08","70–94","","1","14","","","Everyone's a winner (almost)","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","Actors and institutions; Bargaining; Council of Ministers; decision-making; legislative studies","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8FMPEXDH","journalArticle","1982","Milgrom, P.; Roberts, J.","Predation, reputation, and entry deterrence","Journal of economic theory","","","","","","1982","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2014-09-04 18:31:52","","280–312","","2","27","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8FRD3UIT","journalArticle","2015","King, Gary; Nielsen, Richard","Why Propensity Scores Should Not Be Used For Matching","IQSS Workng Paper","","","","http://gking.harvard.edu/files/gking/files/psnot.pdf","","2015","2015-03-20 13:17:15","2015-03-20 13:17:34","2015-03-20 13:17:15","","","","452","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/UTHMTS7A/psnot.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8GHRPBQQ","book","1989","Elster, J.","Nuts and bolts for the social sciences","","","","","","","1989","2012-05-02 15:18:50","2014-09-04 20:22:46","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Social interaction.; Social sciences – Methodology.","Social interaction.; Social sciences -- Methodology.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8GSSCX2F","journalArticle","2010","CHONG, DENNIS; DRUCKMAN, JAMES N.","Dynamic Public Opinion: Communication Effects over Time","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","","663–680","","04","104","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8H9TXMPB","journalArticle","2004","Imbens, Guido W.","Nonparametric Estimation of Average Treatment Effects under Exogeneity: A Review","The Review of Economics and Statistics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3211657","Recently there has been a surge in econometric work focusing on estimating average treatment effects under various sets of assumptions. One strand of this literature has developed methods for estimating average treatment effects for a binary treatment under assumptions variously described as exogeneity, unconfoundedness, or selection on observables. The implication of these assumptions is that systematic (for example, average or distributional) differences in outcomes between treated and control units with the same values for the covariates are attributable to the treatment. Recent analysis has considered estimation and inference for average treatment effects under weaker assumptions than typical of the earlier literature by avoiding distributional and functional-form assumptions. Various methods of semiparametric estimation have been proposed, including estimating the unknown regression functions, matching, methods using the propensity score such as weighting and blocking, and combinations of these approaches. In this paper I review the state of this literature and discuss some of its unanswered questions, focusing in particular on the practical implementation of these methods, the plausibility of this exogeneity assumption in economic applications, the relative performance of the various semiparametric estimators when the key assumptions (unconfoundedness and overlap) are satisfied, alternative estimands such as quantile treatment effects, and alternate methods such as Bayesian inference.","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-11-22 22:14:36","","4–29","","1","86","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2004 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2004/Imbens_2004_(Nonparametric estimation of average treatment effects under exogeneity).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8HE8PH5K","journalArticle","2005","Zweig, David; Jianhai, Bi","China's global hunt for energy","Foreign affairs","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/20031703","","2005","2013-10-10 12:46:36","2013-10-10 12:46:36","2013-10-10 12:46:36","25–38","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8I6JSMB2","journalArticle","2014","Eyster, Erik; Rabin, Matthew","Extensive Imitation is Irrational and Harmful","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","0033-5533, 1531-4650","10.1093/qje/qju021","http://qje.oxfordjournals.org/content/129/4/1861","Rationality leads people to imitate those with similar tastes but different information. But people who imitate common sources develop correlated beliefs, and rationality demands that later social learners take this correlation into account. This implies severe limits to rational imitation. We show that (i) in most natural observation structures besides the canonical single-file case, full rationality dictates that people must “anti-imitate” some of those they observe; and (ii) in every observation structure full rationality dictates that people imitate, on net, at most one person and are imitated by, on net, at most one person, over any set of interconnected players. We also show that in a very broad class of settings, any learning rule in which people regularly do imitate more than one person without anti-imitating others will lead to a positive probability of people converging to confident and wrong long-run beliefs. JEL Code: B49.","2014-11-01","2015-01-15 20:37:48","2015-01-15 20:37:48","2015-01-15 20:37:48","1861-1898","","4","129","","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","","","","","","","en","","","","","qje.oxfordjournals.org","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Eyster_Rabin_2014_(Extensive Imitation is Irrational and Harmful).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8IANTMCR","journalArticle","2011","Bearce, David H.; Hutnick, Jennifer A. Laks","Toward an Alternative Explanation for the Resource Curse: Natural Resources, Immigration, and Democratization","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/44/6/689","Why do many resource-rich countries maintain autocratic political regimes? The authors' proposed answer focuses on the causal effect of labor imports, or immigration. Using the logic offered by Acemoglu and Robinson's democratization model, the authors posit that immigration makes democratization less likely because it facilitates redistributive concessions to appease the population within an autocratic regime. This immigration argument applies directly to the political resource curse since many resource-rich countries tend to also be labor scarce, leading them to import foreign laborers. Consistent with this understanding, the authors find a statistically significant negative relationship between net immigration per capita and democratization in future periods. Their results also show that when controlling for this immigration effect, the standard resource curse variables lose significance in a democratization model. This latter result suggests that much of the so-called resource curse stems not from resource endowments per se but rather from the labor imports related to resource production.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2012-09-15","689–718","","6","44","","","Toward an Alternative Explanation for the Resource Curse","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","Democratization; immigration; Resource Curse","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8IF4IWAV","journalArticle","2005","Koopman, Siem Jan; Jungbacker, Borus; Hol, Eugenie","Forecasting daily variability of the S&P 100 stock index using historical, realised and implied volatility measurements","Journal of Empirical Finance","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0927539804000908","","2005","2015-11-28 20:58:54","2015-11-28 20:58:54","2015-11-28 20:58:54","445–475","","3","12","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2005/Koopman et al_2005_(Forecasting daily variability of the S&P 100 stock index using historical,).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8IHIGCWC","journalArticle","2006","Grossmann, Matt","Environmental advocacy in Washington: a comparison with other interest groups","Environmental Politics","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09644010600785234","","2006","2015-01-13 19:24:53","2015-01-13 19:24:53","2015-01-13 19:24:53","628–638","","4","15","","","Environmental advocacy in Washington","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8JBCIFP9","journalArticle","2009","Meehan, William P.; Bachur, Richard G.","Sport-Related Concussion","Pediatrics","","","","http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/123/1/114","Sport-related concussion is a common injury in children and adolescents. Athletes seldom report concussive symptoms, which makes the diagnosis a challenge. The management of sport-related concussion has changed significantly over the last several years. The previously used grading systems and return-to-play guidelines have been abandoned in favor of more individualized assessment and management. Neuropsychological testing is being used more frequently to assist in management. After recovery, it is recommended that an athlete's return-to-play progress in a gradual, stepwise fashion while being monitored by a health care provider. Proper assessment and management of a sport-related concussion is crucial, because repeat concussions can result in decreased neurocognitive functioning, increased symptomatology, and, at times, catastrophic outcomes.","2009","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2013-04-02","114–123","","1","123","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","athletic injuries; closed head injury; concussion; mild traumatic brain injury; second-impact syndrome; sport-related concussion","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8JHUNFR9","bookSection","1986","Heckman, James J.; Robb, Richard","Alternative methods for solving the problem of selection bias in evaluating the impact of treatments on outcomes","Drawing Inferences from Self-Selected Samples","","","","http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4612-4976-4_7","","1986","2014-11-28 13:05:55","2014-11-28 13:07:17","2014-11-28 13:05:55","63-113","","","","","","","","","","","Springer-Verlag","New York","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","Wainer, H.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8JKAVZU4","journalArticle","2008","Lee, D. S.","Randomized experiments from non-random selection in US House elections","Journal of Econometrics","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","","675–697","","2","142","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8JKV5275","journalArticle","2014","Kertzer, Joshua D.; Powers, Kathleen E.; Rathbun, Brian C.; Iyer, Ravi","Moral Support: How Moral Values Shape Foreign Policy Attitudes","Journal of Politics","","","","http://kepowers.com/documents/KertzerPowersRathbunIyer_2014.pdf","Although classical international relations theorists largely agreed that public opinion about foreign policy is shaped by moral sentiments, public opinion scholars have yet to explore the content of these moral values, and American IR theorists have tended to exclusively associate morality with liberal idealism. Integrating the study of American foreign policy attitudes with Moral Foundations theory from social psychology, we present original survey data showing that the five established moral values in psychology - harm/care, fairness/reciprocity, authority/respect, ingroup/loyalty, and purity/sanctity - are strongly and systematically associated with foreign policy attitudes. The ""individualizing"" foundations of harm/care and fairness/reciprocity are particularly important drivers of cooperative internationalism, and the ""binding"" foundations of authority/respect, ingroup/loyalty, and purity/sanctity of militant internationalism. Hawks and hardliners have morals too, just a different set of moral values than the Enlightenment ones emphasized by liberal idealists.","2014","2015-02-25 20:43:40","2015-02-25 20:46:03","2015-02-25 20:43:40","825-840","","3","76","","","Moral Support","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/Q7KRNPVI/Kertzer, Powers, Rathbun & Iyer 2014.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8JUI6MIU","journalArticle","2002","Jervis, R.","Theories of war in an era of leading-power peace: Presidential Address, American Political Science Association, 2001","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2002","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","","1–14","","1","96","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8JXKMFFR","journalArticle","2005","Alesina, A.; La Ferrara, E.","Preferences for Redistribution in the Land of Opportunities","Journal of Public Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047272704000866","","2005","2012-11-06 22:57:39","2014-09-04 20:13:14","2012-11-06 22:57:39","897–931","","5","89","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","; ","http://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/4552533/alesinassrn_redistribution.pdf?sequence=2; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0047272704000866","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8JZRGKVQ","journalArticle","2014","Nelson, Stephen C.; Katzenstein, Peter J.","Uncertainty, Risk, and the Financial Crisis of 2008","International Organization","","1531-5088","10.1017/S0020818313000416","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0020818313000416","The distinction between uncertainty and risk, originally drawn by Frank Knight and John Maynard Keynes in the 1920s, remains fundamentally important today. In the presence of uncertainty, market actors and economic policy-makers substitute other methods of decision making for rational calculation—specifically, actors' decisions are rooted in social conventions. Drawing from innovations in financial markets and deliberations among top American monetary authorities in the years before the 2008 crisis, we show how economic actors and policy-makers live in worlds of risk and uncertainty. In that world social conventions deserve much greater attention than conventional IPE analyses accords them. Such conventions must be part of our toolkit as we seek to understand the preferences and strategies of economic and political actors.","2014-03","2015-03-25 18:29:53","2015-03-25 18:29:53","2015-03-25 18:29:53","361–392","","02","68","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Nelson_Katzenstein_2014_(Uncertainty, Risk, and the Financial Crisis of 2008).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8K5NTPEA","journalArticle","1983","Leng, Russell J.","When will they ever learn? Coercive bargaining in recurrent crises","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/27/3/379.short","","1983","2015-02-17 13:33:27","2015-02-17 13:33:27","2015-02-17 13:33:27","379–419","","3","27","","","When will they ever learn?","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8KBTB426","book","2011","","International Practices","","","","","","","2011","2012-04-30 05:42:29","2014-09-04 20:13:05","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","Adler, Emanuel; Pouliot, Vincent","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8KP3HIP7","journalArticle","2014","Gisselquist, Rachel M.","Paired Comparison and Theory Development: Considerations for Case Selection","PS: Political Science & Politics","","1537-5935","10.1017/S1049096514000419","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1049096514000419","ABSTRACT Despite the widespread use of paired comparisons, we lack clear guidance about how to use this research strategy in practice, particularly in case selection. The literature tends to assume that cases are systematically selected from a known population, a major assumption for many topics of interest to political scientists. This article speaks to this gap. It describes three distinct logics of paired comparison relevant to theory development, presents a simple way of considering and comparing them, and explores how this approach can inform more intentional research design, with particular attention to low information settings where substantial research is needed to ascertain the values of independent or dependent variables. The discussion underscores inter alia the need to be aware and explicit about the implications of case selection for the ability to test and build theory, and the need to reconsider the well-cited “rule” of not selecting on the dependent variable.","2014-04","2015-02-23 19:02:32","2015-02-23 19:02:32","2015-02-23 19:02:32","477–484","","02","47","","","Paired Comparison and Theory Development","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Gisselquist_2014_(Paired Comparison and Theory Development).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8KU73Z4D","journalArticle","2011","Jandhyala, Srividya; Henisz, Witold J.; Mansfield, Edward D.","Three waves of BITs: The global diffusion of foreign investment policy","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/early/2011/07/30/0022002711414373.abstract","Bilateral investment treaties (BITs), agreements that provide extensive rights and protection to foreign investors, were first adopted in the 1960s, proliferated in the late 1980s and 1990s, especially among developing countries, and seemingly fell out of fashion after 2001. To explain this life cycle of diffusion across the international state system, we argue that BIT signing followed a traditional logic of diffusion for an innovation albeit here in the policy realm. In the first period, BITs provided a solution to the time inconsistency problem facing host governments and foreign investors. In the second period, these treaties became the global standard governing foreign investment. As the density of BITs among peer countries increased, more countries signed them in order to gain legitimacy and acceptance without a full understanding of their costs and competencies. More recently, as the potential legal liabilities involved in BIT signing have become more broadly understood, the pattern of adoption has reverted to a more competitive and rational logic. Our empirical tests of BIT signing over four decades provide evidence for such a three-stage model.","2011","2014-10-31 13:58:38","2014-10-31 14:52:34","2014-10-31 13:58:38","","","","","","","Three waves of BITs","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8KXUTQZP","journalArticle","1999","Powell, Robert","The Modeling Enterprise and Security Studies","International Security","","","","http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/international_security/v024/24.2.powell.html","","1999","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2012-05-19","97–106","","2","24","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8MF7BQQW","journalArticle","2007","Elsig, M.","The EU's Choice of Regulatory Venues for Trade Negotiations: A Tale of Agency Power?*","Journal of Common Market Studies","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-5965.2007.00754.x/full","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2013-01-31","927–948","","4","45","","","The EU's Choice of Regulatory Venues for Trade Negotiations","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8MI2FHC3","journalArticle","1999","Gerring, John","What Makes a Concept Good? A Criterial Framework for Understanding Concept Formation in the Social Sciences","Polity","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3235246","Nowhere in the broad and heterogeneous work on concept formation has the question of conceptual utility been satisfactorily addressed. Goodness in concept formation, I argue, cannot be reduced to 'clarity,' to empirical or theoretical relevance, to a set of rules, or to the methodology particular to a given study. Rather, I argue that conceptual adequacy should be perceived as an attempt to respond to a standard set of criteria, whose demands are felt in the formation and use of all social science concepts: (1) familiarity, (2) resonance, (3) parsimony, (4) coherence, (5) differentiation, (6) depth, (7) theoretical utility, and (8) field utility. The significance of this study is to be found not simply in answering this important question, but also in providing a complete and reasonably concise framework for explaining the process of concept formation within the social sciences. Rather than conceiving of concept formation as a method (with a fixed set of rules and a definite outcome), I view it as a highly variable process involving trade-offs among these eight demands.","1999","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2014-09-04 18:31:49","","357–393","","3","31","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1999 Northeastern Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8MQHCQTJ","journalArticle","2007","Brownlee, Jason","Hereditary succession in modern autocracies","World Politics","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0043887100004652","Hereditary succession, the conventional method for preserving monarchies, has also been used to perpetuate republic-style dictatorships. With an original data set of 258 post-World War II nonmonarchical autocrats, the author tests Gordon Tullock's hypothesis that hereditary succession appeals to the ruler and to nonfamilial elites wary of a leadership struggle. The full data and close comparisons of succession outcomes are consistent with Tullock's account. In the absence of prior experience selecting a ruler through a party, regime elites accepted filial heirs apparent; when the incumbent had arisen from a party, his successor predominantly emerged from that organization. Among twenty-two cases of potential hereditary succession, variations in institutional history account for 77 percent of succession outcomes. Where the ruler preceded the party, five rulers in seven cases groomed sons and all five sons took office. In contrast, where the party predated the ruler, incumbents successfully installed sons in only three of fifteen cases.","2007","2015-12-08 20:37:14","2015-12-08 20:37:34","2015-12-08 20:37:14","595–628","","04","59","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Brownlee_2007_(Hereditary succession in modern autocracies).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8MUHEQQN","book","1979","Skocpol, Theda","States & Social Revolutions: A comparative analysis of France, Russia, & China","","","","","","","1979","2012-10-30 17:46:18","2014-09-04 20:26:37","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8N4M5E5R","journalArticle","2003","Cremer, Helmuth; Gasmi, Farid; Laffont, Jean-Jacques","Access to pipelines in competitive gas markets","Journal of Regulatory Economics","","","","http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1023943613605","","2003","2015-02-02 02:17:14","2015-02-02 02:17:14","2015-02-02 02:17:14","5–33","","1","24","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2003/Cremer et al_2003_(Access to pipelines in competitive gas markets).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8NRAWIMT","journalArticle","2013","Farah, Paolo D.; Cima, Elena","Energy Trade and the WTO: Implications for Renewable Energy and the OPEC Cartel","Journal of International Economic Law","","1369-3034, 1464-3758","10.1093/jiel/jgt024","http://jiel.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/09/02/jiel.jgt024","Energy has become increasingly important in international trade relations. However, the World Trade Organization (WTO) does not deal specifically with this sector, and this creates several problems when it comes to regulating trade in energy goods and services. The situation is further complicated, on the one hand, by the need to foster the diffusion of renewable energy to address the current environmental concerns and, on the other, by the total and overwhelming control exercised by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) over the oil market. It is true that, recently, the WTO has shown an increasingly open approach towards environmental issues. However, free trade is still the backbone of the Organization and trade liberalization its main goal. This explains why the WTO Panel and Appellate Body are still reluctant to justify measures adopted to support the renewable energy sector that may conflict with international trade law. Different might be the case with fossil fuels, the main competitor of renewable energy. OPEC exploits several strategies to control oil prices, which, at least in theory, clash with international trade rules. However, whatever the reason, such practices have never been challenged in front of the WTO. The way WTO provisions are interpreted and applied by the Panel and the Appellate Body when environmental concerns are involved can be used as a starting point to forecast a hypothetical judgment in case OPEC’s practices were eventually challenged.","2013-09-02","2013-10-01 15:59:11","2014-12-04 02:54:11","2013-10-01 15:59:11","707-740","","3","16","","J Int Economic Law","Energy Trade and the WTO","","","","","","","en","","","","","jiel.oxfordjournals.org","","","","","","Energy; WTO","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8P672X94","journalArticle","1978","Gourevitch, Peter","The Second Image Reversed: The International Sources of Domestic Politics","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2706180","The international system is not only an expression of domestic structures, but a cause of them. Two schools of analysis exploring the impact of the international system upon domestic politics (regime types, institutions, coalitions, policies) may be distinguished: those which stress the international economy, and those which stress political-military rivalry, or war. Among the former are such arguments as: late industrialization (associated with Gershenkron); dependencia or core-periphery arguments (Wallerstein); liberal development model (much American writing in the 50s and 60s); transnational relation-modernization (Nye, Keohane, Morse); neo-mercantilists (Gilpin); state-centered Marxists (Schurmann). Arguments stressing the role of war include those which focus on the organizational requirements of providing security (Hintze, Anderson), the special nature of foreign relations (classical political theory), territorial compensation (diplomatic history), and strains of foreign involvement (analysis of revolutions). These arguments provide the basis for criticism of much of the literature which uses domestic structure as an explanation of foreign policy, in particular those which (such as the strong-state weak-state distinction) tend, by excessive focus on forms, to obscure the connection between structures and interests, and the role of politics. These arguments also permit criticism of the notion of a recent fundamental discontinuity in the nature of international relations.","1978","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2012-05-06","881–912","","4","32","","","The Second Image Reversed","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8P7VM694","manuscript","2011","Abdelal, Rawi","The Profits of Power: Commerce and Realpolitik in Eurasia","","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8P8MBQRV","book","1986","Oye, Kenneth A.","Cooperation Under Anarchy","","0691076952","","","","","1986","2012-05-05 12:04:40","2014-09-04 20:25:39","","","260","","","","","","","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton, N.J","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","D445 .C736 1986","","","","","20th century; International cooperation; International economic relations; International relations; World politics","International cooperation; International economic relations; World politics","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8PKQH84U","book","2006","Ellman, Michael.","Russia's oil and natural gas : bonanza or curse?","","1843312174","","","","","2006","2012-05-08 20:21:53","2014-09-04 20:27:42","","","","","","","","Russia's oil and natural gas","","","","","Anthem Press","New York","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","4.935.\textbar2gtt; Aardgas.\textbar2gtt; Aardolie.\textbar2gtt; Natural gas reserves – Economic aspects\textbarzRussia (Federation)\textbarvCongresses.; Petroleum industry and trade – Russia (Federation)\textbarvCongresses.","4.935.|2gtt; Aardgas.|2gtt; Aardolie.|2gtt; Natural gas reserves -- Economic aspects|zRussia (Federation)|vCongresses.; Petroleum industry and trade -- Russia (Federation)|vCongresses.","","","","Ellman, Michael.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8PQR5BIN","journalArticle","2011","Schwarz, E. A. G.","Political Mobilization Through Online Social Networks","","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8PS4H5KD","journalArticle","2000","Claessens, Stijn; Djankov, Simeon; Lang, Larry","The separation of ownership and control in East Asian Corporations","Journal of Financial Economics","","","0304-405X/00/$","","","2000","2015-09-09 18:23:20","2015-09-09 18:25:06","","81-112","","","58","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2000/Claessens et al_2000_(The separation of ownership and control in East Asian Corporations).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8PUZ839V","journalArticle","1999","Walt, Steven M.","Rigor or rigor mortis?: Rational choice and security studies","International Security","","","","","","1999","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","","5–48","","4","23","","","Rigor or rigor mortis?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8Q9K8S9K","journalArticle","2006","Marshall, Monty G.; Jaggers, Keith; Gurr, Ted R.","nd “Polity IV Project: Political Regime Characteristics and Transitions, 1800–2009.”","URL: http://www. systemicpeace. org/polity/polity4. htm","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","","","","","","","","nd “Polity IV Project","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8QJW7K64","journalArticle","1995","Payne, Rodger A.","Freedom and the environment","Journal of democracy","","","","http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/journal_of_democracy/v006/6.3payne.html","","1995","2015-04-12 18:10:31","2015-04-12 18:10:31","2015-04-12 18:10:31","41–55","","3","6","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8QKXRJ8P","journalArticle","2010","Vivoda, Vlado","International oil companies, US Government and energy security policy: an interest-based analysis","International Journal of Global Energy Issues","","","","http://inderscience.metapress.com/index/w116l8v72u570753.pdf","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-11-08 12:50:34","2012-10-04","73–88","","1","33","","","International oil companies, US Government and energy security policy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Vivoda_2010_(International oil companies, US Government and energy security policy).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8QR8MMA5","journalArticle","2012","Gailmard, Sean; Patty, John W.","Formal Models of Bureaucracy","Annual Review of Political Science","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-polisci-031710-103314","In the past decade, political science has witnessed a substantial amount of research using formal models to explicate the rationale for and effects of myriad aspects of bureaucratic institutions. Whereas previous waves of formal modeling on bureaucratic structure emphasized bureaucracy as a device for making policy commitments last, more recent formal research has grappled with information asymmetries and more explicitly considered the principal-agent relationship between bureaucracies and political authorities. We review several major recent themes in this literature, particularly the effects and development of bureaucratic hierarchies, the agency dilemmas inherent when policy-making authority is delegated to bureaucrats, and the effects of institutional structure on the development and sharing of expertise and capacity in bureaucracies.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2012-09-06","353–377","","1","15","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","delegation; expertise; information asymmetries; principal-agent theory","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8RJK8ECH","journalArticle","2009","Musayeva, Aynura A.","Managerial Organization in the CIS Region: The Case of Azerbaijan Oil Market","European Research Studies Journal","","","","http://www.ersj.eu/repec/ers/papers/09_2_p10.pdf","","2009","2014-11-05 13:52:41","2014-11-05 13:52:41","2014-11-05 13:52:41","149–156","","2","12","","","Managerial Organization in the CIS Region","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Musayeva_2009_(Managerial Organization in the CIS Region).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8RN8BSWB","journalArticle","2007","Schwartz, S. H.","Universalism values and the inclusiveness of our moral universe","Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology","","","","","","2007","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:26:22","","711-728","","6","38","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8RWTDB59","journalArticle","2015","Turton, Helen Louise","“Please Mind the Gap”: Policy Relevance and British IR","Perspectives on Politics","","1541-0986","10.1017/S1537592715000183","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1537592715000183","","2015-06","2015-06-19 09:42:31","2015-06-19 09:42:31","2015-06-19 09:42:31","399–401","","02","13","","","“Please Mind the Gap”","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Turton_2015_(“Please Mind the Gap”).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8SFQ8K94","book","1992","Steinmo, Sven; Thelen, Kathleen Ann; Longstreth, Frank","Structuring politics: historical institutionalism in comparative analysis","","0521417805","","","","","1992","2012-09-06 12:23:06","2014-09-04 20:27:50","","","257","","","","","Structuring politics","Cambridge studies in comparative politics","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge [England] ; New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JF11 .S77 1992","","","","","Comparative government; Institutional economics; Social institutions","Comparative government; Institutional economics; Social institutions","","","","Steinmo, Sven; Thelen, Kathleen Ann; Longstreth, Frank","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8SU8X8BQ","journalArticle","2007","Honig, B.","Between decision and deliberation: political paradox in democratic theory","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","","1","","1","101","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8SXGKI3J","journalArticle","2005","Mitzen, Jennifer","Reading Habermas in Anarchy: Multilateral Diplomacy and Global Public Spheres","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/30038948","States routinely justify their policies in interstate forums, and this reason-giving seems to serve a legitimating function. But how could this be For Habermas and other global public sphere the-orists, the exchange of reasons oriented toward understanding-communicative action-5 central to public sphere governance, where political power is held accountable to those affected. But most global public sphere theory considers communicative action only among nonstate actors. Indeed, anarchy is a hard case for public spheres. The normative potential of communicative action rests on its instability: only where consensus can be undone by better reasons, through argument, can we say speakers are holding one another accountable to reason. But argument means disagreement, and especially in anarchy disagreement can mean violence. Domestically, the state backstops argument to prevent violence. Internationally, I propose that international society and publicity function similarly. Public talk can mitigate the security dilemma and enable interstate communicative action. Viewing multilateral diplomacy as a legitimation process makes sense of the intuition that interstate talk matters, while tempering a potentially aggressive cosmopolitanism.","2005","2014-09-04 18:32:03","2014-09-04 18:32:03","","401–417","","3","99","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2005 American Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8TNCBJPD","book","2001","Mearsheimer, John J.","The Tragedy of Great Power Politics","","0393020258","","","","","2001","2012-05-05 13:21:58","2014-09-04 20:25:09","","","555","","","","","","","","","","Norton","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","D397 .M38 2001","","","","","19th century; 20th century; Great powers; International relations; World politics","19th century; Great powers; World politics","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8TR3F5PJ","journalArticle","2013","Stokes, Leah C.","The politics of renewable energy policies: The case of feed-in tariffs in Ontario, Canada","Energy Policy","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421513000153","Designing and implementing a renewable energy policy involves political decisions and actors. Yet most research on renewable energy policies comparatively evaluates instruments from an economic or technical perspective. This paper presents a case study of Ontario's feed-in tariff policies between 1997 and 2012 to analyze how the political process affects renewable energy policy design and implementation. Ontario's policy, although initially successful, has met with increasing resistance over time. The case reveals key political tensions that arise during implementation. First, high-level support for a policy does not necessarily translate into widespread public support, particularly for local deployment. Second, the government often struggles under asymmetric information during price setting, which may weaken the policy's legitimacy with the public due to higher costs. Third, there is an unacknowledged tension that governments must navigate between policy stability, to spur investment, and adaptive policymaking, to improve policy design. Fourth, when multiple jurisdictions pursue the same policies simultaneously, international political conflict over jobs and innovation may occur. These implementation tensions result from political choices during policy design and present underappreciated challenges to transforming the electricity system. Governments need to critically recognize the political dimension of renewable energy policies to secure sustained political support.","2013","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2013-02-01","","","","","","","The politics of renewable energy policies","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Energy politics; Feed-in-tariff; Renewable energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8TSPCA63","journalArticle","2015","Jusko, Karen L.","Electoral geography and redistributive politics","Journal of Theoretical Politics","","0951-6298, 1460-3667","10.1177/0951629814521514","http://jtp.sagepub.com/content/27/2/269","This paper offers a new electoral geography perspective on two stylized facts that do not fit easily with our current understanding of the implications of electoral rules for electoral politics and social policy: (1) proportional representation (PR) electoral rules are not always associated with more generous social spending. In some cases, we observe comparatively high levels of social spending in majoritarian single-member district (SMD) systems. (2) Contrary to our theoretical expectations, national two-party competition occurs rarely, even under SMD rules. Here, I demonstrate the importance of electoral geography through a series of analytic examples that are based on a simple model of electoral politics, and in which all possible combinations of electoral boundaries, rules, and voter locations are manipulated.","2015-04-01","2015-04-09 18:54:10","2015-04-09 18:54:10","2015-04-09 18:54:10","269-287","","2","27","","Journal of Theoretical Politics","","","","","","","","en","","","","","jtp.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Jusko_2015_(Electoral geography and redistributive politics).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8TU3EQZE","journalArticle","2014","Spilker, Gabriele","Does Disaggregation Facilitate Our Understanding of International Regimes?","International Studies Review","","1468-2486","10.1111/misr.12172","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/misr.12172/abstract","","2014","2015-01-15 20:37:58","2015-01-15 20:37:58","2015-01-15 20:37:58","655-657","","4","16","","Int Stud Rev","","","","","","","","en","© 2014 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Spilker_2014_(Does Disaggregation Facilitate Our Understanding of International Regimes).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8U5AT5CS","journalArticle","2009","Cuervo-Cazurra, Alvaro; Dau, Luis Alfonso","Structural reform and firm exports","Management International Review","","","","http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11575-009-0005-8","","2009","2014-11-22 17:53:21","2014-11-22 17:53:44","2014-11-22 17:53:21","479–507","","4","49","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8U8K4CPZ","journalArticle","2013","Sala-i-Martin, Xavier; Subramanian, Arvind","Addressing the natural resource curse: an illustration from Nigeria","Journal of African Economies","","","","http://jae.oxfordjournals.org/content/22/4/570.short","","2013","2015-07-16 09:39:46","2015-07-16 09:39:46","2015-07-16 09:39:46","570–615","","4","22","","","Addressing the natural resource curse","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Sala-i-Martin_Subramanian_2013_(Addressing the natural resource curse).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8UAX4FDU","journalArticle","2010","Hopkins, D. J.; King, G.","Improving Anchoring Vignettes","Public Opinion Quarterly","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2014-09-04 18:31:31","","201–222","","2","74","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8UNJHR2S","journalArticle","2009","Globerman, Steven; Shapiro, Daniel","Economic and strategic considerations surrounding Chinese FDI in the United States","Asia Pacific Journal of Management","","0217-4561, 1572-9958","10.1007/s10490-008-9112-5","http://link.springer.com.proxy.library.georgetown.edu/article/10.1007/s10490-008-9112-5","The growth of outward investment from China has generated expressions of concern from policymakers in the United States regarding the economic and national security impacts of such investments. While inward foreign direct investment (FDI) has come to be viewed by most observers as generally imparting net economic benefits to the host economy, acquisitions of US companies by Chinese multinational companies (MNCs) have been criticized on several grounds. One is based on the mode of entry itself: some critics believe that entry by acquisition brings lower benefits than greenfield entry. A second and more prominent concern is that acquisitions of US companies by Chinese state-owned enterprises (SOEs) may be motivated by non-commercial objectives which, in turn, make those acquisitions of questionable value to the host economy. In this paper, we argue that Chinese FDI in the United States is more likely to take the form of acquisitions than greenfield investments for the foreseeable future. However, there is no strong case to be made that the host country economic benefits from Chinese FDI would be larger if entry took place primarily through greenfield investments. Furthermore, most of the alleged costs to the US economy from inward FDI from China are either unlikely to occur or are already anticipated by existing US laws and regulations, thus necessitating no additional, specific legislation.","2009-03-01","2014-11-14 01:23:01","2014-11-14 01:23:01","2014-11-14 01:23:01","163-183","","1","26","","Asia Pac J Manag","","","","","","","","en","","","","","link.springer.com.proxy.library.georgetown.edu","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8V43V8AS","journalArticle","2003","Kogut, Bruce; Zander, Udo","Knowledge of the Firm and the Evolutionary Theory of the Multinational Corporation: 2003 Decade Award Winning Article","Journal of International Business Studies","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3557192","Firms are social communities that specialize in the creation and internal transfer of knowledge. The multinational corporation arises not out of the failure of markets for the buying and selling of knowledge, but out of its superior efficiency as an organizational vehicle by which to transfer this knowledge across borders. We test the claim that firms specialize in the internal transfer of tacit knowledge by empirically examining the decision to transfer the capability to manufacture new products to wholly owned subsidiaries or to other parties. The empirical results show that the less codifiable and the harder to teach is the technology, the more likely the transfer will be to wholly owned operations. This result implies that the choice of transfer mode is determined by the efficiency of the multinational corporation in transferring knowledge relative to other firms, not relative to an abstract market transaction. The notion of the firm as specializing in the transfer and recombination of knowledge is the foundation to an evolutionary theory of the multinational corporation","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2012-09-20","516–529","","6","34","","","Knowledge of the Firm and the Evolutionary Theory of the Multinational Corporation","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2003 Palgrave Macmillan Journals","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8V8HQMV4","journalArticle","2010","Walldorf, C. W.","Argument, institutional process, and human rights sanctions in democratic foreign policy","European Journal of International Relations","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-09-04 18:31:47","","639–662","","4","16","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8VPNBZMF","journalArticle","2013","Karolyi, G. Andrew; Liao, Rose C.","State capitalism’s global reach: Evidence from foreign acquisitions by state-owned companies","Cornell University Working Paper","","","","http://capitalism.wfu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/StatesCapitalismGlobalReach.pdf","","2013","2014-12-02 21:23:23","2014-12-02 21:23:42","2014-12-02 21:23:23","","","","","","","State capitalism’s global reach","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Karolyi_Liao_2013_(State capitalism’s global reach).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8VRW3GD9","journalArticle","2013","Goertz, G.; Mahoney, J.","Methodological Rorschach Tests: Contrasting Interpretations in Qualitative and Quantitative Research","Comparative Political Studies","","0010-4140, 1552-3829","10.1177/0010414012466376","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/46/2/236.full.pdf+html?rss=1","","2013-02-01","2014-09-21 21:50:25","2014-09-21 21:50:25","2014-09-21 21:50:25","236-251","","2","46","","","Methodological Rorschach Tests","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8W2ZU69P","journalArticle","2010","Tsygankov, a. P.; Tsygankov, P. a.","National ideology and IR theory: Three incarnations of the 'Russian idea'","European Journal of International Relations","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","","663–686","","4","16","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8W6QW4IK","journalArticle","2015","Humphreys, Macartan; Jacobs, Alan M.","Mixing Methods: A Bayesian Approach","American Political Science Review","","1537-5943","10.1017/S0003055415000453","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0003055415000453","We develop an approach to multimethod research that generates joint learning from quantitative and qualitative evidence. The framework—Bayesian integration of quantitative and qualitative data (BIQQ)—allows researchers to draw causal inferences from combinations of correlational (cross-case) and process-level (within-case) observations, given prior beliefs about causal effects, assignment propensities, and the informativeness of different kinds of causal-process evidence. In addition to posterior estimates of causal effects, the framework yields updating on the analytical assumptions underlying correlational analysis and process tracing. We illustrate the BIQQ approach with two applications to substantive issues that have received significant quantitative and qualitative treatment in political science: the origins of electoral systems and the causes of civil war. Finally, we demonstrate how the framework can yield guidance on multimethod research design, presenting results on the optimal combinations of qualitative and quantitative data collection under different research conditions.","2015-11","2015-12-24 17:09:41","2015-12-24 17:09:41","2015-12-24 17:09:41","653–673","","04","109","","","Mixing Methods","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Humphreys_Jacobs_2015_(Mixing Methods).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8WZ36VB6","journalArticle","2013","Bidner, Chris; Francois, Patrick","The Emergence of Political Accountability*","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","","","http://qje.oxfordjournals.org/content/128/3/1397","When and how do democratic institutions deliver accountable government? In addressing this broad question, we focus on the role played by political norms—specifically, the extent to which leaders abuse office for personal gain and the extent to which citizens punish such transgressions. We show how qualitatively distinct political norms can coexist because of a dynamic complementarity, in which citizens' willingness to punish transgressions is raised when they expect such punishments to be used in the future. We seek to understand the emergence of accountability by analysing transitions between norms. To do so, we extend the analysis to include the possibility that, at certain times, a segment of voters are (behaviorally) intolerant of transgressions. Our mechanism highlights the role of leaders, offering an account of how their actions can instigate enduring change, within a fixed set of formal institutions, by disrupting prevailing political norms. We show how such changes do not depend on “sun spots” to trigger coordination, and are asymmetric in effect—a series of good leaders can (and eventually will) improve norms, whereas bad leaders cannot damage them. JEL Codes: D72, P16, C73.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2013-07-08","1397–1448","","3","128","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8X32VH2R","journalArticle","2009","Schneider, Ben Ross","Hierarchical Market Economies and Varieties of Capitalism in Latin America","Journal of Latin American Studies","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","","553–575","","03","41","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","America Latina; aprimoramento profissional; business groups; capacidades; corporaciones multinacionales; corporações multinacionais; economic liberalisation; grupos corporativos; grupos empresariales; labour; Latin America; Latinoamérica; liberalização econômica; liberalización económica; mão de obra; multinational corporations; skills; trabajo; variedades de capitalismo; varieties of capitalism","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8XISZKE2","journalArticle","2000","Iversen, Torben; Cusack, Thomas R.","The Causes of Welfare State Expansion: Deindustrialization or Globalization?","World Politics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/25054116","An influential line of argument holds that globalization causes economic uncertainty and spurs popular demands for compensatory welfare state spending. This article argues that the relationship between globalization and welfare state expansion is spurious and that the engine of welfare state expansion since the 1960s has been deindustrialization. Based on cross-sectional-time-series data for fifteen OECD countries, the authors show that there is no relationship between globalization and the level of labor-market risks (in terms of employment and wages), whereas the uncertainty and dislocations caused by deindustrialization have spurred electoral demands for welfare state compensation and risk sharing. Yet, while differential rates of deindustrialization explain differences in the overall size of the welfare state, its particular character-in terms of the share of direct government provision and the equality of transfer payments-is shaped by government partisanship. The argument has implications for the study and the future of the welfare state that are very different from those suggested in the globalization literature.","2000","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2013-02-04","313–349","","3","52","","","The Causes of Welfare State Expansion","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2000 Trustees of Princeton University","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8XIV95CE","journalArticle","1990","Hill, Charles WL; Hwang, Peter; Kim, W. Chan","An eclectic theory of the choice of international entry mode","Strategic management journal","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/smj.4250110204/abstract","","1990","2014-11-04 21:05:32","2014-11-04 21:05:32","2014-11-04 21:05:32","117–128","","2","11","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1990/Hill et al_1990_(An eclectic theory of the choice of international entry mode).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8XQ99RVS","journalArticle","1990","Herbst, Jeffrey","The structural adjustment of politics in Africa","World Development","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0305750X9090078C","","1990","2013-05-13 16:27:54","2014-09-04 20:23:46","2013-05-13 16:27:54","949–958","","7","18","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8XQI2RTF","journalArticle","2000","Jackman, Simon","Estimation and inference are missing data problems: Unifying social science statistics via Bayesian simulation","Political Analysis","","","","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/content/8/4/307.short","","2000","2014-09-29 19:59:57","2014-09-29 19:59:57","2014-09-29 19:59:57","307–332","","4","8","","","Estimation and inference are missing data problems","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8ZAHUE82","journalArticle","2005","Van Cott, Donna Lee","A graduate student's guide to publishing scholarly journal articles","Political Science and Politics","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S1049096505050237","","2005","2015-02-26 21:23:39","2015-02-26 21:23:39","2015-02-26 21:23:39","741–743","","04","38","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2005/Van Cott_2005_(A graduate student's guide to publishing scholarly journal articles).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8ZB9XHGT","thesis","2007","Boksay, Endre SW","The Effects of Ownership Structure and Exogenous Shocks on State Capacity and Institutions in Resource-Rich States: A Case Study of Russia","","","","","http://www.etd.ceu.hu/2007/boksay_endre.pdf","","2007","2014-11-05 13:52:06","2014-11-05 13:52:06","2014-11-05 13:52:06","","","","","","","The Effects of Ownership Structure and Exogenous Shocks on State Capacity and Institutions in Resource-Rich States","","","","","Central European University","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Boksay_2007_(The Effects of Ownership Structure and Exogenous Shocks on State Capacity and).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8ZDABSIR","journalArticle","2014","Erikson, Robert S.; Pinto, Pablo M.; Rader, Kelly T.","Dyadic Analysis in International Relations: A Cautionary Tale","Political Analysis","","1047-1987, 1476-4989","10.1093/pan/mpt051","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/content/22/4/457","International relations scholars frequently rely on data sets with country pairs, or dyads, as the unit of analysis. Dyadic data, with its thousands and sometimes hundreds of thousands of observations, may seem ideal for hypothesis testing. However, dyadic observations are not independent events. Failure to account for this dependence in the data dramatically understates the size of standard errors and overstates the power of hypothesis tests. We illustrate this problem by analyzing a central proposition among IR scholars, the democratic trade hypothesis, which claims that democracies seek out other democracies as trading partners. We employ randomization tests to infer the correct p-values associated with the trade hypotheses. Our results show that typical statistical tests for significance are severely overconfident when applied to dyadic data.","2014-10-01","2015-06-30 16:10:20","2015-06-30 16:10:20","2015-06-30 16:10:20","457-463","","4","22","","Political Analysis","Dyadic Analysis in International Relations","","","","","","","en","","","","","pan.oxfordjournals.org","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Erikson et al_2014_(Dyadic Analysis in International Relations).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8ZQ37IVJ","journalArticle","2009","Robinson, N.","August 1998 and the development of Russia's post-communist political economy","Review of International Political Economy","","","","","Russia's experience of financial crisis has been novel: crisis was followed by growth rather than depression, and did not lead to any increased role for foreign economic agencies or actors in Russia's economy. This novel experience resulted from the structure of Russia's economy in the 1990s, the limited role of financial intermediation in the Russian economy and rising oil prices. Consequently, the chief outcome of crisis has been political, the renewal of central political authority and a reining in of major economic interests. This has helped to solve the problem of state finances, which was the source of the 1998 crisis, but neither economic growth nor increased central political authority have managed to deal with the problem of capital deficiency in Russia so that it remains dependent on energy exports to continue growing. Potentially, this leaves Russia exposed to 'resource curse' problems. While these have been avoided so far, the absence of constraints on political leaders might lead to such problems in the future. \copyright 2009 Taylor & Francis.","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","","433–455","","3","16","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Financial crisis; Resource Curse; Russia; State-economy relations; Virtual economy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "8ZWZJXJ8","journalArticle","2001","Klare, Michael T.","The New Geography of Conflict","Foreign Affairs","","","","","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","","49–61","","3","80","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "93HDDF72","journalArticle","2011","Redding, Stephen J.","Theories of Heterogeneous Firms and Trade","Annual Review of Economics","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-economics-111809-125118","This article reviews the recent theoretical literature on heterogeneous firms and trade, which emphasizes firm selection into international markets and reallocations of resources across firms. We discuss the empirical challenges that motivated this research and its relationship to traditional trade theories. We examine the implications of firm heterogeneity for comparative advantage, market size, aggregate trade, the welfare gains from trade, and the relationship between trade and income distribution. Although a number of studies examine the endogenous response of firm productivity to trade liberalization, modeling internal firm organization and the origins of firm heterogeneity remain interesting areas of ongoing research.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2012-09-06","77–105","","1","3","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","International trade; selection into exporting; within-industry reallocation","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "93XJ7KKU","journalArticle","2014","Ngoasong, Michael Zisuh","How international oil and gas companies respond to local content policies in petroleum-producing developing countries: A narrative enquiry","Energy Policy","","0301-4215","10.1016/j.enpol.2014.05.048","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421514003632","This paper uses narrative analysis to critically examine the business practices used by five international oil and gas companies (IOCs) (Chevron, ExxonMobil, Shell, BP and Total) to respond to local content policies in petroleum-producing developing countries (Nigeria, Angola, Venezuela, Kazakhstan, Brazil, Indonesia, Yemen and Indonesia) during the period 2000–2012. The business practices include the formulation of local content strategies that are implemented through programmes and initiatives aimed at developing and using host country suppliers and workforce. Such practices and the narratives used to communicate them implicitly reflect the context in which the effectiveness of local content policies on economic development can be assessed. By comparing and contrasting the narratives across the five IOCs in relation to the wider literature, four emergent narrative strategies justifying the business practices of IOCs are identified and discussed. They include: (1) direct engagement to renegotiate local content requirements with governments, (2) legal compliance framework, (3) the business case for local content strategies, and (4) corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives. The conclusion considers the policy implications of these findings for local content development in petroleum-producing developing countries.","2014-10","2014-10-02 13:07:41","2014-10-02 13:07:41","2014-10-02 13:07:41","471-479","","","73","","Energy Policy","How international oil and gas companies respond to local content policies in petroleum-producing developing countries","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Ngoasong_2014_(How international oil and gas companies respond to local content policies in).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "948REJKB","journalArticle","2014","Aradau, Claudia; Huysmans, Jef","Critical methods in International Relations: The politics of techniques, devices and acts","European Journal of International Relations","","1354-0661, 1460-3713","10.1177/1354066112474479","http://ejt.sagepub.com/content/20/3/596","Methods have increasingly been placed at the heart of theoretical and empirical research in International Relations (IR) and social sciences more generally. This article explores the role of methods in IR and argues that methods can be part of a critical project if reconceptualized away from neutral techniques of organizing empirical material and research design. It proposes a two-pronged reconceptualization of critical methods as devices which enact worlds and acts which disrupt particular worlds. Developing this conceptualization allows us to foreground questions of knowledge and politics as stakes of method and methodology rather than exclusively of ontology, epistemology or theory. It also allows us to move away from the dominance of scientificity (and its weaker versions of systematicity and rigour) to understand methods as less pure, less formal, messier and more experimental, carrying substantive political visions.","2014-09-01","2014-09-08 20:24:47","2014-09-08 20:24:47","2014-09-08 20:24:47","596-619","","3","20","","European Journal of International Relations","Critical methods in International Relations","","","","","","","en","","","","","ejt.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Aradau_Huysmans_2014_(Critical methods in International Relations).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "94BCHHKT","book","2009","Thomas, Ashley Anne","Balancing power through the market: Government intervention in cross-border mergers & acquisitions","","","","","http://gradworks.umi.com/33/50/3350106.html","","2009","2014-10-16 04:41:38","2014-10-16 04:41:38","2014-10-16 04:41:38","","","","","","","Balancing power through the market","","","","","Georgetown University","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/8V7RTFAF/NPDF.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "94HQPF9R","journalArticle","2011","Zarakol, Aye","Theorizing International Relations: Politics vs. Philosophy","International Studies Review","","","","http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2486.2011.01075.x","Zarakol, Aye. (2011) Theorizing International Relations: Politics vs. Philosophy. International Studies Review, doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2486.2011.01075.x","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","","647–653","","4","13","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "94JM7NVV","journalArticle","2012","Wacziarg, Romain","The first law of petropolitics","Economica","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-0335.2011.00902.x/full","","2012","2015-01-13 19:29:31","2015-01-13 19:29:31","2015-01-13 19:29:31","641–657","","316","79","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Wacziarg_2012_(The first law of petropolitics).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "954DTZ6N","journalArticle","2015","Singh, Prerna","Subnationalism and Social Development: A Comparative Analysis of Indian States","World Politics","","1086-3338","10.1017/S0043887115000131","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0043887115000131","The quality of life that a person leads depends critically on where it is led. Even taking into account levels of economic development, the chances of an individual surviving through infancy, growing up literate, or living a healthy, long life vary dramatically across regions of the world, in different countries, and within the same country. What are the causes of such variation in wellbeing? This article points to a factor that has been virtually ignored in the vast scholarship on social welfare and development—the solidarity that emerges from a sense of shared identity. The argument marks an important departure from the traditional emphasis on the role of class and electoral politics, as well as from the dominant view of the negative implications of identity for welfare. Combining statistical analyses of all Indian states and a comparative historical analysis of two Indian provinces, Kerala and Uttar Pradesh, this article demonstrates how the strength of attachment to the subnational political community—subnationalism—can drive a progressive social policy and improve developmental outcomes.","2015-07","2015-06-26 11:52:26","2015-06-26 11:52:26","2015-06-26 11:52:26","506–562","","03","67","","","Subnationalism and Social Development","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Singh_2015_(Subnationalism and Social Development).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "95K74RI3","journalArticle","2007","Paik, Keun-Wook; Marcel, Valerie; Lahn, Glada; Mitchell, John V.; Adylov, Erkin","Trends in Asian NOC investment abroad","Working Background Paper","","","","https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/public/Research/Energy,%20Environment%20and%20Development/r0307anoc.pdf","","2007","2014-09-24 22:16:27","2014-09-24 22:16:27","2014-09-24 22:16:27","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Paik et al/Paik et al_2007_Trends in Asian NOC investment abroad.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "95NVB96I","journalArticle","1986","Tirole, Jean","Hierarchies and bureaucracies: On the role of collusion in organizations","Journal of Law, Economics, & Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/765048","","1986","2015-03-18 03:06:42","2015-03-18 03:13:06","2015-03-18 03:06:42","181–214","","2","2","","","Hierarchies and bureaucracies","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1986/Tirole_1986_(Hierarchies and bureaucracies).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "963K7FET","journalArticle","2011","Shah, C.","Politics 2.0 with Facebook–Collecting and Analyzing Public Comments on Facebook for Studying Political Discourses","","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "96XVVG6E","journalArticle","2012","Price, Bryan C.","Targeting Top Terrorists: How Leadership Decapitation Contributes to Counterterrorism","International Security","","","","http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ISEC_a_00075","Several states, including Israel and the United States, have put decapitation tactics, which seek to kill or capture leaders of terrorist organizations, at the forefront of their counterterrorism efforts. The vast majority of scholarly work on decapitation suggests, however, that leadership decapitation is ineffective at best and counterproductive at worst. Contrary to this conventional wisdom, leadership decapitation significantly increases the mortality rate of terrorist groups, although the results indicate that the effect of decapitation decreases with the age of the group, even to a point where it may have no effect at all. This finding helps to explain the previously perplexing mixed record of decapitation effectiveness. Terrorist groups are especially susceptible to leadership decapitation because their organizational characteristics (they are violent, clandestine, and values based) amplify the difficulties of leadership succession. Additionally, in contrast to the conventional wisdom regarding the durability of terrorist groups, politically relevant terrorist groups (defined as those with at least four attacks including one attack resulting in a fatality) endure significantly longer than previously believed.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2012-09-21","9–46","","4","36","","","Targeting Top Terrorists","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9728V9QM","journalArticle","2013","Jensen, Nathan M.; Lindstädt, René","Globalization with Whom: Context-Dependent Foreign Direct Investment Preferences","Working Paper, Washington University","","","","https://pages.wustl.edu/files/pages/imce/nathanjensen/globalization_with_whom_working_paper.pdf","","2013","2014-12-03 02:25:37","2014-12-03 02:27:11","2014-12-03 02:25:37","","","","","","","Globalization with Whom","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "973IV8UP","journalArticle","2015","Acharya, Ram C.","Trade Policy in Lobbying Equilibrium: With Non-Traded and Traded Final Goods and Intermediate Inputs","Economics & Politics","","1468-0343","10.1111/ecpo.12058","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ecpo.12058/abstract","The paper derives trade policies endogenously for final consumption and intermediate input industries in the presence of a non-traded sector. Contrary to what the existing literature suggests, results show that there is no definite relation between lobbying status and the direction of trade policy of an industry. Trade protection of an industry depends on how its consumption (horizontal) and production (vertical) linkages with other industries reinforce or cancel out its lobbying efforts. To cite a few results, (i) an organized industry may face trade tax, whereas an unorganized one may obtain protection; (ii) an organized downstream industry may not be able to impose trade tax to an unorganized upstream industry, (iii) an organized upstream industry may not hurt unorganized downstream industry, (iv) lobby for non-traded industry alone can influence trade policies, and (v) lobby for traded industry affects the size of the non-traded sector in the economy.","2015-03-01","2015-03-16 14:17:27","2015-03-16 14:18:08","2015-03-16 14:17:27","","","","","","Econ Polit","Trade Policy in Lobbying Equilibrium","","","","","","","en","© 2015 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada Economics and Politics © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Acharya_2015_(Trade Policy in Lobbying Equilibrium).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "97CWAKRH","book","2011","Hellmich, Christina","Al-Qaeda: from global network to local franchise","","9781848139091","","","","","2011","2012-10-26 04:04:59","2014-09-04 20:23:44","","","212","","","","","Al-Qaeda","Rebels","","","","Fernwood ; Zed Books","Halifax : New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HV6432.5.Q2 H45 2011","","","","","Religious aspects Islam; Terrorism","Religious aspects Islam; Terrorism","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "97M3863Z","journalArticle","2012","Seabrooke, Leonard","Homespun capital: economic patriotism and housing finance under stress","Journal of European Public Policy","","1350-1763","10.1080/13501763.2011.638131","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13501763.2011.638131","Part of the state's job is to promote wealth creation that also provides public goods to enhance the broader population's life-chances. These systems for organizing economic life in a national political economy generally have to conform with widely held conceptions of how the economy should work to be legitimate and sustained. Support for the institutions that underpin citizens' welfare can be understood as a form of ‘economic patriotism’ – where there is a consistent preference for economic activity to be channelled through particular institutions that serve a defined population. This article traces the role and development of mortgage institutions in Denmark and the US. I examine the challenges to these institutions from the recent financial crisis, including calls for their abolition or reform. I suggest that economic patriotism and everyday politics explains both the origins of these institutions and also why they will persist through current domestic, regional and international politico-economic troubles.","2012","2013-03-15 21:54:01","2014-09-04 20:26:24","2013-03-15 21:54:01","358-372","","3","19","","","Homespun capital","","","","","","","","","","","","Taylor and Francis+NEJM","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "97TUJXCX","journalArticle","1997","Kydd, A.","Game theory and the spiral model","World Politics","","","","","","1997","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","","371–400","","","49","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "982VMV9D","book","2005","","Hannah Arendt and International Relations: Readings Across the Lines","","","","","http://site.ebrary.com/lib/georgetown/Doc?id=10135526","","2005","2014-09-04 18:32:03","2014-09-04 18:32:03","2012-05-06","","","","","","","","","","","","Palgrave Macmillan","New York","","","","","","","","LCCN: JC251.A74 H326 2005eb","","","","Arendt; Electronic books; Hannah; International relations","","Lang, Anthony F; Williams, John","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","1st ed","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "98M5GBZP","journalArticle","2010","Rickard, Stephanie J.","Democratic differences: Electoral institutions and compliance with GATT/WTO agreements","European Journal of International Relations","","","","http://ejt.sagepub.com/content/16/4/711","","2010","2014-09-04 18:32:03","2014-09-04 18:32:03","2012-11-17","711–729","","4","16","","","Democratic differences","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "98SM2KAI","journalArticle","2013","Simsek, Alp","Speculation and Risk Sharing with New Financial Assets*","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","","","http://qje.oxfordjournals.org/content/128/3/1365","I investigate the effect of financial innovation on portfolio risks when traders have belief disagreements. I decompose traders' average portfolio risks into two components: the uninsurable variance, defined as portfolio risks that would obtain without belief disagreements, and the speculative variance, defined as portfolio risks that result from speculation. My main result shows that financial innovation always increases the speculative variance through two distinct channels: by generating new bets and by amplifying traders' existing bets. When disagreements are large, these effects are sufficiently strong that financial innovation increases average portfolio risks, decreases average portfolio comovements, and generates greater speculative trading volume relative to risk-sharing volume. Moreover, a profit-seeking market maker endogenously introduces speculative assets that increase average portfolio risks. JEL Codes: G11, G12, D53.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2013-07-08","1365–1396","","3","128","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "98VGXI2I","journalArticle","1994","Crystal, Jill","Authoritarianism and its Adversaries in the Arab World","World Politics","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S004388710000900X","","1994","2015-05-05 10:24:06","2015-05-05 10:24:06","2015-05-05 10:24:06","262–289","","02","46","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1994/Crystal_1994_(Authoritarianism and its Adversaries in the Arab World).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "99FWDMVX","journalArticle","2014","Randall, Stephen J.","State Behavior in Energy Crises","International Studies Review","","1468-2486","10.1111/misr.12120","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/misr.12120/abstract","","2014-06-01","2014-09-08 20:38:05","2014-09-08 20:38:05","2014-09-08 20:38:05","331-332","","2","16","","Int Stud Rev","","","","","","","","en","© 2014 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Randall_2014_(State Behavior in Energy Crises).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "99IE4JWN","journalArticle","2009","Davis, C. L.; Bermeo, S. B.","Who files? Developing country participation in GATT/WTO adjudication","Journal of Politics","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/production/action/cjoGetFulltext?fulltextid=5962300","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2012-11-07","1033–1049","","3","71","","","Who files?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "99XHI2QJ","book","2004","Wilkinson, Steven","Votes and violence: electoral competition and ethnic riots in India","","","","","","","2004","2012-11-07 04:20:38","2014-09-04 20:27:26","","","293","","","","","Votes and violence","","","","","Cambridge University Press","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JQ292 .W55 2004","","","","","Elections; Ethnic conflict; India; Political violence","Elections; Ethnic conflict; India; Political violence","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9AXC8QHR","report","2013","Bomberg, Elizabeth","The Comparative Politics of Fracking: Networks and Framing in the US and Europe","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2301196","The extraction of shale gas through hydraulic fracturing (or `fracking') has become one of the most important but also most controversial methods of increasing energy supply this century. While the benefits and risks of fracking are similar in the US and Europe, the process has developed in sharply different ways. Many structural reasons for this difference have been identified, but this study focuses on the role of political actors and agency. Drawing on policy network and framing literature, the paper constructs a framework that is mindful of structural conditions, but pays particular attention to the complex set of actors, interests and images shaping shale gas extraction. It identifies competing (pro- and anti- fracking) networks in the US and Europe, and explores the frames they use to mobilize the public and policymakers. The study finds that while networks on both sides of the Atlantic include similar members and employ similar frames, their ability to mobilize support and shape the fracking agenda varies, as does the resonance of their frames. Explanations for that variance are found in the character of the network, their framing strategies, and how both are shaped by the structural conditions in which networks operate.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2013-09-03","","","","","","","The Comparative Politics of Fracking","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2301196","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9B29KDBR","journalArticle","2010","Kushin, M. J.; Yamamoto, M.","Did social media really matter? College students' use of online media and political decision making in the 2008 election","Mass Communication and Society","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2014-09-04 18:31:54","","608–630","","5","13","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9B2EQQ37","journalArticle","2014","Ferwerda, Jeremy; Miller, Nicholas L.","Political Devolution and Resistance to Foreign Rule: A Natural Experiment","American Political Science Review","","","10.1017/S0003055414000240","","Do foreign occupiers face less resistance when they increase the level of native governing authority? Although this is a central question within the literature on foreign occupation and insurgency, it is difficult to answer because the relationship between resistance and political devolution is typically endogenous. To address this issue, we identify a natural experiment based on the locally arbitrary assignment of French municipalities into German or Vichy-governed zones during World War II. Using a regression discontinuity design, we conclude that devolving governing authority significantly lowered levels of resistance. We argue that this effect is driven by a process of political cooptation: domestic groups that were granted governing authority were less likely to engage in resistance activity, while violent resistance was heightened in regions dominated by groups excluded from the governing regime. This finding stands in contrast to work that primarily emphasizes structural factors or nationalist motivations for resistance.","2014","2014-09-08 20:24:03","2014-09-08 20:24:03","","642-660","","03","108","","","Political Devolution and Resistance to Foreign Rule","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Ferwerda_Miller_2014_(Political Devolution and Resistance to Foreign Rule).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9B7R98R7","journalArticle","2009","Yegorov, Yuri; Wirl, Franz","Ukrainian Gas Transit Game","ZfE Zeitschrift Energiewirtschaft","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-09-04 18:31:35","","147–155","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9BS9TQQE","journalArticle","2014","Eggers, Andrew C.; Fowler, Anthony; Hainmueller, Jens; Hall, Andrew B.; Snyder, James M.","On the Validity of the Regression Discontinuity Design for Estimating Electoral Effects: New Evidence from over 40,000 Close Races","American Journal of Political Science","","1540-5907","10.1111/ajps.12127","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ajps.12127/abstract","The regression discontinuity (RD) design is a valuable tool for identifying electoral effects, but this design is only effective when relevant actors do not have precise control over election results. Several recent papers contend that such precise control is possible in large elections, pointing out that the incumbent party is more likely to win very close elections in the United States House of Representatives in recent periods. In this article, we examine whether similar patterns occur in other electoral settings, including the U.S. House in other time periods, statewide, state legislative, and mayoral races in the U.S. and national or local elections in nine other countries. No other case exhibits this pattern. We also cast doubt on suggested explanations for incumbent success in close House races. We conclude that the assumptions behind the RD design are likely to be met in a wide variety of electoral settings and offer a set of best practices for RD researchers going forward.","2014-08-01","2014-09-08 20:18:10","2014-11-22 22:21:03","2014-09-08 20:18:10","","","","","","American Journal of Political Science","On the Validity of the Regression Discontinuity Design for Estimating Electoral Effects","","","","","","","en","©2014, Midwest Political Science Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Eggers et al_2014_(On the Validity of the Regression Discontinuity Design for Estimating Electoral).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9BTEU6UF","journalArticle","2007","Rose, Andrew K.","Do we really know that the WTO increases trade? Reply","The American Economic Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/30034598","","2007","2014-02-07 19:43:41","2014-02-07 19:43:41","2014-02-07 19:43:41","2019–2025","","5","97","","","Do we really know that the WTO increases trade?","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9BU826CU","journalArticle","1983","Zif, Jehiel","Explanatory concepts of managerial strategic behavior in State-owned enterprises: a multinational study","Journal of International Business Studies","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/154326","","1983","2014-11-22 21:02:57","2014-11-22 21:06:14","2014-11-22 21:02:57","35–46","","1","14","","","Explanatory concepts of managerial strategic behavior in State-owned enterprises","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9BXQRHPJ","journalArticle","1986","Sutton, John","Non-cooperative bargaining theory: An introduction","The Review of Economic Studies","","","","http://restud.oxfordjournals.org/content/53/5/709.short","","1986","2015-03-07 16:06:03","2015-03-07 16:06:03","2015-03-07 16:06:03","709–724","","5","53","","","Non-cooperative bargaining theory","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1986/Sutton_1986_(Non-cooperative bargaining theory).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9CJVWZDS","thesis","2006","Ozdamar, Ibrahim Ozgur","The Great Game Redux: Energy Security and the Emergence of Tripolarity in Eurasia","","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","","","","","","","","","","","","","University of Missouri","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9CPX38ZW","bookSection","1995","Rodrik, Dani","Political economy of trade policy","Handbook of International Economics","1573-4404","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1573440405800085","","1995","2012-11-07 05:56:28","2014-09-04 20:26:00","2012-11-07 05:56:28","1457-1494","","","Volume 3","","","","","","","","Elsevier","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","","","Trade; WTO","","Grossman, G. M; Rogoff, K","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9CUDSMIJ","journalArticle","2008","Cuervo-Cazurra, Alvaro; Genc, Mehmet","Transforming disadvantages into advantages: developing-country MNEs in the least developed countries","Journal of International Business Studies","","","","http://www.palgrave-journals.com/jibs/journal/v39/n6/abs/8400390a.html","","2008","2014-10-31 00:39:22","2014-11-24 00:41:29","2014-10-31 00:39:22","957–979","","6","39","","","Transforming disadvantages into advantages","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9D9RRH6N","journalArticle","2007","Riedel, Bruce","Al Qaeda Strikes Back","Foreign Affairs","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/20032347","By rushing into Iraq instead of finishing off the hunt for Osama bin Laden, Washington has unwittingly helped its enemies: al Qaeda has more bases, more partners, and more followers today than it did on the eve of 9/11. Now the group is working to set up networks in the Middle East and Africa–and may even try to lure the United States into a war with Iran. Washington must focus on attacking al Qaeda's leaders and ideas and altering the local conditions in which they thrive.","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2012-10-26","24–40","","3","86","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2007 Council on Foreign Relations","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9DRIT87W","journalArticle","2014","Kucik, Jeffrey; Pelc, Krzysztof J.","Can International Courts Deter? Financial Markets Say Yes","IPES Working Paper","","","","https://ncgg.princeton.edu/IPES/2014/papers/F1015_rm1.pdf","","2014","2015-12-14 23:15:12","2015-12-14 23:15:29","2015-12-14 23:15:12","","","","","","","Can International Courts Deter?","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Kucik_Pelc_2014_(Can International Courts Deter).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9DX33PCQ","book","1997","Gilligan, Michael J.","Empowering exporters: reciprocity, delegation, and collective action in American trade policy","","0472108239","","","","","1997","2012-11-08 05:12:18","2014-09-04 20:23:14","","","186","","","","","Empowering exporters","Michigan studies in international political economy","","","","University of Michigan Press","Ann Arbor","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HF1455 .G488 1997","","","","","Commercial policy; Delegation of authority; Free trade; Pressure groups; Reciprocity (Commerce); Trade; United States; WTO","Commercial policy; Delegation of authority; Free trade; Pressure groups; Reciprocity (Commerce); United States","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9E6SD4RF","journalArticle","2011","Dawes, Christopher T.; Loewen, Peter John; Fowler, James H.","Social Preferences and Political Participation","The Journal of Politics","","","","","Models of political participation have begun to incorporate actors who possess “social preferences.” However, these models have failed to take into account the potentially incongruent political goals of different social preference types. These goals are likely to play an important role in shaping political behavior. To examine the effect of distinct social preferences on political activity we conducted an experiment in which participants played five rounds of a modified dictator game (Andreoni and Miller 2002). We used the decisions in these games to determine their preference type and mapped these types to reported political activity. Our results show that subjects who were most interested in increasing total welfare in the dictator game were more likely to participate in politics than subjects with selfish preferences, whereas subjects most interested in reducing the difference between their own well-being and the well-being of others were no more likely to participate than subjects with selfish preferences.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","","845–856","","03","73","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9E8KJ7K3","journalArticle","2008","Holzinger, Katharina; Knill, Christoph; Sommerer, Thomas","Environmental Policy Convergence: The Impact of International Harmonization, Transnational Communication, and Regulatory Competition","International Organization","","1531-5088","10.1017/S002081830808020X","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S002081830808020X","In recent years, there is growing interest in the study of cross-national policy convergence. Yet we still have a limited understanding of the phenomenon: Do we observe convergence of policies at all? Under which conditions can we expect that domestic policies converge or rather develop further apart? In this article, we address this research deficit. From a theoretical perspective, we concentrate on the explanatory power of three factors, namely international harmonization, transnational communication, and regulatory competition. In empirical terms, we analyze if and to what extent we can observe convergence of environmental policies across twenty-four industrialized countries between 1970 and 2000. We find an impressive degree of environmental policy convergence between the countries under investigation. This development is mainly caused by international harmonization and, to a considerable degree, also by transnational communication, whereas regulatory competition does not seem to play a role.","2008-10","2015-04-12 18:34:23","2015-04-12 18:34:23","2015-04-12 18:34:23","553–587","","04","62","","","Environmental Policy Convergence","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Holzinger et al_2008_(Environmental Policy Convergence).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9EARCHZB","journalArticle","2014","Aastveit, Knut Are","Oil price shocks in a data-rich environment","Energy Economics","","0140-9883","10.1016/j.eneco.2014.07.006","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988314001637","This paper examines the impact of different types of oil price shocks on the U.S. economy, using a factor-augmented VAR (FAVAR) approach. The results indicate that when examining the effects of oil price shocks, it is important to account for the interaction between the oil market and the macroeconomy. I find that oil demand shocks are more important than oil supply shocks in driving several macroeconomic variables, and that the origin of demand shocks matters. Specifically, the U.S. economy and monetary policy respond differently to global demand shocks that have the effect of raising the price of oil and to oil-specific demand shocks.","2014-09","2014-09-08 20:24:30","2014-09-08 20:24:30","2014-09-08 20:24:30","268-279","","","45","","Energy Economics","","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Aastveit_2014_(Oil price shocks in a data-rich environment).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9F3K44IK","journalArticle","1999","Checkel, J. T.","Norms, institutions, and national identity in contemporary Europe","International Studies Quarterly","","","","","","1999","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","","84–114","","1","43","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9F6XMTAJ","journalArticle","2013","McDermott, Rose","The Ten Commandments of Experiments","PS: Political Science & Politics","","1537-5935","10.1017/S1049096513000577","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1049096513000577","Because political science draws heavily from other disciplines—psychology and economics—in its use of experimental methods, we often fail to note how each experimental tradition developed in ways, while serving those field's primary goals, that often present contradictory imperatives that may not serve political science equally well. I provide a brief history of experimental traditions in psychology and economics, and then suggest, in all humility, an integrated set of best practices for the use of experiments in political science.","2013-07","2015-02-23 19:04:40","2015-02-23 19:04:40","2015-02-23 19:04:40","605–610","","03","46","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/McDermott_2013_(The Ten Commandments of Experiments).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9FGZ2DJZ","book","2011","Tekin, Ali; Williams, Paul Andrew","Geo-politics of the Euro-Asia energy nexus: the European Union, Russia and Turkey","","9780230252615","","","","","2011","2012-09-20 03:46:52","2014-09-04 20:27:01","","","230","","","","","Geo-politics of the Euro-Asia energy nexus","New security challenges series","","","","Palgrave Macmillan","Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire ; New York, NY","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HF1532.5 .T45 2011","","","","","Energy Policy; European Union countries; Foreign economic relations; Russia; Turkey","European Union countries; Foreign economic relations; Russia; Turkey","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9FSKHESW","journalArticle","2010","Brandt, P. T.; Sandler, T.","What do transnational terrorists target? Has it changed? Are we safer?","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/54/2/214.short","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2012-09-18","214–236","","2","54","","","What do transnational terrorists target?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9FWA9GZE","journalArticle","1997","Levitt, Steven D.; Wolfram, Catherine D.","Decomposing the sources of incumbency advantage in the US House","Legislative Studies Quarterly","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/440290","","1997","2015-05-06 16:14:43","2015-05-06 16:14:43","2015-05-06 16:14:43","45–60","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1997/Levitt_Wolfram_1997_(Decomposing the sources of incumbency advantage in the US House).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9FWZZN9A","webpage","2014","Hertog, Steffen","Arab Gulf states: an assessment of nationalisation policies","","","","","http://gulfmigration.eu/","Gaps in labour rights and labour prices between nationals and migrant workers are the main causes explaining the low participation of GCC citizens in the region’s private labour markets. Past policies of “Gulfization” have not directly addressed these structural constraints but have rather attempted to impose higher nationalization quotas by fiat, with limited success. More recently, some of the Gulf governments have started to use taxes and subsidies to try to narrow the labour price gap; at the same time, some have improved the labour mobility rights of foreigners. This paper provides a preliminary assessment of these “second generation” policies. It concludes with general observations on how the rights and price gaps could be closed more systematically and on the broader distributional reforms this might entail.","2014-06-25","2014-11-13 16:12:04","2014-11-13 16:12:04","2014-11-13 16:12:04","","","","","","","Arab Gulf states","","","","","","","en","","Monograph","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Hertog_2014_(Arab Gulf states).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9FZHQNAV","journalArticle","2006","Henisz, Witold J.; Zelner, Bennet A.","Interest Groups, Veto Points, and Electricity Infrastructure Deployment","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3877874","In this article we examine the effects of interest group pressure and the structure of political institutions on infrastructure deployment by state-owned electric utilities in a panel of seventy-eight countries during the period 1970-94. We consider two factors that jointly influence the rate of infrastructure deployment: (1) the extent to which the consumer base consists of industrial consumers, which are capable of exerting discipline on political actors whose competing incentives are to construct economically inefficient ""white elephants"" to satisfy the demands of concentrated geographic interests, labor unions, and national engineering and construction lobbies; and (2) veto points in formal policymaking structures that constrain political actors, thereby reducing these actors' sensitivity to interest group demands. A higher fraction of industrial customers provides political actors with stronger incentives for discipline, reducing the deployment of white elephants and thus the infrastructure growth rate, ceteris paribus. Veto points reduce political actors' sensitivity to interest group demands in general and thus moderate the relationship between industrial interest group pressure and the rate of infrastructure deployment.","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","","263–286","","1","60","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2006 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9H7BNTGF","journalArticle","1998","Iversen, Torben; Wren, Anne","Equality, Employment, and Budgetary Restraint: The Trilemma of the Service Economy","World Politics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/25054055","This article presents an analysis of the postindustrial economy from a political economy perspective. It identifies a set of specific distributional trade-offs associated with the new role played by the services sector as the chief source of employment growth in advanced democracies over the last three decades. It is argued that three core policy objectives-budgetary restraint, wage equality, and expansion of employment-constitute a political ""trilemma"" that allows only two of the goals to be successfully pursued at the same time. Using a combination of statistical and case-oriented analysis, the authors demonstrate the political and economic salience of the trilemma, the distributional tensions inherent in each strategy to cope with it, and the political-institutional constraints under which these strategies are chosen.","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","","507–546","","4","50","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9HM72THM","journalArticle","2012","Gelman, Andrew; Hill, Jennifer; Yajima, Masanao","Why we (usually) don't have to worry about multiple comparisons","Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/19345747.2011.618213","","2012","2014-10-21 21:15:18","2014-11-22 22:14:12","2014-10-21 21:15:18","189–211","","2","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Gelman et al_2012_(Why we (usually) don't have to worry about multiple comparisons)2.pdf; /Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Gelman et al_2012_(Why We (Usually) Don't Have to Worry About Multiple Comparisons).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9HQ57NBC","journalArticle","2013","Humphreys, Adam R. C.","Applying Jackson's Methodological Ideal-Types: Problems of Differentiation and Classification","Millennium - Journal of International Studies","","","","http://mil.sagepub.com/content/41/2/290","In The Conduct of Inquiry in International Relations, Patrick Jackson situates methodologies in International Relations in relation to their underlying philosophical assumptions. One of his aims is to map International Relations debates in a way that `capture[s] current controversies' (p. 40). This ambition is overstated: whilst Jackson's typology is useful as a clarificatory tool, (re)classifying existing scholarship in International Relations is more problematic. One problem with Jackson's approach is that he tends to run together the philosophical assumptions which decisively differentiate his methodologies (by stipulating a distinctive warrant for knowledge claims) and the explanatory strategies that are employed to generate such knowledge claims, suggesting that the latter are entailed by the former. In fact, the explanatory strategies which Jackson associates with each methodology reflect conventional practice in International Relations just as much as they reflect philosophical assumptions. This makes it more difficult to identify each methodology at work than Jackson implies. I illustrate this point through a critical analysis of Jackson's controversial reclassification of Waltz as an analyticist, showing that whilst Jackson's typology helps to expose inconsistencies in Waltz's approach, it does not fully support the proposed reclassification. The conventional aspect of methodologies in International Relations also raises questions about the limits of Jackson's `engaged pluralism'.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2013-03-04","290–308","","2","41","","","Applying Jackson's Methodological Ideal-Types","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","explanation; international relations theory; Methodology","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9HVJSHTM","journalArticle","2008","Theodoridis, Sergios; Koutroumbas, Konstantinos","Pattern recognition","IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS","","","","http://citran.1eko.com/s/pattern-recognition-second-edition-by-sergios-theodoridis-and-konstantinos-koutroumbas.pdf","","2008","2014-09-29 02:23:27","2014-09-29 02:23:27","2014-09-29 02:23:27","376","","2","19","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Theodoridis_Koutroumbas/Theodoridis_Koutroumbas_2008_Pattern recognition.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9IRTXB5N","book","2012","Acemoglu, Daron; Robinson, James","Why nations fail: the origins of power, prosperity, and poverty","","","","","http://books.google.ca/books?hl=en&lr=&id=yIV_NMDDIvYC&oi=fnd&pg=PA7&dq=acemoglu+robinson+why+nations+fail&ots=__Tx1swiMw&sig=-7MACUdPUt6mnw9UrLney3b-pys","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2013-05-13","","","","","","","Why nations fail","","","","","Crown Business","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9J9F9NTV","journalArticle","2014","Allee, Todd; Peinhardt, Clint","Evaluating Three Explanations for the Design of Bilateral Investment Treaties","World Politics","","0043-8871, 1086-3338","10.1017/S0043887113000324","http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0043887113000324","","2014-01","2014-09-04 20:32:03","2014-09-04 20:32:03","2014-09-04 20:32:03","47-87","","01","66","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Allee_Peinhardt_2014_(Evaluating Three Explanations for the Design of Bilateral Investment Treaties).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9JCDCAQ5","journalArticle","1997","Buzan, B.; W\a ever, O.","Slippery? contradictory? sociologically untenable? The Copenhagen school replies","Review of international studies","","","","","","1997","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","","241–250","","2","23","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9JG8FEJ2","journalArticle","2012","Basher, Syed; Elsamadisy, Elsayed Mousa","Country heterogeneity and long-run determinants of inflation in the Gulf Arab states","OPEC Energy Review","","","","http://econpapers.repec.org/article/blaopecrv/v_3a36_3ay_3a2012_3ai_3a2_3ap_3a170-203.htm","","2012","2015-09-14 21:07:58","2015-09-14 21:07:58","2015-09-14 21:07:58","170-203","","2","36","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","RePEc - Econpapers","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/EVJCQRJ8/v_3a36_3ay_3a2012_3ai_3a2_3ap_3a170-203.html","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9JI97SVV","book","2005","Clarke, Adele","Situational analysis : grounded theory after the postmodern turn","","0761930558","","","http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip052/2004022902.html","","2005","2012-05-08 20:17:30","2014-09-04 20:22:20","2012-05-08 20:17:30","","","","","","","Situational analysis","","","","","Sage Publications","Thousand Oaks, Calif.","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Grounded theory.; Social sciences – Research\textbarxMethodology.","Grounded theory.; Social sciences -- Research|xMethodology.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9JWDXDCH","journalArticle","2008","Kim, M.","Costly procedures: Divergent effects of legalization in the GATT/WTO dispute settlement procedures","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2008.00519.x/full","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2012-11-07","657–686","","3","52","","","Costly procedures","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9K28XTKN","journalArticle","2013","El-Katiri, Laura","Energy sustainability in the Gulf States: the why and the how","Oxford Institute for Energy Studies Paper","","","","http://twitmails3.s3-website-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/users/325535741/153/attachment/MEP_4.pdf","For many decades, the Gulf states' significant oil reserves have rendered the region among the most important energy suppliers in the world, and there is similar potential for the region's natural gas reserves. However, the Gulf states' rapidly rising regional consumption has begun to play a critical role in the region's future export prospects, including the size and longevity of domestic oil and gas production, both for domestic and export market supply. This paper aims to discuss the current and future challenges evolving from the Gulf region's growing domestic energy use, coupled to its continued, almost exclusive, reliance on oil and natural gas, on the region’s future export potential, as well as the security of its domestic energy supplies. It suggests that only a more proactive Gulf policy response to rising domestic energy consumption can help safeguard the stability of the Gulf's role as a global energy supplier as well as its domestic long-term energy security; such a policy response would include the diversification of the region's energy base and the effective management of domestic demand.","2013","2015-05-22 09:39:56","2015-07-03 06:13:47","2015-05-22 09:39:56","","","MEP 4","","","","Energy sustainability in the Gulf States","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/El-Katiri_2013_(Energy sustainability in the Gulf States).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9K6J6MWK","bookSection","2002","Frieden, Jeffry A.; Martin, Lisa L.","International Political Economy: The state of the sub-discipline","Political Science: The State of the Discipline","","","","","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2015-01-14 20:34:26","2012-11-23","118–146","","","","","","","","","","","W. W. Norton & Co","New York","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Katznelson, Ira; Milner, Helen","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9K7E88T7","book","2007","Gigerenzer, Gerd","Gut Feelings: The Intelligence of the Unconscious","","9780670038633","","","","An engaging explanation of the science behind Malcolm Gladwell’s bestselling BlinkGerd Gigerenzer is one of the researchers of behavioral intuition responsible for the science behind Malcolm Gladwell’s bestseller Blink. Gladwell showed us how snap decisions often yield better results than careful analysis. Now, Gigerenzer explains why our intuition is such a powerful decision-making tool. Drawing on a decade of research at the Max Plank Institute, Gigerenzer demonstrates that our gut feelings are actually the result of unconscious mental processes—processes that apply rules of thumb that we’ve derived from our environment and prior experiences. The value of these unconscious rules lies precisely in their difference from rational analysis—they take into account only the most useful bits of information rather than attempting to evaluate all possible factors. By examining various decisions we make—how we choose a spouse, a stock, a medical procedure, or the answer to a million-dollar game show question—Gigerenzer shows how gut feelings not only lead to good practical decisions, but also underlie the moral choices that make our society function. In the tradition of Blinkand Freakonomics, Gut Feelingsis an exploration of the myriad influences and factors (nature andnurture) that affect how the mind works, grounded in cutting-edge research and conveyed through compelling real-life examples.","2007","2015-04-18 00:19:27","2015-04-18 00:19:27","","","300","","","","","Gut Feelings","","","","","Penguin","","en","","","","","Google Books","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9K9852UH","journalArticle","2014","Cason, Timothy N.; Plott, Charles R.","Misconceptions and Game Form Recognition: Challenges to Theories of Revealed Preference and Framing","Journal of Political Economy","","00223808, 1537534X","10.1086/677254","http://www.jstor.org/action/showArticleInfo?doi=10.1086%2F677254","","2014-12","2015-01-15 20:30:20","2015-01-15 20:30:20","2015-01-15 20:30:20","1235-1270","","6","122","","","Misconceptions and Game Form Recognition","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Cason_Plott_2014_(Misconceptions and Game Form Recognition).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9KIA2N47","journalArticle","1990","Smith, Abbie J.","Corporate ownership structure and performance: The case of management buyouts","Journal of Financial Economics","","0304-405X","10.1016/0304-405X(90)90024-T","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0304405X9090024T","I investigate changes in operating performance after 58 management buyouts of public companies completed during 1977–1986. Operating returns increase significantly from the year before to the year after buyouts as measured by operating cash flows (before interest and taxes) per employee and per dollar of operating assets. Subsequent changes in operating returns suggest that this increase is sustained. Adjustments in the management of working capital contribute to the increase in operating returns. The increase is not, however, the result of layoffs or reductions in expenditures for advertising, maintenance and repairs, research and development, or property, plant, and equipment.","1990-09","2014-09-19 16:13:02","2014-09-19 16:13:02","2014-09-19 16:13:02","143-164","","1","27","","Journal of Financial Economics","Corporate ownership structure and performance","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9KVIP4A2","journalArticle","2011","Davis Jr., Clodoveu A.; Pappa, Gisele L.; de Oliveira, Diogo Rennó Rocha; de L. Arcanjo, Filipe","Inferring the Location of Twitter Messages Based on User Relationships","Transactions in GIS","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","","735–751","","6","15","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9KVJIJ9M","book","1976","Harsanyi, John C.","Cardinal welfare, individualistic ethics, and interpersonal comparisons of utility","","","","","http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-010-9327-9_2","","1976","2015-03-16 16:54:13","2015-03-16 16:54:13","2015-03-16 16:54:13","","","","","","","","","","","","Springer","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1976/Harsanyi_1976_(Cardinal welfare, individualistic ethics, and interpersonal comparisons of).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9M9G8NR3","book","2006","","Oil in the 21st century: issues, challenges and opportunities","","9780199207381","","","","","2006","2013-10-10 12:33:30","2013-10-11 10:22:43","","","351","","","","","Oil in the 21st century","","","","","Oxford University Press","Oxford ; New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD9560.5 .O3657 2006","","","","","Energy","Environmental aspects Forecasting; Forecasting; petroleum; Petroleum industry and trade; Petroleum reserves","Mabro, Robert","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9MC52UHP","journalArticle","2009","Monroe, K. R.","The ethical perspective: an identity theory of the psychological influences on moral choice","Political Psychology","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2014-09-04 18:31:49","","419–444","","3","30","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9MHDQKTX","journalArticle","2007","Flores-Lagunes, Alfonso","Finite sample evidence of IV estimators under weak instruments","Journal of Applied Econometrics","","1099-1255","10.1002/jae.916","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jae.916/abstract","We present finite sample evidence on different IV estimators available for linear models under weak instruments; explore the application of the bootstrap as a bias reduction technique to attenuate their finite sample bias; and employ three empirical applications to illustrate and provide insights into the relative performance of the estimators in practice. Our evidence indicates that the random-effects quasi-maximum likelihood estimator outperforms alternative estimators in terms of median point estimates and coverage rates, followed by the bootstrap bias-corrected version of LIML and LIML. However, our results also confirm the difficulty of obtaining reliable point estimates in models with weak identification and moderate-size samples. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","2007","2015-02-02 23:01:52","2015-02-02 23:01:52","2015-02-02 23:01:52","677-694","","3","22","","J. Appl. Econ.","","","","","","","","en","Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Flores-Lagunes_2007_(Finite sample evidence of IV estimators under weak instruments).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9MHHBSD4","journalArticle","2010","Gavin, Francis J.","Same As It Ever Was: Nuclear Alarmism, Proliferation, and the Cold War","International Security","","","","http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/isec.2010.34.3.7","A widely held and largely unchallenged view among many scholars and policymakers is that nuclear proliferation is the gravest threat facing the United States today, that it is more dangerous than ever, and that few meaningful lessons can be drawn from the nuclear history of a supposed simpler and more predictable period, the Cold War. This view, labeled “nuclear alarmism,” is based on four myths about the history of the nuclear age. First, today's nuclear threats are new and more dangerous than those of the past. Second, unlike today, nuclear weapons stabilized international politics during the Cold War, when in fact the record was mixed. The third myth conflates the history of the nuclear arms race with the geopolitical and ideological competition between the Soviet Union and the United States, creating an oversimplified and misguided portrayal of the Cold War. The final myth is that the Cold War bipolar military rivalry was the only force driving nuclear proliferation. A better understanding of this history, and, in particular, of how and why the international community escaped calamity during a far more dangerous time against ruthless and powerful adversaries, can produce more effective U.S. policies than those proposed by the nuclear alarmists.","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2013-01-09","7–37","","3","34","","","Same As It Ever Was","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9MIEAIMJ","journalArticle","2009","Nexon, Daniel H.","The Balance of Power in the Balance","World Politics","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","","330–359","","2","61","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9MS23IZ7","book","1978","Krasner, Stephen D.","Defending the national interest: raw materials investments and U.S. foreign policy","","0691076006","","","","","1978","2013-10-10 12:24:40","2013-10-10 12:26:07","","","404","","","","","Defending the national interest","","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton, N.J","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HF1455 .K77","","","","","Energy","Foreign economic relations; Foreign relations; Investments, American; Raw materials; United States","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9MZVFXIC","journalArticle","2012","Hendrix, Cullen S.; Salehyan, Idean","Climate change, rainfall, and social conflict in Africa","Journal of Peace Research","","","","http://jpr.sagepub.com/content/49/1/35","Much of the debate over the security implications of climate change revolves around whether changing weather patterns will lead to future conflict. This article addresses whether deviations from normal rainfall patterns affect the propensity for individuals and groups to engage in disruptive activities such as demonstrations, riots, strikes, communal conflict, and anti-government violence. In contrast to much of the environmental security literature, it uses a much broader definition of conflict that includes, but is not limited to, organized rebellion. Using a new database of over 6,000 instances of social conflict over 20 years – the Social Conflict in Africa Database (SCAD) – it examines the effect of deviations from normal rainfall patterns on various types of conflict. The results indicate that rainfall variability has a significant effect on both large-scale and smaller-scale instances of political conflict. Rainfall correlates with civil war and insurgency, although wetter years are more likely to suffer from violent events. Extreme deviations in rainfall – particularly dry and wet years – are associated positively with all types of political conflict, though the relationship is strongest with respect to violent events, which are more responsive to abundant than scarce rainfall. By looking at a broader spectrum of social conflict, rather than limiting the analysis to civil war, we demonstrate a robust relationship between environmental shocks and unrest.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2013-04-23","35–50","","1","49","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","Africa; conflict; Environment; protest; rainfall; rioting","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9N5G3XVA","report","2011","Johnson, Tana","Unexpected Roles of Non-State Actors: International Bureaucrats in Institutional Design","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1900171","International intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) now cover nearly every corner of the world and nearly every imaginable topic. Yet we lack answers to fundamental questions. Who created the IGOs that exist today? What issues do they address? Where are they located, and where does their focus lie? When were they launched? How do they function in terms of management of resources, institutional oversight, or decision-making practices? With a random sample of today’s IGOs, this paper answers these questions and uncovers novel insights. For instance, IGOs launched by states alone are relatively rare – instead, international bureaucrats employed in pre-existing IGOs regularly play various roles in creating new intergovernmental organizations. Thus, even in the crucial area of institutional design, non-state actors are carrying out activities once monopolized by states. This paper also identifies avenues for future research, and it offers a base that can be expanded for further data collection efforts.","2011","2014-10-27 16:39:02","2014-10-27 16:39:02","2014-10-27 16:39:02","","","","","","","Unexpected Roles of Non-State Actors","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 1900171","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9NG5PI7G","journalArticle","2012","Al-Ubaydli, Omar","Natural resources and the tradeoff between authoritarianism and development","Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016726811100237X","","2012","2015-07-16 09:20:03","2015-07-16 09:20:03","2015-07-16 09:20:03","137–152","","1","81","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Al-Ubaydli_2012_(Natural resources and the tradeoff between authoritarianism and development).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9NMRAJ9X","journalArticle","2007","Dienes, Lesile","Natural Gas in the Context of Russia's Energy System","Demokratizatsiya","","","10.3200/DEMO.15.4.408-428","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-12-31 16:16:35","","408-428","","4","15","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","D","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9NQKN56S","book","2006","Marcel, Valérie; Mitchell, John V.","Oil titans: national oil companies in the Middle East","","0815754744","","","","","2006","2013-10-10 12:28:43","2013-10-11 10:22:57","","","322","","","","","Oil titans","","","","","Brookings Institution Press","London","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD9578.M628 M37 2006","","","","","Energy","Algeria; Government business enterprises; Government ownership; Middle East; MiddleEast; Petroleum industry and trade","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9P8H3VK9","journalArticle","2012","Erskine, Toni","Whose progress, which morals? Constructivism, normative IR theory and the limits and possibilities of studying ethics in world politics","International Theory","","","","","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","","449–468","","03","4","","","Whose progress, which morals?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9PEHAQ3A","journalArticle","2007","Kurizaki, S.","Efficient Secrecy: Public versus Private Threats in Crisis Diplomacy","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","","543–558","","03","101","","","Efficient Secrecy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9PESFTNN","journalArticle","2015","Bakir, Caner","Bargaining with Multinationals: Why State Capacity Matters","New Political Economy","","1356-3467","10.1080/13563467.2013.872610","http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13563467.2013.872610","Dominant models of bargaining between states and multinational corporations (MNCs) have widely held that bargaining relations, especially in high-technology manufacturing, have changed from confrontational to cooperative. It is consequently argued that there is little formal entry bargaining among these actors. However, there are three primary weaknesses in this literature. First, the understanding of outcomes is limited to the terms of investment agreements. This static view ignores the dynamics of bargaining processes and decisions not to invest, which also deserve explanation. Second, it is MNC-centric, ignoring state's privileged role in relation to the governance of entry bargaining in domestic policy-making processes. Third, it views state as a monolithic entity, ignoring the bargaining that occurs inside states. To redress these issues, this article offers a state-centric bargaining model. It identifies administrative and institutional capacity as two critical components of state capacity. It chooses the entry bargaining from 2005, when Hyundai Motors Corporation considered establishing a USD1.5 billion car-manufacturing plant in Turkey. It shows that state capacity in the governance of a domestic policy-making process affects the outcome of entry bargaining: When state capacity is weak, an MNC's decision not to invest is a more likely outcome.","2015-01-02","2015-06-30 15:59:17","2015-06-30 15:59:17","2015-06-30 15:59:17","63-84","","1","20","","","Bargaining with Multinationals","","","","","","","","","","","","Taylor and Francis+NEJM","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Bakir_2015_(Bargaining with Multinationals).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9PSMCBNQ","journalArticle","2005","Elman, Colin","Explanatory Typologies in Qualitative Studies of International Politics","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3877906","Explanatory typologies are powerful tools in the qualitative study of international politics. They are likely to be most valuable when scholars systematically apply shared techniques. This article provides an account of analytic steps used in working with typologies, and an accessible vocabulary to describe them. These analytic steps are illustrated with concrete examples drawn from prominent versions of offensive structural, defensive structural, and neoclassical realism. Five forms of cell compression-rescaling and indexing, as well as logical, empirical, and pragmatic compression-are considered, along with the drawbacks associated with each. The expansion of a partial typology and the rediscovery of deleted cells are also discussed. Finally, the article considers the potential drawbacks of a typological approach, and argues that scholars must be mindful of the risks of reification and of relabeling anomalies.","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","","293–326","","2","59","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2005 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9R35SXQA","book","2008","","Qualitative methods in international relations : a pluralist guide","","","","","","","2008","2012-05-09 15:00:12","2014-09-04 20:24:35","","","","","","","","Qualitative methods in international relations","","","","","Palgrave Macmillan","New York","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","International relations – Research\textbarxMethodology.; International relations – Study and teaching.","International relations -- Research|xMethodology.; International relations -- Study and teaching.","Klotz, Audie.; Prakash, Deepa.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9R4HDP46","journalArticle","2012","Gawande, By Kishore; Krishna, Pravin; Olarreaga, Marcelo","Lobbying Competition Over Trade Policy*","International Economic Review","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2354.2011.00673.x/full","","2012","2013-10-10 12:57:43","2013-10-10 12:57:43","2013-10-10 12:57:43","115–132","","1","53","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Trade","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9R7E9NI7","report","2013","Golemboski, David","Pierre-Joseph Proudhon on the Social Dimensions of Labor","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2300902","Pierre-Joseph Proudhon is famous for his dictum stating that “Property is theft!”, but has nevertheless received relatively little scholarly attention. One prominent exception to this general neglect is Jeremy Waldron's 1988 book The Right to Private Property, which gave extensive treatment to Proudhon's objection to a general-rights based argument for private property. What Waldron declined to cover in that investigation was Proudhon's rebuttal to arguments that defend property on the basis of special-rights. This is the point of departure for my paper, in which I consider an argument that Proudhon offers in response to the labor theory of property. Proudhon's strategy is to admit the premises of the labor theory of property (i.e. that labor can generate property rights) and then to show that they necessarily entail total equality of property. My paper reconstructs Proudhon's argument, focusing specifically on his claim that “all production is necessarily collective” and the conclusion that all property rights are therefore necessarily collective. I distinguish between two senses in which production is collective: first, the value added by cooperation; second, the value added by a social context that facilitates production. Then, I suggest some critiques of Proudhon's argument, highlighting conclusions that do not in fact follow logically from the premises of the labor theory of property. I contend that Proudhon's argument cannot ground the strong egalitarian conclusion he aims for, and that rather than a system of collective ownership, his argument instead supports something closer to a robust system of taxation. In spite of these weaknesses, however, the paper aims to highlight the important insights that Proudhon offers on the social dimensions of labor. These represent an important contribution to theories of property rights, and continue to echo in contemporary political theory.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2013-09-03","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2300902","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9RA382BF","journalArticle","2012","Duggan, John","Noisy stochastic games","Econometrica","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.3982/ECTA10125/abstract","","2012","2013-09-17 10:22:51","2013-09-17 10:22:51","2013-09-17 10:22:51","2017–2045","","5","80","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Bargaining; Game Theory","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9RACMKN9","journalArticle","1982","Kreps, D. M; Wilson, R.","Reputation and imperfect information","Journal of Economic Theory","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0022053182900308","","1982","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2015-03-17 15:40:26","","253–279","","2","27","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9RFFAA5T","journalArticle","2012","Frye, Timothy","In From the Cold: Institutions and Causal Inference in Postcommunist Studies","Annual Review of Political Science","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-polisci-043010-095817","Wrestling with basic problems of causal inference between institutions and outcomes has been a central focus of political science over the last decade, and as elsewhere in the discipline, scholars of postcommunism have begun to make some headway on these problems. Their efforts have not only advanced important debates about postcommunism, but also in many cases addressed long-standing concerns in political science. This is in itself a sign that after years on the periphery of political science prior to 1989, the study of politics and economics in postcommunist Eurasia has come in from the cold.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2012-09-06","245–263","","1","15","","","In From the Cold","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Democracy; economic reform; political economy; postcommunism","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9RTQSS8J","journalArticle","2010","Horowitz, Michael C.","Nonstate Actors and the Diffusion of Innovations: The Case of Suicide Terrorism","International Organization","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","","33–64","","01","64","","","Nonstate Actors and the Diffusion of Innovations","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9S9FR9QX","journalArticle","2014","Coffman, Katherine Baldiga","Evidence on Self-Stereotyping and the Contribution of Ideas","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","0033-5533, 1531-4650","10.1093/qje/qju023","http://qje.oxfordjournals.org/content/129/4/1625","We use a lab experiment to explore the factors that predict an individual’s decision to contribute her idea to a group. We find that contribution decisions depend on the interaction of gender and the gender stereotype associated with the decision-making domain: conditional on measured ability, individuals are less willing to contribute ideas in areas that are stereotypically outside of their gender’s domain. Importantly, these decisions are largely driven by self-assessments, rather than fear of discrimination. Individuals are less confident in gender-incongruent areas and are thus less willing to contribute their ideas. Because even very knowledgeable group members undercontribute in gender-incongruent categories, group performance suffers and, ex post, groups have difficulty recognizing who their most talented members are. Our results show that even in an environment where other group members show no bias, women in male-typed areas and men in female-typed areas may be less influential. An intervention that provides feedback about a woman’s (man’s) strength in a male-typed (female-typed) area does not significantly increase the probability that she contributes her ideas to the group. A back-of-the-envelope calculation reveals that a “lean in”–style policy that increases contribution by women would significantly improve group performance in male-typed domains. JEL Codes: J16, C92.","2014-11-01","2015-01-15 20:37:37","2015-01-15 20:37:37","2015-01-15 20:37:37","1625-1660","","4","129","","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","","","","","","","en","","","","","qje.oxfordjournals.org","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Coffman_2014_(Evidence on Self-Stereotyping and the Contribution of Ideas).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9T9XS3B9","journalArticle","2014","Kerner, Andrew","What We Talk About When We Talk About Foreign Direct Investment","International Studies Quarterly","","1468-2478","10.1111/isqu.12147","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/isqu.12147/abstract","This paper argues that the foreign direct investment (FDI) data commonly used to test political science theories about FDI often diverge from the theorized about phenomena in ways that can introduce bias and complicate hypothesis testing. I describe some of the key conceptual issues surrounding the quantification of FDI, how commonly used data deals with these issues, and the extent to which those coding rules allow or prevent these data from speaking to political science theories. I show that the empirical relationship between democracy, political risk, and multinational corporations behavior is significantly impacted by “getting the measure right.” I conclude by arguing that political science theories about FDI speak to such a wide variety of empirically and conceptually distinct phenomena that conflating them as “FDI” does a disservice to the complexity of the topic.","2014-07-01","2014-09-08 20:30:46","2014-11-22 22:21:15","2014-09-08 20:30:46","","","","","","Int Stud Q","","","","","","","","en","© 2014 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Kerner_2014_(What We Talk About When We Talk About Foreign Direct Investment).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9TFT3DKW","book","2010","Owen, John M","The Clash of Ideas in World Politics: Transnational Networks, States, and Regime Change, 1510-2010","","9780691142388","","","","","2010","2012-05-05 12:37:51","2014-09-04 20:25:38","","","332","","","","","The Clash of Ideas in World Politics","Princeton studies in international history and politics","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton, N.J","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JC489 .O94 2010","","","","","History; Ideology; Islamic countries; Legitimacy of governments; Political stability; Politics and government; Regime change; Transnationalism; World politics","Ideology; Islamic countries; Legitimacy of governments; Political stability; Politics and government; Regime change; Transnationalism; World politics","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9TJBUB4K","manuscript","2014","Penn, Elizabeth Maggie","Inequality and Social Comparisons","","","","","https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/content_link/FP1tlJOj6jjk6q26rQKqHMnMh5vf01GFcycJrw1WRR4tUO4HaoeJp7pDqqz2JbVT","","2014","2014-10-15 22:57:02","2014-10-15 22:57:26","2014-10-15 22:56:35","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Penn_2014_(Inequality and Social Comparisons).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9TU4XHN8","report","2012","Poulsen, Skovgaard; N, Lauge","Investment Treaties and the Globalisation of State Capitalism: Opportunities and Constraints for Host States","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2050919","The growing stock of foreign investments by sovereign wealth funds and state-owned enterprises poses regulatory challenges to the international investment regime. With arbitrators seemingly keen on expanding the jurisdictional scope of investment treaty arbitration to cover a wide range of sovereign investments, host governments might have to revisit key investment treaty provisions to ensure a prudent and coherent governance of the globalization of state capitalism.","2012-05-04","2015-02-27 23:15:53","2015-02-27 23:15:53","2015-02-27 23:15:53","","","","","","","Investment Treaties and the Globalisation of State Capitalism","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Poulsen_N_2012_(Investment Treaties and the Globalisation of State Capitalism).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2050919","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9UD4ZN4F","journalArticle","1990","Lucas, Robert E.","Why doesn't capital flow from rich to poor countries?","The American Economic Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2006549","","1990","2014-11-05 13:03:38","2014-11-05 13:03:38","2014-11-05 13:03:38","92–96","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1990/Lucas_1990_(Why doesn't capital flow from rich to poor countries).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9UDI9BMQ","webpage","2014","","Graft probe claims PetroChina’s Canadian executives","NewsBase","","","","http://newsbase.com/commentary/graft-probe-claims-petrochina%E2%80%99s-canadian-executives","","2014-07-28","2014-12-12 17:28:04","2014-12-14 16:18:10","2014-12-12 17:28:04","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9UI3WS6E","journalArticle","2000","Schofield, Norman","Constitutional Political Economy: On the Possibility of Combining Rational Choice Theory and Comparative Politics","Annual Review of Political Science","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.polisci.3.1.277","Rational choice theory has typically used either noncooperative game theory or cooperative, social choice theory to model elections, coalition bargaining, the prisoner's dilemma, and so on. This essay concentrates on the ideas of William Riker and Douglass North, both of whom, in very different ways, studied events of the past in an attempt to understand constitutional or institutional transformations. The key notion presented here is the “belief cascade,” a change in the understanding of the members of a society when they face a quandary. This idea is used to critique simple vote-maximizing models of elections, derived from Downs' earlier conception of party competition. Inferences are drawn on the possible applications of rational choice theory to the study of constitutional political economy in order to provide some insight into the differences between democratic polities.","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2012-11-23","277–303","","1","3","","","CONSTITUTIONAL POLITICAL ECONOMY","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","constitution; core belief; election; institution","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9UPZJDWB","journalArticle","1997","Gelpi, Christopher","Crime and punishment: The role of norms in crisis bargaining","American Political Science Review","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0003055400210009","","1997","2015-02-17 13:33:27","2015-02-17 13:33:27","2015-02-17 13:33:27","339–360","","02","91","","","Crime and punishment","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1997/Gelpi_1997_(Crime and punishment).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9UQS96HN","journalArticle","2001","Hiscox, Michael J.","Class versus Industry Cleavages: Inter-Industry Factor Mobility and the Politics of Trade","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3078596","Domestic political conflict has been a constant companion to international trade, but the nature of that conflict has varied greatly in Western democracies over the last two centuries. Political battles over trade policy appear to have sometimes divided societies along broad class lines and at other times split them into narrow industry-based coalitions. I argue that this diversity stems from historical and cross-national variation in inter-industry factor mobility. Class coalitions are more likely where factor mobility is high, whereas narrow, industry-based coalitions are more likely where mobility is low. Evidence from six Western economies for the last two centuries indicates that levels of factor mobility have varied historically and cross-nationally in accord with industrialization and regulation. This variation corresponds broadly with observable differences in the formation of trade policy coalitions.","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2012-05-06","1–46","","1","55","","","Class versus Industry Cleavages","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9V5KGN9E","journalArticle","2007","Young, A. R.","Trade Politics Ain't What It Used to Be: The European Union in the Doha Round*","Journal of Common Market Studies","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-5965.2007.00748.x/full","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2013-01-31","789–811","","4","45","","","Trade Politics Ain't What It Used to Be","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9VK8W93M","journalArticle","2013","Andersen, Jørgen J.; Ross, Michael L.","The Big Oil Change A Closer Look at the Haber–Menaldo Analysis","Comparative Political Studies","","0010-4140, 1552-3829","10.1177/0010414013488557","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/early/2013/06/13/0010414013488557","The claim that oil wealth tends to block democratic transitions has recently been challenged by Haber and Menaldo, who use historical data going back to 1800 and conclude there is no “resource curse.” We revisit their data and models, and show they might be correct for the period before the 1970s, but since about 1980, there has been a pronounced resource curse. We argue that oil wealth only became a hindrance to democratic transitions after the transformative events of the 1970s, which enabled developing country governments to capture the oil rents that were previously siphoned off by foreign-owned firms. We also explain why the Haber–Menaldo study failed to identify this: partly because the authors draw invalid inferences from their data and partly because they assume that the relationship between oil wealth and democracy has not changed for the past 200 years.","2013-06-13","2013-10-09 20:51:31","2014-11-24 00:38:21","2013-10-09 20:51:31","993-1021","","7","47","","Comparative Political Studies","","","","","","","","en","","","","","cps.sagepub.com","","","","","","Energy; Resource Curse","autocratic survival; Democratization; nationalization; natural resources; resource curse","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9VMCT9QN","report","2007","Akee, Randall; Basu, A.; Bedi, A.; Chau, Nancy","Determinants of trafficking in women and children: Cross-national evidence, theory and policy implications","","","","","http://www.iza.org/conference_files/worldb2008/basu_a3581.pdf","","2007","2015-03-20 13:36:50","2015-03-20 13:36:50","2015-03-20 13:36:50","","","","","","","Determinants of trafficking in women and children","","","","","Mimeo","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Akee et al_2007_(Determinants of trafficking in women and children).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9VMNKETM","journalArticle","1989","Heckman, James J.","Causal inference and nonrandom samples","Journal of Educational Statistics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1164605","","1989","2014-11-28 13:01:36","2014-11-28 13:01:36","2014-11-28 13:01:36","159–168","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9VUEZGUA","journalArticle","2000","Lieber, Keir A.","Grasping the Technological Peace: The Offense-Defense Balance and International Security","International Security","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2626774","","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2013-01-09","71–104","","1","25","","","Grasping the Technological Peace","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2000 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9W58XAXS","journalArticle","2011","Desai, Raj M; Vreeland, James Raymond","Global Governance in a Multipolar World: The Case for Regional Monetary Funds1","International Studies Review","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2486.2010.01002.x/abstract","The reform of global financial governance is long overdue. Recent changes to the governance of the International Monetary Fund partially address the lack of representation of emerging market countries, but not their loss of confidence in the institution. In the meantime, alternative and perhaps better approaches to the problems of open economics are being proposed at a regional level. We describe these regional monetary funds and discuss their prospects. We conclude that because economic interdependence is strongest at the regional level, regional cooperation seems well-suited to a multipolar world.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2012-05-19","109–121","","1","13","","","Global Governance in a Multipolar World","","","","","","","en","\copyright 2011 International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9W7ACX6Q","report","2014","Pervez, Fouad","Elections and Dropped WTO Trade Disputes","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2452620","Why are so many WTO trade disputes initiated but never completed? At least one third of all WTO trade disputes are not settled early, nor go to panel. Given the costs associated with initiating a trade dispute, this is an unusually high number. I argue that dropped disputes are a useful domestic political tool - leaders can use them to enhance their standing, particularly close to elections, but if they are unable to reach an early settlement, they can abandon those disputes to avoid potential retaliation without much domestic harm, given the length of dispute resolution and the questionable compliance record. As such, I argue that disputes initiated close to an election of the executive in the complainant country are much more likely to be abandoned. I focus on safeguards, antidumping and countervailing duties that lead to WTO disputes, and test this hypothesis using a two-stage selection model. I nd evidence that suggests that electoral politics may indeed play a role in which disputes are abandoned.","2014","2014-09-16 12:15:04","2014-09-16 12:15:04","2014-09-16 12:15:04","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Pervez_2014_(Elections and Dropped WTO Trade Disputes).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2452620","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9W7V989A","manuscript","2010","Williams, C. B.; Gulati, G. J.","Communicating with Constituents in 140 Characters or Less","","","","","http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/pn_wp/43","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9WBF9MJN","journalArticle","1995","Wendt, Alexander; Friedheim, Daniel","Hierarchy under Anarchy: Informal Empire and the East German State","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2706923","Contemporary international politics embody a tension between formal equality and de facto inequality. States recognize each other as sovereign equals, yet the strong still push around the weak. Among the structures that reflect this tension are informal empires. The dominant assumptions in mainstream international relations theory, materialism and rationalism, privilege the formal equality of states in informal empires a priori: materialism by assuming that authority relations cannot exist between sovereign states; rationalism by assuming that states are sovereign over their own interests. A constructivist approach allows one to explore the hypothesis that transnational authority structures construct state identities and interests. An empirical analysis of the Soviet-East German relationship supports this hypothesis, which raises questions about the emerging study of international governance.","1995","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","","689–721","","4","49","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1995 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9WFHAAW5","journalArticle","2001","Buch, Claudia M.; Piazolo, Daniel","Capital and trade flows in Europe and the impact of enlargement","Economic Systems","","0939-3625","10.1016/S0939-3625(01)00019-X","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S093936250100019X","The Eastern enlargement of the European Union (EU) is likely to give a further boost to trade and capital flows, yet empirical evidence on its possible effects is scarce. This paper uses four different datasets to estimate the determinants of international asset holdings and trade flows. We find in most regressions that EU membership has a significant effect. Based on additional forecasts of the expected flows to 10 transition economies, we conclude that for the EU candidates actual levels are still far below expected values in most cases. Consequently, we anticipate raising capital and trade flows with the approach of EU accession, in particular for the seven EU candidates besides the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland.","2001-09","2013-11-15 11:04:06","2013-11-15 11:04:06","2013-11-15 11:04:06","183-214","","3","25","","Economic Systems","","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9WN63XHP","journalArticle","2012","Stoye, Jörg","New Perspectives on Statistical Decisions Under Ambiguity","Annual Review of Economics","","","10.1146/annurev-economics-080511-110959","http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-080511-110959","This review summarizes and connects recent work on the foundations and applications of statistical decision theory. Minimax models of decisions making under ambiguity are identified as a thread running through several literatures. In axiomatic decision theory, these models motivated a large literature on modeling ambiguity aversion. Some findings of this literature are reported in a way that should be directly accessible to statisticians and econometricians. In statistical decision theory, the models inform a rich theory of estimation and treatment choice, which was recently extended to account for partial identification and thereby ambiguity that does not vanish with sample size. This literature is illustrated by discussing global, finite-sample admissible, and minimax decision rules for a number of stylized decision problems with point and partial identification.","2012","2015-04-12 17:33:49","2015-04-12 17:33:49","2015-04-12 17:33:49","257-282","","1","4","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Stoye_2012_(New Perspectives on Statistical Decisions Under Ambiguity).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9WUWZ4BX","journalArticle","2014","Crawford, Ian; De Rock, Bram","Empirical Revealed Preference","Annual Review of Economics","","","10.1146/annurev-economics-080213-041238","http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-080213-041238","This article aims to provide an introduction to empirical revealed preference (RP) and an overview of the current state of the field. We hope to give a sense of how RP methods work and the types of questions they can address and to assess the strengths and drawbacks of the approach. After briefly recapping the basics of RP theory, we review and critically assess the literature in two main areas representing the principal fields in which recent research has made significant advances: broadening the scope of RP methods and dealing with empirical issues related to bringing RP to the data. We conclude with a discussion of some future directions.","2014","2015-04-12 17:32:38","2015-04-12 17:32:38","2015-04-12 17:32:38","503-524","","1","6","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Crawford_De Rock_2014_(Empirical Revealed Preference).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9XB74G5G","journalArticle","1999","Wantchekon, L.; Healy, A.","The ""Game"" of Torture","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","0022-0027","10.1177/0022002799043005003","http://jcr.sagepub.com/cgi/doi/10.1177/0022002799043005003","","1999-10-01","2014-09-29 02:14:52","2014-09-29 02:14:52","2014-09-29 02:14:52","596-609","","5","43","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1999/Wantchekon_Healy_1999_(The Game of Torture).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9XFZWIHD","journalArticle","2012","Gilligan, Michael J.; Johns, Leslie","Formal Models of International Institutions","Annual Review of Political Science","","","10.1146/annurev-polisci-043010-095828","http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-043010-095828","The past three decades have witnessed the development of a rich literature that applies the formal tools of game theory to understanding international cooperation and international institutions. We divide this literature into three “generations” of scholarship. With a few notable exceptions, the first generation used very simple models—2×2 normal form games—to understand why states need to cooperate and why they comply with their cooperative agreements under conditions of anarchy. This first generation unfortunately bogged down in the neorealist–neoliberal debate. Second-generation scholars began to use tailor-made models to address the neorealist–neoliberal debate and to turn to new questions, such as how international agreements are created and how domestic political divisions affect international cooperation. With answers to the key questions of how international agreements are created and complied with, third-generation scholars could turn to increasingly refined models to answer specific questions about international institutions, such as the proper size of multilateral agreements, how the gains of cooperation are distributed, whether flexibility provisions should be built into agreements, and the specific functions of international organizations.","2012","2015-04-12 17:34:51","2015-04-12 17:34:51","2015-04-12 17:34:51","221-243","","1","15","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Gilligan_Johns_2012_(Formal Models of International Institutions).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9Z75983T","journalArticle","2002","Bahgat, Gawdat","Pipeline Diplomacy: The Geopolitics of the Caspian Sea Region","International Studies Perspectives","","","","","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","","310–327","","3","3","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9ZFT5Z5D","journalArticle","2006","Fettweis, C. J.","A Revolution in International Relation Theory: Or, What If Mueller Is Right?","International Studies Review","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","","677–697","","4","8","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9ZMS8BJ9","journalArticle","2015","Medlock III, Kenneth B.; Hartley, Peter R.","The Market Impacts of New Natural Gas-Directed Policies in the United States","The James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy, Rice University, Policy Report","","","","","","2015","2015-05-29 10:02:35","2015-05-29 10:03:27","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Medlock III_Hartley_2015_(The Market Impacts of New Natural Gas-Directed Policies in the United States).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "9ZRHM5CA","journalArticle","2010","Lee, Jihong; Liu, Qingmin","Gambling reputation: Repeated bargaining with outside options","Econometrica","","","","http://www.kier.kyoto-u.ac.jp/~game/2010/100422Lee.pdf","","2010","2013-09-17 10:03:58","2013-09-17 10:08:34","2013-09-17 10:03:58","","","","","","","Gambling reputation","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Bargaining; Game Theory","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A2IXZD3S","journalArticle","2010","GERBER, ALAN S.; HUBER, GREGORY A.; DOHERTY, DAVID; DOWLING, CONOR M.; HA, SHANG E.","Personality and Political Attitudes: Relationships across Issue Domains and Political Contexts","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-09-04 18:31:35","","111","","01","104","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A2NHU6S8","journalArticle","2011","Perez-Latre, Fransisco Javier; Portilla, Idoia; Blanco Sanches, Cristina","Social Networks, Media and Audiences: A Literature Review","Comunicacion Y Sociedad","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","","63–74","","1","24","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A2URK8UM","journalArticle","1984","Jentleson, Bruce W.","From consensus to conflict: the domestic political economy of East-West energy trade policy","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/discover/2706626?sid=21105613902693&uid=2&uid=3739256&uid=3739808&uid=4","Changes in the domestic politics of East-West energy trade policy indicate a more general transformation of the domestic politics of American foreign policy. In the postwar period the basic, consensual pattern of congressional bipartisanship, executivebranch unity, interest-group collaboration, and a supportive public has been replaced by the conflictual pattern of an assertive Congress, a fragmented executive branch, antagonistic interest groups, and a divided public. These contrasting patterns are manifestations of structural changes in the domestic political economy. Along both political and economic dimensions, and differentiated according to whether the locus of pressure was group-specific or more general, what had been basic foundations of consensus became by the early 1970s fissures of conflict. Of particular significance were the weakening of the macropolitical foundations (the basic accord on foreignpolicy objectives and strategies) in the wake of both Vietnam and detente and the increased marginal value of the economic costs, both diffuse (macroeconomic) and particularistic (microeconomic), to be paid for economic coercion. In this transformed context, the state's support-building instruments of ideology and economic compensation were insufficient to build consensus. As a result, in this issue area and perhaps more generally, high levels of domestic constraints on the conduct of American foreign policy have become the rule rather than the exception.","1984","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2015-01-12 21:21:12","","625–660","","04","38","","","From consensus to conflict","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A2XE3GT4","bookSection","2008","Bennett, Andrew","Process Tracing: A Bayesian Perspective","The Oxford Handbook of Political Methodology","","","","http://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199286546.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199286546-e-30","This article provides an overview of process tracing, concentrating on the dimensions of this method that are relevant to Bayesian logic. It also briefly outlines the logic of Bayesian inference, emphasizing parallels with the logic of process tracing. The article shows these points with examples from the historical explanation of political events, including the 1898 Fashoda crisis, the end of the First World War, and the end of the Cold War. It concludes that Bayesianism helps in understanding the strengths of case-study methods, including their potential to develop and test explanations even with limited evidence drawn from one or a few cases, and their limits, including the provisional nature of historical explanations and the challenges of generalizing from small numbers of cases. The ‘Degrees of Freedom’ problem is inapplicable to process tracing, even though the more fundamental problem of underdetermination remains.","2008","2013-03-04 19:02:10","2014-11-28 23:13:14","","702-722","","","","","","","","","","","Oxford University Press","New York","","","","","","","","","","","","etc.; manuals; Political science – Methodology\textbarvHandbooks; Qual","etc.; manuals; Political science -- Methodology|vHandbooks","Box-Steffensmeier, Janet M.; Brady, Henry E.; Collier, David.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A32N297F","book","1994","Simmons, Beth A.","Who adjusts?: domestic sources of foreign economic policy during the interwar years","","0691086419","","","","","1994","2013-01-08 01:34:19","2014-09-04 20:26:31","","","330","","","","","Who adjusts?","Princeton studies in international history and politics","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton, N.J","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HF1411 .S454 1994","","","","","Gold standard; International economic relations","Gold standard; International economic relations","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A3374XVG","book","1990","Bruner, J.","Acts of Meaning","","","","","","","1990","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:22:10","","","","","","","","","","","","","Harvard University Press","Cambridge, MA","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A3PMEPCI","journalArticle","2011","Vreeland, J. R.","Foreign aid and global governance: Buying Bretton Woods–the Swiss-bloc case","The Review of International Organizations","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","","1–23","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A3Z3B6C4","journalArticle","2009","Donnelly, Jack","Rethinking political structures: from 'ordering principles' to 'vertical differentiation' - and beyond","International Theory","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","","49–86","","1","1","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A45XTVRD","journalArticle","1997","Cohen, E. A.","Civil-military relations","Orbis","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0030438797900612","","1997","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2013-01-09","177–186","","2","41","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A48DWXC9","journalArticle","2012","Caldwell, Raymond","Reclaiming Agency, Recovering Change? An Exploration of the Practice Theory of Theodore Schatzki","Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-5914.2012.00490.x/abstract","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2013-01-31","283–303","","3","42","","","Reclaiming Agency, Recovering Change?","","","","","","","en","\copyright 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A4BVTJD6","book","1979","Habermas, Jürgen","Communication and the Evolution of Society","","","","","","","1979","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:23:34","","","","","","","","","","","","","Beacon Press","Boston","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","McCarthy, Thomas","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A4CNNRWH","journalArticle","1996","Kaufmann, Chaim","Intervention in ethnic and ideological civil wars: Why one can be done and the other can't","Security Studies","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09636419608429300","","1996","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2012-09-07","62–101","","1","6","","","Intervention in ethnic and ideological civil wars","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A4GX3DZW","journalArticle","2015","Kertzer, Joshua D.; Rathbun, Brian C.","Fair is Fair: Social Preferences and Reciprocity in International Politics","World Politics","","","","","","2015","2015-02-25 20:44:16","2015-02-25 20:46:23","","","","1","77","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/FRBN75PR/Kertzer & Rathbun 2015.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A4QIBS58","journalArticle","1995","Dewenter, Kathryn L.","Does the market react differently to domestic and foreign takeover announcements? Evidence from the US chemical and retail industries","Journal of Financial Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0304405X94007953","","1995","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2013-03-15","421–441","","3","37","","","Does the market react differently to domestic and foreign takeover announcements?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A53B9JNK","journalArticle","2012","Slantchev, Branislav L.","Audience Cost Theory and Its Audiences","Security Studies","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09636412.2012.706476","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2013-01-11","376–382","","3","21","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A58QRR2V","journalArticle","2015","Cederman, Lars-Erik; Hug, Simon; Schädel, Andreas; Wucherpfennig, Julian","Territorial Autonomy in the Shadow of Conflict: Too Little, Too Late?","American Political Science Review","","1537-5943","10.1017/S0003055415000118","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0003055415000118","This article evaluates the effect of territorial autonomy on the outbreak of internal conflict by analyzing ethnic groups around the world since WWII. Shedding new light on an ongoing debate, we argue that the critics have overstated the case against autonomy policies. Our evidence indicates that decentralization has a significant conflict-preventing effect where there is no prior conflict history. In postconflict settings, however, granting autonomy can still be helpful in combination with central power sharing arrangements. Yet, on its own, postconflict autonomy concessions may be too little, too late. Accounting for endogeneity, we also instrument for autonomy in postcolonial states by exploiting that French, as opposed to British, colonial rule rarely relied on decentralized governance. This identification strategy suggests that naïve analysis tends to underestimate the pacifying influence of decentralization.","2015-05","2015-06-30 11:03:14","2015-06-30 11:03:14","2015-06-30 11:03:14","354–370","","02","109","","","Territorial Autonomy in the Shadow of Conflict","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Cederman et al_2015_(Territorial Autonomy in the Shadow of Conflict).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A5GHE4IF","journalArticle","2010","Johnson, J.","What Rationality Assumption? Or, How `Positive Political Theory'Rests on a Mistake","Political Studies","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","","282–299","","2","58","","","What Rationality Assumption?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A5UENJ6E","journalArticle","2000","Haskins, E. V.","Mimesis between poetics and rhetoric: Performance culture and civic education in Plato, Isocrates, and Aristotle","Rhetoric Society Quarterly","","","","","","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-09-04 18:31:47","","7–33","","3","30","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A644R6PH","journalArticle","2013","Beverungen, Armin","The political economy of corporate governance","ephemera","","","","http://www.ephemerajournal.org/sites/default/files/pdfs/CfPPEofCorpGov.pdf","","2013","2014-09-19 16:18:29","2014-09-19 16:19:05","2014-09-19 16:18:29","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Beverungen_2013_(The political economy of corporate governance).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A67EMNCT","book","2006","Guzzini, Stefano","Constructivism and international relations : Alexander Wendt and his critics","","9780415332712","","","","","2006","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:23:33","","","","","","","","","","","","","Routledge","London; New York","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A6NCRVZ7","journalArticle","2015","Grigoryan, Artur","The ruling bargain: sovereign wealth funds in elite-dominated societies","Economics of Governance","","1435-6104, 1435-8131","10.1007/s10101-015-0168-7","http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10101-015-0168-7","This paper generates new results on the creation and use of sovereign wealth funds (SWF) as tools for maximizing political power of the ruling class. It models a ruler’s decision to set up a SWF in a society dominated by a powerful elite in order to pacify the elite’s political ambitions by transferring resource rents. Furthermore, it shows under which circumstances the ruler is able to gain the elite’s support using a fund and to overcome the danger of coups d’état. SWFs can serve as appropriate instruments for this purpose because they are long-term oriented and strongly institutionalized.","2015-06-03","2015-12-02 19:48:12","2015-12-02 19:48:12","2015-12-02 19:48:12","1-20","","","","","Econ Gov","The ruling bargain","","","","","","","en","","","","","link.springer.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Grigoryan_2015_(The ruling bargain).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A6QSRDFI","journalArticle","2005","Fearon, James D.","Primary Commodity Exports and Civil War","The Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/30045128","Collier and Hoeffler reported that countries with a higher percentage of national income from primary commodity exports have been more prone to civil war, an interesting finding that has received much attention from policy makers and the media. The author shows that this result is quite fragile, even using Collier and Hoeffler's data. Minor changes in the sample framing and the recovery of missing data undermine it. To the extent that there is an association, it is likely because oil is a major component of primary commodity exports and substantial oil production does associate with civil war risk. The author argues that oil predicts civil war risk not because it provides an easy source of rebel start-up finance but probably because oil producers have relatively low state capabilities given their level of per capita income and because oil makes state or regional control a tempting ""prize."" An analysis of data on government observance of contracts and investor-perceived expropriation risk is consistent with this hypothesis.","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2012-09-21","483–507","","4","49","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2005 Sage Publications, Inc.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A6STEUDF","journalArticle","2000","d'Aspremont, Claude; Bhattacharya, Sudipto; Gerard-Varet, Louis-Andre","Bargaining and sharing innovative knowledge","The review of economic studies","","","","http://restud.oxfordjournals.org/content/67/2/255.short","","2000","2013-09-17 10:24:30","2013-09-17 10:24:30","2013-09-17 10:24:30","255–271","","2","67","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Bargaining; Game Theory","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A7B8B2TX","journalArticle","2009","Abdelal, Rawi","Sovereign Wealth in Abu Dhabi","Geopolitics","","1465-0045","10.1080/14650040902827781","http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14650040902827781","By the turn of the century, oil had already made the tiny emirate of Abu Dhabi rich beyond anyone's wildest dreams. A sovereign wealth fund, the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority (ADIA), has invested extra oil revenues abroad for more than thirty years and amassed a still-growing portfolio worth approximately $750–900 billion. ADIA is widely believed to be the world's largest sovereign wealth fund – indeed the world's largest institutional investor. But Abu Dhabi is not yet a “developed” economy. So, in 2002, the Mubadala Development Company was established as a government-owned investment vehicle. Unlike ADIA's mandate to build and manage a financial portfolio, Mubadala's charge was to develop Abu Dhabi. According to some observers, ADIA was a “sovereign savings fund,” while Mubadala was a government-owned investment firm. Mubadala is supposed to invest the wealth of the emirate in activities that would diversify the economy away from energy and into industry and services. Although each Mubadala investment is supposed to earn large returns, the strategy balances financial against “strategic” returns. ADIA and Mubadala are the institutional architecture to manage the wealth of the Abu Dhabi sovereign.","2009-05-06","2015-12-02 19:44:00","2015-12-02 19:44:00","2015-12-02 19:44:00","317-327","","2","14","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Taylor and Francis+NEJM","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Abdelal_2009_(Sovereign Wealth in Abu Dhabi).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A7GFTIHK","magazineArticle","2014","","Oil and water","The Economist","","0013-0613","","http://www.economist.com/news/special-report/21631798-north-americas-energy-revolution-will-have-ripple-effect-around-pacific-oil-and","North America’s energy revolution will have a ripple effect around the Pacific","2014-11-15","2014-12-14 04:52:47","2014-12-14 04:52:47","2014-12-14 04:52:47","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","The Economist","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A7K5Z4KM","journalArticle","2013","Holmes, Marcus","The force of face-to-face diplomacy: mirror neurons and the problem of intentions","International organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0020818313000234","","2013","2014-12-03 01:19:27","2014-12-03 01:19:27","2014-12-03 01:19:27","829–861","","04","67","","","The force of face-to-face diplomacy","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Holmes_2013_(The force of face-to-face diplomacy).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A7KUZXWA","report","2013","Chen, Christopher C.","Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises: An Empirical Survey of the Model of Temasek Holdings in Singapore","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2366699","This paper explores the effect of Temasek Holdings Pte Ltd, one of Singapore’s two prominent sovereign wealth funds, on the corporate governance of its target companies in Singapore. It compares companies associated with Temasek with the other listed companies on the Singapore Exchange that form the components of the Straits Times Index. Based on these companies’ 2012 annual reports, this paper finds that the companies in which Temasek has direct stakes have a higher proportion of independent directors and are more likely to have an independent director serving as chairman, indicating a higher quality of corporate governance. However, Temasek’s success is not necessarily a result of law, but may have more to do with its self-disciplinary nature and the hands-off approach of the Singaporean government. This means that the Temasek model may not easily be copied by state-owned enterprises in other countries. However, the fact that Temasek plays like an active investor and complies with corporate law may prove that state-owned enterprises may still enjoy a higher quality of corporate governance, and that sovereign wealth funds may behave akin to responsible investors.","2013-09-30","2015-02-27 23:15:13","2015-02-27 23:15:13","2015-02-27 23:15:13","","","","","","","Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Chen_2013_(Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2366699","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A7S2RMQI","journalArticle","2015","Luong, Pauline Jones; Sierra, Jazmín","The Domestic Political Conditions for International Economic Expansion Lessons From Latin American National Oil Companies","Comparative Political Studies","","0010-4140, 1552-3829","10.1177/0010414015592647","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/48/14/2010","The internationalization of emerging country national oil companies (NOCs) is one of the most surprising manifestations of state capitalism’s resurgence at the end of the 20th century. Existing research argues that structural changes at the international level and economic advantages at the domestic level created a uniform capacity across NOCs to internationalize in the 2000s. Yet, there is significant variation in the degree to which NOCs have expanded abroad. We argue that this cross-national variation is a product of two domestic political conditions: (a) whether the NOC emerged through a consensual or conflictual nationalization process and (b) whether NOC managers’ and the government’s interests regarding internationalization converged. We demonstrate our argument’s plausibility with three in-depth case studies—Brazil’s Petrobras, Mexico’s Pemex, and Venezuela’s PdVSA—and use three shadow cases—Columbia’s Ecopetrol, Malaysia’s Petronas, and Indonesia’s Pertamina—to explore its broader applicability.","2015-12-01","2015-11-09 17:33:48","2015-11-09 17:33:48","2015-11-09 17:33:48","2010-2043","","14","48","","Comparative Political Studies","","","","","","","","en","","","","","cps.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Luong_Sierra_2015_(The Domestic Political Conditions for International Economic Expansion Lessons).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A7US2W2N","book","2006","Jackson, Patrick Thaddeus","Civilizing the Enemy: German Reconstruction and the Invention of the West","","0472099299","","","","","2006","2012-05-05 12:12:40","2014-09-04 20:24:12","","","286","","","","","Civilizing the Enemy","","","","","University of Michigan Press","Ann Arbor","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JZ1253 .J33 2006","","","","","Civilization; Cold War; Germany; International relations; Political aspects; Reconstruction (1939-1951); Rhetoric; Social aspects; Western","Civilization, Western; Cold War; Germany; Political aspects; Reconstruction (1939-1951); Rhetoric; Social aspects","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A8CJNQED","journalArticle","2010","Zelizer, Julian E.","What Political Science Can Learn from the New Political History","Annual Review of Political Science","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.polisci.032708.120246","This essay explores how three components of the new political history—research on the motivations behind the rise of conservatism, the discovery of the nineteenth-century state, and arguments about the particularities of public policy—can offer useful analytical tools for political scientists.","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2012-09-06","25–36","","1","13","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","American political development; conservatism; new institutionalism; nineteenth century; public policy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A8FNP5AE","journalArticle","2013","Carter, Jennifer; Patty, John W.","Valence and Campaigns","","","","","http://johnwpatty.com/papers/ValenceAndCampaigns-Dec2013.pdf","","2013","2014-10-15 22:59:09","2014-10-15 22:59:09","2014-10-15 22:59:09","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/ZDJTKMHR/w4AyWrDwqcak8WD8nztPxsHKaxeTZE1PP3tB7zwOCCFp3eaKTL8XcYlYWMPzvbaU.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A8SNMM6N","book","2003","Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce","The logic of political survival","","0262025469","","","","","2003","2012-09-06 12:29:46","2014-09-04 20:27:41","","","536","","","","","","","","","","MIT Press","Cambridge, Mass","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JF285 .L64 2003","","","","","Heads of state; Heads of state – Succession.; Heads of state – Term of office.; Political planning; Political planning.; Succession; Term of office","Heads of state; Heads of state -- Succession.; Heads of state -- Term of office.; Political planning; Political planning.; Succession; Term of office","","","","Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A8X4RSJQ","journalArticle","2013","Hall, Andrew B.","What Happens When Extremists Win Primaries?","","","","","http://www.polmeth.wustl.edu/media/Paper/Hallextremistprimaries_1_2_3.pdf","","2013","2014-10-17 20:51:32","2014-10-17 20:51:32","2014-10-17 20:51:32","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/NEPIZA6S/Hall_extremist_primaries.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A92Q9C69","book","1994","Gause, F. Gregory","Oil monarchies: domestic and security challenges in the Arab Gulf states","","0876091516","","","","","1994","2015-07-16 09:06:22","2015-07-16 09:06:22","","","237","","","","","Oil monarchies","","","","","Council on Foreign Relations Press","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JQ1825.A75 G38 1993","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A9I9CN7J","journalArticle","1986","Grossman, Sanford J.; Hart, Oliver D.","The costs and benefits of ownership: A theory of vertical and lateral integration","The Journal of Political Economy","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1833199","","1986","2015-02-13 02:12:55","2015-02-13 02:13:07","2015-02-13 02:12:55","691–719","","4","94","","","The costs and benefits of ownership","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A9JWUIZC","bookSection","1991","Murphy, Craig; Tooze, Roger","Getting Beyond the “Common Sense” of the IPE Orthodoxy","The New International Political Economy","","","","","","1991","2012-05-14 13:24:25","2014-09-04 20:25:25","","","","","","","","","","","","","Lynne Rienner Pub","Boulder, Colo","","","","","","","HF1359 .N49 1991","","","","","economic; International; Relations","International economic relations","Murphy, Craig N.; Tooze, Roger","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A9P6P933","bookSection","1970","Mahdavy, Hossein","The patterns and problems of economic development in rentier states: the case of Iran","Studies in Economic History of the Middle East","","","","http://www-personal.umich.edu/~twod/oil-s2010/rents/Mahdavy.pdf","","1970","2015-07-16 08:42:37","2015-07-16 10:17:37","2015-07-16 08:42:37","428-467","","","","","","The patterns and problems of economic development in rentier states","","","","","Oxford University Press","London","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1970/Mahdavy_1970_(The patterns and problems of economic development in rentier states).pdf","","","","Cook, M.A.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A9SIHDBW","journalArticle","2012","Abrahms, Max","The Political Effectiveness of Terrorism Revisited","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/45/3/366","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2012-09-18","366–393","","3","45","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "A9V4TF3I","journalArticle","2015","Albertson, Bethany; Busby, Joshua William","Hearts or minds? Identifying persuasive messages on climate change","Research & Politics","","2053-1680","10.1177/2053168015577712","http://rap.sagepub.com/content/2/1/2053168015577712","This article sheds light on what kinds of appeals persuade the US public on climate change. Using an experimental design, we assign a diverse sample of 330 participants to one of four conditions: an economic self-interest appeal, a moral appeal, a mixed appeal combining self-interest and morality and a control condition with no persuasive appeal.1 Participants were then asked a series of questions about their willingness to support advocacy efforts, including such actions as writing a letter to Congress, signing a petition and joining an organization. We hypothesized that for issues like climate change where it is expensive to address the problem, arguments based on self-interest are more likely to be persuasive than moral appeals. Our experiment yielded some surprising results. Knowledge was an important moderator of people’s attitudes on climate change in response to the persuasive messages. We found that among respondents who were more knowledgeable about climate change that the economic frame was most the persuasive in terms of a subject’s willingness to take actions to support the cause. However, among low knowledge respondents, the control condition without messaging yielded the most concern.","2015-03-01","2015-06-30 11:04:49","2015-06-30 11:04:49","2015-06-30 11:04:49","2053168015577712","","1","2","","","Hearts or minds?","","","","","","","en","© The Author(s) 2015. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work as published without adaptation or alteration, without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (http://www.uk.sagepub.com/aboutus/openaccess.htm).","","","","rap.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Albertson_Busby_2015_(Hearts or minds).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AAA7VFT6","journalArticle","2014","Bartels, Brandon L.; O'Geen, Andrew J.","The Nature of Legal Change on the U.S. Supreme Court: Jurisprudential Regimes Theory and Its Alternatives","American Journal of Political Science","","1540-5907","10.1111/ajps.12147","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ajps.12147/abstract","Jurisprudential regimes theory (JRT) posits that legal change on the U.S. Supreme Court occurs in a drastic, structural-break-like manner. Methodological debates present conflicting evidence for JRT, which has implications for the important law versus ideology debate. We confront this debate by first elaborating two alternative theoretical perspectives to JRT—evolutionary change and legal stability. Our analytical framework focuses on two key substantive effects of jurisprudential categories on the Court's case outcomes—relative differences between categories over multiple time periods and longitudinal differences across time periods. Importantly, different pieces of empirical evidence can provide support for different dynamic processes. The extent to which “law matters” is not necessarily tied to one particular model of legal change. Empirical analysis of updated and backdated free expression data generates key findings consistent with JRT, legal stability, and evolutionary change. We discuss the implications of the results for understanding legal change and legal influence.","2014","2015-01-15 20:28:32","2015-01-15 20:28:32","2015-01-15 20:28:32","n/a-n/a","","","","","American Journal of Political Science","The Nature of Legal Change on the U.S. Supreme Court","","","","","","","en","© 2014, Midwest Political Science Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Bartels_O'Geen_2014_(The Nature of Legal Change on the U).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AAP5698X","journalArticle","2010","Kaplan, Andreas M.; Haenlein, Michael","Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media","Business Horizons","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:32:03","2014-09-04 18:32:03","","59–68","","1","53","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AB6IH8AN","report","2013","Kastner, Scott; Pearson, Margaret; Rector, Chad","A Rationalist Approach to China's Behavior in Multilateral Governance","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2300133","China has played an inconsistent role in multilateral governance, sometimes contributing to the creation and maintenance of international regimes, sometimes using its leverage to try to negotiate a greater voice in regime governance, and sometimes passively accepting regimes while free-riding on efforts to maintain them. We argue that theories of China’s approach to multilateralism that rely on assumptions about its inherent disposition - or “type” - cannot account for this variation; we instead highlight the strategic context of each issue. An emerging global power such as China will be willing to invest more in supporting a regime when its outside options are relatively poor. When its outside options are good, its approach will depend on whether it is viewed as indispensable to effective regime support; if it is not a necessary player in maintaining regimes it will accept regimes as they are and tend to go along with the efforts of more established states, while if the emerging power is seen as indispensable by the other major players (in our case the US) it will threaten hold-up as a way to win concessions. We show that these two factors, outside options and indispensability, can help explain changes in China’s strategy with respect to the issue of North Korea’s nuclear program and the regulation of international finance.","2013","2013-09-03 10:20:22","2014-09-04 20:24:24","2013-09-03 10:20:22","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","","","China; global governance","global governance","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2300133","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ABDPDHF6","journalArticle","2006","Jones Luong, Pauline; Weinthal, Erika","Rethinking the Resource Curse: Ownership Structure, Institutional Capacity, and Domestic Constraints","Annual Review of Political Science","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.polisci.9.062404.170436","","2006","2013-10-01 15:24:24","2013-10-17 10:40:13","2013-10-01 15:24:24","241–263","","","9","","","RETHINKING THE RESOURCE CURSE","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Resource Curse","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ACK8K436","journalArticle","1982","Bergstrom, Theodore C.","On capturing oil rents with a national excise tax","The American Economic Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/1808586","","1982","2013-10-10 12:55:44","2013-10-10 12:55:44","2013-10-10 12:55:44","194–201","","1","72","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ACUESWC9","journalArticle","1991","Markus, H. R.; Kitayama, S.","Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation.","Psychological review","","","","","","1991","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:25:00","","224","","2","98","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ACVQVNXD","journalArticle","2011","Fey, Mark; Ramsay, Kristopher W.","Uncertainty and Incentives in Crisis Bargaining: Game-Free Analysis of International Conflict","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2010.00486.x/full","","2011","2015-02-17 13:37:57","2015-02-17 13:37:57","2015-02-17 13:37:57","149–169","","1","55","","","Uncertainty and Incentives in Crisis Bargaining","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Fey_Ramsay_2011_(Uncertainty and Incentives in Crisis Bargaining).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ACWE8E3J","journalArticle","2002","Globerman, Steven; Shapiro, Daniel","Global foreign direct investment flows: the role of governance infrastructure","World Development","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305750X02001109","","2002","2014-10-31 00:32:17","2014-10-31 00:46:10","2014-10-31 00:32:17","1899–1919","","11","30","","","Global foreign direct investment flows","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2002/Globerman_Shapiro_2002_(Global foreign direct investment flows).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AD7Z5D7Z","bookSection","2005","Callinicos, A.","Carrying on the traditions: Habermas and Bourdieu","Pierre Bourdieu 2, Vol. II","","","","","","2005","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:22:14","","115-130","","","","","","","","","","","Sage","London","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ADFSSW5E","manuscript","2011","Villumsen, Trine","Science and Securitization","","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","bourdieu; practical reflexivity; practice; science studies; securitization; theory","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AE6GT5NS","journalArticle","2004","Cornish, P.","NATO: the practice and politics of transformation","International Affairs","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","","63–74","","1","80","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AENUA5T2","journalArticle","2004","Keefer, P.","What does political economy tell us about economic development-and vice versa?","World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 3250","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=610291","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2012-08-09","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AEPGA28E","journalArticle","2013","Aronow, Peter M.; Carnegie, Allison","Beyond LATE: Estimation of the average treatment effect with an instrumental variable","Political Analysis","","","","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/content/21/4/492.short","Political scientists frequently use instrumental variables (IV) estimation to estimate the causal effect of an endogenous treatment variable. However, when the treatment effect is heterogeneous, this estimation strategy only recovers the local average treatment effect (LATE). The LATE is an average treatment effect (ATE) for a subset of the population: units that receive treatment if and only if they are induced by an exogenous IV. However, researchers may instead be interested in the ATE for the entire population of interest. In this article, we develop a simple reweighting method for estimating the ATE, shedding light on the identification challenge posed in moving from the LATE to the ATE. We apply our method to two published experiments in political science in which we demonstrate that the LATE has the potential to substantively differ from the ATE.","2013","2014-11-07 13:23:53","2014-11-07 13:24:12","2014-11-07 13:23:53","492–506","","4","21","","","Beyond LATE","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Aronow_Carnegie_2013_(Beyond LATE).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AFHHGI6N","journalArticle","1988","Sandler, Todd; Lapan, Harvey E.","The Calculus of Dissent: An Analysis of Terrorists' Choice of Targets","Synthese","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/20116559","This article applies formal modeling to study a terrorist group's choice of whether to attack or not, and, in the case of an attack, which of two potential targets to strike. Each potential target individually takes protective measures that influence the terrorists' perceived success and failure, and, hence, the likelihood of attack. For domestic terrorism, a tendency for potential targets to overdeter is indicated. For transnational terrorism, cases of overdeterrence and underdeterrence are identified. We demonstrate that increased information about terrorists' preferences, acquired by the targets, may exacerbate inefficiency when deterrence efforts are not coordinated. In some cases, perfect information may eliminate the existence of a noncooperative solution.","1988","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2012-09-18","245–261","","2","76","","","The Calculus of Dissent","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1988 Springer","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AFVK2AWN","book","2002","Gunaratna, Rohan","Inside Al Qaeda: global network of terror","","0231126921","","","","","2002","2012-10-26 04:04:49","2014-09-04 20:23:27","","","271","","","","","Inside Al Qaeda","","","","","Columbia University Press","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HV6431 .G853 2002","","","","","Terrorism","Terrorism","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AFXWUVAX","journalArticle","2011","Wohlforth, William C.","How Not to Evaluate Theories","International Studies Quarterly","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","","no","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AFXXHU3U","report","2013","Heckman, James J.; Pinto, Rodrigo","Causal analysis after Haavelmo","","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w19453","","2013","2014-10-15 22:20:13","2014-10-15 22:20:13","2014-10-15 22:20:13","","","","","","","","","","","","National Bureau of Economic Research","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Heckman_Pinto_2013_(Causal analysis after Haavelmo).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AG3NCF4R","journalArticle","2009","Goldthau, Andreas; Witte, Jan","Back to the future or forward to the past? Strengthening markets and rules for effective global energy governance","International Affairs","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2346.2009.00798.x/full","","2009","2013-10-10 12:58:23","2013-10-10 12:58:23","2013-10-10 12:58:23","373–390","","2","85","","","Back to the future or forward to the past?","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AG5PPN53","journalArticle","2002","Law, J.","Objects and Spaces","Theory, Culture & Society","","","","","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","","91–105","","5-6","19","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AGEHHDKJ","journalArticle","2014","Walker, Edward T.; Rea, Christopher M.","The Political Mobilization of Firms and Industries","Annual Review of Sociology","","","10.1146/annurev-soc-071913-043215","http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-071913-043215","Corporate political activity is both a long-standing preoccupation and an area of innovation for sociologists. We examine the limitations of investigating business unity without focusing directly on processes and outcomes and then review studies of five types of business political action that offer lenses into corporate power in the United States: engagement in electoral politics, direct corporate lobbying, collective action through associations and coalitions, business campaigns in civil society, and political aspects of corporate responsibility. Through these avenues, we highlight four shifts since the 1970s: (a) increasing fragmentation of capitalist interests, (b) closer attention to links between business lobbying and firms' social embeddedness, (c) a turn away from the assumption that money buys political victories, and (d) new avenues of covert corporate influence. This body of research has reinvigorated the classic elitist/pluralist debate while also raising novel questions about how business actors are adapting to (and generating changes within) their sociopolitical environments.","2014","2015-04-12 17:30:16","2015-04-12 17:30:16","2015-04-12 17:30:16","281-304","","1","40","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Walker_Rea_2014_(The Political Mobilization of Firms and Industries).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AGFVGACP","journalArticle","1998","Garrett, G.","Global markets and national politics: collision course or virtuous circle?","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/production/action/cjoGetFulltext?fulltextid=173298","","1998","2012-10-04 02:19:57","2014-09-04 20:23:02","2012-10-04 02:19:57","787–824","","4","52","","","Global markets and national politics","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AGG44V6Z","bookSection","2015","Feller, Avi; Gelman, Andrew","Hierarchical Models for Causal Effects","Emerging Trends in the Social and Behavioral Sciences","","","","http://www.stat.columbia.edu/~gelman/research/published/HierarchicalCausal.pdf","","2015","2014-09-30 14:42:25","2014-11-22 22:47:21","2014-09-30 14:42:25","","","","","","","","","","","","Sage Publications","London","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Feller_Gelman_2015_(Hierarchical Models for Causal Effects).pdf","","","","Scott, Robert; Kosslyn, Stephen","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AGHM7X4A","journalArticle","2010","Bliuc, Ana-Maria; Ellis, Robert; Goodyear, Peter; Piggott, Leanne","Learning through face-to-face and online discussions: Associations between students' conceptions, approaches and academic performance in political science","British Journal of Educational Technology","","1467-8535","10.1111/j.1467-8535.2009.00966.x","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-8535.2009.00966.x/abstract","This paper reports on research investigating student experiences of learning through face-to-face and online discussions in a political science course in a large Australian university. Using methodologies from relational research into university student learning, the study investigates associations between key aspects of student learning focusing on conceptions of what students learn, approaches to learning, and learning outcomes. The main hypothesis tested here was that there are qualitative differences in the student conceptions of learning through discussions and their approaches to face-to-face and online discussions. Furthermore, it was expected to find that these differences were reflected in the learning outcomes, that is, student approaches would be linked to more complete conceptions of learning and to better academic performance. More tentatively, the existence of causal relationships between these aspects of learning and academic performance was also explored. Data on students' conceptions and approaches was collected through closed-ended questionnaires and final mark was used as an indicator of the quality of learning (academic performance). Our analysis identified variations in the quality of conceptions and student approaches also revealing strong associations between what students thought their learning is about, the way they approached their learning, and academic performance in both face-to-face and online contexts. Implications of these findings for research and practice are elaborated.","2010-05-01","2015-12-09 02:36:39","2015-12-09 02:36:39","2015-12-09 02:36:39","512-524","","3","41","","","Learning through face-to-face and online discussions","","","","","","","en","© 2009 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2009 Becta","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AGJVVD3Q","journalArticle","2012","Layne, Christopher","This Time It's Real: The End of Unipolarity and the Pax Americana","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2011.00704.x/abstract","Layne, Christopher. (2012) This Time It's Real: The End of Unipolarity and the Pax Americana. International Studies Quarterly, doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2478.2011.00704.x \copyright 2012 International Studies AssociationBefore the Great Recession's foreshocks in fall 2007, most American security studies scholars believed that unipolarity—and perforce American hegemony—would be enduring features of international politics far into the future. However, in the Great Recession's aftermath, it is apparent that much has changed since 2007. Predictions of continuing unipolarity have been superseded by premonitions of American decline and geopolitical transformation. The Great Recession has had a two-fold impact. First, it highlighted the shift of global wealth—and power—from West to East, a trend illustrated by China's breathtakingly rapid rise to great power status. Second, it has raised doubts about the robustness of US primacy's economic and financial underpinnings. This article argues that the Aunipolar moment is over, and the Pax Americana—the era of American ascendancy in international politics that began in 1945—is fast winding down. This article challenges the conventional wisdom among International Relations/Security Studies scholars on three counts. First, it shows that contrary to the claims of unipolar stability theorists, the distribution of power in the international system no longer is unipolar. Second, this article revisits the 1980s' debate about American decline and demonstrates that the Great Recession has vindicated the so-called declinists of that decade. Finally, this article takes on the Ainstitutional lock-in argument, which holds that by strengthening the Pax Americana's legacy institutions, the United States can perpetuate the essential elements of the international order it constructed following World War II even as the material foundations of American primacy erode.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2013-01-09","203–213","","1","56","","","This Time It's Real","","","","","","","en","\copyright 2012 International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AH8TZEE4","journalArticle","2001","MacIntyre, Andrew","Institutions and Investors: The Politics of the Economic Crisis in Southeast Asia","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3078598","I develop a systematic argument about the politics of the 1997-98 Asian economic crisis. I focus on institutions-specifically, the connection linking the institutional framework of national politics, the policy environment, and investment. I seek to resolve the tension between the literatures on credible policy commitment and policy flexibility, arguing that if either is severely undersupplied, the risk associated with the policy environment rises rapidly for investors. Building on a veto player framework, I develop a simple model of a U-shaped relationship between the number of veto players in a political system and policy risk to investors. Institutional vetoes on executive authority lower policy risk for investors but only up to a point, after which additional veto players promote unwelcome policy rigidity. I illustrate this using four cases: Thailand, the Philippines, Malaysia, and Indonesia, the four main Southeast Asian countries involved in the financial crisis. I argue that the institutional framework of national politics had a powerful and predictable influence on policy responses and investor reactions.","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","","81–122","","1","55","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2001 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AHGB6UC4","book","2002","Taylor, D. M.","The Quest for Identity","","","","","","","2002","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:27:00","","","","","","","","","","","","","Praeger","Westport","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AI98CXJA","journalArticle","2014","Weitzer, Ronald","New directions in research on human trafficking","The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science","","","","http://ann.sagepub.com/content/653/1/6.short","","2014","2015-04-08 02:57:27","2015-04-08 02:57:27","2015-04-08 02:57:27","6–24","","1","653","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Weitzer_2014_(New directions in research on human trafficking).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AIAZ5CXP","book","1993","Puckett, James M.; Reese, Hayne Waring","Mechanisms of Everyday Cognition","","9780805809763","","","","Based on the proceedings of the twelfth biennial conference on life-span developmental psychology, most of the contributions in this volume deal with the mechanisms of everyday cognition. However, a broad spectrum of additional concerns is addressed within the domain of everyday cognition: its metatheoretical underpinnings, theory and theoretical issues, methods of investigation, empirical considerations, and social issues and applications. Addressing everyday cognition in infancy, childhood, adolescence, young and middle adulthood, and old age, this book is consistent with the chronological life-span theme of this series. The contributors collectively discuss some of the traditional concerns of life-span psychology: the dialectical nature of everyday cognition, individual differences, and contextual influences. Leading and concluding chapters provide overview, integration, and summary. In bringing together a wide array of age periods and points of view within the domain of everyday cognition, the editors hope that students and researchers in developmental psychology and cognitive science will find a useful cross-fertilization of ideas. A huge variety of theoretical perspectives is presented ranging from the position that everyday cognition and academic (laboratory) cognition are different manifestations of the same underlying processes to the position that the underlying processes are completely separate. Also of importance, a large assortment of research methods is illustrated including interviews, laboratory simulations, real-life observations and psychometric methods.","1993","2014-09-12 00:52:12","2014-09-12 00:52:12","","","274","","","","","","","","","","Psychology Press","","en","","","","","Google Books","","","","","","","Psychology / Cognitive Psychology; Psychology / Cognitive Psychology & Cognition","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AIDI3PQT","journalArticle","1996","Cox, Gary W.; Katz, Jonathan N.","Why did the incumbency advantage in US House elections grow?","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2111633","","1996","2015-05-06 16:14:43","2015-05-06 16:14:43","2015-05-06 16:14:43","478–497","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AINVIIXB","journalArticle","2007","Edlin, A.; Gelman, A.; Kaplan, N.","Voting as a Rational Choice: Why and How People Vote To Improve the Well-Being of Others","Rationality and Society","","1043-4631","10.1177/1043463107077384","http://rss.sagepub.com/cgi/doi/10.1177/1043463107077384","","2007-08-01","2014-10-08 10:48:12","2014-10-08 10:48:12","2014-10-08 10:48:12","293-314","","3","19","","","Voting as a Rational Choice","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Edlin et al_2007_(Voting as a Rational Choice).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AJ8QBKXJ","journalArticle","1995","Hogg, M. A.; Terry, D. J.; White, K. M.","A tale of two theories: A critical comparison of identity theory with social identity theory","Social Psychology Quarterly","","","","","","1995","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:23:58","","255-269","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AJJ9C672","journalArticle","2014","Chatagnier, J. Tyson","Teaching the Enemy The Empirical Implications of Bargaining under Observation","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","0022-0027, 1552-8766","10.1177/0022002713487320","http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/58/6/1033","This article considers the way in which the likelihood of being observed by others affects a state’s conflict behavior. The analysis examines the effect of potential observation on the probability that a dispute will escalate to violence as well as the duration of war and peace. To analyze escalation, I employ the nonparametric local logit model, which frees estimation from restrictive functional form assumptions. The evidence suggests that outside observation can change states’ behaviors and that observers tend to modify their own actions based on what they learn. These results indicate that the typical assumption that international conflict is unobserved and unaffected by outside actors is empirically untenable.","2014-09-01","2014-09-08 20:22:05","2014-09-08 20:22:05","2014-09-08 20:22:05","1033-1058","","6","58","","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","","","","","en","","","","","jcr.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Chatagnier_2014_(Teaching the Enemy The Empirical Implications of Bargaining under Observation).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AJWK4B54","journalArticle","2012","Ward, Hugh; Cao, Xun","Domestic and International Influences on Green Taxation","Comparative Political Studies","","0010-4140, 1552-3829","10.1177/0010414011434007","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/45/9/1075","Economists have made a strong case for the relative efficiency of market-based mechanisms for environmental regulation such as cap and trade and “green taxes,” yet the spread of these forms has been limited, and traditional “command and control” regulation still predominates. The authors explain geographical and temporal variation in green tax burdens by considering their domestic and international determinants, modeling international influences using spatial lags. Hypotheses are tested using panel data on Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development member states from 1995 to 2004. At the domestic level, the authors show that green tax burdens are influenced by the left–right and environmental positions of legislative medians and the power of the energy-producing sector, among other factors. The authors also show that ideas about policy diffuse through international networks generated by trade and environmental intergovernmental organizations, but they do not find compelling evidence for international tax competition.","2012-09-01","2015-04-12 18:15:23","2015-04-12 18:15:23","2015-04-12 18:15:23","1075-1103","","9","45","","Comparative Political Studies","","","","","","","","en","","","","","cps.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Ward_Cao_2012_(Domestic and International Influences on Green Taxation).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AK4QMA9D","journalArticle","2012","Harstad, B.","Buy Coal! A Case for Supply-Side Environmental Policy","Journal of Political Economy","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/665405","Free-riding is at the core of environmental problems. If a climate coalition reduces its emissions, world prices change and nonparticipants typically emit more; they may also extract the dirtiest type of fossil fuel and invest too little in green technology. The coalition's second-best policy distorts trade and is not time consistent. However, suppose that the countries can trade the rights to exploit fossil-fuel deposits: As soon as the market clears, the above-mentioned problems vanish and the first-best is implemented. In short, the coalition's best policy is to simply buy foreign deposits and conserve them.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2015-04-12 18:36:52","2012-09-05","77–115","","1","120","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AKKD5XBW","journalArticle","1996","Brewer, M. B.; Gardner, W.","Who is this"" We""? Levels of collective identity and self representations.","Journal of Personality and Social Psychology","","1939-1315","","","","1996","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:22:03","","83","","1","71","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AMFZKFE2","journalArticle","2004","Jensen, Nathan M.; Wantchekon, Leonard","Resource wealth and political regimes in Africa","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/37/7/816.short","","2004","2014-11-04 23:48:34","2014-11-04 23:49:30","2014-11-04 23:48:34","816–841","","7","37","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2004/Jensen_Wantchekon_2004_(Resource wealth and political regimes in Africa).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AMGS2Q7A","journalArticle","2011","Rudra, Nita; Jensen, Nathan M.","Globalization and the Politics of Natural Resources","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/44/6/639","Much political science scholarship, including important work in this journal, has explored the implications of natural resource endowments— particularly oil and other highly valuable export commodities—on political and economic outcomes. Although the first wave of literature emphasized the negative effects of these resources, more recent work emphasizes how domestic institutions can condition the relationship, sometimes leading to positive effects. In this special issue, the authors expand this literature in two important ways. First, they renew attention on the international dimensions of this relationship, exploring how trade, migration, foreign investment, and other global forces influence the effects these resources have on countries. Second, they link the study of the globalization—natural resources nexus to broader debates in international and comparative political economy, such as how domestic institutions shape the impact of globalization and how economic factors affect the political survival of regimes and individual leaders. The five studies in this collection use a variety of research methodologies (formal models, country case studies, and large-N empirical analyses) to examine several different international economic factors linking resources with politics. The findings provide new insights into the politics of natural resources, expand the traditional focus of the resource curse literature to include other natural resources (e.g., water), and shed light on whether globalization has the ability to improve natural resource governance around the world.","2011","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2012-09-15","639–661","","6","44","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","Democracy; domestic institutions; globalization; natural resources; Resource Curse; water","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AMWWGC8W","journalArticle","2006","Humphreys, M.; Masters, W. A; Sandbu, M. E","The role of leaders in democratic deliberations: results from a field experiment in São Tomé and Príncipe","World Politics","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2014-09-04 18:31:41","","583–622","","04","58","","","The role of leaders in democratic deliberations","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AN755DN8","journalArticle","2012","Fukuyama, Francis","Future of History: Can Liberal Democracy Survive the Decline of the Middle Class, The","Foreign Aff.","","","","http://heinonlinebackup.com/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/fora91§ion=6","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2013-05-13","53","","","91","","","Future of History","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ANFDJJND","journalArticle","2014","Carpenter, Charli; Duygulu, Sirin; Montgomery, Alexander H.; Rapp, Anna","Explaining the Advocacy Agenda: Insights from the Human Security Network","International Organization","","1531-5088","10.1017/S0020818313000453","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0020818313000453","Through a series of focus groups with human security practitioners, we examined how powerful organizations at the center of advocacy networks select issues for attention. Participants emphasized five sets of factors: entrepreneur attributes, adopter attributes, the broader political context, issue attributes, and intranetwork relations. However, the last two were much more consistently invoked by practitioners in their evaluations of specific candidate issues. Scholars of global agenda setting should pay particular attention to how intranetwork relations structure gatekeeper preferences within transnational advocacy spaces because these help constitute perceptions of issues' and actors' attributes in networks.","2014-03","2015-03-25 18:30:27","2015-03-25 18:30:27","2015-03-25 18:30:27","449–470","","02","68","","","Explaining the Advocacy Agenda","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Carpenter et al_2014_(Explaining the Advocacy Agenda).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ANNDGSZP","journalArticle","2002","Lieberman, Robert C.","Ideas, Institutions, and Political Order: Explaining Political Change","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3117505","Institutional approaches to explaining political phenomena suffer from three common limitations: reductionism, reliance on exogenous factors, and excessive emphasis on order and structure. Ideational approaches to political explanation, while often more sensitive to change and agency, largely exhibit the same shortcomings. In particular, both perspectives share an emphasis on discerning and explaining patterns of ordered regularity in politics, making it hard to explain important episodes of political change. Relaxing this emphasis on order and viewing politics as situated in multiple and not necessarily equilibrated order suggests a way of synthesizing institutional and ideational approaches and developing more convincing accounts of political change. In this view, change arises out of ""friction"" among mismatched institutional and ideational patterns. An account of American civil rights policy in the 1960s and 1970s, which is not amenable to either straightforward institutional or ideational explanation, demonstrates the advantages of the approach.","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2012-09-06","697–712","","4","96","","","Ideas, Institutions, and Political Order","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ANW696BR","report","2012","Li, Jia","Robust Estimation and Inference for Jumps in Noisy High Frequency Data: A Local-to-Continuity Theory for the Pre-averaging Method","","","","","https://econ.duke.edu/uploads/media_items/ltc-2011-dec-30-paper.original.pdf","","2012","2013-09-17 10:06:44","2013-09-17 10:06:44","2013-09-17 10:06:44","","","","","","","Robust Estimation and Inference for Jumps in Noisy High Frequency Data","","","","","Working Paper, Duke University","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Quant","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AP5R5ZJC","journalArticle","2015","Roberts, John Michael; Joseph, Jonathan","Beyond Flows, Fluids and Networks: Social Theory and the Fetishism of the Global Informational Economy","New Political Economy","","1356-3467","10.1080/13563467.2013.861413","http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13563467.2013.861413","In this paper we critically explore some of the arguments made by those social theorists who claim that we live in a new global economy defined by informational and technological flows, fluids and networks. By recourse to Marx's concept of fetishism we argue that these theorists often fetishise the very social changes in the global economy they are trying to describe. As a result, they articulate a ‘flat ontology’ of concrete and contingent relations that mistakenly claims to capture the most important dynamics of global capitalism. We reject this approach, preferring instead to see global capitalism as a dialectical flux between concrete and more abstract processes. These critical points are developed by drawing on Marxism to explore how these social theorists often reproduce unhelpful dualisms in social theory, how they fetishise technology, how some of their arguments run parallel to a management justification logic of the market world and finally how they present a limited explanation of global finance.","2015-01-02","2015-01-15 20:41:00","2015-01-15 20:41:00","2015-01-15 20:41:00","1-20","","1","20","","","Beyond Flows, Fluids and Networks","","","","","","","","","","","","Taylor and Francis+NEJM","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AP8SQASS","journalArticle","2002","Acemoglu, D.; Johnson, S.; Robinson, J. A.","Reversal of fortune: Geography and institutions in the making of the modern world income distribution","Quarterly Journal of Economics","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w8460","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2012-08-09","","","","","","","Reversal of fortune","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "APH3XMTA","journalArticle","2015","Engelmann, Claudia","Case Studies and Causal Inference: An Integrative Framework, by A1 - I. Rohlfing (Basingstoke: PB - Palgrave Macmillan , 2012, ISBN 9780230240704); xiii+257pp., £57.50 pb.","JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies","","1468-5965","10.1111/jcms.12210_4","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jcms.12210_4/abstract","","2015","2015-01-15 20:39:06","2015-01-15 20:39:06","2015-01-15 20:39:06","176-176","","1","53","","J Common Mark Stud","Case Studies and Causal Inference","","","","","","","en","© 2014 The Author(s) JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Engelmann_2015_(Case Studies and Causal Inference).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "APVCSFUS","book","2005","Hedlund, Stefan","Russian path dependence","","0415354005","","","","","2005","2012-05-09 22:19:54","2014-09-04 20:23:43","2012-05-09 22:19:54","","","","","","","","","","","","Routledge","New York","","","","","","search8.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Russia (Federation) – Economic policy\textbary1991-; Russia – History.","Russia (Federation) -- Economic policy|y1991-; Russia -- History.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "APVUGUZS","book","1996","Ball, Nicole; Halevy, Tammy","Making peace work: The role of the international development community","","","","","","","1996","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","","","","","18","","","","","","","","Overseas Development Council Washington, DC","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AQ9B4TMR","report","2013","Kahler, Miles","Rising Powers and Alternative Modes of Global Governance","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2300097","For the largest emerging economies—Brazil, India, and China (the BICs)—efforts to expand their influence in global governance have centered on key formal institutions, such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) or the World Trade Organization (WTO). Less attention has been given to the rapid growth of alternative modes of global governance that deviate from the traditional model of intergovernmental organizations (IGOs). BIC participation in and influence over four alternative modes are considered: informal groups of governments that produce soft law; informal governance structures within existing IGOs; networked governance in the form of transgovernmental networks (TGNs); and hybrid alternatives that include non-state actors, particularly non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Investigation of the logic of BIC participation in these alternative institutions produces three tentative conclusions, supported by illustrative rather than conclusive evidence. The rise of these new powers has coincided with the expansion of alternative modes of global governance, but parallel emergence has not meant alignment or promotion. Only the first of these alternative modes, state-centered production of soft law within ad hoc or informal groups of governments, coincides closely with the preferences of the rising powers. Overall, the governments of these newly influential powers have been conservative in their preference for intergovernmental organizations. Second, in confronting the new landscape of alternatives to intergovernmental organizations, the BICs have found that incumbent powers are often entrenched as deeply as they are in peak IGOs. Finally, the ability of the rising powers to expand their influence in these new forums will accelerate or decelerate depending on domestic political and economic resources that they bring to these new sites of global governance. Brazil, India, and China vary in the resource endowments that their domestic political configurations provide for this purpose.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2013-09-03","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","","","","","","","Brazil; China; emerging economies; global governance; India; networks; NGOs; transgovernmental networks","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2300097","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AQPJMB7A","journalArticle","2006","Hankla, Charles R.","Party Strength and International Trade A Cross-National Analysis","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/39/9/1133","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2012-11-17","1133–1156","","9","39","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AQU6HFEE","journalArticle","2007","Houghton, David Patrick","Reinvigorating the Study of Foreign Policy Decision Making: Toward a Constructivist Approach","Foreign Policy Analysis","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","","24–45","","1","3","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AR5NXVHS","journalArticle","2006","Mehlum, Halvor; Moene, Karl; Torvik, Ragnar","Cursed by resources or institutions?","The World Economy","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-9701.2006.00808.x/full","","2006","2015-07-16 09:35:32","2015-07-16 09:35:32","2015-07-16 09:35:32","1117–1131","","8","29","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2006/Mehlum et al_2006_(Cursed by resources or institutions).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AR8KNZ7D","magazineArticle","2014","","State capitalism in the dock","The Economist","","0013-0613","","http://www.economist.com/news/business/21633831-performance-state-owned-enterprises-has-been-shockingly-bad-state-capitalism-dock","The performance of state-owned enterprises has been shockingly bad","2014-11-22","2014-12-14 04:53:23","2014-12-14 04:53:23","2014-12-14 04:53:23","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","The Economist","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ARBFN53A","journalArticle","2007","Olken, B. A.","Monitoring corruption: evidence from a field experiment in Indonesia","Journal of Political Economy","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w11753","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2012-08-09","","","2","115","","","Monitoring corruption","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ARFKDDDC","journalArticle","1984","Mayer, Wolfgang","Endogenous Tariff Formation","The American Economic Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/556","","1984","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2012-05-19","970–985","","5","74","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ARNZ9Z2G","report","2013","Lake, David A.; Lindsey, David","Moral Foundations and Individual-Level Foreign Policy Preferences","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2299839","Individuals clearly differ in their foreign policy preferences. Some support higher defense spending and more aggressive stances toward other countries, others oppose the use of force except in the most extreme circumstances. Some prefer working through multi- lateral institutions, others believe it is necessary to maintain full freedom of action on all foreign policy issues. Social psychology posits that individuals hold varying moral foundations, which they group in five dimensions of care/harm, fairness/cheating, loyalty/betrayal, authority/submission, and sanctity/degradation. Liberals tend to emphasis care/harm and fair- ness/cheating disproportionately, while conservatives appear to weight each foundation more equally. Drawing on this work, we first replicate the association between the moral foundations and political identity and domestic policy preferences. We then extend this research to foreign policy issues, finding significant relationships between moral foundations and attitudes on a variety of policy questions. We also conduct two survey experiments that prime respondents with different moral foundations and find no significant effect on attitudes. We postulate that moral concerns are already salient in the minds of respondents when they answer questions about foreign policy.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2013-09-03","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","","","","","","","Foreign policy; moral foundations; public opinion","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2299839","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ASKH6TZM","journalArticle","2001","Le Billon, P.","The political ecology of war: natural resources and armed conflicts","Political Geography","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0962629801000154","","2001","2012-09-21 15:45:51","2014-09-04 20:24:45","2012-09-21 15:45:51","561–584","","5","20","","","The political ecology of war","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ASM8UDI8","webpage","2014","Lopez, Linette","Brazil's Massive State-Owned Oil Company Has Become A National Nightmare","Business Insider","","","","http://www.businessinsider.com/petrobras-is-brazils-shame-2014-11","The corruption reaches all the way to the top.","2014-11-18","2014-12-14 04:47:28","2014-12-14 16:16:00","2014-12-14 04:47:28","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ASRV66N3","journalArticle","1986","Tversky, A.; Kahneman, D.","Rational choice and the framing of decisions","Journal of Business","","","","","","1986","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2015-06-07 04:42:21","","251–278","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ASV3KRZ9","newspaperArticle","2007","Hoyos, Carola","The new Seven Sisters: oil and gas giants dwarf western rivals","Financial Times","","0307-1766","","http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/471ae1b8-d001-11db-94cb-000b5df10621.html#axzz3d4VCIAGE","When an angry Enrico Mattei coined the phrase “the seven sisters” to describe the Anglo-Saxon companies that controlled the Middle East’s oil after the second world war, the founder of Italy’s modern energy industry could not have imagined the","2007-03-12","2015-06-14 20:50:22","2015-06-14 20:50:22","2015-06-14 20:50:22","","","","","","","The new Seven Sisters","","","","","","","","","","","","Financial Times","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/4JENAVJT/471ae1b8-d001-11db-94cb-000b5df10621.html","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ASV5JXGM","journalArticle","2005","Saiegh, Sebastian M.","Do Countries Have a “Democratic Advantage”? Political Institutions, Multilateral Agencies, and Sovereign Borrowing","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/38/4/366","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2013-03-19","366–387","","4","38","","","Do Countries Have a “Democratic Advantage”?","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ASVQKWSV","journalArticle","2015","Mumford, Andrew","Parallels, prescience and the past: Analogical reasoning and contemporary","International Politics","","1384-5748","10.1057/ip.2014.40","http://www.palgrave-journals.com/ip/journal/v52/n1/full/ip201440a.html","Analogical reasoning has held a perpetual appeal to policymakers who have often drafted in historical metaphor as a mode of informing decision making. However, this article contends that since the beginning of the ‘War on Terror’, we have arguably seen the rise of a more potent form of analogy, namely ones that are selected because they fulfil an ideological function. Analogical reasoning as a tool of rational decision making has increasingly become replaced by analogical reasoning as a tool of trenchant ideologically informed policy justification. This article addresses three key areas that map out the importance of analogical reasoning to an understanding of developments in contemporary international politics: the relationship between history and politics, in intellectual and policy terms; a critical assessment of the appeal that analogical reasoning holds for policymakers; and the development of a rationale for a more effective use of history in international public policy making.","2015-01","2015-01-15 20:31:58","2015-01-15 20:31:58","2015-01-15 20:31:58","1-19","","1","52","","Int Polit","Parallels, prescience and the past","","","","","","","en","","","","","www.palgrave-journals.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Mumford_2015_(Parallels, prescience and the past).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AT9385R7","journalArticle","2014","Watts, Duncan J.","Common Sense and Sociological Explanations","American Journal of Sociology","","00029602, 15375390","10.1086/678271","http://www.jstor.org/stable/info/10.1086/678271","","2014-09","2015-02-23 19:07:33","2015-02-23 19:07:43","2015-02-23 19:07:33","313-351","","2","120","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Watts_2014_(Common Sense and Sociological Explanations).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ATE56R9N","book","2000","Gigerenzer, Gerd","Adaptive Thinking: Rationality in the Real World","","9780195136227","","","","Where do new ideas come from? What is social intelligence? Why do social scientists perform mindless statistical rituals? This vital book is about rethinking rationality as adaptive thinking: to understand how minds cope with their environments, both ecological and social. Gerd Gigerenzer proposes and illustrates a bold new research program that investigates the psychology of rationality, introducing the concepts of ecological, bounded, and social rationality. His path-breaking collection takes research on thinking, social intelligence, creativity, and decision-making out of an ethereal world where the laws of logic and probability reign, and places it into our real world of human behavior and interaction. Adaptive Thinking is accessibly written for general readers with an interest in psychology, cognitive science, economics, sociology, philosophy, artificial intelligence, and animal behavior. It also teaches a practical audience, such as physicians, AIDS counselors, and experts in criminal law, how to understand and communicate uncertainties and risks.","2000","2015-04-18 00:19:03","2015-04-18 00:19:03","","","368","","","","","Adaptive Thinking","","","","","Oxford University Press","","en","","","","","Google Books","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ATZDB5EQ","journalArticle","2013","Reus-Smit, Christian","Beyond metatheory?","European Journal of International Relations","","1354-0661, 1460-3713","10.1177/1354066113495479","http://ejt.sagepub.com/content/19/3/589","Metatheory is out of fashion. If theory has a purpose, we are told, that purpose is the generation of practically relevant knowledge. Metatheoretical inquiry and debate contribute little to such knowledge and are best bracketed, left aside for the philosophers. This article challenges this all-too-common line of reasoning. First, one can bracket metatheoretical inquiry, but this does not free one’s work, theoretical or otherwise, of metatheoretical assumptions. Second, our metatheoretical assumptions affect the kind of practically relevant knowledge we can produce. If our goal is the generation of such knowledge, understanding how our metatheoretical assumptions enable or constrain this objective is essential. Today, the most sustained articulation of the ‘bracket metatheory thesis’ is provided by analytical eclecticists, who call on the field to leave behind metatheoretical debate, concentrate on concrete puzzles and problematics, and draw selectively on insights from diverse research traditions to fashion middle-range theoretical explanations. Yet by forgoing metatheoretical reflection, analytical eclecticists fail to see how their project is deeply structured by epistemological and ontological assumptions, making it an exclusively empirical-theoretic project with distinctive ontological content. This metatheoretical framing significantly impedes the kind of practically relevant knowledge eclecticist research can generate. Practical knowledge, as both Aristotle and Kant understood, is knowledge that can address basic questions of political action — how should I, we, or they act? Empirical-theoretic insights alone cannot provide such knowledge; it has to be integrated with normative forms of reasoning. As presently conceived, however, analytical eclecticism cannot accommodate such reasoning. If the generation of practical knowledge is one of the field’s ambitions, greater metatheoretical reflection and a more expansive and ambitious form of eclecticism are required.","2013-09-01","2013-09-06 11:14:57","2013-09-06 11:14:57","2013-09-06 11:14:57","589-608","","3","19","","European Journal of International Relations","","","","","","","","en","","","","","ejt.sagepub.com","","","","","","","analytical eclecticism; international relations theory; metatheory; practical knowledge","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AUC7ETKH","book","1999","Oxley, Joanne","Governance of International Strategic Alliances: Technology and Transaction Costs","","9781135126735","","","","International joint ventures and strategic alliances built on recent theoretical developments in Transaction Costs Economics (TCE) and the factors influencing the formation and governance of these alliances are examined in this analytical text. By bringing rigorous empirical analysis to an arena which has largely been pursued through speculative and theoretical approaches, this book will prove to be an insightful contribution to international business, strategy, and economics.","1999","2014-11-04 21:09:18","2014-11-04 21:09:39","","","146","","","","","Governance of International Strategic Alliances","","","","","Routledge","New York","en","","","","","Google Books","","","","","http://books.google.com/books?id=7CLtRQYInnYC","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AUCZ8HWC","book","1996","Williamson, Oliver E.","The mechanisms of governance","","","","","http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=meERBVysP6YC&oi=fnd&pg=PA3&dq=williamson+1996+the+mechanisms+of+governance&ots=0sVQk2k3aA&sig=aeBMzMPbGTOXyaVhP8uMI1xBVBo","","1996","2014-11-04 21:07:18","2014-11-04 21:07:28","2014-11-04 21:07:18","","","","","","","","","","","","Oxford University Press","New York","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AUG7MJ28","journalArticle","1995","Knack, Stephen; Keefer, Philip","Institutions and economic performance: Cross-country tests using alternative institutional measures","Economics & Politics","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-0343.1995.tb00111.x/abstract","","1995","2014-11-04 21:06:41","2014-11-04 21:06:41","2014-11-04 21:06:41","207–227","","3","7","","","Institutions and economic performance","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1995/Knack_Keefer_1995_(Institutions and economic performance).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AUZQVHZ8","journalArticle","2013","Olea, José Luis Montiel; Pflueger, Carolin","A Robust Test for Weak Instruments","Journal of Business & Economic Statistics","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00401706.2013.806694","","2013","2014-09-29 02:15:06","2014-09-29 02:15:06","2014-09-29 02:15:06","358–369","","3","31","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Olea_Pflueger_2013_(A Robust Test for Weak Instruments).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AVDNP4JK","journalArticle","2012","Low, Jo En","State-controlled entities as ""investors"" under international investment agreements","","","","","http://academiccommons.columbia.edu/catalog/ac:154024","A review of the definition of ""investor"" and investor-state dispute resolution clauses in 851 international investment agreements (IIAs) reveals that, except in two cases, state-controlled entities (SCEs) (including sovereign wealth funds and state-owned enterprises) have equivalent standing to their purely private counterparts as ""investors"" under such IIAs. This article highlights the various ways in which SCEs are covered under the definition of ""investor"".","2012","2014-11-13 14:52:33","2014-11-13 14:52:33","2014-11-13 14:52:33","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","academiccommons.columbia.edu","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Low_2012_(State-controlled entities as investors under international investment).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AVG5WAHZ","journalArticle","1988","Calmfors, Lars; Driffill, John; Honkapohja, Seppo; Giavazzi, Francesco","Bargaining Structure, Corporatism and Macroeconomic Performance","Economic Policy","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1344503","The structure of labour markets is increasingly perceived as a determinant of the macroeconomic performance of a country. This article focuses on one aspect of labour markets, the degree of centralization of wage setting. The main conclusion is that extremes work best. Either highly centralized systems with national bargaining (such as in Austria and the Nordic countries), or highly decentralized systems with wage setting at the level of individual firms (such as in Japan, Switzerland and the US) seem to perform well. The worst outcomes with respect to employment may well be found in systems with an intermediate degree of centralization (such as in Belgium and the Netherlands). This conclusion is reasonably well supported by the available empirical evidence. It is also logical. Indeed, large and all-encompassing trade unions naturally recognize their market power and take into account both the inflationary and unemployment effects of wage increases. Conversely, unions operating at the individual firm or plant level have very limited market power. In intermediate cases, unions can exert some market power but are led to ignore the macroeconomic implications of their actions. These conclusions challenge the conventional wisdom which asserts that the more 'corporatist' is an economy, the better is its economic performance.","1988","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2012-05-18","14–61","","6","3","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AVUPJFSA","book","2012","U.S. Geological Survey","Minerals Yearbook: Area Reports International Review 2010 Africa and the Middle East","","9781411331747","","","","The Minerals Yearbook is an annual publication that reviews the mineral and material industries of the United States and foreign countries. The Yearbook contains statistical data on materials and minerals and includes information on economic and technical trends and development. The Minerals Yearbook includes chapters on approximately 90 commodities and over 175 countries. This volume of the Minerals Yearbook provides an annual review of mineral production and trade and of mineral-related government and industry developments in more than 175 foreign countries. Each report includes sections on government policies and programs, environmental issues, trade and production data, industry structure and ownership, commodity sector developments, infrastructure, and a summary outlook.","2012-11-13","2015-02-27 16:13:15","2015-12-09 00:58:35","","","404","","","","","Minerals Yearbook","","","","","Government Printing Office","","en","","","","","Google Books","","","","","https://books.google.com/books?id=ugzj7nMxKi0C","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AW2PKD6S","journalArticle","2003","Fearon, James D.","Ethnic and cultural diversity by country*","Journal of Economic Growth","","","","http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A%3A1024419522867","","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2013-05-13","195–222","","2","8","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AWVCXJZF","book","1985","Cowhey, Peter F.","The problems of plenty: energy policy and international politics","","0520046935","","","","","1985","2013-10-10 12:29:56","2014-11-22 22:15:27","","","447","","","","","The problems of plenty","Science, technology, and the changing world order","","","","University of California Press","Berkeley","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD9560.6 .C68 1985","","","","","Energy","1945-1989; Energy industries; Foreign relations; International economic relations; Petroleum industry and trade; Political aspects; United States; World politics","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AX6F6REZ","journalArticle","2007","Kahneman, Daniel; Renshon, Jonathan","Why Hawks Win","Foreign Policy","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/25462124","Why are hawks so influential? The answer may lie deep in the human mind. People have dozens of decision-making biases, and almost all favor conflict rather than concession. A look at why the tough guys win more than they should.","2007","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2012-08-30","34–38","","158","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AXB9TA5M","journalArticle","2015","Fernández-Albertos, José","The Politics of Central Bank Independence","Annual Review of Political Science","","","10.1146/annurev-polisci-071112-221121","http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-071112-221121","This article reviews recent contributions addressing the following questions: Under what circumstances is monetary policy delegated to politically independent central banks? What effects do these politically independent institutions have, and how do they interact with their macroeconomic institutional environment? What explains the variation in their behavior? And finally, to what extent has the recent economic crisis altered the role of these institutions? In answering these questions, this article advances two arguments. First, even though central banks' activities involve a great deal of technical knowledge, they are unavoidably political institutions: They make distributional choices informed by ideas, preferences, and the political context in which they operate. Second, the economic crisis, by expanding the type of activities that monetary authorities undertake, further contributes to the politicization of these institutions. The final section of the article speculates about the implications of these developments for economic policy making in contemporary democracies.","2015","2015-05-21 12:56:20","2015-05-21 12:56:20","2015-05-21 12:56:20","217-237","","1","18","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Fernandez-Albertos_2015_(The Politics of Central Bank Independence).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AZC4IA9X","journalArticle","2011","Vivoda, Vlado","Bargaining Model for the International Oil Industry","Business and Politics","","","","http://www.degruyter.com/dg/viewarticle.fullcontentlink:pdfeventlink/contentUri?format=INT&t:ac=j$002fbap.2011.13.issue-4$002f1469-3569.1384$002f1469-3569.1384.xml","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2014-11-08 12:50:24","2012-10-04","3","","4","13","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Vivoda_2011_(Bargaining Model for the International Oil Industry).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AZFIFV5M","report","2012","Callaghan, Helen","Economic nationalism, network-based coordination, and the market for corporate control: Motives for political resistance to foreign takeovers","","","","","http://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/67720","","2012","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2013-03-15","","","","","","","Economic nationalism, network-based coordination, and the market for corporate control","","","","","MPIfG Discussion Paper","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AZHMBN4S","journalArticle","2002","Gelman, Andrew; Pasarica, Cristian; Dodhia, Rahul","Let's Practice What We Preach: Turning Tables into Graphs","The American Statistician","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3087382","Statisticians recommend graphical displays but often use tables to present their own research results. Could graphs do better? We study the question by going through the tables in a recent issue of the Journal of the American Statistical Association. We show how it is possible to improve the presentations using graphs that actually take up less space than the original tables. We find a particularly effective tool to be multiple repeated line plots, with comparisons of interest connected by lines and separate comparisons isolated on different plots.","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","","121–130","","2","56","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2002 American Statistical Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AZN3AFPM","journalArticle","2007","Higgott, Richard; Watson, Matthew","All at sea in a barbed wire canoe: Professor Cohen's transatlantic voyage in IPE","Review of International Political Economy","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09692290701751241","ABSTRACT The following article is written as a sympathetic critique of Benjamin Cohen's recent identification in RIPE of incommensurable traditions of American and British IPE. It is also designed to engender further debate within the subject field on this most central of issues. Our argument is that scholars should beware the rigid terms in which Cohen identifies IPE's transatlantic divide, because simply by naming his two camps as polar opposites the invitation is open to others to entrench such an opposition in their own work. This would be regrettable enough had IPE already lapsed into the geographical division that Cohen describes. It is made more regrettable still by the fact that this is in any case an inaccurate account of the field which serves to marginalise much of the work that is currently at its cutting edge.","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2014-09-04 18:31:31","","1–17","","1","15","","","All at sea in a barbed wire canoe","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "AZWWRHVS","journalArticle","2008","Hellwig, T.","Globalization, policy constraints, and vote choice","The Journal of Politics","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","","1128–41","","4","70","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B25F2U2Z","journalArticle","2009","Laur, Richard R.; Heldman, Caroline","Self-Interest, Symbolic Attitudes, and Support for Public Policy: A Multilevel Analysis","Political Psychology","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","","513–537","","4","30","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B25HEP6X","bookSection","2001","Rodriguez, F.; Rodrik, D.","Trade policy and economic growth: a skeptic's guide to the cross-national evidence","NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2000, Volume 15","","","","http://www.nber.org/chapters/c11058.pdf","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2012-11-07","261–338","","","","","","Trade policy and economic growth","","","","","MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B2BB2TJT","journalArticle","2013","Evans, Martin","Global Imbalances, Risk, and the Great Recession","","","","","http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/52363/","","2013","2014-10-15 22:28:46","2014-10-15 22:28:46","2014-10-15 22:28:46","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Evans_2013_(Global Imbalances, Risk, and the Great Recession).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B35A7PVC","journalArticle","2000","Cha, V. D.","Abandonment, Entrapment, and Neoclassical Realism in Asia: The United States, Japan, and Korea","International Studies Quarterly","","","","","","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","","261–291","","2","44","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B39XK3U5","journalArticle","2012","Hyde, Susan D.; Marinov, Nikolay","Which Elections Can Be Lost?","Political Analysis","","","","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/content/20/2/191","The concept of electoral competition is relevant to a variety of research agendas in political science, yet the question of how to measure electoral competition has received little direct attention. We revisit the distinction proposed by Giovanni Sartori between competition as a structure or rule of the game and competitiveness as an outcome of that game and argue that to understand which elections can be lost (and therefore when parties and leaders are potentially threatened by electoral accountability), scholars may be better off considering the full range of elections where competition is allowed. We provide a data set of all national elections between 1945 and 2006 and a measure of whether each election event is structured such that the competition is possible. We outline the pitfalls of other measures used by scholars to define the potential for electoral competition and show that such methods can lead to biased or incomplete findings. The new global data on elections and the minimal conditions necessary for electoral competition are introduced, followed by an empirical illustration of the differences between the proposed measure of competition and existing methods used to infer the existence of competition.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2013-04-22","191–210","","2","20","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B3AD32WC","journalArticle","2014","Milner, Helen V.","Introduction: The Global Economy, FDI, and the Regime for Investment","World Politics","","0043-8871, 1086-3338","10.1017/S0043887113000300","http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0043887113000300","","2014-01","2014-09-04 20:32:07","2014-09-04 20:32:07","2014-09-04 20:32:07","1-11","","01","66","","","Introduction","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Milner_2014_(Introduction).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B3HGPGQN","journalArticle","1997","Berman, Sheri","Civil Society and the Collapse of the Weimar Republic","World Politics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/25054008","Practically everywhere one looks these days the concept of ""civil society"" is in vogue. Neo-Tocquevillean scholars argue that civil society plays a role in driving political, social, and even economic outcomes. This new conventional wisdom, however, is flawed. It is simply not true that democratic government is always strengthened, not weakened, when it faces a vigorous civil society. This essay shows how a robust civil society helped scuttle the twentieth century's most critical democratic experiment, Weimar Germany. An important implication of this analysis is that under certain circumstances associationism and the prospects for democratic stability can actually be inversely related. To know when civil society activity will take on oppositional or even antidemocratic tendencies, one needs to ground one's analyses in concrete examinations of political reality. Political scientists should remember that Tocqueville considered Americans' political associations to be as important as their nonpolitical ones, and they should therefore examine more closely the connections between the two under various conditions.","1997","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2012-09-06","401–429","","3","49","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B3SFQG5A","book","1999","Herda, Ellen A.","Research conversations and narrative : a critical hermeneutic orientation in participatory inquiry","","0275961052","","","","","1999","2012-05-09 15:01:18","2014-09-04 20:23:49","","","","","","","","Research conversations and narrative","","","","","Praeger","Westport, Conn.","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Group problem solving.; Organization.; Social sciences – Research.","Group problem solving.; Organization.; Social sciences -- Research.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B3WK6GAC","journalArticle","1999","Henisz, Witold J.; Williamson, Oliver E.","Comparative economic organization—within and between countries","Business and Politics","","","","http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/bap.1999.1.issue-3/bap.1999.1.3.261/bap.1999.1.3.261.xml","","1999","2014-11-04 21:12:16","2014-11-04 21:12:16","2014-11-04 21:12:16","261–278","","3","1","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B49CKEIZ","journalArticle","2005","Kwon, H.","Transforming the developmental welfare state in East Asia","Development and Change","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0012-155X.2005.00420.x/abstract","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2012-08-09","477–497","","3","36","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B4F6ANXB","journalArticle","1996","Simmons, Beth A.","Rulers of the Game: Central Bank Independence During the Interwar Years","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2704031","Central bank independence is associated with restrictive monetary choices that can be deflationary within fixed exchange-rate regimes. Because central banks act to counteract domestic inflation, they put a premium on domestic price stability at the expense of international monetary stability. Evidence from fifteen countries between 1925 and 1938 shows that the more independent central banks took more deflationary policies than were necessary for external adjustment. Central banks in general were more restrictive under left-wing governments than they were under more conservative regimes and often were more restrictive than required for external equilibration. This suggests that policies of independent central banks designed to enhance domestic price stability may force deflationary pressures onto other states in the system and potentially destabilize a fixed exchange-rate regime.","1996","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2012-05-06","407–443","","3","50","","","Rulers of the Game","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B4H3R7QC","journalArticle","2006","Nooruddin, Irfan; Simmons, Joel W","The politics of hard choices: IMF programs and government spending","International Organization","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:40:31","","1001–1033","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B4R5RM2C","book","2004","Legvold, Robert.; Wallander, Celeste A.","Swords and sustenance : the economics of security in Belarus and Ukraine","","0262122642","","","","","2004","2012-05-08 20:02:53","2014-09-04 20:24:48","","","","","","","","Swords and sustenance","","","","","MIT Press","Cambridge, MA","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Belarus – Economic policy\textbary1991-\textbarvCongresses.; Belarus – Foreign relations\textbary1991-\textbarvCongresses.; National security – Economic aspects\textbarzBelarus\textbarvCongresses.; National security – Economic aspects\textbarzUkraine\textbarvCongresses.; Ukraine – Economic policy\textbary1991-\textbarvCongresses.; Ukraine – Foreign relations\textbary1991-\textbarvCongresses.","Belarus -- Economic policy|y1991-|vCongresses.; Belarus -- Foreign relations|y1991-|vCongresses.; National security -- Economic aspects|zBelarus|vCongresses.; National security -- Economic aspects|zUkraine|vCongresses.; Ukraine -- Economic policy|y1991-|vCongresses.; Ukraine -- Foreign relations|y1991-|vCongresses.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B4Z39726","journalArticle","2002","Woliver, L. R.","Ethical dilemmas in personal interviewing","PS: Political Science & Politics","","","","","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-09-04 18:31:35","","677–678","","04","35","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B587CVZ7","journalArticle","2011","Eller, Stacy L.; Hartley, Peter R.; Medlock III, Kenneth B.","Empirical evidence on the operational efficiency of National Oil Companies","Empirical Economics","","","","http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00181-010-0349-8","","2011","2014-09-24 22:24:04","2014-09-24 22:24:04","2014-09-24 22:24:04","623–643","","3","40","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Eller et al_2011_(Empirical evidence on the operational efficiency of National Oil Companies).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B5G3T6A9","journalArticle","2015","Greene, David L.; Liu, Changzheng","U.S. oil dependence 2014: Is energy independence in sight?","Energy Policy","","0301-4215","10.1016/j.enpol.2015.05.017","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421515002104","The importance of reducing U.S. oil dependence may have changed in light of developments in the world oil market over the past two decades. Since 2005, increased domestic production and decreased oil use have cut U.S. import dependence in half. The direct costs of oil dependence to the U.S. economy are estimated under four U.S. Energy Information Administration Scenarios to 2040. The key premises of the analysis are that the primary oil market failure is the use of market power by OPEC and that U.S. economic vulnerability is a result of the quantity of oil consumed, the lack of readily available, economical substitutes and the quantity of oil imported. Monte Carlo simulations of future oil market conditions indicate that the costs of U.S. oil dependence are likely to increase in constant dollars but decrease relative to U.S. gross domestic product unless oil resources are larger than estimated by the U.S. Energy Information Administration. Reducing oil dependence therefore remains a valuable goal for U.S. energy policy and an important co-benefit of mitigating greenhouse gas emissions.","2015-10","2015-06-12 21:57:10","2015-06-12 21:57:10","2015-06-12 21:57:10","126-137","","","85","","Energy Policy","U.S. oil dependence 2014","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B5U3MG68","webpage","2014","Busch, Michael","Flacks, Profiteers and The Secret World of Oil – The Los Angeles...","The Los Angeles Review of Books","","","","http://lareviewofbooks.org/interview/flacks-profiteers-secret-world-oil/","FIXERS, FLACKS, THUGS and LOBBYISTS: essential ingredients to the maintenance and success of the international oil industry. All manner of services are provided by middlemen and power brokers. They make sure deals get done, interests are promoted, and that the oil keeps flowing without concern...","2014-07-27","2014-12-13 17:57:22","2014-12-13 17:57:47","2014-12-13 17:57:22","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B5UZF5BA","book","1998","Loehlin, John C.","Latent variable models: An introduction to factor, path, and structural analysis .","","","","","http://psycnet.apa.org.proxy.library.georgetown.edu/psycinfo/1998-07069-000","","1998","2014-09-29 02:21:14","2014-09-29 02:21:14","2014-09-29 02:21:14","","","","","","","Latent variable models","","","","","Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B65WP4EU","journalArticle","2007","Cusack, T. R.; Iversen, T.; Soskice, D.","Economic interests and the origins of electoral systems","American Political Science Review","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/production/action/cjoGetFulltext?fulltextid=1223960","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2012-08-09","373","","3","101","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B68CX34A","journalArticle","2014","Aggarwal, Vinod K.; Evenett, Simon J.","Do WTO rules preclude industrial policy? Evidence from the global economic crisis","Business and Politics","","1469-3569, 1369-5258","10.1515/bap-2014-0040","http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/bap.2014.16.issue-4/bap-2014-0040/bap-2014-0040.xml","","2014-01-01","2015-05-06 10:49:33","2015-05-06 10:49:33","2015-05-06 10:49:33","","","4","16","","","Do WTO rules preclude industrial policy?","","","","","","","","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Aggarwal_Evenett_2014_(Do WTO rules preclude industrial policy)2.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B6G89CNE","journalArticle","2006","Page, Scott E.","Path Dependence","Quarterly Journal of Political Science","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","","87–115","","1","1","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B6QCJ9PI","journalArticle","2010","Hertog, Steffen","The sociology of the Gulf Rentier systems: Societies of intermediaries","Comparative Studies in Society and History","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0010417510000058","","2010","2015-07-16 09:44:31","2015-07-16 09:44:31","2015-07-16 09:44:31","282–318","","02","52","","","The sociology of the Gulf Rentier systems","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Hertog_2010_(The sociology of the Gulf Rentier systems).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B6QXJ3HF","journalArticle","1997","Usui, Norio","Dutch disease and policy adjustments to the oil boom: a comparative study of Indonesia and Mexico","Resources policy","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301420797000238","","1997","2015-05-05 10:25:07","2015-05-05 10:25:07","2015-05-05 10:25:07","151–162","","4","23","","","Dutch disease and policy adjustments to the oil boom","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1997/Usui_1997_(Dutch disease and policy adjustments to the oil boom).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B6RJ7GBG","journalArticle","2012","Haber, Stephen; Menaldo, Victor","Rainfall, Human Capital, and Democracy","Stanford University: Working Paper","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1667332","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2015-01-14 20:36:27","2012-08-09","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B79R2E6A","journalArticle","2008","Jessop, Bob; Oosterlynck, Stijn","Cultural political economy: On making the cultural turn without falling into soft economic sociology","Geoforum","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016718507000097","This article explores the implications of making the cultural turn in the engagement of economic and political geography with issues of political economy. It seeks to steer a path between a fetishistic, reified economics that naturalizes economic categories and a soft economic sociology that focuses on the similarities between economic and other socio-cultural activities at the expense of the specificity of the economic. We show how combining critical semiotic analysis with an evolutionary and institutional approach to political economy offers one interesting way to achieve this goal. An evolutionary and institutional approach to semiosis enables us to recognize the semiotic dimensions of political economy at the same time as establishing how and why only some economic imaginaries among the many that circulate actually come to be selected and institutionalized; and Marxian political economy enables us to identify the contradictions and conflicts that make capital accumulation inherently improbable and crisis-prone, creating the space for economic imaginaries to play a role in stabilizing accumulation in specific spatio-temporal fixes and/or pointing the way forward from recurrent crises. The paper illustrates these arguments with a case study on the Flemish `anchoring strategy' as a specific regional economic development strategy. It concludes with a set of guidelines for the further development of cultural political economy.","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2012-09-20","1155–1169","","3","39","","","Rethinking Economy Agro-food activism in California and the politics of the possible Culture, nature and landscape in the Australian region","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Accumulation strategy; Belgium; Critical discourse analysis; Cultural political economy; hegemony; Nationalism; Regionalization; Semiosis; State project","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B7S2WZFE","journalArticle","2009","Glenn, John","Realism versus Strategic Culture: Competition and Collaboration?","International Studies Review","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","","523–551","","3","11","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B7SF5KBW","journalArticle","2007","Butler, Christopher K.","Prospect Theory and Coercive Bargaining","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/51/2/227","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2013-03-19","227–250","","2","51","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B7Z8IMZJ","report","1994","Alesina, A.; Perotti, R.","The welfare state and competitiveness","","","","","","","1994","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","","","","","","","","","","","","","National Bureau of Economic Research","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B8BAH3N2","journalArticle","2009","Cox, Robert","The ‘British School’ in the Global Context","New Political Economy","","1356-3467","10.1080/13563460903087441","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13563460903087441","","2009","2012-05-06 19:11:44","2012-05-06 19:11:44","","315-328","","3","14","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Taylor&Francis","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B8HFSBRD","report","2010","Hafner, Manfred; Bigano, Andrea","Russia-Ukraine-Europe gas crisis of January 2009: causes, lessons learned, and strategies for Europe","","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","","","","","","","","","","","","","Fonsazione Eni Enrico Mattei","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","January","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B8PN42JZ","journalArticle","2002","Cha, V. D.","Korea's Place in the Axis","Foreign Aff.","","","","","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2014-09-04 18:31:59","","79","","","81","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B8VZM99B","journalArticle","2004","Walker, Stephen G.","Leaders and the Logic of Political Survival","International Studies Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3699711","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2012-10-23","486–488","","3","6","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2004 The International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B9KCFJ6E","journalArticle","1996","Epstein, David; O'Halloran, Sharyn","Divided government and the design of administrative procedures: A formal model and empirical test","The Journal of Politics","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0022381600044194","","1996","2015-03-18 02:45:28","2015-03-18 02:46:29","2015-03-18 02:45:28","373–397","","02","58","","","Divided government and the design of administrative procedures","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1996/Epstein_O'halloran_1996_(Divided government and the design of administrative procedures).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "B9U7PZVR","journalArticle","2011","Kocher, Matthew Adam; Pepinsky, Thomas B.; Kalyvas, Stathis N.","Aerial Bombing and Counterinsurgency in the Vietnam War","American Journal of Political Science","","1540-5907","10.1111/j.1540-5907.2010.00498.x","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2010.00498.x/abstract","Aerial bombardment has been an important component of counterinsurgency practice since shortly after it became a viable military technology in the early twentieth century. Due to the nature of insurgency, bombing frequently occurs in and around settled areas, and consequently it tends to generate many civilian casualties. However, the effectiveness of bombing civilian areas as a military tactic remains disputed. Using data disaggregated to the level of the smallest population unit and measured at multiple points in time, this article examines the effect of aerial bombardment on the pattern of local control in the Vietnam War. A variety of estimation methods, including instrumental variables and genetic matching, show that bombing civilians systematically shifted control in favor of the Viet Cong insurgents.","2011-04-01","2014-09-29 19:53:28","2014-09-29 19:53:28","2014-09-29 19:53:28","201-218","","2","55","","","","","","","","","","en","©2011, Midwest Political Science Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BABUU2UC","book","1998","Schecter, Jerrold L.","Russian negotiating behavior : continuity and transition","","187837978X","","","","","1998","2012-05-08 20:13:52","2014-09-04 20:26:16","","","","","","","","Russian negotiating behavior","","","","","United States Insitute of Peace Press","Washington, D.C.","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Negotiation.; Negotiation in business – Russia (Federation); Russia (Federation) – Foreign relations.","Negotiation.; Negotiation in business -- Russia (Federation); Russia (Federation) -- Foreign relations.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BAUAJK97","journalArticle","2011","Arfaa, Noora; Tordo, Silvana; Tracy, Brandon S.","National Oil Companies and Value Creation, v.2","World Bank Working Paper","","","","","","2011","2014-09-24 00:30:11","2014-12-04 18:21:06","","","","","218","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Arfaa et al_2011_(Natural oil companies and value creation, v).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BB2VI8G7","journalArticle","2012","Cole, Shawn; Healy, Andrew; Werker, Eric","Do voters demand responsive governments? Evidence from Indian disaster relief","Journal of Development Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304387811000502","","2012","2014-11-24 20:14:21","2014-11-24 20:14:21","2014-11-24 20:14:21","167–181","","2","97","","","Do voters demand responsive governments?","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Cole et al_2012_(Do voters demand responsive governments).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BBDBA4EV","journalArticle","2012","Stulberg, Adam N.","Strategic bargaining and pipeline politics: Confronting the credible commitment problem in Eurasian energy transit","Review of International Political Economy","","0969-2290","10.1080/09692290.2011.603662","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09692290.2011.603662","ABSTRACT The resurgence of Russia's energy diplomacy animates debate among realists, who regard pipelines as instruments of competitive resource nationalism, and their critics, who treat them either as mechanisms for strengthening cooperation or reflecting ‘obsolescing bargains’ that empower transit states upon construction and operation. Yet, this debate conspicuously overlooks the variable record of the arbitrary disruption of Eurasian energy transit. This article addresses these oversights by explicating pipeline politics as an international ‘credible commitment’ problem. It focuses specifically on the different incentives among producer, consumer and transit states and on how insights into the economic and institutional dimensions of bargaining shape the value, risks and capacity of the parties to forge and uphold pipeline agreements. Accordingly, arbitrary disruption is more likely under conditions in which the primary stakeholders are not preoccupied by recouping returns on investment and face incentives to gamble on new terms, as well as operate within opaque national regulatory settings. Credible commitments to uphold cross-border transit arrangements are more likely when the opposite conditions obtain. These claims are probed in comparative cases of arbitrary interruption of Soviet legacy pipelines and curious ‘non-events’ in Eurasian oil and gas transit.","2012","2013-10-09 20:53:43","2013-10-09 20:53:43","2013-10-09 20:53:43","808-836","","5","19","","","Strategic bargaining and pipeline politics","","","","","","","","","","","","Taylor and Francis+NEJM","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BBQN5R74","journalArticle","2006","Taliaferro, Jeffrey","State Building for Future Wars: Neoclassical Realism and the Resource-Extractive State","Security Studies","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","","464–495","","3","15","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","delete; rename","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BCJ25MSX","journalArticle","1961","Singer, J. David","The Level-of-Analysis Problem in International Relations","World Politics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2009557","","1961","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2013-01-31","77–92","","1","14","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1961 Trustees of Princeton University","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BDFVQ8J8","journalArticle","2013","Minozzi, William","Endogenous Beliefs in Models of Politics","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ajps.12021/abstract","In the standard rational choice model, actors have exogenously given beliefs that perfectly match objective probabilities. As such, these beliefs cannot be optimistic or motivated by preferences, even though substantial empirical evidence indicates that human beliefs routinely satisfy neither of these criteria. I present a tractable Endogenous Beliefs Model and apply it to three different political environments from across the subfields of political science. In the model, players form beliefs that maximize a utility function that represents preferences over outcomes and the anticipatory experience of uncertainty. Applications include voter turnout, taxation and collective choice, and crisis bargaining. The model captures the empirical evidence about belief formation much better than the standard model. Moreover, these applications show how rigidly insisting on the standard rational choice model rejects otherwise reasonable explanations by fiat, precisely because of its implausible assumptions about beliefs.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-11-22 22:21:29","2013-03-20","","","","","","","","","","","","","","en","\copyright 2013, Midwest Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BE8MSKM7","journalArticle","2014","Moravcsik, Andrew","Transparency: The Revolution in Qualitative Research","PS: Political Science & Politics","","1537-5935","10.1017/S1049096513001789","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1049096513001789","Qualitative political science, the use of textual evidence to reconstruct causal mechanisms across a limited number of cases, is currently undergoing a methodological revolution. Many qualitative scholars—whether they use traditional case-study analysis, analytic narrative, structured focused comparison, counterfactual analysis, process tracing, ethnographic and participant-observation, or other methods—now believe that the richness, rigor, and transparency of qualitative research ought to be fundamentally improved.","2014-01","2015-02-23 19:04:08","2015-02-23 19:04:08","2015-02-23 19:04:08","48–53","","01","47","","","Transparency","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Moravcsik_2014_(Transparency).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BEA4VGND","report","2000","Smarzynska, Beata K.; Wei, Shang-Jin","Corruption and composition of foreign direct investment: Firm-level evidence","","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w7969","","2000","2014-11-04 21:06:11","2014-11-04 21:06:11","2014-11-04 21:06:11","","","","","","","Corruption and composition of foreign direct investment","","","","","National bureau of economic research","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2000/Smarzynska_Wei_2000_(Corruption and composition of foreign direct investment).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BECW6XZ8","journalArticle","2014","Kertzer, Joshua D.; Powers, Kathleen E.; Rathbun, Brian C.; Iyer, Ravi","Moral Support: How Moral Values Shape Foreign Policy Attitudes","The Journal of Politics","","","10.1017/S0022381614000073","","Although classical international relations theorists largely agreed that public opinion about foreign policy is shaped by moral sentiments, public opinion scholars have yet to explore the content of these moral values, and American IR theorists have tended to exclusively associate morality with liberal idealism. Integrating the study of American foreign policy attitudes with Moral Foundations Theory from social psychology, we present original survey data showing that the five established moral values in psychology—harm/care, fairness/reciprocity, authority/respect, ingroup/loyalty, and purity/sanctity—are strongly and systematically associated with foreign policy attitudes. The “individualizing” foundations of harm/care and fairness/reciprocity are particularly important drivers of cooperative internationalism and the “binding” foundations of authority/respect, ingroup/loyalty, and purity/sanctity of militant internationalism. Hawks and hardliners have morals too, just a different set of moral values than the Enlightenment ones emphasized by liberal idealists.","2014","2014-09-08 20:35:12","2014-09-08 20:35:12","","825-840","","03","76","","","Moral Support","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BED62ARG","magazineArticle","2014","","Hard hat required","The Economist","","0013-0613","","http://www.economist.com/blogs/americasview/2014/03/dilma-and-petrobras","GOVERNMENT critics in Brazil’s press have had a field day—indeed, a field week—courtesy of the state-owned oil giant, Petrobras. On March 17th public...","2014-03-23","2014-12-14 04:48:14","2014-12-14 04:48:14","2014-12-14 04:48:14","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","The Economist","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BEICSCDX","journalArticle","2011","Snyder, J.; Borghard, E. D.","The Cost of Empty Threats: A Penny, Not a Pound","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.siwps.com/programs/SWP.attachment/no-13—snyder/No%2013%20-%20Snyder%20Borghard.pdf","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2013-01-09","437–456","","3","105","","","The Cost of Empty Threats","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BEZE4N9C","report","2012","Feldman, Mark","The Standing of State-Owned Entities Under Investment Treaties","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2444578","A significant and growing amount of foreign investment is made by State-owned entities (SOEs). Given that development, the issue of whether disputes concerning such investment constitute investor-State disputes falling within, or State-to-State disputes falling outside of, the scope of investment treaty protections is likely to arise with greater frequency. This chapter concludes that when distinguishing investor-State from State-to-State disputes under the ICSID Convention, tribunals should consider not only the commercial or governmental nature, but also the commercial or governmental purpose, of an SOE's activities.","2012-10-01","2015-02-27 23:25:23","2015-02-27 23:25:23","2015-02-27 23:25:23","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2444578","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BG9XTCGV","journalArticle","2012","Henne, Peter","Of Tornados and Earthquakes: Qualitative Historical Analysis and Changes in Turkey's Foreign Policy","SSRN eLibrary","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2110098","What explains the seemingly sudden changes in Turkey's foreign policy after the 2002 electoral victory of the Justice and Development Party (JDP)? Existing explanations are limited by their reliance on short-term causes. I draw on qualitative methodological tools for expanding the time horizons of studies to argue that the changes in Turkish foreign policy represent an “earthquake” rather than a “tornado;” the short-term effect – the changes – were the result of long-term changes in Turkish domestic politics, not short-term causes. Specifically, they are the result of a causal chain beginning with political and economic reforms in the 1980s that brought conservative religious elements into the political process, expanded the middle class, and undermined the power of the secularist old-guard; this did not result in changes to foreign policy, though, until a threshold was reached with the JDP's election in 2002. The paper contributes to the development of qualitative methods, as well as debates on religion and politics and studies of Turkish politics.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2012-08-09","","","","","","","Of Tornados and Earthquakes","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","qualitative methods; religion; Turkey","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BGHIIX9E","journalArticle","1993","Padgett, John F.; Ansell, Christopher K.","Robust Action and the Rise of the Medici, 1400-1434","American Journal of Sociology","","","","","","1993","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","","1259–1319","","6","98","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BI7MM4ZM","journalArticle","2013","Musgrave, Paul; Nexon, Daniel H.","Singularity or Aberration? A Response to Buzan and Lawson","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/isqu.12030/abstract","Musgrave, Paul and Daniel H. Nexon. (2013) Singularity or Aberration? A Response to Buzan and Lawson. International Studies Quarterly, doi: 10.1111/isqu.12030 \copyright 2013 International Studies AssociationBuzan and Lawson (2012) urge IR scholars to consider what the 19th century can teach us about the contemporary world. Although we agree that IR scholars should draw from a wider range of historical experiences in formulating and testing their theories, we disagree with Buzan and Lawson's contentions that the lessons of the 19th century are self-evident. We argue that the 19th century may have been either an aberration in human history, during which the traditional political and economic centers of gravity were temporarily displaced by Western Europe and its offshoots, or a Singularity, in which the takeoff of the industrial revolution fundamentally changed the relationship of politics, culture, and economics. In either case, the 19th century may have less to tell us about contemporary IR than Buzan and Lawson suggest.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2013-02-01","","","","","","","Singularity or Aberration?","","","","","","","en","\copyright 2013 International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BI8MGNEK","journalArticle","2011","Gartzke, E.; Naoi, M.","Multilateralism and Democracy: A Dissent Regarding Keohane, Macedo, and Moravcsik","International Organization","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","","589–598","","03","65","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BIEU9468","journalArticle","2005","Brender, Adi; Drazen, Allan","Political budget cycles in new versus established democracies","Journal of Monetary Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304393205000887","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2013-05-13","1271–1295","","7","52","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BJJFCVAP","manuscript","2013","Mazaheri, Nimah","Oil, the Private Sector, and Policy Reform","","","","","https://www.princeton.edu/politics/about/file-repository/public/Mazaheri_OilBusinessPolicy.pdf","","2013","2014-09-29 02:15:18","2014-11-07 22:49:59","2014-09-29 02:15:18","","","","","","","","","","","","","Tufts University","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Mazaheri_2013_(Oil, the Private Sector, and Policy Reform).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BJSCUP47","report","2014","Jensen, J. Bradford; Quinn, Dennis P.; Weymouth, Stephen","The Influences Of Foreign Direct Investments, Intrafirm Trading, And Currency Undervaluation On U.S. Firm Trade Disputes","","","","","https://ideas.repec.org/p/cen/wpaper/14-04.html","We use the case of a puzzling decline in U.S. firm antidumping (AD) filings to explore how firm-level economic heterogeneity within U.S. industries influences political and regulatory responses to changes in the global economy. Firms exhibit heterogeneity both within and across industries regarding foreign direct investment. We propose that firms making vertical, or resource-seeking, investments abroad will be less likely to file AD petitions. Hence, we argue, the increasing vertical FDI of U.S. firms (particularly in countries with undervalued currencies) makes trade disputes far less likely. We use firm level data to examine the universe of U.S. manufacturing firms and find that AD filers generally conduct no intrafirm trade with filed-against countries. Among U.S. MNCs, the number of AD filings is negatively associated with increases in the level of intrafirm trade for large firms. In the context of currency undervaluation, we confirm the existing finding that undervaluation is associated with more AD filings. We also find, however, that high levels of related-party imports from countries with undervalued currencies significantly decrease the numbers of AD filings. Our study highlights the centrality of global production networks in understanding political mobilization over international economic policy. [192]","2014","2014-10-15 12:11:53","2014-10-15 12:11:53","2014-10-15 12:11:53","","","","","","","","","","","","Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau","","","","Working Paper","","","RePEc - IDEAS","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Jensen et al_2014_(The Influences Of Foreign Direct Investments, Intrafirm Trading, And Currency).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","14-04","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BJTZN27I","journalArticle","2002","Brulhart, Marius; Elliott, Robert J. R.","Labour-Market Effects of Intra-Industry Trade: Evidence for the United Kingdom","Review of World Economics","","","","http://works.bepress.com/rob_elliott/20","According to the “smooth adjustment hypothesis”, the labour-market adjustment costs entailed by trade liberalisation are lower if trade expansion is intra-industry rather than inter-industry in nature. In this paper, we study the link between trade and labour market changes in UK manufacturing industries during the 1980s. We use industry-level measures of unemployment duration and wage variability as proxies for adjustment costs, and we relate them to various measures of intra-industry trade. Our evidence offers some support for the smooth adjustment hypothesis.","2002","2013-11-15 11:10:28","2013-11-15 11:10:28","2013-11-15 11:10:28","207-228","","3","138","","","Labour-Market Effects of Intra-Industry Trade","","","","","","","","","","","","works.bepress.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BK3B4PHZ","journalArticle","2011","Mortensen, Jens L.","Seeing Like the WTO: Numbers, Frames and Trade Law","New Political Economy","","1356-3467","10.1080/13563467.2011.569024","http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13563467.2011.569024","A stark contrast exists between the popular image of the World Trade Organisation (WTO) as a uniquely powerful international organisation (IO) and its actual capacity to monitor national policies and to enforce compliance with WTO rules among its member states. Rather than overseeing policy implementation itself like the International Monetary Fund or the World Bank, the WTO relies much more heavily than other high-profile IOs on a legalist method of surveillance. This article suggests that the notion of a ‘member-driven legalism’ is central to how the WTO ‘sees’ the world. In particular, the WTO's processes reflect a strong institutional belief that neo-liberal policies can be implemented by a consensus- and member-driven legalistic WTO system. To illustrate the importance of understanding how the ways in which the WTO ‘sees’ the world of trade both enable and constrain its influence over trade relations, the article examines how the WTO constructs and classifies the world economy into enforceable trade issues, despite political impasse in the Doha Round. Examining the cases of trade in biofuels and trade in electronic ‘cultural products’, the article puts forward the argument that the WTO exercises cognitive authority in the world economy via the organisation's distinctive classification and framing activities.","2011-05-26","2014-11-27 22:49:31","2014-11-27 22:49:31","2014-11-27 22:49:31","77-95","","1","17","","","Seeing Like the WTO","","","","","","","","","","","","Taylor and Francis+NEJM","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BKDD85N5","journalArticle","2014","Ferwerda, Jeremy; Miller, Nicholas L.","Political Devolution and Resistance to Foreign Rule: A Natural Experiment","American Political Science Review","","1537-5943","10.1017/S0003055414000240","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0003055414000240","Do foreign occupiers face less resistance when they increase the level of native governing authority? Although this is a central question within the literature on foreign occupation and insurgency, it is difficult to answer because the relationship between resistance and political devolution is typically endogenous. To address this issue, we identify a natural experiment based on the locally arbitrary assignment of French municipalities into German or Vichy-governed zones during World War II. Using a regression discontinuity design, we conclude that devolving governing authority significantly lowered levels of resistance. We argue that this effect is driven by a process of political cooptation: domestic groups that were granted governing authority were less likely to engage in resistance activity, while violent resistance was heightened in regions dominated by groups excluded from the governing regime. This finding stands in contrast to work that primarily emphasizes structural factors or nationalist motivations for resistance.","2014-08","2015-04-12 17:26:49","2015-04-12 17:26:49","2015-04-12 17:26:49","642–660","","03","108","","","Political Devolution and Resistance to Foreign Rule","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Ferwerda_Miller_2014_(Political Devolution and Resistance to Foreign Rule)2.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BKNAD3GM","journalArticle","2010","Okhmatovskiy, Ilya","Performance implications of ties to the government and SOEs: A political embeddedness perspective","Journal of Management Studies","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2009.00881.x/full","","2010","2015-02-18 01:18:49","2015-02-18 01:18:49","2015-02-18 01:18:49","1020–1047","","6","47","","","Performance implications of ties to the government and SOEs","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Okhmatovskiy_2010_(Performance implications of ties to the government and SOEs).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BKQWABBV","journalArticle","2002","Hug, S.; König, T.","In view of ratification: Governmental preferences and domestic constraints at the Amsterdam Intergovernmental Conference","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0020818302441768","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2012-10-31","447–476","","02","56","","","In view of ratification","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BMX7TJJK","journalArticle","1993","Ruggie, J. G.","Territoriality and beyond: problematizing modernity in international relations","International organization","","","","","","1993","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","","139–139","","","47","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BN2NP5D3","journalArticle","2015","Kirshner, Jonathan","The Economic Sins of Modern IR Theory and the Classical Realist Alternative","World Politics","","1086-3338","10.1017/S0043887114000318","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0043887114000318","ISMs matter. They reflect underlying philosophical points of departure and are rooted in specific explicit assumptions about how the world works. The very different expectations and conclusions of diverse theories often stem from the fact that those theories were derived from distinct and contrasting paradigmatic roots. To be aware of those foundations is to understand the likely strengths, weaknesses, limitations, controversies, and specific attributes of the various theories. In contemporary international relations (IR) scholarship there is a common claim that we are past paradigms, and many younger scholars are expected to recite this mantra. But making such a claim is a political act, not an intellectual one. It reflects the hegemony of one particular paradigmatic perspective—one with specific analytical building blocks of individualism, materialism, and hyperrationalism—an approach that is a paradigm and one so powerful that it has been described as an “intellectual monoculture.”","2015-01","2015-01-15 20:28:21","2015-01-15 20:28:21","2015-01-15 20:28:21","155–183","","01","67","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Kirshner_2015_(The Economic Sins of Modern IR Theory and the Classical Realist Alternative).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BN39AJHX","journalArticle","2012","Almezaini, Khalid","Private Sector Actors in the UAE and their Role in the Process of Economic and Political Reform","Business Politics in the Middle East. London: C. Hurst","","","","http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=yczrAQAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA43&dq=info:A2-BAMq-S3cJ:scholar.google.com&ots=APw0kwNS45&sig=yJ40wiPxBcMXoK0IknNBG4Q8-Ao","","2012","2015-07-16 09:45:47","2015-07-16 09:45:47","2015-07-16 09:45:47","43–66","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BN3FS7F4","book","2006","Bieler, Andreas","The Struggle for a Social Europe: Trade Unions and EMU in Times of Global Restructuring","","9780719072529","","","","This book provides a detailed investigation and comparison of the trade unions of five EU member states, Austria, Britain, France, Germany and Sweden, and their positions on EMU. Several European level trade union organizations are also examined. The focus of this project, however, is not limited to EMU as a case study. Rather, EMU is regarded as a vehicle to assess trade unions' options and possibilities to respond to global structural change in general and to participate in the formation of the future economic-political system of the EU in particular.","2006","2013-11-15 10:59:16","2013-11-15 10:59:16","","","276","","","","","The Struggle for a Social Europe","","","","","Manchester University Press","","en","","","","","Google Books","","","","","http://books.google.ca/books?id=Ld4u4DXJBkwC","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BN8TXFVA","journalArticle","2013","Clithero, John A.; Rangel, Antonio","Combining Response Times and Choice Data Using a Neuroeconomic Model of the Decision Process Improves Out-of-Sample Predictions","unpublished, California Institute of Technology","","","","http://www.hss.caltech.edu/~clithero/jac_jmp.pdf","","2013","2014-09-29 02:16:02","2014-09-29 02:16:02","2014-09-29 02:16:02","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Clithero_Rangel_2013_(Combining Response Times and Choice Data Using a Neuroeconomic Model of the).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BN9TZVCR","journalArticle","2012","Lee, Hoon; Mitchell, Sara McLaughlin","Foreign Direct Investment and Territorial Disputes","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/56/4/675","This study evaluates the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and interstate conflict, focusing on four prominent causal mechanisms: the declining benefits of territorial conquest, increasing preference similarity, increasing opportunity costs of violence, and improved information signaling. Empirical analyses show that new territorial issues are less likely to arise as global levels of FDI increase, although monadic and bilateral FDI flows have no effect on states' decisions to start new issue claims. Higher bilateral FDI flows between two disputants significantly reduce the chances for escalation to high levels of violence over issues and improve the chances for peaceful management. Increasing global levels of FDI also reduce the chances for severe militarized conflicts. Opportunity costs are an important mechanism linking FDI and states' conflict management practices, as the pacifying effect of bilateral and monadic FDI on militarized conflict becomes stronger in dyads with a history of militarization over the issues at stake.","2012","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2012-08-09","675–703","","4","56","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","conflict; FDI; investment; issues; territory","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BNDHVG3B","report","2014","Gelman, Andrew; Imbens, Guido","Why high-order polynomials should not be used in regression discontinuity designs","","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w20405.pdf","","2014","2015-02-23 19:08:25","2015-02-23 19:08:25","2015-02-23 19:08:25","","","","","","","","","","","","National Bureau of Economic Research","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Gelman_Imbens_2014_(Why high-order polynomials should not be used in regression discontinuity).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BNTX8ZD4","journalArticle","2002","Freeman, John R.","Competing Commitments: Technocracy and Democracy in the Design of Monetary Institutions","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3078652","In this article, I refine and expand the agenda for research on monetary institutions. First, I evaluate the analyses and research designs presented in this special issue of International Organization. Out of this evaluation, several ideas about how to produce a ""third generation"" of research on this topic emerge. Specific ideas include how to: create a better synthesis with certain branches of economics, such as information economics; broaden the welfare criteria on which institutional choices are made; deepen the analyses of coalitional and other political processes on which the choice of institutions are based; and strengthen the tests that are offered in support of these choices. In the second part of this article, I explore questions of how popular sovereignty over economic policy and institutional choice are achieved. I show that the institutional regimes proposed in the special issue are, in a sense, democratic as long as the public's ""perceived consensus"" about economic policies and macroeconomic outcomes is real. However, if, as new work suggests, there is genuine dissensus about policy and macroeconomic objectives, it is no longer clear that the regimes proposed in the special issue are democratic. In the conclusion, I briefly discuss a possible crisis of imagination in institutional design.","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","","889–910","","4","56","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2002 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BRSN8UHM","journalArticle","2011","Block, Ray; Siegel, David A.","Identity, bargaining, and third-party mediation","International Theory","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","","416–449","","3","3","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BRV28UCQ","bookSection","2006","Hertog, Steffen","The new corporatism in Saudi Arabia: limits of formal politics","Constitutional Reform and Political Participation in the Gulf","","","","http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/532933/file/625360.pdf#page=239","","2006","2015-07-16 09:44:58","2015-12-09 01:18:27","2015-07-16 09:44:58","241–275","","","","","","The new corporatism in Saudi Arabia","","","","","Gulf Research Center","Dubai, UAE","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2006/Hertog_2006_(The new corporatism in Saudi Arabia).pdf","","","","Khalaf, Abdulhadi; Luciani, Giacomo","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BS67ZK9G","journalArticle","2015","Tuman, John P.; Shirali, Majid","The Political Economy of Chinese Foreign Direct Investment in Developing Areas","Foreign Policy Analysis","","1743-8594","10.1111/fpa.12092","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/fpa.12092/abstract","Recent studies have hypothesized that the Chinese state has sought to use outward flows of foreign direct investment (FDI) to Latin America and Africa in order to promote broad national interests, including securing China's access to oil and other natural resources, and pressuring states to abandon diplomatic ties with Taiwan. To date, however, there has been little systematic empirical study of the influence of these factors on Chinese FDI. In this study, we attempt to fill this gap in the literature. Utilizing a cross-sectional time-series data set for 66 countries for the period of 2003–2010, we investigate the effects of various economic and political variables on Chinese FDI in Latin America and Africa. We find that Chinese FDI is influenced by trade flows and natural resources in host economies, including oil resources and ores and metals, while also being directed to markets with lower per capita income. In addition, the study adds to the prior literature by demonstrating empirically that Chinese FDI flows are negatively associated with recipients who maintain diplomatic recognition of Taiwan. The analysis also suggests that, with the exception of natural resources (oil), there is little overlap in the determinants of Chinese and US FDI.","2015-01-01","2015-06-30 11:54:40","2015-06-30 11:54:40","2015-06-30 11:54:40","n/a-n/a","","","","","Foreign Policy Anal","","","","","","","","en","© 2015 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Tuman_Shirali_2015_(The Political Economy of Chinese Foreign Direct Investment in Developing Areas).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BS7VVIFK","journalArticle","2008","Smith, Alastair","The perils of unearned income","The Journal of Politics","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0022381608080754","","2008","2015-07-16 09:16:29","2015-07-16 09:16:29","2015-07-16 09:16:29","780–793","","03","70","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Smith_2008_(The perils of unearned income).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BSBJ78KB","journalArticle","2004","Haste, H.","Constructing the citizen","Political Psychology","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","","413–439","","3","25","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BSJZ7IBC","book","2002","Gigerenzer, Gerd; Selten, Reinhard","Bounded Rationality: The Adaptive Toolbox","","9780262571647 0262571641","","","http://proxy.library.georgetown.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=e000xna&AN=78072","AnnotationIn a complex and uncertain world, humans and animals make decisions under the constraints of limited knowledge, resources, and time. Yet models of rational decision making in economics, cognitive science, biology, and other fields largely ignore these real constraints and instead assume agents with perfect information and unlimited time. About forty years ago, Herbert Simon challenged this view with his notion of ""bounded rationality."" Today, bounded rationality has become a fashionable term used for disparate views of reasoning.This book promotes bounded rationality as the key to understanding how real people make decisions. Usingthe concept of an ""adaptive toolbox,"" a repertoire of fastand frugal rules for decision making under uncertainty, itattempts to impose more order and coherence on the idea ofbounded rationality. The contributors view bounded rationality neither as optimization under constraints nor as the study of people?s reasoning fallacies. The strategies in the adaptive toolbox dispense with optimization and, for the most part, with calculations of probabilities and utilities. The book extends the concept of bounded rationality from cognitive tools to emotions; it analyzes social norms, imitation, and other cultural tools as rational strategies; and it shows how smart heuristics can exploit the structure of environments.
","2002","2015-04-18 00:18:01","2015-04-18 00:18:17","2015-04-18 00:18:01","","1","","","","","Bounded Rationality","","","","","MIT Press","Cambridge","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","BF448.B67 2002","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BSK3CNPB","journalArticle","2014","Harding, Matthew; Lamarche, Carlos","Estimating and testing a quantile regression model with interactive effects","Journal of Econometrics","","03044076","10.1016/j.jeconom.2013.08.010","http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0304407613001607","","2014-01","2015-02-18 14:43:26","2015-02-18 14:43:26","2015-02-18 14:43:26","101-113","","","178","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Harding_Lamarche_2014_(Estimating and testing a quantile regression model with interactive effects).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BTA8GTG2","journalArticle","1997","Collier, David; Levitsky, Steven","Democracy with Adjectives: Conceptual Innovation in Comparative Research","World Politics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/25054009","The recent trend toward democratization in countries across the globe has challenged scholars to pursue two potentially contradictory goals. On the one hand, they seek to increase analytic differentiation in order to capture the diverse forms of democracy that have emerged. On the other hand, they are concerned with conceptual validity. Specifically, they seek to avoid the problem of conceptual stretching that arises when the concept of democracy is applied to cases for which, by relevant scholarly standards, it is not appropriate. This article argues that the pursuit of these two goals has led to a proliferation of conceptual innovations, including numerous subtypes of democracy-that is to say, democracy ""with adjectives."" The article explores the strengths and weaknesses of alternative strategies of conceptual innovation that have emerged: descending and climbing Sartori's ladder of generality, generating ""diminished"" subtypes of democracy, ""precising"" the definition of democracy by adding defining attributes, and shifting the overarching concept with which democracy is associated. The goal of the analysis is to make more comprehensible the complex structure of these strategies, as well as to explore trade-offs among the strategies. Even when scholars proceed intuitively, rather than self-consciously, they tend to operate within this structure. Yet it is far more desirable for them to do so self-consciously, with a full awareness of these trade-offs.","1997","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2014-09-04 18:31:41","","430–451","","3","49","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1997 Trustees of Princeton University","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BTCMKM7V","journalArticle","2012","Anthonsen, Mette; Löfgren, \AAsa; Nilsson, Klas; Westerlund, Joakim","Effects of rent dependency on quality of government","Economics of governance","","","","http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10101-011-0105-3","","2012","2015-07-16 09:39:18","2015-07-16 09:39:18","2015-07-16 09:39:18","145–168","","2","13","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BTV33Z9G","journalArticle","1997","Thoits, P. A.; Virshup, L. K.","Mes and wes","Self and identity: Fundamental issues","","","","","","1997","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:27:02","","106-133","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BUAUU9V5","journalArticle","2004","Sedgwick, M.","Al-Qaeda and the nature of religious terrorism","Terrorism and Policical Violence","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09546550590906098","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2012-10-26","795–814","","4","16","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BUEUMAPJ","journalArticle","2011","O'Mahony, Angela","Engineering Good Times: Fiscal Manipulation in a Global Economy","British Journal of Political Science","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BUKIK4SW","journalArticle","2005","Schatzki, T. R. . R.","Peripheral Vision: The Sites of Organizations","Organization Studies","","","","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2014-09-04 18:31:41","","465–484","","3","26","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BUNJJUME","journalArticle","2011","Cohen, Gail; Joutz, Frederick; Loungani, Prakash","Measuring energy security: Trends in the diversification of oil and natural gas supplies","Energy Policy","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421511004903","","2011","2014-09-24 22:21:23","2014-09-24 22:21:23","2014-09-24 22:21:23","4860–4869","","9","39","","","Measuring energy security","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Cohen et al_2011_(Measuring energy security).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BUPNXGAS","journalArticle","2007","Wennmann, A.","The political economy of conflict financing: A comprehensive approach beyond natural resources","Global Governance: A Review of Multilateralism and International Organizations","","","","http://journals.rienner.com/doi/pdf/10.5555/ggov.2007.13.3.427","","2007","2012-09-28 02:58:12","2014-09-04 20:27:25","2012-09-28 02:58:12","427–444","","3","13","","","The political economy of conflict financing","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BUZS4XGF","report","2007","Pirani, Simon","Ukraine's Gas Sector","","","","","http://209-20-84-91.slicehost.net/assets/2009/2/3/Ukraine_s_Gas_Sector.pdf","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-12-31 16:24:09","","","","","","","","","","","","","Oxford Institute for Energy Studies","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BW8UBMRJ","book","2009","Walter, Andrew; Sen, Gautam","Analyzing the global political economy","","9780691139586","","","","","2009","2015-01-13 13:26:07","2015-01-13 13:26:59","","","275","","","","","","","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton, N.J","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD87 .W255 2009","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Walter_Sen_2009_(Analyzing the global political economy).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BWSXAHJ7","journalArticle","2000","Hansen, Wendy L.; Mitchell, Neil J.","Disaggregating and Explaining Corporate Political Activity: Domestic and Foreign Corporations in National Politics","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2586214","Corporate political activity is usually operationalized and analyzed as financial contributions to candidates or political parties through political action committees (PACs). Very little attention has been paid to other dimensions, such as lobbying, in a systematic way. On a theoretical level we address the issue of how to conceive of PAC contributions, lobbying, and other corporate activities, such as charitable giving, in terms of the strategic behavior of corporations and the implications of ""foreignness"" for the different types of corporate political activity. On an empirical level we examine the political activities of Fortune 500 firms, along with an oversampling of U.S. affiliates of large foreign investors for the 1987-88 election cycle.","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2012-05-06","891–903","","4","94","","","Disaggregating and Explaining Corporate Political Activity","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BWWXRDX7","journalArticle","1998","Fearon, James D.","Bargaining, enforcement, and international cooperation","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0020818398440360","","1998","2015-02-17 13:39:59","2015-02-17 13:39:59","2015-02-17 13:39:59","269–305","","02","52","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1998/Fearon_1998_(Bargaining, enforcement, and international cooperation).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BXGVW5KS","journalArticle","2008","Vreeland, James Raymond","The Effect of Political Regime on Civil War Unpacking Anocracy","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/52/3/401","Research published in the American Political Science Review shows that anocracies—as defined by the middle of the Polity index of political regime—are more susceptible to civil war than are either pure democracies or pure dictatorships. Yet, certain components of the Polity index include a factional category, where political competition is “intense, hostile, and frequently violent. Extreme factionalism may be manifested in the establishment of rival governments and in civil war” (Gurr 1989, 12). Not surprisingly, these components exhibit a strong relationship with civil war. When they are removed from the Polity index, however, the original relationship disappears. I conclude that the original finding is not driven by the relationship between political institutions and civil war but rather by a less provocative relationship between political violence and civil war.","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2012-05-19","401–425","","3","52","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","anocracy; civil war; political regime measurement; Polity","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BXI6RCU9","journalArticle","2006","Kydd, Andrew H.; Walter, Barbara F.","The Strategies of Terrorism","International Security","","","","http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/isec.2006.31.1.49","Terrorism is designed to change minds by destroying bodies; it is a form of costly signaling. Terrorists employ five primary strategies of costly signaling: attrition, intimidation, provocation, spoiling, and outbidding. The main targets of persuasion are the enemy and the population that the terrorists hope to represent or control. Terrorists wish to signal that they have the strength and will to impose costs on those who oppose them, and that the enemy and moderate groups on the terrorists' side cannot be trusted and should not be supported. Each strategy works well under certain conditions and poorly under others. State responses to one strategy may be inappropriate for other strategies. In some cases, however, terrorists are pursuing a combination of strategies, and the response must also work well against this combination.","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2014-09-04 18:31:52","","49–80","","1","31","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BXJGK8KB","journalArticle","2007","Ferdinand, Peter","Russia and China: converging responses to globalization","International Affairs","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","","655–680","","4","83","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BXMVNPX2","journalArticle","2014","Andonova, Liliana B.","Boomerangs to Partnerships? Explaining State Participation in Transnational Partnerships for Sustainability","Comparative Political Studies","","0010-4140, 1552-3829","10.1177/0010414013509579","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/47/3/481","This article examines under what conditions states engage in transnational public–private partnerships for the environment. While there is hardly a disagreement in the literature on the rise of transnational actors and new modes of collaborative governance, their interaction with and impact on state institutions remain debated and insufficiently illuminated by empirical research. Some scholars of globalization interpret transnational partnerships as evidence of state insufficiency and retreat, others emphasize the continued primacy of state power in manipulating old and new institutional arenas, still other scholars anticipate the “rearticulation” of the state to partake in new governance. This study is one of the first to examine theoretically and empirically, using a sample of some 230 partnerships, how domestic capacity, the constituencies of transnational actors, as well as international donors and institutions shape the variable rearticulation of the state to partake in partnerships. A comparative case study of Brazil and Russia provides further detail on the political dynamics that enable or constrain state-society collaborations for the environment.","2014-03-01","2015-04-12 18:01:52","2015-04-12 18:01:52","2015-04-12 18:01:52","481-515","","3","47","","Comparative Political Studies","Boomerangs to Partnerships?","","","","","","","en","","","","","cps.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Andonova_2014_(Boomerangs to Partnerships).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BXNG9X75","journalArticle","2014","Rithmire, Meg E.","China's “New Regionalism”: Subnational Analysis in Chinese Political Economy","World Politics","","0043-8871, 1086-3338","10.1017/S004388711300035X","http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S004388711300035X","","2014-01","2014-09-04 20:32:15","2014-09-04 20:32:15","2014-09-04 20:32:15","165-194","","01","66","","","China's “New Regionalism”","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Rithmire_2014_(China's “New Regionalism”).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BXPHFX3A","journalArticle","2006","Westphal, Kirsten","Energy Policy between Multilateral Governance and Geopolitics : Whither Europe ?","IPG","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","","44–62","","","4","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BZBC3ZAB","journalArticle","2011","Rudra, Nita","Openness and the Politics of Potable Water","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/44/6/771","Improving access to potable water has become an increasingly urgent concern for developing nations in the current era of globalization. According to standard wisdom, if developing countries undertake certain domestic reforms, such as investing in infrastructure and engineering, then safe and clean drinking water will improve. This analysis uncovers, however, that in addition to such domestic efforts, one of the greatest factors affecting water uncertainty is, in fact, internationally induced: trade. Surprisingly, both scholars and practitioners have neglected the potential impacts of expanding trade on access to potable water. This analysis is the first large-N cross-national study of water that focuses on the interplay of trade and politics—both international and domestic—as the primary driving forces behind improvements in (or constraints to) water access. The author hypothesizes that growing export pressures are constraining drinkable water in poor countries, but a particular domestic condition can mitigate this effect: the existence of lower levels of income inequality. As the socioeconomic actors disadvantaged by openness, particularly in more equal countries, seek reparations for the growing threats to potable water, the adverse affects of trade on water may be averted. Empirical evidence from 77 developing countries and case studies of Vietnam and India provide support for this hypothesis.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2012-09-15","771–803","","6","44","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","development; domestic politics; export pressures; globalization; income inequality; India; natural resources; political economy of water; Trade; Vietnam; water; water access","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BZRXAVZ8","journalArticle","2013","Watts, Michael","Oil Talk","Development and Change","","1467-7660","10.1111/dech.12007","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com.proxy.library.georgetown.edu/doi/10.1111/dech.12007/abstract","","2013","2013-10-09 21:42:01","2013-10-09 21:42:01","2013-10-09 21:42:01","1013–1026","","4","44","","","","","","","","","","en","© 2013 International Institute of Social Studies","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "BZVEDJUA","journalArticle","2004","Betsill, Michele M.; Bulkeley, Harriet","Transnational Networks and Global Environmental Governance: The Cities for Climate Protection Program","International Studies Quarterly","","1468-2478","10.1111/j.0020-8833.2004.00310.x","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0020-8833.2004.00310.x/abstract","The past decade has witnessed a growing interest among scholars of international relations, and global environmental governance in particular, in the role of transnational networks within the international arena. While the existence and potential significance of such networks has been documented, many questions concerning the nature of governance conducted by such networks and their impact remain. We contribute to these debates by examining how such networks are created and maintained and the extent to which they can foster policy learning and change. We focus on the Cities for Climate Protection (CCP) program, a network of some 550 local governments concerned with promoting local initiatives for the mitigation of climate change. It is frequently asserted that the importance of such networks lies in their ability to exchange knowledge and information, and to forge norms about the nature and terms of particular issues. However, we find that those local governments most effectively engaged with the network are mobilized more by the financial and political resources it offers, and the legitimacy conferred to particular norms about climate protection, than by access to information. Moreover, processes of policy learning within the CCP program take place in discursive struggles as different actors seek legitimacy for their interpretations of what local climate protection policies should mean. In conclusion, we reflect upon the implications of these findings for understanding the role of transnational networks in global environmental governance.","2004-06-01","2015-04-12 17:22:23","2015-04-12 17:22:23","2015-04-12 17:22:23","471-493","","2","48","","","Transnational Networks and Global Environmental Governance","","","","","","","en","","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2004/Betsill_Bulkeley_2004_(Transnational Networks and Global Environmental Governance).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C24JE5VP","journalArticle","2013","Xu, Conglin","Chinese NOCs' expansion","Oil & Gas Journal","","0030-1388","","","","2013-04-22","2013-10-09 21:51:37","2013-10-09 21:51:37","","17-17","","4C","111","","Oil Gas J.","","","","","","","","English","","","","","ISI Web of Knowledge","","WOS:000318120600001","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C28MP36S","journalArticle","2006","King, Gary","Publication, publication","PS: Political Science & Politics","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S1049096506060252","","2006","2015-02-26 21:25:26","2015-02-26 21:25:26","2015-02-26 21:25:26","119–125","","01","39","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2006/King_2006_(Publication, publication).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C29RM9A6","journalArticle","2011","Weidmann, Nils B.","Violence ""from above"" or ""from below""? The Role of Enthnicity in Bosnia's Civil War","The Journal of Politics","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C2FDNX3D","journalArticle","2000","Philpott, Daniel","The Religious Roots of Modern International Relations","World Politics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/25054109","The Protestant Reformation was a crucial spring of modern international relations. Had it never occurred, a system of sovereign states would not have arrived, at least not in the form or at the time that it did at the Peace of Westphalia. This is the counterfactual the author seeks to sustain. He first advances an elaborated but qualified defense of the conventional wisdom that Westphalia is the origin of modern international relations. He then accounts for how Protestant ideas exerted influence through transforming identities and exercising social power. Structural theories, emphasizing changes in material power, are skeptical of this account. The author roots his empirical defense of ideas in the strong correlation between Reformation crises and polities' interests in Westphalia. A description of the historical causal pathways running from ideas to political interest then follows. Germany and France are brought as cases to illustrate two of these pathways. Finally, the author shows the evidentiary weakness of alternative structural material explanations.","2000","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","","206–245","","2","52","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2000 Trustees of Princeton University","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C2H4C6QI","journalArticle","1997","MacKinlay, A. Craig","Event Studies in Economics and Finance","Journal of Economic Literature","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2729691","","1997","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2013-02-05","13–39","","1","35","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1997 American Economic Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C2TE9GHE","journalArticle","2015","Yom, Sean","From Methodology to Practice Inductive Iteration in Comparative Research","Comparative Political Studies","","0010-4140, 1552-3829","10.1177/0010414014554685","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/48/5/616","Most methods in comparative politics prescribe a deductive template of research practices that begins with proposing hypotheses, proceeds into analyzing data, and finally concludes with confirmatory tests. In reality, many scholars move back and forth between theory and data in creating causal explanations, beginning not with hypotheses but hunches and constantly revising their propositions in response to unexpected discoveries. Used transparently, such inductive iteration has contributed to causal knowledge in comparative-historical analysis, analytic narratives, and statistical approaches. Encouraging such practices across methodologies not only adds to the toolbox of comparative analysis but also casts light on how much existing work often lacks transparency. Because successful hypothesis testing facilitates publication, yet as registration schemes and mandatory replication do not exist, abusive practices such as data mining and selective reporting find easy cover behind the language of deductive proceduralism. Productive digressions from the deductive paradigm, such as inductive iteration, should not have the stigma associated with such impropriety.","2015-04-01","2015-03-16 14:11:26","2015-03-16 14:11:26","2015-03-16 14:11:26","616-644","","5","48","","Comparative Political Studies","","","","","","","","en","","","","","cps.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Yom_2015_(From Methodology to Practice Inductive Iteration in Comparative Research).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C2WNHKFB","journalArticle","1998","Milner, Helen V.","Rationalizing politics: The emerging synthesis of international, American, and comparative politics","International Organization","","","","","","1998","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","","759–786","","4","52","","","Rationalizing politics","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C32XNDS4","journalArticle","2015","Kerner, Andrew","Can Foreign Stock Investors Influence Policymaking?","Comparative Political Studies","","0010-4140, 1552-3829","10.1177/0010414013519411","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/48/1/35","Foreign portfolio stock investors (FPSIs) often attach political criteria to their investment choices, sometimes in the hope of pressuring policymakers in boycotted markets to adjust their policies. This article asks when the decision to not invest in foreign stock markets for political reasons catalyzes policy change in those countries. Unlike investors in government bonds that target state interests directly, FPSIs directly target the interests of the shareholders and managers of publicly listed firms. I argue that FPSI’s policymaking influence is limited by their ability to damage shareholders’ and managers’ interests and by those shareholders’ and managers’ ability to affect policy change. I test my theory with a quantitative analysis of a uniquely well-suited data set of policy reactions to CalPERS’ Permissible Equity Markets Policy. The results largely conform to my theoretical expectations.","2015-01-01","2015-01-15 20:39:52","2015-01-15 20:39:52","2015-01-15 20:39:52","35-64","","1","48","","Comparative Political Studies","","","","","","","","en","","","","","cps.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Kerner_2015_(Can Foreign Stock Investors Influence Policymaking).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C39TWUTG","journalArticle","2007","Omonbude, Ekpen J.","The transit oil and gas pipeline and the role of bargaining: A non-technical discussion","Energy Policy","","0301-4215","10.1016/j.enpol.2007.06.001","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421507002455","Transit oil and gas pipelines are growing in relevance, and face a number of topical problems. One of such issues is the problem of potential disruption from a number of sources, notably post-construction behaviour of the transit country. Present and future pipelines face the risk of continuous conflict over legal, economic and political issues. Once the pipeline is built and in operation, the threat of disruption of the pipeline by the transit country over disputed transit terms exists. This is due to two key problems: first, a shift in bargaining powers to the transit country upon construction and operation of the pipeline and, second, changes in the value of the throughput imply price changes that can affect the behaviour of the transit country. This paper discusses the role of basic bargaining principles in cross-border oil and gas pipelines involving transit through one or more countries. It finds that the motive behind the pipeline plays a key role in the prevention of potential disruptions to the pipeline due to rent squeezing. Also, although the potential of such disruptions does exist, there are a number of factors that could serve to mute the consequences of shifts in bargaining power to the transit countries.","2007-12","2015-03-11 13:17:37","2015-03-11 13:17:37","2015-03-11 13:17:37","6188-6194","","12","35","","Energy Policy","The transit oil and gas pipeline and the role of bargaining","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Omonbude_2007_(The transit oil and gas pipeline and the role of bargaining).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C43QDC56","journalArticle","2013","Bueger, Christian","Actor-Network Theory, Methodology, and International Organization","International Political Sociology","","1749-5687","10.1111/ips.12026_3","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ips.12026_3/abstract","","2013","2013-09-16 09:19:33","2013-09-16 09:19:33","2013-09-16 09:19:33","338–342","","3","7","","","","","","","","","","en","© 2013 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","Practice/ANT","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C45477DD","conferencePaper","2012","Chaudoin, Stephen; Milner, Helen V.; Pang, Xun","International Systems and Domestic Politics: Linking Complex Theories with Empirical Models in International Relations","APSA 2012 Annual Meeting Paper","","","","https://www.princeton.edu/politics/about/file-repository/public/CMP_MLM_020612.pdf","","2012","2014-11-14 20:10:24","2014-11-14 20:10:24","2014-11-14 20:10:24","","","","","","","International Systems and Domestic Politics","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Chaudoin et al_2012_(International Systems and Domestic Politics).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C4EUS2SJ","journalArticle","2006","Xuetang, Guo","The Energy Security in Central Eurasia: the Geopolitical Implications to China's Energy Strategy","China and Eurasia Forum Quarterly","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-09-04 18:31:47","","117–137","","4","4","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C4RQMNSH","journalArticle","2007","Lin, Kun-Chin","With Strings Attached? Improving the Administration of Central State Financed Investment Projects in the PRC","Asian Journal of Political Science","","0218-5377","10.1080/02185370701731069","http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02185370701731069","This article takes a new look at the institutional core of China's economic planning—the State Development and Planning Commission (SDPC, 1998–2003)—focusing on its role in approving and fundraising for major capital investment projects. The primary objective of this inquiry is to identify changes in the network structure and procedures of inter-agency relations and central planners’ interactions with national legislators, which have produced a diversity of ‘organizational microclimates’ that shape the coherence of the national economic bureaucracy and central–local fiscal relations. Based on interviews of high-level officials and case studies of investment projects in energy, information technology, and transport sectors, it is argued that administrative reforms aiming to improve SDPC's regulatory capacity have been predicated on a concerted effort by key agencies and ministries under the State Council to reduce the window of opportunity for local and industrial interests to politicize capital allocation decisions. This finding suggests caution in interpreting contemporary China through the comparative lenses of a developmental state, a regulatory state, or a fiscal federalist system.","2007-12-01","2015-04-29 08:36:10","2015-05-04 18:23:17","2015-04-29 08:36:10","319-343","","3","15","","","With Strings Attached?","","","","","","","","","","","","Taylor and Francis+NEJM","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C4TAANIR","journalArticle","2008","Hunter, David R.; Handcock, Mark S.; Butts, Carter T.; Goodreau, Steven M.; Morris, Martina","ergm: A package to fit, simulate and diagnose exponential-family models for networks","Journal of statistical software","","","","http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2743438/","","2008","2015-06-20 10:58:06","2015-06-20 10:58:06","2015-06-20 10:58:06","nihpa54860","","3","24","","","ergm","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Hunter et al_2008_(ergm).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C5AHTMWA","journalArticle","2007","Büger, Christian; Gadinger, Frank","Reassembling and Dissecting: International Relations Practice from a Science Studies Perspective","International Studies Perspectives","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","","90–110","","1","8","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","almost; bruno; debate; disciplinary; introduction; ir; latour; makes; policy; practice; profession; quiet; relevance; remains; science; silenced; sociology; strangely; studies; The; this; way","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C5HTCTQQ","book","2009","Clunan, Anne L.","The social construction of Russia's resurgence : aspirations, identity, and security interests","","9780801891571","","","","","2009","2012-05-08 20:15:53","2014-09-04 20:22:23","","","","","","","","The social construction of Russia's resurgence","","","","","Johns Hopkins University Press","Baltimore","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","National security – Russia (Federation); Russia (Federation) – Foreign relations.","National security -- Russia (Federation); Russia (Federation) -- Foreign relations.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C5K5QCNH","journalArticle","2004","Lebedeva, M.","From prominence to decline: Russian studies of international negotiations","Communist and Post-Communist Studies","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","","121–133","","1","37","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","activity; and interpersonal relations; diplomacy; economy; International relations; introduction; negotiations and scholarship; negotiations penetrate all spheres; negotiation studies; of human life and; politics; powerful instrument invented by; social sciences; State; The; they are a very","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C5NKEX59","journalArticle","2008","Karacaovali, Baybars; Limão, Nuno","The clash of liberalizations: Preferential vs. multilateral trade liberalization in the European Union","Journal of International Economics","","0022-1996","10.1016/j.jinteco.2007.07.003","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022199607001134","Preferential trade agreements (PTAs) are characterized by liberalization with respect to only a few partners and thus they can potentially clash with, and retard multilateral trade liberalization (MTL). Yet there is almost no systematic evidence on whether the numerous existing PTAs actually affect MTL. We provide a model showing that PTAs hinder MTL unless they entail accession to a customs union with internal transfers. Using product-level tariffs negotiated by the European Union (EU) in the last two multilateral trade rounds we find that several of its PTAs have clashed with its MTL. However, this effect is absent for EU accessions. Moreover, we provide new evidence on the political economy determinants of trade policy in the EU.","2008-03","2013-11-15 11:07:02","2013-11-15 11:07:02","2013-11-15 11:07:02","299-327","","2","74","","Journal of International Economics","The clash of liberalizations","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C5XUFP8I","journalArticle","2010","Scheve, Kenneth; Stasavage, David","The Conscription of Wealth: Mass Warfare and the Demand for Progressive Taxation","International Organization","","","","","The dominant narrative of the politics of redistribution in political science and economics highlights the signature role of the rise of electoral democracy and the development of political parties that mobilize working-class groups. We argue in this article that this narrative ignores the critical role played by mass warfare in the development of redistributive public policies. Focusing attention on the determinants of progressive taxation, we argue that mobilization for mass warfare led to demands for increased taxation of the wealthy to more fairly distribute the burden for the war effort. We then show empirically that during the past century, mass mobilization for war has been associated with a notable increase in tax progressivity. In the absence of war, neither the establishment of universal suffrage, nor the arrival of political control by parties of the left is systematically associated with large increases in tax progressivity. In making these arguments, we devote particular attention to a “difference-in-differences” comparison of participants and nonparticipants in World War I.","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2014-09-04 18:31:54","","529–561","","04","64","","","The Conscription of Wealth","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C6MXJSUN","journalArticle","2010","Bugni, Federico A.","Bootstrap Inference in Partially Identified Models Defined by Moment Inequalities: Coverage of the Identified Set","Econometrica","","1468-0262","10.3982/ECTA8056","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.3982/ECTA8056/abstract","This paper introduces a novel bootstrap procedure to perform inference in a wide class of partially identified econometric models. We consider econometric models defined by finitely many weak moment inequalities,2 which encompass many applications of economic interest. The objective of our inferential procedure is to cover the identified set with a prespecified probability.3 We compare our bootstrap procedure, a competing asymptotic approximation, and subsampling procedures in terms of the rate at which they achieve the desired coverage level, also known as the error in the coverage probability. Under certain conditions, we show that our bootstrap procedure and the asymptotic approximation have the same order of error in the coverage probability, which is smaller than that obtained by using subsampling. This implies that inference based on our bootstrap and asymptotic approximation should eventually be more precise than inference based on subsampling. A Monte Carlo study confirms this finding in a small sample simulation.","2010","2013-09-17 10:30:41","2013-09-17 10:30:41","2013-09-17 10:30:41","735–753","","2","78","","","Bootstrap Inference in Partially Identified Models Defined by Moment Inequalities","","","","","","","en","© 2010 The Econometric Society","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","Quant","asymptotic approximation; bootstrap; inference; moment inequalities; partial identification; rates of convergence; subsampling","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C6N8GVJX","journalArticle","2012","Grzymala-Busse, Anna","Why Comparative Politics Should Take Religion (More) Seriously","Annual Review of Political Science","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-polisci-033110-130442","The study of religion holds great promise for the study of identity, institutional origins, the state, and the strategies of institutional actors in comparative politics. Doctrinal differences translate into distinct patterns of state institutions, economic performance, and policy preferences. Religious attachments affect voting and popular mobilization. Churches can become powerful institutional players that lobby, influence policy, and form effective coalitions with both secular and denominational partners. Finally, natural religious monopolies and (conversely) resolutely secular countries show how churches have played a central role in the struggle of nations and states. The relationship is thus mutual: religion influences political attitudes and institutions, and politics affects religious practice and political activity.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2012-09-06","421–442","","1","15","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ethnicity; institutions; political economy of religion; religious doctrine; the nation-state","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C6R9TV87","journalArticle","2009","Green, D. P.; Leong, T. Y.; Kern, H. L.; Gerber, A. S.; Larimer, C. W.","Testing the Accuracy of Regression Discontinuity Analysis Using Experimental Benchmarks","Political Analysis","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","","400–417","","4","17","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C78I5K4E","journalArticle","2000","Rodrik, Dani","Participatory Politics, Social Cooperation, and Economic Stability","The American Economic Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/117208","","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","","140–144","","2","90","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2000 American Economic Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C7FVUE8B","journalArticle","2009","Bilgin, Mert","Geopolitics of European natural gas demand: Supplies from Russia, Caspian and the Middle East","Energy Policy","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421509004108","","2009","2013-10-10 12:58:27","2013-10-10 12:58:27","2013-10-10 12:58:27","4482–4492","","11","37","","","Geopolitics of European natural gas demand","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C7R8RFQ6","conferencePaper","2010","Lerman, K.; Ghosh, R.","Information contagion: An empirical study of the spread of news on Digg and Twitter social networks","Proceedings of 4th International Conference on Weblogs and Social Media (ICWSM)","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C7W23B7C","bookSection","1978","Posner, Alan","Italy: Dependence and Political Fragmentation","Between Power and Plenty: Foreign Economic Policies of Advanced Industrial States","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/production/action/cjoGetFulltext?fulltextid=4281236","","1978","2014-11-07 17:15:00","2014-11-07 17:15:30","2013-10-10 12:42:51","","","","","","","","","","","","University of Wisconsin Press","Madison","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","Katzenstein, Peter J.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C8RFJST9","journalArticle","2005","Schatzki, Theodore","Book Review: On Interpretive Social Inquiry","Philosophy of the Social Sciences","","","","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-09-04 18:31:47","","231–249","","2","35","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","action; ends of social investigation; explanation of; expressive action; interpretive social science; multiple rationalities","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C8WA6GU2","journalArticle","2010","Pandya, Sonal S.","Labor markets and the demand for foreign direct investment","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0020818310000160","","2010","2014-11-04 22:02:22","2014-11-04 22:02:22","2014-11-04 22:02:22","389–409","","03","64","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Pandya_2010_(Labor markets and the demand for foreign direct investment).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C9B5MSIV","journalArticle","2001","Gergen, K. J.","Psychological science in a postmodern context.","American psychologist","","","","","","2001","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:23:10","","803","","10","56","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C9FR8M9P","journalArticle","2007","Lieber, Keir A.","The New History of World War I and What It Means for International Relations Theory","International Security","","","","http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/isec.2007.32.2.155","World War I looms large in international relations theory. The core concepts of defensive realism—the security dilemma, spiral model, and offense-defense balance—were largely inspired by this single historical case, and evidence from the war is frequently used to test explanations built on those concepts. The new historiography of World War I, however, challenges many of the long-held assumptions about the origins of the conflict. Newly available evidence strongly suggests that German leaders went to war in 1914 with eyes wide open. They provoked a war to achieve their goal of dominating the European continent, and did so aware that the coming conflict would almost certainly be long and bloody. Germany's leaders did not go to war with a bold operational blueprint for quick victory embodied in the Schlieffen Plan; they did not misjudge the nature of modern war; and they did not lose control of events on the eve of the conflict and attack out of fear that Germany's enemies would move first. In light of the new history, international relations scholars should reexamine their empirical understandings of this conflict, as well as their theoretical presuppositions about the causes of war.","2007","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2013-01-09","155–191","","2","32","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C9N4XVSI","journalArticle","2014","Lee, Hoon","Does Armed Conflict Reduce Foreign Direct Investment in the Petroleum Sector?","Foreign Policy Analysis","","1743-8594","10.1111/fpa.12079","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/fpa.12079/abstract","Existing studies argue that armed conflict reduces foreign direct investment (FDI) or, following rational expectations theory, should not affect FDI. In this paper, I offer a new theory on how armed conflict affects FDI, which encompasses the interaction between political risk and market conditions and provides a systematic explanation for investors’ divergent responses including an opportunistic behavior. To do so, I present a formal model focusing on a commodity's price, which is a key to investors’ profits and is also influenced by political risk. The model demonstrates that investors do not necessarily reduce FDI against political risk if armed conflict is expected to increase profit by increasing commodity prices, ceteris paribus. Statistical analysis of 50 countries that received FDI in the petroleum sector from 1980 to 2006 reveals that armed conflict (intrastate and interstate) reduces FDI in petroleum. However, it also shows that the effect of armed conflict on FDI in petroleum varies depending on oil prices. Consistent with the predictions, I find that investors do not decrease investment as oil prices get higher. An additional analysis on US FDI in petroleum from 1982 to 2006 also confirms the finding. This insight adds a new dimension to a current debate about the relationship between conflict and FDI.","2014-10-01","2014-10-14 22:25:05","2014-11-05 13:40:17","2014-10-14 22:25:05","","","","","","Foreign Policy Anal","","","","","","","","en","© 2014 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Lee_2014_(Does Armed Conflict Reduce Foreign Direct Investment in the Petroleum Sector).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C9P2XJRD","journalArticle","2014","Broz, J. Lawrence; Werfel, Seth H.","Exchange Rates and Industry Demands for Trade Protection","International Organization","","1531-5088","10.1017/S002081831300043X","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S002081831300043X","The recent confrontation between China and the United States over currency policy illustrates a broader phenomenon: exchange-rate misalignments tend to spill over into trade policy. Although previous studies have shown that aggregate protectionist activity is positively related to the level of the real effective exchange rate, we explore this relationship at the industry level. Several industry-specific characteristics determine the protectionist response to exchange rate changes, including the degree of exchange-rate pass-through, the level of import penetration, and the share of imported intermediate inputs in total industry inputs. We find that the marginal effect of currency appreciation on the number of industry-level antidumping petitions is positive and significant only for industries with high pass-through. Therefore, exchange rates appear to induce demands for trade barriers only in industries where competitiveness is directly harmed by currency appreciation.","2014-03","2015-03-25 18:30:10","2015-03-25 18:30:10","2015-03-25 18:30:10","393–416","","02","68","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Broz_Werfel_2014_(Exchange Rates and Industry Demands for Trade Protection).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "C9PA6T9T","book","2014","Hughes, Llewelyn","Globalizing Oil","","9781107041998","","","","Oil is the world's most important commodity. It is also one of the most politicized, with national oil companies controlling most of the world's reserves. Contrary to conventional wisdom, Llewelyn Hughes shows that governments across the advanced industrial states responded to the politicization of oil in the 1970s by freeing prices, lowering barriers to trade, and privatizing national oil companies. How did this come about? And why do some governments continue to support domestic firms? In answering these questions, Hughes shows that the politicization of oil also led to a transformation in oil market governance by changing the balance of risk and opportunities facing firms. He also shows that their ability to benefit from this change was conditioned by previous attempts to shape the competitive landscape in their favor. Hughes' study has important implications not only for the politics of oil, but also for the study of economic liberalization.","2014-01-16","2014-11-06 21:17:09","2014-11-06 21:17:19","","","267","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","New York","en","","","","","Google Books","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Hughes_2014_(Globalizing Oil).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CA375VEE","journalArticle","1988","Seery, J. E.","Politics as Ironic Community: On the Themes of Descent and Return in Plato's Republic","Political theory","","","","","","1988","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","","229–256","","2","16","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CAKKF7NU","journalArticle","2003","Yeaple, Stephen Ross","The complex integration strategies of multinationals and cross country dependencies in the structure of foreign direct investment","Journal of International Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002219960200051X","","2003","2014-09-29 19:47:31","2014-09-29 19:47:31","2014-09-29 19:47:31","293–314","","2","60","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2003/Yeaple_2003_(The complex integration strategies of multinationals and cross country).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CASTT3XN","bookSection","2014","Hernán, Miguel A.; Robins, James M.","Causal Inference Textbook pt. 1","","","","","","","2014","2014-09-29 02:37:08","2014-09-29 02:42:45","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Hernan_Robins_2014_(Causal Inference Textbook pt).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CB29CDZE","journalArticle","2011","Aghion, Philippe; Holden, Richard","Incomplete Contracts and the Theory of the Firm: What Have We Learned over the Past 25 Years?","Journal of Economic Perspectives","","","","https://ideas.repec.org/a/aea/jecper/v25y2011i2p181-97.html","Sanford Grossman and Oliver Hart used the theory of incomplete contracts to develop answers to the question ""What is a firm, and what determines its boundaries?"" in their path-breaking paper on ""The Costs and Benefits of Ownership: A Theory of Vertical and Lateral Integration"" ( Journal of Political Economy , 1986, vol. 94, no. 4). Perhaps the central issue is that economic actors are only boundedly rational and cannot anticipate all possible contingencies. It might well be that certain states of nature or actions cannot be verified by third parties after they arise, like certain qualities of a good to be traded in the future, and thus cannot be written into an enforceable contract. When contracts are incomplete, and consequently not all uses of an asset can be specified in advance, any contract negotiated in advance must leave some discretion over the use of the assets; and the ""owner"" of the firm is the party to whom the residual rights of control have been allocated at the contracting stage. The optimal allocation of property rights—or governance structure—is one that minimizes efficiency losses. This produces a theory of ownership and vertical integration as well as a theory of the firm. First we spell out Grossman and Hart's argument using a simple numerical example. Then we show how the incomplete contracts approach can be used to analyze the firms' internal organization; the firms' financial decisions; the costs and benefits from privatization; and the organization of international trade between inter- and intrafirm trade. We discuss several criticisms of the incomplete contracts/property rights methodology and review recent developments of the incomplete contracts approach.","2011","2015-02-13 02:11:42","2015-02-13 02:11:42","2015-02-13 02:11:42","181-97","","2","25","","","Incomplete Contracts and the Theory of the Firm","","","","","","","","","","","","RePEc - IDEAS","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Aghion_Holden_2011_(Incomplete Contracts and the Theory of the Firm).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CB4EPD4E","journalArticle","2008","Bas, Muhammet Ali; Signorino, Curtis S.; Walker, Robert W.","Statistical Backwards Induction: A Simple Method for Estimating Recursive Strategic Models","Political Analysis","","1047-1987, 1476-4989","10.1093/pan/mpm029","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/content/16/1/21","We present a simple method for estimating regressions based on recursive extensive-form games. Our procedure, which can be implemented in most standard statistical packages, involves sequentially estimating standard logits (or probits) in a manner analogous to backwards induction. We demonstrate that the technique produces consistent parameter estimates and show how to calculate consistent standard errors. To illustrate the method, we replicate Leblang's (2003) study of speculative attacks by financial markets and government responses to these attacks.","2008-12-21","2014-11-18 22:14:40","2014-11-18 22:14:40","2014-11-18 22:14:40","21-40","","1","16","","Political Analysis","Statistical Backwards Induction","","","","","","","en","","","","","pan.oxfordjournals.org","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Bas et al_2008_(Statistical Backwards Induction).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CBCXDSVB","journalArticle","2009","Walter, B. F.","Bargaining failures and civil war","Annual Review of Political Science","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.polisci.10.101405.135301","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2013-01-09","243–261","","","12","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CBN67FTX","journalArticle","1997","Milner, Helen V.; Rosendorff, B. Peter","Democratic Politics and International Trade Negotiations Elections and Divided Government As Constraints on Trade Liberalization","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/41/1/117","Elections affect both the probability of successful ratification and the terms of international trade agreements; domestic politics in its simplest form shapes international negotiations. Without elections, the extent of protection in a trade agreement increases with the degree of divided government, and the Schelling conjecture—whereby an international negotiator can point to a hawkish legislature to extract greater concessions from the foreign country—holds only when the legislature is not too hawkish. An election (where the executive anticipates the preferences of the legislature imperfectly) implies that when divisions in government rise, the probability of ratification failure increases, the expected outcome becomes more protectionist, and the executive's influence vis-à-vis the foreign country declines, thus challenging the Schelling conjecture.","1997","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2012-05-19","117–146","","1","41","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CBNBC3ND","journalArticle","2008","Gerring, John","The mechanismic worldview: Thinking inside the box","British Journal of Political Science","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0007123408000082","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2013-03-04","161–179","","01","38","","","The mechanismic worldview","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CBNHUCIM","journalArticle","2013","Michel, Torsten","When One World Is Not Enough: Patrick Jackson’s The Conduct of Inquiry as a Narrative of IR Meta-Theory","Millennium - Journal of International Studies","","0305-8298, 1477-9021","10.1177/0305829812463477","http://mil.sagepub.com/content/41/2/270","This article evaluates Patrick Jackson’s recent book The Conduct of Inquiry in International Relations. Jackson delivers a thoughtful and timely contribution to meta-theoretical debates in International Relations by highlighting the diverse landscape of incompatible philosophico-ontological positions. Specifically discussing the practical pay-offs of Jackson’s taxonomy, the article, though generally sympathetic to Jackson’s account, argues that he overlooks three interconnected areas: the myth-historical character of ‘International Relations’, the semantic heterogeneity or polysemy of his taxonomical categories, and the scope and nature of translation necessary to sustain his suggested methodological pluralism. These shortcomings question the stability and practical usefulness of his taxonomy and call for a more versatile, less static delineation of philosophico-ontological positions and an embrace of a plurality rather than a pluralism in International Relations meta-theory.","2013","2013-03-04 16:07:54","2013-03-04 16:09:29","2013-03-04 16:07:54","270-289","","2","41","","Millennium - Journal of International Studies","When One World Is Not Enough","","","","","","","en","","","","","mil.sagepub.com","","","","","","Qual","International Relations meta-theory","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CBP8IU3C","journalArticle","2015","Holmes, Marcus","Believing This and Alieving That: Theorizing Affect and Intuitions in International Politics","International Studies Quarterly","","1468-2478","10.1111/isqu.12201","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/isqu.12201/abstract","Rationalist models of decision making typically follow the general form of desire + belief = action. But determining an actor's beliefs and desires often proves challenging. One set of theories turns to psychology—and in particular emotions—to uncover how emotions help to shape and strengthen beliefs. Some of this work establishes a fit between emotions and the rationalist paradigm. It holds that emotions account for more than irrational behaviors; they also serve as a source of rational belief. Feeling, it claims, is believing. I argue that if actors belive in the reasonability of their feelings, then this move is warranted. But a range of behavior defies this logic. Instead, I suggest that actors often find themselves torn between contradictory affective intuitions, on the one hand, and rational beliefs, on the other. In consequence, they hold rational beliefs, but their resulting behavior qualifies as irrational. I apply existing work on the distinction between belief and alief to make sense of this phenomenon. I illustrate my claims through a rereading of the security dilemma—where irrational intuitions, in conjunction with rational beliefs, fuel conflict.","2015-05-01","2015-05-21 12:54:53","2015-05-21 12:54:53","2015-05-21 12:54:53","n/a-n/a","","","","","Int Stud Q","Believing This and Alieving That","","","","","","","en","© 2015 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Holmes_2015_(Believing This and Alieving That).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CBRTG7IM","journalArticle","2009","Morrison, Kevin M.","Oil, nontax revenue, and the redistributional foundations of regime stability","International Organization","","","10.1017/S0020818309090043","","Nontax revenues make up a substantial amount of government revenue around the world, though scholars usually focus on individual sources of such revenue, for example, foreign aid and state-owned oil companies! Using a theory of regime change that builds on recent models of the redistributional foundations of dictatorships and democracies, I generate hypotheses regarding all nontax revenue and regime stability. I argue that an increase in nontax revenue should be associated with less taxation of elites in democracies, more social spending in dictatorships, and more stability for both regime types I find support for all three of these hypotheses in a cross-sectional time-series analysis, covering all countries and years for which the necessary data are available Significantly, I show that the particular source of nontax revenue does not make a difference: they all act similarly with regard to regime stability and the causal mechanisms.","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-12-31 16:22:45","","107–138","","1","63","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CC8ASB4E","journalArticle","2012","Henne, Peter","Of Tornados and Earthquakes: Qualitative Historical Analysis and Changes in Turkey’s Foreign Policy","SSRN eLibrary","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2110098","What explains the seemingly sudden changes in Turkey’s foreign policy after the 2002 electoral victory of the Justice and Development Party (JDP)? Existing explanations are limited by their reliance on short-term causes. I draw on qualitative methodological tools for expanding the time horizons of studies to argue that the changes in Turkish foreign policy represent an “earthquake” rather than a “tornado;” the short-term effect -- the changes -- were the result of long-term changes in Turkish domestic politics, not short-term causes. Specifically, they are the result of a causal chain beginning with political and economic reforms in the 1980s that brought conservative religious elements into the political process, expanded the middle class, and undermined the power of the secularist old-guard; this did not result in changes to foreign policy, though, until a threshold was reached with the JDP’s election in 2002. The paper contributes to the development of qualitative methods, as well as debates on religion and politics and studies of Turkish politics.","2012","2012-08-09 20:23:03","2012-09-20 03:47:09","2012-08-09 20:23:03","","","","","","","Of Tornados and Earthquakes","","","","","","","","","","","","SSRN","","","","","","","qualitative methods; religion; Turkey","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CCANWC3A","book","1985","Bina, Cyrus","The economics of the oil crisis","","","","","http://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/5544644","","1985","2015-05-05 10:17:42","2015-05-05 10:18:22","2015-05-05 10:17:42","","","","","","","","","","","","St. Martin's Press","New York","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CCP9EEC5","journalArticle","2013","Goertz, Gary; Mahoney, James","For Methodological Pluralism A Reply to Brady and Elman","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/46/2/278","","2013","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2013-01-18","278–285","","2","46","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CCTIFRVF","journalArticle","2009","Underhill, Geoffrey R.D.","Political Economy, the ‘US School’, and the Manifest Destiny of Everyone Else","New Political Economy","","1356-3467","10.1080/13563460903087482","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13563460903087482","","2009","2012-05-06 19:23:54","2012-05-06 19:23:54","","347-356","","3","14","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Taylor&Francis","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CD5J4K6I","journalArticle","2009","Kerner, Andrew","Why should I believe you? The costs and consequences of bilateral investment treaties","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2008.01524.x/full","Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs) are the primary legal mechanism protecting foreign direct investment (FDI) around the world. BITs are thought to encourage FDI by establishing a broad set of investor’s rights and by allowing investors to sue a host state in an international tribunal if these rights are violated. Perhaps surprisingly, the empirical literature connecting BITs to FDI flows has produced conflicting results. Some papers have found that BITs attract FDI, while others have found no relationship or even that BITs repel FDI. I suggest in this paper that these results stem from statistical models that do not fully capture the causal mechanisms that link BITs to FDI. Extant literature has often suggested that BITs may encourage investment from both protected and unprotected investors, yet the literature has not allowed for a full evaluation of this claim. This paper explores the theoretical underpin- nings and empirical implications of an institution that works in these direct and indirect ways, and offers a statistical test that is capable of distinguishing between the two. The results indicate that: (1) BITs attract significant amounts of investment; (2) BITs attract this invest- ment from protected and unprotected investors; and (3) these results are obscured by endogeneity unless corrected for in the statistical model.","2009","2014-10-31 13:56:29","2014-11-05 13:15:59","2014-10-31 13:56:29","73–102","","1","53","","","Why should I believe you?","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Kerner_2009_(Why should I believe you).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CDMXJ33B","journalArticle","2007","Goldstein, Judith L.; Rivers, Douglas; Tomz, Michael","Institutions in International Relations: Understanding the Effects of the GATT and the WTO on World Trade","International Organization","","","10.1017/S0020818307070014","","","2007","2014-02-06 21:34:01","2014-02-06 21:34:01","","37-67","","01","61","","","Institutions in International Relations","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CDQVFHU4","book","2014","Sarbu, Bianca","Ownership and Control of Oil: Explaining Policy Choices across Producing Countries","","9780415725996","","","","","2014-07-10","2015-09-09 12:04:39","2015-09-09 12:04:39","","","218","","","","","Ownership and Control of Oil","","","","","Routledge","London : New York","English","","","","","Amazon","","","","","http://www.amazon.ca/Ownership-Control-Oil-Explaining-Producing/dp/0415725992","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CDX3S7EC","journalArticle","2015","Marsh, David; Akram, Sadiya; Birkett, Holly","The structural power of business: taking structure, agency and ideas seriously","Business and Politics","","","","http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/bap.ahead-of-print/bap-2015-0001/bap-2015-0001.xml","AbstractThe power of business is a very important issue for understanding the operation of democracy, but establishing the nature and extent of its power is not easy. We acknowledge that this is, in large part, an empirical problem and requires a more sophisticated conceptual framework to address it. Attempting to address this, the recent literature on the power of business has increasingly focused on the role of structure, agents and ideas. However, too little attention has been paid to how these concepts are defined and conceptualized. We argue that it is crucial to: specify the structures (economic/political/social) which we see as affecting the role of business; identify the agents, collective and individual, involved and how they interact; and specify which ideas are playing a role, at what level of generality and how these different ideas at different levels of generality interact. This article explores these issues through a critical consideration of the extant literature in order to provide a more developed framework for future empirical analysis.","2015-05-22","2015-06-30 10:56:30","2015-06-30 10:56:30","2015-06-30 10:56:30","","","0","0","","","The structural power of business","","","","","","","","","","","","www.degruyter.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Marsh et al_2015_(The structural power of business).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CEJAPGDQ","journalArticle","1993","Chaudhry, Kiren Aziz","The myths of the market and the common history of late developers","Politics and Society","","","","http://www.rochelleterman.com/ComparativeExam/sites/default/files/Bibliography%20and%20Summaries/Chaudhry%201993.pdf","","1993","2015-05-05 10:20:53","2015-05-05 10:20:53","2015-05-05 10:20:53","245–245","","","21","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1993/Chaudhry_1993_(The myths of the market and the common history of late developers).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CENUJVDG","journalArticle","2010","Dalgaard-Nielsen, Anja","Violent Radicalization in Europe: What We Know and What We Do Not Know","Studies in Conflict & Terrorism","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1057610X.2010.501423","When, why, and how do people living in a democracy become radicalized to the point of being willing to use or directly support the use of terrorist violence against fellow citizens? This question has been at the center of academic and public debate over the past years as terrorist attacks and foiled plots inspired by militant Islamism have grabbed European and American headlines. This article identifies and discusses empirical studies of radicalization and points to the strengths as well as the weaknesses characterizing these studies. The aim is to take stock of the current state of research within this field and to answer the question: From an empirical point of view, what is known and what is not known about radicalization connected to militant Islamism in Europe?","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2012-09-06","797–814","","9","33","","","Violent Radicalization in Europe","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CEP6M3WS","journalArticle","2010","Sage Mitchell, Jocelyn","Political and socioeconomic transformation in the GCC: Image and reality","History Compass","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1478-0542.2009.00663.x/full","","2010","2015-12-08 20:36:29","2015-12-09 18:45:24","2015-12-08 20:36:29","275–302","","3","8","","","Political and socioeconomic transformation in the GCC","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Sage Mitchell_2010_(Political and socioeconomic transformation in the GCC).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CEQW35EF","journalArticle","1983","Barbera, A.","On Music in Aristotle's Politics Carnes Lord: Education and Culture in the Political Thought of Aristotle.(Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1982. Pp. 219. 17.50.)","The Review of Politics","","","","","","1983","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","","616–620","","04","45","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CEUX4VZS","journalArticle","2011","Jiang, Julie; Sinton, Jonathan","Overseas investments by chinese National Oil Companies","International Energy Agency Report","","","","http://www.energianews.com/newsletter/files/8cc4d5d6b70eea5e72502ef1c50ce5fe.pdf","","2011","2014-09-24 22:27:31","2014-11-24 00:43:31","2014-09-24 22:27:31","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Jiang_Sinton_2011_(overseas investments by chinese National oil companies).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CFH789E2","report","2014","Prichard, Wilson; Salardi, Paola; Segal, Paul","Taxation, Non-Tax Revenue and Democracy: New Evidence Using New Cross-Country Data","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2496872","A large body of cross-country econometric research has investigated the possibility of a political resource curse, by which access to extensive natural resources reduces the extent of democracy and accountability. However, this literature has been plagued by problematic data and correspondingly inappropriate model specification. Dominant theories of the political resource curse focus on the political consequences of differences in the composition of government revenue, with greater reliance on non-tax revenue undermining democracy. However, most studies do not actually test this relationship: owing to the poor quality of government revenue data, they have focused instead on the impact of total resource income on democracy – a reasonable, but imperfect, approximation of the actual theory. Meanwhile, the robustness of those few studies that have focused on government revenue specifically is undermined by poor data quality. We overcome this problem by drawing on the newly created ICTD Government Revenue Dataset, which dramatically improves the quality of existing data and allows us to test directly the connection between the composition of government revenue and democracy. Employing this new data we re-test the most compelling econometric approaches from the existing literature, finding support for the existence of a political resource curse.","2014-09-01","2015-10-14 16:09:08","2015-10-14 16:09:08","2015-10-14 16:09:08","","","","","","","Taxation, Non-Tax Revenue and Democracy","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Prichard et al_2014_(Taxation, Non-Tax Revenue and Democracy)2.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2496872","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CG5JT5DQ","journalArticle","1983","Grossman, Sanford J.; Hart, Oliver D.","An Analysis of the Principal-Agent Problem","Econometrica","","0012-9682","10.2307/1912246","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1912246","Most analyses of the principal-agent problem assume that the principal chooses an incentive scheme to maximize expected utility subject to the agent's utility being at a stationary point. An important paper of Mirrlees has shown that this approach is generally invalid. We present an alternative procedure. If the agent's preferences over income lotteries are independent of action, we show that the optimal way of implementing an action by the agent can be found by solving a convex programming problem. We use this to characterize the optimal incentive scheme and to analyze the determinants of the seriousness of an incentive problem.","1983-01-01","2014-11-06 21:23:13","2014-11-06 21:23:13","2014-11-06 21:23:13","7-45","","1","51","","Econometrica","","","","","","","","","Copyright © 1983 The Econometric Society","","","","JSTOR","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1983/Grossman_Hart_1983_(An Analysis of the Principal-Agent Problem).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CG9G9F8R","report","2001","Maskin, Eric","On Indescribable Contingencies and Incomplete Contracts","","","","","https://ideas.repec.org/p/ads/wpaper/0008.html","No abstract is available for this item.","2001","2015-02-13 02:11:05","2015-02-13 02:11:05","2015-02-13 02:11:05","","","","","","","","","","","","Institute for Advanced Study, School of Social Science","","","","Economics Working Paper","","","RePEc - IDEAS","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2001/Maskin_2001_(On Indescribable Contingencies and Incomplete Contracts).pdf; /Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/CR9HHKH2/0008.html","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","0008","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CGUIT35I","newspaperArticle","2015","Elass, Jareer","Saudi Arabia Prepares for OPEC Clash as Succession Questions Linger","New Atlanticist (publication of the Atlantic Council)","","","","http://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/new-atlanticist/saudi-arabia-prepares-for-opec-clash-as-succession-questions-linger","Saudi Arabia will face pressure in Vienna this week from fellow members of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) to rethink the group’s strategy of sustained high oil output that is causing economic pain to most oil...","2015-12-01","2015-12-08 23:54:26","2015-12-08 23:55:25","2015-12-08 23:54:26","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CHJGR4WU","journalArticle","1994","Oneal, John R.","The affinity of foreign investors for authoritarian regimes","Political Research Quarterly","","","","http://prq.sagepub.com/content/47/3/565.short","","1994","2014-11-04 23:46:02","2014-11-04 23:46:02","2014-11-04 23:46:02","565–588","","3","47","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1994/Oneal_1994_(The affinity of foreign investors for authoritarian regimes).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CHTIN3CW","journalArticle","2014","Cuervo-Cazurra, Alvaro; Inkpen, Andrew; Musacchio, Aldo; Ramaswamy, Kannan","Governments as owners: State-owned multinational companies","Journal of International Business Studies","","0047-2506","10.1057/jibs.2014.43","http://www.palgrave-journals.com/jibs/journal/v45/n8/abs/jibs201443a.html","The globalization of state-owned multinational companies (SOMNCs) has become an important phenomenon in international business (IB), yet it has received scant attention in the literature. We explain how the analysis of SOMNCs can help advance the literature by extending our understanding of state-owned firms (SOEs) and multinational companies (MNCs) in at least two ways. First, we cross-fertilize the IB and SOEs literatures in their analysis of foreign investment behavior and introduce two arguments: the extraterritoriality argument, which helps explain how the MNC dimension of SOMNCs extends the SOE literature, and the non-business internationalization argument, which helps explain how the SOE dimension of SOMNCs extends the MNC literature. Second, we analyze how the study of SOMNCs can help develop new insights of theories of firm behavior. In this respect, we introduce five arguments: the triple agency conflict argument in agency theory; the owner risk argument in transaction costs economics; the advantage and disadvantage of ownership argument in the resource-based view (RBV); the power escape argument in resource dependence theory; and the illegitimate ownership argument in neo-institutional theory. After our analysis, we introduce the papers in the special issue that, collectively, reflect diverse and sophisticated research interest in the topic of SOMNCs. View full text","2014-10","2014-11-05 14:16:27","2014-11-05 14:16:27","2014-11-05 14:16:27","919-942","","8","45","","J Int Bus Stud","Governments as owners","","","","","","","en","© 2014 Academy of International Business","","","","www.palgrave-journals.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Cuervo-Cazurra et al_2014_(Governments as owners).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CHU8BF9Q","journalArticle","1991","Rodrik, Dani","Policy uncertainty and private investment in developing countries","Journal of Development Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/030438789190034S","","1991","2014-11-04 23:42:28","2014-11-04 23:42:28","2014-11-04 23:42:28","229–242","","2","36","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1991/Rodrik_1991_(Policy uncertainty and private investment in developing countries).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CIBS94K8","journalArticle","2005","Humphreys, Macartan","Natural Resources, Conflict, and Conflict Resolution: Uncovering the Mechanisms","The Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/30045129","The interpretation of the resource-conflict link that has become most publicized-the rebel greed hypothesis-depends on just one of many plausible mechanisms that could underlie a relationship between resource dependence and violence. The author catalogues a large range of rival possible mechanisms, highlights a set of techniques that may be used to identify these mechanisms, and begins to employ these techniques to distinguish between rival accounts of the resource-conflict linkages. The author uses finer natural resource data than has been used in the past, gathering and presenting new data on oil and diamonds production and on oil stocks. The author finds evidence that (1) conflict onset is more responsive to the impacts of past natural resource production than to the potential for future production, supporting a weak states mechanism rather than a rebel greed mechanism; (2) the impact of natural resources on conflict cannot easily be attributed entirely to the weak states mechanism, and in particular, the impact of natural resources is independent of state strength; (3) the link between primary commodities and conflict is driven in part by agricultural dependence rather than by natural resources more narrowly defined, a finding consistent with a ""sparse networks"" mechanism; (4) natural resources are associated with shorter wars, and natural resource wars are more likely to end with military victory for one side than other wars. This is consistent with evidence that external actors have incentives to work to bring wars to a close when natural resource supplies are threatened. The author finds no evidence that resources are associated with particular difficulties in negotiating ends to conflicts, contrary to arguments that loot-seeking rebels aim to prolong wars.","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2012-09-21","508–537","","4","49","","","Natural Resources, Conflict, and Conflict Resolution","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2005 Sage Publications, Inc.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CIC3PB3U","journalArticle","2015","Acharya, Avidit; Blackwell, Matthew; Sen, Maya","Detecting Direct Effects and Assessing Alternative Mechanisms","Working Paper","","","","","Exploring causal mechanisms has become a key objective for social scientists, with a rich tradition doing so via path analysis and structural equation model- ing. However, a growing literature has begun to critique the strong and often unrealistic assumptions needed for such analyses. In this paper, we show that researchers can weaken these assumptions and avoid serious additional biases by focusing on an intuitive quantity of interest, the controlled direct effect (Robins and Greenland, 1992). This quantity enables scholars to detect and rule out causal mechanisms associated with particular mediators. To estimate the controlled di- rect effect, we describe a simple estimation strategy from the biostatistics litera- ture (Robins, 1994; Vansteelandt, 2009) called sequential g-estimation. We fur- ther derive a consistent variance estimator and a novel sensitivity analysis. Two examples—one on ethnic fractionalization’s effect on civil war (Fearon and Laitin, 2003) and one historical plough use’s impact on contemporary female political participation (Alesina, Giuliano and Nunn, 2013)—illustrate the framework and methodology.","2015","2015-03-13 13:32:52","2015-03-13 13:34:01","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Acharya et al_2015_(Detecting Direct Effects and Assessing Alternative Mechanisms).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CIK2ERJD","journalArticle","1999","Lohmann, Susanne","What Price Accountability? The Lucas Island Model and the Politics of Monetary Policy","American Journal of Political Science","","0092-5853","10.2307/2991800","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2991800","This paper develops a model of an electoral cycle in inflation and output based on rational inflation expectations and rational retrospective voting. Voters are heterogeneous and partially informed about aggregate macroeconomic variables. They observe precisely how monetary policy stimulates their local economies, but their observations of economic activity in other sectors are imprecise. Voters extract information about the incumbent policymaker's economic competence from cross-sectoral spillover effects. The incumbent has incentives to generate preeleetion ""monetary surprises"" that stimulate the local economies and generate cross-sectoral spillover effects. He thereby creates an impression of economic competence and furthers his reelection prospects. His policy ma~ nipulations are the price of political accountability. On a positive note, the incumbent is more likely to survive voter scrutiny if he is more competent than the average political candidate.","1999","2014-11-06 21:13:18","2014-11-07 13:27:57","2014-11-06 21:13:18","396-430","","2","43","","American Journal of Political Science","What Price Accountability?","","","","","","","","Copyright © 1999 Midwest Political Science Association","","","","JSTOR","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1999/Lohmann_1999_(What Price Accountability).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CIRHKMXH","journalArticle","2014","Nelson, Stephen C.","Playing favorites: how shared beliefs shape the IMF's lending decisions","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0020818313000477","","2014","2015-02-15 03:30:20","2015-02-15 03:30:20","2015-02-15 03:30:20","297–328","","02","68","","","Playing favorites","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Nelson_2014_(Playing favorites).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CIRZB8X3","manuscript","2012","Liou, Y. M.; Musgrave, P.","Resource Wealth is an Amplifier, not a Curse: Evidence from Country-Level Effects of Exogenous Variation in Resource Endowments","","","","","http://www12.georgetown.edu/sfs/docs/mwp_2012_1.pdf","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2012-09-18","","","","","","","Resource Wealth is an Amplifier, not a Curse","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CIXTAGMP","journalArticle","2011","Leander, Anna","The Promises, Problems, and Potentials of a Bourdieu-Inspired Staging of International Relations","International Political Sociology","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","","294–313","","3","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CIZZWFZM","journalArticle","2001","Kaufman, R. R.; Segura-Ubiergo, A.","Globalization, domestic politics, and social spending in Latin America","World Politics","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/production/action/cjoGetFulltext?fulltextid=7667136","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2012-08-09","553–87","","4","53","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CJANVSQI","journalArticle","2006","Egger, Peter; Url, Thomas","Public Export Credit Guarantees and Foreign Trade Structure: Evidence from Austria","World Economy","","1467-9701","10.1111/j.1467-9701.2006.00790.x","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-9701.2006.00790.x/abstract","Foreign trade is usually not based on cash transactions, but rather sales on credit are the rule. The resulting monitoring costs for lenders and the risk of default on accounts receivable are part of the costs associated with cross-border goods transactions. Relative to domestic trade credit, cross-border credit creates trade barriers due to differences in language, business practice, jurisdiction and payment enforceability between trading partners. Export credit insurance has long been a domain of public export credit agencies. Only since the early 1980s private insurance is gaining ground. Using disaggregated panel data for goods exports from Austria over the period 1996 to 2002, we show that public export credit guarantees have a less than proportional positive effect on international trade volume. They predominantly affect the country structure of foreign trade but leave the industry specialisation almost unchanged.","2006","2013-11-15 10:44:30","2013-11-15 10:44:30","2013-11-15 10:44:30","399–418","","4","29","","","Public Export Credit Guarantees and Foreign Trade Structure","","","","","","","en","","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CJNXEPBE","journalArticle","2013","Fey, Mark; Meirowitz, Adam; Ramsay, Kristopher W.","Credibility and Commitment in Crisis Bargaining","Political Science Research and Methods","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S204984701300006X","","2013","2015-02-17 13:41:09","2015-02-17 13:41:09","2015-02-17 13:41:09","27–52","","01","1","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Fey et al_2013_(Credibility and Commitment in Crisis Bargaining).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CKE9MT4C","journalArticle","2011","Gray, Matthew","A Theory of ``Late Rentierism"" in the Arab States of the Gulf","CIRS Occasional Paper","","","","https://repository.library.georgetown.edu/handle/10822/558291","","2011","2015-07-16 09:25:44","2015-07-16 09:26:14","2015-07-16 09:25:44","","","","7","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Gray_2011_(A Theory of Late Rentierism in the Arab States of the Gulf).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CKITHD4B","journalArticle","2009","Seabrooke, Leonard; Tsingou, Eleni","Power Elites and Everyday Politics in International Financial Reform","International Political Sociology","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","","457–461","","4","3","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CKUFP28V","journalArticle","2001","Hahn, Jinyong; Todd, Petra; Van der Klaauw, Wilbert","Identification and estimation of treatment effects with a regression-discontinuity design","Econometrica","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1468-0262.00183/full","","2001","2015-02-02 23:08:34","2015-02-02 23:08:34","2015-02-02 23:08:34","201–209","","1","69","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2001/Hahn et al_2001_(Identification and estimation of treatment effects with a).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CMADRMM8","journalArticle","2007","Fearon, J. D.; Kasara, K.; Laitin, D. D.","Ethnic minority rule and civil war onset","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","","187–193","","01","101","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CMGM2Q3W","journalArticle","2004","Frye, Timothy; Mansfield, Edward D.","Timing is Everything Elections and Trade Liberalization in the Postcommunist World","Comparative Political Studies","","0010-4140, 1552-3829","10.1177/0010414003262907","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/37/4/371","In the wake of the Soviet bloc’s collapse, various postcommunist countries rushed to gain greater access to foreign markets. Many of them have made substantial progress in liberalizing commerce, but the movement toward free trade has been by no means universal. One prominent view is that the establishment of democratic institutions has stimulated economic reform in thepostcommunist world. The authors conduct one of the first studies on this topic and find that democracies are indeed more likely to liberalize trade than nondemocracies. They also find that the electoral calendar has a potent influence on the timing of commercial reform in postcommunist democracies: Controlling for a range of factors, politicians are most likely to reduce trade barriers immediately after voters go to the polls. Trade liberalization is much less likely to occur at other points in a democracy’s electoral calendar, and elections have no effect on commercial reform in nondemocracies.","2004-05-01","2014-02-06 19:21:13","2014-02-06 19:21:13","2014-02-06 19:21:13","371-398","","4","37","","Comparative Political Studies","","","","","","","","en","","","","","cps.sagepub.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CMIIUFDT","book","1997","Owen, John M","Liberal Peace, Liberal War: American Politics and International Security","","0801433193","","","","","1997","2012-05-05 12:04:15","2014-09-04 20:25:37","","","246","","","","","Liberal Peace, Liberal War","Cornell studies in security affairs","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca, N.Y","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","E183.7 .O94 1997","","","","","19th century; 1783-1865; 1865-1898; Crisis management in government; Foreign relations Case studies; History; History Case studies; Liberalism; United States","19th century; 1783-1865; 1865-1898; Crisis management in government; Foreign relations Case studies; History Case studies; Liberalism; United States","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CMJZ7R8H","journalArticle","2015","Selin, Jennifer L.","What Makes an Agency Independent?","American Journal of Political Science","","00925853","10.1111/ajps.12161","http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/ajps.12161","","2015-01","2015-06-30 11:52:01","2015-07-02 10:08:15","2015-06-30 11:52:01","n/a-n/a","","","","","","What Makes an Agency Independent?","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Selin_2015_(What Makes an Agency Independent).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CNC947ZF","journalArticle","2009","Caselli, Francesco; Cunningham, Tom","Leader behaviour and the natural resource curse","Oxford Economic Papers","","","","http://oep.oxfordjournals.org/content/61/4/628.short","","2009","2015-07-16 09:27:16","2015-07-16 09:27:16","2015-07-16 09:27:16","628–650","","4","61","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Caselli_Cunningham_2009_(Leader behaviour and the natural resource curse).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CNIHU88C","book","1998","Black, Duncan; Newing, R. A.; McLean, Iain; McMillan, Alistair; Monroe, Burt L.","The theory of committees and elections","","0792381106","","","","","1998","2012-09-06 12:40:09","2014-09-04 20:13:49","","","457","","","","","","","","","","Kluwer Academic Publishers","Boston","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JF1001 .B49 1998","","","","","Elections; Social choice; voting","Elections; Social choice; voting","","","","Newing, R. A.; McLean, Iain; McMillan, Alistair; Monroe, Burt L.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Rev. 2nd eds","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CNIJDG76","journalArticle","1999","Brooks, Stephen G.","The Globalization of Production and the Changing Benefits of Conquest","The Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/174658","This article examines the conditions under which conquest is likely to reap significant economic rewards. Scholars have largely focused on how the level of popular resistance within the vanquished country influences the benefits of conquest. What needs to be scrutinized in greater depth is how post-World War II economic transformations within the most advanced countries affect the benefits of conquest. This article focuses on examining one particular economic change that has been neglected for the most part in the security and peace literature: the globalization of production. The article delineates four recent changes in the structure of global production and outlines how each of these economic transformations alters the benefits of conquest. The collective impact of the arguments strongly indicates that the benefits of conquest have declined significantly in recent years within the most economically advanced countries.","1999","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2013-01-09","646–670","","5","43","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1999 Sage Publications, Inc.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CP73TXPQ","manuscript","2006","Kropatcheva, Elena","Russian Foreign Policy towards Ukraine : a Case of New Imperialism ?","","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2014-09-04 18:31:40","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CP8PT3DP","magazineArticle","2012","","Theme and variations","The Economist","","0013-0613","","http://www.economist.com/node/21542924","State capitalism is not all the same","2012-01-21","2014-12-14 04:56:13","2014-12-14 16:11:15","2014-12-14 04:56:13","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","The Economist","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CPXTKKCU","book","1962","Vygotsky, L. S.","Thought and Language","","","","","","","1962","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:27:12","","","","","","","","","","","","","MIT Press","Cambridge, MA","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CQ54MZVG","journalArticle","","Schultz, Kenneth; Goemans, Henk","Aims, Claims, and the Bargaining Model of War","","","","","https://www.princeton.edu/politics/about/file-repository/public/Schultz-Goemans-Bargaining-Model.pdf","","","2015-01-17 23:04:07","2015-01-17 23:04:07","2015-01-17 23:04:07","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/WP6TJ7KP/Schultz-Goemans-Bargaining-Model.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CQA8273U","journalArticle","2012","Lindquist, Martin A.","Functional Causal Mediation Analysis With an Application to Brain Connectivity","Journal of the American Statistical Association","","0162-1459, 1537-274X","10.1080/01621459.2012.695640","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01621459.2012.695640","","2012-12","2015-03-19 01:21:53","2015-03-19 01:21:53","2015-03-19 01:21:53","1297-1309","","500","107","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Lindquist_2012_(Functional Causal Mediation Analysis With an Application to Brain Connectivity).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CQT8FVC8","book","2004","Smith, Alastair","Election timing","","0521833639","","","","","2004","2013-04-22 01:21:16","2014-09-04 20:26:40","","","259","","","","","","Political economy of institutions and decisions","","","","Cambridge","Cambridge, UK ; New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JF1001 .S627 2004","","","","","Elections; Great Britain","Elections; Great Britain","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CQV7BWG2","journalArticle","2012","Bell, Stephen","The Power of Ideas: The Ideational Shaping of the Structural Power of Business","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2012.00743.x/abstract","Bell, Stephen. (2012) The Power of Ideas: The Ideational Shaping of the Structural Power of Business. International Studies Quarterly, doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2478.2012.00743.x \copyright 2012 International Studies AssociationIt is now widely accepted that the classic arguments regarding the “structural power” of business are too “structuralist.” Subsequent research has focused on a widening array of independent variables that shape the variability of such power. This paper extends this research tradition, arguing that structural power theory has given insufficient attention to governmental actors, typically the targets of such power. The paper argues that ideas and the ideational processes through which government and state leaders construct threat perceptions regarding structural power can be important in mediating such power. The literature on power typically argues that power shapes ideas and disciplines target subjects. This paper revises this logic by arguing that the ideas of target subjects can also shape power. The paper's arguments then are essentially constructivist, but the paper extends such arguments by insisting on a greater role for agency than is often found in constructivist reasoning.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2012-08-23","no–no","","","","","","The Power of Ideas","","","","","","","en","\copyright 2012 International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CR2W76FB","report","2006","Ivanov, Vladimir I.","Russia's Energy Politics: Focusing on New Markets in Asia","","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2014-09-04 18:31:52","","","","","","","","","","","","","ERINA","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CR6WGRZ6","journalArticle","2013","Cross, James P.","Everyone’s a winner (almost): Bargaining success in the Council of Ministers of the European Union","European Union Politics","","1465-1165, 1741-2757","10.1177/1465116512462643","http://eup.sagepub.com/content/14/1/70","This paper examines member state bargaining success in legislative negotiations in the European Union. Bargaining success is thought to be determined by factors attributable to intervention behaviour, relative policy positions and power. Intervention relates to a member state’s efforts to make its position known over the course of negotiations, relative policy positions relate to a member state’s position in the policy space under negotiation relative to other actors’ positions, and power refers to the size of the member state. New measures for bargaining success are introduced that account for the saliency of the legislative proposals under consideration. The results presented suggest that there are more winners than losers when measuring bargaining success.","2013-03-01","2013-07-08 17:05:48","2013-07-08 17:05:48","2013-07-08 17:05:48","70-94","","1","14","","European Union Politics","Everyone’s a winner (almost)","","","","","","","en","","","","","eup.sagepub.com","","","","","","Bargaining; EU","Actors and institutions; bargaining; Council of Ministers; decision-making; legislative studies","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CRHW3KVH","book","2005","Avant, Deborah D.","The market for force: the consequences of privatizing security","","0521850266","","","","","2005","2014-11-07 17:22:51","2014-11-07 17:23:06","","","310","","","","","The market for force","","","","","Cambridge University Press","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HV8290 .A83 2005","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CRZ7PRC2","journalArticle","2012","Kroneberg, Clemens; Kalter, Frank","Rational Choice Theory and Empirical Research: Methodological and Theoretical Contributions in Europe","Annual Review of Sociology","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-soc-071811-145441","Rational choice theory (RCT) constitutes a major approach of sociological theorizing and research in Europe. We review key methodological and theoretical contributions that have arisen from the increasing empirical application of RCT and have the potential to stimulate the development of RCT and sociology more generally. Methodologically, discussions have evolved around how to test RCT empirically and how to realize its ambition to give theory-guidance to social research. These discussions have identified the strengths and shortcomings of direct and indirect test strategies using survey or experimental data. Metatheoretically, different views have emerged about how to deal with counterevidence from applied fields of sociological research. Whereas some argue for a wide version of RCT that allows a broad set of auxiliary assumptions about preferences, expectations, and constraints, others advocate a major overhaul of RCT's core assumptions by incorporating additional concepts and mechanisms.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2012-09-06","73–92","","1","38","","","Rational Choice Theory and Empirical Research","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","framing; mechanisms; Methodology; test strategies; theoretical integration","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CS4HM8RE","journalArticle","2006","Orsenigo, L.","Clusters and clustering in biotechnology: stylised facts, issues and theories","","","","","http://oro.open.ac.uk/10101/1/Orsenigo_Clusters_in_BiotechnologyFinal.pdf","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2012-09-15","","","","","","","Clusters and clustering in biotechnology","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CS6KXVAP","journalArticle","1998","Schultz, K. A.","Domestic opposition and signaling in international crises","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/2586306","","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2015-03-17 15:42:09","2012-10-31","829–844","","4","92","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CSEMIANQ","journalArticle","2013","Cao, Xun; Milner, Helen V.; Prakash, Aseem; Ward, Hugh","Research Frontiers in Comparative and International Environmental Politics An Introduction","Comparative Political Studies","","0010-4140, 1552-3829","10.1177/0010414013509567","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/47/3/291","Given the recognition of the seriousness of climate change and other forms of environmental challenges, a growing number of political scientists are working in the environmental area. We have a substantial body of research examining local, regional, and global environmental issues. It is our sense that time is ripe for the field of international and comparative environmental politics to reflect on existing work, integrate it, and clearly articulate directions for future research. This special issue seeks to encourage scholars to systemically examine the roles of domestic and international factors, either alone or in interaction, to develop more nuanced models of environmental politics across space and time. We hope that the papers here will help to define the research frontier for the environmental politics field. Collectively, they exemplify recent efforts in comparative and international environmental politics that are, first, explanatory in orientation; second, cross levels of analysis in a way that transcends artificial subdisciplinary distinctions; and finally, are based on application of a variety of research methods and modeling techniques standard among the wider political science community.","2013","2014-04-17 18:52:39","2015-04-12 18:00:42","2014-04-17 18:52:39","291-308","","3","47","","Comparative Political Studies","","","","","","","","en","","","","","cps.sagepub.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CSI937ZW","bookSection","2010","Hertog, Steffen","Lean and mean: the new breed of state-owned enterprises in the Gulf monarchies","Industrialization in the Gulf: a Socioeconomic Revolution","9780415780353","","","http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/id/eprint/29853","","2010","2015-07-16 09:45:57","2015-07-16 09:47:03","2015-07-16 09:45:57","","","","","","","Lean and mean","","","","","Routledge","London","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","Seznec, Jean-Francois; Kirk, Mimi","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CTEH282H","journalArticle","2007","Pouliot, Vincent","Pacification Without Collective Identification: Russia and the Transatlantic Security Community in the Post-Cold War Era","Journal of Peace Research","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","","605–622","","5","44","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CTHUCAGN","journalArticle","2009","Palan, Ronen","The Proof of the Pudding is in the Eating: IPE in Light of the Crisis of 2007/8","New Political Economy","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13563460903087540","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","","385–394","","3","14","","","The Proof of the Pudding is in the Eating","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CTI56DF4","journalArticle","2015","Cannizzaro, Anthony P.; Weiner, Robert J.","Multinational investment and voluntary disclosure: Project-level evidence from the petroleum industry","Accounting, Organizations and Society","","0361-3682","10.1016/j.aos.2015.01.002","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0361368215000094","This paper analyzes the multinational enterprise’s decision to voluntarily disclose information regarding its investments, a choice we term investment transparency. When disclosing investment information, managers must weigh the costs and benefits of reducing asymmetries between the firm and three stakeholder audiences: capital markets, civil society and governments. We use a unique transaction-level dataset of reserve acquisitions by oil-industry multinationals compiled by IHS Herold to examine managerial decisions to reveal or withhold value-relevant information about firm investment. Contrary to the agency-theoretic motivations traditionally ascribed to voluntary disclosure, our results suggest institutional and informational factors drive investment transparency. We find that firms disclose less in cross-border transactions, more when societal expectations of transparency are high, and less when faced with political risk. These results should be of interest to scholars of accounting and international business, as well as managers and policy makers involved in the ongoing debate on transparency in the extractive industries.","2015-04","2015-11-19 18:29:33","2015-11-19 18:29:33","2015-11-19 18:29:33","32-47","","","42","","Accounting, Organizations and Society","Multinational investment and voluntary disclosure","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Cannizzaro_Weiner_2015_(Multinational investment and voluntary disclosure).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CTT3UWXV","book","1996","Fligstein, N.","Markets as politics: A political-cultural approach to market institutions","","","","","","","1996","2012-05-18 19:14:37","2014-09-04 20:22:56","","","","","","","","Markets as politics","","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CTTKFUN9","book","2009","Lucas, E.","The new cold war: Putin's Russia and the threat to the West","","","","","","","2009","2012-05-02 14:25:46","2014-09-04 20:24:52","","","","","","","","The new cold war","","","","","Palgrave Macmillan","New York","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CTWU9VV5","journalArticle","1986","Anderson, Erin; Gatignon, Hubert","Modes of Foreign Entry: A Transaction Cost Analysis and Propositions","Journal of International Business Studies","","0047-2506","","http://www.jstor.org.proxy.library.georgetown.edu/stable/154930","A ""frontier issue"" in international marketing is the appropriate choice of entry mode in foreign markets. The objective of this paper is to offer a transaction cost framework for investigating the entry mode decision. This framework provides 1) a theoretical basis for systematically interrelating the literature into propositions, 2) propositions about interactions which resolve the apparently contradictory arguments advanced to date. Specifically, the paper: bullet illustrates the feasibility of clustering 17 entry modes into the degree of control the mode provides the entrant; bullet proposes that the most appropriate (i.e., most efficient) entry-mode is a function of the tradeoff between control and the cost of resource commitment bullet advances testable propositions delimiting the circumstances under which each mode maximizes long-term efficiency. The entry mode literature is reviewed in the context of these propositions, and guidelines are derived for choosing the appropriate mode of entry, given certain characteristics of the firm, the product, and the environment.","1986-10-01","2014-11-13 23:32:54","2014-11-13 23:32:54","2014-11-13 23:32:54","1-26","","3","17","","Journal of International Business Studies","Modes of Foreign Entry","","","","","","","","Copyright © 1986 Palgrave Macmillan Journals","","","","JSTOR","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1986/Anderson_Gatignon_1986_(Modes of Foreign Entry).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CUAMHMRW","journalArticle","2009","Broockman, D. E.","Do Congressional Candidates Have Reverse Coattails? Evidence from a Regression Discontinuity Design","Political Analysis","","1047-1987, 1476-4989","10.1093/pan/mpp013","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/doi/10.1093/pan/mpp013","","2009-10-01","2014-09-29 02:16:44","2014-09-29 02:16:44","2014-09-29 02:16:44","418-434","","4","17","","","Do Congressional Candidates Have Reverse Coattails?","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Broockman_2009_(Do Congressional Candidates Have Reverse Coattails).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CUX3PF9P","journalArticle","2014","Guth, Andrew; Anderson, Robyn; Kinnard, Kasey; Tran, Hang","Proper Methodology and Methods of Collecting and Analyzing Slavery Data: An Examination of the Global Slavery Index","Social Inclusion","","","","http://cogitatiopress.com/ojs/index.php/socialinclusion/article/view/195","","2014","2015-04-15 18:19:38","2015-04-15 18:19:38","2015-04-15 18:19:38","14–22","","4","2","","","Proper Methodology and Methods of Collecting and Analyzing Slavery Data","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Guth et al_2014_(Proper Methodology and Methods of Collecting and Analyzing Slavery Data).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CVU25B8P","journalArticle","2007","Stritzel, H.","Towards a Theory of Securitization: Copenhagen and Beyond","European Journal of International Relations","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","","357–383","","3","13","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","delete; rename","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CW4IJDSP","journalArticle","1987","Beblawi, Hazem","The Rentier State in the Arab World","Arab Studies Quarterly","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/41857943","","1987","2015-07-16 08:56:38","2015-07-16 08:57:26","","383-398","","4","9","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CW99AEDG","book","1993","","Institutions for the earth: sources of effective international environmental protection","","","","","https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=C-M4SCLmPbUC&oi=fnd&pg=PR4&dq=Institutions+for+the+Earth&ots=mDfycSQRwT&sig=sCmhafwn8hZcr_7ttWJmbGhC0FY","","1993","2015-04-12 17:51:49","2015-04-12 17:51:49","2015-04-12 17:51:14","","","","","","","Institutions for the earth","","","","","MIT Press","Cambridge, MA","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","Haas, Peter M.; Keohane, Robert Owen; Levy, Marc A.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CWT3KVBT","journalArticle","2012","Latham, Andrew","A Pluralistic Science of IR","The Review of Politics","","","","http://resolver.scholarsportal.info/resolve/00346705/v74i0002/362_apsoi.xml","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","","362–364","","2","74","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CX3DE6V4","journalArticle","2014","Harrison, Tom; Kostka, Genia","Balancing Priorities, Aligning Interests Developing Mitigation Capacity in China and India","Comparative Political Studies","","0010-4140, 1552-3829","10.1177/0010414013509577","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/47/3/450","Debates about how to respond to climate change have largely focused on the difficulties in agreeing on national targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. By assuming that the main obstacle to emissions reduction lies in the inability to reach agreement internationally, the current debate underplays the challenges of building the state capacity that will be needed to ensure mitigation takes place. The implementation of mitigation strategies is far from straightforward. It requires careful balancing of competing priorities and deliberate strategies to bring different interest groups on board. We analyze the way this balancing act has been carried out in promoting energy efficiency measures in China and India. The balancing act has been done differently as each country has tailored its approach to the specific context of competing priorities and differing state capacity. We encapsulate these differences by referring to China’s approach as “state-signaling” and India’s approach as a “market-plus” approach. China’s approach is more explicitly statist than India’s, but in both countries, the state plays a central role in building the support base for its policies through processes that we describe as the bundling of policies and interests. These bundling strategies are used to help build informal coalitions in favor of energy efficiency measures.","2014-03-01","2015-04-12 18:01:52","2015-04-12 18:01:52","2015-04-12 18:01:52","450-480","","3","47","","Comparative Political Studies","","","","","","","","en","","","","","cps.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Harrison_Kostka_2014_(Balancing Priorities, Aligning Interests Developing Mitigation Capacity in).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CX8689DP","journalArticle","2003","Puglisi, Rosaria","Clashing Agendas? Economic Interests, Elite Coalitions and Prospects for Co-Operation between Russia and Ukraine","Europe-Asia Studies","","","10.1080/0966813032000123033","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/0966813032000123033","","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-12-31 16:27:57","","827–845","","6","55","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CXJPNKPH","journalArticle","2007","Cohen, Benjamin J.","The transatlantic divide: A rejoinder","Review of International Political Economy","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09692290701751266","ABSTRACT John Ravenhill and Richard Higgott and Matthew Watson, in commenting on my earlier article, accuse me of distortion, favoritism, and making the quality of debate of RIPE worse rather than better. Their criticisms, I suggest, reflect misunderstanding and are not supported by textual evidence.","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","","30–34","","1","15","","","The transatlantic divide","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CXN6TVHD","journalArticle","1999","Smith, James E.; McCardle, Kevin F.","Options in the Real World: Lessons Learned in Evaluating Oil and Gas Investments","Operations Research","","0030-364X","","http://www.jstor.org.proxy.library.georgetown.edu/stable/222889","Many firms in the oil and gas business have long used decision analysis techniques to evaluate exploration and development opportunities and have looked at recent development in option pricing theory as potentially offering improvements over the decision analysis approach. Unfortunately, it is difficult to discern the benefits of the options approach from the literature on the topic: Most of the published examples greatly oversimplify the kinds of projects encountered in practice, and comparisons are typically made to traditional discounted cash flow analysis, which, unlike the option pricing and decision analytic approaches, does not explicitly consider the uncertainty in project cash flows. In this paper, we provide a tutorial introduction to option pricing methods, focusing on how they relate to and can be integrated with decision analysis methods, and describe some lessons learned in using these methods to evaluate some real oil and gas investments.","1999-01-01","2014-10-01 22:35:20","2014-10-30 19:37:12","2014-10-01 22:35:20","1-15","","1","47","","Operations Research","Options in the Real World","","","","","","","","Copyright © 1999 INFORMS","","","","JSTOR","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1999/Smith_McCardle_1999_(Options in the Real World).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CXW2WVCT","journalArticle","2014","Dorsch, Michael T.; McCann, Fergal; McGuirk, Eoin F.","Democratic Accountability, Regulation and Inward Investment Policy","Economics & Politics","","09541985","10.1111/ecpo.12034","http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/ecpo.12034","","2014-07","2015-03-07 15:59:00","2015-03-07 15:59:00","2015-03-07 15:59:00","263-284","","2","26","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Dorsch et al_2014_(Democratic Accountability, Regulation and Inward Investment Policy).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CXW6EFDJ","report","2009","Inc., Msci","Examining Risk in GCC Markets - February 2009","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1346046","In this Research Bulletin, we review the recent risk environment in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries using the new and enhanced Barra Global Equity Model (GEM2). The main finding of this paper is that despite the segmented nature of the GCC markets, correlations of GCC countries' stocks with Developed and Emerging Markets have increased. Despite higher correlations and the large exposure of GCC markets to the Financial sector, risk forecasts for GCC markets have grown considerably less over the past year than for either Developed or Emerging Markets.","2009-02-18","2015-08-24 18:15:45","2015-08-24 18:15:45","2015-08-24 18:15:45","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Inc._2009_(Examining Risk in GCC Markets - February 2009).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 1346046","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CZF43I4F","journalArticle","2010","Mukherjee, Bumba; Singer, David Andrew","International Institutions and Domestic Compensation: The IMF and the Politics of Capital Account Liberalization","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2009.00417.x/full","","2010","2013-02-12 22:17:12","2014-09-04 20:25:23","2013-02-12 22:17:12","45–60","","1","54","","","International Institutions and Domestic Compensation","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CZNHRT7B","journalArticle","2009","Bremmer, Ian; Johnston, Robert","The rise and fall of resource nationalism","Survival","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00396330902860884","","2009","2014-09-17 11:10:30","2014-09-17 11:10:30","2014-09-17 11:10:30","149–158","","2","51","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Bremmer_Johnston_2009_(The rise and fall of resource nationalism).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CZSF76KH","manuscript","2007","Carter, D. B.; Signorino, C. S.","Back to the future: Modeling time dependence in binary data","","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "CZX7E65Z","journalArticle","2014","De Loecker, Jan; Goldberg, Pinelopi Koujianou","Firm Performance in a Global Market","Annual Review of Economics","","","10.1146/annurev-economics-080113-104741","http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-080113-104741","In this article, we introduce an empirical framework to analyze how firm performance is affected by increased globalization. Using this framework, we discuss recent work on measuring the impact of various shocks firms face in the global marketplace, such as reductions in trade costs (through lowering tariffs and abolishing quotas). Our analytical framework nests most empirical approaches to estimating the impact of trade and industrial policies on firms active in international markets. We identify outstanding issues surrounding the identification of the underlying mechanisms and conclude with suggestions for future research.","2014","2014-09-08 20:20:21","2014-09-08 20:20:21","2014-09-08 20:20:21","201-227","","1","6","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "D22A3QSU","journalArticle","2007","Benassy-Quere, Agnes; Coupet, Maylis; Mayer, Thierry","Institutional determinants of foreign direct investment","The World Economy","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-9701.2007.01022.x/full","","2007","2014-10-31 00:38:46","2014-10-31 17:30:30","2014-10-31 00:38:46","764–782","","5","30","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Benassy-Quere et al_2007_(Institutional determinants of foreign direct investment).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "D28KDEG5","journalArticle","2005","Abizadeh, A.","Does collective identity presuppose an other? On the alleged incoherence of global solidarity","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","","45–60","","1","99","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "D2AFATKC","book","1965","Greenstein, F. I.","Children and Politics","","","","","","","1965","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:23:24","","","","","","","","","","","","","Yale University Press","New Haven","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "D2RSIAZ2","journalArticle","2006","Mearsheimer, John J.","China's unpeaceful rise","Current History","","","","http://faculty.maxwell.syr.edu/rdenever/IntlSecurity2008_docs/Mearsheimer_ChinaUnpeacefulRise.pdf","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2013-01-09","160","","690","105","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "D3MEV8HC","journalArticle","1991","Snidal, Duncan","Relative gains and the pattern of international cooperation","American Political Science Review","","","","","","1991","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","","701–726","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "D3RPQ7G7","journalArticle","2014","Fouirnaies, Alexander; Hall, Andrew B.","The Financial Incumbency Advantage: Causes and Consequences","The Journal of Politics","","0022-3816, 1468-2508","10.1017/S0022381614000139","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1017/S0022381614000139","","2014-07","2015-05-06 16:20:02","2015-05-06 16:20:02","2015-05-06 16:20:02","711-724","","03","76","","","The Financial Incumbency Advantage","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Fouirnaies_Hall_2014_(The Financial Incumbency Advantage).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "D3VJA3G6","journalArticle","2012","Solomon, Ty","The Turn to Psychology in Constructivism","International Studies Review","","","","http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/misr.12007","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2013-03-20","637–639","","4","14","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "D3ZWZIN4","book","1972","","The economic and political consequences of multinational enterprise: an anthology","","0875840981","","","","","1972","2014-11-07 17:19:17","2014-11-07 17:19:38","","","236","","","","","The economic and political consequences of multinational enterprise","","","","","Division of Research, Graduate School of BusinessAdministration, Harvard University","Boston","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD69.I7 V39","","","","","","","Vernon, Raymond","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "D45KHWWE","journalArticle","2015","Lockwood, Matthew","Fossil Fuel Subsidy Reform, Rent Management and Political Fragmentation in Developing Countries","New Political Economy","","1356-3467","10.1080/13563467.2014.923826","http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13563467.2014.923826","Over the last decade, pressure to reduce subsidies for energy (especially fossil fuels) in developing countries has mounted, but reform is politically controversial. The debate on reform is dominated by a liberal narrative that employs an understanding of energy subsidies as political rent, based on public choice theory. Here, it is argued that this approach takes too static and limited a view of rent, and that engagement with theories of the state in the development process suggests a more dynamic view. The degree of centralisation of political power is also argued to be a key factor in the use and reform of subsidy. This application of the framework is then illustrated in the case of Indonesia. Finally, implications for reform strategies are drawn out.","2015-07-04","2015-06-30 15:56:17","2015-06-30 15:56:17","2015-06-30 15:56:17","475-494","","4","20","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Taylor and Francis+NEJM","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Lockwood_2015_(Fossil Fuel Subsidy Reform, Rent Management and Political Fragmentation in).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "D479FIVI","report","2009","Natto, Khalid I.","Tadawul, the Saudi Arabian Stock Market & Nasdaq Dubai","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1545682","As the GCC continues to merge and use the same software platforms and exchanges in America and Europe, it should be easier to attain Fair Market Value for both equities and bonds in the region. This is just another step in The Master Plan that has thus far brought local lenders and borrowers together with opportunities to finance the development of the region with meticulous attention to detail. The results of implementing this strategy are available on the satellite image below. Of course the creditworthiness of the region is obvious with the Eighth Wonders of the World in terms of Architectural Masterpieces. This type of tangible evidence should be reflected in the ratings of S&P, Moodys, and Fitch. Our aim is simply to apply the principles of Economics found in Adam Smith's book ""The Wealth of Nations"". Specifically to the chapters referring to the principles of FREEDOM OF CASHFLOW. Which basically states that cash should flow to investments with the highest possible return, with the appropriate risk valuation. Lets take a closer look at the latest efforts to level the playing field and enhance transparency through the financial markets in the GCC Region.Capacity and Utilization of Both Exchanges:The Tadawul Exchange uses ""SAXESS"" has more capacity than the Nasdaq Dubai Exchange. Although Tadawul is currently carrying a mere 128 stocks, 4 Sukuk Istithmar Islamic Bonds, & mutual funds, it is prime for a major expansion. The pipeline for IPO's of Equities, mutual funds, and Islamic Bonds is full. Mandates have been signed and the prospects for the GCC region are huge.Tadawul, The Saudi Arabian Stock Market:On the other hand the Nasdaq Dubai Exchange uses the ""X Stream"" platform, which is currently experiencing very little volume. There is less than twenty equities listed, less than twenty Conventional Bonds, less than Twenty Islamic Bonds, and less than twenty STRUCTURED Products on the NASDAQ Dubai. For further details on listings on the exchange please refer to the PDF's on the website.A Comparison of the two Software Platforms:We have done a thorough analysis of Tadawul vs Nasdaq Dubai from a variety of perspectives. Lets discuss the platform of the computer exchange. Tadawul uses the more powerful ""SAXESS"" platform, while the Dubai Stock Exchange ( now called Nasdaq Dubai), has implemented another product of OMX that is called ""X-stream"", which is used for small-medium size exchanges. Both products are made and implemented by Nasdaq OMX, which is the new name for the merged Nasdaq and Netherlands OMX Exchanges. By definition the Nasdaq OMX exchange's software platform ranges from America to Europe to the Middle East.The affiliations with the Nasdaq OMX software platform's should facilitate the growth of Islamic Finance in the Region and the World. We firmly believe that the listing of Islamic Bonds ""Sukuk"" is the best way to increase the secondary market for Islamic Finance. As portfolio managers see them trading on an exchange confidence is boosted through price transparency.We are living in exciting times gentlemen The GCC Region seems to have the most growth potential in the Current Global Economy. They have designed a SELF SUSTAINING GROWTH STRATEGY that entails excelling in real estate development. Specifically in terms:A. Industrial Development = Economic Cities full of manufacturing plants, universities, medical research laboratories, entertainment centers, new airports, marine ports, trains, etc.B. Commercial Development = Shopping malls that serve as distribution outlets.C. Residential Development = Both luxurious homes and apartment buildings.The aforementioned formula will spurr growth in both jobs and innovation. The Economic Cities are running an aggressive marketing campaign inviting Fortune 500 Companies to set up manufacturing plants in the region. Thus vitalizing both the local and international economy.The GCC region has huge growth potential that is fueled by real estate development and an ingenious economic master plan. The GCC Economic Model is truly visionary as it incorporates the latest technology in the financial markets to facilitate the development of the region. Please take a look at our interactive maps and explore the Architectural Masterpieces.","2009-04-09","2015-08-24 18:15:02","2015-08-24 18:15:02","2015-08-24 18:15:02","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Natto_2009_(Tadawul, the Saudi Arabian Stock Market & Nasdaq Dubai).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 1545682","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "D4E2DV24","journalArticle","1999","Boix, C.","Setting the rules of the game: the choice of electoral systems in advanced democracies","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/2585577","","1999","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2012-08-09","609–624","","","","","","Setting the rules of the game","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "D4KBKNNE","journalArticle","2005","Longhi, Luca; Saatman, Kathryn E.; Fujimoto, Scott; Raghupathi, Ramesh; Meaney, David F.; Davis, Jason; McMillan, Asenia; Conte, Valeria; Laurer, Helmut L.; Stein, Sherman","Temporal window of vulnerability to repetitive experimental concussive brain injury","Neurosurgery","","","","http://journals.lww.com/neurosurgery/Abstract/2005/02000/Temporal_Window_of_Vulnerability_to_Repetitive.30.aspx","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2013-04-02","364–374","","2","56","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "D5AWCF9P","journalArticle","2015","Culpepper, Pepper","Structural power and political science in the post-crisis era : Business and Politics","Business and Politics","","","","http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/bap.ahead-of-print/bap-2015-0031/bap-2015-0031.xml","This essay highlights productive ways in which scholars have reanimated the concept of structural power to explain puzzles in international and comparative politics. Past comparative scholarship stressed the dependence of the state on holders of capital, but it struggled to reconcile this supposed dependence with the frequent losses of business in political battles. International relation (IR) scholars were attentive to the power of large states, but mainstream IR neglected the ways in which the structure of global capitalism makes large companies international political players in their own right. To promote a unified conversation between international and comparative political economy, structural power is best conceptualized as a set of mutual dependencies between business and the state. A new generation of structural power research is more attentive to how the structure of capitalism creates opportunities for some companies (but not others) vis-à-vis the state, and the ways in which that structure creates leverage for some states (but not others) to play off companies against each other. Future research is likely to put agents – both states and large firms – in the foreground as political actors, rather than showing how the structure of capitalism advantages all business actors in the same way against non-business actors.","2015","2015-08-24 16:04:22","2015-08-24 16:05:34","2015-08-24 16:04:22","","","2","17","","","Structural power and political science in the post-crisis era","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "D5D4GBW3","manuscript","2014","Patty, John W.","Signaling Through Obstruction","","","","","https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/content_link/rwPmOyYrcrJnTgsJNDYxIwRVAhs8jOqXkCOzBoCCtr96iDP9BDt6TK6UW47qNFCm","","2014","2014-10-15 22:44:25","2014-10-15 22:45:57","2014-10-15 22:44:00","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Patty_2014_(Signaling Through Obstruction).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "D5NSTC8A","journalArticle","2012","Mattern, Janice Bially","Rethinking National Power? From IR Theory to Foreign Policy Practice","International Studies Review","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2486.2012.01122.x/abstract","Bially Mattern, Janice. (2012) Rethinking National Power? From IR Theory to Foreign Policy Practice. International Studies Review, doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2486.2012.01122.x","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2012-06-20","358–360","","2","14","","","Rethinking National Power?","","","","","","","en","\copyright 2012 International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "D5V4I5GN","journalArticle","2004","Rubin, M.; Hewstone, M.","Social identity, system justification, and social dominance: commentary on Reicher, Jost et al., and Sidanius et al.","Political Psychology","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2014-09-04 18:31:59","","823–844","","6","25","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "D79SGH27","report","2014","Dobson, Wendy","China's State-Owned Enterprises and Canada's FDI Policy","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2416422","CNOOC Ltd., Prime Minister Stephen Harper offered an explanation to clarify the government’s evolving position on takeovers from foreign state-owned enterprises. But rather than clarifying, the government succeeded instead in adding further ambiguity to an already opaque approvals process. Such takeovers would face “strengthened scrutiny” over the extent and nature of the foreign government’s corporate control, he said, and would only be permitted in “exceptional circumstance.” In other words, an approvals process already contingent on subjective judgment — thanks to the lack of transparency inherent in the pivotal “net-benefits test,” and the onus it puts on the bidder to prove itself a worthy buyer — would now involve even more layers of subjective judgment. This is particularly ironic given that, as Canada’s foreign-investment rules become cloudier and more prone to government interference, in China itself, regimes governing foreign direct investment (FDI) and state-owned enterprises are becoming increasingly transparent and market-oriented.The government’s enhanced stringency may be a response to popular fears that China is “buying up” Canadian assets. Such fears are, for the time being at least, overblown: China’s global outward FDI stocks are still lower than Canada’s, and a fraction of those held by the U.S., the U.K. and Germany — although China will undoubtedly continue to expand its foreign investment portfolio. But China’s investment strategies are little different these days than those of western investors: China’s government has planned to reduce its role in commercial decision-making, and seems more comfortable with allowing both nationalized and (increasingly) private businesses to pursue growth based on maximizing shareholder value, rather than enhancing national security. Moreover, modern governance practices are now gradually being introduced to the Chinese corporate world, with boards becoming more independent from the state, and improved transparency in accounting and auditing practices.Whatever worries Canadians may have about Chinese state-owned enterprises investing in anada, raising investment barriers is a blunt and flawed solution. Rather than block Chinese capital, Canadian regulators should monitor the behaviour of all firms to ensure standards are met for safety, environment, labour laws, transparency and national security. Closing off Canadian companies to Chinese bidders can hurt Canada’s economy. It could increase risk for, and discourage, private-equity investors who often see foreign takeovers as a possible exit strategy, while potentially sheltering poorly managed firms from takeovers, dragging down our economic efficiency. Furthermore, Canada may well need access to Chinese capital in order for the oilsands to reach their full economic potential. The Canadian Energy Research Institute estimates that, to achieve full development, the oilsands will require $100 billion in capital investment to 2019. Currently, Chinese investment controls roughly two per cent of Canada’s total FDI stocks. If that proportion remained constant, China could — based on the projected scale of its FDI by 2020 — provide 40 per cent of the estimated funding required to optimally develop the oilsands. If Canadian markets prove hostile, Chinese capital will, of course, find assets elsewhere. But as long as regulators enforce practices that safeguard Canadian interests, there is no reason for Canada to impede Chinese investment. Indeed, there is good reason to encourage it.","2014-03-26","2015-02-27 23:27:53","2015-02-27 23:27:53","2015-02-27 23:27:53","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Dobson_2014_(China's State-Owned Enterprises and Canada's FDI Policy).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2416422","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "D7TFFP6X","journalArticle","1998","Rodrik, D.","Globalisation, social conflict and economic growth","The World Economy","","","","","","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2014-09-04 18:31:41","","143–158","","2","21","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "D7ZGUAFW","magazineArticle","2012","","And the winner is…","The Economist","","0013-0613","","http://www.economist.com/node/21542926","For all its successes, state capitalism has fatal flaws","2012-01-21","2014-12-14 04:57:24","2014-12-14 04:57:24","2014-12-14 04:57:24","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","The Economist","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "D8AGCAX5","journalArticle","2007","Donald, Stephen G.; Lang, Kevin","Inference with difference-in-differences and other panel data","The Review of Economics and Statistics","","","","http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/rest.89.2.221","","2007","2015-02-02 23:06:15","2015-02-02 23:06:25","2015-02-02 23:06:15","221–233","","2","89","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Donald_Lang_2007_(Inference with difference-in-differences and other panel data).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "D926AZVQ","journalArticle","2014","Prichard, Wilson; Salardi, Paola; Segal, Paul","Taxation, Non-Tax Revenue and Democracy: New Evidence Using New Cross-Country Data","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2496872","","2014","2015-07-16 09:30:07","2015-07-16 09:30:07","2015-07-16 09:30:07","","","","","","","Taxation, Non-Tax Revenue and Democracy","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Prichard et al_2014_(Taxation, Non-Tax Revenue and Democracy).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "D955JECR","journalArticle","2008","Gelman, Andrew; Huang, Zaiying","Estimating Incumbency Advantage and Its Variation, as an Example of a Before–After Study","Journal of the American Statistical Association","","0162-1459, 1537-274X","10.1198/016214507000000626","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1198/016214507000000626","","2008-06","2015-05-04 16:29:53","2015-05-04 16:29:53","2015-05-04 16:29:53","437-446","","482","103","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Gelman_Huang_2008_(Estimating Incumbency Advantage and Its Variation, as an Example of a).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "D98HI4QB","journalArticle","2010","Kitayama, Shinobu; Park, Jiyoung","Cultural neuroscience of the self: understanding the social grounding of the brain.","Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci","","1749-5024","10.1093/scan/nsq052","","Cultural neuroscience is an interdisciplinary field of research that investigates interrelations among culture, mind and the brain. Drawing on both the growing body of scientific evidence on cultural variation in psychological processes and the recent development of social and cognitive neuroscience, this emerging field of research aspires to understand how culture as an amalgam of values, meanings, conventions, and artifacts that constitute daily social realities might interact with the mind and its underlying brain pathways of each individual member of the culture. In this article, following a brief review of studies that demonstrate the surprising degree to which brain processes are malleably shaped by cultural tools and practices, the authors discuss cultural variation in brain processes involved in self-representations, cognition, emotion and motivation. They then propose (i) that primary values of culture such as independence and interdependence are reflected in the compositions of cultural tasks (i.e. daily routines designed to accomplish the cultural values) and further (ii) that active and sustained engagement in these tasks yields culturally patterned neural activities of the brain, thereby laying the ground for the embodied construction of the self and identity. Implications for research on culture and the brain are discussed","2010","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:24:34","","111-29","","2-3","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Brain; culture; Ego; extramural; Hippocampus; Humans; Mental Processes; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurosciences; n.i.h.; non-p.h.s.; research support; review; Space Perception; u.s. gov't","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "D9CHR9CG","journalArticle","2013","Mearsheimer, John J.; Walt, Stephen M.","Leaving theory behind: Why simplistic hypothesis testing is bad for International Relations","European Journal of International Relations","","1354-0661, 1460-3713","10.1177/1354066113494320","http://ejt.sagepub.com/content/19/3/427","Theory creating and hypothesis testing are both critical components of social science, but the former is ultimately more important. Yet, in recent years, International Relations scholars have devoted less effort to creating and refining theories or using theory to guide empirical research. Instead, they increasingly focus on ‘simplistic hypothesis testing,’ which emphasizes discovering well-verified empirical regularities. Privileging simplistic hypothesis testing is a mistake, however, because insufficient attention to theory leads to misspecified empirical models or misleading measures of key concepts. In addition, the poor quality of much of the data in International Relations makes it less likely that these efforts will produce cumulative knowledge. This shift away from theory and toward simplistic hypothesis testing reflects a long-standing desire to professionalize and expand the International Relations field as well as the short-term career incentives of individual scholars. This tendency is also widening the gap between the ivory tower and the real world, making International Relations scholarship less useful to policymakers and concerned citizens. Unfortunately, this trend is likely to continue unless there is a collective decision to alter prevailing academic incentives.","2013-09-01","2013-09-06 11:03:38","2013-09-06 11:03:38","2013-09-06 11:03:38","427-457","","3","19","","European Journal of International Relations","Leaving theory behind","","","","","","","en","","","","","ejt.sagepub.com","","","","","","","cumulative knowledge; hypothesis testing; policy-relevance; professional norms; scientific realism","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "D9MTQQD6","book","2002","Moghaddam, F. M.","The individual and society: A cultural integration","","","","","","","2002","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:25:17","","","","","","","","","","","","","Worth","New York","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "D9S565IW","journalArticle","2014","Konrad, Kai A.; Cusack, Thomas R.","Hanging Together or Hanged Separately The Strategic Power of Coalitions where Bargaining Occurs with Incomplete Information","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","0022-0027, 1552-8766","10.1177/0022002713487319","http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/58/5/920","What is the strategic role of membership in an intergovernmental group with unanimity requirements if the group negotiates with an external player in a setting with incomplete information? Being in such a group has a strategic effect compared to negotiating as a stand-alone player and reduces the demands of the outside player. Group membership lends additional bargaining power. Negotiating as a group may also cause more inefficiencies due to bargaining failure, and this may harm also the intergovernmental group. We uncover the role of preference alignment and preference independence between members of the coalition group for equilibrium payoffs and welfare effects. In this analysis, we also distinguish between coalition groups with and without side payments. Overall, coalition groups tend to perform well for the members of the coalition group in comparison to fully decentralized negotiations, particularly if the objectives of the members of the coalition group are not always perfectly aligned.","2014-08-01","2014-09-08 20:34:02","2014-09-08 20:34:02","2014-09-08 20:34:02","920-940","","5","58","","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","","","","","en","","","","","jcr.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Konrad_Cusack_2014_(Hanging Together or Hanged Separately The Strategic Power of Coalitions where).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DAB7MDBD","report","2013","Parsons, Craig","Constructivism and its Alternatives","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2301501","Constructivist scholarship about ideas, identities, norms, practices, and other social constructs is now common in political science. Yet its status in the discipline seems partly separate-but-equal rather than fully accepted. Many non-constructivists do not engage constructivist work, and some leading constructivists describe their scholarly enterprise as somewhat distinct. While constructivists are not solely (or even mainly) to blame for this divide, a path to fuller engagement begins by challenging the arguments — penned mainly by constructivists themselves — that situate constructivism partly in its own space of inquiry: the explanation/understanding line inspired by Weber, the causal/constitutive line developed by Wendt, and (less well known) a methodologically-holist avoidance of competing alternatives most strongly associated with Bourdieu. Far from diluting constructivism into a middle ground or compromising constructivist insights, fuller empirical engagement with non-constructivist alternatives will strengthen constructivism on its own terms. Most importantly, constructivists will gain from competing with alternatives whether or not non-constructivists reciprocate by dropping their own segregationist views.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2013-09-03","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2301501","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DADUU4JD","report","2012","Musacchio, Aldo; Lazzarini, Sérgio G.; Bruschi, Claudia","Do CEOs of State-Owned Enterprises Matter? Evidence from Brazil, 1973-1993","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2096210","We study if CEOs and their backgrounds matter for the performance of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) exploiting the fact that these companies had different CEOs (with different backgrounds) in different moments in time. We construct a database of Brazilian SOEs between 1973 and 1993 and make three tests. First, we use variance decomposition to study CEO effects. Second, we look at how much of the variation in performance can be explained by CEOs who switch companies. Third, we test if CEO background and ability matter for performance. We find sizable effects of CEOs on performance, especially for military managers and those who attended top universities.","2012-06-26","2015-02-27 23:23:59","2015-02-27 23:23:59","2015-02-27 23:23:59","","","","","","","Do CEOs of State-Owned Enterprises Matter?","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Musacchio et al_2012_(Do CEOs of State-Owned Enterprises Matter).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2096210","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DAEPXTPQ","journalArticle","2015","Wilson, Jeffrey D.","Multilateral Organisations and the Limits to International Energy Cooperation","New Political Economy","","1356-3467","10.1080/13563467.2013.872611","http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13563467.2013.872611","Surging world energy prices, increasing oil market volatility and a nascent ‘energy transition’ are posing major challenges for global energy governance. In response, there has been a proliferation in the number of multilateral bodies addressing energy issues in recent years, and a wide range of organisations now claim a role in facilitating intergovernmental energy cooperation. However, the practical achievements of these organisations have been very poor, with all suffering difficulties that have limited their ability to promote shared energy interests between states. This article examines the dynamics of multilateral energy organisations, arguing that the political economy features of energy – securitisation and attendant patterns of economic nationalism – explain why they have failed to develop more robust cooperative mechanisms. Ten global-level organisations are evaluated and found to suffer from membership, design or commitment issues that limit their effectiveness in global energy governance. These challenges are linked to the securitisation of energy, which has led governments to favour low-cost soft-law approaches over potentially more effective hard-law institutional designs. Moreover, the securitisation of energy poses limits for how far multilateral energy cooperation can proceed and means that contemporary efforts to strengthen these organisations are unlikely to succeed in coming years.","2015-01-02","2015-06-30 15:59:28","2015-06-30 15:59:28","2015-06-30 15:59:28","85-106","","1","20","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Taylor and Francis+NEJM","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Wilson_2015_(Multilateral Organisations and the Limits to International Energy Cooperation).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DAN7UEGT","journalArticle","2009","Van de Graaf, Thijs; Lesage, Dries","The International Energy Agency after 35 years: Reform needs and institutional adaptability","The Review of International Organizations","","","","http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11558-009-9063-8","","2009","2014-11-07 17:29:14","2014-11-07 17:29:14","2014-11-07 17:29:14","293–317","","3","4","","","The International Energy Agency after 35 years","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DAQA7AQF","journalArticle","2012","Carnes, M.; Mares, I.","Measuring the Individual-Level Determinants of Social Insurance Preferences: Survey Evidence from the 2008 Argentine Pension Nationalization","Latin American Research Review","","","","","","2012","2014-09-04 18:32:03","2014-09-04 18:32:03","","","","","","","","Measuring the Individual-Level Determinants of Social Insurance Preferences","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DATXUTMB","journalArticle","2011","Adler, Emanuel; Pouliot, Vincent","International practices","International Theory","","","10.1017/S175297191000031X","","In this article, we approach world politics through the lens of its manifold practices, which we define as competent performances. Studying International Relations (IR) from the perspective of international practices promises three key advances. First, by focusing on practices in IR, we can understand both IR theory and international politics better or differently. World politics can be conceived as structured by practices, which give meaning to international action, make possible strategic interaction, and are reproduced, changed, and reinforced by international action and interaction. This focus helps broaden the ontology of world politics, serves as a focal point around which debates in IR theory can be structured, and can be used as a unit of analysis that transcends traditional understandings of ‘levels of analysis’. We illustrate what an international practice is by revisiting Thomas Schelling's seminal works on bargaining. Second, with the help of illustrations of deterrence and arms control during the Cold War and of post-Cold War practices such as cooperative security, we show how practices constitute strategic interaction and bargaining more generally. Finally, a practice perspective opens an exciting and innovative research agenda, which suggests new research questions and puzzles, and revisits central concepts of our discipline, including power, history, and strategy.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-12-31 16:07:43","","1–36","","1","3","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DC4I3TF9","bookSection","2001","Hall, Peter A.; Soskice, David W.","An Introduction to Varieties of Capitalism","Varieties of capitalism: The institutional foundations of comparative advantage","","","","","","2001","2012-11-07 15:44:33","2014-09-04 20:23:36","2012-11-07 15:44:33","1-68","","","","","","","","","","","Oxford University Press","Oxford","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","Hall, P. A; Soskice, D.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DCE323UH","book","2010","Theodoridis, Sergios; Pikrakis, Aggelos; Koutroumbas, Konstantinos; Cavouras, Dionisis","Introduction to Pattern Recognition: A Matlab Approach: A Matlab Approach","","","","","http://books.google.com.proxy.library.georgetown.edu/books?hl=en&lr=&id=9ysEF1OMuycC&oi=fnd&pg=PP2&dq=theodoridis+and+koutroumbas&ots=n96Z6tf3Ew&sig=nf5TyxMhSsJj3nWqFjVFttnN1IU","","2010","2014-09-29 02:23:27","2014-09-29 02:23:27","2014-09-29 02:23:27","","","","","","","Introduction to Pattern Recognition","","","","","Academic Press","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DCX6CTPJ","journalArticle","2011","Shirky, C.","The political power of social media","Foreign affairs","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","","28–41","","1","90","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DD2TI8CJ","bookSection","2012","Warshaw, Christopher","The Political Economy of Expropriation and Nationalization","Oil and Governance: State-owned enterprises and the world energy supply","","","","http://books.google.ca/books?hl=en&lr=&id=pBuV5z_hnngC&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&dq=Oil+and+governance:+state-owned+enterprises+and+the+world+energy+supply&ots=I_gTiZv4wM&sig=HGYZv7fPFHPpdXOQOFeMUmYgivE","","2012","2014-11-09 13:09:53","2014-11-09 13:11:35","2013-10-09 21:09:46","35-61","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge, UK","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","Victor, David G.; Hults, David R.; Thurber, Mark C.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DDRTQS4W","journalArticle","2008","Annonymous","Medvedev's Russia: The Strategic Impact","Defense & Foreign Affairs Strategic Policy","","","","","","2008","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2012-04-30 05:50:06","","2008-2008","","2","36","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DDZR7DRP","journalArticle","1981","Ray, E. J.","The determinants of tariff and nontariff trade restrictions in the United States","The Journal of Political Economy","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/1837354","","1981","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2013-01-24","105–121","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DE39ZRBV","journalArticle","2014","Glynn, Adam N.; Ichino, Nahomi","Using Qualitative Information to Improve Causal Inference","American Journal of Political Science","","1540-5907","10.1111/ajps.12154","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ajps.12154/abstract","Using the Rosenbaum (2002, 2009) approach to observational studies, we show how qualitative information can be incorporated into quantitative analyses to improve causal inference in three ways. First, by including qualitative information on outcomes within matched sets, we can ameliorate the consequences of the difficulty of measuring those outcomes, sometimes reducing p-values. Second, additional information across matched sets enables the construction of qualitative confidence intervals on effect size. Third, qualitative information on unmeasured confounders within matched sets reduces the conservativeness of Rosenbaum-style sensitivity analysis. This approach accommodates small to medium sample sizes in a nonparametric framework, and therefore it may be particularly useful for analyses of the effects of policies or institutions in a small number of units. We illustrate these methods by examining the effect of using plurality rules in transitional presidential elections on opposition harassment in 1990s sub-Saharan Africa.","2014","2015-01-15 20:29:15","2015-01-15 20:29:15","2015-01-15 20:29:15","n/a-n/a","","","","","American Journal of Political Science","","","","","","","","en","© 2014 by the Midwest Political Science Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Glynn_Ichino_2014_(Using Qualitative Information to Improve Causal Inference).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DED8XGPK","journalArticle","2015","Jindapon, Paan; Whaley, Christopher A.","Risk lovers and the rent over-investment puzzle","Public Choice","","0048-5829, 1573-7101","10.1007/s11127-015-0270-y","http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11127-015-0270-y","In this paper, we prove existence and uniqueness of equilibrium in a rent-seeking contest given a class of heterogeneous risk-loving players. We explore the role third-order risk attitude plays in equilibrium and find that imprudence is sufficient for risk lovers to increase rent-seeking investment above the risk-neutral outcome. Moreover, we show that rent can be fully dissipated in a standard Tullock contest played by a large number of risk-lovers.","2015-06-20","2015-06-30 10:52:50","2015-06-30 10:52:50","2015-06-30 10:52:50","1-15","","","","","Public Choice","","","","","","","","en","","","","","link.springer.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Jindapon_Whaley_2015_(Risk lovers and the rent over-investment puzzle).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DEZTX522","report","2004","Bertrand, M.; Duflo, E.; Mullainathan, S.","How much should we trust differences-in-differences estimates?","","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","","","","","","","","","","","","","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DF258SEP","book","2006","Hansen, Lene","Security as practice: discourse analysis and the Bosnian War","","0415326532","","","","","2006","2013-02-25 17:29:27","2014-09-04 20:23:38","","","259","","","","","Security as practice","The new international relations","","","","Routledge","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JZ1253.5 .H36 2006","","","","","1995; Bosnia and Hercegovina; Discourse analysis; History; Language and international relations; Partition","Bosnia and Hercegovina; Discourse analysis; Language and international relations; Partition, 1995","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DFGQZ55H","book","2006","","Natural gas and geopolitics: from 1970 to 2040","","0521865034","","","","","2006","2013-10-10 12:32:51","2014-11-22 22:14:42","","","508","","","","","Natural gas and geopolitics","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge, UK ; New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD9581.A2 N35 2006","","","","","Energy","Gas industry; Geopolitics; Government policy","Victor, David G.; Jaffe, Amy; Hayes, Mark H.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DFSM54KP","report","2009","","The EU and Energy Security","","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","","1–8","","","","","","","","","","","European Union: Delegation of the European Commission to the USA","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","November","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DG59PXJS","journalArticle","1979","Heckman, James J.","Sample selection bias as a specification error","Econometrica","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1912352","","1979","2014-11-28 13:01:01","2014-11-28 13:02:36","2014-11-28 13:01:01","153–161","","","47","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1979/Heckman_1979_(Sample selection bias as a specification error).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DG7CWZXS","journalArticle","2013","Basher, Syed; Fachin, Stefano","The long-run relationship between savings and investment in oil-exporting developing countries: a case study of the Gulf Arab states","OPEC Energy Review","","","","http://econpapers.repec.org/article/blaopecrv/v_3a37_3ay_3a2013_3ai_3a4_3ap_3a429-446.htm","","2013","2015-09-14 21:07:00","2015-09-14 21:07:00","2015-09-14 21:07:00","429-446","","4","37","","","The long-run relationship between savings and investment in oil-exporting developing countries","","","","","","","","","","","","RePEc - Econpapers","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/GCUSR2ST/v_3a37_3ay_3a2013_3ai_3a4_3ap_3a429-446.html","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DGADWXR3","journalArticle","1999","Meunier, S.; Nicolaidis, K.","Who speaks for Europe? The delegation of trade authority in the EU","JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1468-5965.00174/abstract","","1999","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2013-01-31","477–501","","3","37","","","Who speaks for Europe?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DGZWQ2WR","journalArticle","2007","Busse, Matthias; Hefeker, Carsten","Political risk, institutions and foreign direct investment","European journal of political economy","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0176268006000267","","2007","2014-11-04 23:47:57","2014-11-04 23:47:57","2014-11-04 23:47:57","397–415","","2","23","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Busse_Hefeker_2007_(Political risk, institutions and foreign direct investment).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DH8PC69C","journalArticle","2013","Bartels, Brandon L.; Johnston, Christopher D.","On the Ideological Foundations of Supreme Court Legitimacy in the American Public","American Journal of Political Science","","00925853","10.1111/j.1540-5907.2012.00616.x","http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2012.00616.x","","2013-01","2014-09-29 19:34:43","2014-09-29 19:35:52","2014-09-29 19:34:43","184-199","","1","57","","","On the Ideological Foundations of Supreme Court Legitimacy in the American Public","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Bartels_Johnston_2013_(On the Ideological Foundations of Supreme Court Legitimacy in the American).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DH9P3NTF","journalArticle","2014","Baccini, Leonardo; Urpelainen, Johannes","International Institutions and Domestic Politics: Can Preferential Trading Agreements Help Leaders Promote Economic Reform?","The Journal of Politics","","0022-3816, 1468-2508","10.1017/S0022381613001278","http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0022381613001278","","2014-01","2014-09-04 20:32:09","2014-09-04 20:32:09","2014-09-04 20:32:09","195-214","","01","76","","","International Institutions and Domestic Politics","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Baccini_Urpelainen_2014_(International Institutions and Domestic Politics).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DHBRHUDH","journalArticle","2011","Blyschak, Paul","State-Owned Enterprises and International Investment Treaties","Journal of International Law and International Relations","","","","http://www.jilir.org/docs/issues/volume_6-2/6-2_1_BLYSCHAK_FINAL.pdf","","2011","2014-10-03 18:02:32","2014-11-05 14:00:18","2014-10-03 18:02:32","1-52","","2","6","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Blyschak_2011_(State-Owned Enterprises and International Investment Treaties)2.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DHK7V3W3","journalArticle","1997","Quinn, Dennis","The Correlates of Change in International Financial Regulation","The American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2952073","With which political and economic variables is change in international financial regulation robustly associated? I undertook multivariate regression analysis of this question using a quantitative measure of the regulation of international financial transactions. The measure was created by coding the laws of 64 nations. The associations between change in international financial regulation and measures of long-run economic growth, corporate taxation, government expenditures, and income inequality are estimated, using the models, methods, and data of Barro (1991), Deininger and Squire (1996a), Leamer (1983, 1985), and Levine and Renelt (1992). The findings point to a new agenda for research on international financial regulation.","1997","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2013-02-05","531–551","","3","91","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1997 American Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DI2JVUJ4","journalArticle","1995","Farrell, J.","Talk is cheap","The American Economic Review","","","","","","1995","2012-05-19 13:29:00","2014-09-04 20:22:49","","186–190","","2","85","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DIA546MI","report","2013","Kim, Moonhawk","Inspecting the Termites: Market Structure and WTO's Consideration Process of PTAs","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2299655","A burgeoning literature exists on the issue of how preferential trade agreements coexist with the multilateral governance of international trade. However, scholars have not examined the juncture at which the member states of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and subsequently the World Trade Organization (WTO) may exert the greatest political influence on PTAs. Such opportunity exists during the GATT/WTO consideration process of PTAs that are notified to the multilateral institution. I argue that agreements that are more likely to affect market structure — the level of competition in an industry or in an economy — will confront more rigorous examination in terms of the number of rounds of questioning, number of questions and number of countries participating in the process. A preliminary analysis of novel data from the WTO supports the argument.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2013-09-03","","","","","","","Inspecting the Termites","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","","","","","","","GATT; PTA; WTO","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2299655","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DIA77G5N","thesis","2008","Pouliot, Vincent","Security Community in and through Practice: The Power Politics of Russia-NATO Diplomacy","","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","","","","","","","","","","","","","University of Toronto","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DIMJKEZQ","journalArticle","2015","King, Gary; Roberts, Margaret E.","How Robust Standard Errors Expose Methodological Problems They Do Not Fix, and What to Do About It","Political Analysis","","1047-1987, 1476-4989","10.1093/pan/mpu015","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/content/23/2/159","“Robust standard errors” are used in a vast array of scholarship to correct standard errors for model misspecification. However, when misspecification is bad enough to make classical and robust standard errors diverge, assuming that it is nevertheless not so bad as to bias everything else requires considerable optimism. And even if the optimism is warranted, settling for a misspecified model, with or without robust standard errors, will still bias estimators of all but a few quantities of interest. The resulting cavernous gap between theory and practice suggests that considerable gains in applied statistics may be possible. We seek to help researchers realize these gains via a more productive way to understand and use robust standard errors; a new general and easier-to-use “generalized information matrix test” statistic that can formally assess misspecification (based on differences between robust and classical variance estimates); and practical illustrations via simulations and real examples from published research. How robust standard errors are used needs to change, but instead of jettisoning this popular tool we show how to use it to provide effective clues about model misspecification, likely biases, and a guide to considerably more reliable, and defensible, inferences. Accompanying this article is software that implements the methods we describe.","2015-04-01","2015-06-30 11:04:07","2015-06-30 11:04:07","2015-06-30 11:04:07","159-179","","2","23","","Political Analysis","","","","","","","","en","","","","","pan.oxfordjournals.org","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/King_Roberts_2015_(How Robust Standard Errors Expose Methodological Problems They Do Not Fix, and).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DJXDGIZ7","journalArticle","2010","Aslaksen, Silje","Oil as sand in the democratic machine","Journal of Peace Research","","","","","","2010","2015-07-16 09:08:58","2015-07-16 09:09:33","","421-431","","4","47","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DK2J66Z4","journalArticle","2001","Beck, Nathaniel; Katz, Jonathan N.","Throwing out the Baby with the Bath Water: A Comment on Green, Kim, and Yoon","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3078640","Donald P. Green, Soo Yeon Kim, and David H. Yoon argue that many findings in quantitative international relations that use the dyad-year design are flawed. In particular, they argue that the effect of democracy on both trade and conflict has been vastly overstated, that researchers have ignored unobserved heterogeneity between the various dyads, and that heterogeneity can be best modeled by ""fixed effects,"" that is, a model that includes a separate dummy for each dyad. We argue that the use of fixed effects is almost always a bad idea for dyad-year data with a binary dependent variable like conflict. This is because conflict is a rare event, and the inclusion of fixed effects requires us to not analyze dyads that never conflict. Thus while the 90 percent of dyads that never conflict are more likely to be democratic, the use of fixed effects gives democracy no credit for the lack of conflict in these dyads. Green, Kim, and Yoon's fixed-effects logit can tell us little, if anything, about the pacific effects of democracy. Their analysis of the impact of democracy on trade is also flawed. The inclusion of fixed effects almost always masks the impact of slowly changing independent variables; the democracy score is such a variable. Thus it is no surprise that the inclusion of dyadic dummy variables in their model completely masks the relationship between democracy and trade. We show that their preferred fixed-effects specification does not outperform a model with no effects (when that model is correctly specified in other ways). Thus there is no need to include the masking fixed effects, and so Green, Kim, and Yoon's findings do not overturn previous work that found that democracy enhanced trade. We agree with Green, Kim, and Yoon that modeling heterogeneity in time-series cross-section data is important. We mention a number of alternatives to their fixed-effects approach, none of which would have the pernicious consequences of using dyadic dummies in their two reanalyses.","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","","487–495","","2","55","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2001 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DK43D73E","journalArticle","2015","Mahdavi, Paasha","Explaining the Oil Advantage: Effects of Natural Resource Wealth on Incumbent Reelection in Iran","World Politics","","1086-3338","10.1017/S0043887114000392","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0043887114000392","Why does natural resource wealth prolong incumbency? Using evidence from parliamentary elections in the Islamic Republic of Iran, the author shows that natural resource revenues boost incumbent reelection rates because they are used to provide public or private goods to constituents, which incentivizes voters to reelect incumbents over challengers. To test this hypothesis, the author employs originally assembled data on five parliamentary elections in Iran (1992–2008) in longitudinal hierarchical regression analyses at the district and province levels. By leveraging Iran's mixed-member electoral system, he shows that the resource-incumbency mechanism works primarily in single-member districts with little evidence of an incumbency advantage for politicians in resource-rich multimember districts. Building on the rentier theory of natural resource wealth, the results suggest that voting for the incumbent is attributable to patronage and public goods distribution. The findings offer new insights into the understudied context of Iranian legislative elections, illustrate the mechanisms driving the relationship between resource wealth and incumbency advantage at the subnational level in a nondemocratic setting, and highlight the mediating effects of electoral institutions on the resource-incumbency relationship.","2015-04","2015-04-09 18:56:12","2015-04-09 18:56:12","2015-04-09 18:56:12","226–267","","02","67","","","Explaining the Oil Advantage","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Mahdavi_2015_(Explaining the Oil Advantage).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DK7DNU6P","journalArticle","2014","Gross, Justin H.","Testing What Matters (If You Must Test at All): A Context-Driven Approach to Substantive and Statistical Significance","American Journal of Political Science","","1540-5907","10.1111/ajps.12149","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ajps.12149/abstract","For over a half century, various fields in the behavioral and social sciences have debated the appropriateness of null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) in the presentation and assessment of research results. A long list of criticisms has fueled the so-called significance testing controversy. The conventional NHST framework encourages researchers to devote excessive attention to statistical significance while underemphasizing practical (e.g., scientific, substantive, social, political) significance. I introduce a simple, intuitive approach that grounds testing in subject-area expertise, balancing the dual concerns of detectability and importance. The proposed practical and statistical significance test allows the social scientist to test for real-world significance, taking into account both sampling error and an assessment of what parameter values should be deemed interesting, given theory. The matter of what constitutes practical significance is left in the hands of the researchers themselves, to be debated as a natural component of inference and interpretation.","2014-11-01","2015-06-30 15:58:02","2015-06-30 15:58:02","2015-06-30 15:58:02","n/a-n/a","","","","","American Journal of Political Science","Testing What Matters (If You Must Test at All)","","","","","","","en","© 2014, Midwest Political Science Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Gross_2014_(Testing What Matters (If You Must Test at All)).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DKWUHPZ5","manuscript","2013","Voeten, Erik; Ross, Michael","Unbalanced Globalization in the Oil Exporting States","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1900226","Oil-exporting states occupy a paradoxical position in the international system. Economically, they tend to be highly globalized, meaning dependent on international trade, finance, and labor. They are also the source of the world's single most valuable commodity, and hence highly influential. Yet politically, they are strikingly unglobalized: they are less likely than other states to sign major treaties or join intergovernmental organizations; and they often defy global norms – on human rights, the expropriation of foreign companies, and the financing of foreign terrorism or rebellions. We refer to this combination of features as “unbalanced globalization,” and contrast it with the more balanced globalization of other countries. We also develop an explanation for it, based on the asymmetric interdependence created by oil wealth. We demonstrate empirically that oil wealth is associated with both high levels of economic and social integration and low levels of political integration; and that oil-rich countries shun precisely those international institutions that have a political character and that require legally binding commitments. While we confirm the conventional view that interdependence fosters political integration, we show that petroleum exports have the reverse effect.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-11-23 16:55:25","2012-05-18","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Voeten_Ross_2013_(Unbalanced Globalization in the Oil Exporting States).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DM5MP795","journalArticle","2011","Rajan, Sudhir Chella","Poor little rich countries: another look at the ‘resource curse’","Environmental Politics","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09644016.2011.608530","","2011","2015-07-16 09:28:17","2015-07-16 09:28:17","2015-07-16 09:28:17","617–632","","5","20","","","Poor little rich countries","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DMFTQEUM","book","2010","Goldman, M. I","Petrostate: Putin, power, and the new Russia","","","","","","","2010","2012-05-02 14:25:25","2014-09-04 20:23:18","","","","","","","","Petrostate","","","","","Oxford University Press","Oxford","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DMJMTBQ3","journalArticle","2002","Przeworski, Adam; Vreeland, James Raymond","A Statistical Model of Bilateral Cooperation","Political Analysis","","","","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/content/10/2/101","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2012-05-19","101–112","","2","10","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DMR45NXP","journalArticle","2012","Gerring, J.; Thacker, S. C.; Alfaro, R.","Democracy and human development","The Journal of Politics","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0022381611001113","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2012-08-09","1–17","","01","74","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DMSFT72S","journalArticle","2011","Hopkins, D. J.","Flooded Communities: Explaining Local Reactions to the Post-Katrina Migrants","Political Research Quarterly","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DNRGDR7U","conferencePaper","2005","Macal, Charles M.; North, Michael J.","Tutorial on agent-based modeling and simulation","Proceedings of the 37th conference on Winter simulation","","","","http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1162712","","2005","2013-10-23 14:19:32","2013-10-23 14:19:32","2013-10-23 14:19:32","2–15","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DNV45EHK","journalArticle","1999","Jones, Bryan D.","Bounded rationality","Annual Review of Political Science","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.polisci.2.1.297","","1999","2015-04-18 00:26:21","2015-04-18 00:26:29","2015-04-18 00:26:21","297–321","","1","2","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/E2VVZAEI/JonesBounded1.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DP4T533H","journalArticle","","Caspi, Itamar; Katzke, Nico; Gupta, Rangan","Date stamping historical periods of oil price explosivity: 1876–2014","Energy Economics","","0140-9883","10.1016/j.eneco.2015.03.029","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988315001231","This paper sets out to date-stamp periods of historic oil price explosivity using the Generalized sup ADF (GSADF) test procedure developed by Phillips, Shi, and Yu (2013). The date-stamping procedure used in this paper is effective at identifying periodically collapsing bubbles; a feature found lacking with previous bubble detection methods. We set out to identify periods of oil price explosivity relative to the general price level and oil inventory supplies in the US since 1876 and 1920, respectively. The recursive identification algorithms used in this study identify multiple periods of price explosivity, and as such provides future researchers with a reference for studying the macroeconomic impact of historical periods of significant oil price build-ups.","","2015-06-30 11:03:30","2015-06-30 11:03:30","2015-06-30 11:03:30","","","","","","Energy Economics","Date stamping historical periods of oil price explosivity","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files/Caspi et al_(Date stamping historical periods of oil price explosivity).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DPCCF6V2","report","2011","Caselli, Francesco; Tesei, Andrea","Resource windfalls, political regimes, and political stability","","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w17601","","2011","2015-07-16 09:19:31","2015-07-16 09:19:31","2015-07-16 09:19:31","","","","","","","","","","","","National Bureau of Economic Research","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Caselli_Tesei_2011_(Resource windfalls, political regimes, and political stability).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DPU3KSPE","journalArticle","1990","Soskice, D.","Wage determination: the changing role of institutions in advanced industrialized countries","Oxford review of economic policy","","","","http://oxrep.oxfordjournals.org/content/6/4/36.short","","1990","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2012-08-09","36–61","","4","6","","","Wage determination","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DQ7N6PV7","report","2015","Alok, Shashwat; Ayyagari, Meghana","Politics, State Ownership, and Corporate Investment","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2416960","State-owned enterprises (SOEs) form a significant part of the corporate sector in developed and developing economies. This paper shows the distortions in SOE investments due to political pressure by using the constitutionally mandated schedule of elections as a source of exogenous variation in politicians’ incentive to cater to voters. We track investments by non-financial SOEs around election years using a unique project level database of new investments announced in India and find that SOEs announce a greater number of projects during election years. These patterns are especially pronounced in politically competitive districts and districts associated with high-ranking politicians. Specifically, the number of investments announced by SOEs in election years is on average 36% (66%) greater in politically competitive districts (districts of high-ranking politicians). These projects have negative announcement returns suggesting that political influence results in projects that are likely negative NPV. These patterns are in stark contrast to those observed in a placebo set of non-government firms. Our results inform the policy debate on the efficiency differences between government and private firms and support the political view of government ownership.","2015-01-31","2015-02-27 23:26:32","2015-02-27 23:26:32","2015-02-27 23:26:32","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Alok_Ayyagari_2015_(Politics, State Ownership, and Corporate Investment).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2416960","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DQ889GEM","journalArticle","2008","McNamara, Kathleen R.","A rivalry in the making? The Euro and international monetary power","Review of International Political Economy","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09692290801931347","ABSTRACT Over the past few years, the dollar has been trading at historically low values against the Euro. Does the current trend indicate that the Euro is poised to challenge the long global supremacy of the American greenback? And how might currency rivalry reflect and shape the broader balance of power between the United States and the EU? The approach to the general relationship between power and currency is discussed, the determinants and characteristics of a key currency assessed, and the advantages and disadvantages that accrue to a key currency nation briefly reviewed. The current, and likely future, state of play in the global usage of the dollar, the Euro, and other major currencies are sketched out, stressing the interaction of material factors and the role of ideas and social processes in determining key currency status. On balance, the essay concludes that the Euro has many of the underlying economic factors that would make it a peer competitor to the dollar, but that the necessary political power and social requirements are missing to make it the focal point of the global economy. Nonetheless, observers of the transatlantic relationship should be on watch for indicators of a possible transformation in the Euro–dollar relationship.","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2013-02-05","439–459","","3","15","","","A rivalry in the making?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DQD2VEZQ","journalArticle","1985","Granovetter, M.","Economic action and social structure: the problem of embeddedness","Readings in economic sociology","","","","","","1985","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2014-09-04 18:31:48","","63–68","","","","","","Economic action and social structure","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DQR4JBIV","journalArticle","2009","Shi, Chunyang","Perspective on Natural Gas Crisis between Russia and Ukraine","Review of European Studies","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","","56–60","","1","1","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DQR5JHF2","journalArticle","2000","Fearon, James D.; Laitin, David D.","Violence and the Social Construction of Ethnic Identity","International Organization","","","","","","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2014-09-04 18:31:48","","845–877","","4","54","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DQWAPDKD","book","1999","McNamara, Kathleen","The Currency of Ideas: Monetary Politics in the European Union","","","","","http://books.google.com/books?id=-_KcDnJZlUkC&printsec=frontcover&dq=The+Currency+of+Ideas&hl=en&sa=X&ei=8myAVJm5H4KqNsSsgbAN&ved=0CB8Q6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=The%20Currency%20of%20Ideas&f=false","","1999","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-12-04 14:17:39","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca, NY","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DR8ZISHA","journalArticle","2013","Kumar, Praveen; Rabinovitch, Ramon","CEO Entrenchment and Corporate Hedging: Evidence from the Oil and Gas Industry","Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis","","","10.1017/S0022109013000276","","Using a unique data set with detailed information on the derivative positions of upstream oil and gas firms during 1996–2008, we find that hedging intensity is positively related to factors that amplify chief executive officer (CEO) entrenchment and free cash flow agency costs. There is also robust evidence that hedging is motivated by the reduction of financial distress and borrowing costs, and that it is influenced by both intrinsic cash flow risk and temporary spikes in commodity price volatility. We present a comprehensive perspective on the determinants of corporate hedging, and the results are consistent with the predictions of the risk management and agency costs literatures.","2013","2013-10-20 12:27:24","2013-10-20 12:27:24","","887-917","","03","48","","","CEO Entrenchment and Corporate Hedging","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DRN4XVJN","report","2013","Paller, Jeffrey W.","Ethnography as Empirical Strategy: Process, Networks, and Spontaneity","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2301498","This paper proposes conducting ethnography as an empirical strategy rooted in the politics of daily life. I suggest that ethnographic methods are necessary to uncover the informal networks that underlie formal political institutions, the process of politics that demonstrate divergent political behaviors, and the spontaneity of decision-making that shifts institutional pathways. Contextualizing politics in the context of the everyday reflects the realities that shape public opinion, institutional development, and political behavior—crucial aspects of the political science discipline. This paper has two major objectives: 1) To theoretically ground ethnographic research in the concept of the everyday and the politics of daily life, and 2) To demonstrate how ethnography as empirical strategy can be used for political science research through a consistent and systematic investigation of the politics of daily life.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2013-09-03","","","","","","","Ethnography as Empirical Strategy","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","","","","","","","ethnography; informal networks; Process; qualitative methods; Spontaneity","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2301498","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DS4H6IIA","journalArticle","2003","Rosecrance, Richard; Thompson, Peter","Trade, Foreign Investment, and Security","Annual Review of Political Science","","","10.1146/annurev.polisci.6.121901.085631","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.polisci.6.121901.085631","Trade interdependence does not always reduce hostility between states. It depends on whether the trade represents vulnerability or sensitivity interdependence. Portfolio investment also does not represent a tie that binds politically. Even more important, foreign direct investment (FDI) represents a link that is costly (and time-consuming) to break. Thus, FDI links between countries are more likely to reduce conflict than trading links. Evidence shows that symmetrical FDI is the most stable guarantor of low conflict between countries. One factor generating conflict may be that scarce factors of production are in political command. Abundant factors, now more generally in power among developed states, may be partly responsible for the diminishment of conflict among these states in recent years.","2003","2013-10-14 20:46:36","2013-10-14 20:46:36","2013-10-14 20:46:36","377-398","","1","6","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","","","FDI; Trade","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DT4X3S3Q","journalArticle","2012","Corbetta, Renato","Cooperative and Antagonistic Networks: Multidimensional Affinity and Intervention in Ongoing Conflicts, 1946–20011","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/isqu.12020/abstract","Corbetta, Renato. (2012) Cooperative and Antagonistic Networks: Multidimensional Affinity and Intervention in Ongoing Conflicts, 1946–2001. International Studies Quarterly, doi: 10.1111/isqu.12020 \copyright 2012 International Studies AssociationIn recent years (social) network approaches have been gaining ground in the field of international relations. Networks between states effectively explain patterns of international conflict and cooperation. One issue where conflict and cooperation converge—and where network analysis finds fruitful application—is the issue of third-party states' intervention in conflicts. This study investigates whether, and how, conflict expands in the international social space through the cooperative and antagonistic networks generated by states' supportive and oppositional interventions in international disputes. The study adopts a sociological theory of social units' interaction in the social space as a function of their multidimensional affinity to investigate further how such networks form. The hypotheses derived from this theoretical framework are tested using data on third-party non-neutral intervention in post-World War II militarized interstate disputes from Corbetta and Dixon (2005). Proximity in the international social space effectively predicts the creation of cooperative ties (supportive interventions) between states, while social distance predicts antagonistic ties (oppositional interventions).","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2012-11-16","no–no","","","","","","Cooperative and Antagonistic Networks","","","","","","","en","\copyright 2012 International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DTFE9GP3","journalArticle","2006","Albouy, D. Y.","The colonial origins of comparative development: an investigation of the settler mortality data","NBER Working Paper","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w14130","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2012-08-09","","","","","","","The colonial origins of comparative development","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DTPHJQKN","journalArticle","2003","Braumoeller, Bear F.","Causal Complexity and the Study of Politics","Political Analysis","","","","http://www.braumoeller.info/wp-content/uploads/2012/12/Causal-Complexity.pdf","Theories that posit complex causation, or multiple causal paths, pervade the study of politics but have yet to find accurate statistical expression. To remedy this situation I derive new econometric procedures, Boolean probit and logit, based on the logic of complexity. The solution provides an answer to a puzzle in the rational deterrence literature: the divergence between theory and case-study findings, on the one hand, and the findings of quantitative studies, on the other, on the issue of the role of capabilities and willingness in the initiation of disputes. It also makes the case that different methodological traditions, rather than settling into “separate but equal” status, can instead inform and enrich one another.","2003","2015-02-18 22:19:25","2015-02-18 22:20:51","","209-233","","","11","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2003/Braumoeller_2003_(Causal Complexity and the Study of Politics).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DTWS26DI","journalArticle","2008","Goh, Evelyn","Great Powers and Hierarchical Order in Southeast Asia: Analyzing Regional Security Strategies","International Security","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","","113–157","","3","32","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DUD8XRGE","journalArticle","2013","Imai, Kosuke; Yamamoto, Teppei","Identification and Sensitivity Analysis for Multiple Causal Mechanisms: Revisiting Evidence from Framing Experiments","Political Analysis","","","","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/content/21/2/141","Social scientists are often interested in testing multiple causal mechanisms through which a treatment affects outcomes. A predominant approach has been to use linear structural equation models and examine the statistical significance of the corresponding path coefficients. However, this approach implicitly assumes that the multiple mechanisms are causally independent of one another. In this article, we consider a set of alternative assumptions that are sufficient to identify the average causal mediation effects when multiple, causally related mediators exist. We develop a new sensitivity analysis for examining the robustness of empirical findings to the potential violation of a key identification assumption. We apply the proposed methods to three political psychology experiments, which examine alternative causal pathways between media framing and public opinion. Our analysis reveals that the validity of original conclusions is highly reliant on the assumed independence of alternative causal mechanisms, highlighting the importance of proposed sensitivity analysis. All of the proposed methods can be implemented via an open source R package, mediation.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2013-07-08","141–171","","2","21","","","Identification and Sensitivity Analysis for Multiple Causal Mechanisms","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DUDMSTM3","journalArticle","1986","Holland, Paul W.","Statistics and causal inference","Journal of the American Statistical Association","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01621459.1986.10478354","","1986","2014-11-28 12:50:20","2014-11-28 12:56:09","2014-11-28 12:50:20","945–970","","396","81","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DUNGD6J4","journalArticle","2005","Way, L.","Rapacious individualism and political competition in Ukraine, 1992-2004","Communist and Post-Communist Studies","","","","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","","191–205","","2","38","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","- see front matter; 0967-067x; ó 2005 the regents; authoritarianism; california; compet-; Democracy; edu; e-mail address; itive authoritarianism; kuchma; lucan; of the university of; orange revolution; published by elsevier; temple; ukraine; way; yushchenko","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DVC6MIBV","journalArticle","2014","Liang, Hao; Ren, Bing; Sun, Sunny Li","An anatomy of state control in the globalization of state-owned enterprises","Journal of International Business Studies","","0047-2506","10.1057/jibs.2014.35","http://www.palgrave-journals.com.proxy.library.georgetown.edu/jibs/journal/vaop/ncurrent/abs/jibs201435a.html","Integrating agency theory with institutional analysis in international business, we propose a state-control perspective to analyze government-control mechanisms in emerging economies’ globalization of state-owned enterprises (SOEs). We identify two types of state control that influence SOEs’ globalization decisions and the degree of globalization (DOG): state ownership control and executives’ political connections, both of which are contingent upon the home country’s evolving institutional environments. Using a two-step corporate globalization decision model and 17,272 firm – year observations of non-financial, Chinese-listed companies, we find a strong impact of both types of state control on SOEs’ globalization, although the impacts differ between the periods before and after domestic governance reform and across different globalization decision steps. The diminishing impact of executives’ political connections and the increasing impact of state ownership control on firms’ DOG demonstrate the evolving relationship between the state and the managers, as well as the dynamics of state control in globalizing SOEs. View full text","2014-07-17","2014-11-14 01:24:28","2014-11-22 22:13:56","2014-11-14 01:24:28","","","","","","J Int Bus Stud","","","","","","","","en","© 2014 Academy of International Business","","","","www.palgrave-journals.com.proxy.library.georgetown.edu","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Liang et al_2014_(An anatomy of state control in the globalization of state-owned enterprises)2.pdf; /Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Liang et al_2014_(An anatomy of state control in the globalization of state-owned enterprises).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DVG4C2MJ","journalArticle","2013","Fisher, Louis","Political Scientist as Practitioner","PS: Political Science & Politics","","1537-5935","10.1017/S1049096513000711","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1049096513000711","Those who write for this symposium faced two choices in their careers: producing highly specialized articles with little application to government controversies or devoting themselves to public policy and making contributions to it. They chose the latter. I want to explain my approach and also give recognition to the accomplishment of other scholars who have been engaged with contemporary issues. All of them are eminently comfortable in maintaining the original commitment of political science to public law. At the risk of overlooking deserving scholars, I also identify others who decided to orient their research to thinking about and helping to resolve government issues.","2013-07","2015-02-23 19:04:35","2015-02-23 19:04:35","2015-02-23 19:04:35","519–523","","03","46","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Fisher_2013_(Political Scientist as Practitioner).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DVHZ5H32","book","1997","Rodrik, Dani","Has Globalization Gone Too Far?","","","","","","","1997","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:26:01","","","","","","","","","","","","","Institute for International Economics","Washington D.C.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DVRC5UQG","journalArticle","2003","Rosato, Sebastian","The Flawed Logic of Democratic Peace Theory","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3593025","Democratic peace theory is probably the most powerful liberal contribution to the debate on the causes of war and peace. In this paper I examine the causal logics that underpin the theory to determine whether they offer compelling explanations for the finding of mutual democratic pacifism. I find that they do not. Democracies do not reliably externalize their domestic norms of conflict resolution and do not trust or respect one another when their interests clash. Moreover, elected leaders are not especially accountable to peace loving publics or pacific interest groups, democracies are not particularly slow to mobilize or incapable of surprise attack, and open political competition does not guarantee that a democracy will reveal private information about its level of resolve thereby avoiding conflict. Since the evidence suggests that the logics do not operate as stipulated by the theory's proponents, there are good reasons to believe that while there is certainly peace among democracies, it may not be caused by the democratic nature of those states.","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2013-01-09","585–602","","4","97","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2003 American Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DW6N7KIR","journalArticle","2011","Cuaresma, Jesus Crespo; Oberhofer, Harald; Raschky, Paul A.","Oil and the duration of dictatorships","Public Choice","","","","http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11127-010-9671-0","","2011","2015-07-16 09:11:36","2015-07-16 09:11:36","2015-07-16 09:11:36","505–530","","3-4","148","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Cuaresma et al_2011_(Oil and the duration of dictatorships).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DWJZMWMR","journalArticle","2011","Bigo, D.; Madsen, M. R.","Introduction to Symposium A Different Reading of the International: Pierre Bourdieu and International Studies","International Political Sociology","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","","219–224","","3","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DWX4QCJ8","journalArticle","2011","O’Reilly, Conor","“From Kidnaps to Contagious Diseases”: Elite Rescue and the Strategic Expansion of the Transnational Security Consultancy Industry1","International Political Sociology","","1749-5687","10.1111/j.1749-5687.2011.00128.x","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1749-5687.2011.00128.x/abstract","This article focuses on the transnational security consultancy industry and its delivery of elite rescue services across the globe’s most hostile regions. It charts the evolution of leading firms through successive strategic alliances, from initial collaborations with the kidnap and ransom insurance sector in Latin America to more recent ventures with international providers of emergency medical assistance. While the accumulated rescue toolkit of these guardians of global mobility is primarily targeted toward protecting those affluent travelers who venture into the global south, it is increasingly also filtering back up into the global north, most specifically into the American homeland by a process of “neo-liberal (re)turn.” Acknowledging recent cross-disciplinary discourse on the securitized containment of “deviant” travel, increased research attention is drawn to the deployment of sophisticated security solutions and their facilitation of the globetrotting elite.","2011","2013-02-13 22:19:55","2013-02-13 22:19:55","2013-02-13 22:19:55","178–197","","2","5","","","“From Kidnaps to Contagious Diseases”","","","","","","","en","© 2011 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DXPRG44W","journalArticle","2015","Cust, James; Poelhekke, Steven","The Local Economic Impacts of Natural Resource Extraction","Annual Review of Resource Economics","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-resource-100814-125106","","2015","2015-07-16 08:54:22","2015-07-16 08:56:13","2015-07-16 08:54:22","","","","7","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DXTVU479","blogPost","","","Gravediggers of the Gulf | Jacobin","","","","","https://www.jacobinmag.com/2015/04/gulf-states-slave-labor-migrant-workers/","","","2015-06-30 11:33:25","2015-06-30 11:33:25","2015-06-30 11:33:25","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DZ36IKWJ","journalArticle","2002","Buthe, T.","Taking temporality seriously: Modeling history and the use of narratives as evidence","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","","481–494","","3","96","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DZ8JZG2K","book","1989","Onuf, N.","World of Our Making","","","","","","","1989","2012-05-02 15:32:26","2014-09-04 20:25:35","","","","","","","","","","","","","University of South Carolina Press","Columbia","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DZBXR6BH","book","2012","Coll, Steve","Private empire: ExxonMobil and American power","","","","","http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=AipuCoT96yQC&oi=fnd&pg=PA1942&dq=Private+Empire:+ExxonMobil+and+American+Power&ots=UBReLOilQ2&sig=tg37cPnuoGyVDDIeCod5C2qV1Yk","","2012","2014-09-24 22:19:46","2014-11-24 00:40:55","2014-09-24 22:19:46","","","","","","","Private empire","","","","","Penguin","New York","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DZFG8VEA","journalArticle","2007","Drope, J. M.","The political economy of nontariff trade barriers in emerging economies","Political Research Quarterly","","","","http://prq.sagepub.com/content/60/3/401.short","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2013-01-24","401–414","","3","60","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "DZUFSBE6","journalArticle","2004","Johnson, Gregg","Political Economy of Energy in the Southern Cone","Perspectives on Politics","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","","612–613","","03","2","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "E2E2MJST","journalArticle","2012","Brown, Jason P.; Pender, John; Wiser, Ryan; Lantz, Eric; Hoen, Ben","Ex post analysis of economic impacts from wind power development in U.S. counties","Energy Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988312001466","Wind power development has surged in recent years in the United States. Policymakers and economic development practitioners to date have typically relied upon project-level case studies or modeled input–output estimates to assess the economic development impacts from wind power, often focusing on potential local, state-wide, or national employment or earnings impacts. Building on this literature, we conduct an ex post econometric analysis of the county-level economic development impacts of wind power installations from 2000 through 2008 in a large, wind-rich region in the country. Taking into account factors influencing wind turbine location, we find an aggregate increase in county-level personal income and employment of approximately $11,000 and 0.5 jobs per megawatt of wind power capacity installed over the sample period of 2000 to 2008. These estimates appear broadly consistent with modeled input–output results, and translate to a median increase in total county personal income and employment of 0.2% and 0.4% for counties with installed wind power over the same period.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2013-09-03","1743–1754","","6","34","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Economic development; Ex post analysis; Wind power","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "E2VZC2WN","journalArticle","2006","Faccio, Mara","Politically Connected Firms","The American Economic Review","","0002-8282","","http://www.jstor.org.proxy.library.georgetown.edu/stable/30034371","","2006-03-01","2013-10-09 21:38:43","2013-10-09 21:38:43","2013-10-09 21:38:43","369-386","","1","96","","The American Economic Review","","","","","","","","","Copyright © 2006 American Economic Association","","","","JSTOR","","ArticleType: research-article / Full publication date: Mar., 2006 / Copyright © 2006 American Economic Association","","","","Firms","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "E2WEHGIW","magazineArticle","2014","","Arctic chill","The Economist","","0013-0613","","http://www.economist.com/news/business/21610239-sanctions-will-thwart-rosnefts-ambitions-join-ranks-oils-superpowers-arctic-chill","Sanctions will thwart Rosneft’s ambitions to join the ranks of oil’s superpowers","2014-08-02","2014-11-05 14:06:16","2014-11-05 14:06:16","2014-11-05 14:06:16","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","The Economist","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "E3HEGRF4","journalArticle","2011","Rathbun, Brian C.","The Magnificent Fraud: Trust, International Cooperation, and the Hidden Domestic Politics of American Multilateralism after World War II1","International Studies Quarterly","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","","1–21","","1","55","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "E3RCS294","journalArticle","2014","Wu, Kang","China's energy security: Oil and gas","Energy Policy","","0301-4215","10.1016/j.enpol.2014.05.040","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421514003395","China is currently the largest energy consuming country in the world. Until the early 1990s, China had long been a net energy exporter. The country became a net oil importer in 1993, the first time since the 1960s. For China, energy security first means oil supply security. China turned into a net natural gas importer in 2007 and then a net coal importer in 2009. In other words, China is now a net importer of all three types of fossil energy—oil, natural gas, and coal. In the context of rising oil imports and implementation of China׳s 12th Five-Year Program from 2011 to 2015, this paper examines China׳s energy security strategies with a focus on three leading elements, namely overseas oil investment, strategic petroleum reserves (SPR)and unconventional gas development. Our findings suggest that the Chinese government has promoted overseas investment strongly; its SPR program has been established though the progress for Phase II has been slower than expected and the government intends to boost the unconventional gas sector development. However, the challenges are enormous as well. As for future research, other elements for each dimension of energy security should be reviewed to reach a comprehensive conclusion about how well China has done and what steps are needed to move forward.","2014-10","2014-10-02 13:07:34","2014-11-22 23:20:59","2014-10-02 13:07:34","4-11","","","73","","Energy Policy","China׳s energy security","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "E4QPTSZ8","book","2008","Woll, Cornelia","Firm interests: how governments shape business lobbying on global trade","","9780801446092","","","","","2008","2014-11-07 17:26:26","2014-11-07 17:26:26","","","186","","","","","Firm interests","Cornell studies in political economy","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HF1713 .W653 2008","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "E4WIQ6JG","journalArticle","2005","Mayda, Anna Maria; Rodrik, Dani","Why are some people (and countries) more protectionist than others?","European Economic Review","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014292104000042","We analyze two cross-country data sets that contain information on attitudes toward trade as well as a broad range of socio-demographic and other indicators. We find that pro-trade preferences are significantly and robustly correlated with an individual's level of human capital, in the manner predicted by the factor endowments model. Preferences over trade are also correlated with the trade exposure of the sector in which an individual is employed: individuals in non-traded sectors tend to be the most pro-trade, while individuals in sectors with a revealed comparative disadvantage are the most protectionist. Third, an individual's relative economic status has a very strong positive association with pro-trade attitudes. Finally, non-economic determinants, in the form of values, identities, and attachments, play an important role in explaining the variation in preferences over trade. High degrees of neighborhood attachment and nationalism/patriotism are associated with protectionist tendencies.","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2013-01-28","1393–1430","","6","49","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Policy preferences; political economy; Trade","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "E5JPRJ5J","journalArticle","2015","Gravelle, Timothy B.; Lachapelle, Erick","Politics, proximity and the pipeline: Mapping public attitudes toward Keystone XL","Energy Policy","","0301-4215","10.1016/j.enpol.2015.04.004","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421515001469","The politics of oil pipelines have become increasingly salient in American politics in recent years. In particular, debates about economic benefits, energy security and environmental impact have been provoked by the proposed Keystone XL pipeline expansion intended to take bitumen from northern Alberta in Canada to refineries on the Gulf Coast in Texas. Drawing on data from recent surveys conducted by the Pew Research Center, this article asks a series of questions. What levels of support for (and opposition to) the pipeline exist among the American public? What are the roles of political factors (such as party identification and ideology), economic attitudes, environmental attitudes and proximity to the proposed pipeline route in shaping attitudes toward the pipeline? And how do political factors and proximity to the pipeline interact? We find that partisanship and ideology drive attitudes toward the Keystone XL pipeline, and that the effect of ideology is attenuated by proximity to the proposed route. The policy implications of these findings for energy infrastructure siting controversies are discussed.","2015-08","2015-06-30 11:33:47","2015-06-30 11:33:47","2015-06-30 11:33:47","99-108","","","83","","Energy Policy","Politics, proximity and the pipeline","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Gravelle_Lachapelle_2015_(Politics, proximity and the pipeline).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "E5REFW8J","book","1999","Muthoo, Abhinay","Bargaining theory with applications","","","","","https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=XkyNgU3oK0wC&oi=fnd&pg=PR13&dq=Muthoo,+A.,+1999.+Bargaining+Theory+with+Applications.&ots=vwJeRzbJPd&sig=2joTyyaoaPlybxkPYgz2HwM1ggI","","1999","2015-03-11 14:29:42","2015-03-11 14:29:48","2015-03-11 14:29:42","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "E5SXFQZZ","report","2014","Megginson, William L.; Fotak, Veljko","Rise of the Fiduciary State: A Survey of Sovereign Wealth Fund Research","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2432623","We survey the literature documenting the rise of sovereign wealth funds (SWFs), which, with assets under management of over $4.5 trillion in early 2014, are a major force in global finance. Research papers have analyzed the evolution of the initial SWFs from stabilization funds to stand-alone wealth management funds; we both survey this research and show that more than 25 countries have launched or proposed new SWFs since January 2008. The most salient and controversial feature of SWFs is that they are state-owned; we survey the existing literature on state ownership and discuss what this predicts about the efficiency and beneficence of government control of SWF assets. We discuss the documented importance of SWF funding sources (oil sales revenues versus excess reserves from export earnings) and survey the normative literature describing how SWFs should allocate funds. We then summarize the empirical literature studying how SWFs actually do allocate funds -- across asset classes, geographically, and across industries. We document that most SWF equity investments in publicly traded firms involve cross-border purchases of sizeable minority stakes (median around 20%) in target firms, with a strong preference for investments in the financial sector. Next, we assess empirical studies examining the impact of SWF stock investments on target firm financial and operating performance, and find universal support for a positive announcement period stock price increase of 1-3%. This, however, is significantly lower than the 5% abnormal return documented for stock purchases by comparable privately owned financial investors in recent studies, indicating there exists a “sovereign wealth fund discount.” We conclude by summarizing the lessons of SWF research and pointing out unresolved issues.","2014-05-04","2015-02-27 23:25:45","2015-02-27 23:25:45","2015-02-27 23:25:45","","","","","","","Rise of the Fiduciary State","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Megginson_Fotak_2014_(Rise of the Fiduciary State).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2432623","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "E6987QF5","journalArticle","2013","Puck, Jonas F.; Rogers, Helen; Mohr, Alex T.","Flying under the radar: Foreign firm visibility and the efficacy of political strategies in emerging economies","International Business Review","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969593113000310","","2013","2015-02-18 01:19:38","2015-02-18 01:19:38","2015-02-18 01:19:38","1021–1033","","6","22","","","Flying under the radar","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "E6AEH3VM","journalArticle","2010","Hudson, Natalie Florea; Butler, Michael J.","The State of Experimental Research in IR: An Analytical Survey","International Studies Review","","1468-2486","10.1111/j.1468-2486.2010.00927.x","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2486.2010.00927.x/abstract","The purpose of this review essay is to examine the use of experimental methods and its contributions to international studies research. Following a general discussion of the experimental approach, including the advantages and disadvantages of experimentation in International Relations (IR), this review moves to a categorized discussion of the ways in which experimental methods have contributed to the field of international studies. By invoking economist Alvin Roth’s three purposes of experiments—searching for facts, speaking to theorists, and influencing policy debates—this classification scheme helps to identify the overarching purposes of a wide variety of experiments in the field. However, this review seeks to move beyond merely presenting a basic review of the copious experimental literature by also providing an analytical assessment of the function that experimentation serves in IR; that is, to identify and elaborate on experimental research that serves an integrative function, as a bridge across the multiple divides in the landscape of IR. To this end, we introduce a second and original classification framework that allows us to profile in detail a number of singularly significant experimental studies. We then conclude the analysis by highlighting a set of “growth areas” for experimental research that can maintain and expand the already significant contributions of experimental methods to our field.","2010-06-01","2014-12-03 02:23:17","2014-12-03 02:23:17","2014-12-03 02:23:17","165-192","","2","12","","","The State of Experimental Research in IR","","","","","","","en","© 2010 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "E6EFXITZ","journalArticle","1998","Haggard, Stephan; MacIntyre, Andrew","The Political Economy of the Asian Economic Crisis","Review of International Political Economy","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/4177277","","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2014-09-04 18:31:54","","381–392","","3","5","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1998 Taylor & Francis, Ltd.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "E6IAG535","journalArticle","2012","Ramasamy, Bala; Yeung, Matthew; Laforet, Sylvie","China's outward foreign direct investment: Location choice and firm ownership","Journal of World Business","","1090-9516","10.1016/j.jwb.2010.10.016","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090951610000738","This article evaluates the international location decisions made by public listed Chinese firms during the period 2006–2008, using a Poisson count data regression model. Further, we categorize the firms into state-controlled and privately owned according to majority ownership. We find that the determinants of internationalization differ based on ownership. State-controlled firms are attracted to countries with large sources of natural resources and risky political environments. Private firms are more market seekers. Although all firms have strategic intent, the attraction is commercially viable technology rather than core research content. Our findings also show that existing theories can sufficiently explain the actions of private Chinese firms, but adjustments are needed to understand the behavior of state-controlled multinationals.","2012-01","2014-10-03 18:00:12","2014-10-03 18:00:12","2014-10-03 18:00:12","17-25","","1","47","","Journal of World Business","China's outward foreign direct investment","Focus on China Special Section","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Ramasamy et al_2012_(China's outward foreign direct investment).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "E6MWQZK9","journalArticle","1996","Lustick, Ian S.","History, Historiography, and Political Science: Multiple Historical Records and the Problem of Selection Bias","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2082612","Social scientists who use history as a laboratory for theory development use the work of historians to construct background narratives which can then be coded according to theoretically relevant categories. Yet, virtually no attention has been paid to how these historical monographs are to be chosen. On most periods and themes of interest available accounts differ, not only substantively but also with respect to the implicit theories and conceptual frameworks used to establish salience or produce commonsensical explanations. Unself-conscious use of historical monographs thus easily results in selection bias. Social scientists are bound to be more attracted to and convinced by accounts that accord with the expectations about events contained in the concepts they deploy and the theories they seek to test. Consideration of recent developments in historiographical theory supports the argument that responsible techniques for using historical sources are available, but they require understanding the extent to which patterns within historiography, rather than ""History,"" must be the direct focus of investigation and explanation. Such an approach has the added advantage of helping to generate historically based studies where observations or cases outnumber variables.","1996","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","","605–618","","3","90","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1996 American Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "E6UUWJME","journalArticle","1991","Ostrom, Elinor","Rational Choice Theory and Institutional Analysis: Toward Complementarity","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1962889","","1991","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2012-05-09","237–243","","1","85","","","Rational Choice Theory and Institutional Analysis","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "E724IZJQ","journalArticle","2007","Gandhi, Jennifer; Przeworski, Adam","Authoritarian institutions and the survival of autocrats","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/early/2007/09/17/0010414007305817.abstract","","2007","2015-07-16 09:14:41","2015-07-16 09:15:18","2015-07-16 09:14:41","1279-1301","","11","40","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Gandhi_Przeworski_2007_(Authoritarian institutions and the survival of autocrats).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "E7K4E4P3","book","2000","Pearl, Judea","Causality: models, reasoning, and inference","","0521773628","","","","","2000","2014-11-28 12:45:04","2014-11-28 12:45:22","","","384","","","","","Causality","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","BD541 .P43 2000","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "E7RKCNQ9","journalArticle","2013","Acemoglu, Daron; Egorov, Georgy; Sonin, Konstantin","A Political Theory of Populism","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","","","http://qje.oxfordjournals.org/content/128/2/771","When voters fear that politicians may be influenced or corrupted by the rich elite, signals of integrity are valuable. As a consequence, an honest politician seeking reelection chooses “populist” policies—that is, policies to the left of the median voter—as a way of signaling that he is not beholden to the interests of the right. Politicians that are influenced by right-wing special interests respond by choosing moderate or even left-of-center policies. This populist bias of policy is greater when the value of remaining in office is higher for the politician; when there is greater polarization between the policy preferences of the median voter and right-wing special interests; when politicians are perceived as more likely to be corrupt; when there is an intermediate amount of noise in the information that voters receive; when politicians are more forward-looking; and when there is greater uncertainty about the type of the incumbent. We also show that soft term limits may exacerbate, rather than reduce, the populist bias of policies. JEL Codes: D71, D74.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2013-07-08","771–805","","2","128","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "E82CR7BF","journalArticle","2012","Nielsen, Suzanne C.","American civil–military relations today: the continuing relevance of Samuel P. Huntington's The soldier and the state","International Affairs","","1468-2346","10.1111/j.1468-2346.2012.01076.x","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2346.2012.01076.x/abstract","Fifty-five years after it was first published, Samuel Huntington's The soldier and the state remains an essential starting point for serious discussions of American civil–military relations. In part this is due to the boldness and ambition of the author. Huntington brought theory to a research area that had suffered from too little theorizing and then went on to formulate concepts that scholars and practitioners of civil–military relations still find useful. These include: the conceptualization of the military as a profession; the articulation of the two central forces shaping the nature of military institutions as the functional and the societal imperatives; and the formulation of subjective and objective control as the two main patterns of civilian control. This review article briefly revisits these concepts and argues that they retain utility in illuminating important issues in American civil–military relations today. It also argues, however, that Huntington's contributions were productive but not perfect. Some of his specific definitions, such as the content of military expertise, are debatable. Some of his central concerns, such as whether the United States could sustain a strong military over an extended period of time, are no longer central today. Finally, in some places the literature has moved beyond what Huntington offered. The best example is the ongoing debate over how the country's political leaders and its most senior military officers should interact. It is precisely on this point that Huntington's objective control is the weakest. While The soldier and the state certainly does not deserve uncritical acceptance, it does continue to merit a fair hearing. Current discussions of American civil–military relations are likely to be more reasonable and productive if Huntington is given a voice.","2012","2013-01-09 22:46:41","2014-09-04 20:25:32","2013-01-09 22:46:41","369–376","","2","88","","","American civil–military relations today","","","","","","","en","© 2012 The Author(s). International Affairs © 2012 The Royal Institute of International Affairs.","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "E87IMAZG","journalArticle","2006","Lagona, Francesco; Padovano, Fabio","A nonlinear principal component analysis of the relationship between budget rules and fiscal performance in the European Union","Public Choice","","0048-5829, 1573-7101","10.1007/s11127-006-9095-z","http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11127-006-9095-z","Tests of the relationship between budget rules and fiscal performance are metric sensitive and arbitrary in the evaluation of the stringency of the rules, in the aggregation of these evaluations in an index and in the imposition of a linearly specified model. We propose a nonlinear principal component analysis to solve these problems and evaluate the relative disciplinary power of each rule. A battery of panel regressions on 1980–2003 optimally transformed data relative to 12 EU countries confirms that, upon controlling for standard economic, political and institutional variables, more stringent rules reduce fiscal imbalances and budget size.","2006-12-21","2015-12-09 02:36:23","2015-12-09 02:36:23","2015-12-09 02:36:23","401-436","","3-4","130","","Public Choice","","","","","","","","en","","","","","link.springer.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "E89JKNP6","journalArticle","1991","Kuran, Timur","Now Out of Never: The Element of Surprise in the East European Revolution of 1989","World Politics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2010422","Like many major revolutions in history, the East European Revolution of 1989 caught its leaders, participants, victims, and observers by surprise. This paper offers and explanation whose crucial feature is a distinction between private and public preferences. By suppressing their antipathies to the political status quo, the East Europeans misled everyone, including themselves, as to the possibility of a successful uprising. In effect, they conferred on their privately despised governments an aura of invincibility. Under the circumstances, public opposition was poised to grow explosively if ever enough people lost their fear of exposing their private preferences. The currently popular theories of revolution do not make clear why uprisings easily explained in retrospect may not have been anticipated. The theory developed here fills this void. Among its predictions is that political revolutions will inevitably continue to catch the world by surprise.","1991","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2012-09-06","7–48","","1","44","","","Now Out of Never","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "E89NSJXP","journalArticle","2007","Voeten, Erik","The politics of international judicial appointments: evidence from the European Court of Human Rights","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0020818307070233","","2007","2014-09-16 21:37:14","2014-09-16 21:37:14","2014-09-16 21:37:14","669–701","","04","61","","","The politics of international judicial appointments","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Voeten_2007_(The politics of international judicial appointments).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "E94562RN","report","2013","Baccini, Leonardo; Impullitti, Giammario; Malesky, Edmund J.","Trade Liberalization and State-Owned Enterprises: Evidence from Vietnam's Accession to the WTO","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2314897","The findings of the new New Trade Theory are compelling and elegant, and the predictions have been justifiably held up as a watershed event in international trade. Nevertheless, the simplifying assumptions necessary to generate the results obfuscate key differences in the strategic assets firms bring to bear in lobbying national governments. In this paper, we focus on critically important subset of these assets -- firms that are owned by the government, state owned enterprises (SOEs). To do this, we study trade liberalization in Vietnam, a country transitioning from central planning, after its accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2007. Using firm-level data, we show that the productivity and size of private firms have a positive effect on tariff reduction pre- and post-accession. These findings confirm the predictions of the Melitz (2003) model regarding firm preferences in international trade negotiations. The opposite is true for state-owned firms, however, whose productivity and size lead to small tariff reductions. Further we show that tax is the mechanism through which SOEs are able to capture the government. The findings demonstrate that previous trade work has overlooked the power of SOEs in emerging markets.","2013-08-01","2015-02-27 23:35:13","2015-02-27 23:35:13","2015-02-27 23:35:13","","","","","","","Trade Liberalization and State-Owned Enterprises","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Baccini et al_2013_(Trade Liberalization and State-Owned Enterprises).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2314897","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "E98NA8CJ","journalArticle","1989","Dessler, David","What's at Stake in the Agent-Structure Debate?","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2706654","Recent developments in the philosophy of science, particularly those falling under the rubric of ""scientific realism,"" have earned growing recognition among theorists of international relations but have failed to generate substantive programs of research. Consequently, the empirical relevance of much philosophical discourse, such as that centering on the agent-structure problem in social theory, remains unestablished. This article attempts to bridge the gap between the philosophy and practice of science by outlining a model of international structure based on the principles of scientific realism and by considering its implications for a structural research program in international relations theory. Appealing to Imre Lakatos's methodology of theory choice, the article presents an ontological case for adopting a ""transformational"" model of structure over the ""positional"" model developed in the work of Kenneth Waltz. The article demonstrates that the positional approach offers no conceptual or explanatory hold on those features of the international structure that are the intended products of state action. In conclusion, the article argues that the stakes in the agent-structure debate include the capacity to generate integrative structural theory and the ability to theorize the possibilities for peaceful change in the international system.","1989","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2013-01-31","441–473","","3","43","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1989 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "E9QT84IZ","journalArticle","2008","Imbens, Guido W.; Lemieux, Thomas","Regression discontinuity designs: A guide to practice","Journal of Econometrics","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:32:03","2014-09-04 18:32:03","","615–635","","2","142","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EAAVF6R2","journalArticle","2011","Campbell, Scott W; Kwak, Nojin","Political Involvement in “Mobilized” Society: The Interactive Relationships Among Mobile Communication, Network Characteristics, and Political Participation","Journal of Communication","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2011.01601.x/full","In recent years, mobile communication has emerged as a channel for political discourse among network ties. Although some celebrate new possibilities for political life, others are concerned that it can lead to network insularity and political detachment. This study examined how mobile-mediated discourse with strong ties interacts with characteristics of those ties to predict levels of political participation. Findings revealed that mobile-based discourse is positively associated with political participation, but that this relationship is moderated by the size and heterogeneity of one's network. Participation increases with use of the technology in large networks of like-minded individuals, but declines with use of the technology in homogeneous networks that are small. Implications and future research considerations are offered in the discussion. El Compromiso Político en la Sociedad “Movilizada”: Las Relaciones Interactivas entre la Comunicación Móvil, las Características de la Red, y la Participación Política Scott W. Campbell & Nojin Kwak Department of Communication Studies, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 Resumen En años recientes la comunicación móvil ha emergido como un canal de discurso político entre los lazos de la red. Mientras algunos celebran las nuevas posibilidades para la vida política, otros están preocupados ya que puede llevar al aislamiento de la red y a la separación política. Este estudio examinó cómo el discurso mediado por los móviles con lazos fuertes interactúa con las características de esos lazos para predecir los niveles de participación política. Los hallazgos revelan que el discurso basado en la movilidad es positivamente asociado con la participación política, pero que esta relación es moderada por el tamaño y la heterogeneidad de la red de pertenencia. La participación incrementa con el uso de la tecnología en las redes grandes de individuos similares, pero declina con el uso de la tecnología en redes homogéneas que son pequeñas. Las implicancias y consideraciones para la investigación futura son ofrecidas en la discusión. Palabras claves: Comunicación móvil; teléfono móvil; teléfono celular; sociedad civil; participación política; redes sociales; lazos fuertes; heterogeneidad L'implication politique dans une société« mobilisée » : les associations interactives entre la communication mobile, les caractéristiques des réseaux et la participation politique Scott W. Campbell & Nojin Kwak Ces dernières années, la communication mobile est devenue un lieu de discours politique au sein des liens sociaux. Si certains y voient de nouvelles possibilités réjouissantes pour la vie politique, d'autres s'inquiètent de ce que cela pourrait mener à l'insularité sociale et au détachement politique. Cette étude a examiné les manières par lesquelles le discours mobile, au sein de liens forts, interagit avec les caractéristiques de ces liens pour prévoir les degrés de participation politique. Les résultats révèlent que le discours mobile est lié positivement à la participation politique, mais que cette association est modérée par la taille et l'hétérogénéité de son réseau. La participation augmente avec l'usage de la technologie dans de grands réseaux d'individus du même avis, mais décline avec l'usage de la technologie dans les petits réseaux homogènes. La discussion présente des implications et des considérations pour la recherche future. Mots clés : communication mobile, téléphone mobile, téléphone cellulaire, société civile, participation politique, réseaux sociaux, liens forts, hétérogénéité Politische Teilhabe in einer “mobilen” Gesellschaft: Die interaktiven Beziehungen zwischen Mobilkommunikation, Netzwerkeigenschaften und politischer Partizipation In den vergangenen Jahren hat sich die Mobilkommunikation zu einem Kanal für den politischen Diskurs in Netzwerkbeziehungen entwickelt. Während dies einige als neue Möglichkeiten für das politische Leben feiern, sind andere besorgt darüber, dass dies zu Netzwerkinseln und politischer Entfremdung führen kann. In dieser Studie untersuchen wir, wie ein mobil-mediatisierte Diskurs mit starken Beziehungen mit den Eigenschaften dieser Beziehungen interagiert, um das Ma\s s an politischer Partizipation vorherzusagen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass ein auf Mobilkommunikation basierender Diskurs positiv mit politischer Partizipation zusammenhängt, diese Beziehung allerdings wird durch die Grö\s se und Heterogenität des eigenen Netzwerks beeinflusst wird. Partizipation erhöht die Nutzung von Technologie in gro\s sen Netzwerken mit ähnlich denkenden Menschen, vermindert aber den Gebrauch von Technologie in homogenen Netzwerken, die eher kleiner sind. Implikationen und Vorschläge für weiterführende Forschung werden im Diskussionsteil erörtert. Schlüsselbegriffe: Mobilkommunikation, Handy, Mobiltelefon, Zivilgesellschaft, politische Teilhabe, soziale Netzwerke, starke Beziehungen, Heterogenität","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2012-05-18","1005–1024","","6","61","","","Political Involvement in “Mobilized” Society","","","","","","","en","\copyright 2011 International Communication Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EAMG8IM2","journalArticle","2013","Stegmueller, Daniel","Modeling Dynamic Preferences: A Bayesian Robust Dynamic Latent Ordered Probit Model","Political Analysis","","","","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/content/21/3/314","Much politico-economic research on individuals' preferences is cross-sectional and does not model dynamic aspects of preference or attitude formation. I present a Bayesian dynamic panel model, which facilitates the analysis of repeated preferences using individual-level panel data. My model deals with three problems. First, I explicitly include feedback from previous preferences taking into account that available survey measures of preferences are categorical. Second, I model individuals' initial conditions when entering the panel as resulting from observed and unobserved individual attributes. Third, I capture unobserved individual preference heterogeneity both via standard parametric random effects and a robust alternative based on Bayesian nonparametric density estimation. I use this model to analyze the impact of income and wealth on preferences for government intervention using the British Household Panel Study from 1991 to 2007.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2013-07-08","314–333","","3","21","","","Modeling Dynamic Preferences","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EAUND58E","journalArticle","1942","Hempel, Carl G.","The Function of General Laws in History","The Journal of Philosophy","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2017635","","1942","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2014-09-04 18:31:54","","35–48","","2","39","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1942 Journal of Philosophy, Inc.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EB4S9QXZ","journalArticle","2013","Kleinberg, Katja B.; Fordham, Benjamin O.","The Domestic Politics of Trade and Conflict","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/isqu.12016/abstract","Kleinberg, Katja B. and Benjamin O. Fordham (2013) The Domestic Politics of Trade and Conflict. International Studies Quarterly, doi: 10.1111/isqu.12016 \copyright 2013 International Studies AssociationLiberal international relations theory suggests that mutual gains from trade prevent conflict between states. Previous research has focused predominately on international outcomes, especially the occurrence of militarized conflict between pairs of states. How concerns about welfare gains from trade help produce the policy choices leading to these outcomes is less well understood. This paper examines the influence of economic interests arising from international trade on the policy-making process at the domestic level. If the benefits of trade increase the opportunity cost of conflict, then support for a harmonious foreign policy should be strongest among trade's domestic beneficiaries. Those whose income is diminished by trade have no reason to favor a friendly foreign policy and might even prefer a hostile alternative. We test whether the domestic distributional effects of trade affect support for hostile foreign policies toward China among representatives in the US Congress. An analysis of cosponsorship and roll-call voting suggests that the export orientation and import sensitivity of their districts influences members' positions on measures that criticize Chinese policies or treat the country as a security threat.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2013-02-01","","","","","","","","","","","","","","en","\copyright 2013 International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EBHIK868","journalArticle","2005","Rosendorff, B. Peter","Stability and Rigidity: Politics and Design of the WTO's Dispute Settlement Procedure","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/30038947","The increased ""legalization"" embodied in the revised Dispute Settlement Procedure (DSP) of the World Trade Organization (WTO) is shown to be an institutional innovation that increases the opportunities for states to temporarily suspend their obligations in periods of unexpected, but heightened, domestic political pressure for protection. This increased flexibility in the system reduces per-period cooperation among states but also reduces the possibility that the regime may break down entirely. There is shown to be a trade-off between rigidity and stability in international institutional design in the face of unforeseen, but occasionally intense, domestic political pressure. In a model with a WTO that serves both an informational and adjudicatory role, it is established that agreements with DSPs are self-enforcing, are more stable, and are more acceptable to a wider variety of countries than agreements without DSPs. Evidence drawn from data on preferential trading agreements supports the key hypotheses.","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2013-01-31","389–400","","3","99","","","Stability and Rigidity","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2005 American Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EBQW53PV","book","1986","","Managing international risk: essays commissioned in honor of the centenary of the Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania","","","","","http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=RDtlpm6ndZgC&oi=fnd&pg=PA1&dq=Managing+International+Risk+herring&ots=gHoKxwffiQ&sig=bF9Jsr8HFz2soTw5_mAK3apg0bw","","1986","2014-10-31 00:42:32","2014-10-31 00:45:12","2014-10-31 00:42:32","","","","","","","Managing international risk","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge ; New York","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","Herring, Richard J.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ECQNX3DQ","book","1984","Leamer, Edward E.","Sources of international comparative advantage: theory and evidence","","0262121077","","","","","1984","2013-10-10 12:32:18","2013-10-10 12:32:18","","","353","","","","","Sources of international comparative advantage","","","","","MIT Press","Cambridge, Mass","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HF1412 .L42 1984","","","","","Energy","Comparative advantage (International trade); International economic relations","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ED8JFKS5","journalArticle","2010","Thies, Cameron G.","Of rulers, rebels, and revenue: State capacity, civil war onset, and primary commodities","Journal of Peace Research","","","","http://jpr.sagepub.com/content/47/3/321.short","","2010","2013-10-09 21:50:01","2013-10-09 21:50:01","2013-10-09 21:50:01","321–332","","3","47","","","Of rulers, rebels, and revenue","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ED9T72F2","journalArticle","2009","Drezner, Daniel W.","Bad Debts: Assessing China's Financial Influence in Great Power Politics","International Security","","","","http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/isec.2009.34.2.7","Commentators and policymakers have articulated growing concerns about U.S. dependence on China and other authoritarian capitalist states as a source of credit to fund the United States' trade and budget deficits. What are the security implications of China's creditor status? If Beijing or another sovereign creditor were to flex its financial muscles, would Washington buckle? The answer can be drawn from the existing literature on economic statecraft. An appraisal of the ability of creditor states to convert their financial power into political power suggests that the power of credit has been moderately exaggerated in policy circles. To use the argot of security studies, China's financial power increases its deterrent capabilities, but it has little effect on its compellence capabilities. China can use its financial power to resist U.S. entreaties, but it cannot coerce the United States into changing its policies. Financial power works best when a concert of creditors (or debtors) can be maintained. Two case studies—the contestation over regulating sovereign wealth funds and the protection of Chinese financial investments in the United States—demonstrate the constraints on China's financial power.","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2013-01-09","7–45","","2","34","","","Bad Debts","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EDTIX7A6","journalArticle","2012","Billmeier, Andreas; Nannicini, Tommaso","Assessing Economic Liberalization Episodes: A Synthetic Control Approach","Review of Economics and Statistics","","0034-6535","10.1162/REST_a_00324","http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/REST_a_00324","We use a transparent statistical methodology for data-driven case studies–the synthetic control method–to investigate the impact of economic liberalization on real GDP per capita in a worldwide sample of countries. Economic liberalization is measured by a widely used indicator that captures the scope of the market in the economy. The methodology compares the postliberalization GDP trajectory of treated economies with the trajectory of a combination of similar but untreated economies. We find that liberalizing the economy had a positive effect in most regions, but more recent liberalizations, in the 1990s and mainly in Africa, had no significant impact.","2012-10-10","2015-07-15 06:05:44","2015-07-15 06:05:44","2015-07-15 06:05:44","983-1001","","3","95","","Review of Economics and Statistics","Assessing Economic Liberalization Episodes","","","","","","","","","","","","MIT Press Journals","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EDXQX3A8","journalArticle","2012","Briggs, Ryan C.","Electrifying the base? Aid and incumbent advantage in Ghana","The Journal of Modern African Studies","","0022-278X, 1469-7777","10.1017/S0022278X12000365","http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0022278X12000365","","2012-12","2015-03-06 20:17:55","2015-03-06 20:17:55","2015-03-06 20:17:55","603-624","","04","50","","","Electrifying the base?","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Briggs_2012_(Electrifying the base).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EEMXGRG7","journalArticle","1985","Boucher, Jacqueline; Smeers, Yves","Gas trade in the European community during the 1970s: A model analysis","Energy Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0140988385900258","The European gas market has the reputation of being ruled by secrecy and particular deals; this paper tries to explain its development during the 1970s in terms of market equilibrium. More precisely, we focus with a partial equilibrium model (GTM) on three important years for gas industry and show that, while equilibrium can easily qualify 1974, short-term considerations have to be introduced to explain the market in 1978. The analysis is further pursued until 1980 where we investigate the price increases that took place during that period.","1985","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2013-09-03","102–116","","2","7","","","Gas trade in the European community during the 1970s","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","European Community; Gas market; Partial equilibrium model","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EF4577PZ","journalArticle","2014","Jandhyala, Srividya; Weiner, Robert J.","Institutions sans frontières: International agreements and foreign investment","Journal of International Business Studies","","","","http://www.palgrave-journals.com/jibs/journal/v45/n6/abs/jibs201370a.html","","2014","2014-10-02 21:20:28","2014-10-02 21:20:28","2014-10-02 21:20:28","649–669","","6","45","","","Institutions sans frontières","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Jandhyala_Weiner_2014_(Institutions sans frontieres).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EF57W5W8","journalArticle","2012","Monteiro, N. P.","Unrest Assured: Why Unipolarity Is Not Peaceful","International Security","","","","","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","","9–40","","3","36","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EFFMQ6CR","report","2006","Stern, Jonathan","The New Security Environment for European Gas","","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2014-09-04 18:31:49","","","","","","","","","","","","","Oxford Institute for Energy Studies","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","October","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EG439R6H","journalArticle","2007","Prakash, Aseem; Potoski, Matthew","Investing Up: FDI and the Cross-Country Diffusion of ISO 14001 Management Systems1","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2007.00471.x/full","","2007","2014-09-29 19:47:14","2014-09-29 19:47:14","2014-09-29 19:47:14","723–744","","3","51","","","Investing Up","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Prakash_Potoski_2007_(Investing Up).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EG8CR3J9","journalArticle","2013","Jinjarak, Yothin; Noy, Ilan; Zheng, Huanhuan","Capital controls in Brazil – Stemming a tide with a signal?","Journal of Banking & Finance","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378426613001908","Controls on capital inflows have been experiencing a renaissance since 2008, with several prominent emerging markets implementing them in recent years. We focus on Brazil, which instituted five changes in its capital account regime in 2008–2011. Using the synthetic control method, we construct counterfactuals (i.e., Brazil with no policy change) for each of these changes. We find no evidence that any tightening of controls was effective in reducing the magnitudes of capital inflows, but we observe some modest and short-lived success in preventing further declines in inflows when the capital controls were relaxed. We hypothesize that price-based capital controls’ only perceptible effect is to be found in the content of the signal they broadcast regarding the government’s larger intentions and sensibilities. In the case of Brazil, its left-of-center government’s willingness to remove controls was perceived as a noteworthy indication that the government was not as hostile to the international financial markets as many expected it to be.","2013-08","2015-07-15 05:57:47","2015-07-15 05:59:12","","2938-2952","","8","37","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EG8GQDAN","journalArticle","2007","Damro, C.","EU Delegation and Agency in International Trade Negotiations: A Cautionary Comparison*","Journal of Common Market Studies","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-5965.2007.00752.x/full","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2013-01-31","883–903","","4","45","","","EU Delegation and Agency in International Trade Negotiations","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EGMQNKIJ","journalArticle","1996","Gigerenzer, Gerd","On narrow norms and vague heuristics: A reply to Kahneman and Tversky","Psychological Review","","1939-1471(Electronic);0033-295X(Print)","10.1037/0033-295X.103.3.592","","This reply clarifies what G. Gigerenzer's (e.g., 1991, 1994; Gigerenzer & Murray, 1987) critique of the heuristics-and-biases approach to statistical reasoning is and is not about. At issue is the imposition of unnecessarily narrow norms of sound reasoning that are used to diagnose so-called cognitive illusions and the continuing reliance on vague heuristics that explain everything and nothing. D. Kahneman and A. Tversky (see record 199601780-007) incorrectly asserted that Gigerenzer simply claimed that frequency formats make all cognitive illusions disappear. In contrast, Gigerenzer has proposed and tested models that actually predict when frequency judgments are valid and when they are not. The issue is not whether or not, or how often, cognitive illusions disappear. The focus should be rather the construction of detailed models of cognitive processes that explain when and why they disappear. A postscript responds to Kahneman and Tversky's (see record 199601780-007) postscript.","1996","2015-04-18 00:20:43","2015-04-18 00:20:43","","592-596","","3","103","","","On narrow norms and vague heuristics","","","","","","","","(c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved","","","","APA PsycNET","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1996/Gigerenzer_1996_(On narrow norms and vague heuristics).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EGQIB457","journalArticle","1994","Fearon, James D.","Domestic political audiences and the escalation of international disputes","American Political Science Review","","","10.2307/2944796","http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=8761158&fileId=S0003055400093667","International crises are modeled as a political “war of attrition” in which state leaders choose at each moment whether to attack, back down, or escalate. A leader who backs down suffers audience costs that increase as the public confrontation proceeds. Equilibrium analysis shows how audience costs enable leaders to learn an adversary's true preferences concerning settlement versus war and thus whether and when attack is rational. The model also generates strong comparative statics results, mainly on the question of which side is most likely to back down. Publicly observable measures of relative military capabilities and relative interests prove to have no direct effect once a crisis begins. Instead, relative audience costs matter: the side with a stronger domestic audience (e.g., a democracy) is always less likely to back down than the side less able to generate audience costs (a nondemocracy). More broadly, the analysis suggests that democracies should be able to signal their intentions to other states more credibly and clearly than authoritarian states can, perhaps ameliorating the security dilemma between democratic states.","1994","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-12-31 16:19:41","","577–592","","3","88","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EGS3MK9R","journalArticle","1957","Dahl, Robert A.","The concept of power","Behavioral Science","","","","http://www.bibliotecajb.org/Portals/0/docs/Maestrias/Alta_Direccion_Publica/12.%20The%20Concept%20of%20Power%20(Robert%20Dahl).pdf","","1957","2015-01-26 17:51:21","2015-01-26 17:51:55","2015-01-26 17:51:21","201–215","","3","2","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1957/Dahl_1957_(The concept of power).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EH5U23RW","report","2008","Ilahi, Nadeem; Shendy, Riham","Do the Gulf Oil-Producing Countries Influence Regional Growth? The Impact of Financial and Remittance Flows","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1475511","This paper tests the association between the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries' financial and remittance outflows and regional growth in the Middle East. The findings, based on 35-year panel data, indicate that growth rates of real GDP, private consumption and private investment in regional countries are strongly associated with remittance outflows from and the accumulation of financial surpluses in the GCC. Unlike in other developing and emerging market countries, growth in regional countries is not influenced by growth in the North, and is not export led. Linkages with the GCC could help sustain output growth in the regional countries in the face of the global economic slowdown and oil price shocks and could provide diversification gains to international capital seeking markets uncorrelated with Northern and emerging market countries.","2008-07-01","2015-08-24 18:16:33","2015-08-24 18:16:33","2015-08-24 18:16:33","","","","","","","Do the Gulf Oil-Producing Countries Influence Regional Growth?","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Ilahi_Shendy_2008_(Do the Gulf Oil-Producing Countries Influence Regional Growth).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 1475511","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EH9AMBRH","journalArticle","1996","Bhattacharyya, Subhes C.","Applied general equilibrium models for energy studies: a survey","Energy Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0140988396000138","The importance of energy in any economy, developed or underdeveloped, became clear after the first oil shock in 1973. Since then, different studies were carried out to formulate energy policies and to study their impact on the economies. Since energy policy issues are related to various aspects of the economy such as price formation, output determination, income generation and distribution, consumption behaviour, government operation, etc., a coherent and systematic mechanism is required for such analysis. By offering such a framework of analysis, AGE models gained popularity among energy modellers. In the 1980s, the environmental issues have gained importance, and the focus shifted towards curbing and containing emissions of environmentally unfriendly gases resulting from the use of energy, AGE models, because of their capability to capture the complexities of the economy, have found relevance in analysing the economic impacts of controlling pollution and greenhouse gases. This paper surveys the literature on such general equilibrium models as applied to energy studies, and reports their special features, evolution through time as well as their limitations.","1996","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2013-09-03","145–164","","3","18","","","Applied general equilibrium models for energy studies","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Energy and the environment; General equilibrium models; Modelling issues","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EHP6BJK9","book","2007","Libicki, M. C.; Chalk, P.; Sisson, M.","Exploring terrorist targeting preferences","","","","","http://books.google.ca/books?hl=en&lr=&id=djRgUE1elsAC&oi=fnd&pg=PP2&dq=terrorist+target+choice&ots=QuKpYFgW-0&sig=1xMRONOgzfizszZgQr_ksiYqr-o","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2012-09-18","","","","483","","","","","","","","Rand Corp","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EHPIV4BW","bookSection","1972","Marx, Karl","The German Ideology","The Marx-Engels reader","","","","","","1972","2012-11-01 12:03:55","2014-09-04 20:25:02","","","","","","","","","","","","","Norton","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HX39.5 .A224 1972","","","","","Socialism","Socialism","","","Tucker, Robert C.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EI2MHK7K","journalArticle","2011","Meirowitz, Adam; Ramsay, Kristopher W.","Credibility and Crisis Bargaining","","","","","http://www.yale.net/leitner/resources/papers/Meirowitz.pdf","","2011","2015-03-07 15:58:24","2015-03-07 15:58:24","2015-03-07 15:58:24","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Meirowitz_Ramsay_2011_(Credibility and Crisis Bargaining).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EID28P3G","conferencePaper","2013","Haftel, Yoram Z.; Thompson, Alexander","When do states renegotiate international agreements? The case of bilateral investment treaties","Annual Convention of the International Studies Association, San Francisco","","","","http://law.huji.ac.il/upload/Ilulissat_Declaration(1).pdf","","2013","2014-10-31 14:01:37","2014-10-31 14:02:46","2014-10-31 14:01:37","","","","","","","When do states renegotiate international agreements?","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Haftel_Thompson_2013_(When do states renegotiate international agreements).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EIQSBE5M","book","2012","Braumoeller, Bear F","The great powers and the international system: systemic theory in empirical perspective","","9781107005419 1107005418 9781107659186 1107659183","","","","""This is the first book to describe and test a fully systemic theory of international politics. Using statistics and diplomatic history, it traces statesmen's efforts to influence the power and ideas that form the broad contours of the international system within which they interact""-- ""In Thucudides' History of the Peloponnesian War, the author recounts an incident in which the Athenians sailed to the island of Melos, a Spartan colony, and two Athenian Generals, Cleomedes and Tisias, sent their representatives to negotiate with the Council of the Melians. What makes their dialogue especially noteworthy is the Athenians' bald statement at the onset that, in their negotiations, the Melians should not appeal to the Athenians' sense of justice, because, quite simply, ""the strong do what they can and the weak suffer what they must."" The sphere of power is independent of the sphere of justice, rendering the state an autonomous actor, able to pursue its own interests, limited only by its own capabilities. Millenia later, in an era in which Great Powers have given way to superpowers and nuclear weapons have magnified the disparity between strong and weak to a degree unimaginable to the Athenians, the aphorism remains familiar and seems more applicable than ever. It is surprising, therefore, to find some of the most adroit statesmen at the helm of some of the most powerful states of the past two centuries expressing near-helplessness in the face of the impersonal forces that shape world politics. No less effective a diplomat than Charles de Talleyrand-Périgord famously said that ""[t]he art of statesmanship is to foresee the inevitable and to expedite its occurrence."" Otto von Bismarck, architect of German unification, wrote that ""[e]ven victorious wars can only be justified when they are forced upon a nation.""1 Such quotes, indicating as they do that even Great Powers often have very little freedom of action amid the overwhelming pull of international events, seem puzzling coming from statesmen famous for their ability to produce the outcomes they desired""--","2012","2015-02-25 20:43:33","2015-02-25 20:43:33","","","","","","","","The great powers and the international system","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge; New York","English","","","","","Open WorldCat","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Braumoeller_2012_(The great powers and the international system).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EITCAQXU","journalArticle","2007","Kim, Joongi","Fears of foreign ownership: The old face of economic nationalism","SAIS Review","","","","http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/sais_review/v027/27.2kim.html","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2013-03-15","167–177","","2","27","","","Fears of foreign ownership","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EITE4XWK","manuscript","2011","Barkanov, Boris","A Tale of Two Exporters: Russia vs. Norway, State Images, and the Origins of the Energy Charter Treaty","","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","rename","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EIXJAFJQ","journalArticle","2002","Schneck, S.","Taylored Citizenship: State Institutions and Subjectivity. By Char Roone Miller. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers, 2001. 224p. 66.00.","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","","807–808","","04","96","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EJHHHMEZ","journalArticle","2014","de Figueiredo, John M.; Richter, Brian Kelleher","Advancing the Empirical Research on Lobbying","Annual Review of Political Science","","","10.1146/annurev-polisci-100711-135308","http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-100711-135308","This review identifies empirical facts about lobbying that are generally agreed upon in the literature. It then discusses challenges to empirical research in lobbying and provides examples of empirical methods that can be employed to overcome these challenges—with an emphasis on statistical measurement, identification, and casual inference. The article then discusses the advantages, disadvantages, and effective use of the main types of data available for research in lobbying. It closes with a number of open questions for researchers in the field and avenues for future work to advance empirical research on lobbying.","2014","2014-05-14 20:13:42","2014-05-14 20:13:42","2014-05-14 20:13:42","163-185","","1","17","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EJNQR4NP","manuscript","2011","Villumsen, Trine","Capitalizing on Bourdieu","","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","bourdieu; constructivism; doxic battles; european security; nato; practice; theory","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EKEFPCJM","journalArticle","2014","Lupia, Arthur; Elman, Colin","Openness in Political Science: Data Access and Research Transparency","PS: Political Science & Politics","","1537-5935","10.1017/S1049096513001716","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1049096513001716","In 2012, the American Political Science Association (APSA) Council adopted new policies guiding data access and research transparency in political science. The policies appear as a revision to APSA's Guide to Professional Ethics in Political Science. The revisions were the product of an extended and broad consultation with a variety of APSA committees and the association's membership.","2014-01","2015-02-23 19:02:42","2015-02-23 19:02:42","2015-02-23 19:02:42","19–42","","01","47","","","Openness in Political Science","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Lupia_Elman_2014_(Openness in Political Science).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EKTHX9NE","journalArticle","2013","Hicks, Raymond; Milner, Helen V.; Tingley, Dustin","Trade Policy, Economic Interests, and Party Politics in a Developing Country: The Political Economy of CAFTA-DR","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/isqu.12057/abstract","Developing countries have increasingly opened their economies to trade. Research about trade policy in developed countries focuses on a bottom-up process by identifying economic preferences of domestic groups. We know less about developing countries. We analyze how economic and political variables influenced Costa Rican voters in a referendum on CAFTA-DR, an international trade agreement. We find little support for Stolper–Samuelson models of economic preferences, but more support for specific factor models. We also isolate the effects of political parties on the referendum, controlling for many economic factors; we document how at least one party influenced voters and this made the difference for CAFTA-DR passage. Politics, namely parties using their organizational strength to cue and frame messages for voters, influenced this important trade policy decision. Theories about trade policy need to take into account top-down political factors along with economic interests.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2013-02-01","","","","","","","Trade Policy, Economic Interests, and Party Politics in a Developing Country","","","","","","","en","\copyright 2013 International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EM5Q9DJ4","journalArticle","1994","Grossman, Gene M.; Helpman, Elhanan","Protection for Sale","The American Economic Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2118033","We develop a model in which special-interest groups make political contributions in order to influence an incumbent government's choice of trade policy. The interest groups bid for protection with their campaign support. Politicians maximize their own welfare, which depends on total contributions collected and on the welfare of voters. We study the structure of protection that emerges in the political equilibrium and the contributions by different lobbies that support the policy outcome. We also discuss why the lobbies may in some cases prefer to have the government use trade policy to transfer income, rather than more efficient means.","1994","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2012-12-01","833–850","","4","84","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1994 American Economic Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EM99E5UV","thesis","2010","Nemeth, S. C.","A rationalist explanation of terrorist targeting","","","","","http://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/718/","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2012-09-18","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EMDVVRDC","journalArticle","2010","Navari, C.","The concept of practice in the english school","European Journal of International Relations","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","","1–20","","10","20","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EMKZVN3I","journalArticle","2013","Kacperczyk, Marcin; Schnabl, Philipp","How Safe Are Money Market Funds?*","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","","","http://qje.oxfordjournals.org/content/128/3/1073","We examine the risk-taking behavior of money market funds during the financial crisis of 2007–2010. We find that (1) money market funds experienced an unprecedented expansion in their risk-taking opportunities; (2) funds had strong incentives to take on risk because fund inflows were highly responsive to fund yields; (3) funds sponsored by financial intermediaries with more money fund business took on more risk; and (4) funds suffered runs as a result of their risk taking. This evidence suggests that money market funds lack safety because they have strong incentives to take on risk when the opportunity arises and are vulnerable to runs. JEL Codes: G21, G23, E44.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2013-07-08","1073–1122","","3","128","","","How Safe Are Money Market Funds?","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EN7T3NAM","journalArticle","2015","Kertzer, Joshua D.; Rathbun, Brian C.","Fair is Fair: social Preferences and reciprocity in international Politics","World Politics","","1086-3338","10.1017/S0043887115000180","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0043887115000180","Behavioral economics has shown that people often diverge from classical assumptions about self-interested behavior: they have social preferences and are concerned about issues of fairness and reciprocity. Social psychologists show that these preferences vary across actors, with some displaying more prosocial value orientations than others. Integrating a laboratory bargaining experiment with original archival research on Anglo-French and Franco-German diplomacy during the interwar period, the authors show how fairness and reciprocity matter in social interactions. That prosocials do not exploit their bargaining leverage to the degree that proselfs do helps explain why some pairs of actors are better able to avoid bargaining failure than others. In the face of consistent egoism on the part of negotiating partners, however, prosocials engage in negative reciprocity and adopt the same behaviors as proselfs.","2015-10","2015-09-21 20:19:05","2015-09-21 20:19:05","2015-09-21 20:19:05","613–655","","04","67","","","Fair is Fair","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Kertzer_Rathbun_2015_(Fair is Fair).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EN7X39PH","journalArticle","1999","Czerlinski, Jean; Gigerenzer, Gerd; Goldstein, Daniel G.","How good are simple heuristics?","","","","","http://psycnet.apa.org/psycinfo/1999-04366-005","","1999","2015-04-18 00:22:58","2015-04-18 00:22:58","2015-04-18 00:22:58","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ENTMUPH4","book","1996","Keohane, Robert Owen; Levy, Marc A.","Institutions for environmental aid: pitfalls and promise.","","","","","http://www.cabdirect.org/abstracts/19986774685.html","","1996","2015-04-12 17:52:15","2015-04-12 17:52:48","2015-04-12 17:52:15","","","","","","","Institutions for environmental aid","","","","","MIT Press","Cambridge, MA","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EP2BCBSI","journalArticle","2009","Shayo, M.","A model of social identity with an application to political economy: Nation, class, and redistribution","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2014-09-04 18:31:52","","147–174","","2","103","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EP5UQA3A","journalArticle","2013","Bennett, Andrew","The mother of all isms: Causal mechanisms and structured pluralism in International Relations theory","European Journal of International Relations","","1354-0661, 1460-3713","10.1177/1354066113495484","http://ejt.sagepub.com/content/19/3/459","Theorizing under the rubric of paradigmatic ‘isms’ has made important conceptual contributions to International Relations, but the organization of the subfield around these isms is based on flawed readings of the philosophy of science and has run its course. A promising alternative is to build on the philosophical foundation of scientific realism and orient International Relations theorizing around the idea of explanation via reference to hypothesized causal mechanisms. Yet in order to transform the practice of International Relations theorizing and research, calls for ‘analytic eclecticism’ must not only demonstrate that scientific realism is a defensible epistemology amenable to diverse methods; they must provide a structured and memorable framework for diverse and cumulative theorizing and research, field-wide discourse, and compelling pedagogy. I Introduce a ‘taxonomy of theories about causal mechanisms’ as a structured pluralist framework for encompassing the theories about mechanisms of power, institutions, and legitimacy that have been providing the explanatory content of the isms all along. This framework encourages middle-range or typological theorizing about combinations of causal mechanisms and their operation in recurrent contexts, and it offers a means of reinvigorating the dialogue between International Relations, the other subfields of political science, and the rest of the social sciences.","2013-09-01","2013-09-06 11:08:10","2013-09-06 11:08:10","2013-09-06 11:08:10","459-481","","3","19","","European Journal of International Relations","The mother of all isms","","","","","","","en","","","","","ejt.sagepub.com","","","","","","","causal mechanisms; eclecticism; paradigms; research programs; scientific realism; typological theory","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EP8M2G6D","journalArticle","2011","Davis, Christina L.; Meunier, Sophie","Business as Usual? Economic Responses to Political Tensions","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2010.00507.x/abstract","Do political tensions harm economic relations? Theories claim that trade prevents war and political relations motivate trade, but less is known about whether smaller shifts in political relations impact economic exchange. Looking at two major economies, we show that negative events have not hurt U.S. or Japanese trade or investment flows. We then examine specific incidents of tensions in U.S.-French and Sino-Japanese relations over the past decade—two case pairs that allow us to compare varying levels of political tension given high existing economic interdependence and different alliance relations. Aggregate economic flows and high salience sectors like wine and autos are unaffected by the deterioration of political relations. In an era of globalization, actors lack incentives to link political and economic relations. We argue that sunk costs in existing trade and investment make governments, firms, and consumers unlikely to change their behavior in response to political disputes.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2013-01-31","628–646","","3","55","","","Business as Usual?","","","","","","","en","\copyright2011, Midwest Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EPBP8ZWQ","journalArticle","1994","Shleifer, Andrei; Vishny, Robert W.","Politicians and Firms","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","0033-5533","10.2307/2118354","http://www.jstor.org.proxy.library.georgetown.edu/stable/2118354","We present a model of bargaining between politicians and managers that explains many stylized facts about the behavior of state firms, their commercialization, and privatization. Subsidies to public enterprises and bribes from managers to politicians emerge naturally in the model. We use the model and several extensions to understand why commercialization and privatization might work, and what forces contribute to effective restructuring of public enterprises. We illustrate the model using examples from several countries.","1994-11-01","2013-10-09 21:39:40","2013-10-09 21:39:40","2013-10-09 21:39:40","995-1025","","4","109","","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","","","","","","","","Copyright © 1994 Oxford University Press","","","","JSTOR","","ArticleType: research-article / Full publication date: Nov., 1994 / Copyright © 1994 Oxford University Press","","","","Firms","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EPCQ3QJ3","book","1985","Katzenstein, Peter","Smal States in World Markets: Industrial Policy in Europe","","","","","","","1985","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:24:25","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EQDWRW5F","journalArticle","2014","Hellwig, Timothy","Balancing Demands: The World Economy and the Composition of Policy Preferences","The Journal of Politics","","0022-3816, 1468-2508","10.1017/S002238161300128X","http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S002238161300128X","","2014-01","2014-09-04 20:32:17","2014-09-04 20:32:17","2014-09-04 20:32:17","1-14","","01","76","","","Balancing Demands","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Hellwig_2014_(Balancing Demands).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EQQ6J2SB","journalArticle","2008","Imbens, Guido W.; Lemieux, Thomas","Regression discontinuity designs: A guide to practice","Journal of Econometrics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304407607001091","","2008","2015-02-02 23:07:27","2015-02-02 23:07:40","2015-02-02 23:07:27","615–635","","2","142","","","Regression discontinuity designs","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Imbens_Lemieux_2008_(Regression discontinuity designs)2.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ERGCR4Q4","journalArticle","2012","Kertzer, Joshua D.; McGraw, Kathleen M.","Folk Realism: Testing the Microfoundations of Realism in Ordinary Citizens","International Studies Quarterly","","","","","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","","no","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ERH3SSGJ","book","2009","","Critical practices in international theory: selected essays","","9780415772402","","","","","2009","2013-02-25 17:24:41","2014-09-04 20:22:38","","","316","","","","","Critical practices in international theory","","","","","Routledge","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JZ1318 .D464 2009","","","","","International relations; Philosophy","Philosophy","Der Derian, James","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ERJTSTHF","book","1985","Gustafson, Thane; Rand Corporation","Soviet negotiating strategy: the east-west gas pipeline deal, 1980-1984","","0833006347","","","","","1985","2012-09-20 04:29:01","2014-09-04 20:23:29","","","45","","","","","Soviet negotiating strategy","","","","","Rand","Santa Monica, CA","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD9581.S652 G875","","","","","Europe; Gas industry; Natural gas pipelines; Negotiation in business; Political aspects; Soviet Union","Europe; Gas industry; Natural gas pipelines; Negotiation in business; Political aspects; Soviet Union","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ERNSA5CZ","journalArticle","2006","Locatelli, C.","The Russian oil industry between public and private governance: obstacles to international oil companies investment strategies","Energy Policy","","","10.1016/j.enpol.2004.09.007","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-11-24 00:48:55","","1075–1085","","9","34","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","international investment; Russian Oil Industry; russian oil policy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ESAGU5KS","journalArticle","2013","Wellhausen, Rachel L.","Innovation in Tow: R&D FDI and investment incentives","Business and Politics","","","","http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/bap.2013.15.issue-4/bap-2013-0014/bap-2013-0014.xml","","2013","2014-10-31 14:00:59","2014-10-31 14:00:59","2014-10-31 14:00:59","467–491","","4","15","","","Innovation in Tow","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Wellhausen_2013_(Innovation in Tow).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ESHAN2FU","journalArticle","2001","Rasmussen, M. V.","Reflexive Security: NATO and International Risk Society","Millennium - Journal of International Studies","","","","","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","","285–309","","2","30","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ESR2Q3N6","journalArticle","2014","Tingley, Dustin; Tomz, Michael","Conditional Cooperation and Climate Change","Comparative Political Studies","","0010-4140, 1552-3829","10.1177/0010414013509571","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/47/3/344","It is widely believed that international cooperation can arise through strategies of reciprocity. In this paper, we investigate whether citizens in the United States and 25 other countries support reciprocity to deal with climate change. We find little public enthusiasm for intrinsic reciprocity, in which countries restrain their consumption of fossil fuels if and only if other countries do the same. In contrast, we find significant support for extrinsic reciprocity, in which countries enforce cooperation by linking issues. Citizens support economic sanctions against polluters and are willing to shame them in international forums, especially when the polluters are violating a treaty. Cooperation could, therefore, emerge from efforts to link climate with other issues and to embed climate commitments in international law.","2014-03-01","2015-04-12 18:01:52","2015-04-12 18:01:52","2015-04-12 18:01:52","344-368","","3","47","","Comparative Political Studies","","","","","","","","en","","","","","cps.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Tingley_Tomz_2014_(Conditional Cooperation and Climate Change).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ESSG7QHS","journalArticle","1995","Rogowski, Ronald","The Role of Theory and Anomaly in Social-Scientific Inference","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2082443","","1995","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","","467–470","","2","89","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1995 American Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ET36RDMN","report","2005","Voeten, Erik","The Political Origins of the UN Security Council's Ability to Legitimize the Use of Force","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=696023","At least since the Persian Gulf War, states have behaved ""as if"" it is costly to be unsuccessful in acquiring the legitimacy the UN Security Council confers on uses of force. This observation is puzzling for theories that seek the origins of modern institutional legitimacy in legalities or moral values. I argue that when governments and citizens look for an authority to legitimize the use of force, they generally do not seek an independent judgment on the appropriateness of an intervention but political reassurance about the consequences of proposed military adventures. Council decisions legitimize or delegitimize uses of force in the sense that they form widely accepted political judgments on whether uses of force transgress a limit that should be defended. These judgments become focal points in the collaboration and coordination dilemmas states face in enforcing limits to U.S. power while preserving mutually beneficial cooperation. The implications for the Council's legitimacy and theories of international legitimacy are discussed.","2005-04-06","2014-09-16 21:38:19","2014-09-16 21:38:19","2014-09-16 21:38:19","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2005/Voeten_2005_(The Political Origins of the UN Security Council's Ability to Legitimize the).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 696023","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ETJGGJMD","journalArticle","2006","Kaufman, Stuart J.","Symbolic Politics or Rational Choice? Testing Theories of Extreme Ethnic Violence","International Security","","","","http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/isec.2006.30.4.45","Rational choice theories claim that extreme ethnic violence (war and genocide) can be explained either as the result of information failures and commitment problems or as the utility-maximizing strategy of predatory elites. Symbolic politics theory asserts that such violence is driven by hostile ethnic myths and an emotionally driven symbolic politics based on those myths that popularizes predatory policies. Tests of these models in the cases of Sudan's civil war and Rwanda's genocide show that the rationalist models are incorrect: neither case can be understood as resulting from information failures, commitment problems, or rational power-conserving elite strategies. Rather, in both cases ethnic mythologies and fears made predatory policies so popular that leaders had little choice but to embrace them by playing up associated ethnic symbols, even though these policies led to the leaders' downfalls. Ethnic security dilemmas in such cases are driven not by uncertainty but by predatory leaders engaged in symbolic politics.","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","","45–86","","4","30","","","Symbolic Politics or Rational Choice?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ETSUC8F6","journalArticle","2011","Gelman, Andrew","Causality and Statistical Learning","American Journal of Sociology","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/662659","","2011","2014-11-09 20:47:35","2014-11-09 20:47:42","2014-11-09 20:47:35","955–966","","3","117","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Gelman_2011_(Causality and Statistical Learning).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ETTQKH4T","magazineArticle","2014","","Sheikhs v shale","The Economist","","0013-0613","","http://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21635472-economics-oil-have-changed-some-businesses-will-go-bust-market-will-be","The economics of oil have changed. Some businesses will go bust, but the market will be healthier","2014-12-06","2014-12-14 04:51:55","2014-12-14 04:51:55","2014-12-14 04:51:55","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","The Economist","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ETWG8373","journalArticle","2014","El-Katiri, Laura","A roadmap for renewable energy in the Middle East and North Africa","Oxford Institute for Energy Studies Paper","","","","","Home to more than half of the world's crude oil and more than a third of its natural gas reserves, the MENA region has, for the past fifty years, gained enormous significance as a global producer and exporter of energy. The MENA region is already a major energy consumer, and is forecast to continue to account, alongside Asia, for the majority of the world's energy demand growth well into the 2030s; placing domestic energy policies at the heart of the region's economic agendas for the coming decades. This paper argues that renewable energy --- most importantly solar power, with its particular regional climatic advantage --- could play a significant role as a cost-competitive alternative to conventional fossil fuels, if the full opportunity cost of domestically consumed oil and natural gas resources is fully priced into the regional energy system. The absence of cost-reflective energy and electricity tariffs in the MENA region today currently conceals this potential cost advantage; and leaves renewable energy deployment subject to further, economically distorting, policies such as renewables targets and fiscal incentives. Systematically opening up the economic opportunities offered by renewable energy to the MENA region will hence require structural reform of regional energy market and pricing mechanisms, thereby rationalizing the use of different energy sources in each domestic market.","2014","2015-05-22 09:39:52","2015-07-03 06:15:10","","","","MEP 6","","","","","","","","","","","English","","","","","Open WorldCat","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/El-Katiri_2014_(A roadmap for renewable energy in the Middle East and North Africa).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EUAJCU8E","bookSection","2011","Hanmin, Liu; Xingxiu, Wang","The Nature, Features and Governance of State-owned Energy Enterprises","2010 International Conference on Energy, Environment and Development (iceed2010)","","","","","The state-owned energy enterprise, in essence, is a kind of contractual arrangement. In order to maximize national interests, the state delegates executives to operate business in the energy sector by combining energy resources with other resources through a series of contracts. Yet the features of state-owned energy enterprises, such as monopoly, negative externalities, strong asset specificity and high opportunism risks, could give rise to some negative impacts. So, in order to avoid negative impacts, improve governance efficiency and achieve harmony between man and nature, we should improve government regulation system, establish a more efficient board, implement a reasonable operator incentive system, and revise the supervision and constraint mechanisms. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and peer-review under responsibility of RIUDS","2011","2013-10-09 21:54:17","2013-10-11 10:23:28","","713-718","","","5","","","","","","","","Elsevier Science","Amsterdam","English","","","","","ISI Web of Knowledge","","WOS:000298299400126","","","","Energy","asset specificity; Corporate governance; negative externality","Zhang, W.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EUHIPT8H","journalArticle","2007","Tansey, O.","Process tracing and elite interviewing: a case for non-probability sampling","PS: Political Science and Politics","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2014-09-04 18:31:40","","481–496","","4","40","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EUHPQCIW","journalArticle","1984","Moe, Terry M.","The New Economics of Organization","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2110997","Over the last ten years or so, an important new approach to the study of organizations has emerged within economics. It is perhaps best characterized by three elements: a contractual perspective on organizational relationships, a theoretical focus on hierarchical control, and formal analysis via principal-agent models. This paper provides political scientists with an overview of the ""new economics of organization"" and explores its implications for the study of public bureaucracy.","1984","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2012-11-01","739–777","","4","28","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1984 Midwest Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EVB39DBR","book","2012","Makholm, Jeff D.","The political economy of pipelines: a century of comparative institutional development","","9780226502106","","","","","2012","2014-11-29 03:56:13","2014-11-29 03:56:21","","","270","","","","","The political economy of pipelines","","","","","The University of Chicago Press","Chicago","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD9580.A2 M354 2012","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EVBIASKR","journalArticle","2015","Titiunik, Rocío","Can Big Data Solve the Fundamental Problem of Causal Inference?","PS: Political Science & Politics","","1537-5935","10.1017/S1049096514001772","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1049096514001772","","2015-01","2015-02-23 19:07:12","2015-02-23 19:07:12","2015-02-23 19:07:12","75–79","","01","48","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Titiunik_2015_(Can Big Data Solve the Fundamental Problem of Causal Inference).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EVD3DQQU","journalArticle","2000","Russett, Bruce; Starr, Harvey","From democratic peace to Kantian peace","Handbook of war studies II","","","","http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=DV5Dg68TLhEC&oi=fnd&pg=PA93&dq=%22power%E2%80%9D+whereby+leaders+can+strategically+enhance+the+public%E2%80%99s+perception+of%22+%22democracies+are+more+peaceful+than+autocracies+(Eyerman+and+Hart,+1996%3B+Fearon,%22+%22strategies+that+include+compromise+strategies,+I+use+survey+experiments+to+test+a%22+&ots=kHCcMLry10&sig=7GmVzEE0heME6gKFUCyCIj_NENo","","2000","2014-09-29 02:16:42","2014-09-29 02:16:42","2014-09-29 02:16:42","93","","","2","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2000/Russett_Starr_2000_(From democratic peace to Kantian peace).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EVM7NIR5","book","2011","Saunders, Elizabeth N.","Leaders at war: how presidents shape military interventions","","9780801449222","","","","","2011","2013-01-08 02:27:42","2014-09-04 20:26:12","","","302","","","","","Leaders at war","Cornell studies in security affairs","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca, NY","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JK558 .S38 2011","","","","","1945-1989; Intervention (International law); Political leadership; Politics and war; Presidents; War and emergency powers","1945-1989; Intervention (International law); Political leadership; Politics and war; Presidents; War and emergency powers","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EVU2PZZA","journalArticle","2010","Cao, Xun; Prakash, Aseem","Trade Competition and Domestic Pollution: A Panel Study, 1980–2003","International Organization","","1531-5088","10.1017/S0020818310000123","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0020818310000123","This research note examines whether trade competition abets regulatory races in the environmental area. To analyze trade competition, we develop a new measure, structural equivalence, which assesses competitive threats that a country faces from other countries whose firms export the same products to the same destination countries. Employing this new measure, we analyze air pollution intensity (sulfur dioxide or SO2) and water pollution intensity (biochemical oxygen demand or BOD) for a panel of 140 countries for the time period 1980–2003. We find that trade competition is a significant predictor of water pollution intensity among structurally equivalent countries. We then test separately whether trade competition abets upward and downward regulatory races. We find that in the case of water pollution, countries respond symmetrically to downward and upward races, that is, they follow their structurally equivalent competitor countries both when they ratchet down their regulations and when they ratchet up regulations. In the case of air pollution, however, countries are responsive to downward policy changes only in competitor countries.","2010-07","2015-04-12 18:32:31","2015-04-12 18:32:31","2015-04-12 18:32:31","481–503","","03","64","","","Trade Competition and Domestic Pollution","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Cao_Prakash_2010_(Trade Competition and Domestic Pollution).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EVWBMU5T","book","2003","Grieco, Joseph M.; Ikenberry, G. John","State power and world markets: the international political economy","","0393974197","","","","","2003","2012-11-07 05:47:57","2014-09-04 20:23:25","","","383","","","","","State power and world markets","","","","","W.W. Norton","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HF1359 .G73 2003","","","","","Commercial policy; International economic integration; International economic relations; Trade; WTO","Commercial policy; International economic integration; International economic relations","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","1st ed","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EW7TXFTI","report","2014","Graham, Benjamin A. T.; Johnston, Noel P.; Kingsley, Allison","A Unified Model of Political Risk","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2533701","Political risk is a complex phenomenon. This complexity has incentivized scholars to take a piecemeal approach to understanding it. Nearly all scholarship has targeted a single type of political risk (expropriation) and, within this risk, a single type of firm (MNCs) and a single type of strategic mechanism through which that risk may be mitigated (entry mode). Yet ""political risk"" is actually a collection of multiple distinct risks that affect the full spectrum of foreign firms, and these firms vary widely in their capabilities for resisting and evading these risks. We offer a unified theoretical model that can simultaneously analyze: the three main types of political risk (war, expropriation, and transfer restrictions); the universe of private foreign investors (direct investors, portfolio equity investors, portfolio debt investors, and commercial banks); and the three most relevant strategic capabilities (information, exit, and resistance). We leverage the variance among foreign investors to identify effective firm strategies to manage political risk. By employing a simultaneous and unified model of political risk, we also find counterintuitive insights on the way governments trade off between risks and how investors use other investors as risk shields.","2014-12-03","2015-03-07 20:10:10","2015-03-07 20:10:10","2015-03-07 20:10:10","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Graham et al_2014_(A Unified Model of Political Risk).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2533701","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EWBX4JAC","journalArticle","2011","Power, Michael","Foucault and Sociology","Annual Review of Sociology","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-soc-081309-150133","Michel Foucault was a gifted but elusive thinker with a wide and continuing impact across many academic fields. This article positions his work as a historical sociology of knowledge and evaluates its contribution. After reviewing Foucault's central preoccupations as they emerge in his major works, the argument briefly considers their influence on accounting scholarship as an informative exemplar of a wider Foucault effect. Four key areas for the sociological reception of Foucault are then considered: the nature of discourse and archaeology, his historical method, the problem of agency and action, and his conception of power. Articulating Foucault's relationship to sociology is inherently problematic, not least because he takes the emergence of the sciences of man as something to be explained rather than augmented. Yet his work remains a rich resource for inquiries of the sociological type, is broadly aligned with a practice turn in social theory, and intersects with several themes in both mainstream and critical sociology.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2012-09-06","35–56","","1","37","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","accounting; discipline; discourse; governmentality; power-knowledge","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EWKM2E5P","journalArticle","2007","Büger, Christian; Villumsen, Trine","Beyond the gap: relevance, fields of practice and the securitizing consequences of (democratic peace) research","Journal of International Relations and Development","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:32:03","2014-09-04 18:32:03","","417–448","","4","10","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EWMRRJNH","journalArticle","2013","Nexon, Daniel H.; Pouliot, Vincent","“Things of Networks”: Situating ANT in International Relations","International Political Sociology","","1749-5687","10.1111/ips.12026_4","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ips.12026_4/abstract","","2013","2013-09-16 09:19:41","2013-09-16 09:19:41","2013-09-16 09:19:41","342–345","","3","7","","","“Things of Networks”","","","","","","","en","© 2013 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","Practice/ANT","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EWTSJ75D","journalArticle","2015","Johnston, Noel P.; Janz, Nicole; Mahdavi, Paasha","How Stealing from Foreigners Affects Domestic Human Rights","","","","","http://paasha.bol.ucla.edu/JJM.pdf","","2015","2015-03-07 20:11:18","2015-03-13 13:34:04","2015-03-07 20:11:18","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Johnston et al_2014_(How Stealing from Foreigners Affects Domestic Human Rights).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EWVJQVFG","book","1968","Plato; Bloom, Allan","The Republic of Plato","","","","","","","1968","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:25:43","","","","","","","","","","","","","Basic Books","New York","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","2nd","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EWWBG5T4","journalArticle","2012","Cao, Xun; Prakash, Aseem","Trade Competition and Environmental Regulations: Domestic Political Constraints and Issue Visibility","The Journal of Politics","","1468-2508","10.1017/S0022381611001228","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0022381611001228","How do domestic political institutions, specifically veto players, mediate the effect of trade competition on regulatory races in the environmental area? Is the mediating effect more pronounced for more visible pollution issues such as air pollution in relation to less visible water pollution? Governments are expected to respond to trade pressures by lowering regulatory costs. To do so, governments can rewrite regulations (de jure policy change) and/or lower the enforcement of existing regulations (de facto policy change). In contrast with de facto changes, de jure policy changes are more likely to invite opposition from pro-environment constituencies, and are therefore politically more difficult. Our analysis of 140 countries for the period 1980–2003 suggests that in response to trade pressures, governments do not lower regulatory stringency by rewriting (de jure) environmental regulations for any level of domestic constraints. In contrast, when political constraints are low, governments respond to trade pressures by adjusting regulatory stringency via de facto changes. Moreover, in the context of de facto policy changes, the constraining effect of veto players is more pronounced for air pollution (sulphur dioxide) in comparison to water pollution (biochemical oxygen demand). This is because air pollution is a more visible pollution issue around which organized, urban constituencies tend to mobilize.","2012-01","2015-04-12 18:32:38","2015-04-12 18:32:38","2015-04-12 18:32:38","66–82","","01","74","","","Trade Competition and Environmental Regulations","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Cao_Prakash_2012_(Trade Competition and Environmental Regulations).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "EXKS3B6X","journalArticle","1988","Quattrone, George A.; Tversky, Amos","Contrasting Rational and Psychological Analyses of Political Choice","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1962487","We contrast the rational theory of choice in the form of expected utility theory with descriptive psychological analysis in the form of prospect theory, using problems involving the choice between political candidates and public referendum issues. The results showed that the assumptions underlying the classical theory of risky choice are systematically violated in the manner predicted by prospect theory. In particular, our respondents exhibited risk aversion in the domain of gains, risk seeking in the domain of losses, and a greater sensitivity to losses than to gains. This is consistent with the advantage of the incumbent under normal conditions and the potential advantage of the challenger in bad times. The results further show how a shift in the reference point could lead to reversals of preferences in the evaluation of political and economic options, contrary to the assumption of invariance. Finally, we contrast the normative and descriptive analyses of uncertainty in choice and address the rationality of voting.","1988","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2012-05-09","719–736","","3","82","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F29BIAN8","journalArticle","2006","Gourlay, Stephen","Towards conceptual clarity for `tacit knowledge': a review of empirical studies","Knowledge Management Research & Practice","","","","http://www.palgrave-journals.com/kmrp/journal/v4/n1/abs/8500082a.html","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2012-11-09","60–69","","1","4","","","Towards conceptual clarity for `tacit knowledge'","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F2EUB237","journalArticle","2014","Rotemberg, Julio J.","Models of Caring, or Acting as if One Cared, About the Welfare of Others","Annual Review of Economics","","","10.1146/annurev-economics-072413-113000","http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-072413-113000","This article surveys the theoretical literature in which people are modeled as taking other people’s payoffs into account either because this affects their utility directly or because they wish to impress others with their social-mindedness. Key experimental results that bear on the relevance of these theories are discussed as well. Five types of models are considered. In the first, an individual’s utility function is increasing in the payoffs of other people. The more standard version of these preferences supposes that only consumption leads to payoffs and has trouble explaining prosocial actions such as voting and charitable contributions by poor individuals. If one lets other variables determine happiness as well, this model can explain a much wider set of observations. The second type of model surveyed involves people trying to demonstrate to others that they have prosocial (or altruistic) preferences. In these models, altruistic acts need not have a direct effect on utility. The third class of models includes those of reciprocity in which people’s altruism depends on whether others act kindly or unkindly toward them. In the fourth type of model, inequality has a profound effect on altruism, with individuals being spiteful toward people whose resources exceed their own. Finally, I discuss the fifth type of model, in which specifications of altruism might have to be modified to take into account how people behave when they are able to transfer lotteries to others.","2014","2015-04-12 17:31:31","2015-04-12 17:31:31","2015-04-12 17:31:31","129-154","","1","6","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Rotemberg_2014_(Models of Caring, or Acting as if One Cared, About the Welfare of Others).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F2KJ4W9C","journalArticle","2015","Lucas, Christopher; Nielsen, Richard A.; Roberts, Margaret E.; Stewart, Brandon M.; Storer, Alex; Tingley, Dustin","Computer-Assisted Text Analysis for Comparative Politics","Political Analysis","","1047-1987, 1476-4989","10.1093/pan/mpu019","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/content/23/2/254","Recent advances in research tools for the systematic analysis of textual data are enabling exciting new research throughout the social sciences. For comparative politics, scholars who are often interested in non-English and possibly multilingual textual datasets, these advances may be difficult to access. This article discusses practical issues that arise in the processing, management, translation, and analysis of textual data with a particular focus on how procedures differ across languages. These procedures are combined in two applied examples of automated text analysis using the recently introduced Structural Topic Model. We also show how the model can be used to analyze data that have been translated into a single language via machine translation tools. All the methods we describe here are implemented in open-source software packages available from the authors.","2015-04-01","2015-06-30 11:03:54","2015-06-30 11:03:54","2015-06-30 11:03:54","254-277","","2","23","","Political Analysis","","","","","","","","en","","","","","pan.oxfordjournals.org","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Lucas et al_2015_(Computer-Assisted Text Analysis for Comparative Politics).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F355RB9Z","book","2002","Huber, John D.; Shipan, Charles R.","Deliberate discretion?: The institutional foundations of bureaucratic autonomy","","","","","https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=kT2EF6Et_SoC&oi=fnd&pg=PR11&dq=Deliberate+Discretion%3F+The+Institutional+Foundations+of+Bureaucratic+Autonomy.&ots=npWRiFBXHj&sig=s6MJoHPkxVdVQmhAG8ToAU1N6os","","2002","2015-03-18 02:47:01","2015-03-18 02:47:09","2015-03-18 02:47:01","","","","","","","Deliberate discretion?","","","","","Cambridge University Press","New York","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F36V6FNW","bookSection","2004","Correljé, Aad F.","Markets for Natural Gas","Encyclopedia of Energy","978-0-12-176480-7","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B012176480X001376","","2004","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2013-09-03","799–808","","","","","","","","","","","Elsevier","New York","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cutler J. Cleveland","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F39H2GHH","journalArticle","2003","Roe, Mark","Political Determinants of Corporate Governance: Political Context, Corporate Impact","Harvard Law School John M. Olin Center for Law, Economics and Business Discussion Paper Series","","","","http://lsr.nellco.org/harvard_olin/451","","2003-12-29","2014-09-19 16:17:43","2014-09-19 16:17:43","","","","","","","","Political Determinants of Corporate Governance","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2003/Roe_2003_(Political Determinants of Corporate Governance).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F3AZEDNB","journalArticle","2002","Hopf, T.","Making the Future Inevitable: Legitimizing, Naturalizing and Stabilizing. The Transition in Estonia, Ukraine and Uzbekistan","European Journal of International Relations","","","","","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","","403–436","","3","8","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F3EH5C6A","journalArticle","2011","Cottle, S.","Media and the Arab uprisings of 2011: Research Note_null_nulls","Journalism","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-09-04 18:31:47","","647–659","","5","12","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F4ERNR5K","book","2006","Rubin, Donald B.","Matched sampling for causal effects","","0521857627","","","","","2006","2014-11-28 12:53:47","2014-11-28 12:53:56","","","489","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HA31.2 .R82 2006","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F4IW49JP","journalArticle","2001","Giza, Christopher C.; Hovda, David A.","The neurometabolic cascade of concussion","Journal of Athletic Training","","","","http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc155411/","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2013-04-02","228","","3","36","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F4K646GZ","book","2006","","Interpretation and Method: Empirical Research Methods and the Interpretive Turn","","0765614626","","","","","2006","2012-05-02 13:51:51","2014-09-04 20:27:34","","","440","","","","","Interpretation and Method","","","","","M.E. Sharpe","Armonk, N.Y","","","","","","","JA71 .I575 2006","","","","","Methodology; Political science; Political science – Methodology.; Political science – Research\textbarxMethodology.; Research Methodology","Political science; Political science -- Methodology.; Political science -- Research|xMethodology.; Research Methodology","Yanow, Dvora; Schwartz-Shea, Peregrine","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F54VUECD","journalArticle","2014","Fryer, Roland G.","Injecting Charter School Best Practices into Traditional Public Schools: Evidence from Field Experiments","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","0033-5533, 1531-4650","10.1093/qje/qju011","http://qje.oxfordjournals.org/content/129/3/1355","This study examines the impact on student achievement of implementing a bundle of best practices from high-performing charter schools into low-performing, traditional public schools in Houston, Texas, using a school-level randomized field experiment and quasi-experimental comparisons. The five practices in the bundle are increased instructional time, more effective teachers and administrators, high-dosage tutoring, data-driven instruction, and a culture of high expectations. The findings show that injecting best practices from charter schools into traditional Houston public schools significantly increases student math achievement in treated elementary and secondary schools—by 0.15 to 0.18 standard deviations a year—and has little effect on reading achievement. Similar bundles of practices are found to significantly raise math achievement in analyses for public schools in a field experiment in Denver and program in Chicago. JEL Codes: I21, I24, I28, J24.","2014-08-01","2014-09-19 15:45:25","2014-09-19 15:45:25","2014-09-19 15:45:25","1355-1407","","3","129","","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","Injecting Charter School Best Practices into Traditional Public Schools","","","","","","","en","","","","","qje.oxfordjournals.org","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Fryer_2014_(Injecting Charter School Best Practices into Traditional Public Schools).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F5JBVK6U","journalArticle","2003","Bowler, Shaun; Donovan, Todd; Hanneman, Robert","Art for Democracy's Sake? Group Membership and Political Engagement in Europe","The Journal of Politics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3449924","Theorists contend that private social groups-particularly those that have no overt political missions such as bowling leagues, sports clubs, and choral societies-make major contributions to democracy by generating engagement with democracy in the form of political interest and participation. Although this discussion is generally at an aggregate level, it is based on seldom-tested assumptions about individual-level phenomena. This study expands our understanding of how (and where) memberships in various groups are associated with political engagement of individual citizens. We test if the effects of group membership vary across eleven European democracies and test which types of groups have the strongest association with political engagement. We find that major social groups differ in their relationship with engagement, and we also find that formal political arrangements for group accommodation may condition the effects of some memberships on engagement.","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2013-03-20","1111–1129","","4","65","","","Art for Democracy's Sake?","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2003 Southern Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F5PWS9AU","journalArticle","1998","Ostrom, Elinor","A Behavioral Approach to the Rational Choice Theory of Collective Action: Presidential Address, APSA, 1997","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2585925","Extensive empirical evidence and theoretical developments in multiple disciplines stimulate a need to expand the range of rational choice models to be used as a foundation for the study of social dilemmas and collective action. After an introduction to the problem of overcoming social dilemmas through collective action, the remainder of this article is divided into six sections. The first briefly reviews the theoretical predictions of currently accepted rational choice theory related to social dilemmas. The second section summarizes the challenges to the sole reliance on a complete model of rationality presented by extensive experimental research. In the third section, I discuss two major empirical findings that begin to show how individuals achieve results that are ""better than rational"" by building conditions where reciprocity, reputation, and trust can help to overcome the strong temptations of short-run self-interest. The fourth section raises the possibility of developing second-generation models of rationality, the fifth section develops an initial theoretical scenario, and the final section concludes by examining the implications of placing reciprocity, reputation, and trust at the core of an empirically tested, behavioral theory of collective action.","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2012-05-09","1–22","","1","92","","","A Behavioral Approach to the Rational Choice Theory of Collective Action","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F5X7J5WE","book","1991","Connolly, William E.","Identity\textbackslashDifference: Democratic Negotiations of Political Paradox","","","","","","","1991","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F5ZEVMQ9","journalArticle","2012","Nesbitt-Larking, Paul; Kinnvall, Catarina","The Discursive Frames of Political Psychology","Political Psychology","","","","","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","","no","","xx","xx","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F62JQAWE","book","1996","Machiavelli, Niccolo; Mansfield, Harvey C.; Tarcov, Nathan","Discourses on Livy","","","","","","","1996","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:24:54","","","","","","","","","","","","","University of Chicago Press","Chicago","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F693867V","journalArticle","2002","Lezaun, Javier","Constructivism and Social : Social Knowledge","International Studies Review","","","","","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-09-04 18:31:47","","229–234","","3","4","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F69AEAE2","journalArticle","2012","McLean, Elena V.","Donors’ Preferences and Agent Choice: Delegation of European Development Aid","International Studies Quarterly","","1468-2478","10.1111/j.1468-2478.2012.00727.x","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2012.00727.x/abstract","McLean, Elena V. (2012) Donors’ Preferences and Agent Choice: Delegation of European Development Aid. International Studies Quarterly, doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2478.2012.00727.x © 2012 International Studies Association While delegation to international organizations has received substantial attention in the international relations literature, the issues of institutional choice and delegation levels remain understudied. Existing research examines donor countries’ decision to distribute aid bilaterally or turn to a multilateral organization; this article shifts the focus toward a closely related, but often overlooked, decision that donors need to make—that is, they select an agent from a range of international organizations and determine the level of delegation to a given agent. I argue that in their delegation decisions, donors are guided not only by standard calculations of delegation costs and benefits, but also by policies that international development agencies adopt and implement. These policies are shaped by member governments’ preferences, and a donor country will delegate more to the organizations whose members have foreign policy preferences more in line with the donor country’s own preferences, ceteris paribus. The article presents a set of empirical tests that lend support to this argument. Cross-country data on European development aid given during the period 1960–2000 are used in the analyses.","2012-06-01","2015-04-08 02:55:28","2015-04-09 18:53:50","2015-04-08 02:55:28","381-395","","2","56","","","Donors’ Preferences and Agent Choice","","","","","","","en","© 2012 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F6JQC6IV","journalArticle","2006","Thompson, Alexander","Coercion through IOs: The Security Council and the logic of information transmission","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0020818306060012","","2006","2015-02-17 20:45:39","2015-02-17 20:45:44","2015-02-17 20:45:39","1–34","","1","60","","","Coercion through IOs","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2006/Thompson_2006_(Coercion through IOs).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F6QZIUNV","book","1985","Alnasrawi, Abbas","OPEC in a changing world economy","","0801832160","","","","","1985","2014-11-29 03:48:37","2014-11-29 03:48:37","","","188","","","","","","","","","","Johns Hopkins University Press","Baltimore","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD9560.5 .A5153 1985","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F75I2PPM","journalArticle","2009","Farrell, Henry; Finnemore, Martha","Ontology, methodology, and causation in the American school of international political economy","Review of International Political Economy","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09692290802524075","ABSTRACT This paper explores disjunctures between ontology and methodology in the American school to better understand both the limits of this approach and ways we can counter its blind spots. Tierney and Maliniak's TRIP data point to a strong elective affinity between, on the one hand, rationalist/liberal ontological assumptions and quantitative methodologies, and on the other, constructivist assumptions and qualitative methodologies. This affinity is neither natural nor obvious, as is discussed. It also raises deeper issues for the field about the nature of causation. As a variety of philosophers of science have insisted, we need to do much better in thinking about the relationship between our underlying notions of causation and the methodological tools that we employ. By so doing, we will not only be able to better build social-scientific knowledge, but also better help bridge the empirical-normative gap that Cohen identifies. More broadly, the paper suggests that by combining a more thoughtful approach to causation with a broadly pragmatist approach to the philosophy of science we can both remedy some of the defects of the American school of international political economy, and provide some pointers to the British school, too.","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","","58–71","","1","16","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F7AMWNAG","journalArticle","1995","Licklider, Roy","The Consequences of Negotiated Settlements in Civil Wars, 1945-1993","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2082982","We know very little about how civil wars end. Harrison Wagner has argued that negotiated settlements of civil wars are likely to break down because segments of power-sharing governments retain the capacity for resorting to civil war while victory destroys the losers' organization, making it very difficult to resume the war. An analysis of a data set of 91 post-1945 civil wars generally supports this hypothesis but only in wars over identity issues. Moreover, while military victories may be less likely to break down than negotiated settlements of identity civil wars, they are also more likely to be followed by acts of genocide. Outsiders concerned with minimizing violence thus face a dilemma.","1995","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2012-11-14","681–690","","3","89","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1995 American Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F7W33U5S","journalArticle","2006","Therien, Jean-Philippe -. P.; Pouliot, Vincent","The Global Compact: Shifting the Politics of International Development?","Global Governance","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-09-04 18:31:35","","55–76","","","12","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","delete; rename","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F7WXWV3R","journalArticle","2010","Dekel, Eddie; Lipman, Barton L.","How (Not) to Do Decision Theory","Annual Review of Economics","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.economics.102308.124328","We discuss the goals and means of positive decision theory and the implications for how to do decision theory. We argue that the goal of positive economic theory generally is to provide predictions and understanding and that representation theorems and other results of decision theory should be seen as ways to achieve these goals. We also argue that the interpretation of a model is relevant to whether and how we use the model, that psychological considerations are not necessary for useful decision theory but can be helpful, and that nonchoice data, interpreted properly, can be valuable in predicting choice and therefore should not be ignored.","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2012-09-06","257–282","","1","2","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","axioms; choice theory; representations","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F7ZAMG34","bookSection","2010","Brady, Henry E.; Collier, D.; Seawright, J.","Sources of Leverage in Causal Inference: Toward an Alternative View of Methodology","Rethinking Social Inquiry : diverse tools, shared standards","","","","https://rowman.com/ISBN/9781442203440","","2010","2013-03-04 17:29:18","2014-11-28 23:15:44","","229-266","","","","","","","","","","","Rowman & Littlefield Publishers","Lanham","","","","","","search.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Qual; Social sciences – Methodology.; Social sciences – Research.","Social sciences -- Methodology.; Social sciences -- Research.","Collier, David; Brady, Henry E.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","2nd","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F826IHB6","book","2014","Musacchio, Aldo; Lazzarini, Sérgio G.","Reinventing state capitalism Leviathan in business, Brazil and beyond","","9780674729681","","","http://proxy.library.georgetown.edu/login?url=http://www.degruyter.com/isbn/9780674419582","","2014","2014-11-14 01:25:38","2014-11-14 01:25:57","2014-11-14 01:25:38","","","","","","","","","","","","Harvard University Press","Cambridge, Mass","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD3850 .M86 2014","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F859RGIC","journalArticle","2014","Schrodt, Philip A.","Seven deadly sins of contemporary quantitative political analysis","Journal of Peace Research","","0022-3433, 1460-3578","10.1177/0022343313499597","http://jpr.sagepub.com/content/51/2/287","A combination of technological change, methodological drift and a certain degree of intellectual sloth, particularly with respect to philosophy of science, has allowed contemporary quantitative political analysis to accumulate a series of dysfunctional habits that have rendered much of contemporary research more or less meaningless. I identify these ‘seven deadly sins’ as: Garbage can models that ignore the effects of collinearity; Pre-scientific explanation in the absence of prediction; Excessive reanalysis of a small number of datasets; Using complex methods without understanding the underlying assumptions; Interpreting frequentist statistics as if they were Bayesian; A linear statistical monoculture that fails to consider alternative structures; Confusing statistical controls and experimental controls. The answer to these problems is not to abandon quantitative approaches, but rather engage in solid, thoughtful, original work driven by an appreciation of both theory and data. The article closes with suggestions for changes in current practice that might serve to ameliorate some of these problems.","2014-03-01","2014-04-17 18:49:17","2014-04-17 18:49:17","2014-04-17 18:49:17","287-300","","2","51","","Journal of Peace Research","","","","","","","","en","","","","","jpr.sagepub.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F8THDE64","report","2014","Gelman, Andrew; Imbens, Guido","Why High-order Polynomials Should not be Used in Regression Discontinuity Designs","","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w20405.pdf","","2014","2014-10-20 01:38:56","2014-10-20 01:38:56","2014-10-20 01:38:56","","","","","","","","","","","","National Bureau of Economic Research","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/6XEK3CK8/regression_discontinuity_14aug02.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F92X63NS","journalArticle","1998","Bhala, R.","The Myth about Stare Decisis and International Trade Law (Part One of a Trilogy)","American University International Law Review","","","","http://heinonlinebackup.com/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/amuilr14§ion=44","","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2012-12-01","845","","4","14","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F9PC9FX4","journalArticle","2010","Dunning, Thad","Endogenous Oil Rents","Comparative Political Studies","","0010-4140","10.1177/0010414009352649","","Oil rents may at times fall like ""manna from heaven"" into the fiscal coffers of the state. Yet politicians also make decisions that can increase or decrease the extent to which oil rents accrue to the central government. Though counterintuitive, various evidence suggests that politicians sometimes do not seek to maximize the state's claim on rents. In this article, the author substantiates this observation with evidence from Venezuela and then develops a formal model of the relationship between electoral competition and rent choice. The author argues that the model can explain why politicians allowed the central government's share of rents to decline in Venezuela beginning in the 1990s, even though a decline in rents plausibly contributed to the destabilization of Venezuelan democracy. The argument illuminates patterns of rent capture in other cases, whereas the model may be useful in many settings in which the gains from economic investment are realized over several electoral terms.","2010-03","2013-10-09 21:32:04","2013-10-09 21:32:04","","379-410","","3","43","","Comp. Polit. Stud.","","","","","","","","English","","","","","ISI Web of Knowledge","","WOS:000274123900005","","","","Energy","electoral competition; pdvsa; petroleum; rents; resource curse; strategies; Venezuela","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F9PMWDWN","book","1998","Prizel, Ilya","National identity and foreign policy : nationalism and leadership in Poland, Russia and Ukraine","","052157157X","","","","","1998","2012-05-08 20:18:55","2014-09-04 20:25:50","","","","","","","","National identity and foreign policy","","","","","Cambridge University Press","New York","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Eastern – Foreign relations.; Eastern – Politics and government.; Eastern\textbarxHistory.; Europe; Nationalism – Europe","Europe, Eastern -- Foreign relations.; Europe, Eastern -- Politics and government.; Nationalism -- Europe, Eastern|xHistory.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F9PZ3RIG","journalArticle","2014","Braumoeller, Bear F.","Information and Uncertainty: Inference in Qualitative Case Studies","International Studies Quarterly","","1468-2478","10.1111/isqu.12169","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/isqu.12169/abstract","Drozdova and Gaubatz (2014) represent a welcome addition to the growing literature on quantitative methods designed to complement qualitative case studies. Partly due to its crossover nature, however, the article balances delicately—and ultimately untenably—between within-sample and out-of-sample inference. Moreover, isomorphisms with existing techniques, while validating the methodology, simultaneously raise questions regarding its comparative advantage.","2014-12-01","2015-06-30 15:57:12","2015-06-30 15:57:12","2015-06-30 15:57:12","873-875","","4","58","","Int Stud Q","Information and Uncertainty","","","","","","","en","© 2014 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Braumoeller_2014_(Information and Uncertainty).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "F9V4I2GB","journalArticle","2006","Kono, D. Y.","Optimal obfuscation: Democracy and trade policy transparency","American Political Science Review","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/production/action/cjoGetFulltext?fulltextid=464867","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2012-11-17","369","","3","100","","","Optimal obfuscation","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FA5JRAJ7","journalArticle","2007","Bradley, D. H.; Stephens, J. D.","Employment performance in OECD countries","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/40/12/1486.short","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2012-08-09","1486–1510","","12","40","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FA6VH9JK","journalArticle","2003","Garrett, G.; Mitchell, D.","Globalization, government spending and taxation in the OECD","European Journal of Political Research","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1475-6765.00573/abstract","","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2013-02-04","145–177","","2","39","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FAKCZTXQ","journalArticle","2010","Fattouh, Bassam; Darbouche, Hakim","North African oil and foreign investment in changing market conditions","Energy Policy","","0301-4215","10.1016/j.enpol.2009.10.064","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421509008246","Since the 1960s, the experiences of the North African oil producers of Libya, Algeria, Egypt and Sudan within the oil industry have followed separate paths, which have led them into different relations with foreign oil companies. While reflecting broader trends of “resource nationalism”, these relations have also been affected by a number of factors specific to these countries. In tracing the evolution of the oil investment frameworks of these countries, as well as their concomitant relations with IOCs, this paper probes the roles played by these factors and argues that the type and size of remaining reserves as well as the capability of NOCs are likely to determine the most future developments in the region's oil industry.","2010-02","2014-10-02 13:02:36","2014-10-02 13:02:36","2014-10-02 13:02:36","1119-1129","","2","38","","Energy Policy","","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Fattouh_Darbouche_2010_(North African oil and foreign investment in changing market conditions).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FAXZFQJF","book","2014","Pandya, Sonal S.","Trading Spaces: Foreign Direct Investment Regulation, 1970-2000","","9781107040342","","","","This book is the first comprehensive study of foreign direct investment (FDI) liberalization. Political economy FDI research has long focused on how host-country politics influence the supply of FDI, or how firms choose to invest. By contrast, this book focuses on the politics of FDI demand: the sources of citizens' preferences for FDI inflows and countries' foreign ownership restrictions. Professor Sonal S. Pandya's theory of FDI regulation identifies how FDI redistributes income within host countries, raises local wages, and creates competition for local firms. Policy makers regulate FDI inflows to facilitate local firms' access to these highly productive assets and the income they generate. Empirical tests also emphasize the central role of multinational cooperations' productive assets in shaping the politics of FDI. These tests feature an original dataset of annual country-industry foreign ownership regulations that spans more than one hundred countries during the period 1970-2000, the first dataset of FDI regulation of this detail and scope. This book highlights the economic and political foundations of global economic integration and supplies the tools to understand the growing economic conflicts between advanced economics and large emerging markets such as China and India.","2014","2014-11-04 22:01:06","2014-11-04 22:01:38","","","189","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","New York","en","","","","","Google Books","","","","","http://books.google.com/books?id=ItsaAgAAQBAJ","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FB9DTNZV","journalArticle","1996","Downs, George W.; Rocke, David M.; Barsoom, Peter N.","Is the Good News about Compliance Good News about Cooperation?","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2704030","Recent research on compliance in international regulatory regimes has argued (1) that compliance is generally quite good; (2) that this high level of compliance has been achieved with little attention to enforcement; (3) that those compliance problems that do exist are best addressed as management rather than enforcement problems; and (4) that the management rather than the enforcement approach holds the key to the evolution of future regulatory cooperation in the international system. While the descriptive findings above are largely correct, the policy inferences are dangerously contaminated by endogeneity and selection problems. A high rate of compliance is often the result of states formulating treaties that require them to do little more than they would do in the absence of a treaty. In those cases where noncompliance does occur and where the effects of selection are attenuated, both self-interest and enforcement play significant roles.","1996","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2012-05-05","379–406","","3","50","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FBAPVIP8","book","1971","Vernon, Raymond","Sovereignty at bay","","","","","http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=US201300482810","","1971","2014-11-04 23:41:23","2014-11-04 23:41:40","2014-11-04 23:41:23","","","","","","","","","","","","Basic Books","New York","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FBD8IQX4","journalArticle","2013","Lowe, Will; Benoit, Kenneth","Validating Estimates of Latent Traits from Textual Data Using Human Judgment as a Benchmark","Political Analysis","","","","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/content/21/3/298","Automated and statistical methods for estimating latent political traits and classes from textual data hold great promise, because virtually every political act involves the production of text. Statistical models of natural language features, however, are heavily laden with unrealistic assumptions about the process that generates these data, including the stochastic process of text generation, the functional link between political variables and observed text, and the nature of the variables (and dimensions) on which observed text should be conditioned. While acknowledging statistical models of latent traits to be “wrong,” political scientists nonetheless treat their results as sufficiently valid to be useful. In this article, we address the issue of substantive validity in the face of potential model failure, in the context of unsupervised scaling methods of latent traits. We critically examine one popular parametric measurement model of latent traits for text and then compare its results to systematic human judgments of the texts as a benchmark for validity.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2013-07-08","298–313","","3","21","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FBJPMKFB","report","2010","Mas'ud, Abdulsalam","Critical Examination of Qualitative and Quantitative Considerations for Selecting Successful NOC as a Role Model When Restructuring Underperforming NOCs","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1912207","The study presents theoretical and empirical examinations on importance of “National Context” when the restructuring of an underperforming National Oil Company (NOC) is modelled on another country’s NOC that is perceived to have a good governance practice.The major objective of the study relates to a discussion on how the understanding of qualitative and quantitative issues of national context can aid in optimal selection of a governance model.Some main issues of national context examined in the analysis are: level of domestic reserve, production and consumption capacity, level of NOC dominance of the economy, intergenerational equity in resource extraction, population, political and social pressures on NOC, public trust in the State institutions, level of technological development and mineral right laws.The theoretical and empirical evidences for consideration are obtained from secondary sources. However, further analysis and interpretation were made by this study which confirmed that the issue of national context is of strategic importance when the restructuring of NOC is modelled on another country’s NOC. Accordingly, NOCs are national institutions which are affected by the issue of national context. Therefore, any government policy relating to its governance should be one that will serve the overall economy, not a specific interest.The study will serve as a snap guide to policy makers and NOC officials in new oil frontiers especially African and Caspian countries, should the restructuring of their NOCs be modelled on other countries’ NOCs.","2010-09-31","2015-06-14 21:01:19","2015-06-14 21:01:19","2015-06-14 21:01:19","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 1912207","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FBPRF599","journalArticle","2012","Basher, Syed Abul; Haug, Alfred A.; Sadorsky, Perry","Oil prices, exchange rates and emerging stock markets","Energy Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988311002337","While two different streams of literature exist investigating 1) the relationship between oil prices and emerging market stock prices and 2) the relationship between oil prices and exchange rates, relatively little is known about the dynamic relationship between oil prices, exchange rates and emerging market stock prices. This paper proposes and estimates a structural vector autoregression model to investigate the dynamic relationship between these variables. Impulse responses are calculated in two ways (standard and the recently developed projection based methods). The model supports stylized facts. In particular, positive shocks to oil prices tend to depress emerging market stock prices and US dollar exchange rates in the short run. The model also captures stylized facts regarding movements in oil prices. A positive oil production shock lowers oil prices while a positive shock to real economic activity increases oil prices. There is also evidence that increases in emerging market stock prices increase oil prices.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2013-09-03","227–240","","1","34","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Basher et al_2012_(Oil prices, exchange rates and emerging stock markets).pdf","","Emerging market stock prices; exchange rates; Oil prices; SVAR","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FC58J5H4","journalArticle","2015","Chandra, Siddharth; Rudra, Nita","Reassessing the Links between Regime Type and Economic Performance: Why Some Authoritarian Regimes Show Stable Growth and Others Do Not","British Journal of Political Science","","1469-2112","10.1017/S0007123413000355","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0007123413000355","This analysis challenges claims that regime type determines national economic performance, and hypothesizes that the level of public deliberation, rather than broad categories of regime type, is the driver of national economic performance across political systems; specifically, that negotiations, disagreements, and compromises between decentralized decision-making partisans (e.g., citizens, business representatives, professional associations, labor, and public administrators) are the underlying causal mechanism explaining the non-monotonic relationship between different types of political system and economic performance. Countries with high levels of public deliberation more often experience stable growth outcomes, while other countries can make radical changes in economic policy with uncertain outcome. The variation in public deliberation within regime type is significant, especially amongst authoritarian regimes. One startling implication is that, in certain situations, impressive gains in economic growth can be achieved only at the expense of active negotiation and participation in the policy-making process.","2015-04","2015-06-30 11:40:51","2015-06-30 11:40:51","2015-06-30 11:40:51","253–285","","02","45","","","Reassessing the Links between Regime Type and Economic Performance","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Chandra_Rudra_2015_(Reassessing the Links between Regime Type and Economic Performance).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FCDJJII3","journalArticle","2014","Wiens, David; Poast, Paul; Clark, William Roberts","The political resource curse: an empirical re-evaluation","Political Research Quarterly","","","","http://prq.sagepub.com/content/early/2014/07/25/1065912914543836.abstract","","2014","2015-07-16 09:20:52","2015-07-16 09:20:52","2015-07-16 09:20:52","1065912914543836","","","","","","The political resource curse","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Wiens et al_2014_(The political resource curse).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FCH5DSPG","journalArticle","2011","Hopkins, D. J.","The Limited Local Impacts of Ethnic and Racial Diversity","American Politics Research","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2014-09-04 18:31:52","","344–379","","2","39","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FCMM5TMH","journalArticle","2009","Murphy, Craig N.","Do the Left-Out Matter?","New Political Economy","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13563460903087508","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","","357–365","","3","14","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FD3869NT","book","1962","Barnett, A. Doak","Communist China in perspective","","","","","","","1962","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","","","","","","","","","","","","","Praeger","New York","","","","","","","","LCCN: DS777.55 .B33","","","","1949-1976; China; Politics and government","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FDD8N4TS","journalArticle","2004","Jackson, Patrick Thaddeus; Nexon, Daniel H.; Sterling-folker, Jennifer; Bially, Janice; Lebow, Richard Ned; Barkin, J. Samuel","Bridging the Gap : Toward A Realist-Constructivist Dialogue","International Studies Review","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2014-09-04 18:31:59","","337–352","","2","6","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FEI9WNKP","journalArticle","2009","Kjarstad, J.; Johnsson, F.","Resources and future supply of oil","Energy Policy","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","","441–464","","2","37","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FEKZPGXW","book","1997","Milner, Helen V.","Interests, institutions, and information: domestic politics and international relations","","069101177X","","","","","1997","2012-11-08 05:13:52","2014-09-04 20:25:15","","","309","","","","","Interests, institutions, and information","","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton, N.J","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JX1391 .M524 1997","","","","","1989-; Information policy; International relations; Nation-state; Trade; World politics; WTO","1989-; Information policy; Nation-state; World politics","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FEQAM4BU","journalArticle","2010","Hainmueller, Jens; Hiscox, Michael J.","Attitudes toward highly skilled and low-skilled immigration: Evidence from a survey experiment","American Political Science Review","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0003055409990372","","2010","2014-12-02 17:15:29","2014-12-02 17:15:38","2014-12-02 17:15:29","61–84","","1","104","","","Attitudes toward highly skilled and low-skilled immigration","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Hainmueller_Hiscox_2010_(Attitudes toward highly skilled and low-skilled immigration).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FEXBI5QC","journalArticle","2015","Hughes, Llewelyn; Long, Austin","Is There an Oil Weapon?: Security Implications of Changes in the Structure of the International Oil Market","International Security","","0162-2889","10.1162/ISEC_a_00188","http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ISEC_a_00188","What is the relationship between oil and coercion? For decades states have worried that their dependence on oil gives producers a potential lever of coercion. The size, integration, and sophistication of the current oil market, however, are thought to have greatly attenuated, if not eliminated, the coercive potential of oil. The best way to analyze the current global oil market is by viewing it as a series of distinct market segments, from upstream production to midstream transport to downstream refining, with the potential for coercion varying across them. Oil-producing states do not have the greatest coercive potential in the international oil market. Instead, the United States remains the dominant presence, though its dominance has shifted from production—where it resided prior to World War II—to the maritime environment. These findings are significant for scholars’ and policymakers’ understanding of the relationship between oil and coercion. More generally, they suggest that studies of the potential for states to coerce others using economic instruments should take into account differences in the structure of markets for different goods.","2015-01-01","2015-02-23 19:05:42","2015-02-23 19:05:42","2015-02-23 19:05:42","152-189","","3","39","","International Security","Is There an Oil Weapon?","","","","","","","","","","","","MIT Press Journals","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FF2IQTZ9","book","1995","McLellan, David","Ideology","","0816628025","","","","","1995","2012-11-01 12:03:34","2014-09-04 20:25:06","","","111","","","","","","Concepts in social thought","","","","University of Minnesota Press","Minneapolis","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JA83 .M35 1995","","","","","History; Ideology","Ideology","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","2nd ed","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FF48IBBE","book","1985","Williamson, Oliver E.","The economic intstitutions of capitalism","","","","","http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=MUPVLuiy9uQC&oi=fnd&pg=PR11&dq=Williamson+OE.+1985.+The+Economic+Institutions+of+Capitalism.&ots=Q94wiu0CXw&sig=z1483v6kxAbO3yQckchT8tYZjkQ","","1985","2014-10-31 00:29:14","2014-10-31 00:29:44","2014-10-31 00:29:14","","","","","","","","","","","","Simon and Schuster","New York","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1985/Williamson_1985_(The economic intstitutions of capitalism).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FF6PK2VF","journalArticle","2013","Baccini, Leonardo; Lenzi, Veronica; Thurner, Paul W.","Global Energy Governance: Trade, Infrastructure, and the Diffusion of International Organizations","International Interactions","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03050629.2013.768512","","2013","2015-02-02 02:11:33","2015-02-02 02:11:33","2015-02-02 02:11:33","192–216","","2","39","","","Global Energy Governance","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Baccini et al_2013_(Global Energy Governance).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FG4EW6W2","journalArticle","2000","Clark, W. R.; Duchesne, E.; Meunier, S.","Domestic and international asymmetries in United States-European Union trade negotiations","International Negotiation","","","","http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/mnp/iner/2000/00000005/00000001/00266499","","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2013-01-31","69–95","","1","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FGCTFTX5","journalArticle","2012","Crall, Dennis A.; Martin, Thomas M.","Cool Hand Nuke: Lessons From the Quiet Diplomacy of the Cienfuegos Non-Crisis","Foreign Policy Analysis","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1743-8594.2012.00184.x/abstract","How does presidential framing and signaling of problems affect the potential solutions available to solve those problems? For example, the Cuban Missile Crisis was immediately labeled a crisis and limited alternative solutions. Conversely, the Cienfuegos submarine base dilemma of 1970—despite having graver potential consequences—was never framed as a crisis, was out of the public eye, and was equally successful at repealing a Soviet threat. We offer a Force Dilemma model that suggests the president's problem definition process should produce crisis classifications sparingly, considering and employing less confrontational instruments of power, without prematurely sending unnecessary signals to adversaries, contemporaries, and the public.","2012","2014-09-04 18:32:03","2014-11-22 22:21:43","2012-08-09","","","","","","","Cool Hand Nuke","","","","","","","en","\copyright 2012 International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FGKJCWGN","journalArticle","2004","Blaydes, Lisa","Rewarding impatience: A bargaining and enforcement model of OPEC","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0020818304582012","","2004","2013-10-10 12:53:03","2013-10-10 12:53:03","2013-10-10 12:53:03","213–237","","02","58","","","Rewarding impatience","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FGRH73PE","journalArticle","2008","Steinfield, C.; Ellison, N. B.; Lampe, C.","Social capital, self-esteem, and use of online social network sites: A longitudinal analysis","Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","","434–445","","6","29","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FHDTSQBR","document","2014","Johnson, Tana","International Bureaucrats Leverage","","","","","","","2014","2014-10-27 17:27:57","2014-10-27 17:28:47","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Johnson_2014_(International Bureaucrats Leverage).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FI62H4R4","journalArticle","2014","Elmawazini, Khaled","FDI Spillovers, Efficiency Change and Host Country Labor Productivity: Evidence from GCC Countries","Atlantic Economic Journal","","0197-4254, 1573-9678","10.1007/s11293-014-9428-0","http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11293-014-9428-0","","2014-08-08","2015-09-16 20:00:36","2015-09-16 20:00:36","2015-09-16 20:00:36","399-411","","4","42","","Atl Econ J","FDI Spillovers, Efficiency Change and Host Country Labor Productivity","","","","","","","en","","","","","link.springer.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Elmawazini_2014_(FDI Spillovers, Efficiency Change and Host Country Labor Productivity).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FICH8BZF","journalArticle","2012","Bernard, Andrew B.; Jensen, J. Bradford; Redding, Stephen J.; Schott, Peter K.","The Empirics of Firm Heterogeneity and International Trade","Annual Review of Economics","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-economics-080511-110928","This article reviews the empirical evidence on firm heterogeneity in international trade. A first wave of empirical findings from microdata on plants and firms proposed challenges for existing models of international trade and inspired the development of new theories emphasizing firm heterogeneity. Subsequent empirical research has examined additional predictions of these theories and explored other dimensions of the data not originally captured by them. These other dimensions include multiproduct firms, offshoring, intrafirm trade and firm export market dynamics.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2012-09-06","283–313","","1","4","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","exporting; heterogeneous firms; importing; productivity","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FIQVPAC8","journalArticle","2008","Jordan, F.","Predicting target selection by terrorists: a network analysis of the 2005 London underground attacks","International Journal of Critical Infrastructures","","","","http://inderscience.metapress.com/index/V3XHU50708218531.pdf","","2008","2012-09-18 17:46:53","2014-09-04 20:24:21","2012-09-18 17:46:53","206–214","","1","4","","","Predicting target selection by terrorists","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FJ8BS2BP","journalArticle","2008","Lin, Kun-Chin","Disembedding Socialist Firms as a Statist Project: Restructuring the Chinese Oil Industry, 1997-2002","Enterprise & Societry","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=911729","Crucial to the success of China's transition to the market economy is the central government's capacity for institutional innovation. Since 1997, Chinese politicians have sought to transform the governance of state-owned industries from decentralized administrator control to centralized corporate shareholder control. This essay examines the ideological, political, and institutional components of the central state's strategy of disembeddedness that aimed to disrupt preexisting social norms and exchange relations of the planned economy. However, this authoritarian approach to organizational change has generated sociopolitical contentions and unintended economic outcomes that point to alternative conceptions of authority and exchange relations at industrial and firm levels. Focusing on the recent restructuring of the oil and petrochemical sectors into national oil corporations, I provide evidence of how certain types of informal social dynamics have shaped and constrained the implementation of asset control strategies and industrial policies favored by the state, with direct implications for the proper functioning of new market institutions.","2008-02-29","2015-04-29 08:34:55","2015-04-29 08:35:58","2015-04-29 08:34:55","59-97","","1","7","","","Disembedding Socialist Firms as a Statist Project","","","","","","","","","","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Lin_2008_(Disembedding Socialist Firms as a Statist Project).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FJDNMS4H","book","1994","Nowell, Gregory P.","Mercantile states and the world oil cartel, 1900-1939","","0801428785","","","","","1994","2013-10-10 12:27:32","2013-10-10 12:27:32","","","326","","","","","","Cornell studies in political economy","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca, N.Y","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD9560.5 .N67 1994","","","","","Energy","Cartels; France; Petroleum industry and trade","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FJHN9XBM","journalArticle","2011","Cederman, L. E.; Warren, T. C.; Sornette, D.","Testing Clausewitz: Nationalism, Mass Mobilization, and the Severity of War","International Organization","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2014-09-04 18:31:48","","605–638","","04","65","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FJT8TQT6","journalArticle","2004","He, Zi-Lin; Wong, Poh-Kam","Exploration vs. exploitation: An empirical test of the ambidexterity hypothesis","Organization Science","","","","http://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/abs/10.1287/orsc.1040.0078","","2004","2014-11-22 21:04:33","2014-11-22 21:05:58","2014-11-22 21:04:33","481–494","","4","15","","","Exploration vs. exploitation","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FJTJ5EGN","journalArticle","2006","Stern, Jonathan","Natural Gas Security Problems in Europe: the Russian-Ukrainian Crisis of 2006","Asia-Pacific Review","","","10.1080/13439000600697522","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-12-31 16:30:34","","32–59","","1","13","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FJWGITNJ","book","1987","Ragin, Charles C.","The comparative method: moving beyond qualitative and quantitative strategies","","0520058348","","","","","1987","2012-08-30 18:17:38","2014-09-04 20:25:55","","","185","","","","","The comparative method","","","","","University of California Press","Berkeley","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","H61 .R216 1987","","","","","Comparative method; social sciences","Comparative method","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FKAFSRBA","journalArticle","2006","Tarar, Ahmer","Diversionary Incentives and the Bargaining Approach to War","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3693556","I use a game theoretic model of diversionary war incentives to help explain the lack of a consistent empirical relationship between domestic conditions and the use of force abroad. I argue that when diversionary behavior is about demonstrating competence rather than creating a short-term ""rally round the flag"" effect, a leader has incentives to use force against a challenging target, and this may dissuade many would-be diversionary uses of force. I then combine the diversionary model with the bargaining approach to war and show that when war is costly and bargaining is allowed, the diversionary leader can be peacefully appeased short of war as long as the benefit of holding office is not too large compared with the cost of war and other factors. However, when the office holding benefit is sufficiently large, the diversionary incentive emerges as a new domestic politics based ""rationalist explanation for war.""","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2013-04-22","169–188","","1","50","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2006 The International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FKN662IK","journalArticle","1993","Randall, Stephen J.","Oil Industry Development and Trade Liberalization in the Western Hemisphere","The Energy Journal","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/41322513","This paper provides an overview of oil industry developments in the Western Hemisphere with particular emphasis on Latin America since the inauguration of the Enterprise for the Americas Initiative by George Bush, I discuss these developments in the context of the Canada-U. S. Free Trade Agreement (concluded in 1989), and the negotiation in 1992 of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). This paper is concerned essentially with the oil industry and does not discuss the importance of natural gas for Canadian producers nor the fact that much of Latin American oil production (notably in Mexico) is associated with natural gas. I examine the shift to trade and investment liberalization and privatization in the 1980s and early 1990s, especially in Latin America— where the most dramatic transformation has occurred. I suggest that investment patterns in the industry have been only marginally related to trade liberalization, and have derived more from considerations of resource availability, exploration and development costs, market factors, and the general state of the international economy— all of which have contributed in the 1980s to significant restructuring and downsizing among a number of major corporations. I aho Note_null_null the important increase in an internal Latin American market, and the role of regional organizations such as ARPEL— the Association of Latin American State Oil Company Producers.","1993","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2012-11-01","101–118","","3","14","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1993 International Association for Energy Economics","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FKPU4DBJ","journalArticle","1996","Aitken, Brian; Harrison, Ann; Lipsey, Robert E.","Wages and foreign ownership A comparative study of Mexico, Venezuela, and the United States","Journal of international Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0022199695014101","","1996","2014-11-04 22:46:58","2014-11-04 22:46:58","2014-11-04 22:46:58","345–371","","3","40","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1996/Aitken et al_1996_(Wages and foreign ownership A comparative study of Mexico, Venezuela, and the).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FKV9GUK7","book","1974","Polanyi, Michael","Personal Knowledge: Towards a Post-Critical Philosophy","","9780226672885","","","","In this work the distinguished physical chemist and philosopher, Michael Polanyi, demonstrates that the scientist's personal participation in his knowledge, in both its discovery and its validation, is an indispensable part of science itself. Even in the exact sciences, ""knowing"" is an art, of which the skill of the knower, guided by his personal commitment and his passionate sense of increasing contact with reality, is a logically necessary part. In the biological and social sciences this becomes even more evident.The tendency to make knowledge impersonal in our culture has split fact from value, science from humanity. Polanyi wishes to substitute for the objective, impersonal ideal of scientific detachment an alternative ideal which gives attention to the personal involvement of the knower in all acts of understanding. His book should help to restore science to its rightful place in an integrated culture, as part of the whole person's continuing endeavor to make sense of the totality of his experience. In honor of this work and his The Study of Man Polanyi was presented with the Lecomte de Noüy Award for 1959.","1974-08-15","2015-02-19 00:02:02","2015-02-19 00:02:08","","","428","","","","","Personal Knowledge","","","","","University Of Chicago Press","Chicago","English","","","","","Amazon.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FM2VE8H8","journalArticle","1987","Rogowski, Ronald","Political Cleavages and Changing Exposure to Trade","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1962581","Combining the classical theorem of Stolper and Samuelson with a model of politics derived from Becker leads to the conclusion that exogenous changes in the risks or costs of countries' external trade will stimulate domestic conflict between owners of locally scarce and locally abundant factors. A traditional three-factor model then predicts quite specific coalitions and cleavages among owners of land, labor, and capital, depending only on the given country's level of economic development and its land-labor ratio. A preliminary survey of historical periods of expanding and contracting trade, and of such specific cases as the German @'marriage of iron and rye,@' U.S. and Latin American populism, and Asian socialism, suggests the accuracy of this hypothesis. While the importance of such other factors as cultural divisions and political inheritance cannot be denied, the role of exogenous changes in the risks and costs of trade deserves further investigation.","1987","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2013-01-28","1121–1137","","4","81","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1987 American Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FM6VHM56","journalArticle","2001","Angrist, Joshua; Krueger, Alan B.","Instrumental variables and the search for identification: From supply and demand to natural experiments","Journal of Economic Perspectives","","","","http://homepage.ntu.edu.tw/~econman/camp/josh2.pdf","","2001","2015-02-02 22:55:28","2015-02-02 22:56:11","2015-02-02 22:55:28","69-85","","4","15","","","Instrumental variables and the search for identification","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2001/Angrist_Krueger_2001_(Instrumental variables and the search for identification).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FM764ERX","book","2008","Gigerenzer, Gerd","Rationality for Mortals: How People Cope with Uncertainty","","9780199716418","","","","Gerd Gigerenzer's influential work examines the rationality of individuals not from the perspective of logic or probability, but from the point of view of adaptation to the real world of human behavior and interaction with the environment. Seen from this perspective, human behavior is more rational than it might otherwise appear. This work is extremely influential and has spawned an entire research program. This volume collects recent articles, looking at how people use ""fast and frugal heuristics"" to calculate probability and risk and make decisions. It includes the revised articles and newly written introduction that were first published in the hardcover edition. Its appeal is to a mixture of cognitive psychologists, philosophers, economists, and others who study decision making. ""Gerd Gigerenzer has created new, pathbreaking ways of thinking about human rationality. His ideas build on one another and are best seen as part of a coherent whole that is when the nature of his arguments emerges most clearly.""-- Leda Cosmides, University of California Santa Barbara","2008-05-02","2015-04-18 00:23:44","2015-04-18 00:23:44","","","257","","","","","Rationality for Mortals","","","","","Oxford University Press","","en","","","","","Google Books","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Gigerenzer_2008_(Rationality for Mortals).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FMD2WRUU","journalArticle","2002","Ansolabehere, Stephen; Snyder Jr, James M.","The incumbency advantage in US elections: An analysis of state and federal offices, 1942-2000","Election Law Journal","","","","http://online.liebertpub.com/doi/pdf/10.1089/153312902760137578","","2002","2015-05-06 16:14:43","2015-05-06 16:14:43","2015-05-06 16:14:43","315–338","","3","1","","","The incumbency advantage in US elections","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2002/Ansolabehere_Snyder Jr_2002_(The incumbency advantage in US elections).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FMVVZ8NC","journalArticle","2003","Cederman, Lars-Erik; Daase, Christopher","Endogenizing Corporate Identities: the Next Step in Constructivist IR Theory","European Journal of International Relations","","1354-0661, 1460-3713","10.1177/1354066103009001156","http://ejt.sagepub.com/content/9/1/5","In recent years, constructivists in International Relations have been attempting to `seize the middle ground' between positivist objectivism and postmodernist relativism. Yet, while useful in rendering the approach more palatable to mainstream researchers, these efforts risk leading to premature ontological closure. We therefore propose that constructivist research be extended to a `sociational' research agenda. Based on Georg Simmel's process theory of Vergesellschaftung, it joins contemporary constructivists on the epistemological middle ground while liberating itself from some of their ontological restrictions. The sociational perspective endogenizes the actors' corporate identities as a way to trace `entity processes' such as the creation and dissolution of actors as well as boundary change. Such an analytical shift makes it possible to imagine, and thus also to analyze, past, present and even future worlds constituted by co-evolving social formations, such as nations, ethnic groups, supranational organizations and states. We show how sociational analysis complements and surpasses conventional explanations of cooperation and conflict as applied to the democratic peace and ethnic conflict.","2003-03-01","2013-10-23 14:54:45","2013-10-23 14:54:45","2013-10-23 14:54:45","5-35","","1","9","","European Journal of International Relations","Endogenizing Corporate Identities","","","","","","","en","","","","","ejt.sagepub.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FNB3FV9J","journalArticle","2015","Abramson, Scott; Rivera, Carlos Velasco","Time is Power: The Non-Institutional Sources of Stability in Autocracies","","","","","http://scholar.princeton.edu/sites/default/files/cvelasco/files/leaders.pdf","","2015","2015-12-09 20:39:25","2015-12-09 20:39:25","2015-12-09 20:39:25","","","","","","","Time is Power","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Abramson_Rivera_2015_(Time is Power).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FNKDE7R3","journalArticle","2011","Bown, C. P.","Taking Stock of Antidumping, Safeguards and Countervailing Duties, 1990–2009","The World Economy","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-9701.2011.01388.x/full","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2013-02-01","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FNQJ76MP","journalArticle","2009","Underhill, Geoffrey R.D.","Political Economy, the `US School', and the Manifest Destiny of Everyone Else","New Political Economy","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13563460903087482","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","","347–356","","3","14","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FP3NCJ3Z","journalArticle","2009","Kogan, Leonid; Livdan, Dmitry; Yaron, Amir","Oil Futures Prices in a Production Economy with Investment Constraints","The Journal of Finance","","0022-1082","","http://www.jstor.org.proxy.library.georgetown.edu/stable/20488003","We document a new stylized fact, that the relationship between the volatility of oil futures prices and the slope of the forward curve is nonmonotone and has a V-shape. This pattern cannot be generated by standard models that emphasize storage. We develop an equilibrium model of oil production in which investment is irreversible and capacity constrained. Investment constraints affect firms' investment decisions and imply that the supply elasticity changes over time. Since demand shocks must be absorbed by changes in prices or changes in supply, time-varying supply elasticity results in time-varying volatility of futures prices. Estimating this model, we show it is quantitatively consistent with the V-shape relationship between the volatility of futures prices and the slope of the forward curve.","2009-06-01","2014-10-01 22:36:52","2014-10-01 22:36:52","2014-10-01 22:36:52","1345-1375","","3","64","","The Journal of Finance","","","","","","","","","Copyright © 2009 American Finance Association","","","","JSTOR","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Kogan et al_2009_(Oil Futures Prices in a Production Economy with Investment Constraints).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FP45ZHMF","book","2011","Fioretos, Karl Orfeo","Creative reconstructions: multilateralism and European varieties of capitalism after 1950","","9780801449697","","","","","2011","2012-11-07 07:27:54","2014-09-04 20:22:55","","","245","","","","","Creative reconstructions","Cornell studies in political economy","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HC240 .F457 2011","","","","","Capitalism; Economic policy; Europe; European cooperation; Foreign economic relations; International trade agencies","Capitalism; Economic policy; Europe; European cooperation; Foreign economic relations; International trade agencies","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FPFIMV8U","journalArticle","2014","Hertog, Steffen","Arab Gulf states: an assessment of nationalisation policies","","","","","http://cadmus.eui.eu/handle/1814/32156","","2014","2015-07-16 09:45:31","2015-07-16 09:45:31","2015-07-16 09:45:31","","","","","","","Arab Gulf states","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Hertog_2014_(Arab Gulf states)2.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FPHTPBZ7","journalArticle","2012","Gartzke, E.; Lupu, Y.","Still Looking for Audience Costs","Security Studies","","","","","","2012","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","","","","3","21","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FPKUZFI8","journalArticle","2008","Eichengreen, Barry; Leblang, David","Democracy and globalization","Economics & Politics","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-0343.2007.00329.x/full","","2008","2014-11-04 22:45:45","2014-11-04 22:45:45","2014-11-04 22:45:45","289–334","","3","20","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Eichengreen_Leblang_2008_(Democracy and globalization).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FPVQ82SJ","journalArticle","1989","Chaudhry, K. A.","The price of wealth: business and state in labor remittance and oil economies","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/production/action/cjoGetFulltext?fulltextid=3216340","","1989","2012-10-04 02:22:41","2014-09-04 20:22:18","2012-10-04 02:22:41","101–145","","1","43","","","The price of wealth","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Resource Curse","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FPWJQA36","journalArticle","2014","Lang, Ruitian","Relationships in a Market: Contract Enforcement and Asset Re-allocation","","","","","https://www.rse.anu.edu.au/media/347951/AssetAllocation.pdf","","2014","2014-09-29 02:17:27","2014-09-29 02:17:27","2014-09-29 02:17:27","","","","","","","Relationships in a Market","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Lang_2014_(Relationships in a Market).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FQBG2WBS","webpage","2014","Seshasayee, Hari","Tapping Into Latin America’s Oil | Americas Quarterly","Americas Quarterly","","","","http://www.americasquarterly.org/content/tapping-latin-americas-oil-India","","2014-11-04","2014-12-12 17:07:22","2014-12-12 17:08:28","2014-12-12 17:07:22","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FQJ8WHAC","manuscript","2009","Hertog, Steffen; Luciani, Giacomo","Energy and sustainability policies in the GCC.","","","","","http://dro.dur.ac.uk/7178/1/7178.pdf","","2009","2015-07-16 09:43:09","2015-12-09 01:20:40","2015-07-16 09:43:09","","","","","","","","","","","","","Kuwait Program on Development, Governance, and Globalization in the Gulf States","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Hertog_Luciani_2009_(Energy and sustainability policies in the GCC).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FR57ZW7W","book","2010","Jones Luong, Pauline; Weinthal, Erika","Oil Is Not a Curse: Ownership Structure and Institutions in Soviet Successor States","","9780521765770","","","","","2010","2012-05-02 13:51:59","2014-09-04 20:24:20","","","425","","","","","Oil Is Not a Curse","","","","","Cambridge University Press","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD9575.S65 J66 2010","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Jones Luong_Weinthal_2010_(Oil Is Not a Curse).pdf","","Commonwealth of Independent States; Petroleum industry and trade; Soviet Union","Commonwealth of Independent States; Petroleum industry and trade; Soviet Union","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FR8TSB84","journalArticle","2011","Arce, Daniel G.; Croson, Rachel TA; Eckel, Catherine C.","Terrorism experiments","Journal of Peace Research","","","","http://jpr.sagepub.com/content/48/3/373","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2012-09-18","373–382","","3","48","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FRAESNVU","journalArticle","2014","Aggarwal, Vinod K.; Evenett, Simon J.","Do WTO rules preclude industrial policy? Evidence from the global economic crisis","Business and Politics","","1469-3569","10.1515/bap-2014-0040","http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/bap.2014.16.issue-4/bap-2014-0040/bap-2014-0040.xml","The creation of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995 was a landmark in the development of the liberal international economic order. Yet the global economic crisis of 2008 put the spotlight on the longstanding question whether WTO membership limited the policy choices of governments coping with distress. This Special Issue of Business and Politics uses the crisis as a “stress test” for evaluating the prominent thesis that multilateral trade rules presently impose sharp limits on national industrial policies. The evidence from a wide range of sectoral and national contexts suggests that the WTO’s ability to constrain member governments’ use of industrial policy is highly exaggerated. As we argue in this introductory essay, and as the studies in this Issue show, assertions of the WTO’s strength do not reflect the incomplete and contested nature of its accords and the imperatives of policymaking in an era when many governments simultaneously intervene in national economies.","2014","2015-01-15 20:40:31","2015-01-15 20:40:31","2015-01-15 20:40:31","481–509","","4","16","","bap","Do WTO rules preclude industrial policy?","","","","","","","","","","","","DeGruyter","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Aggarwal_Evenett_2014_(Do WTO rules preclude industrial policy).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FRMKUEW3","journalArticle","2012","Bechtel, Michael M.; Hainmueller, Jens; Margalit, Yotam M.","Studying public opinion on multidimensional policies: The case of the eurozone bailouts","SSRN Working Paper","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2163594","","2012","2014-12-02 17:16:27","2014-12-02 17:16:45","2014-12-02 17:16:27","","","","","","","Studying public opinion on multidimensional policies","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FS69BVE4","journalArticle","2015","El-Katiri, Laura; Fattouh, Bassam","A Brief Political Economy of Energy Subsidies in the Middle East and North Africa","Oxford Institute for Energy Studies Paper","","","","","Energy subsidies are among the most pervasive, and most controversial fiscal policy tools in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). In a region with few functioning social welfare systems, subsidized energy prices continue to form an important social safety net, albeit a highly costly and inefficient one. In the MENA region’s oil and gas producers, low energy prices have also historically formed an important element of an unwritten social contract, where governments extracted their countries’ hydrocarbon riches in return for citizens’ participation in sharing resource rents. While it is clear that energy subsidy reform will not be the only variable at play, its potential socio-economic dividends are important factors enabling some common regional objectives – sustainable fiscal policy, fiscal space to invest in key areas, and a more efficient and equitable distribution of scarce resources – to be achieved, helping to promote a more stable political status quo in the long term. If accommodated by effective mitigation measures, reforming energy subsidies in the MENA region’s middle-income economies could be a powerful tool for governments – addressing those very profound socio-economic grievances that have contributed to the outbreak of political protest. In this paper, we look at some of the MENA region’s potential avenues into reform. While the past has demonstrated the political difficulty of reforming energy prices, recent experience also shows that the reform of energy subsidies can be done, if accompanied by a set of enabling factors.","2015","2015-05-22 09:42:35","2015-07-03 06:17:56","","","","MEP 11","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/El-Katiri_Fattouh_2015_(A Brief Political Economy of Energy Subsidies in the Middle East and North).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FSBDUMTW","journalArticle","2007","Lewis, Steven W.","Chinese NOCs and World Energy Markets: CNPC, Sinopec and CNOOC","The Changing Role of National Oil Companies in International Energy Markets. James A. Baker II Institute for Public Policy, Rice University","","","","http://large.stanford.edu.proxy.library.georgetown.edu/publications/power/references/baker/studies/noc/docs/NOC_CNOOC_Lewis.pdf","","2007","2014-09-24 22:16:01","2014-09-24 22:16:01","2014-09-24 22:16:01","","","","","","","Chinese NOCs and World Energy Markets","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Lewis/Lewis_2007_Chinese NOCs and World Energy Markets.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FSCPF28E","journalArticle","2011","Flache, A.; Macy, M. W.","Local Convergence and Global Diversity: From Interpersonal to Social Influence","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2014-09-04 18:31:54","","970–995","","6","55","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FSPZC363","bookSection","2012","Steinberg, P.; VanDeveer, S.","Bridging archipelagos: connecting comparative politics and environmental politics","Comparative environmental politics","","","","https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=P1XG9Fr-oI0C&oi=fnd&pg=PA29&dq=Bridging+archipelagos:+Connections,+comparative+politics+and+environmental+politics&ots=Ml3x7_tqFR&sig=pQnt7BiaMuuMdo9acND-Vn20RNw","","2012","2015-04-12 18:06:47","2015-04-12 18:07:32","2015-04-12 18:06:47","29–60","","","","","","Bridging archipelagos","","","","","MIT Press","Cambridge, MA","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","Steinberg, P.; VanDeveer, S.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FT4QJA5S","journalArticle","2011","Yamamoto, Teppei","Understanding the Past: Statistical Analysis of Causal Attribution","American Journal of Political Science","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FT687765","journalArticle","2006","Bina, Cyrus","The globalization of oil: A prelude to a critical political economy","International Journal of Political Economy","","","","","","2006","2015-05-05 10:17:42","2015-05-05 10:17:42","","4–34","","2","35","","","The globalization of oil","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2006/Bina_2006_(The globalization of oil).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FTETTJHA","journalArticle","2011","Newman, A. L.; Posner, E.","International interdependence and regulatory power: Authority, mobility, and markets","European Journal of International Relations","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","","589–610","","4","17","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FTGRTCD6","book","2012","Betts, Richard K.","American force: dangers, delusions, and dilemmas in national security","","9780231151221","","","","","2012","2013-01-09 22:06:02","2014-09-04 20:13:47","","","367","","","","","American force","A Council on Foreign Relations book","","","","Columbia University Press","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JZ1480 .B49 2012","","","","","20th century; 1945-1989; 1989-; Foreign relations; History; Military; Military policy; National security; United States","1945-1989; 1989-; Foreign relations; History, Military; Military policy; National security; United States","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FTTSBF8Q","journalArticle","2011","Patty, John W.; Penn, Elizabeth Maggie","A social choice theory of legitimacy","Social Choice and Welfare","","0176-1714, 1432-217X","10.1007/s00355-010-0509-y","http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00355-010-0509-y","","2011-04","2014-10-15 22:56:00","2014-10-15 22:56:00","2014-10-15 22:56:00","365-382","","3-4","36","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Patty_Penn_2011_(A social choice theory of legitimacy).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FTVH8DCF","journalArticle","2007","Gaines, Brian J.; Kuklinski, James H.; Quirk, Paul J.","The logic of the survey experiment reexamined","Political Analysis","","","","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/content/15/1/1.short","","2007","2014-12-02 17:14:31","2014-12-02 17:14:31","2014-12-02 17:14:31","1–20","","1","15","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Gaines et al_2007_(The logic of the survey experiment reexamined).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FTXGVBTB","bookSection","1990","Kramer, Martin","The moral logic of Hizballah","Origins of terrorism: psychologies, ideologies, theologies, states of mind","0943875897","","","","","1990","2012-10-25 12:35:21","2014-09-04 20:24:36","","","","","","","","","","","","","Woodrow Wilson Center Press ; distributed by the Johns Hopkins University Press","Washington, DC : Baltimore; London","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HV6431 .O74 1998","","","","","Psychological aspects; psychology; Terrorism; Terrorists","Psychological aspects; psychology; Terrorism; Terrorists","Reich, Walter","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FUEIDWFE","journalArticle","2003","Frynas, J. G.; Mellahi, K.","Political risks as firm-specific (dis) advantages: Evidence on transnational oil firms in Nigeria","Thunderbird International Business Review","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/tie.10090/abstract","","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2012-10-04","541–565","","5","45","","","Political risks as firm-specific (dis) advantages","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FUU6AWI7","report","2011","Jackson, Matthew O.","A Brief Introduction to the Basics of Game Theory","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1968579","I provide a (very) brief introduction to game theory. I have developed these Note_null_nulls to provide quick access to some of the basics of game theory; mainly as an aid for students in courses in which I assumed familiarity with game theory but did not require it as a prerequisite.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2013-09-03","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","","","","","","","Game; theory","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 1968579","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FUZV2F8K","journalArticle","2012","Cho, Seo-Young","Modelling for determinants of human trafficking","Economics of Security Working Paper","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2117838","","2012","2015-04-15 20:51:11","2015-04-15 20:51:11","2015-04-15 20:51:11","","","70","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Cho_2012_(Modelling for determinants of human trafficking).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FV52SDCN","journalArticle","2011","Smith Stegen, Karen","Deconstructing the “energy weapon”: Russia's threat to Europe as case study","Energy Policy","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421511005866","","2011","2015-01-09 00:22:04","2015-01-09 00:22:04","2015-01-09 00:22:04","6505–6513","","10","39","","","Deconstructing the “energy weapon”","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FVGHF2QT","journalArticle","2008","Greenhill, B.","Recognition and Collective Identity Formation in International Politics","European Journal of International Relations","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","","343–368","","2","14","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FVZWUFKC","journalArticle","2015","Bechtel, Michael M.; Sattler, Thomas","What Is Litigation in the World Trade Organization Worth?","International Organization","","1531-5088","10.1017/S002081831400037X","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S002081831400037X","Conventional wisdom holds that the creation of international, court-like institutions helps countries to peacefully settle trade conflicts, thereby enhancing overall welfare. Many have argued, however, that these institutions remain ultimately ineffective because they merely reflect the distribution of power in the anarchic international system. We argue that international litigation provides economic spillovers that create opportunities for judicial free-riding and explore empirically how litigation in the World Trade Organization affects bilateral trade between countries involved in a trade dispute. We use a matching approach to compare the dynamics of trade flows between countries that experienced a panel ruling with trade relations of observably similar country pairs that did not experience a ruling. Based on this comparison we find that sectoral exports from complainant countries to the defendant increase by about $7.7 billion in the three years after a panel ruling. However, countries that have proactively filed a complaint and carried the main costs of litigation do not systematically gain more than less-active third parties that merely joined an existing trade dispute. This suggests that international judicial institutions can provide positive economic externalities and may thereby lead to a less power-based distribution of the gains from trade.","2015-02","2015-03-16 20:06:49","2015-03-16 20:07:13","2015-03-16 20:06:49","1–29","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Bechtel_Sattler_2015_(What Is Litigation in the World Trade Organization Worth).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FWDHC5A5","journalArticle","2012","Trachtenberg, Marc","Audience Costs: An Historical Analysis","Security Studies","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09636412.2012.650590","This article examines the argument that the ability of a government to generate “audience costs”—to create a situation, that is, in which it would pay a domestic political price for backing down—plays a key role in determining how international crises run their course. It does this by looking at a dozen great power crises to see how well various aspects of the audience costs argument hold up in the light of the historical evidence. The audience costs mechanism, it turns out, does not play a major role in any of those crises—a conclusion which, the author claims, has certain important methodological implications.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2013-01-09","3–42","","1","21","","","Audience Costs","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FWHUVA6I","journalArticle","2002","McDermott, R.","Experimental methodology in political science","Political Analysis","","","","","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","","325–342","","4","10","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FX8A6NUW","report","2014","Steinwender, Claudia","Information frictions and the law of one price:"" When the States and the Kingdom became United""","","","","","http://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/104758","","2014","2015-04-21 18:09:11","2015-04-21 18:09:11","2015-04-21 18:09:11","","","","","","","Information frictions and the law of one price","","","","","WTO Staff Working Paper","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Steinwender_2014_(Information frictions and the law of one price).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FXC2K9EK","journalArticle","2015","Ross, Michael L.","What Have We Learned about the Resource Curse?","Annual Review of Political Science","","","10.1146/annurev-polisci-052213-040359","http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-052213-040359","Since 2001, hundreds of academic studies have examined the “political resource curse,” meaning the claim that natural resource wealth tends to adversely affect a country's governance. There is now robust evidence that one type of mineral wealth, petroleum, has at least three harmful effects: It tends to make authoritarian regimes more durable, to increase certain types of corruption, and to help trigger violent conflict in low- and middle-income countries. Scholars have also made progress toward understanding the mechanisms that lead to these outcomes and the conditions that make them more likely. This essay reviews the evidence behind these claims, the debates over their validity, and some of the unresolved puzzles for future research.","2015","2015-05-21 12:55:57","2015-05-21 12:55:57","2015-05-21 12:55:57","239-259","","1","18","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Ross_2015_(What Have We Learned about the Resource Curse).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FXDUDRVN","journalArticle","2006","Meunier, S.; Nicolaidis, K.","The European Union as a conflicted trade power","Journal of European Public Policy","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13501760600838623","","2006","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2013-01-31","906–925","","6","13","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FXE25G3I","journalArticle","2011","Okasha, S.","Theory Choice and Social Choice: Kuhn versus Arrow","Mind","","","","http://mind.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/doi/10.1093/mind/fzr010","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2012-09-15","83–115","","477","120","","","Theory Choice and Social Choice","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FXQEFE87","journalArticle","2014","Medlock III, Kenneth B.","Natural gas price in Asia: What to expect and what it means","The James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy, Rice University, Policy Report","","","","http://bakerinstitute.tendenciapp.com/media/files/Research/3d101582/CES-pub-NaturalGasPriceAsia-021814.pdf","","2014","2015-05-29 09:44:13","2015-05-29 09:46:59","2015-05-29 09:44:13","","","","","","","Natural gas price in Asia","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Medlock III_2014_(Natural gas price in Asia).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FXZEEGU3","journalArticle","2006","Axelrod, Robert; Tesfatsion, Leigh","Appendix AA Guide for Newcomers to Agent-Based Modeling in the Social Sciences","Handbook of computational economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1574002105020447","","2006","2013-10-23 14:19:32","2013-10-23 14:19:32","2013-10-23 14:19:32","1647–1659","","","2","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FXZFICW6","report","2015","Gandrud, Christopher; Pepinsky, Thomas B.","Predicting Self-Fulfilling Financial Crises","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2706590","This paper studies how self-fulfilling dynamics affect the predictability of financial crises. We build a model in which market participants play an investment coordination game with common economic shocks and private information about their own willingness to cooperate. An observer attempts to predict the occurrence of a financial crisis in the future based on the players’ actions in the present. Under favorable conditions, good market conditions prevent an observer from learning about players’ types by observing their actions. This induces a negative correlation between economic conditions in the present and the variance of players’ types in the following period, which defines the predictability of financial crises. Under more extreme positive market conditions, the observer cannot use present observations of the players to learn about the probability of a financial crisis in the future. We test the implications of the model using a new continuous measure of financial market stress–“FinStress”–developed by Gandrud and Hallerberg (2015). We find support for a key implication of our theory: the variance of financial market stress is larger following periods of good economic conditions than following poor economic conditions. These conclusions have implications for both empirical analyses of the predictors of financial crises and for policymakers seeking to prevent crises. The findings in our paper suggest that regulators should focus on actors’ types (e.g. with stress tests) more than macro-economic conditions. More broadly, our analysis provides a new explanation for why social scientists and area specialists are generally poor at predicting events that require mass coordination, such as financial crises, coups, and revolutions.","2015-12-21","2015-12-21 18:34:26","2015-12-21 18:34:26","2015-12-21 18:34:26","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Gandrud_Pepinsky_2015_(Predicting Self-Fulfilling Financial Crises).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2706590","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FXZVX9GT","journalArticle","2011","Auer, M. R.","The Policy Sciences of Social Media","Policy Studies Journal","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","","709–736","","4","39","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FZJ9VBQS","journalArticle","2001","Dorussen, H.; Mo, J.","Ending Economic Sanctions Audience Costs and Rent-Seeking as Commitment Strategies","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/45/4/395.short","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2012-10-31","395–426","","4","45","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FZN6VE85","journalArticle","2015","Demirer, Rıza; Jategaonkar, Shrikant P.; Khalifa, Ahmed A. A.","Oil price risk exposure and the cross-section of stock returns: The case of net exporting countries","Energy Economics","","0140-9883","10.1016/j.eneco.2015.02.010","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014098831500047X","The main goal of this paper is to examine whether oil price risk is systematically priced in the cross-section of stock returns in net oil-exporting countries even after controlling for market and firm-level risk factors. Using firm-level data from the Gulf Arab stock markets, we find that stocks that are more sensitive to oil price changes indeed yield significantly higher returns, suggesting that oil price exposure can serve as a return predictor in these stock markets. However, we also find that it is the absolute exposure of a stock that drives returns, suggesting fluctuations in the oil price as a source of stock return premia in these markets. Our tests further suggest that a portfolio strategy based on a stock's absolute exposure to oil price risk yields significant positive subsequent returns as well, suggesting an investment strategy based on the absolute oil price risk exposure of stocks in net exporting nations.","2015-05","2015-06-30 11:43:18","2015-06-30 11:43:18","2015-06-30 11:43:18","132-140","","","49","","Energy Economics","Oil price risk exposure and the cross-section of stock returns","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Demirer et al_2015_(Oil price risk exposure and the cross-section of stock returns).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FZNZAGEP","journalArticle","2011","Chang, Chun Ping; Berdiev, Aziz N.","The political economy of energy regulation in OECD countries","Energy Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014098831100123X","This paper examines the effect of government ideology, political factors and globalization on energy regulation in electricity and gas industries using the bias-corrected least square dummy variable model in a panel of 23 OECD countries over the period of 1975–2007. We find that left-wing governments promote regulation in gas and electricity sectors. Also, less politically fragmented institutions contribute to deregulation of gas and electricity industries. Long tenures of incumbent government have limited impact on regulation in electricity sector, while it is associated with an increase in regulation of gas sector. Further, we find that higher political constraints and more globalized countries lead to deregulation in electricity and gas sectors. We discover that economic and social integration are the forces that promote deregulation in the gas industry, whereas political integration advance deregulation in the electricity industry. We emphasize that political economy factors are important determinants of energy regulation.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2012-09-20","816–825","","5","33","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Energy regulation; globalization; Government ideology; political economy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FZRXS4GB","journalArticle","2011","Alesina, Alberto; Cohen, Gerald D.; Roubini, Nouriel","Electoral business cycle in industrial democracies","European Journal of Political Economy","","","","http://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/poleco/v9y1993i1p1-23.html","","2011","2013-05-13 14:17:12","2014-09-04 20:13:20","2013-05-13 14:17:12","1–23","","1","9","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "FZV2SFB4","journalArticle","2010","Davidson, Julia O'connell","New slavery, old binaries: human trafficking and the borders of ‘freedom’","Global Networks","","1471-0374","10.1111/j.1471-0374.2010.00284.x","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1471-0374.2010.00284.x/abstract","This article explores dominant discourse on ‘trafficking as modern slavery’ in relation to the many legal and social fetters that have historically been and are today imposed upon individuals who are socially imagined as ‘free’. It argues that discourse on ‘trafficking as modern slavery’ revitalizes the liberal understandings of freedom and restriction that have historically allowed vigorous moral condemnation of slavery to coexist with the continued imposition of extensive, forcible restrictions on individuals deemed to be ‘free’. In place of efforts to build political alliances between different groups of migrants, as well as between migrants and non-migrants, who share a common interest in transforming existing social and political relations, ‘trafficking as modern slavery’ discourse inspires and legitimates efforts to divide a small number of ‘deserving victims’ from the masses that remain ‘undeserving’ of rights and freedoms.","2010-04-01","2015-04-15 20:59:00","2015-04-15 20:59:00","2015-04-15 20:59:00","244-261","","2","10","","","New slavery, old binaries","","","","","","","en","© 2010 The Author(s) Journal compilation © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd & Global Networks Partnership","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G2J2MIMV","journalArticle","2008","Fish, M. Steven; Kroenig, Matthew","Kenya's Real Problem (It's Not Ethnic)","The Washington Post","","","","http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2008/01/08/AR2008010803541.html","The key culprit in Kenya's recent turmoil is the weakness of its national legislature.","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2012-08-30","","","","","","","","","","","","","","en-US","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G2JBBR2Z","journalArticle","2012","Cranmer, Skyler J.; Desmarais, Bruce A.; Kirkland, Justin H.","Toward a Network Theory of Alliance Formation","International Interactions","","0305-0629, 1547-7444","10.1080/03050629.2012.677741","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03050629.2012.677741","","2012-07","2015-06-20 10:58:12","2015-06-20 10:58:12","2015-06-20 10:58:12","295-324","","3","38","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Cranmer et al_2012_(Toward a Network Theory of Alliance Formation).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G2PGWW46","journalArticle","2004","Braumoeller, Bear F.","Hypothesis testing and multiplicative interaction terms","International organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0020818304040251","","2004","2015-02-18 22:19:05","2015-02-18 22:19:05","2015-02-18 22:19:05","807–820","","04","58","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2004/Braumoeller_2004_(Hypothesis testing and multiplicative interaction terms).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G39DFFQV","report","2013","Favero, Nathan; Meier, Kenneth J.","Formalizing Punctuated Equilibrium: Constructing a Falsifiable Theory of Policy Change","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2300480","This paper seeks to add to the literature on punctuated equilibrium by investigating the mathematical properties of punctuated equilibrium and in the process set the ground work for a falsifiable and perhaps predictive theory of policy change. It investigates the processes that generate the leptokurtic distributions found in the existing literature using computer simulations to replicate these patterns. In the process we hope to illustrate how changes in agenda access, institutional friction, and uncertainty affect the punctuations in punctuated equilibrium theory. First, we Note_null_null some conceptual problems in the existing literature that provide the motivation for the current paper. Second, we mathematically create a simple process of punctuated equilibrium. Third, we present four simulations to show how the process of punctuated equilibrium is affected by the difficulty of gaining access to the agenda and the divergence between existing policy and latent policy preferences (Robinson, Flink and King 2013). Finally, we discuss the implications of our findings for the study of punctuated equilibrium.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2013-09-03","","","","","","","Formalizing Punctuated Equilibrium","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","","","","","","","agenda; policy change; punctuated equilibrium","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2300480","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G3HC6WPS","journalArticle","2001","Ray, J. L.","Integrating levels of analysis in world politics","Journal of Theoretical Politics","","","","http://jtp.sagepub.com/content/13/4/355.short","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2013-01-31","355–388","","4","13","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G3I9AUD8","journalArticle","2006","Broz, J. Lawrence; Hawes, Michael Brewster","Congressional Politics of Financing the International Monetary Fund","International Organization","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","","367–399","","02","60","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G3SZFB4A","journalArticle","2006","Robinson, James A.; Torvik, Ragnar; Verdier, Thierry","Political foundations of the resource curse","Journal of Development Economics","","","doi:10.1016/j.jdeveco.2006.01.008","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2015-01-14 20:35:41","","447–468","","2","79","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G44IWPME","journalArticle","2014","Jandhyala, Srividya; Weiner, Robert","Do International Investment Agreements Protect Investment? Micro-Level Evidence","Academy of Management Proceedings","","0065-0668, 2151-6561","10.5465/AMBPP.2014.285","http://proceedings.aom.org/content/2014/1/13823","International investment agreements (IIAs) are widely viewed as protecting, and hence facilitating foreign direct investment (FDI). Our analysis departs from the literature in examining IIA effectiveness by explicitly asking whether IIAs protect FDI. We ask whether firms pay more to acquire an IIA protected asset – due to the larger expected future returns from it – as compared to similar but unprotected assets. Focusing on asset transaction level data, we are also able to determine the mechanisms by which IIAs are expected to work – by imposing ex-ante signaling cost and ex-post commitment costs. Using detailed micro-level data on petroleum reserve purchases in 52 countries, we find a weak significant effect of IIAs on the amount that investors pay for an asset. Our analysis also indicates that ex-ante signaling costs are relatively weak, while ex-post commitment costs are significant.","2014-01-01","2014-12-01 17:15:09","2014-12-01 17:15:37","2014-12-01 17:15:09","","","1","2014","","ACAD MANAGE PROC","Do International Investment Agreements Protect Investment?","","","","","","","en","","","","","proceedings.aom.org","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G4QWDGQP","bookSection","1979","Tajfel, Henri; Turner, John","An Integrative Theory of Intergroup Conflict","The Social Psychology of Intergroup Relations","","","","","","1979","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:26:56","","","","","","","","","","","","","Brooks/Cole","Monterey","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Worchel, S.; Austin, W. G.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G4ZMEH23","journalArticle","1989","Haas, Peter M.","Do Regimes Matter? Epistemic Communities and Mediterranean Pollution Control","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2706652","International regimes have received increasing attention in the literature on international relations. However, little attention has been systematically paid to how compliance with them has been achieved. An analysis of the Mediterranean Action Plan, a coordinated effort to protect the Mediterranean Sea from pollution, shows that this regime actually served to empower a group of experts (members of an epistemic community), who were then able to redirect their governments toward the pursuit of new objectives. Acting in an effective transnational coalition, these new actors contributed to the development of convergent state policies in compliance with the regime and were also effective in promoting stronger and broader rules for pollution control. This suggests that in addition to providing a form of order in an anarchic international political system, regimes may also contribute to governmental learning and influence patterns of behavior by empowering new groups who are able to direct their governments toward new ends.","1989","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2012-05-05","377–403","","3","43","","","Do Regimes Matter?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G55HEIJG","journalArticle","2011","Milner, Helen V.; Tingley, Dustin H.","Who supports global economic engagement? The sources of preferences in American foreign economic policy","International Organization","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","","37–68","","01","65","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G5DRCEQN","journalArticle","2011","Smith, Kevin; Alford, John R.; Hatemi, Peter K.; Eaves, Lindon J.; Funk, Carolyn; Hibbing, John R.","Biology, Ideology, and Epistemology: How do we know political attitudes are inherited and why should we care?","American Journal of Political Science","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2014-09-04 18:31:54","","1–17","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G5IW66MJ","journalArticle","1996","Epstein, David; O'Halloran, Sharyn","The Partisan Paradox and the U.S. Tariff, 1877-1934","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2704080","Whereas historical accounts of U.S. tariff policy from 1877 to 1934 emphasize the pivotal role of parties, previous quantitative studies have failed to identify significant partisan effects. A formal model of policymaking in which strong parties aggregate voters' preferences provides empirical equations to test for partisan effects. Subsequent time series analysis shows that, even after controlling for interest group demands, partisan control of government did significantly affect the tariff. Moreover, during the period under study, the two political parties enacted tariff policies that benefited different sets of producer groups at the expense of others. Thus, political institutions did play a significant role in shaping the interests that influence U.S. foreign economic policy.","1996","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2012-05-06","301–324","","2","50","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G5MXDN4E","book","2006","Mun, Johnathan","Real options analysis: Tools and techniques for valuing strategic investments and decisions","","","","","http://books.google.com.proxy.library.georgetown.edu/books?hl=en&lr=&id=X47bm9Etd7IC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=prices+risk+oil+field+investment&ots=W6-xkD_0Xo&sig=PIibQVQF0GxEwXtp-wEBu_GjaXc","","2006","2014-10-01 22:36:32","2014-10-01 22:36:32","2014-10-01 22:36:32","","","","320","","","Real options analysis","","","","","John Wiley & Sons","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/QNKTPUUN/books.html","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G5PIFNTX","book","2006","Dutta, Manoranjan","China's industrial revolution and economic presence","","9812564659","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","","","","","","","","","","","","","World Scientific Publishing","Singapore ; Hackensack, NJ","","","","","","","","LCCN: HC427.95 .D88 2006","","","","China; Economic policy; Foreign economic relations; Industrialization","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G5QGUJAR","report","2014","McDonnell, Mary-Hunter; Werner, Timothy","Blacklisted Benefactors: The Political Contestation of Non-Market Strategy","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2454702","To identify whether or not social movement challenges affect firms’ political strategies, we exploit boycotts of firms through a matched sample, difference-in-difference analysis of PAC donations. Using a new dataset that includes all boycotts of public firms over a 15-year period that received national media attention, we ask a) whether, when facing a boycott, firms decrease their giving to politicians running for federal office, b) whether politicians running for office refund a higher proportion of the donations given by these boycotted firms, and c) what mechanisms drive the relationship between activist challenges and refunded contributions. Ultimately, we find robust evidence that when a firm faces a boycott, it subsequently decreases its PAC contributions and has more of its PAC contributions refunded. With regard to the boycott’s characteristics, we find that the percentage of donations refunded is greater when the boycott receives more media attention and targets a parent company and when the public perceives the claim behind the boycott as more legitimate. With regard to the target firm’s characteristics, we find that boycotts increase the percentage of donations refunded when the firm occupies a position of low status within its industry, operates in an unregulated industry, does not engage in attempts to manage public impressions of its social behavior, and concedes to the boycott. These findings have three implications. First, as the first researchers to analyze politicians’ refunds to firms, we provide new evidence as to how these elites react when the cost of associating with such interests rise. Second, in an era in which the cost of organizing against corporate interests is dropping, we provide the first evidence that activists can constrain corporate nonmarket strategy, at least in the public realm of campaign finance. Finally, since our results demonstrate that firms’ disclosed electoral activity is constrained by activism, firms’ may shift more of their contributions and political expenditures into the undisclosed electoral channels allowed by Citizens United v. FEC.","2014","2014-09-16 12:10:15","2014-09-16 12:10:15","2014-09-16 12:10:15","","","","","","","Blacklisted Benefactors","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/McDonnell_Werner_2014_(Blacklisted Benefactors).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2454702","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G5QTAAC5","journalArticle","1980","Marshall, JD","Thomas Hobbes: education and obligation in the Commonwealth","Journal of Philosophy of Education","","","","","","1980","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","","193–203","","2","14","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G5RMCMMD","journalArticle","2014","Arena, Philip; Nicoletti, Nicholas P.","Selectorate theory, the democratic peace, and public goods provision","International Theory","","1752-9727","10.1017/S1752971914000347","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1752971914000347","We show that without a few peculiar modeling choices that are not justified by the core assumptions of the theory, selectorate theory neither unambiguously predicts the democratic peace nor that leaders of more inclusive regimes will rely upon the provision of public goods to remain in office, though they may be more likely to provide club goods. We illustrate these claims using relatively simple models that incorporate the core assumptions of their theory, while avoiding modeling choices we believe to be less appropriate. We argue for a revised version of selectorate theory, one that continues to emphasize the importance of the size of the winning coalition, yet we believe it provides a more realistic picture of democratic politics.","2014-11","2015-06-30 16:12:30","2015-06-30 16:12:30","2015-06-30 16:12:30","391–416","","03","6","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Arena_Nicoletti_2014_(Selectorate theory, the democratic peace, and public goods provision).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G5UJAUEZ","journalArticle","2015","Subotić, Jelena","Narrative, Ontological Security, and Foreign Policy Change","Foreign Policy Analysis","","1743-8594","10.1111/fpa.12089","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/fpa.12089/abstract","While the recent IR “narrative turn” has greatly improved our understanding of how narratives influence state policy choices, we need to deepen our understanding of how narratives explain policy change. If state “autobiographies” provide such powerful explanations of why states do what they do, how can they change their policies and practices? To understand the relationship between policy change and state narrative continuity, I build on existing scholarship on narrative analysis and ontological security to examine ways in which state autobiographical narratives are used by political actors to confront state insecurities. My principal argument is that at times of great crises and threats to multiple state securities (physical, social, and ontological), narratives are selectively activated to provide a cognitive bridge between policy change that resolves the physical security challenge, while also preserving state ontological security through offering autobiographical continuity, a sense of routine, familiarity, and calm. I illustrate the argument with an analysis of Serbia's changing foreign policy behavior regarding the disputed status of Kosovo.","2015-01-01","2015-06-30 11:54:20","2015-06-30 11:54:20","2015-06-30 11:54:20","n/a-n/a","","","","","Foreign Policy Anal","","","","","","","","en","© 2015 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Subotic_2015_(Narrative, Ontological Security, and Foreign Policy Change).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G5X3FUWQ","journalArticle","2007","Tetlock, Paul C.","Giving content to investor sentiment: The role of media in the stock market","The Journal of Finance","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-6261.2007.01232.x/full","","2007","2015-11-28 20:59:44","2015-11-28 20:59:44","2015-11-28 20:59:44","1139–1168","","3","62","","","Giving content to investor sentiment","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Tetlock_2007_(Giving content to investor sentiment).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G634HSIA","journalArticle","2012","Alon, Ilan; Cherp, Aleh","Is China's outward investment in oil a global security concern?","","","","","http://academiccommons.columbia.edu/catalog/ac:154027","","2012","2014-10-15 20:24:03","2014-10-15 20:24:03","2014-10-15 20:24:03","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Alon_Cherp_2012_(Is China's outward investment in oil a global security concern).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G65BDD2H","journalArticle","2005","Gause III, F. Gregory","Can Democracy Stop Terrorism?","Foreign Affairs","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/20031706","The Bush administration contends that the push for democracy in the Muslim world will improve U.S. security. But this premise is faulty: there is no evidence that democracy reduces terrorism. Indeed, a democratic Middle East would probably result in Islamist governments unwilling to cooperate with Washington.","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2012-09-21","62–76","","5","84","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2005 Council on Foreign Relations","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G6CQ6XEX","book","1981","Tajfel, Henri","Human groups and Social Categories","","","","","","","1981","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:26:57","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G6D58N3V","journalArticle","1993","Bartels, L. M.","Messages received: The political impact of media exposure","American Political Science Review","","","","","","1993","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","","267–285","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G6E35KKI","conferencePaper","2010","Diakopoulos, N. A.; Shamma, D. A.","Characterizing debate performance via aggregated twitter sentiment","Proceedings of the 28th international conference on Human factors in computing systems","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","","1195–1198","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G6IDKUF8","journalArticle","2013","Wang, Albert Zhao","Essays on Platforms: Asymmetric Information, Search, and Policy","","","","","http://dash.harvard.edu/handle/1/11107812","","2013","2014-09-29 02:14:54","2014-09-29 02:14:54","2014-09-29 02:14:54","","","","","","","Essays on Platforms","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Wang_2013_(Essays on Platforms).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G6R3FZX7","journalArticle","2004","de Volo, L. B.; Schatz, E.","From the inside out: Ethnographic methods in political research","Political Science","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/production/action/cjoGetFulltext?fulltextid=214763","","2004","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2012-08-09","267–272","","2","37","","","From the inside out","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G6VWCEIC","journalArticle","2004","Sambanis, N.","What Is Civil War?: Conceptual and Empirical Complexities of an Operational Definition","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","http://jcr.sagepub.com/cgi/doi/10.1177/0022002704269355","","2004","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2012-08-22","814–858","","6","48","","","What Is Civil War?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G6XAGB9C","book","2002","Schölkopf, Bernhard; Smola, Alexander J.","Learning with Kernels: Support Vector Machines, Regularization, Optimization, and Beyond","","9780262194754","","","","In the 1990s, a new type of learning algorithm was developed, based on results from statistical learning theory: the Support Vector Machine (SVM). This gave rise to a new class of theoretically elegant learning machines that use a central concept of SVMs -- -kernels--for a number of learning tasks. Kernel machines provide a modular framework that can be adapted to different tasks and domains by the choice of the kernel function and the base algorithm. They are replacing neural networks in a variety of fields, including engineering, information retrieval, and bioinformatics.Learning with Kernels provides an introduction to SVMs and related kernel methods. Although the book begins with the basics, it also includes the latest research. It provides all of the concepts necessary to enable a reader equipped with some basic mathematical knowledge to enter the world of machine learning using theoretically well-founded yet easy-to-use kernel algorithms and to understand and apply the powerful algorithms that have been developed over the last few years.","2002","2015-04-29 17:50:53","2015-04-29 17:51:05","","","658","","","","","Learning with Kernels","","","","","MIT Press","Cambridge","en","","","","","Google Books","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2002/Scholkopf_Smola_2002_(Learning with Kernels).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G73HFPPE","journalArticle","2010","Losman, Donald L.","The rentier state and national oil companies: an economic and political perspective","The Middle East Journal","","","","http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/mej/summary/v064/64.3.losman.html","","2010","2014-09-24 22:20:17","2014-09-24 22:20:17","2014-09-24 22:20:17","427–445","","3","64","","","The rentier state and national oil companies","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Losman_2010_(The rentier state and national oil companies).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G7BCMVNG","journalArticle","1990","Jamieson, Alison","Entry, discipline and exit in the Italian Red Brigades","Terrorism and Political Violence","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09546559008427047","The article looks at Red Brigades (BR) recruitment in the early 1970s via the infiltration and `lubrication' of far left groups based in the factories of Northern Italy. The author describes the passage from extremism to terrorism and the criteria imposed by the BR for entry. Initial imitation of the Latin American guerrilla model was gradually replaced by a series of organizational and disciplinary structures based on first‐hand experience. The strict regulations laid down by the BR were generally adhered to and were a vital factor for survival, although the weakest link was in personal relations. The restrictions of clandestinity created personal and political crises which deepened after 1978, when the battle between state and terrorists intensified. The greater commitment required of members made dissent and exit correspondingly more traumatic. In the end, attempts to preserve unity by increasing discipline proved to be counterproductive.","1990","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2012-10-18","1–20","","1","2","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G7ICFN2R","journalArticle","2014","Chaudoin, Stephen","Audience Features and the Strategic Timing of Trade Disputes","International Organization","","1531-5088","10.1017/S0020818314000174","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0020818314000174","If international institutions are such potent alarm mechanisms that mobilize procompliance domestic audiences, as many existing theories argue, why do countries wait so long before sounding the alarm? World Trade Organization (WTO) members often wait months or even years before objecting to their trading partners’ WTO-illegal barriers. To turn a phrase, trade cooperation delayed is trade cooperation denied, so why wait? To explain this variation, I develop a theory of institutional alarm mechanisms in which (1) the preferences and strength of the audience hearing the alarm vary and (2) the decision to sound the alarm is strategic. Sounding the alarm is most valuable when strong audiences in the defendant country support compliance. I test this prediction using competing risks models analyzing the timing of WTO disputes against US tariff barriers. Consistent with the theory, disputes are more likely during election years when macroeconomic indicators suggest broader support for free trade.","2014-09","2015-06-30 15:58:37","2015-06-30 15:58:37","2015-06-30 15:58:37","877–911","","04","68","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Chaudoin_2014_(Audience Features and the Strategic Timing of Trade Disputes).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G838GVFE","journalArticle","2006","Hassner, Ron E.","The Path to Intractability Time and the Entrenchment of Territorial Disputes","International Security","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/4137509","Why do territorial disputes become more difficult to resolve over time? Why are states often unable to resolve long-standing territorial disputes over land that is of little strategic or economic value? One explanation for territorial dispute entrenchment draws on changes in dispute perception. Specifically, as territorial disputes mature they undergo processes that increase the integrity of the disputed territory, clarify the definition of the territory's boundaries, and make it more difficult to find substitutes for the territory. Territorial dispute resolution is both stochastic and exogenous to the entrenchment process and thus impossible to predict. It is possible, however, to forecast ex ante the degree to which young territorial disputes are likely to resist resolution efforts in the future based on two variables: perceptions of a territory's integrity, boundaries, and value at the outset of the dispute, and physical constraints on expansion and settlement into the territory.","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2013-01-09","107–138","","3","31","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2006 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G8HCMTDN","book","2010","Chivvis, C.","Recasting NATO's strategic concept: possible directions for the United States","","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","","","","","280","","","","","","","","Rand Corp","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "G8U9HNHU","journalArticle","2010","Carpenter, C.; Drezner, D. W.","International Relations 2.0: The Implications of New Media for an Old Profession1","International Studies Perspectives","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","","255–272","","3","11","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GA6UKZP4","journalArticle","1991","Gaddis, John","Toward the Post-Cold War World","Foreign Affairs","","","","","","1991","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","","102–122","","2","70","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GA8GEFM7","journalArticle","2004","Gelman, Andrew","Treatment effects in before-after data","Applied Bayesian Modeling and Causal Inference from an Incomplete Data Perspective. London: Wiley","","","","http://www.polmeth.wustl.edu/media/Paper/gelman.pdf","","2004","2015-05-04 16:29:51","2015-05-04 16:29:51","2015-05-04 16:29:51","195–202","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2004/Gelman_2004_(Treatment effects in before-after data).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GABAR9PK","journalArticle","1983","Leamer, Edward E.","Let's Take the Con Out of Econometrics","The American Economic Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1803924","","1983","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","","31–43","","1","73","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1983 American Economic Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GAF6N94R","journalArticle","2011","Tsui, Kevin K.","More oil, less democracy: Evidence from worldwide crude oil discoveries*","The Economic Journal","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2009.02327.x/pdf","","2011","2015-07-16 09:10:16","2015-07-16 09:10:16","2015-07-16 09:10:16","89–115","","551","121","","","More oil, less democracy","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Tsui_2011_(More oil, less democracy).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GAX4464T","journalArticle","2013","Johnson, Tana","Institutional Design and Bureaucrats’ Impact on Political Control","The Journal of Politics","","1468-2508","10.1017/S0022381612000953","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0022381612000953","Why do governmental institutions look as they do, and who controls them? International relations scholars often point to states. However, two-thirds of today’s intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) were created not by states alone, but with participation by international bureaucrats working in preexisting IGOs. International bureaucrats’ design activities can be modest or proactive. Meanwhile, their interests differ from states’ interests: insulating their organizational family from state intervention facilitates international bureaucrats’ pursuit of material security, legitimacy, and policy advancement. The more proactive the design activities of international bureaucrats, I argue, the more insulated the resulting institution will be from mechanisms of state control (e.g., financial monopolization or veto power). Statistical analyses of an original dataset support the prediction and are robust to alternative specifications as well as approaches to control for endogeneity. The implications—concerning institutional design, principal-agent relationships, bureaucratic autonomy, and democratic deficits—go far beyond international relations.","2013-01","2014-10-27 16:29:33","2014-10-27 16:29:33","2014-10-27 16:29:33","183–197","","01","75","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Johnson_2013_(Institutional Design and Bureaucrats’ Impact on Political Control).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GBIPFX3I","journalArticle","2008","Appel, Hilary","Is It Putin or Is It Oil? Explaining Russia's Fiscal Recovery","Post-Soviet Affairs","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2014-09-04 18:31:53","","301–323","","4","24","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GBXRRWIJ","bookSection","2012","Stevens, Paul","Saudi Aramco: The Jewel in the Crown","Oil and Governance: State-owned enterprises and the world energy supply","","","","http://books.google.ca/books?hl=en&lr=&id=pBuV5z_hnngC&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&dq=Oil+and+governance:+state-owned+enterprises+and+the+world+energy+supply&ots=I_gTiZv4wM&sig=HGYZv7fPFHPpdXOQOFeMUmYgivE","","2012","2015-06-24 11:00:41","2015-06-24 11:01:30","2013-10-09 21:09:46","173-218","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge, UK","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Stevens_2012_(Saudi Aramco).pdf","","Energy","","Victor, David G.; Hults, David R.; Thurber, Mark C.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GC2JHGIF","journalArticle","2007","Seabrooke, Leonard","Why Political Economy Needs Historical Sociology","International Politics","","","","http://www.palgrave-journals.com/ip/journal/v44/n4/abs/8800197a.html","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2012-05-24","390–413","","4","44","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GCB342C4","webpage","2013","Tissot, Roger","Worsening security threatens to derail Colombia’s oil boom","Alberta Oil","","","","http://www.albertaoilmagazine.com/2013/06/security-threats-colombia-oil-boom/","After years of relative stability, fresh violence and kidnappings in Colombia could affect Canadian oil producers","2013-06-04","2014-12-12 17:10:17","2014-12-12 17:10:42","2014-12-12 17:10:17","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GCPJX6R6","journalArticle","1995","Smolansky, Oles","Ukraine's quest for independence: The fuel factor","Europe-Asia Studies","","","","","","1995","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","","67–90","","1","47","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","delete; rename","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GD48BTVU","journalArticle","2012","Schneider, Martin R.; Paunescu, Mihai","Changing varieties of capitalism and revealed comparative advantages from 1990 to 2005: a test of the Hall and Soskice claims","Socio-Economic Review","","","","http://ser.oxfordjournals.org/content/10/4/731","In this paper, the varieties of capitalism (VoC) approach by Hall and Soskice (2001) is tested with longitudinal data and with measures covering all four institutional spheres differentiated in this approach. Among 26 OECD countries, we find various institutional configurations including a group of liberal market economies (LMEs) and of coordinated market economies (CMEs). However, these configurations are not stable. From 1990 to 2005, Denmark, Finland, the Netherlands and Sweden all moved from the CME model closer to the LME model. Capitalist variety is strongly linked to sector-specific comparative advantages, as predicted by Hall and Soskice—CMEs export more heavily in medium high-tech industries, and LMEs in high-tech industries. In addition, the economies that have moved towards the LME model have also specialized more strongly in high-tech over time. In sum, we find mixed evidence for the claims made by Hall and Soskice. Comparative advantages develop as predicted in the VoC approach, but the types of capitalism are more varied and more dynamic than the VoC approach suggests.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2013-01-24","731–753","","4","10","","","Changing varieties of capitalism and revealed comparative advantages from 1990 to 2005","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","Capitalism; F10 trade; O57 comparative studies of countries; P52 comparative studies of particular economies; technological change; varieties of","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GDVFCAUA","report","2013","Hamedi, Zoheir","Shale Oil: On the Cusp of an Energy Revolution?","","","","","http://english.dohainstitute.org//home/getpage/5ea4b31b-155d-4a9f-8f4d-a5b428135cd5/72b04842-093d-4f21-955c-b7156fe290ba","In developing its productive capacity of shale oil and gas, the US, offers a unique experience that might redraw the global energy map, especially if it is reproduced in other parts of the world. These developments are attributed to technological breakthroughs in the production of new types of oil and gas that are considered unconventional, such as shale gas; these breakthroughs may constitute a qualitative leap in the long-run production capacity of shale oil and oil sands in the US.","2013","2015-06-20 10:45:49","2015-06-20 10:46:20","2015-06-20 10:45:49","","","","","","","Shale Oil","","","","","Arab Centre for Research & Policy Studies","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Hamedi_2013_(Shale Oil).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GEBSKE9G","journalArticle","1987","Rogowski, Ronald","Trade and the variety of democratic institutions","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0020818300027442","","1987","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2012-08-09","203–223","","02","41","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GECVMNP8","journalArticle","2014","Pang, Xun","Varying Responses to Common Shocks and Complex Cross-Sectional Dependence: Dynamic Multilevel Modeling with Multifactor Error Structures for Time-Series Cross-Sectional Data","Political Analysis","","1047-1987, 1476-4989","10.1093/pan/mpu008","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/content/22/4/464","Multifactor error structures utilize factor analysis to deal with complex cross-sectional dependence in Time-Series Cross-Sectional data caused by cross-level interactions. The multifactor error structure specification is a generalization of the fixed-effects model. This article extends the existing multifactor error models from panel econometrics to multilevel modeling, from linear setups to generalized linear models with the probit and logistic links, and from assuming serial independence to modeling the error dynamics with an autoregressive process. I develop Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithms mixed with a rejection sampling scheme to estimate the multilevel multifactor error structure model with a pth-order autoregressive process in linear, probit, and logistic specifications. I conduct several Monte Carlo studies to compare the performance of alternative specifications and approaches with varying degrees of data complication and different sample sizes. The Monte Carlo studies provide guidance on when and how to apply the proposed model. An empirical application sovereign default demonstrates how the proposed approach can accommodate a complex pattern of cross-sectional dependence and helps answer research questions related to units’ sensitivity or vulnerability to systemic shocks.","2014-10-01","2015-06-30 16:09:31","2015-06-30 16:09:31","2015-06-30 16:09:31","464-496","","4","22","","Political Analysis","Varying Responses to Common Shocks and Complex Cross-Sectional Dependence","","","","","","","en","","","","","pan.oxfordjournals.org","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Pang_2014_(Varying Responses to Common Shocks and Complex Cross-Sectional Dependence).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GFC28EKB","journalArticle","2014","Baldassarri, Delia; Goldberg, Amir","Neither Ideologues nor Agnostics: Alternative Voters’ Belief System in an Age of Partisan Politics 1","American Journal of Sociology","","00029602, 15375390","10.1086/676042","http://www.jstor.org/stable/info/10.1086/676042","","2014-07","2015-01-15 20:38:39","2015-01-15 20:38:39","2015-01-15 20:38:39","45-95","","1","120","","","Neither Ideologues nor Agnostics","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Baldassarri_Goldberg_2014_(Neither Ideologues nor Agnostics).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GFN4GFZR","manuscript","2000","Guzzini, Stefano","The Enduring Dilemmas of Realism in International Relations","","","","","","","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GFWH7JAH","journalArticle","2015","Ando, Michihito","Dreams of urbanization: Quantitative case studies on the local impacts of nuclear power facilities using the synthetic control method","Journal of Urban Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S009411901400093X","This paper uses the synthetic control (SC) method to examine how the establishment of nuclear power facilities (NPFs) in Japan in the 1970s and 1980s has affected local per capita income levels in the municipalities in which they were localted (NPF municipalities). Eight quantitative case studies using the SC method clarify that the effects of NPF establishment on per capita taxable income levels are highly heterogeneous. The estimated effects are often economically meaningful and in some cases huge: the income level was 11% higher on average and 62% higher in one municipality in 2002 when compared with counterfactual units. On the other hand a few of the NPF municipalities have received only weak or negligible effects from NPF establishment. The post-estimation comparisons of employment between the NPF municipalities and the SC units suggest that the size of the direct labor demand shocks and subsequent indirect employment effects on nontradable service sectors have contributed to the increase in per capita income levels.","2015","2015-07-15 05:56:53","2015-07-15 05:57:42","","68-85","","","85","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GG7DNRHH","journalArticle","2012","Atkin, David; Donaldson, Dave","Who’s Getting Globalized? The Size and Nature of Intranational Trade Costs","Yale University and MIT, unpublished mimeo","","","","http://www.colorado.edu/Economics/seminars/SeminarArchive/2012-13/Atkin.pdf","","2012","2014-09-29 02:17:06","2014-09-29 02:17:06","2014-09-29 02:17:06","","","","","","","Who’s Getting Globalized?","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Atkin_Donaldson_2012_(Who’s Getting Globalized).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GGBHHDHB","book","2009","Lake, David A","Hierarchy in International Relations","","9780801447563","","","","","2009","2012-05-05 12:42:47","2014-09-04 20:24:42","","","232","","","","","","Cornell studies in political economy","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca, N.Y","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JZ1310 .L35 2009","","","","","21st century; Foreign relations; International relations; United States","21st century; Foreign relations; United States","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GGD6GIKQ","conferencePaper","2009","Honeycutt, C.; Herring, S. C.","Beyond microblogging: Conversation and collaboration via Twitter","Proceedings of the 42nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","","1–10","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GGE5V6DE","journalArticle","1999","Jackson, Patrick Thaddeus; Nexon, Daniel H.","Relations Before State: Substance, Process, and the Study of World Politics","European Journal of International Relations","","","","","","1999","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","","291–332","","3","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GGMKQBIH","book","2004","Kievelitz, Uwe; Schaef, Thomas; Leonhardt, Manuela; Hahn, Herwig; Vorwerk, Sonja","Practical guide to multilateral needs assessments in post-conflict situations","","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","","","","","","","","","","","","","Conflict Prevention & Reconstruction, Environmentally and Socially Sustainable Development Network, World Bank","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GHKBXH7B","journalArticle","2012","Nye, Joseph S.","The Twenty-First Century Will Not Be a “Post-American” World","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2011.00698.x/abstract","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2013-01-09","215–217","","1","56","","","","","","","","","","en","\copyright 2011 International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GHMXEF5F","book","2008","","The Oxford Handbook of Political Methodology","","","","","http://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199286546.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199286546","","2008","2013-03-04 15:42:07","2014-11-28 23:13:54","","","880","","","","","","","","","","Oxford University Press","New York","","","","","","search.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","etc.; manuals; Political science – Methodology\textbarvHandbooks; Qual","etc.; manuals; Political science -- Methodology|vHandbooks","Box-Steffensmeier, Janet M.; Brady, Henry E.; Collier, David.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GHREDJV7","journalArticle","2002","Remington, Thomas F.","The Post-Soviet Puzzle","Journal of Democracy","","","","","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2014-09-04 18:31:48","","166–169","","3","13","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GIANSUSQ","journalArticle","2010","Cha, V. D.","Powerplay: origins of the US alliance system in Asia","International Security","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","","158–196","","3","34","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GIEIRS9R","newspaperArticle","2014","Malkin, Elisabeth","Mexico’s State-Owned Oil Giant, Pemex, Is in Uncharted Waters","The New York Times","","0362-4331","","http://www.nytimes.com/2014/10/29/business/energy-environment/pemex-petroleos-mexico-oil-gets-ready-to-step-into-a-public-ring.html","Pemex hopes to shed its reputation as a lumbering oil monopoly and to remake itself into a modern company that can compete with the world’s biggest firms.","2014-10-28","2014-12-14 04:46:16","2014-12-14 04:46:16","2014-12-14 04:46:16","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","NYTimes.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GJFCQ4TH","journalArticle","2007","Greenaway, David; Kneller, Richard","Firm heterogeneity, exporting and foreign direct investment*","The Economic Journal","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2007.02018.x/full","A rapidly expanding literature on firm heterogeneity and firm level globalisation strategies has developed over the last decade. There are new insights on why some firms export and others do not, why some firms fail to survive in export markets and some choose to produce overseas rather than export. This article provides a synthesis and evaluation of this literature. It reviews both new theories of firms in an open economy context and the extensive microeconometric evidence base, which has now developed. It highlights the implications of this evidence base for policy and includes an assessment of how the research agenda may evolve.","2007","2014-10-31 14:14:56","2014-10-31 14:17:35","2014-10-31 14:14:56","134–161","","","117","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Greenaway_Kneller_2007_(Firm heterogeneity, exporting and foreign direct investment).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GJWBDDW8","report","2010","Bordalo, Pedro; Gennaioli, Nicola; Shleifer, Andrei","Salience theory of choice under risk","","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w16387","","2010","2014-10-15 22:22:39","2014-10-15 22:22:39","2014-10-15 22:22:39","","","","","","","","","","","","National Bureau of Economic Research","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Bordalo et al_2010_(Salience theory of choice under risk).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GKTH59I7","journalArticle","2014","Portney, Kent E.; Berry, Jeffrey","Civil Society and Sustainable Cities","Comparative Political Studies","","0010-4140, 1552-3829","10.1177/0010414013509574","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/47/3/395","In the modern American city, who determines environmental policy? Cities have undergone fundamental change in both their economies and populations. In terms of political forces, our expectation is that across a range of cities, where nonprofit environmental groups have been included or incorporated into the local policymaking process, there is greater commitment to environmental protection, and more extensive adoption and implementation of local policies and programs designed to protect the environment. To test this idea, we draw on our own research that combines two original data sets. First, we have collected information on what programs and policies are in place in America’s large cities. Second, for 50 large American cities, we have also surveyed top city administrators. We find that inclusion of environmental groups in city policymaking is strongly linked to city administrators’ perceptions of city commitment to environmental protection. The number of local environmental protection policies and programs also demonstrates a strong relationship to inclusion of environmental groups in city policymaking.","2014-03-01","2015-04-12 18:01:52","2015-04-12 18:01:52","2015-04-12 18:01:52","395-419","","3","47","","Comparative Political Studies","","","","","","","","en","","","","","cps.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Portney_Berry_2014_(Civil Society and Sustainable Cities).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GKWJ6K4U","journalArticle","2000","Wijnberg, N. M.","Normative stakeholder theory and Aristotle: the link between ethics and politics","Journal of Business Ethics","","","","","","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","","329–342","","4","25","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GKXCPI2E","journalArticle","2014","Meyer, Klaus E.; Ding, Yuan; Li, Jing; Zhang, Hua","Overcoming distrust: How state-owned enterprises adapt their foreign entries to institutional pressures abroad","Journal of International Business Studies","","","","http://www.palgrave-journals.com/jibs/journal/vaop/ncurrent/abs/jibs201415a.html","","2014","2014-11-05 14:18:10","2014-11-22 21:11:52","2014-11-05 14:18:10","1005-1028","","8","45","","","Overcoming distrust","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Meyer et al_2014_(Overcoming distrust).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GM25IBPG","report","2013","Gailmard, Sean; Patty, John W.","Giving Advice vs. Making Decisions: Transparency, Information, and Delegation","","","","","https://www7.kellogg.northwestern.edu/research/fordcenter/documents/GailmardPatty-TransparencyInformationDelegation-October2013.pdf","","2013","2014-10-15 22:43:48","2014-10-15 22:43:48","2014-10-15 22:43:48","","","","","","","Giving Advice vs. Making Decisions","","","","","Working paper, Washington University in Saint Louis","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Gailmard_Patty_2013_(Giving Advice vs).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GMFDMF8F","journalArticle","2015","Yang, Guangfei; Li, Xianneng; Wang, Jianliang; Lian, Lian; Ma, Tieju","Modeling oil production based on symbolic regression","Energy Policy","","0301-4215","10.1016/j.enpol.2015.02.016","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421515000798","Numerous models have been proposed to forecast the future trends of oil production and almost all of them are based on some predefined assumptions with various uncertainties. In this study, we propose a novel data-driven approach that uses symbolic regression to model oil production. We validate our approach on both synthetic and real data, and the results prove that symbolic regression could effectively identify the true models beneath the oil production data and also make reliable predictions. Symbolic regression indicates that world oil production will peak in 2021, which broadly agrees with other techniques used by researchers. Our results also show that the rate of decline after the peak is almost half the rate of increase before the peak, and it takes nearly 12 years to drop 4% from the peak. These predictions are more optimistic than those in several other reports, and the smoother decline will provide the world, especially the developing countries, with more time to orchestrate mitigation plans.","2015-07","2015-06-30 11:18:01","2015-06-30 11:18:01","2015-06-30 11:18:01","48-61","","","82","","Energy Policy","","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Yang et al_2015_(Modeling oil production based on symbolic regression).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GMJQ2258","journalArticle","1999","Garrett, Geoffrey; Tsebelis, George","Why Resist the Temptation to Apply Power Indices to the European Union?","Journal of Theoretical Politics","","","","http://jtp.sagepub.com/content/11/3/291","The temptation to apply power indices to decision-making in the European Union should be resisted for two reasons. First, power index approaches either ignore the policy preferences of relevant actors in the EU or incorporate them in ways that generate unstable and misleading results. Second, no matter how sophisticated, power indices cannot take into account the strategic properties of the procedures that govern Europe's legislative processes, especially concerning changes in the institutional location of agenda-setting power. Proponents have responded to our criticisms of earlier power index research with ingenious efforts to include functional substitutes for institutions and preferences. The problems with power indices, however, are congenital and cannot be adequately addressed without moving to a non-cooperative game theoretic framework.","1999","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2013-01-31","291–308","","3","11","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","agenda-setting; European integration; European Union; legislative processes; power indices","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GMSWACAT","journalArticle","2004","Reicher, S.","The context of social identity: Domination, resistance, and change","Political Psychology","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","","921–945","","6","25","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GN2SUMTB","journalArticle","2004","Thies, Cameron G.","Individuals, Institutions, and Inflation: Conceptual Complexity, Central Bank Independence, and the Asian Crisis","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3693524","Previous research has demonstrated that greater levels of legal central bank independence produce favorable macroeconomic outcomes in the developed countries. This article expands the literature's focus on institutions to include a measure of conceptual complexity designed to capture individual-level variations in the cognitive style of central bankers themselves. I argue that the interaction of the cognitive style of central bankers with their respective institutional environments provides a more comprehensive account of the variation in achieving price stability across countries than the institutional measure alone. This hypothesis is tested in the context of the Asian Crisis as its effects diffused to the developed world between 1997 and 1999. The analysis demonstrates that different types of individuals working within different types of institutions achieved different levels of success in attaining price stability during the Asian Crisis. The most successful outcomes were achieved by conceptually complex central bankers working within legally independent central banks. The findings suggest that more research is needed concerning the individual level of analysis in the study of international political economy.","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2014-09-04 18:31:40","","579–602","","3","48","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2004 The International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GN63ZGSS","journalArticle","2006","Checkel, J. T.","Constructivist approaches to European integration","forthcoming in Knud Erik Joergensen, Marc Pollack & Ben Rosamond (eds.): Handbook of European Union Politics. London: Sage Publications","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GNN2GPCT","journalArticle","2004","Imbens, Guido W.","Nonparametric estimation of average treatment effects under exogeneity: A review","The Review of Economics and Statistics","","","","http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/003465304323023651","","2004","2015-02-02 23:06:15","2015-02-02 23:06:34","2015-02-02 23:06:15","4–29","","1","86","","","Nonparametric estimation of average treatment effects under exogeneity","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2004/Imbens_2004_(Nonparametric estimation of average treatment effects under exogeneity)2.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GNS2SGUM","journalArticle","2010","Pachucki, Mark A.; Breiger, Ronald L.","Cultural Holes: Beyond Relationality in Social Networks and Culture","Annual Review of Sociology","","","10.1146/annurev.soc.012809.102615","http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.012809.102615","A burgeoning literature spanning sociologies of culture and social network methods has for the past several decades sought to explicate the relationships between culture and connectivity. A number of promising recent moves toward integration are worthy of review, comparison, critique, and synthesis. Network thinking provides powerful techniques for specifying cultural concepts ranging from narrative networks to classification systems, tastes, and cultural repertoires. At the same time, we see theoretical advances by sociologists of culture as providing a corrective to network analysis as it is often portrayed, as a mere collection of methods. Cultural thinking complements and sets a new agenda for moving beyond predominant forms of structural analysis that ignore action, agency, and intersubjective meaning. The notion of “cultural holes” that we use to organize our review points both to the cultural contingency of network structure and to the increasingly permeable boundary between studies of culture and research on social networks.","2010","2015-04-12 17:35:08","2015-04-12 17:35:08","2015-04-12 17:35:08","205-224","","1","36","","","Cultural Holes","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Pachucki_Breiger_2010_(Cultural Holes)2.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GNT62QWG","journalArticle","2007","Clemens, Marius","Resource Curse and Foreign Direct Investments","","","","","http://www.essadbey.de/pdf/Marius_EB_FDI.pdf","","2007","2014-11-05 13:52:06","2014-11-07 19:47:17","2014-11-05 13:52:06","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Clemens_2007_(Resource Curse and Foreign Direct Investments).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GNWGT6ST","journalArticle","2014","Molloy, Seán P.","Pragmatism, Realism and the ethics of crisis and transformation in international relations","International Theory","","1752-9727","10.1017/S1752971914000189","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1752971914000189","This article examines Carr’s work in The Twenty Years’ Crisis and Conditions of Peace in the light of an analogy that Carr draws between his work and that of the American pragmatist philosopher, William James. The article argues that one gains a greater understanding of the internal workings of Carr’s most important IR works if one understands him as operating within the pragmatist tradition (as James understood it). A further aim of the paper is to investigate the evolution in Carr’s ethical commitment to peace in The Twenty Years' Crisis and Conditions of Peace as a product of a pragmatist perspective on global politics. The article concludes with a section on how pragmatist Realist ethics complements existing theories of Realist ethics in IR by reference to Richard Ned Lebow’s The Tragic Vision of Politics and Michael C. Williams’ The Realist Tradition and the Limits of International Relations.","2014-11","2015-06-30 16:11:50","2015-06-30 16:11:50","2015-06-30 16:11:50","454–489","","03","6","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Molloy_2014_(Pragmatism, Realism and the ethics of crisis and transformation in).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GNZ4GS45","bookSection","2006","Sager, Abdulaziz","Political Reform Measures from a Domestic GCC Perspective","Constitutional Reform and Political Participation in the Gulf","","","","http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/532933/file/625360.pdf#page=239","","2006","2015-12-09 19:59:41","2015-12-09 20:01:09","","241–275","","","","","","The new corporatism in Saudi Arabia","","","","","Gulf Research Center","Dubai, UAE","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","Khalaf, Abdulhadi; Luciani, Giacomo","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GPAQWVD6","journalArticle","2008","Pouliot, Vincent","The Logic of Practicality: A Theory of Practice of Security Communities","International Organization","","","10.1017/S0020818308080090","","This article explores the theoretical implications of the logic of practicality in world politics. In social and political life, many practices do not primarily derive from instrumental rationality (logic of consequences), norm-following (logic of appropriateness), or communicative action (logic of arguing). These three logics of social action suffer from a representational bias in that they focus on what agents think about instead of what they think from. According to the logic of practicality, practices are the result of inarticulate know-how that makes what is to be done self-evident or commonsensical. Insights from philosophy, psychology, and sociology provide empirical and theoretical support for this view. Though complementary with other logics of social action, the logic of practicality is ontologically prior because it is located at the intersection of structure and agency. Building on Bourdieu, this article develops a theory of practice of security communities arguing that peace exists in and through practice when security officials' practical sense makes diplomacy the self-evident way to solving interstate disputes. The article concludes on the methodological quandaries raised by the logic of practicality in world politics.","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-12-31 16:26:30","","257–288","","2","62","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GPGVXK6B","book","2012","Mansfield, Edward D.; Milner, Helen V.","Votes, vetoes, and the political economy of international trade agreements","","9780691135298","","","","","2012","2012-11-20 13:18:54","2014-09-04 20:24:58","","","211","","","","","","","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton [N.J.]","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HF1721 .M36 2012","","","","","Commercial treaties; International trade; Trade","Commercial treaties; International trade","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GPKCDDD4","report","2009","Al-Kuwari, Duha","Determinants of the Dividend Policy of Companies Listed on Emerging Stock Exchanges: The Case of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) Countries","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1793150","This paper investigates the determinants of dividend policies for firms listed on Gulf Co-operation Council (GCC) country stock exchanges. This is a case study of emerging stock exchanges, where the determinants of dividend policy have received little attention. This study used a panel dataset of non-financial firms listed on the GCC country stock exchanges between the years of 1999 and 2003. Seven hypotheses pertaining to agency cost theory were investigated using a series of random effect Tobit models. The models considered the impact of government ownership, free cash flow, firm size, growth rate, growth opportunity, business risk, and firm profitability on dividend payout ratios. The results suggest that the main characteristics of firm dividend payout policy were that dividend payments related strongly and directly to government ownership, firm size and firm profitability, but negatively to the leverage ratio. These results, taken as a whole, indicate that firms pay dividends with the intention of reducing the agency problem and maintaining firm reputation, since the legal protection for outside shareholders was limited. In addition, and as a result of the significant agency conflicts interacting with the need to built firm reputation, a firm’s dividend policy was found to depend heavily on firm profitability. This may indicate that listed firms in GCC countries alter their dividend policy frequently and do not adopt a long-run target dividend policy.","2009-09-23","2015-08-24 18:12:33","2015-08-24 18:12:33","2015-08-24 18:12:33","","","","","","","Determinants of the Dividend Policy of Companies Listed on Emerging Stock Exchanges","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Al-Kuwari_2009_(Determinants of the Dividend Policy of Companies Listed on Emerging Stock).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 1793150","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GQ58C2JM","journalArticle","2014","Pandya, Sonal S.","Democratization and Foreign Direct Investment Liberalization, 1970-2000","International Studies Quarterly","","1468-2478","10.1111/isqu.12125","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/isqu.12125/abstract","Despite the central role of foreign direct investment (FDI) in global economic integration, we lack explanations for why countries restrict FDI inflows. This article analyzes the sources of FDI liberalization using a comprehensive new data set of national foreign ownership restrictions spanning over 90 countries for the period 1970–2000. Analyses of this data show that democratization contributes to greater FDI openness. Democratization elevates the political influence of labor, the primary beneficiary of unrestricted FDI inflows. Democracies restrict six percent fewer of their manufacturing and service industries as compared to nondemocracies. This finding is robust to several controls for alternate explanations including economic crises, coercion, and diffusion; alternate measures of both democracy and foreign ownership restrictions; and a variety of model specifications. This article elucidates the political economy foundations of the contemporary world economy.","2014","2014-09-08 20:38:57","2014-10-31 15:17:43","2014-09-08 20:38:57","475--488","","3","58","","ISQ","","","","","","","","en","© 2014 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Pandya_2014_(Democratization and Foreign Direct Investment Liberalization, 1970–2000).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GQA2NW7W","journalArticle","2011","Adler-Nissen, Rebecca","Inter- and Transnational Field(s) of Power On a Field Trip with Bourdieu","International Political Sociology","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","","327–330","","3","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GQDNGQP3","journalArticle","2015","Nagler, Jonathan; Tucker, Joshua A.","Drawing Inferences and Testing Theories with Big Data","PS: Political Science & Politics","","1537-5935","10.1017/S1049096514001796","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1049096514001796","","2015-01","2015-02-23 19:07:03","2015-02-23 19:07:03","2015-02-23 19:07:03","84–88","","01","48","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Nagler_Tucker_2015_(Drawing Inferences and Testing Theories with Big Data).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GQDTTJX2","journalArticle","2013","Aklin, Michaël; Urpelainen, Johannes","Political Competition, Path Dependence, and the Strategy of Sustainable Energy Transitions","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ajps.12002/full","","2013","2013-10-10 12:57:03","2013-10-10 12:57:03","2013-10-10 12:57:03","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GQFF85SF","journalArticle","1981","Meltzer, Allan H.; Richard, Scott F.","A Rational Theory of the Size of Government","Journal of Political Economy","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1830813","In a general equilibrium model of a labor economy, the size of government, measured by the share of income redistributed, is determined by majority rule. Voters rationally anticipate the disincentive effects of taxation on the labor-leisure choices of their fellow citizens and take the effect into account when voting. The share of earned income redistributed depends on the voting rule and on the distribution of productivity in the economy. Under majority rule, the equilibrium tax share balances the budget and pays for the voters' choices. The principal reasons for increased size of government implied by the model are extensions of the franchise that change the position of the decisive voter in the income distribution and changes in relative productivity. An increase in mean income relative to the income of the decisive voter increases the size of government.","1981","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2012-05-18","914–927","","5","89","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GQMU54BP","journalArticle","2012","Tyburski, Michael D.","The Resource Curse Reversed? Remittances and Corruption in Mexico","International Studies Quarterly","","","10.1111/j.1468-2478.2012.00721.x","","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2014-11-24 00:57:01","","339–350","","2","56","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GQRKKGHF","report","2009","Chernozhukov, Victor; Fernandez-Val, Ivan; Newey, Whitney","Quantile and average effects in nonseparable panel models","","","","","http://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/64683","","2009","2013-09-17 10:10:23","2013-09-17 10:10:23","2013-09-17 10:10:23","","","","","","","","","","","","cemmap working paper","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Quant","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GQUKZXW9","journalArticle","2007","Wallander, Celeste","Russian Transimperialism and Its Implications","The Washington Quarterly","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2014-09-04 18:31:52","","107–122","","2","30","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GREKR4SD","journalArticle","2009","Egorov, Georgy; Guriev, Sergei; Sonin, Konstantin","Why resource-poor dictators allow freer media: A theory and evidence from panel data","American Political Science Review","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0003055409990219","","2009","2015-07-16 09:13:50","2015-07-16 09:14:05","2015-07-16 09:13:50","645–668","","4","103","","","Why resource-poor dictators allow freer media","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Egorov et al_2009_(Why resource-poor dictators allow freer media).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GRNVF57S","journalArticle","2013","Pompei, Fabrizio","Heterogeneous effects of regulation on the efficiency of the electricity industry across European Union countries","Energy Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988313001813","Abstract This paper focuses on the relationship between the stringency of regulation (OECD indicators) and total factor productivity (TFP) growth in the electricity sectors of 19 European Union countries for the period 1994–2007. Both the OECD regulatory indicator and the TFP growth index have been decomposed in order to bring to light a complex picture of interrelations in which the negative impact of the overall regulation on productivity is the result of opposite forces. Estimation results tell us that only the stringency of entry regulation significantly reduces technological change, whereas vertical integration exhibits a negative and significant impact only on the catching up process (pure efficiency change). Lastly, we found an interesting result concerning the explanatory variables of the scale efficiency change: in this case only public ownership matters, in other terms high levels of public in the structure ownership of electric companies guarantee improvements in reaching the optimal scale of production. These heterogeneous effects are also confirmed when we use a different measure of efficiency, that is, the distance of the actual from the optimal reserve margin.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2013-09-03","","","","40","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Electricity; regulation; total factor productivity growth","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GS5N5E2Q","journalArticle","2002","Keefer, Philip; Stasavage, David","Checks and Balances, Private Information, and the Credibility of Monetary Commitments","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3078647","In this article, we argue that the effectiveness of central bank independence and exchange-rate pegs in solving credibility problems is contingent on two factors: political institutions and information asymmetries. However, the impact of these two factors differs. We argue that the presence of one institution-multiple political veto players-should be crucial for the effectiveness of central bank independence, but should have no impact on the efficacy of exchange-rate pegs. In contrast, exchange-rate pegs should have a greater anti-inflationary impact when it is difficult for the public to distinguish between inflation generated by policy choice and inflation resulting from exogenous shocks to the economy. Such information asymmetries between the public and the government, however, do not increase the efficacy of central bank independence. Empirical tests using newly developed data on political institutions provide strong support for our hypotheses.","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2014-09-04 18:31:48","","751–774","","4","56","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2002 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GSK2NBXZ","journalArticle","2008","Newman, A. L.","Building transnational civil liberties: Transgovernmental entrepreneurs and the European Data Privacy Directive","International Organization","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","","103","","1","62","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GSN7P3NK","journalArticle","2008","Ward, Hugh","Liberal democracy and sustainability","Environmental Politics","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09644010802055626","","2008","2015-04-12 18:12:26","2015-04-12 18:14:07","2015-04-12 18:12:26","386–409","","3","17","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GTVW7NN2","journalArticle","2002","McNamara, Kathleen R.; Meunier, Sophie","Between National Sovereignty and International Power: What External Voice for the Euro?","International Affairs (Royal Institute of International Affairs 1944-)","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3095760","Does the creation of the euro imply that the European Union is now speaking with one voice in international monetary matters? Is the EU therefore likely to challenge the hegemony of the United States on the world stage, at least in the realm of international financial diplomacy? This article analyses the current state of external representation of the common currency and asks why the issue of the euro's single voice has not yet been resolved. Comparing other areas of common policy-making that have an external dimension, such as trade, the authors explore the specificities of monetary and financial affairs that make the conflict between national sovereignty and international efficiency so difficult to settle. In particular, the authors focus on a set of international institutional arrangements regarding economic policy-making within the EU, and external arrangements within international fora (the IMF and the G7), which have so far impeded the ability of the EU to play a coherent role on the international monetary stage. The authors argue that the fact of the euro means there needs to exist a clear system of political representation in the area of monetary and financial governance in the EU, and they explore various options for who the external voice of the euro could be. Finally, the implications of creating the euro's external voice for transatlantic relations, for EU enlargements, and for the debate about the 'democratic deficit' in Europe are analysed.","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2013-01-31","849–868","","4","78","","","Between National Sovereignty and International Power","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2002 Royal Institute of International Affairs","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GTWTXMIE","journalArticle","2010","Staniland, P.","Cities on Fire: Social Mobilization, State Policy, and Urban Insurgency","Comparative Political Studies","","0010-4140, 1552-3829","10.1177/0010414010374022","http://cps.sagepub.com/cgi/doi/10.1177/0010414010374022","","2010-12-01","2015-03-25 19:09:12","2015-03-25 19:09:12","2015-03-25 19:09:12","1623-1649","","12","43","","","Cities on Fire","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Staniland_2010_(Cities on Fire).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GUBDDUQA","journalArticle","2009","Ericson, Richard E.","Eurasian Natural Gas Pipelines: The Political Economy of Network Interdependence","Eurasian Geography and Economics","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2014-09-04 18:31:59","","28–57","","1","50","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GUH75BRE","journalArticle","2015","Keele, Luke J.; Titiunik, Rocío","Geographic Boundaries as Regression Discontinuities","Political Analysis","","1047-1987, 1476-4989","10.1093/pan/mpu014","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/content/23/1/127","Political scientists often turn to natural experiments to draw causal inferences with observational data. Recently, the regression discontinuity design (RD) has become a popular type of natural experiment due to its relatively weak assumptions. We study a special type of regression discontinuity design where the discontinuity in treatment assignment is geographic. In this design, which we call the Geographic Regression Discontinuity (GRD) design, a geographic or administrative boundary splits units into treated and control areas, and analysts make the case that the division into treated and control areas occurs in an as-if random fashion. We show how this design is equivalent to a standard RD with two running variables, but we also clarify several methodological differences that arise in geographical contexts. We also offer a method for estimation of geographically located treatment effects that can also be used to validate the identification assumptions using observable pretreatment characteristics. We illustrate our methodological framework with a re-examination of the effects of political advertisements on voter turnout during a presidential campaign, exploiting the exogenous variation in the volume of presidential ads that is created by media market boundaries.","2015-01-01","2015-01-15 20:32:08","2015-01-15 20:32:08","2015-01-15 20:32:08","127-155","","1","23","","Political Analysis","","","","","","","","en","","","","","pan.oxfordjournals.org","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Keele_Titiunik_2015_(Geographic Boundaries as Regression Discontinuities).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GUKCAK9N","journalArticle","2004","Olcott, Martha","Vladimir Putin and the Geopolitics of Oil","Rice","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2014-09-04 18:31:54","","","","October","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GURM8P2B","journalArticle","2008","Stephan, Maria J.; Chenoweth, Erica","Why Civil Resistance Works: The Strategic Logic of Nonviolent Conflict","International Security","","","","http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/isec.2008.33.1.7","The historical record indicates that nonviolent campaigns have been more successful than armed campaigns in achieving ultimate goals in political struggles, even when used against similar opponents and in the face of repression. Nonviolent campaigns are more likely to win legitimacy, attract widespread domestic and international support, neutralize the opponent's security forces, and compel loyalty shifts among erstwhile opponent supporters than are armed campaigns, which enjoin the active support of a relatively small number of people, offer the opponent a justification for violent counterattacks, and are less likely to prompt loyalty shifts and defections. An original, aggregate data set of all known major nonviolent and violent resistance campaigns from 1900 to 2006 is used to test these claims. These dynamics are further explored in case studies of resistance campaigns in Southeast Asia that have featured periods of both violent and nonviolent resistance.","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","","7–44","","1","33","","","Why Civil Resistance Works","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GUXPIDRP","book","1989","Taylor, C.","Sources of the self: The making of the modern identity","","","","","","","1989","2012-05-06 14:36:06","2014-09-04 20:26:58","","","","","","","","Sources of the self","","","","","Harvard University Press","Cambridge, MA","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GV46VU82","journalArticle","2012","Pattison, James","The legitimacy of the military, private military and security companies, and just war theory","European Journal of Political Theory","","1474-8851, 1741-2730","10.1177/1474885111425119","http://ept.sagepub.com/content/11/2/131","The legitimacy of the military is frequently overlooked in standard accounts of jus ad bellum. Accordingly, this paper considers how the military should be organized. It proposes a normative conception of legitimacy – the ‘Moderate Instrumentalist Approach’ – that outlines the qualities that a military should possess. It then assesses the three leading ways of organizing the military according to this approach: the use of private military and security companies (PMSCs), a conscripted force and the all-volunteer force (AVF). The paper argues that the AVF, despite some notable problems, is the most legitimate way of organizing the military.","2012-04-01","2013-11-15 09:03:03","2013-11-15 09:03:03","2013-11-15 09:03:03","131-154","","2","11","","European Journal of Political Theory","","","","","","","","en","","","","","ept.sagepub.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GVG69DFI","manuscript","2014","Patty, John W.","Working Towards Policy: A Theory of Organizational Implementation and Management","","","","","https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/content_link/LxFOW1QtASCNOc4aGt9ryhjXdmT0n5N7WZaKGaCwyQec66yyIgKhmWLzNHTb2Vgd","","2014","2014-10-15 22:45:16","2014-10-15 22:45:48","2014-10-15 22:42:24","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Patty_2014_(Working Towards Policy).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GVKN4J38","journalArticle","2006","Bennett, Andrew; Elman, Colin","Complex Causal Relations and Case Study Methods: The Example of Path Dependence","Political Analysis","","","","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org.proxy1.library.mcgill.ca/content/14/3/250","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2012-06-12","250–267","","3","14","","","Complex Causal Relations and Case Study Methods","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GVVR8SJC","journalArticle","2003","Busch, M. L.; Reinhardt, E.","Developing countries and general agreement on tariffs and trade/world trade organization dispute settlement","Journal of World Trade","","","","http://userwww.service.emory.edu/ erein/research/JWT.pdf","","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2012-11-07","719–736","","4","37","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GW2J9CIZ","journalArticle","1984","Manheim, J. B.; Albritton, R. B.","Changing national images: International public relations and media agenda setting","American Political Science Review","","","","","","1984","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","","641–657","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GWKGNUMN","journalArticle","1997","Noland, Marcus","Chasing Phantoms: The Political Economy of USTR","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2703608","During the last decade the U.S. government has taken numerous bilateral actions intended to reduce other countries' border or internal regulations that were said to restrict U.S. exports, investments, and property rights. Judging from the data for 1984 to 1993, the U.S. Trade Representative paid attention to countries with large bilateral trade surpluses with the United States, and to those with larger and faster-growing economies, and not particularly to those with higher trade barriers. The United States actually took greater action, on the other hand, toward those whose identifiable barriers were high. These patterns of behavior do not appear to vary by presidential administration. Japan received more bilateral pressure than its economic characteristics would appear to warrant, but little evidence indicates that this pressure has had its desired effects. The United States achieved greater change in countries whose economies were more dependent on the U.S. market and on issues covered by international rules.","1997","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2012-05-06","365–387","","3","51","","","Chasing Phantoms","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GWZADIDH","book","1995","Alexander, J.C.","Fin de Siecle Social Theory","","","","","","","1995","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:13:21","","","","","","","","","","","","","Verso","London","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GXD3IJPS","journalArticle","2007","Girma, Sourafel; Görg, Holger","Evaluating the foreign ownership wage premium using a difference-in-differences matching approach","Journal of International Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022199606001139","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2013-03-15","97–112","","1","72","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GZ65CKKZ","book","2002","Swank, D.","Global Capitalism, Political Institutions and Policy Change in Developed Welfare States","","","","","","","2002","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:26:53","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GZ7W3DKG","journalArticle","2007","Malhotra, Neil; Carnes, Matthew E.","Political Stability Under Uncertainty: Applying Bounded Rationality to the Study of Governance and Civil Conflict","British Journal of Political Science","","","","http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0007123408000033","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2012-06-21","","","01","38","","","Political Stability Under Uncertainty","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GZFFSZKJ","journalArticle","2015","Tokic, Damir","The 2014 oil bust: Causes and consequences","Energy Policy","","0301-4215","10.1016/j.enpol.2015.06.005","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421515002232","This article suggests that the 2014 oil price collapse was possibly triggered by the falling Euro versus the US Dollar. Specifically, the USD/EUR exchange rate likely adjusted to the sudden economic growth outlook divergence between the US and the EU, as evident by the relative short term interest rate spread measures, and triggered a “strong dollar” trade, which is negative for the crude oil prices. Thus, in our view, the 2014 oil price bust is another episode of oil price inefficiency, similar to the 2008 oil bubble. The key argument presented in this article is that, as long as there are temporary economic growth divergences between the US and the EU, the resulting exchange rate volatility is likely to create the pricing inefficiencies in crude oil, which in fact are mean-reverting, as the economic growth divergences eventually dissipate.","2015-10","2015-06-14 18:46:34","2015-06-14 18:46:34","2015-06-14 18:46:34","162-169","","","85","","Energy Policy","The 2014 oil bust","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Tokic_2015_(The 2014 oil bust).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GZQ2WJGU","journalArticle","2012","Desmarais, B.A.; Cranmer, S.J.","Statistical mechanics of networks: Estimation and uncertainty","Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications","","03784371","10.1016/j.physa.2011.10.018","http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378437111008168","","2012-02","2015-06-20 10:58:04","2015-06-20 10:58:04","2015-06-20 10:58:04","1865-1876","","4","391","","","Statistical mechanics of networks","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Desmarais_Cranmer_2012_(Statistical mechanics of networks).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GZW5CHHS","journalArticle","1981","Vernon, Raymond","Sovereignty at bay ten years after","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0020818300032562","","1981","2014-11-04 23:41:23","2014-11-07 17:19:54","2014-11-04 23:41:23","517–529","","03","35","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GZX894IG","book","2007","Chernetsky, Vitaly.","Mapping postcommunist cultures : Russia and Ukraine in the context of globalization","","0773531238","","","","","2007","2012-05-08 20:23:43","2014-09-04 20:22:19","","","","","","","","Mapping postcommunist cultures","","","","","McGill-Queen's University Press","Montreal","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Postmodernism (Literature) – Russia (Federation).; Postmodernism (Literature) – Ukraine.; Russian literature – 20th century\textbarxHistory and criticism.; Ukrainian literature – 20th century\textbarxHistory and criticism.","Postmodernism (Literature) -- Russia (Federation).; Postmodernism (Literature) -- Ukraine.; Russian literature -- 20th century|xHistory and criticism.; Ukrainian literature -- 20th century|xHistory and criticism.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "GZZAGZB6","book","1974","Becker, G. S.","Crime and punishment: An economic approach","","","","","http://www.nber.org/chapters/c3625.pdf","","1974","2014-09-04 18:32:03","2014-09-04 18:32:03","2012-09-06","","","","","","","Crime and punishment","","","","","UMI","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H27WZQ5G","journalArticle","2000","Doyle, Michael W.; Sambanis, Nicholas","International Peacebuilding: A Theoretical and Quantitative Analysis","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2586208","International peacebuilding can improve the prospects that a civil war will be resolved. Although peacebuilding strategies must be designed to address particular conflicts, broad parameters that fit most conflicts can be identified. Strategies should address the local roots of hostility, the local capacities for change, and the (net) specific degree of international commitment available to assist sustainable peace. One can conceive of these as the three dimensions of a triangle whose area is the ""political space""-or effective capacity-for building peace. We test these propositions with an extensive data set of 124 post-World War II civil wars and find that multilateral, United Nations peace operations make a positive difference. UN peacekeeping is positively correlated with democratization processes after civil war, and multilateral enforcement operations are usually successful in ending the violence. Our study provides broad guidelines for designing the appropriate peacebuilding strategy, given the mix of hostility, local capacities, and international capacities.","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2012-05-18","779–801","","4","94","","","International Peacebuilding","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H28XDAMF","journalArticle","1995","Mercer, J.","Anarchy and identity","International Organization","","","","","","1995","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:25:12","","229-252","","02","49","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H3P3H8XF","journalArticle","2000","Mansfield, Edward D.; Milner, Helen V.; Rosendorff, B. Peter","Free to Trade: Democracies, Autocracies, and International Trade","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2586014","Relatively little research has focused on whether countries' political institutions affect their international trade relations. We address this issue by analyzing the relationship between regime type and trade policy. In a formal model of commercial policy, we establish that the ratification responsibility of the legislature in democratic states leads pairs of democracies to set trade barriers at a lower level than mixed country-pairs (composed of an autocracy and a democracy). We test this hypothesis by analyzing the effects of regime type on trade during the period from 1960 to 1990. The results of this analysis accord with our argument: Democratic pairs have had much more open trade relations than mixed pairs.","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2012-11-17","305–321","","2","94","","","Free to Trade","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2000 American Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H3QX72R4","report","2010","NATO","Strategic Concept for the Defence and Security of the Members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization","","","","","","","2010","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2012-04-30 05:50:06","","11","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H3UAM3PF","journalArticle","2013","Mideksa, Torben K.","The economic impact of natural resources","Journal of Environmental Economics and Management","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S009506961200068X","","2013","2015-07-09 09:03:52","2015-07-09 09:03:52","2015-07-09 09:03:52","277–289","","2","65","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Mideksa_2013_(The economic impact of natural resources).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H42JPZFU","journalArticle","2015","Baccini, Leonardo; Pinto, Pablo M.; Weymouth, Stephen","The Dark Side of International Trade Agreements","","","","","http://wp.peio.me/wp-content/uploads/PEIO8/Baccini,%20Pinto,%20Weymouth%2013.1.2015.pdf","","2015","2015-02-27 23:33:27","2015-02-27 23:33:27","2015-02-27 23:33:27","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Baccini et al_2015_(The Dark Side of International Trade Agreements).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H4CBJRFX","journalArticle","2009","Helleiner, Eric","Division and Dialogue in Anglo-American IPE: A Reluctant Canadian View","New Political Economy","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13563460903087524","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","","377–383","","3","14","","","Division and Dialogue in Anglo-American IPE","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H4M4GWJB","journalArticle","2013","Mebane, Walter R.; Poast, Paul","Causal Inference without Ignorability: Identification with Nonrandom Assignment and Missing Treatment Data","Political Analysis","","","","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/content/21/2/233","How a treatment causes a particular outcome is a focus of inquiry in political science. When treatment data are either nonrandomly assigned or missing, the analyst will often invoke ignorability assumptions: that is, both the treatment and missingness are assumed to be as if randomly assigned, perhaps conditional on a set of observed covariates. But what if these assumptions are wrong? What if the analyst does not know why—or even if—a particular subject received a treatment? Building on Manski, Molinari offers an approach for calculating nonparametric identification bounds for the average treatment effect of a binary treatment under general missingness or nonrandom assignment. To make these bounds substantively more informative, Molinari's technique permits adding monotonicity assumptions (e.g., assuming that treatment effects are weakly positive). Given the potential importance of these assumptions, we develop a new Bayesian method for performing sensitivity analysis regarding them. This sensitivity analysis allows analysts to interpret the assumptions' consequences quantitatively and visually. We apply this method to two problems in political science, highlighting the method's utility for applied research.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2013-07-08","233–251","","2","21","","","Causal Inference without Ignorability","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H52EKSFC","book","2003","Skocpol, Theda","Diminished democracy: from membership to management in American civic life","","0806135328","","","","","2003","2012-09-06 16:28:01","2014-09-04 20:26:38","","","366","","","","","Diminished democracy","The Julian J. Rothbaum distinguished lecture series","v. 8","","","University of Oklahoma Press","Norman","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JK1764 .S544 2003","","","","","Civil society; Democracy; Political participation; United States","Civil society; Political participation; United States","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H58DWPDA","journalArticle","2004","Collier, Paul; Hoeffler, Anke","Greed and grievance in civil war","Oxford Economic Papers","","","","http://oep.oxfordjournals.org/content/56/4/563","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2012-09-06","563–595","","4","56","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H5EP93BD","journalArticle","2012","Dreher, Axel; Gassebner, Martin","Do IMF and World Bank programs induce government crises? An empirical analysis","International Organization","","","","http://economics.soc.uoc.gr/macro/11conf/docs/Gassebner.pdf","","2012","2014-09-04 18:32:03","2014-09-04 18:32:03","2013-02-25","329–358","","02","66","","","Do IMF and World Bank programs induce government crises?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H5JQUS7Q","journalArticle","1987","Lund, William R.","Tragedy and Education in the State of Nature: Hobbes on Time and the will","Journal of the History of Ideas","","","","","","1987","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","","393–410","","3","48","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H5VD8C3U","journalArticle","2012","Haynes, K.","Lame Ducks and Coercive Diplomacy: Do Executive Term Limits Reduce the Effectiveness of Democratic Threats?","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","0022-0027, 1552-8766","10.1177/0022002712445739","http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/56/5/771/suppl/DC1","","2012-05-17","2013-03-17 04:40:34","2014-09-04 20:23:41","2013-03-17 04:40:34","771-798","","5","56","","","Lame Ducks and Coercive Diplomacy","","","","","","","","","","","","CrossRef","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H5Z8DIZ9","journalArticle","2010","Bejan, Teresa M.","Teaching the Leviathan: Thomas Hobbes on education","Oxford Review of Education","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","","607–626","","5","36","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H66BRTWP","journalArticle","1991","Phillips-Patrick, Frederick J.","Political risk and organizational form","Journal of Law and Economics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/725362","","1991","2014-11-04 21:12:45","2014-11-04 21:12:45","2014-11-04 21:12:45","675–693","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H6QDWWV9","report","2010","Dreher, Axel; Klasen, Stephan; Vreeland, James Raymond; Werker, Eric","The Costs of Favoritism: Is Politically-Driven Aid Less Effective?","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1581342","As is now well documented, aid is given for both political as well as economic reasons. The conventional wisdom is that politically-motivated aid is less effective in promoting developmental objectives. We examine the ex-post performance ratings of World Bank projects and generally find that projects that are potentially politically motivated – such as those granted to governments holding a non-permanent seat on the United Nations Security Council or an Executive Directorship at the World Bank – are no more likely, on average, to get a negative quality rating than other projects. When aid is given to Security Council members with higher short-term debt, however, a negative quality rating is more likely. So we find evidence that World Bank project quality suffers as a consequence of political influence only when the recipient country is economically vulnerable in the first place.","2010-03-01","2014-11-24 20:12:21","2014-11-24 20:12:21","2014-11-24 20:12:21","","","","","","","The Costs of Favoritism","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Dreher et al_2010_(The Costs of Favoritism).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 1581342","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H72CT9RC","journalArticle","2013","Colgan, Jeff D.","Fueling the fire: pathways from oil to war","International Security","","","","http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/ISEC_a_00135","","2013","2015-02-02 02:08:25","2015-02-02 02:08:25","2015-02-02 02:08:25","147–180","","2","38","","","Fueling the fire","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H76SPUAT","conferencePaper","2010","Tumasjan, A.; Sprenger, T. O.; Sandner, P. G.; Welpe, I. M.","Predicting elections with twitter: What 140 characters reveal about political sentiment","Proceedings of the Fourth International AAAI Conference on Weblogs and Social Media","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","","178–185","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H7AGS5SH","journalArticle","2012","Tonkin, E.; Pfeiffer, H. D.; Tourte, G.","Twitter, information sharing and the London riots?","Bulletin of the American Society for Information Science and Technology","","","","","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","","49–57","","2","38","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H7EH2KXT","book","2012","Svolik, Milan W.","The politics of authoritarian rule","","","","","","""What drives politics in dictatorships? Milan W. Svolik argues authoritarian regimes must resolve two fundamental conflicts. Dictators face threats from the masses over which they rule - the problem of authoritarian control. Secondly from the elites with whom dictators rule - the problem of authoritarian power-sharing. Using the tools ofgame theory, Svolik explains why some dictators establish personal autocracy and stay in power for decades; why elsewhere leadership changes are regular and institutionalized, as in contemporary China; why some dictatorships are ruled by soldiers, as Uganda was under Idi Amin; why many authoritarian regimes, such as PRI-era Mexico, maintain regime-sanctioned political parties; and why a country's authoritarian past casts a long shadow over its prospects for democracy, as the unfolding events of the Arab Spring reveal. Svolik complements these and other historical case studies with the statistical analysis on institutions, leaders and ruling coalitions across dictatorships from 1946 to 2008""--","2012","2015-12-09 20:37:20","2015-12-09 20:38:00","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JC480 .S87 2012","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H7WP8J87","book","2003","Kim, Younkyoo.","The resource curse in a post-communist regime : Russia in comparative perspective","","0754609634","","","","","2003","2012-05-10 18:29:52","2014-09-04 20:24:31","","","","","","","","The resource curse in a post-communist regime","","","","","Ashgate","Aldershot","","","","","","search8.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Capitalism – Russia (Federation); Post-communism – Russia (Federation); Russia (Federation) – Economic conditions\textbary1991-","Capitalism -- Russia (Federation); Post-communism -- Russia (Federation); Russia (Federation) -- Economic conditions|y1991-","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H7ZJBHGX","thesis","2009","Humphrey, Charles","Hidden action or hidden strategy: China's control of its national oil companies","","","","","http://search.proquest.com/docview/305065638/abstract/48AF6559931643E7PQ/1?accountid=11091","China's rapid economic growth has been accompanied by parallel growth in energy demand, particularly in demand for oil. Due to political and economic constraints on domestic reform, the CPC has focused on the international dimension through the creation of vertically integrated national oil companies. The foreign investments of these companies have become increasingly controversial due to the high levels of political and financial support afforded them by the CPC. I measure control by employing a model of institutional constraints on state-owned enterprises in conjunction with a managerial variant of Principal Agent theory well suited to political analyses. I conclude that the combination of institutional overlap, the process which led to the formation of the CNOCs as they currently exist and the current overseas activities of the CNOCs all demonstrate that the CPC is in control of the CNOCs.","2009","2014-11-24 21:05:35","2014-11-24 21:05:35","2014-11-24 21:05:35","","115","","","","","Hidden action or hidden strategy","","","","","Dalhousie University (Canada)","Canada","English","Copyright ProQuest, UMI Dissertations Publishing 2009","M.A.","","","ProQuest","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Humphrey_2009_(Hidden action or hidden strategy).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H92SG98B","report","2006","Monaghan, Andrew; Dufourcq, Jean; Ammour, Laurence","Energy Security What Role for NATO?","","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Energy; Energy Economics; Energy Policy; Energy Se","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","29","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H93ICJ22","journalArticle","2014","Musacchio, Aldo; Lazzarini, Sergio; Aguilera, Ruth","New Varieties of State Capitalism: Strategic and Governance Implications","The Academy of Management Perspectives","","","","http://amp.aom.org/content/early/2015/01/13/amp.2013.0094.2.short","","2014","2015-02-18 00:41:49","2015-02-18 00:41:49","2015-02-18 00:41:49","amp–2013","","","","","","New Varieties of State Capitalism","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H94HAHF3","journalArticle","2010","Bueno De Mesquita, Bruce; Smith, Alastair","Leader survival, revolutions, and the nature of government finance","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2010.00463.x/full","","2010","2015-07-16 09:12:47","2015-07-16 11:23:52","2015-07-16 09:12:47","936–950","","4","54","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Bueno De Mesquita_Smith_2010_(Leader survival, revolutions, and the nature of government finance).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H9EHQM8A","journalArticle","2014","Sovacool, Benjamin K.","What are we doing here? Analyzing fifteen years of energy scholarship and proposing a social science research agenda","Energy Research & Social Science","","2214-6296","10.1016/j.erss.2014.02.003","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214629614000073","Social science related disciplines, methods, concepts, and topics remain underutilized, and perhaps underappreciated, in contemporary energy studies research. To make this case, the article offers both quantitative and qualitative data. It begins with the quantitative part, providing a content analysis of 4444 research articles involving 9549 authors and 90,079 references (from a smaller subsample) published in three leading energy journals from 1999 to 2013. Within this vast sample, only 19.6 percent of authors reported training in any social science discipline, and less than 0.3 percent of authors reported disciplinary affiliations in areas such as history, psychology, anthropology, and communication studies. Only 12.6 percent of articles utilized qualitative methods and less than 5 percent of citations were to social science and humanities journals. The article then shifts to the qualitative part, where it proposes a variety of methodological and topical areas, along with 75 research questions, that could deepen and broaden energy research, connected in part to all of the articles in this special (inaugural) issue of Energy Research & Social Science (ERSS). Readers from all disciplines are encouraged to read it—especially the parts dealing with areas and concepts outside of their own areas of expertise.","2014-03","2014-11-29 04:03:04","2014-11-29 04:03:04","2014-11-29 04:03:04","1-29","","","1","","Energy Research & Social Science","What are we doing here?","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Sovacool_2014_(What are we doing here).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H9F8C5QG","journalArticle","2013","Jackson, Patrick Thaddeus; Nexon, Daniel H.","International theory in a post-paradigmatic era: From substantive wagers to scientific ontologies","European Journal of International Relations","","1354-0661, 1460-3713","10.1177/1354066113495482","http://ejt.sagepub.com/content/19/3/543","Concerns about the end of International Relations theory pivot around at least three different issues: the fading of the ‘paradigm wars’ associated with the 1990s and early 2000s; the general lack of any sort of ‘great debate’ sufficient to occupy the attention of large portions of the field; and claims about the vibrancy of middle-range theorizing. None of these are terribly helpful when it comes to assessing the health of International Relations theory. We argue that international theory involves scientific ontologies of world politics: topographies of entities, processes, mechanisms, and how they relate to one another. Understood this way, the state of International Relations theory looks strong: there is arguably more out there than ever before. Ironically, this cornucopia helps explain concerns regarding the end of International Relations theory. In the absence of a ‘great debate,’ let alone ways of organizing contemporary International Relations theory, this diversity descends into cacophony. We submit that three major clusters of international theory are emerging: choice-theoretic, experience-near, and social-relational. These clusters map onto two major axes of contention: (1) the degree that actors should be treated as autonomous from their environment; and (2) the importance of thickly contextual analysis. These disputes are both field-wide and high-stakes, even if we do not always recognize them as such.","2013-09-01","2013-09-06 11:14:01","2013-09-06 11:14:01","2013-09-06 11:14:01","543-565","","3","19","","European Journal of International Relations","International theory in a post-paradigmatic era","","","","","","","en","","","","","ejt.sagepub.com","","","","","","","choice-theoretical; experience-near; great debates; international relations theory; paradigms; scientific ontology; social-relational","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H9TB9U56","newspaperArticle","2014","Bevins, Vincent; Richter, Paul; Bennett, Brian","Petrobras corruption case overshadows Brazil presidential campaign","Los Angeles Times","","0458-3035","","http://www.latimes.com/world/brazil/la-fg-ff-brazil-campaign-finance-20141024-story.html","","2014-10-24","2014-12-14 04:47:48","2014-12-14 16:15:28","2014-12-14 04:47:48","","","","","","","","","","","","","","en-US","","","","","LA Times","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/7FMUCB43/la-fg-ff-brazil-campaign-finance-20141024-story.html","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "H9TC3K2N","journalArticle","2011","Terblanche, Nic S.","You cannot run or hide from social media-ask a politician","Journal of Public Affairs","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-09-04 18:31:47","","156–167","","3","11","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HA64MIS2","journalArticle","2013","Goemans, Hein; Spaniel, William","Multi-Method Research: The Case for Formal Theory","University of Rochester Working Paper","","","","","","2013","2015-03-14 22:34:07","2015-03-14 22:34:52","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Goemans_Spaniel_2013_(Multi-Method Research).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HA6MVCQ9","journalArticle","1994","Epstein, David; O'halloran, Sharyn","Administrative procedures, information, and agency discretion","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2111603","","1994","2015-03-18 02:45:55","2015-03-18 02:45:55","2015-03-18 02:45:55","697–722","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1994/Epstein_O'halloran_1994_(Administrative procedures, information, and agency discretion).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HA8GTS4J","journalArticle","2011","Rathbun, Brian C.","Before Hegemony : Generalized Trust and the Creation and Design of International Security Organizations","International Organization","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2014-09-04 18:31:52","","243–273","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HAA6DN3U","journalArticle","2002","Chernoff, Fred","Scientific Realism as a Meta-Theory of International Politics","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3096068","The recent increase in interest in scientific realist foundations for international relations theory, spearheaded by Wendt in various works, most fully articulated in his Social Theory of International Politics, and supported by a number of other authors, has brought to the fore a set of related issues in the philosophy of the social sciences. The advocacy of scientific realism in the international relations literature has largely taken the form of attacks on various nonscientific realist foundational theories. Consequently, the success of the arguments for scientific realism depends in large measure on the accuracy of the characterizations of the competing views. This paper argues that Wendt and others have misrepresented the challengers and have thus overstated the superiority of scientific realism. The paper further considers the aims and purposes of providing meta-theoretical foundations for IR theories, and argues that when the alternative accounts are properly described, the purposes are better satisfied by the latter and, in particular, by a version of Duhemian conventionalism.","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","","189–207","","2","46","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2002 The International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HAAVCN9Z","journalArticle","2012","Child, John; Rodrigues, Suzana B.; Tse, Kenneth K.-T.","The Dynamics of Influence in Corporate Co-Evolution","Journal of Management Studies","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2012.01057.x/full","","2012","2015-02-18 01:19:38","2015-02-18 01:19:38","2015-02-18 01:19:38","1246–1273","","7","49","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HBA9Z66M","journalArticle","2010","Norris, William J.","A Theoretical Framework for Understanding the Relationship Between Economics and National Security Draft Paper Presented at","World Politics","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HBAFN8N2","journalArticle","2011","Gurses, Mehmet","Elites, Oil, and Democratization: A Survival Analysis*","Social Science Quarterly","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-6237.2011.00762.x/full","","2011","2015-07-16 09:30:34","2015-07-16 09:32:46","2015-07-16 09:30:34","164–184","","1","92","","","Elites, Oil, and Democratization","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Gurses_2011_(Elites, Oil, and Democratization).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HBE9ZUIM","webpage","2014","","The largest foreign investment deals made in the Canadian energy industry","Alberta Oil","","","","http://www.albertaoilmagazine.com/2014/10/foreign-funding/","A top ten list of foreign takeovers and investments","2014-10-01","2014-12-12 17:20:57","2014-12-14 16:18:33","2014-12-12 17:20:57","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HC29D8C7","journalArticle","2004","Wendt, Alexander","The State as Person in International Theory","Review of International Studies","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/20097917","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2012-11-01","289–316","","2","30","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2004 Cambridge University Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HCE95A6I","journalArticle","2002","Bielecki, J.","Energy security: is the wolf at the door?","The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance","","","","","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","","235–250","","2","42","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","demand restraint; diversity of supply; elasticity; emergency response; energy efficiency; energy security; fuel switching; market liberalization; oil and gas reserves; oil crisis; oil market; oil stocks; price; Security of supply; spare capacity; surge production","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HCF2J2JU","journalArticle","2013","Katzenstein, Peter J.; Nelson, Stephen C.","Reading the right signals and reading the signals right: IPE and the financial crisis of 2008","Review of International Political Economy","","0969-2290, 1466-4526","10.1080/09692290.2013.804854","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09692290.2013.804854","","2013-10","2015-03-25 20:19:34","2015-03-25 20:19:34","2015-03-25 20:19:34","1101-1131","","5","20","","","Reading the right signals and reading the signals right","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Katzenstein_Nelson_2013_(Reading the right signals and reading the signals right).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HCGBSPH5","journalArticle","2010","Da Conceicao, E.","Who controls whom? Dynamics of power delegation and agency losses in EU trade politics","Journal of Common Market Studies","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-5965.2010.02086.x/full","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2013-01-31","1107–1126","","4","48","","","Who controls whom?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HCIARSMW","journalArticle","2012","DiMuzio, Tim","Capitalizing a future unsustainable: Finance, energy and the fate of market civilization","Review of International Political Economy","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09692290.2011.570604","ABSTRACT Liberal capitalist polities are being held up as the ultimate civilizational achievement precisely at a point in time when the energy-demanding built environments and growth imperatives of these societies are threatened by global climate change and the coming end of cheap and abundant carbon energy. Throughout the twentieth century, this pattern of energy-intensive social reproduction was largely shaped by the oil and gas sector creating what I call a petro-market civilization. However, given the challenges presented by peak oil and global warming, transitioning to a low-carbon or green energy future has gathered increasing attention and investment. In this paper, I use a power theory of value approach to offer a preliminary assessment of whether this transition is likely given the entrenched power of the oil and gas sector in the economy. Although the twenty-first century may bear witness to a renewable and sustainable energy paradigm, current evidence suggests that investors are continuing to capitalize an unsustainable future premised upon non-renewable fossil fuels.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2012-09-21","363–388","","3","19","","","Capitalizing a future unsustainable","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HCKVSRTX","journalArticle","1995","Laitin, D. D; Caporaso, J. A.","The Qualitative-Quantitative Disputation: Gary King, Robert O. Keohane, and Sidney Verba's Designing Social Inquiry: Scientific Inference in Qualitative Research","American Political Science Review","","","","","","1995","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","","454–456","","2","89","","","The Qualitative-Quantitative Disputation","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HD34FVZE","book","2008","Cohen, Benjamin J.","International Political Economy: An Intellectual History","","069113569X","","","","The field of international political economy gained prominence in the early 1970s--when the Arab oil embargo and other crises ended the postwar era of virtually unhindered economic growth in the United States and Europe--and today is an essential part of both political science and economics. This book offers the first comprehensive examination of this important field's development, the contrasting worldviews of its American and British schools, and the different ways scholars have sought to meet the challenges posed by an ever more complex and interdependent world economy. Benjamin Cohen explains the critical role played by the early ""intellectual entrepreneurs,"" a generation of pioneering scholars determined to bridge the gap between international economics and international politics. Among them were brilliant thinkers like Robert Keohane, Susan Strange, and others whose legacies endure to the present day. Cohen shows how their personalities and the historical contexts in which they worked influenced how the field evolved. He examines the distinctly different insights of the American and British schools and addresses issues that have been central to the field's development, including systemic transformation, system governance, and the place of the sovereign state in formal analysis. The definitive intellectual history of international political economy, this book is the ideal volume for IPE scholars and those interested in learning more about the field.","2008","2015-04-20 13:52:51","2015-04-20 13:52:59","","","235","","","","","International Political Economy","","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton NJ","en","","","","","Google Books","","","","","https://books.google.com/books?id=H79WVDwMzCEC","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HDAQT6KI","journalArticle","2011","Pelc, Krzysztof J.","Why Do Some Countries Get Better WTO Accession Terms Than Others","International Organization","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","","639–672","","","65","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HE5J5KPE","journalArticle","2014","Golder, Matt; Golder, Sona N.; Siegel, David A.","Response to Martin and Vanberg: Evaluating a Stochastic Model of Government Formation","The Journal of Politics","","","10.1017/S002238161400053X","","In a 2012 Journal of Politics article, we presented a zero-intelligence model of government formation. Our intent was to provide a “null” model of government formation, a baseline upon which other models could build. We made two claims regarding aggregate government formation outcomes: first, that our model produces aggregate results on the distributions of government types, cabinet portfolios, and bargaining delays in government formation that compare favorably to those in the real world; and second, that these aggregate distributions vary in theoretically intuitive ways as the model parameters change. In this issue, Martin and Vanberg (MV) criticize our model on theoretical and empirical grounds. Here we not only show how MV’s evaluation of our model is flawed, but we also illustrate, using an analogy to common statistical practice, how one might properly attempt to falsify stochastic models such as ours at both the individual and the aggregate level.","2014","2014-09-08 20:17:12","2014-09-08 20:17:12","","880-886","","04","76","","","Response to Martin and Vanberg","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Golder et al_2014_(Response to Martin and Vanberg).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HEDT2KTR","journalArticle","2006","Goodrich, Ben","A Comment on ‘Rewarding Impatience’","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/production/action/cjoGetFulltext?fulltextid=430735","","2006","2013-10-10 12:53:05","2013-10-10 12:53:05","2013-10-10 12:53:05","499–513","","2","60","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HEJKED8D","thesis","2008","Harriman, David","Energy is What States Make of it","","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2014-09-04 18:31:52","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HF96K8U9","bookSection","2014","Hendrix, Cullen S.; Noland, Marcus","Natural Resources and Economic Performance","Confronting the curse: the economics and geopolitics of natural resource governance","","","","http://www.piie.com/publications/chapters_preview/6765/02iie6765.pdf","","2014","2015-01-29 01:02:18","2015-01-29 01:25:43","","9-26","","","","","","","","","","","Peterson Institute for International Economics","Washington, DC","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HC85 .N65 2014","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Hendrix_Noland_2014_(Natural Resources and Economic Performance).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HF9RME7I","journalArticle","2014","Adler-Nissen, Rebecca; Pouliot, Vincent","Power in Practice: Negotiating the International Intervention in Libya","European Journal of International Relations","","1354-0661, 1460-3713","10.1177/1354066113512702","http://ejt.sagepub.com/content/early/2014/01/29/1354066113512702","How does power work in practice? Much of the ‘stuff’ that state agents and other international actors do, on an everyday basis, remains impenetrable to existing International Relations theory. This is unfortunate, as the everyday performance of international practices actually helps shape world policy outcomes. In this article, we develop a framework to grasp the concrete workings of power in international politics. The notion of ‘emergent power’ bridges two different understandings of power: as capability or relation. Emergent power refers to the generation and deployment of endogenous resources — social skills and competences — generated in particular practices. The framework is illustrated with an in-depth analysis of the multilateral diplomatic process that led to the 2011 international intervention in Libya. Through a detailed account of the negotiations at the United Nations, North Atlantic Treaty Organization, and the European Union, the article demonstrates how, in practice, state representatives translate their skills into actual influence and generate a power politics that eschews structural analysis. We argue that seemingly trivial struggles over diplomatic competence within these three multilateral organizations played a crucial role in the intervention in Libya. A focus on practice resituates existing approaches to power and influence in International Relations, demonstrating that, in practice, power also emerges locally from social contexts.","2014-01-29","2014-09-19 16:37:40","2014-09-19 16:37:40","2014-09-19 16:37:40","1354066113512702","","","","","European Journal of International Relations","Power in Practice","","","","","","","en","","","","","ejt.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Adler-Nissen_Pouliot_2014_(Power in Practice).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HFKHJWWJ","book","2009","","Measuring identity : a guide for social scientists","","9780521518185","","","","","2009","2012-05-09 15:01:52","2014-09-04 20:12:52","","","","","","","","Measuring identity","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Group; identity.","Group identity.","Abdelal, Rawi; Herrera, Y. M.; Johnston, A. I.; McDermott, R.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HFX8QDQM","book","1999","Powell, Robert","In the Shadow of Power: States and Strategies in International Politics","","0691004560","","","","","1999","2012-05-05 13:24:19","2014-09-04 20:25:49","","","310","","","","","In the Shadow of Power","","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton, N.J","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JZ1242 .P68 1999","","","","","International; Relations","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HG62CR2T","journalArticle","2008","Vreeland, J. R.","Political institutions and human rights: Why dictatorships enter into the United Nations Convention Against Torture","International Organization","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2014-09-04 18:31:48","","65","","1","62","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HGEFDIRU","journalArticle","2013","Bó, Ernesto Dal; Finan, Frederico; Rossi, Martín A.","Strengthening State Capabilities: The Role of Financial Incentives in the Call to Public Service*","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","","","http://qje.oxfordjournals.org/content/128/3/1169","We study a recent recruitment drive for public sector positions in Mexico. Different salaries were announced randomly across recruitment sites, and job offers were subsequently randomized. Screening relied on exams designed to measure applicants' intellectual ability, personality, and motivation. This allows the first experimental estimates of (1) the role of financial incentives in attracting a larger and more qualified pool of applicants, (2) the elasticity of the labor supply facing the employer, and (3) the role of job attributes (distance, attractiveness of the municipal environment) in helping fill vacancies, as well as the role of wages in helping fill positions in less attractive municipalities. A theoretical model of job applications and acceptance guides the empirical inquiry. We find that higher wages attract more able applicants as measured by their IQ, personality, and proclivity toward public sector work—that is, we find no evidence of adverse selection effects on motivation; higher wage offers also increased acceptance rates, implying a labor supply elasticity of around 2 and some degree of monopsony power. Distance and worse municipal characteristics strongly decrease acceptance rates, but higher wages help bridge the recruitment gap in worse municipalities. JEL Code: H1.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2013-07-08","1169–1218","","3","128","","","Strengthening State Capabilities","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HGNM7J8B","journalArticle","2010","Yegorov, Yuri; Wirl, Franz","Gas transit, geopolitics and emergence of games with application to CIS countries","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1560563","","2010","2015-02-02 02:11:53","2015-02-02 02:11:53","2015-02-02 02:11:53","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Yegorov_Wirl_2010_(Gas transit, geopolitics and emergence of games with application to CIS).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HGXQQSR4","journalArticle","2003","Li, Quan; Resnick, Adam","Reversal of Fortunes: Democratic Institutions and Foreign Direct Investment Inflows to Developing Countries","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3594829","Does increased democracy promote or jeopardize foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows to less-developed countries? We argue that democratic institutions have conflicting effects on FDI inflows. On the one hand, democratic institutions hinder FDI inflows by limiting the oligopolistic or monopolistic behaviors of multinational enterprises, facilitating indigenous businesses' pursuit of protection from foreign capital, and constraining host governments' ability to offer generous financial and fiscal incentives to foreign investors. On the other hand, democratic institutions promote FDI inflows because they tend to ensure more credible property rights protection, reducing risks and transaction costs for foreign investors. Hence, the net effect of democracy on FDI inflows is contingent on the relative strength of these two competing forces. Our argument reconciles conflicting theoretical expectations in the existing literature. Empirical analyses of fifty-three developing countries from 1982 to 1995 substantiate our claims. We find that both property rights protection and democracy-related property rights protection encourage FDI inflows; after controlling for their positive effect through property rights protection, democratic institutions reduce FDI inflows. These results are robust against alternative model specifications, statistical estimators, and variable measurements.","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2012-05-06","175–211","","1","57","","","Reversal of Fortunes","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HI7GP2PE","journalArticle","2012","Guthrie, Doug","China's Regulatory State: A New Strategy for Globalization. ROSELYN HSUEH. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2011. xvi + 303 pp., $75.00. ISBN 978-0-8014-7743-0","The China Quarterly","","0305-7410, 1468-2648","10.1017/S0305741012000537","http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0305741012000537","","2012-06","2015-05-04 18:33:51","2015-05-04 18:33:51","2015-05-04 18:33:51","506-508","","","210","","","China's Regulatory State","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Guthrie_2012_(China's Regulatory State).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HJ7J9HB8","journalArticle","2014","Månsson, André","Energy, conflict and war: Towards a conceptual framework","Energy Research & Social Science","","2214-6296","10.1016/j.erss.2014.10.004","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214629614001170","It is widely recognised that the presence of some fossil fuels and their transport routes can affect the risk of conflicts. Other parts of the energy system and contextual conditions (social, economic or political factors) also matter for such conflicts, but which and how is not as well researched. This paper develops a framework that links characteristics of energy systems with contextual conditions that if combined increases the risk of conflict. The framework also provides a brief theoretical background as well as examples of previous energy conflicts. Examples of energy system characteristic that can affect the risk of conflicts include geographical concentration of primary resources, the number and diversity of exporters on the international energy market, vulnerability of infrastructure to attacks, vulnerability of users to disruptions and externalities related to interconnections with other systems. Contextual conditions include, among other, the rationale of actors to engage in conflict under various circumstances. The capacity of humans and societies to adapt to change should be analysed together with the characteristics of the energy system that place stress on actors. The framework can serve as a tool to identify ‘hotspots’ and, develop more robust energy policies and strategies to anticipate and prevent conflicts.","2014-12","2014-11-29 04:03:34","2014-11-29 04:03:34","2014-11-29 04:03:34","106-116","","","4","","Energy Research & Social Science","Energy, conflict and war","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Mansson_2014_(Energy, conflict and war).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HJT43K6A","book","2005","Posner, Daniel N.","Institutions and ethnic politics in Africa","","","","","","","2005","2012-11-07 04:20:32","2014-09-04 20:25:46","","","337","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JQ2831 .P67 2005","","","","","Ethnic relations Political aspects; politics; Politics and government; practical; Zambia","Ethnic relations Political aspects; Politics and government; Politics, Practical; Zambia","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HJWX4USR","journalArticle","2006","Johnson, James","Consequences of Positivism A Pragmatist Assessment","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/39/2/224.short","","2006","2015-09-18 21:13:57","2015-09-18 21:13:57","2015-09-18 21:13:57","224–252","","2","39","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HKCTGA6S","bookSection","2001","Haas, Peter M.; Haas, Ernst B.","Pragmatic Constructivism and the Study of International Institutions","","","","","","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2014-09-04 18:31:48","","1–34","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HKXXTRHV","journalArticle","2000","Kitschelt, Herbert","Linkages Between Citizens and Politicians in Democratic Polities","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/33/6-7/845","Research on democratic party competition in the formal spatial tradition of Downs and the comparative-historical tradition of Lipset and Rokkan assumes that linkages of accountability and responsiveness between voters and political elites work through politicians' programmatic appeals and policy achievements. This ignores, however, alternative voter-elite linkages through the personal charisma of political leaders and, more important, selective material incentives in networks of direct exchange (clientelism). In light of the diversity of linkage mechanisms appearing in new democracies and changing linkages in established democracies, this article explores theories of linkage choice. It first develops conceptual definitions of charismatic, clientelist, and programmatic linkages between politicians and electoral constituencies. It then asks whether politicians face a trade-off or mutual reinforcement in employing linkage mechanisms. The core section of the article details developmentalist, statist, institutional, political-economic, and cultural-ideological theories of citizen-elite linkage formation in democracies, showing that none of the theories is fully encompassing. The final section considers empirical measurement problems in comparative research on linkage.","2000","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2012-05-18","845–879","","6-7","33","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HM3J7GCS","journalArticle","1998","Munck, G. L.","Canons of research design in qualitative analysis","Studies in Comparative International Development (SCID)","","","","","","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","","18–45","","3","33","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HMSZG2PR","journalArticle","2006","Athey, Susan; Imbens, Guido W.","Identification and inference in nonlinear difference-in-differences models","Econometrica","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-0262.2006.00668.x/abstract","","2006","2015-02-02 23:05:25","2015-02-02 23:05:25","2015-02-02 23:05:25","431–497","","2","74","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2006/Athey_Imbens_2006_(Identification and inference in nonlinear difference-in-differences models).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HN9V9ISJ","journalArticle","2000","Portes, A.","Social capital: Its origins and applications in modern sociology","","","","","http://books.google.ca/books?hl=en&lr=&id=kQdKAf8-_yUC&oi=fnd&pg=PA43&dq=Social+Capital:+Its+Origins+and+Applications+in+Modern+Sociology&ots=3h5Bm6WUvW&sig=XdK0zBWSYrXKv2H5RgPdwzY1f0E","","2000","2012-09-06 16:25:43","2014-09-04 20:25:45","2012-09-06 16:25:43","43–67","","","","","","Social capital","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HNCCK2NP","journalArticle","2009","Germain, Randall D.","The ‘American’ school of IPE? A dissenting view","Review of International Political Economy","","0969-2290","10.1080/09692290802524133","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09692290802524133","ABSTRACT This article challenges three aspects of the ?American? school of international political economy (IPE) as presented by Benjamin Cohen and further elaborated by Dan Maliniak and Michael Tierney in this special issue. First, I question whether their depiction of the field is accurate. What they describe is not so much the ?American? school of IPE, but the ?Harvard? school. IPE in America is a rich and varied enterprise; not so the ?Harvard? school. Second, and unfortunately, IPE in America is also highly centralized and hierarchical, and this gives the ?Harvard? school enormous latitude to influence the self-depiction of the field and in some ways also its trajectory. This is not healthy, either for IPE scholarship in America or beyond. Finally, notwithstanding the power and authority of the ?Harvard? school, we outside of America cannot abandon IPE to its grip. My suggested course of action is to continue engaging with those of our colleagues (both within and outside of this school) who are receptive to the wide-ranging pursuit of knowledge and who recognize that IPE is a field defined by its subject matter rather than by its commitment to a particular methodology.","2009","2012-05-06 19:44:09","2012-05-06 19:44:09","","95-105","","1","16","","","The ‘American’ school of IPE?","","","","","","","","","","","","Taylor&Francis","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HNFDUCDZ","journalArticle","2004","Warwick, Paul","The Logic of Political Survival","Canadian Journal of Political Science/Revue canadienne de science politique","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","","1035–1036","","04","37","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HNG5ZS5S","report","2010","Frankel, Jeffrey A.","The natural resource curse: a survey","","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w15836","","2010","2013-10-09 20:46:08","2013-10-09 20:46:08","2013-10-09 20:46:08","","","","","","","The natural resource curse","","","","","National Bureau of Economic Research","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Resource Curse","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HNK8JPWJ","journalArticle","2011","Branch, J.","Mapping the Sovereign State: Technology, Authority, and Systemic Change","International Organization","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-09-04 18:31:35","","1–36","","01","65","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HP4AFKND","journalArticle","1979","Beck, Paul Allen","The electoral cycle and patterns of American politics","British Journal of Political Science","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/production/action/cjoGetFulltext?fulltextid=3262532","","1979","2013-03-17 04:21:16","2014-09-04 20:13:42","2013-03-17 04:21:16","129–156","","2","9","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HP4EK37B","journalArticle","2008","Mansfield, E. D.; Reinhardt, E.","International institutions and the volatility of international trade","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/40071892","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2012-11-07","621–652","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HP4N8898","journalArticle","2010","Lake, David A.","Two Cheers for Bargaining Theory","International Security","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","","7–52","","3","35","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HPB92WFS","bookSection","2004","Lipsey, Robert E.","Home-and host-country effects of foreign direct investment","Challenges to globalization: Analyzing the economics","","","","http://www.nber.org/chapters/c9543.pdf","","2004","2014-11-04 22:46:13","2014-11-04 22:46:13","2014-11-04 22:46:13","333–382","","","","","","","","","","","University of Chicago Press","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2004/Lipsey_2004_(Home-and host-country effects of foreign direct investment).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HPFS7UXF","journalArticle","2012","Groh, M.; Rothschild, C.","Oil, Islam, Women, and Geography: A Comment on Ross (2008)","Quarterly Journal of Political Science","","","","http://www.qjps.com/getpdf.aspx?doi=100.00011036&product=QJPS","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2013-02-06","69–87","","1","7","","","Oil, Islam, Women, and Geography","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HPK679CW","journalArticle","2006","Arceneaux, Kevin; Gerber, Alan S.; Green, Donald P.","Comparing Experimental and Matching Methods Using a Large-Scale Voter Mobilization Experiment","Political Analysis","","1047-1987, 1476-4989","10.1093/pan/mpj001","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/content/14/1/37","In the social sciences, randomized experimentation is the optimal research design for establishing causation. However, for a number of practical reasons, researchers are sometimes unable to conduct experiments and must rely on observational data. In an effort to develop estimators that can approximate experimental results using observational data, scholars have given increasing attention to matching. In this article, we test the performance of matching by gauging the success with which matching approximates experimental results. The voter mobilization experiment presented here comprises a large number of observations (60,000 randomly assigned to the treatment group and nearly two million assigned to the control group) and a rich set of covariates. This study is analyzed in two ways. The first method, instrumental variables estimation, takes advantage of random assignment in order to produce consistent estimates. The second method, matching estimation, ignores random assignment and analyzes the data as though they were nonexperimental. Matching is found to produce biased results in this application because even a rich set of covariates is insufficient to control for preexisting differences between the treatment and control group. Matching, in fact, produces estimates that are no more accurate than those generated by ordinary least squares regression. The experimental findings show that brief paid get-out-the-vote phone calls do not increase turnout, while matching and regression show a large and significant effect.","2006-12-21","2014-11-28 15:33:32","2014-11-28 15:33:32","2014-11-28 15:33:32","37-62","","1","14","","Political Analysis","","","","","","","","en","","","","","pan.oxfordjournals.org","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HPWCESS5","journalArticle","2014","Shea, Patrick E.","Financing Victory Sovereign Credit, Democracy, and War","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","0022-0027, 1552-8766","10.1177/0022002713478567","http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/58/5/771","With access to inexpensive credit, states can finance wars without overburdening their constituents, and face relatively small short-term costs compared to states with poor credit access. As a result of these economic benefits, states with lower credit costs will be more likely to win their wars, ceteris paribus. However, lower borrowing costs provide states domestic political benefits, which I argue are more important for democracies than nondemocracies. Since expensive credit forces states to rely on its citizens for revenue, governments that are more sensitive to their citizens’ preferences are at a disadvantage. In sum, I argue that democracies are more sensitive to credit costs than authoritarian regimes. To test this theory, this article analyzes a data set of wars using logistic regressions and matching techniques, and examines the case of the Chaco War. The results demonstrate that the costs of borrowing have a substantial effect on war outcomes, and that these costs are more important for democracies than nondemocracies.","2014-08-01","2014-09-08 20:34:47","2014-09-08 20:34:47","2014-09-08 20:34:47","771-795","","5","58","","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","","","","","en","","","","","jcr.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Shea_2014_(Financing Victory Sovereign Credit, Democracy, and War).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HQ4BZNH4","journalArticle","2012","Bergemann, Dirk; Morris, Stephen","Robust predictions in games with incomplete information","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2163606","","2012","2013-09-17 10:02:34","2013-09-17 10:02:34","2013-09-17 10:02:34","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Bargaining","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HQ4TXJRA","journalArticle","1992","Wendt, Alexander","Anarchy is what States Make of it: The Social Construction of Power Politics","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2706858","The claim that international institutions can transform state interests is central to neoliberal challenges to the realist assumption that ""process"" (interaction and learning among states) cannot fundamentally affect system ""structure"" (anarchy and the distribution of capabilities). Systematic development of this claim, however, has been hampered by the neoliberals' commitment to rational choice theory, which treats interests as exogenously given and thus offers only a weak form of institutional analysis. A growing body of international relations scholarship points to ways in which the identities and interests of states are socially constructed by knowledgeable practice. This article builds a bridge between this scholarship and neoliberalism by developing a theory of identity- and interest-formation in support of the neoliberal claim that international institutions can transform state interests. Its substantive focus is the realist view that anarchies are necessarily self-help systems, which justifies disinterest in processes of identity- and interest-formation. Self-help is a function not of anarchy but of process and, as such, is itself an institution that determines the meaning of anarchy and the distribution of power for state action. The article concludes with an examination of how this institution can be transformed by practices of sovereignty, by an evolution of cooperation, and by critical strategic practice.","1992","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2012-11-01","391–425","","2","46","","","Anarchy is what States Make of it","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1992 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HQEFTJA4","journalArticle","1990","Milgrom, Paul R.; North, Douglass C.; Weingast*, Barry R.","The Role of Institutions in the Revival of Trade: The Law Merchant, Private Judges, and the Champagne Fairs","Economics & Politics","","1468-0343","10.1111/j.1468-0343.1990.tb00020.x","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-0343.1990.tb00020.x/abstract","A good reputation can be an effective bond for honest behavior in a community of traders if members of the community know how others have behaved in the past – even if any particular pair of traders meets only infrequently. In a large community, it would be impossibly costly for traders to be perfectly informed about each other's behavior, but there exist institutions that can restore the effectiveness of a reputation system using much less extensive information. The system of judges used to enforce commercial law before the rise of the state was such an institution, and it successfully encouraged merchants (1) to behave honestly, (2) to impose sanctions on violators, (3) to become adequately informed about how others had behaved, (4) to provide evidence against violators of the code, and (5) to pay any judgments assessed against them, even though each of these behaviors might be personally costly.","1990","2014-02-06 21:31:48","2014-02-06 21:31:48","2014-02-06 21:31:48","1–23","","1","2","","","The Role of Institutions in the Revival of Trade","","","","","","","en","","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HQRQ77QF","journalArticle","2012","Brülhart, Marius; Carrère, Céline; Trionfetti, Federico","How wages and employment adjust to trade liberalization: Quasi-experimental evidence from Austria","Journal of International Economics","","0022-1996","10.1016/j.jinteco.2011.08.010","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022199611001061","We study the response of regional employment and nominal wages to trade liberalization, exploiting the natural experiment provided by the opening of Central and Eastern European markets after the fall of the Iron Curtain in 1990. Using data for Austrian municipalities, we examine differential pre- and post-1990 wage and employment growth rates between regions bordering the formerly communist economies and interior regions. If the ‘border regions’ are defined narrowly, within a band of less than 50 km, we can identify statistically significant liberalization effects on both employment and wages. While wages responded earlier than employment, the employment effect over the entire adjustment period is estimated to be around three times as large as the wage effect. The implied slope of the regional labor supply curve can be replicated in an economic geography model that features obstacles to labor migration due to immobile housing and to heterogeneous locational preferences.","2012-01","2013-11-15 10:48:09","2013-11-15 10:48:09","2013-11-15 10:48:09","68-81","","1","86","","Journal of International Economics","How wages and employment adjust to trade liberalization","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HQW8RUMF","journalArticle","1999","Ross, Michael L.","The political economy of the resource curse","World Politics","","","10.1017/S0043887100008200","","","1999","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2015-01-14 20:36:54","","297–322","","1","51","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HRHDZVSG","journalArticle","2014","Holmes, Marcus; Panagopoulos, Costas","The social brain paradigm and social norm puzzles","Journal of Theoretical Politics","","0951-6298, 1460-3667","10.1177/0951629813502710","http://jtp.sagepub.com/content/26/3/384","The use of neuroscience in political science inquiry has steadily increased over the last decade, yet many remain skeptical regarding its usefulness in explaining outcomes and solving puzzles. In this article we develop ramifications of the neuroscientific paradigm of the ‘social brain’ and critically assess its utility for political science. We argue that this model has promise in three distinct areas of research: challenging assumptions, clarifying conceptions, and specifying conditions. We then apply this theoretical framework to a specific puzzle in political science that transcends sub-field distinctions: social norm compliance. We argue that utilizing the social brain paradigm allows us to clarify precisely what social norms are at a physical level, challenge the underlying assumptions of current social norm research, and specify precise and testable conditions of compliance and non-compliance behavior. Ultimately we suggest that the social brain specifically and neuroscience generally offer much promise for political scientists, although scholars must be critical and careful in their justification and application of neuroscientific data.","2014-07-01","2014-09-08 20:36:41","2014-09-08 20:36:41","2014-09-08 20:36:41","384-404","","3","26","","Journal of Theoretical Politics","","","","","","","","en","","","","","jtp.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Holmes_Panagopoulos_2014_(The social brain paradigm and social norm puzzles).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HRKAIAQR","journalArticle","2012","Rogers, D.","The materiality of the corporation: Oil, gas, and corporate social technologies in the remaking of a Russian region","American Ethnologist","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1548-1425.2012.01364.x/full","","2012","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2012-10-04","284–296","","2","39","","","The materiality of the corporation","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HRN69H32","journalArticle","2014","Caron, Justin; Fally, Thibault; Markusen, James R.","International Trade Puzzles: A Solution Linking Production and Preferences","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","0033-5533, 1531-4650","10.1093/qje/qju010","http://qje.oxfordjournals.org/content/129/3/1501","International trade literature tends to focus heavily on the production side of general equilibrium, leaving us with a number of empirical puzzles. There is, for example, considerably less world trade than predicted by Heckscher-Ohlin-Vanek (HOV) models. Trade among rich countries is higher and trade between rich and poor countries lower than suggested by HOV and other supply-driven theories, and trade-to-GDP ratios are higher in rich countries. Our approach focuses on the relationship between characteristics of goods and services in production and characteristics of preferences. In particular, we find a strong and significant positive correlation of more than 45% between a good’s skilled-labor intensity and its income elasticity, even when accounting for trade costs and cross-country price differences. Exploring the implications of this correlation for empirical trade puzzles, we find that it can reduce HOV’s overprediction of the variance of the net factor content of trade relative to that in the data by about 60%. Since rich countries are relatively skilled-labor abundant, they are relatively specialized in consuming the same goods and services that they are specialized in producing, and so trade more with one another than with poor countries. We also find a positive sector-level correlation between income elasticity and a sector’s tradability, which helps explain the higher trade-to-GDP ratios in high-income relative to low-income countries. JEL Codes: F10, F16, O10.","2014-08-01","2014-09-19 15:46:05","2014-09-19 15:46:05","2014-09-19 15:46:05","1501-1552","","3","129","","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","International Trade Puzzles","","","","","","","en","","","","","qje.oxfordjournals.org","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Caron et al_2014_(International Trade Puzzles).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HRNWAK3C","journalArticle","2008","Holst, Hajo","The political economy of trade union strategies in Austria and Germany: the case of call centres","European Journal of Industrial Relations","","","","http://ejd.sagepub.com/content/14/1/25.short","","2008","2013-11-15 10:42:52","2013-11-15 10:42:52","2013-11-15 10:42:52","25–45","","1","14","","","The political economy of trade union strategies in Austria and Germany","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HRQ8BB8K","journalArticle","2014","Cheon, Andrew","Investing for Resources? An Analysis of National Oil Companies and Their Activities Abroad","SSRN Working Paper","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2455264","National oil companies (NOCs) have evolved beyond vestiges of an era of resource nationalism and assumed an international presence. Given that NOCs are generally inefficient entities, why are some governments more willing than others to allow their national oil companies to make expensive and often risky investments abroad? Instead of directly refuting neorealism or liberalism, my dissertation seeks to shift the debate towards problems of governance in the energy sector. While agreeing that geopolitical rationales matter, it posits that they serve as political cover for NOCs pursuing their own expansion. While sharing the liberal emphasis on institutional checks, it anticipates how institutions may also confer NOCs certain advantages in securing support for their investments. Even when there is opposition against investments within general policy-making institutions, NOCs can exploit competition among multiple sector-specific institutions in charge of energy policy implementation to overcome it. When there exists only one sector-specific institution, however, national oil companies are likely to have greater difficulty. I test this argument quantitatively and propose to explore the underlying mechanisms through a series of detailed case studies. This political economy approach helps us understand not only the varying frequency with which countries engage in large scale oil and gas investments, but also the politics among the actors driving these investments.","2014","2014-09-16 12:17:19","2014-12-02 17:19:12","2014-09-16 12:17:19","","","","","","","Investing for Resources?","","","","","","","","","","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Cheon_2014_(Investing for Resources).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HRRWT8F2","book","2002","Schatzki, Theodore","The Site of the Social: A philosophical account of the constitution of social life and change","","","","","","","2002","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:26:15","","","","","","","","","","","","","Pennsylvania State University Press","University Park, Pennyslvania","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HRS6K5FP","report","2009","Alesina, A. F.; Giuliano, P.","Preferences for redistribution","","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w14825","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2012-11-06","","","","","","","","","","","","National Bureau of Economic Research","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HRVWHKR9","journalArticle","2004","Sagan, S. D.","The Problem of Redundancy Problem: Why More Nuclear Security Forces May Produce Less Nuclear Security†","Risk Analysis","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0272-4332.2004.00495.x/full","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2012-11-01","935–946","","4","24","","","The Problem of Redundancy Problem","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HRZC2QCZ","journalArticle","2014","Kolesár, Michal; Chetty, Raj; Friedman, John; Glaeser, Edward; Imbens, Guido W.","Identification and Inference with Many Invalid Instruments","Journal of Business & Economic Statistics","","0735-0015","10.1080/07350015.2014.978175","http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07350015.2014.978175","We study estimation and inference in settings where the interest is in the effect of a potentially endogenous regressor on some outcome. To address the endogeneity we exploit the presence of additional variables. Like conventional instrumental variables, these variables are correlated with the endogenous regressor. However, unlike conventional instrumental variables, they also have direct effects on the outcome, and thus are “invalid” instruments. Our novel identifying assumption is that the direct effects of these invalid instruments are uncorrelated with the effects of the instruments on the endogenous regressor. We show that in this case the limited-information-maximum-likelihood (liml) estimator is no longer consistent, but that a modification of the bias-corrected two-stage-least-squares (tsls) estimator is consistent. We also show that conventional tests for over-identifying restrictions, adapted to the many instruments setting, can be used to test for the presence of these direct effects. We recommend that empirical researchers carry out such tests and compare estimates based on liml and the modified version of bias-corrected tsls. We illustrate in the context of two applications that such practice can be illuminating, and that our novel identifying assumption has substantive empirical content.","2014-11-06","2015-03-19 16:33:53","2015-03-19 16:33:53","2015-03-19 16:33:53","00-00","","ja","0","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Taylor and Francis+NEJM","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Kolesar et al_2014_(Identification and Inference with Many Invalid Instruments).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HS4A62Z5","journalArticle","2009","Goddard, S. E.","When right makes might: how Prussia overturned the European balance of power","International Security","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","","110–142","","3","33","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HSAJPDKN","journalArticle","2010","Grynaviski, Eric","Necessary Illusions: Misperception, Cooperation, and the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty","Security Studies","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","","376–406","","3","19","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HSEV85IE","journalArticle","2010","Aalberts, T. E.","Playing the game of sovereign states: Charles Mannings constructivism avant-la-lettre","European Journal of International Relations","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","","247–268","","2","16","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HSFEUMZU","journalArticle","1999","Trachtman, J. P.","The Domain of WTO Dispute Resolution","Harvard Interrnational Law Journal","","","","http://heinonlinebackup.com/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/hilj40§ion=14","","1999","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2013-01-31","333","","","40","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HSG6QPZC","journalArticle","1999","Cameron, G.","Multi-track Microproliferation: Lessons from Aum Shinrikyo and Al Qaida","Studies in Conflict and Terrorism","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/105761099265658","","1999","2012-10-25 05:07:53","2014-09-04 20:22:15","2012-10-25 05:07:53","277–309","","4","22","","","Multi-track Microproliferation","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","; ","http://ipac.kacst.edu.sa/eDoc/2006/157821_1.pdf; http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/105761099265658","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HSXGZHMP","book","1983","Geertz, Clifford","Local Knowledge","","","","","","","1983","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:23:06","","","","","","","","","","","","","Basic Books","New York","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HT2BRM5W","manuscript","2011","Jaeger, Hans-Martin -. M.","The (Im-)Possible Engagement of Luhmanns Systems Theory with Constructivism in IR","","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2014-09-04 18:31:52","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HTGEEZSD","book","2000","Herbst, Jeffrey","States and power in Africa: comparative lessons in authority and control","","","","","http://books.google.ca/books?hl=en&lr=&id=C1sIrGeCYScC&oi=fnd&pg=PP2&dq=herbst+africa&ots=NGifIdBNy4&sig=GTrUuABczFgnOyekk7abkmvQ3-k","","2000","2013-05-13 16:27:54","2014-09-04 20:23:48","2013-05-13 16:27:54","","","","","","","States and power in Africa","","","","","Princeton University Press","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HTNJQ6Z4","journalArticle","2015","Ahmad, Aisha","The Security Bazaar: Business Interests and Islamist Power in Civil War Somalia","International Security","","0162-2889","10.1162/ISEC_a_00187","http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ISEC_a_00187","In civil wars across the world, certain Islamist groups have competed exceptionally well against their rivals. The conventional wisdom points to either religion or ethnic politics to explain Islamist success. These ideological and identity-based explanations, however, tend to overlook the powerful economic influence that the local business class has over civil war outcomes. Civil war can be modeled as a market for security, wherein protection must be purchased from multiple substate rackets. Using this market model, a close investigation of the Somali case reveals why and under what conditions the interests of the profit-driven business class align with those of ideologically motivated Islamist groups. Security costs are of critical importance to businesses in a civil war, and Islamists are uniquely competitive in lowering these costs. The business-Islamist alliance is therefore driven by rational, economic considerations, which can contribute to the rise of Islamist power.","2015-01-01","2015-02-23 19:05:04","2015-02-23 19:05:04","2015-02-23 19:05:04","89-117","","3","39","","International Security","The Security Bazaar","","","","","","","","","","","","MIT Press Journals","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HTQV4IPJ","journalArticle","2011","Theriault, Martin; De Beaumont, Louis; Tremblay, Sebastien; Lassonde, Maryse; Jolicoeur, Pierre","Cumulative effects of concussions in athletes revealed by electrophysiological abnormalities on visual working memory","Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13803391003772873","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2013-04-02","30–41","","1","33","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HTUS7QEM","journalArticle","1989","Farrell, J.; Gibbons, R.","Cheap talk with two audiences","The American Economic Review","","","","","","1989","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","","1214–1223","","5","79","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HTUX3QAW","journalArticle","2014","Banerjee, Abhijit V.; Duflo, Esther","Under the Thumb of History? Political Institutions and the Scope for Action","Annual Review of Economics","","","10.1146/annurev-economics-080213-041110","http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-080213-041110","This article discusses the two leading views of history and political institutions. For some scholars, institutions are mainly products of historical logic, whereas for others, accidents, leaders, and decisions have a significant impact. We argue that although there is clear evidence that history matters and has long-term effects, there are not enough data to help us distinguish between the two views. Faced with this uncertainty, what is a social scientist to do? We argue that given the possibility that policy decisions indeed make a difference, it makes sense to assume they do and to try to improve policy making.","2014","2014-09-08 20:20:10","2014-09-08 20:20:10","2014-09-08 20:20:10","951-971","","1","6","","","Under the Thumb of History?","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Banerjee_Duflo_2014_(Under the Thumb of History).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HU4MCCCN","bookSection","2003","Hogg, Michael","Social Categorization, Depersonalization, and Group Behavior","The Blackwell Handbook of Social Psychology: Group Processes","","","","","","2003","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:24:02","","56-85","","","","","","","","","","","Blackwell","Oxford","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Tindale, R. Scott; Hogg, Michael","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HUUS2HRX","journalArticle","2005","Dessler, D.; Owen, J.","Constructivism and the problem of explanation: A review article","Perspectives on Politics","","","","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2014-09-04 18:31:52","","597–610","","03","3","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HV3W8KGF","book","1990","Crystal, Jill","Oil and politics in the Gulf: rulers and merchants in Kuwait and Qatar","","0521366399","","","","","1990","2015-05-05 10:23:28","2015-07-03 06:05:56","","","210","","","","","Oil and politics in the Gulf","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge, U.K.","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","DS247.K88 C79 1990","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HVBR6AKJ","journalArticle","2014","Lunagomez, Simon; Airoldi, Edoardo","Bayesian Inference from Non-Ignorable Network Sampling Designs","arXiv preprint arXiv:1401.4718","","","","http://arxiv.org/abs/1401.4718","","2014","2015-01-17 23:38:44","2015-01-17 23:38:44","2015-01-17 23:38:44","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/MTEQ4UTS/1401.4718v1.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HVHDWXXZ","journalArticle","1993","Olorunfemi, Michael A.; Knöbl, Maria","Strategies of national oil companies in an increasingly competitive business environment","OPEC Review","","1468-0076","10.1111/j.1468-0076.1993.tb00470.x","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-0076.1993.tb00470.x/abstract","","1993-06-01","2015-04-12 17:24:21","2015-04-12 17:24:21","2015-04-12 17:24:21","151-162","","2","17","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1993/Olorunfemi_Knobl_1993_(Strategies of national oil companies in an increasingly competitive business).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HVMIII4W","journalArticle","2006","Young, Alasdair R.; Peterson, John","The EU and the new trade politics","Journal of European Public Policy","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13501760600837104","Abstract Over the past twenty years trade politics within the European Union (EU) have changed in three ways. First, the concerns of traditional trade actors have shifted to more `behind-the-border' issues, especially regulation and investment. Second, new actors – parliaments, non-trade agencies, and non-governmental organizations – have become more engaged. Third, the leadership of the EU (and the United States) has been challenged by influential developing countries. The EU has responded to the new trade politics by advocating a `deep' trade agenda: seeking multilateral agreements on the making of domestic rules. This response reflects the EU's own experience of market integration. Where the new trade politics have affected EU policy it has been through changing views about the purposes and priority of trade policy at the highest political levels, rather than more directly via interest group lobbying. While the EU has been unsuccessful in promoting its agenda within the World Trade Organization, it is pursuing it through other forums where its influence is greater.","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2013-01-31","795–814","","6","13","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HVVVC9M4","book","1997","Chaudhry, Kiren Aziz","The price of wealth: Economies and institutions in the Middle East","","","","","https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=OjFhOQMek4oC&oi=fnd&pg=PR9&dq=Chaudhry,+Kiren+Aziz.+1997.+Price+of+Wealth&ots=u94LxK1_lt&sig=Us_3UVxAOnZAvOxla6PbX-RcK3g","","1997","2015-05-05 10:19:59","2015-05-05 10:20:07","2015-05-05 10:19:59","","","","","","","The price of wealth","","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HVZB362V","journalArticle","2007","Wilson, S. E.; Butler, D. M.","A Lot More to Do: The Sensitivity of Time-Series Cross-Section Analyses to Simple Alternative Specifications","Political Analysis","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","","101–123","","2","15","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HVZZM9FU","journalArticle","2015","Hanrieder, Tine","The path-dependent design of international organizations: Federalism in the World Health Organization","European Journal of International Relations","","1354-0661, 1460-3713","10.1177/1354066114530011","http://ejt.sagepub.com/content/21/1/215","The article puts forward a historical institutionalist account of how international organizations are ‘designed.’ I argue that deliberate institutional design is circumscribed by path-dependent power dynamics within international organizations. Power-driven path dependence is used to explain that organizations lock in and reinforce historical privileges of international organization subunits. Early winners in the international organization lock in their privileges with the support of member-state allies, and reap increasing returns from their positions over rounds of reform. They thereby amplify features of international organization design that reformers would otherwise change later on. The argument is illustrated with a historical case study of the World Health Organization’s unique federal design, which grants the regional offices near autonomy from headquarter oversight. Vocal criticisms of the World Health Organization’s regionalization and repeated centralization attempts notwithstanding, the powers of the regions have increased over time. The case study retraces the path-dependent struggles over the World Health Organization’s federal design since its creation in the 1940s. While the literature on international organizations tends to reserve inertia and path dependence for constructivist analysis, this article offers a rationalist account of inertia in international institutions.","2015-03-01","2015-06-30 11:44:21","2015-06-30 11:44:21","2015-06-30 11:44:21","215-239","","1","21","","European Journal of International Relations","The path-dependent design of international organizations","","","","","","","en","","","","","ejt.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Hanrieder_2015_(The path-dependent design of international organizations).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HW4MI6PA","journalArticle","2007","Abrahms, M.","Why democracies make superior counterterrorists","Security Studies","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09636410701399424","","2007","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2012-11-01","223–253","","2","16","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HW6SHIJB","journalArticle","2013","Gelman, Andrew; Loken, Eric","The garden of forking paths: Why multiple comparisons can be a problem, even when there is no “fishing expedition” or “p-hacking” and the research hypothesis was posited ahead of time","Downloaded January","","","","http://www.stat.columbia.edu/~gelman/research/unpublished/p_hacking.pdf","","2013","2014-10-15 00:05:21","2014-10-15 00:05:21","2014-10-15 00:05:21","2014","","","30","","","The garden of forking paths","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Gelman_Loken_2013_(The garden of forking paths).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HW8HFDKQ","journalArticle","2003","Daily, Catherine M.; Dalton, Dan R.; Cannella, Albert A.","Corporate Governance: Decades of Dialogue and Data","Academy of Management Review","","0363-7425, 1930-3807","10.5465/AMR.2003.10196703","http://amr.aom.org/content/28/3/371","The field of corporate governance is at a crossroads. Our knowledge of what we know about the efficacy of corporate governance mechanisms is rivaled by what we do not know. This special topic forum is dedicated to continuing the rich tradition of research in this area, with the hope that the models and theories offered will propel corporate governance research to the next level, enhancing our understanding of those governance structures and mechanisms that best serve organizational functioning.","2003-07-01","2014-09-19 16:12:16","2014-09-19 16:12:16","2014-09-19 16:12:16","371-382","","3","28","","ACAD MANAGE REV","Corporate Governance","","","","","","","en","","","","","amr.aom.org","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HWCCBC5B","book","1978","","Between Power and Plenty: Foreign Economic Policies of Advanced Industrial States","","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/production/action/cjoGetFulltext?fulltextid=4281236","","1978","2014-11-07 17:14:24","2015-04-20 13:56:05","2013-10-10 12:42:51","","","","","","","Conclusion","","","","","University of Wisconsin Press","Madison, WI","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","Katzenstein, Peter J.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HWDWN7TV","journalArticle","2010","Franke, Ulrich; Roos, Ulrich","Actor, structure, process: transcending the state personhood debate by means of a pragmatist ontological model for International Relations theory","Review of International Studies","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2014-09-04 18:31:40","","1057–1077","","04","36","","","Actor, structure, process","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HWMMCXZQ","journalArticle","2012","Medlock III, Kenneth B.","U.S. LNG Exports: Truth and Consequence","The James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy, Rice University, Policy Report","","","","","","2012","2015-05-29 09:48:59","2015-05-29 09:49:37","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Medlock III_2012_(U).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HWRCHJQ8","journalArticle","2005","Lujala, Päivil; Gleditsch, Nils Petter; Gilmore, Elisabeth","A Diamond Curse? Civil War and a Lootable Resource","The Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/30045130","While territory, oil, and water are frequently mentioned as resources likely to promote interstate conflict, diamonds have emerged as a prominent factor in explanations of civil war. In this article, the authors report on a new database on diamond deposits and production and analyze the relationship between diamonds and armed conflict incidence. They find a strong bivariate relationship between diamonds (particularly secondary diamonds) and the onset of civil war. Adding diamond dummies to standard models of civil war, the results are more mixed. The production of secondary diamonds increases the risk of onset of ethnic war, but not other types of war. The authors find evidence that secondary diamonds are positively related to the incidence of civil war, especially in countries divided along ethnic lines. Primary diamonds, on the other hand, make ethnic war onset and incidence less likely. The authors also find that the impact of diamonds has been substantially stronger in the post-cold war era.","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2012-09-21","538–562","","4","49","","","A Diamond Curse?","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2005 Sage Publications, Inc.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HWVDCFF9","journalArticle","1995","Garrett, Geoffrey","Capital Mobility, Trade, and the Domestic Politics of Economic Policy","International Organization","","","","","","1995","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","","657–687","","04","49","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HX22ISBR","journalArticle","2007","Cohen, Benjamin J.","The Transatlantic Divide: Why Are American and British IPE so Different?","Review of International Political Economy","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/25261908","","2007","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2012-05-06","197–219","","2","14","","","The Transatlantic Divide","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HX4UW3QX","report","2012","Earle, John S.; Telegdy, Almos; Antal, Gabor","FDI and Wages: Evidence from Firm-Level and Linked Employer-Employee Data in Hungary, 1986-2008","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2183305","We estimate the effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) acquisitions on firm-average and worker-specific wages using universal firm-level panel data and linked employer-employee data for Hungary. Our identification strategy exploits a 23 year-long panel with 4,926 foreign acquisitions to match on pre-acquisition data and to control for fixed effects for firms, detailed worker groups, and worker-firm matches. The estimates after these adjustments imply positive effects of about 12-27 percent on average wages. In an extension to 983 foreign acquisitions subsequently divested to domestic owners, we find that much of the acquisition effect is reversed by divestment. Estimating by worker type, we find positive effects for each of 64 gender-age-education-tenure groups, for all major occupations, and for all deciles of the wage distribution; the magnitudes are fairly uniform except for some skill-bias defined by education, occupation, and wage quantile. Even incumbents show wage gains, although not as large as post-acquisition hires. The evidence implies little role either for measurement problems (in hours worked, compensation, or misreporting) or for residual selection (associated with firm or worker turnover), but suggests a strong cross-firm association of FDI wage premia with similar differentials in productivity.","2012-11-30","2013-10-20 12:25:37","2013-10-20 12:25:37","2013-10-20 12:25:37","","","","","","","FDI and Wages","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","","","","difference-in differences matching; earnings; employer effects; FDI; foreign acquisitions; Hungary; productivity; wage differentials","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2183305","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HX6ITJPW","report","2013","Meyer, Klaus; Ding, Yuan; Li, Jing; Zhang, Hua","Home and Host Country Institutions, and the Foreign Entry of State–owned Enterprises","","","","","http://www.chinagoesglobal.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Foreign_Entry_Strategies_by_SOEs_Bremen.pdf","","2013","2014-11-05 14:17:30","2014-11-05 14:17:30","2014-11-05 14:17:30","","","","","","","","","","","","mimeo, China Europe International Business School","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Meyer et al_2013_(Home and Host Country Institutions, and the Foreign Entry of State–owned).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HXRCE7ZQ","journalArticle","1978","Fiorina, M. P.; Plott, C. R.","Committee decisions under majority rule: An experimental study","American Political Science Review","","","","","","1978","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","","575–598","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HZC7657R","book","1998","Cook, T. E.","Governing with the news: The news media as a political institution","","","","","","","1998","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:22:26","","","","","","","","","","","","","University of Chicago Press","Chicago","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HZGG47KU","journalArticle","2010","Selivanova, Yulia","The WTO and Energy: WTO Rules and Agreements of Relevance to the Energy Sector","","","","","http://dspace.cigilibrary.org/jspui/handle/123456789/28428","","2010","2013-10-01 15:55:33","2013-10-01 15:55:33","2013-10-01 15:55:33","","","","","","","The WTO and Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy; WTO","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HZHR7P8E","journalArticle","1995","Beck, Nathaniel; Katz, Jonathan N.","What to do (and not to do) with Time-Series Cross-Section Data","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2082979","We examine some issues in the estimation of time-series cross-section models, calling into question the conclusions of many published studies, particularly in the field of comparative political economy. We show that the generalized least squares approach of Parks produces standard errors that lead to extreme overconfidence, often underestimating variability by 50% or more. We also provide an alternative estimator of the standard errors that is correct when the error structures show complications found in this type of model. Monte Carlo analysis shows that these ""panel-corrected standard errors"" perform well. The utility of our approach is demonstrated via a reanalysis of one ""social democratic corporatist"" model.","1995","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","","634–647","","3","89","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1995 American Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HZR63XEW","webpage","","","Crude Allegations: Corruption in the Energy Trading Sector| Energy Law Exchange","King & Spalding | Energy Law Exchange","","","","http://www.energylawexchange.com/crude-allegations-corruption-energy-trading-sector/","As trading companies have emerged from relative obscurity to become formidable players in global energy markets, a series of high-profile allegations of corruption involving energy traders has led to increased awareness of potential misconduct in the energy sector by both global financial regulators and parties engaged in international arbitration proceedings.","","2014-12-12 17:23:48","2014-12-12 17:23:48","2014-12-12 17:23:48","","","","","","","Crude Allegations","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "HZXQZZKK","journalArticle","2002","Stasavage, David","Private investment and political institutions","Economics & Politics","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1468-0343.00099/full","","2002","2014-10-30 23:58:37","2014-10-31 15:17:16","2014-10-30 23:58:37","41–63","","1","14","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2002/Stasavage_2002_(Private investment and political institutions).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I27NBRKD","conferencePaper","2011","Colgan, Jeff","The Emperor Has No Clothes: The Limits of OPEC in the Global Oil Market","Manuscript presented at the conference Research Frontiers in Comparative and International Environmental Politics, Niehaus Center for Globalization and Governance, Princeton University","","","","http://nw08.american.edu/~colgan/index_files/OPEC%20-%20Colgan.2013Mar.Copyedit%20IO.pdf","","2011","2013-10-09 20:41:05","2013-10-09 20:41:05","2013-10-09 20:41:05","","","","","","","The Emperor Has No Clothes","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I28CFT4R","journalArticle","2008","Ashworth, Scott; Clinton, Joshua D.; Meirowitz, Adam; Ramsay, Kristopher W.","Design, Inference, and the Strategic Logic of Suicide Terrorism","American Political Science Review","","","","","In “The Strategic Logic of Suicide Terrorism,” Robert Pape (2003) presents an analysis of his suicide terrorism data. He uses the data to draw inferences about how territorial occupation and religious extremism affect the decision of terrorist groups to use suicide tactics. We show that the data are incapable of supporting Pape's conclusions because he “samples on the dependent variable.”—The data only contain cases in which suicide terror is used. We construct bounds (Manski, 1995) on the quantities relevant to Pape's hypotheses and show exactly how little can be learned about the relevant statistical associations from the data produced by Pape's research design.","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","","269–273","","02","102","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I2D9ISAH","book","1986","Kindleberger, Charles Poor","The World in Depression, 1929-1939","","0520055918","","","","","1986","2012-05-06 19:56:44","2014-09-04 20:24:32","","","355","","","","","","History of the world economy in the twentieth century","v. 4","","","University of California Press","Berkeley","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HB3717 1929 .K55 1986","","","","","1918-1945; 1929; Depressions; Economic history","1918-1945; 1929; Depressions; Economic history","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Rev. and enl. ed","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I2R4USP5","bookSection","2011","Dunning, Thad","Instrumental Variables","International Encyclopedia of Political Science","9781412959636","","","http://www.thaddunning.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/Dunning_IEPS_InstrumentalVariables2.pdf","","2011","2014-11-28 22:02:21","2014-11-28 22:05:51","2014-11-28 22:02:21","4032","","","","","","","","","","","Sage Publications","Thousand Oaks, Calif.","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Dunning_2011_(Instrumental Variables).pdf","","","","Badie, Bertrand; Berg-Schlosser, Dirk; Morlino, Leonardo","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I2TV34XP","journalArticle","2010","Hertog, Steffen","Defying the resource curse: explaining successful state-owned enterprises in rentier states","World Politics","","","","http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/wp/summary/v062/62.2.hertog.html","","2010","2013-10-10 12:43:33","2013-10-10 12:43:33","2013-10-10 12:43:33","261–301","","2","62","","","Defying the resource curse","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Resource Curse","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I3367DTE","journalArticle","2005","Kottas, Athanasios; Müller, Peter; Quintana, Fernando","Nonparametric Bayesian modeling for multivariate ordinal data","Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1198/106186005X63185","","2005","2014-09-29 19:59:57","2014-09-29 19:59:57","2014-09-29 19:59:57","610–625","","3","14","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2005/Kottas et al_2005_(Nonparametric Bayesian modeling for multivariate ordinal data).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I3GG9W5Z","journalArticle","2005","Camerer, Colin F.","Behavioral economics","","","","","http://authors.library.caltech.edu/21990/","","2005","2015-04-18 00:33:21","2015-04-18 00:33:21","2015-04-18 00:33:21","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2005/Camerer_2005_(Behavioral economics).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I48CAPEB","webpage","","","ExxonMobil's NAFTA win over oil R&D called 'corporate bullying'","","","","","http://www.cbc.ca/1.2984879","Ottawa has been ordered to pay ExxonMobil and another oil company $17.3 million, following a complaint that the companies were required to spend money in Newfoundland and Labrador on research and development.","","2015-03-07 15:57:27","2015-03-07 15:57:27","2015-03-07 15:57:27","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I48E9JDR","journalArticle","2009","Thompson, Alexander","Rational design in motion: Uncertainty and flexibility in the global climate regime","European Journal of International Relations","","","","http://politicalscience.osu.edu/faculty/athompson/Thompson_Rational_Design_in_Motion.pdf","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2015-01-12 21:22:32","","269–296","","2","16","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Thompson_2009_(Rational design in motion)2.pdf","","delete; rename","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I49WEBU9","journalArticle","2008","Chari, Anusha; Gupta, Nandini","Incumbents and protectionism: The political economy of foreign entry liberalization","Journal of Financial Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304405X08000627","","2008","2014-11-04 22:47:23","2014-11-04 22:47:23","2014-11-04 22:47:23","633–656","","3","88","","","Incumbents and protectionism","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Chari_Gupta_2008_(Incumbents and protectionism).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I4AJXF9T","thesis","2011","Goodman, S. D.","Social Media: The Use of Facebook and Twitter to Impact Political Unrest in the Middle East through the Power of Collaboration","","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","","","","","","","","","","","","","California Polytechnic State University","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I4H7R3T2","journalArticle","2012","Cho, Seo-Young; Vadlamannati, Krishna Chaitanya","Compliance with the Anti-trafficking Protocol","European Journal of Political Economy","","0176-2680","10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2011.12.003","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0176268011001509","The Anti-trafficking Protocol reflects the interests of the major countries. Due to the high costs of compliance, countries will strategically select those obligations that will satisfy the major countries most efficiently with lower costs of compliance. Among the three main obligations of the Protocol – prevention, protection and prosecution – we predict that ratification leads to the strongest effect on compliance with the prevention policy because prevention reflects the key interests of the major countries, while triggering less domestic resistance and political costs to implement. Therefore, it is the most ‘efficient’ form of compliance. We empirically test this hypothesis by employing panel data from 147 countries during the period of 2001–2009. As the theory predicts, the ratification of the Protocol has the strongest effect on the prevention policy of a member state compared to protection and prosecution.","2012-06","2015-04-12 17:25:38","2015-04-12 17:25:38","2015-04-12 17:25:38","249-265","","2","28","","European Journal of Political Economy","","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Cho_Vadlamannati_2012_(Compliance with the Anti-trafficking Protocol).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I4ZH3NTB","bookSection","2002","Fearon, J.; Wendt, A.","Rationalism v. constructivism: a skeptical view","Handbook of International Relations","","","","","","2002","2012-05-05 15:59:29","2014-09-04 20:22:52","","52–72","","","","","","Rationalism v. constructivism","","","","","Sage","London","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","Carlsnaes, W; Risse, T; Simmons, B. A.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I55ST6ZC","journalArticle","2012","Ross, Michael L.","What’s So Special about the Arabian Peninsula? A Reply to Groh and Rothschild","Quarterly Journal of Political Science","","","","http://www.qjps.com/getpdf.aspx?doi=100.00012004&product=QJPS","","2012","2013-02-06 20:10:55","2015-01-14 20:37:42","2013-02-06 20:10:55","89–103","","1","7","","","What’s So Special about the Arabian Peninsula?","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Resource Curse","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I5D79ZK4","journalArticle","2003","Jupille, J.; Caporaso, J. A; Checkel, J. T","Integrating Institutions: Rationalism, Constructivism, and the Study of the European","Comparative Political Studies","","","","","","2003","2012-05-05 15:59:28","2014-09-04 20:24:23","","1–2","","","36","","","Integrating Institutions","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I5K6D6IG","journalArticle","2014","Bucher, Bernd","Acting abstractions: Metaphors, narrative structures, and the eclipse of agency","European Journal of International Relations","","1354-0661, 1460-3713","10.1177/1354066113503481","http://ejt.sagepub.com/content/20/3/742","Norm diffusion theorists have advanced our understanding of how ‘norms emerge, spread and become internalized.’ Although this literature and especially the norm life cycle model is based on a constructivist ontology that gives equal weight to agency and structure, one can make out ‘a tendency in this literature to erase’ agency from norm diffusion narratives. This article suggests that the ‘invisibilization’ of agency stems from two mutually reinforcing scholarly practices. For one, insufficient attention is paid to the metaphors describing norm propagation (diffusion, cascade, life cycle, etc.). These metaphors are frequently employed in ways that point to mechanistic and automatized processes of ‘norm diffusion.’ Secondly, norms are often placed in the subject position in sentences. Although uncontroversial in terms of syntax, this mode of writing leads to narrative structures in which norms function as agents. Rather than identifying actual actors, the norm diffusion literature suggests that norms emerge, norms diffuse, and norms cascade. These semantics create an ‘illusion of agency’ without accounting for the actual processes through which norms are articulated, propagated, contested, adapted, adopted, or rejected. Norm diffusion research subsequently comes to be closely associated with self-actionist modes of thinking, which focuses research on intrinsic qualities of norms, rather than on socially embedded agency and power relations central to processes of diffusing norms. Being more attentive to metaphors and syntax will be instrumental in moving the literature from a misplaced focus on norm diffusion to a focus on the underlying power relations of agential norm politics.","2014-09-01","2014-09-08 20:24:16","2014-09-08 20:24:16","2014-09-08 20:24:16","742-765","","3","20","","European Journal of International Relations","Acting abstractions","","","","","","","en","","","","","ejt.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Bucher_2014_(Acting abstractions).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I5VC2AED","journalArticle","1993","Iida, K.","When and how do domestic constraints matter?","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","","","1993","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","","403–426","","3","37","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I5VG67P9","journalArticle","2001","Scheve, Kenneth F.; Slaughter, Matthew J.","What determines individual trade-policy preferences?","Journal of International Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022199600000945","This article provides new evidence on the determinants of individual trade-policy preferences using individual-level survey data for the United States. There are two main empirical results. First, we find that factor type dominates industry of employment in explaining support for trade barriers. Second, we find that home ownership also matters for individuals' trade-policy preferences. Independent of factor type, home ownership in counties with a manufacturing mix concentrated in comparative-disadvantage industries is correlated with support for trade barriers. This finding suggests that, in addition to current factor incomes driving preferences as in standard trade models, preferences also depend on asset values.","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2013-01-28","267–292","","2","54","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Policy preferences; political economy; Trade","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I65PZVFJ","journalArticle","2015","Hollibaugh, Gary E.","Vacancies, vetting, and votes: A unified dynamic model of the appointments process","Journal of Theoretical Politics","","0951-6298, 1460-3667","10.1177/0951629813518129","http://jtp.sagepub.com/content/27/2/206","Pundits, politicians, and political scientists alike often bemoan the long delays in filling both executive and judicial vacancies. However, most political science scholarship has ignored why executives delay nomination, instead focusing on why legislatures delay confirmation. In this article, I develop a formal model that seeks to explain the causes and consequences of both types of delay. By incorporating the effects of time, nominee competence, and nonpolicy incentives, the model provides a number of important findings: (1) the passage of time exacerbates the executive’s first-mover advantage and may result in less-competent nominees; (2) confirmation delay results when the executive’s costs of searching for new nominees are sufficiently high and/or the pool of potential candidates for nomination is sufficiently incompetent; and (3) nomination delay results when the executive’s internal vetting process indicates a candidate for nomination is sufficiently incompetent relative to the pool of potential nominees.","2015-04-01","2015-04-09 18:54:19","2015-04-09 18:54:19","2015-04-09 18:54:19","206-236","","2","27","","Journal of Theoretical Politics","Vacancies, vetting, and votes","","","","","","","en","","","","","jtp.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Hollibaugh_2015_(Vacancies, vetting, and votes).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I6KWKRAZ","journalArticle","2015","Zhang, Jin-Liang; Zhang, Yue-Jun; Zhang, Lu","A novel hybrid method for crude oil price forecasting","Energy Economics","","0140-9883","10.1016/j.eneco.2015.02.018","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988315000857","Forecasting crude oil price is a challenging task. Given the nonlinear and time-varying characteristics of international crude oil prices, we propose a novel hybrid method to forecast crude oil prices. First, we use the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) method to decompose international crude oil price into a series of independent intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) and the residual term. Then, the least square support vector machine together with the particle swarm optimization (LSSVM–PSO) method and the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model are developed to forecast the nonlinear and time-varying components of crude oil prices, respectively. Next, the forecasted crude oil prices of each component are summed as the final forecasted results of crude oil prices. The results show that, the newly proposed hybrid method has a strong forecasting capability for crude oil prices, due to its excellent performance in adaptation to the random sample selection, data frequency and structural breaks in samples. Furthermore, the comparison results also indicate that the new method proves superior in forecasting accuracy to those well-recognized methods for crude oil price forecasting.","2015-05","2015-06-30 11:39:42","2015-06-30 11:39:42","2015-06-30 11:39:42","649-659","","","49","","Energy Economics","","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Zhang et al_2015_(A novel hybrid method for crude oil price forecasting).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I7P9TUUQ","journalArticle","2013","","Language Barriers","Econometrica","","0012-9682","10.3982/ECTA9183","http://doi.wiley.com/10.3982/ECTA9183","","2013","2014-09-29 02:15:30","2014-09-29 02:15:30","2014-09-29 02:15:30","781-812","","2","81","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/2013_(Language Barriers).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I88MDEJZ","journalArticle","2000","King, Gary; Tomz, Michael; Wittenberg, Jason","Making the Most of Statistical Analyses: Improving Interpretation and Presentation","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2669316","Social scientists rarely take full advantage of the information available in their statistical results. As a consequence, they miss opportunities to present quantities that are of greatest substantive interest for their research and express the appropriate degree of certainty about these quantities. In this article, we offer an approach, built on the technique of statistical simulation, to extract the currently over-looked information from any statistical method and to interpret and present it in a reader-friendly manner. Using this technique requires some expertise, which we try to provide herein, but its application should make the results of quantitative articles more informative and transparent. To illustrate our recommendations, we replicate the results of several published works, showing in each case how the authors' own conclusions can be expressed more sharply and informatively, and, without changing any data or statistical assumptions, how our approach reveals important new information about the research questions at hand. We also offer very easy-to-use software that implements our suggestions.","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","","347–361","","2","44","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2000 Midwest Political Science Association","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2000/King et al_2000_(Making the Most of Statistical Analyses)4.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I8CQC8CJ","journalArticle","1976","Ball, Terence","From Paradigms to Research Programs: Toward a Post-Kuhnian Political Science","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2110515","This paper traces the reception of T. S. Kuhn's Structure of Scientific Revolutions by political scientists through three stages–the first two of uncritical acceptance, the third of rejection. I argue that a critical reading of Kuhn supports none of these positions in toto. I then go on to catalogue the main strengths and weaknesses of Kuhn's theory of scientific choice and change. This examination leads to a consideration of Imre Lakatos' more satisfactory theory of scientific progress. I then go on to suggest what bearing Lakatos' theory has upon the actual practice of political science.","1976","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2014-09-04 18:31:59","","151–177","","1","20","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1976 Midwest Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I8TGP9GT","book","2003","Mahoney, James; Rueschemeyer, Dietrich","Comparative historical analysis in the social sciences","","0521816106","","","","","2003","2012-12-22 05:29:27","2014-09-04 20:27:49","","","444","","","","","","Cambridge studies in comparative politics","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge, UK ; New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","H61 .C524 2003","","","","","Qual; Research Methodology; social sciences","Research Methodology","","","","Mahoney, James; Rueschemeyer, Dietrich","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I8UUQGGZ","book","2012","Biglaiser, Glen; Li, Quan; Malesky, Edmund","Politics and Foreign Direct Investment","","0472051768","","","","For decades, free trade was advocated as the vehicle for peace, prosperity, and democracy in an increasingly globalized market. More recently, the proliferation of foreign direct investment has raised questions about its impact upon local economies and politics. Here, seven scholars bring together their wide-ranging expertise to investigate the factors that determine the attractiveness of a locale to investors and the extent of their political power. Multinational corporations prefer to invest where legal and political institutions support the rule of law, protections for property rights, and democratic processes. Corporate influence on local institutions, in turn, depends upon the relative power of other players and the types of policies at issue.","2012-09-18","2014-11-04 23:19:20","2014-11-04 23:19:29","","","220","","","","","","","","","","University of Michigan Press","Ann Arbor","en","","","","","Google Books","","","","","http://books.google.com/books?id=Unu7i_HT7R4C","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I9AEMH37","journalArticle","1998","Downs, George W.; Rocke, David M.; Barsoom, Peter N.","Managing the Evolution of Multilateralism","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2601280","One of the most prominent characteristics of multilateral organizations is that they do not ""spring forth full blown""; they grow. Although this is well known, relatively few attempts have been made to explain it at a general level or to explore its implications. In this paper we show why states that desire to create a multilateral organization or agreement might be attracted to a strategy that involves admitting potential members sequentially based on their preferences. Such a ""sequential construction"" strategy can generate an unusual kind of structure-induced equilibrium that dramatically mitigates the breadth-depth trade-off and increases the level of cooperation a multilateral is able to attain. We evaluate these claims with data drawn from the history of the European Union and twenty environmental multilaterals.","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2012-05-05","397–419","","2","52","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I9CTQUFI","journalArticle","2008","Wetherell, Margaret","Subjectivity or Psycho-Discursive Practices? Investigating Complex Intersectional Identities","Subjectivity","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","","73–81","","1","22","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I9KGUQV8","report","2013","Menaldo, Victor A.","Not Manna from Heaven after All: The Endogeneity of Oil","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2008889","Is there really a resource curse? Or is it an institutions curse? Drawing on recent findings that challenge the view that there is a causal relationship running from oil to political and economic underdevelopment, this chapter seeks to identify what determines a hydrocarbons sector in the first place. I argue and find that revenue starved states with low capacity are more likely to launch oil exploration efforts, goose the production of extant wells, export oil to a higher degree, tax it more heavily, and attract higher levels of capital in hydrocarbons. While National Oil Companies have increasingly shouldered more of the heavy lifting to make this happen, private investors also continue to play a prominent role. They exploit huge advantages in power, money, and information to protect their property rights in host countries across the developing world; International Oil Companies increasingly engage in regulatory arbitrage to sidestep stringent environmental regulations in their home countries, as well as higher taxes. A case study of Azerbaijan that allows me to exploit an exogenous shock in state capacity corroborates these claims. Also, a series of statistical analyses performed on a panel dataset with global scope yield results that support them as well. These hold after controlling for geological endowments, oil prices, and production costs, no matter how I operationalize oil, or state capacity, and across a host of specifications that address endogeneity bias. These include static, fixed effects models, Autoregressive Distributed Lag models estimated via Structure Generalized Method of Moments, and instrumenting state capacity with relevant lags, or Two-Stage Least Squares that use factor endowments and country age as instruments.","2013-01-11","2015-02-27 23:11:46","2015-02-27 23:11:46","2015-02-27 23:11:46","","","","","","","Not Manna from Heaven after All","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Menaldo_2013_(Not Manna from Heaven after All).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2008889","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I9P8JQB6","journalArticle","2005","Tsygankov, Andrei","Vladimir Putin's Vision of Russia as a Normal Great Power","Post-Soviet Affairs","","","","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-09-04 18:31:35","","132–158","","2","21","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "I9S4RJP2","journalArticle","2004","Tsygankov, Andrei; Tsygankov, Pavel","New directions in Russian international studies: pluralization, Westernization, and isolationism","Communist and Post-Communist Studies","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","","1–17","","1","37","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ethnocentrism; International relations; marxism; national identity; post-soviet","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IAPVX6M3","journalArticle","2003","Lake, David A.","The New Sovereignty in International Relations","International Studies Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3186572","The academic study of sovereignty is undergoing a mini-renaissance. Stimulated by criticisms of classical conceptions of sovereignty in systemic theories of politics, scholars returned to sovereignty as a topic of inquiry in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Their studies are finally bearing fruit. This essay focuses on the new conceptions of sovereignty that are emerging and (1) discusses the fundamental nature of sovereignty, (2) reviews the classical perspective on sovereignty, (3) surveys new constructivist alternatives to this classical view, (4) examines important new work on the problematic nature of sovereignty, (5) identifies continua of hierarchic relationships that make sense of the various forms of mixed or restricted sovereignty that we observe in world politics, and (6) argues why it is important to study alternative, hierarchic relationships in international relations. The principal themes throughout are that sovereignty is far more problematic than recognized in the classical model, that important elements of hierarchy exist in the global system, and that both our theories and practice of international politics would be improved by explicitly incorporating variations in hierarchy.","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","","303–323","","3","5","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2003 The International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IAVIT8J8","journalArticle","2007","Seabrooke, Leonard","Varieties of economic constructivism in political economy: Uncertain times call for disparate measures","Review of International Political Economy","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09692290701203748","","2007","2014-11-29 03:30:49","2014-11-29 03:30:49","2014-11-29 03:30:49","371–385","","2","14","","","Varieties of economic constructivism in political economy","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Seabrooke_2007_(Varieties of economic constructivism in political economy).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IB62SWG6","journalArticle","2009","Brubaker, Rogers","Ethnicity, Race, and Nationalism","Annual Review of Sociology","","","","http://works.bepress.com/wrb/26","This article traces the contours of a comparative, global, crossdisciplinary, and multiparadigmatic field that construes ethnicity, race, and nationhood as a single integrated family of forms of cultural understanding, social organization, and political contestation. It then reviews a set of diverse yet related efforts to study the way ethnicity, race, and nation work in social, cultural, and political life without treating ethnic groups, races, or nations as substantial entities, or even taking such groups as units of analysis at all.","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2012-09-07","21–42","","","35","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","classification; culture; ethnicity; identity; Nationalism; race","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IB8V8IUA","journalArticle","2001","Von Hirschhausen, C.; Waelde, T. W","The end of transition: an institutional interpretation of energy sector reform in Eastern Europe and the CIS","MOCT-MOST: Economic Policy in Transitional Economies","","","","","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2014-09-04 18:31:49","","93–110","","1","11","","","The end of transition","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IBGTNWPZ","book","1966","Pareto, Vilfredo","Sociological writings","","","","","","","1966","2013-01-02 17:32:05","2014-09-04 20:25:42","","","335","","","","","","","","","","Pall Mall P","London","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HM59 .P1813 1966a","","","","","sociology","","","","Finer, S. E.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IBZEMKDG","journalArticle","2013","Jenner, Steffen; Lamadrid, Alberto J.","Shale gas vs. coal: Policy implications from environmental impact comparisons of shale gas, conventional gas, and coal on air, water, and land in the United States","Energy Policy","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421512009755","The aim of this paper is to examine the major environmental impacts of shale gas, conventional gas and coal on air, water, and land in the United States. These factors decisively affect the quality of life (public health and safety) as well as local and global environmental protection. Comparing various lifecycle assessments, this paper will suggest that a shift from coal to shale gas would benefit public health, the safety of workers, local environmental protection, water consumption, and the land surface. Most likely, shale gas also comes with a smaller GHG footprint than coal. However, shale gas extraction can affect water safety. This paper also discusses related aspects that exemplify how shale gas can be more beneficial in the short and long term. First, there are technical solutions readily available to fix the most crucial problems of shale gas extraction, such as methane leakages and other geo-hazards. Second, shale gas is best equipped to smoothen the transition to an age of renewable energy. Finally, this paper will recommend hybrid policy regulations.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2013-01-24","442–453","","0","53","","","Shale gas vs. coal","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Environmental protection; Lifecycle analysis; Unconventional gas","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ICE8N8P5","journalArticle","2008","Kalyvas, Stathis N.","Ethnic Defection in Civil War","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/41/8/1043","The study of ethnicity is dominated by constructivist approaches, yet empirical studies of civil war have been oblivious to their insights. In this article, the author examines the relationship between ethnic identity and civil war and points to several empirical instances of fluidity in the behavioral expression of ethnic identities within civil war. The author identifies two processes that are consistent with constructivist theorizing: identity shift and ethnic defection. The author provides several empirical illustrations along with a micro-level test of the determinants of ethnic defection. At the micro level, ethnic defection is best predicted by the extent of territorial control exercised by the incumbent political actor and the level of prior insurgent violence. The author also hypothesizes that at the macro level, ethnic defection is a function of the resources available to incumbent actors and conclude by stressing the need to take seriously the endogenous dynamics of civil wars.","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2012-09-07","1043–1068","","8","41","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","civil war; counterinsurgency; ethnicity; identity; insurgency","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ICJ54G6J","journalArticle","2001","Brewer, M. B.","The Many Faces of Social Identity: Implications for Political Psychology","Political Psychology","","","","","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","","115–125","","1","22","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ID8ISTQF","journalArticle","2010","Broz, J. Lawrence; Maliniak, Daniel","Malapportionment, Gasoline Taxes, and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change","Conference Paper (PEIO)","","","","http://pages.ucsd.edu/~jlbroz/pdf_folder/wip/broz_maliniak_IPES.pdf","","2010","2013-10-10 12:57:47","2015-01-13 14:21:24","2013-10-10 12:57:47","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IDAJGJKJ","manuscript","2011","Toft, Peter; Duero, Arash","Reliable in the Long Run? Petroleum policy and long-term oil supplier reliability","","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-09-04 18:31:35","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IDD75K7U","journalArticle","2008","Blackwell, Matthew","Multiple hypothesis testing: The F-test","Working Paper","","","","http://www.mattblackwell.org/files/teaching/ftests.pdf","","2008","2015-03-13 13:48:03","2015-03-13 13:48:21","2015-03-13 13:48:03","","","","","","","Multiple hypothesis testing","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Blackwell_2008_(Multiple hypothesis testing).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IDJNBK65","journalArticle","1999","Epstein, Joshua M.","Agent-based computational models and generative social science","Generative Social Science: Studies in Agent-Based Computational Modeling","","","","http://books.google.ca/books?hl=en&lr=&id=543OS3qdxBYC&oi=fnd&pg=PA4&dq=agent+based+models+political+science&ots=j-IsVbXaRa&sig=atp5ZZIjv9_R-jfTn0rVpC9R7Sc","","1999","2013-10-23 14:19:32","2013-10-23 14:19:32","2013-10-23 14:19:32","4–46","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IDKCW6MM","bookSection","2006","Hertog, Steffen","Segmented clientism: the political economy of Saudi economic reform efforts.","Saudi Arabia in the balance, political economy, society, foreign affairs","","","","http://dro.dur.ac.uk/4585","","2006","2015-07-16 09:43:00","2015-07-16 09:43:56","2015-07-16 09:43:00","111-143","","","","","","Segmented clientism","","","","","NYU Press","New York","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IDM8I2BW","journalArticle","2010","Montgomery, Jacob M.; Nyhan, Brendan","Bayesian model averaging: Theoretical developments and practical applications","Political Analysis","","","","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org.proxy.library.georgetown.edu/content/18/2/245.short","","2010","2014-09-29 02:24:08","2014-09-29 02:24:08","2014-09-29 02:24:08","245–270","","2","18","","","Bayesian model averaging","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Montgomery_Nyhan_2010_(Bayesian model averaging).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IDMBUMZH","journalArticle","2011","Dubash, Navroz K.; Florini, Ann","Mapping Global Energy Governance","Global Policy","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1758-5899.2011.00119.x/abstract","The challenges inherent in energy policy form an increasingly large proportion of the great issues of global governance. These energy challenges reflect numerous transnational market or governance failures, and their solutions are likely to require a number of global components that can support or constrain national energy policy. Governing energy globally requires approaches that can simultaneously cope with three realities: the highly fragmented and conflictual nature of the current inter-state system's efforts to govern energy; the diversity of institutions and actors relevant to energy; and the dominance of national processes of energy decision making that are not effectively integrated into global institutions.Policy Implications * * The lack of clarity on and priorities for the objectives of global energy governance impedes coordination and communication. * * The energy landscape is littered with governors and institutions. But because they have emerged in a path-dependent fashion, often in response to serial crisis, the result is an uncoordinated and inchoate landscape. There is now a compelling need to harness this diversity productively. * * An emergent array of partnerships and networks are coming together, particularly with regard to clean energy finance, which provide possible sources of governance innovation but also have the potential for low levels of legitimacy and transparency. * * National decision making continues to drive energy policy, in ways that are poorly coordinated both internally and with regard to global processes of governance. National energy policy processes need enormous improvement and need to be consciously coordinated with global processes. The Asian giants will be crucial actors in this regard.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2013-02-21","6–18","","","2","","","","","","","","","","en","\copyright 2011 London School of Economics and Political Science and John Wiley & Sons Ltd","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IDN7EVWZ","book","1999","Busch, Marc L.","Trade warriors: states, firms, and strategic policy in high technology","","0521633400","","","","","1999","2012-09-20 03:30:15","2014-09-04 20:22:12","","","213","","","","","Trade warriors","","","","","Cambridge University Press","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HF1414 .B87 1999","","","","","Commercial policy; Competition; Firms; Government policy; High technology industries; International; Subsidies","Commercial policy; Competition, International; Government policy; High technology industries; Subsidies","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IDVGDTQS","journalArticle","2001","King, C.","The benefits of ethnic war: understanding Eurasia's unrecognized states","World Politics","","","","","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","","524–552","","04","53","","","The benefits of ethnic war","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IE9G9WKM","journalArticle","2008","Mahoney, J.","Toward a Unified Theory of Causality","Comparative Political Studies","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","","412–436","","4-5","41","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IEDRUCE7","magazineArticle","2012","Levi, Michael","Think Again: The American Energy Boom","Foreign Policy","","","","http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/06/18/think_again_the_american_energy_boom","Yes, oil and gas made in the USA is surging. But does that really liberate us from the Middle East?","2012-08","2013-02-19 13:25:05","2013-03-04 17:46:18","2013-02-19 13:25:05","","","","","","","Think Again","","","","","","","","","","","","Foreign Policy","","","","","","Energy","Economics; Environment; Global Warming","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IEED8I7K","journalArticle","2004","Powell, R.","The inefficient use of power: Costly conflict with complete information","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2014-09-04 18:31:48","","231–241","","02","98","","","The inefficient use of power","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IEJ95436","journalArticle","2010","O'Reilly, Conor","The transnational security consultancy industry A case of state-corporate symbiosis","Theoretical Criminology","","","","http://tcr.sagepub.com/content/14/2/183","This article examines state—corporate organizational complexes within the transnational policing sphere. Its specific focus is upon the transnational security consultancy industry and its interaction with state security agencies. Exemplifying the proposed theoretical construct of state—corporate symbiosis, leading firms are held out as key facilitators for this ongoing close association between dominant interests. Their activities reflect how this security amalgamation imposes itself upon the agendas, discourse, methods and ideologies of the global policing environment. As well as highlighting the degree to which both behaviour and techniques traverse the state—corporate security nexus, this article also identifies core factors which have driven this convergence of interests. It concludes by suggesting that this evolution towards state—corporate symbiosis exacerbates those trends within transnational policing that prompt most concern, while undercutting those for which hope is harboured.","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2013-02-13","183–210","","2","14","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","global insecurities; informal networks; risk; symbiosis; transnational policing","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IEUNTEM3","journalArticle","1981","Field, A. J","The problem with neoclassical institutional economics: a critique with special reference to the North/Thomas model of pre-1500 Europe","Explorations in Economic History","","","","","","1981","2012-05-18 19:12:55","2014-09-04 20:22:54","","174–198","","2","18","","","The problem with neoclassical institutional economics","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IFCGGUWE","journalArticle","2014","Callander, Steven; Hummel, Patrick","Preemptive policy experimentation","Econometrica","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.3982/ECTA10616/abstract","","2014","2015-04-09 01:21:47","2015-04-09 01:21:47","2015-04-09 01:21:47","1509–1528","","4","82","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Callander_Hummel_2014_(Preemptive policy experimentation).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IFFV3VQE","journalArticle","2003","Globerman, Steven; Shapiro, Daniel","Governance infrastructure and US foreign direct investment","Journal of International Business Studies","","","","http://www.palgrave-journals.com/jibs/journal/v34/n1/abs/8400001a.html","","2003","2014-10-31 00:31:37","2014-10-31 00:31:37","2014-10-31 00:31:37","19–39","","1","34","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IFGPUUN7","report","2003","Grant, Charles; Barysch, Katinka","The EU-Russia Energy Dialogue","","","","","","","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2014-09-04 18:31:40","","","","","","","","","","","","","Centre for European Reform","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IFWBMW7B","journalArticle","2009","Chow, Edward; Elkind, Jonathan","Where East Meets West: European Gas and Ukrainian Reality","The Washington Quarterly","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","","77–92","","1","32","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IGEJAA8K","journalArticle","1997","Fearon, James D.","Signaling Foreign Policy Interests Tying Hands Versus Sinking Costs","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/41/1/68","The author distinguishes between two types of costly signals that state leaders might employ in trying to credibly communicate their foreign policy interests to other states, whether in the realm of grand strategy or crisis diplomacy. Leaders might either (a) tie hands by creating audience costs that they will suffer ex post if they do not follow through on their threat or commitment (i.e., costs arising from the actions of domestic political audiences) or (b) sink costs by taking actions such as mobilizing troops that are financially costly ex ante. Analysis of a game model depicting the essentials of each case yields two principal results. First, in the games' equilibria, leaders never bluff with either type of signal; they do not incur or create costs and then fail to respond if challenged. Second, leaders do better on average by tying hands, despite the fact that the ability to do so creates a greater ex ante risk of war than does the use of sunk-cost signals. These results and the logic behind them may help explain some empirical features of international signaling, such as many crises' appearance as competitions in creating domestic political audience costs. They also generate empirical puzzles, such as why the seemingly plausible logic of inference that undermines bluffing in the model does not operate in all empirical cases.","1997","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2012-05-19","68–90","","1","41","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IGEKNQHJ","journalArticle","2014","Lorentzen, Peter; Landry, Pierre; Yasuda, John","Undermining Authoritarian Innovation: The Power of China’s Industrial Giants","The Journal of Politics","","0022-3816, 1468-2508","10.1017/S0022381613001114","http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0022381613001114","","2014-01","2014-09-04 20:32:13","2014-09-04 20:32:13","2014-09-04 20:32:13","182-194","","01","76","","","Undermining Authoritarian Innovation","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Lorentzen et al_2014_(Undermining Authoritarian Innovation).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IGGTX6FS","book","1992","Gramsci, Antonio","Prison notebooks","","0231060823","","","","","1992","2012-11-01 12:03:51","2014-09-04 20:23:20","","","","","","","","","","","","","Columbia University Press","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","DG575.G69 A5 1992","","","","","Communism","Communism","","","Buttigieg, Joseph A.; Callari, Antonio","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IGQ273XM","journalArticle","2014","Albin, Cecilia; Druckman, Daniel","Procedures matter: Justice and effectiveness in international trade negotiations","European Journal of International Relations","","1354-0661, 1460-3713","10.1177/1354066114523654","http://ejt.sagepub.com/content/20/4/1014","International negotiators have faced repeated stalemates in a number of significant areas. Justice issues are at the heart of the matter in many cases, as vividly illustrated by trade negotiations, particularly at the multilateral level. Yet, issues of justice have received limited attention in research on trade negotiation. This article asks: do trade negotiators who take justice principles into account arrive at more effective agreements? Specifically, it explores relationships between two types of justice during the negotiation process — procedural and distributive justice — and the effectiveness of outcomes (agreements) in 22 cases of bilateral and multilateral international trade negotiation. It evaluates the impacts of these types of justice on negotiation effectiveness. The results from analyses clearly demonstrate that procedural justice plays a central role in contributing to effective outcomes in both bilateral and multilateral trade cases. The correlations between procedural justice and effectiveness are very strong, and significantly stronger than between distributive justice and effectiveness. Moreover, distributive justice impacts upon effectiveness only when procedural justice principles are observed. These findings contribute knowledge about factors that enhance effective outcomes in international negotiations. They extend earlier work on justice in peace agreements and fill a gap in the research literature. They also provide advice for negotiators, and add important questions to the future research agenda.","2014-12-01","2015-06-30 15:57:28","2015-06-30 15:57:28","2015-06-30 15:57:28","1014-1042","","4","20","","European Journal of International Relations","Procedures matter","","","","","","","en","","","","","ejt.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Albin_Druckman_2014_(Procedures matter).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IGWUQ7BT","journalArticle","2000","Dollar, David; Svensson, Jakob","What explains the success or failure of structural adjustment programmes?","The Economic Journal","","","","","","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","","894–917","","466","110","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IH2T2RSN","journalArticle","2015","Clark, William Roberts; Golder, Matt","Big Data, Causal Inference, and Formal Theory: Contradictory Trends in Political Science?","PS: Political Science & Politics","","1537-5935","10.1017/S1049096514001759","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1049096514001759","","2015-01","2015-02-23 19:07:21","2015-02-23 19:07:21","2015-02-23 19:07:21","65–70","","01","48","","","Big Data, Causal Inference, and Formal Theory","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Clark_Golder_2015_(Big Data, Causal Inference, and Formal Theory).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IHFTGP4N","book","1987","Walt, Stephen M","The Origins of Alliances","","0801420547","","","","","1987","2012-05-05 12:09:28","2014-09-04 20:27:14","","","321","","","","","","Cornell studies in security affairs","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JX4005 .W335 1987","","","","","1945-; Alliances; Foreign relations; International relations; Middle East; Politics and government","1945-; Alliances; Foreign relations; Middle East; Politics and government","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IHHFMT9W","book","2006","Magaloni, Beatriz","Voting for autocracy: hegemonic party survival and its demise in Mexico","","0521862477","","","","","2006","2012-09-06 12:32:29","2014-09-04 20:24:56","","","296","","","","","Voting for autocracy","Cambridge studies in comparative politics","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge ; New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JL1298.R34 M34 2006","","","","","20th century; Democratization; hegemony; Mexico; politics; Politics and government; practical","Democratization; Mexico; Politics and government; Politics, Practical","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IIMAP3AF","journalArticle","2014","Duanmu, Jing-Lin","State-owned MNCs and host country expropriation risk: The role of home state soft power and economic gunboat diplomacy","Journal of International Business Studies","","0047-2506","10.1057/jibs.2014.16","http://www.palgrave-journals.com.proxy.library.georgetown.edu/jibs/journal/v45/n8/full/jibs201416a.html","Expropriation risk has a binding effect on foreign direct investment (FDI). However, state-owned multinational corporations may counter the monopoly power of the host state by leveraging the political influence of their home government. The magnitude of this counter force, we argue, may vary, depending on the strength of political relations between the home and host state, and the level of economic dependence of the host country on the home market. We find supporting evidence of our hypotheses using Chinese firm-level FDI information between 2003 and 2010.","2014-10","2014-11-13 23:35:48","2014-11-13 23:35:48","2014-11-13 23:35:48","1044-1060","","8","45","","J Int Bus Stud","State-owned MNCs and host country expropriation risk","","","","","","","en","© 2014 Academy of International Business","","","","www.palgrave-journals.com.proxy.library.georgetown.edu","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Duanmu_2014_(State-owned MNCs and host country expropriation risk).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IINFB52J","journalArticle","2014","Kindred Winecoff, W.","Bank Regulation, Macroeconomic Management, and Monetary Incentives in OECD Economies","International Studies Quarterly","","1468-2478","10.1111/isqu.12108","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/isqu.12108/abstract","This paper argues that banks operating in systems where monetary and regulatory authority are unified in a central bank expect and receive preferential monetary policies, and so act less prudently than do banks in non-unified systems. These incentives arise when the natural tension between counter-cyclical monetary policy and pro-cyclical regulatory policy is resolved in ways that benefit the banking sector. I test the hypothesis using time series cross-sectional regression models that exploit two types of policy interventions—accession to the European monetary union, and several reassignments of domestic regulatory authority—within OECD countries from 1992 to 2009, the period during which the international Basel accords harmonized key aspects of national regulatory standards. The results strongly support the claim that there is a relationship between risk behaviors of banks and the location of regulatory and monetary authority.","2014-09-01","2015-03-18 21:14:52","2015-03-18 21:14:52","2015-03-18 21:14:52","448-461","","3","58","","Int Stud Q","","","","","","","","en","© 2013 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IIWH2E83","journalArticle","2008","Aldy, Joseph E.; Stavins, Robert N.","Climate policy architectures for the post-Kyoto world","Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.3200/ENVT.50.3.6-17","","2008","2015-01-13 19:19:58","2015-01-13 19:19:58","2015-01-13 19:19:58","6–17","","3","50","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Aldy_Stavins_2008_(Climate policy architectures for the post-Kyoto world).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IJGM8BHD","bookSection","2012","Nolan, Peter A.; Thurber, Mark C.","On the state's choice of oil company: risk management and the frontier of the petroleum industry","Oil and Governance: State-owned enterprises and the world energy supply","","","","http://books.google.ca/books?hl=en&lr=&id=pBuV5z_hnngC&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&dq=Oil+and+governance:+state-owned+enterprises+and+the+world+energy+supply&ots=I_gTiZv4wM&sig=HGYZv7fPFHPpdXOQOFeMUmYgivE","","2012","2014-11-09 13:12:30","2014-11-09 20:53:21","2013-10-09 21:09:46","121-170","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge, UK","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","Victor, David G.; Hults, David R.; Thurber, Mark C.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IJT9VS3N","journalArticle","2010","Soskice, D.; Iversen, Torben; Soskice, David","Coevolution of Capitalism and Political Representation: The Choice of Electoral Systems","American Political Science Review","","","","http://dukespace.lib.duke.edu/dspace/handle/10161/3967","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2012-08-09","","","2","104","","","Coevolution of Capitalism and Political Representation","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IJUD624G","journalArticle","1986","Rey, Patrick; Tirole, Jean","The logic of vertical restraints","The American Economic Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1816460","","1986","2015-03-18 03:09:22","2015-03-18 03:09:22","2015-03-18 03:09:22","921–939","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1986/Rey_Tirole_1986_(The logic of vertical restraints)2.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IJUF5PHH","journalArticle","2015","Tello-Rozas, Sonia; Pozzebon, Marlei; Mailhot, Chantale","Uncovering micro-practices and pathways of engagement that scale up social-driven collaborations: a practice view of power","Journal of Management Studies","","1467-6486","10.1111/joms.12148","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/joms.12148/abstract","This paper explores how large-scale social-driven collaborations might grow in scale and help promote political change. We present the results of a qualitative investigation of a complex platform where multiple and hybrid collaborations co-exist and where civil society plays a central role. Based on a longitudinal comparative case study, we draw a processual model describing micro-practices and pathways of engagement. We show that the emergence of these collaborations requires a new type of convener, one that is able to manage the interplay between the sharing/co-creation of abundant resources and the coordinated decentralization of informal authority. Our study extends existing debates on the role of resources and authority, showing the complementarity between possession and practice perspectives of power. Finally, we identified synergies between collaboration and social movement literatures, particularly showing that large-scale collaborations could be mobilized to refine social movement agendas and achieve more purposive collective action. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.","2015-06-01","2015-06-30 10:51:34","2015-06-30 10:51:34","2015-06-30 10:51:34","n/a-n/a","","","","","Jour. of Manage. Stud.","Uncovering micro-practices and pathways of engagement that scale up social-driven collaborations","","","","","","","en","© 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd and Society for the Advancement of Management Studies","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Tello-Rozas et al_2015_(Uncovering micro-practices and pathways of engagement that scale up).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IJZN6ASK","journalArticle","2007","Buckley, Peter J.; Clegg, L. Jeremy; Cross, Adam R.; Liu, Xin; Voss, Hinrich; Zheng, Ping","The determinants of Chinese outward foreign direct investment","Journal of International Business Studies","","0047-2506","10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400277","http://www.palgrave-journals.com/jibs/journal/v38/n4/abs/8400277a.html","This study investigates the determinants of Chinese outward direct investment (ODI) and the extent to which three special explanations (capital market imperfections, special ownership advantages and institutional factors) need to be nested within the general theory of the multinational firm. We test our hypotheses using official Chinese ODI data collected between 1984 and 2001. We find Chinese ODI to be associated with high levels of political risk in, and cultural proximity to, host countries throughout, and with host market size and geographic proximity (1984–1991) and host natural resources endowments (1992–2001). We find strong support for the argument that aspects of the special theory help to explain the behaviour of Chinese multinational enterprises.","2007-05-24","2014-10-03 18:16:27","2014-10-03 18:16:27","2014-10-03 18:16:27","499-518","","4","38","","J Int Bus Stud","","","","","","","","en","","","","","www.palgrave-journals.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Buckley et al_2007_(The determinants of Chinese outward foreign direct investment).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IKARZZSX","journalArticle","2006","Abadie, Alberto; Imbens, Guido W.","Large Sample Properties of Matching Estimators for Average Treatment Effects","Econometrica","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3598929","Matching estimators for average treatment effects are widely used in evaluation research despite the fact that their large sample properties have not been established in many cases. The absence of formal results in this area may be partly due to the fact that standard asymptotic expansions do not apply to matching estimators with a fixed number of matches because such estimators are highly nonsmooth functionals of the data. In this article we develop new methods for analyzing the large sample properties of matching estimators and establish a number of new results. We focus on matching with replacement with a fixed number of matches. First, we show that matching estimators are not N1/2-consistent in general and describe conditions under which matching estimators do attain N1/2-consistency. Second, we show that even in settings where matching estimators are N1/2-consistent, simple matching estimators with a fixed number of matches do not attain the semiparametric efficiency bound. Third, we provide a consistent estimator for the large sample variance that does not require consistent nonparametric estimation of unknown functions. Software for implementing these methods is available in Matlab, Stata, and R.","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","","235–267","","1","74","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2006 The Econometric Society","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IKCKESRQ","journalArticle","2007","Anderson, P.","Jottings on the Conjuncture","New Left Review","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","","5","","","48","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IKJJNP2P","book","2014","Frieden, Jeffrey A.","Currency Politics: The Political Economy of Exchange Rate Policy","","","","","http://scholar.harvard.edu/files/jfrieden/files/toc_and_preface.pdf","","2014","2015-01-17 23:38:58","2015-01-17 23:38:58","2015-01-17 23:38:58","","","","","","","Currency Politics","","","","","Princeton University Press","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/BGFPN9XH/Frieden for Leitner.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IKM4HSB4","journalArticle","2004","Mares, Isabela","Economic Insecurity and Social Policy Expansion: Evidence from Interwar Europe","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3877802","What is the impact of economic insecurity on the development of institutions of social insurance? Existing studies have examined this question by exploring the impact of various measures of economic volatility on aggregate government expenditures or revenues. These aggregate data are, however, an imperfect proxy of the character of institutions of social protection. To overcome the limitations of earlier studies, this article explores the conditions under which economic insecurity leads to the extension of the level of social insurance coverage. I argue that economic insecurity sharpens a sectoral cleavage between coalitions in ""high-risk"" and ""low-risk"" sectors. Workers (and some employers) in high-risk sectors will favor the introduction of social insurance institutions characterized by broad levels of coverage and a high redistribution of costs across occupations. In contrast, a cross-class alliance in low-risk sectors will oppose proposals aiming at the introduction of redistributive social policies, fearing that these policies will turn them into subsidizers of high-risk industries. A redistributive social insurance policy will be introduced only if the ""high-risk"" coalition is larger. The article tests both the micro- and macro-level implications of this theory, by examining the development of unemployment insurance policies in interwar Europe.","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","","745–774","","4","58","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2004 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IM4CRZJ5","journalArticle","2014","Paterson, Matthew; Hoffmann, Matthew; Betsill, Michele; Bernstein, Steven","The Micro Foundations of Policy Diffusion Toward Complex Global Governance An Analysis of the Transnational Carbon Emission Trading Network","Comparative Political Studies","","0010-4140, 1552-3829","10.1177/0010414013509575","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/47/3/420","Greenhouse gas emissions trading (ET) systems have become the centerpiece of climate change policy at multiple scales, unexpectedly largely outside of the UN climate governance process. The diffusion of ET is best described as a case of polycentric diffusion, where ET systems diffused to multiple loci of governance, but where they all serve similar goals under a broad policy framework guided loosely by the UN-based climate regime. Using network analysis combined with qualitative data, we explain how this polycentric pattern of policy development emerged, who carried and spread it and how, and how the idea has spread into a polycentric governance system. We contribute to the policy diffusion literature in a novel way to explain diffusion toward polycentric governance, show the limits of the existing literature to explain the diffusion of ET, and show the utility of network analysis in understanding the process and mechanism of polycentric diffusion.","2014-03-01","2015-04-12 18:01:52","2015-04-12 18:01:52","2015-04-12 18:01:52","420-449","","3","47","","Comparative Political Studies","","","","","","","","en","","","","","cps.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Paterson et al_2014_(The Micro Foundations of Policy Diffusion Toward Complex Global Governance An).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IM5PAUAH","book","1983","Trebat, Thomas J.","Brazil's state-owned enterprises: a case study of the state as entrepreneur","","0521237165","","","","","1983","2014-11-14 01:28:54","2014-11-14 01:29:18","","","294","","","","","Brazil's state-owned enterprises","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD4093 .T727 1983","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IM6BPVZC","journalArticle","2001","Hart, Peter E.; Stork, David G.","Pattern classification","John Willey & Sons","","","","http://edlab-www.cs.umass.edu/cs589/2005-lectures/duda-hart-stork-chapter2.pdf","","2001","2014-09-29 02:21:59","2014-09-29 02:21:59","2014-09-29 02:21:59","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2001/Hart_Stork/Hart_Stork_2001_Pattern classification.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IM9QWTKU","journalArticle","2013","Guzzini, Stefano","The ends of International Relations theory: Stages of reflexivity and modes of theorizing","European Journal of International Relations","","1354-0661, 1460-3713","10.1177/1354066113494327","http://ejt.sagepub.com/content/19/3/521","International Relations theory is being squeezed between two sides. On the one hand, the world of practitioners and attached experts often perceive International Relations theory as misleading if it does not correspond to practical knowledge, and redundant when it does. The academic study of international relations can and should not be anything beyond the capacity to provide political judgement which comes through reflection on the historical experience of practitioners. On the other hand, and within its disciplinary confines, International Relations theory is reduced to a particular type of empirical theory with increasing resistance to further self-reflection. Instead, this article argues that neither reduction is viable. Reducing theory to practical knowledge runs into self-contradictions; reducing theorizing to its empirical mode underestimates the constitutive function of theories, the role of concepts, and hence the variety of necessary modes of theorizing. I present this twofold claim in steps of increasing reflexivity in International Relations theory and propose four modes of theorizing: normative, meta-theoretical, ontological/constitutive and empirical.","2013-09-01","2013-09-06 11:12:06","2013-09-06 11:12:06","2013-09-06 11:12:06","521-541","","3","19","","European Journal of International Relations","The ends of International Relations theory","","","","","","","en","","","","","ejt.sagepub.com","","","","","","","conceptual analysis; intellectual history; methodological pluralism; nature of theory in the social sciences; Norbert Elias; sociology of International Relations","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IMEZ53N2","journalArticle","2013","Sylvester, Christine","Experiencing the end and afterlives of International Relations/theory","European Journal of International Relations","","1354-0661, 1460-3713","10.1177/1354066113494322","http://ejt.sagepub.com/content/19/3/609","Having raised the question of whither the international at the end of International Relations a few years ago, this article treats the state of International Relations theory as a continuing endist issue for discussion. Of interest is the restructuring of the field in the post-Cold War years, partly as a result of debates about epistemologies and partly in light of the failure of realisms to lead International Relations to the door of the Soviet and Eastern Bloc collapse, which many thought it could. As the world globalized, so did International Relations, turning itself into a field of differences — theoretical, geographical, philosophical, methodological, and so on. Is this the end of International Relations or its new afterlife? I argue that there are signs that old topics of International Relations, like war, are being taken up in new ways and in new collaborations, such as those that feminist International Relations has forged. At the same time, many camps display the old International Relations tendency to elevate abstract thinking above quotidian international relations, even in the face of clear evidence that the agency of people played a major role in shifting Cold War and Middle East configurations of power. International Relations’ camps should strive less for their own distinctive analysis and more for communication with colleagues, ordinary people making today’s international relations and policy proponents.","2013-09-01","2013-09-06 11:15:36","2013-09-06 11:15:36","2013-09-06 11:15:36","609-626","","3","19","","European Journal of International Relations","","","","","","","","en","","","","","ejt.sagepub.com","","","","","","","feminist International Relations; International Relations camps; International Relations debates; International Relations journals; international relations theory; International Relations war studies","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IMGAG9NI","webpage","2014","Flakus, Greg","Mexico Opens Energy Sector, but Investors May Hesitate","Voice of America","","","","http://www.voanews.com/content/mexico-opens-energy-sector-but-investors-may-hesitate/2413883.html","Mexican President Enrique Pena Nieto signed into law on August 11 a number of changes to his country’s energy sector that are designed to open it to private investment for the first time sinc...","2014-08-14","2014-12-12 17:18:55","2014-12-14 16:15:08","2014-12-12 17:18:55","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IMPRNRP2","journalArticle","2001","Acemoglu, Daron; Robinson, James A.","A theory of political transitions","American Economic Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2677820","","2001","2015-12-08 20:31:07","2015-12-08 20:31:07","2015-12-08 20:31:07","938–963","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IN6XPAQ6","journalArticle","1993","Busch, Marc L.; Reinhardt, Eric R.","Nice Strategies in a World of Relative Gains: The Problem of Cooperation under Anarchy","The Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/174263","The debate between neoliberals and realists in the field of international relations draws heavily on the findings offered in Robert Axelrod's Evolution of Cooperation. Axelrod's well-known argument is that cooperation can emerge among egoists despite the absence of a central authority. This article assesses the robustness of Axelrod's findings in light of the realist critique that relative gains concerns make cooperation less likely than neoliberals contend. We build on an amended prisoner's dilemma (PD) game and conduct a computer simulation tournament in which we vary (1) the payoff structure and (2) Axelrod's population of strategies. The results indicate that cooperation can emerge even under strong relative gains concerns, so long as the population of strategies is sufficiently retaliatory. On the basis of this finding, we argue that the realist critique is overstated: the introduction of greater relative gains concerns does not necessarily limit the prospects for cooperation among states.","1993","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2012-09-20","427–445","","3","37","","","Nice Strategies in a World of Relative Gains","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1993 Sage Publications, Inc.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IN9U5QZA","journalArticle","1996","Powell, R.","Bargaining in the Shadow of Power","Games and Economic Behavior","","","","","","1996","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","","255–289","","","15","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "INNMX8ZE","journalArticle","1993","Posen, Barry R.","The security dilemma and ethnic conflict","Survival","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00396339308442672","","1993","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2012-09-06","27–47","","1","35","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "INPDCNAA","journalArticle","1994","Garen, John E.","Executive Compensation and Principal-Agent Theory","Journal of Political Economy","","0022-3808","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2138783","The empirical literature on executive compensation generally fails to specify a model of executive pay on which to base and test hypotheses regarding its determinants. In contrast, this paper analyzes a simple principal-agent model to determine how well it explains variations in CEO incentive pay and salaries. Many findings are consistent with the basic intuition of principal-agent models that compensation is structured to trade off incentives with insurance. However, statistical significance for some of the effects is weak, although the magnitudes are large. Also, there is little evidence of the use of relative performance pay. Nevertheless, while puzzles remain, it seems clear that principal-agent considerations play a role in setting executive compensation.","1994-12-01","2014-11-06 21:23:35","2014-11-06 21:23:35","2014-11-06 21:23:35","1175-1199","","6","102","","Journal of Political Economy","","","","","","","","","Copyright © 1994 The University of Chicago Press","","","","JSTOR","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1994/Garen_1994_(Executive Compensation and Principal-Agent Theory).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IP4D7BWM","book","1967","Polanyi, Michael","The Tacit Dimension","","","","","","Back in print for a new generation of students and scholars, this volume challenges the assumption that skepticism, rather than established belief, lies at the ...","1967","2014-09-12 00:56:53","2014-09-12 00:56:53","","","","","","","","","","","","","London, Routledge & K. Paul","","","","","","","PhilPapers","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IPABXACZ","journalArticle","2006","Goddard, Stacie E.","Uncommon Ground: Indivisible Territory and the Politics of Legitimacy","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3877867","In Jerusalem, Ireland, Kosovo, and Kashmir, indivisible territory underlies much of international conflict. I argue whether or not territory appears indivisible depends on how actors legitimate their claims to territory during negotiations. Although actors choose their legitimations strategically, in order to gain a political advantage at the bargaining Table, legitimation strategies have unintended structural consequences: by resonating with some actors and not others, legitimations either build ties between coalitions and allow each side to recognize the legitimacy of each other's claims, or else lock actors into bargaining positions where they are unable to recognize the legitimacy of their opponent's demands. When the latter happens, actors come to negotiations with incompatible claims, constructing the territory as indivisible. I apply this legitimation theory to Ulster, arguing this territory's indivisibility was not inevitable, but a product of actors' legitimation strategies as they battled for support over the issue of Ireland's right to self-rule.","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2014-09-04 18:31:59","","35–68","","1","60","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2006 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IPEWUT3C","journalArticle","1979","Kobrin, Stephen J.","Political risk: A review and reconsideration","Journal of International Business Studies","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/154371","","1979","2014-11-04 21:11:45","2014-11-04 21:11:45","2014-11-04 21:11:45","67–80","","","","","","Political risk","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1979/Kobrin_1979_(Political risk).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IPFXAHB7","book","1999","D'Anieri, Paul J.; Kuzio, Taras.; Kravchuk, Robert S.","Politics and society in Ukraine","","081333537X","","","","","1999","2012-05-10 17:34:22","2014-09-04 20:22:33","","","","","","","","","","","","","Westview Press","Boulder, Colo.","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Political culture – Ukraine.; Post-communism – Ukraine.; Social change – Ukraine.; Ukraine – Politics and government\textbary1991-; Ukraine – Social conditions\textbary1991-","Political culture -- Ukraine.; Post-communism -- Ukraine.; Social change -- Ukraine.; Ukraine -- Politics and government|y1991-; Ukraine -- Social conditions|y1991-","","","","Kuzio, Taras.; Kravchuk, Robert S.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IPTAMJH7","journalArticle","2001","Lake, David A.","Beyond Anarchy: The Importance of Security Institutions","International Security","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3092080","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2013-01-09","129–160","","1","26","","","Beyond Anarchy","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2001 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IPTVCB9T","journalArticle","2015","Hochman, Gal; Zilberman, David","The political economy of OPEC","Energy Economics","","0140-9883","10.1016/j.eneco.2015.01.002","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014098831500016X","We develop a conceptual model that captures OPEC pricing behavior, and apply it to explain the large gap observed between domestic fuel prices in OPEC countries and prices in the rest of the world. We model OPEC as a cartel of nations, not firms, and assume that politicians use two instruments: production quotas and domestic fuel consumption subsidies. The cartel-of-nations model suggests that introduction of alternatives to petroleum products may lead OPEC to reduce exports and increase domestic fuel consumption. The empirical analysis suggests that when OPEC sets production quotas, it places similar weights on consumer and producer surplus. But when OPEC countries set domestic fuel subsidies, on average 6% more weight is given to consumer surplus with some of the OPEC countries pursuing very aggressive domestic cheap fuel policies.","2015-03","2015-06-30 11:55:07","2015-06-30 11:55:07","2015-06-30 11:55:07","203-216","","","48","","Energy Economics","","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Hochman_Zilberman_2015_(The political economy of OPEC).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IQ6N4GKI","manuscript","2010","boyd, danah; Golder, Scott; Lotan, Gilad","TweetTweetRetweet.pdf","","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IQ9H4V2D","journalArticle","2009","Naufal, George; Termos, Ali","The responsiveness of remittances to price of oil: the case of the GCC","OPEC Energy Review","","","","http://econpapers.repec.org/article/blaopecrv/v_3a33_3ay_3a2009_3ai_3a3-4_3ap_3a184-197.htm","We investigate the responsiveness of remittances from the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries to the changes in the price of crude oil. Most of the GCC countries rank in the top 20 remitting countries in the world. We find that oil price elasticity of remittances is around 0.4. While most studies have examined the impact of remittances on the real economic activities in the receiving countries, this study emphasises the impact of remittances on the remitting countries. We examine various policy implications with regard to macroeconomic shocks, monetary policy and fiscal policy of the GCC countries. Copyright 2009 The Authors. Journal compilation 2009 Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries.","2009","2015-09-14 21:09:08","2015-09-14 21:09:08","2015-09-14 21:09:08","184-197","","3-4","33","","","The responsiveness of remittances to price of oil","","","","","","","","","","","","RePEc - Econpapers","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/B3TCDWD4/v_3a33_3ay_3a2009_3ai_3a3-4_3ap_3a184-197.html","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IQGPHFKV","journalArticle","2003","Parachini, John","Putting WMD terrorism into perspective","The Washington Quarterly","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1162/016366003322387091","So‐called new terrorists may not always escalate to unconventional weapons. Inordinate attention on the comparatively unique challenges of WMD terrorism draws scarce resources and focus away from the more basic but essential activities to stop terrorism in the first place.","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2012-09-07","37–50","","4","26","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IQQM4I8A","journalArticle","2011","Yildiz, Muhamet","Bargaining with Optimism","Annual Review of Economics","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-economics-061109-080334","Excessive optimism is a prominent explanation for bargaining delays. Recent results demonstrate that optimism plays a subtle role in bargaining, and its careful analysis may shed valuable insights into negotiation behavior. This article reviews some of these results, focusing on the following findings. First, when there is a nearby deadline, optimistic players delay the agreement to the last period before the deadline, replicating a broad empirical regularity known as the deadline effect. Second, there cannot be a substantial delay under persistent optimism; i.e., excessive optimism alone cannot explain delays. Third, when optimistic players are expected to learn during the negotiation, they delay the agreement in order to persuade their opponents. The delays in these results can be quite costly, Pareto inefficient, and common knowledge at the beginning of the game.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2012-09-06","451–478","","1","3","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","delay; heterogeneous priors","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IQRZI99J","journalArticle","1995","Brouthers, Keith D.","The influence of international risk on entry mode strategy in the computer software industry","MIR: Management International Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/40228256","","1995","2014-11-04 21:04:01","2014-11-04 21:04:01","2014-11-04 21:04:01","7–28","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IRBQF4C3","journalArticle","2008","Annonymous","Medvedev's Russia: The Strategic Impact","Defense & Foreign Affairs Strategic Policy","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","","2008–2008","","2","36","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IRDKWWDR","report","2015","Hopkins, Daniel J.; Pettingill, Lindsay M.","Economic Voting in Big-City U.S. Mayoral Elections","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2567294","Retrospective voting is a central explanation for voters' support of incumbents. Yet despite the variety of conditions facing American cities, past research has devoted little attention to retrospective voting for mayors. Local economic conditions are widely reported, making them one likely source of retrospective voting. To test that possibility, we turn to the largest data set to date on big-city mayoral elections between 1990 and 2011. Neither crime rates nor property values consistently influence incumbent mayors' vote shares, nor do changes in local conditions. However, low city-level unemployment relative to national unemployment correlates with higher incumbent support. The urban voter is a particular type of retrospective voter, one who compares local economic performance to conditions elsewhere. Moreover, these effects are present only in cities that dominate their media markets. At a time when the audiences for local media are declining, this research suggests that those outlets play a critical role in facilitating retrospective voting.","2015-02-19","2015-03-13 13:07:48","2015-03-13 13:07:48","2015-03-13 13:07:48","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Hopkins_Pettingill_2015_(Economic Voting in Big-City U).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2567294","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IRHMDIVR","journalArticle","2009","Cohen, Benjamin J.","Striking a nerve","Review of International Political Economy","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09692290802524166","ABSTRACT In this final word on the special issue on the American school of international political economy (IPE), I reflect on four questions raised by the contributing authors. First, to what extent is there a transatlantic divide in IPE? Second, what is the difference between the American and British schools of IPE? Third, what are the strengths of each school? Fourth, what can and should be done about the divide?","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2014-09-04 18:31:31","","136–143","","1","16","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IRQBSUHG","journalArticle","2009","Wright, Lindsay","Pipeline Politics : Russia's Natural Gas Diplomacy","Pipeline & Gas Journal","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IT4H3KNQ","journalArticle","2008","Wilson, E. J.","Hard Power, Soft Power, Smart Power","The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2014-09-04 18:31:41","","110–124","","1","616","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ITA74M2E","journalArticle","1998","von Hirschhausen, Christian; Engerer, Hella","Post-Soviet gas sector restructuring in the CIS: a political economy approach","Energy Policy","","","","","","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","","1113–1123","","15","26","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","cis; delete; Gas; regulatory reform; rename","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ITIN6B6T","journalArticle","2012","Lawson, George","The eternal divide? History and International Relations","European Journal of International Relations","","","","http://ejt.sagepub.com/content/18/2/203","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2012-11-01","203–226","","2","18","","","The eternal divide?","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ITJFZ6Z5","report","2009","Ravichandran, Dr Krishnamurthy","Effect of Financial Crisis over Mergers and Acquisitions in GCC Countries","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1360249","The merger and acquisition (M&A) activities have grown significantly around the world over the last two decades, the amount and volume of mergers and acquisitions is reaching a record braking levels. Major factors underlying this process are attributed to emergence of globalization, low cost funding and current financial turmoil, hence the need to create large entities to be able to compete for seeking out growth and profits. In addition, the increase in capital flows across national boundaries due to economic reform programs and market liberalization in developing countries. Another key factor causing growing M&A is the increased globalization of investment seeking higher rates of return and the opportunity to diversify risk, and many businesses recognize the uncompromising demand to venture overseas, or within their region. Mergers and acquisitions are nowadays frequent events in organizational lives. The two terms are normally used interchangeably in strategic investment decisions, distinction among mergers and acquisitions are necessary. Mergers of equals involve two entities of relatively equal stature coming together and taking the best of each company. An acquisition involves a much easier process of fitting one smaller company into the existing acquiring firm. As the current financial crisis, the financial markets are being subjected to the volatile and uncertain environment, and markets have entered a vicious cycle of asset deleveraging, price declines, and investor redemptions. Credit spreads spiked to distressed levels, and major equity indices dropped by about 25 percent in October 2008. Furthermore, Weakening global demand is depressing commodity prices. Oil prices have declined by over 50 percent since their peak in 12 July, 2008, retreating to levels not seen since early 2007 - reflecting the major global downturn. So, this situation will drive a slew of M&A activities across the region in the light of the financial turmoil and collapse of Mortgage market, because many industries and sectors have hit by this financial turmoil. In our view, the M&A activities will be one of the solutions that governments and institutional investors have in the current situation. Despite of the gloomy forecast of global economy, the local governments are still a vital part of M&A activities such as American International Group Inc., the New York-based insurer controlled by the U.S. government. But the forecast of M&A in 2009 refers to the appetite for the large takeover deals that fuelled the boom of the past two years has vanished. This may help drive smaller deals, as robust companies buy competitors weakened by the tight credit markets. Moreover, every sector will have a handful of acquisitive companies that can take advantage of relatively strong equity and credit positions.","2009-03-15","2015-06-14 20:57:05","2015-06-14 20:57:05","2015-06-14 20:57:05","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Ravichandran_2009_(Effect of Financial Crisis over Mergers and Acquisitions in GCC Countries)2.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 1360249","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ITN362Q7","book","1970","Tanzer, Michael","The political economy of international oil and the underdeveloped countries","","0807047953","","","","","1970","2015-05-05 10:28:27","2015-05-05 10:28:27","","","435","","","","","","Beacon paperback","","","","Beacon Press","Boston","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD9560.5 .T35 1970","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ITXR52RP","journalArticle","2008","McCrary, Justin","Manipulation of the running variable in the regression discontinuity design: A density test","Journal of Econometrics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304407607001133","","2008","2015-02-02 23:08:59","2015-02-02 23:08:59","2015-02-02 23:08:59","698–714","","2","142","","","Manipulation of the running variable in the regression discontinuity design","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/McCrary_2008_(Manipulation of the running variable in the regression discontinuity design).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IU5VQH7B","journalArticle","2015","Hall, Andrew B.; Snyder Jr, James M.","How Much of the Incumbency Advantage is Due to Scare-Off?","Political Science Research and Methods","","","","http://scholar.harvard.edu/files/jsnyder/files/chall_quality_rdd.pdf","","2015","2015-05-06 16:19:08","2015-05-06 16:19:26","2015-05-06 16:19:08","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Hall_Snyder Jr_2015_(How Much of the Incumbency Advantage is Due to Scare-Off).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IUEG96TN","journalArticle","2007","Habyarimana, J.; Humphreys, M.; Posner, D. N; Weinstein, J. M","Why does ethnic diversity undermine public goods provision?","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2014-09-04 18:31:54","","709","","4","101","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IUJVIFBJ","book","2011","","Enterprising China: business, economic, and legal developments since 1979","","9780199205837 0199205833 9780199205820 0199205825","","","","","2011","2015-04-29 08:32:03","2015-04-29 08:32:20","","","364","","","","","Enterprising China","","","","","Oxford University Press","Oxford","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","KNQ3190 .Y84 2011","","","","","","","Yueh, Linda Y.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IUZ7MFAM","journalArticle","2009","Cao, X.","Networks of intergovernmental organizations and convergence in domestic economic policies","International Studies Quarterly","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","","1095–1130","","4","53","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IV2IS6UN","report","1993","Card, D.; Krueger, A. B.","Minimum wages and employment: A case study of the fast food industry in New Jersey and Pennsylvania","","","","","","","1993","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","","","","","","","","","","","","","National Bureau of Economic Research","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IVFBM5V7","journalArticle","1993","Friman, H. Richard","Side-payments versus security cards: Domestic bargaining tactics in international economic negotiations","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0020818300028009","","1993","2015-02-17 13:39:34","2015-02-17 13:39:34","2015-02-17 13:39:34","387–410","","03","47","","","Side-payments versus security cards","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1993/Friman_1993_(Side-payments versus security cards).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IVPISIT5","journalArticle","2011","Plouffe, Michael","The New Political Economy of Trade: Heterogeneous Firms and Trade Preferences","SSRN Working Paper","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1900256","Trade engagement varies significantly at the firm level across industries: both importing and exporting are rare behaviors. Furthermore, some firms in import-competing sectors engage in exporting, while many firms in export-oriented industries do not export. Existing models of the political economy of trade both ignore this reality and cannot explain its political implications. I introduce product differentiation and heterogeneous firms to political economy models of trade, generating a theory that improves upon existing homogenous-firm models and provides a theoretical framework for research on the political economy of internationalization. By focusing on firm characteristics and behaviors, argue that productivity influences firms' attitudes towards trade policy. I find support for my argument in the analysis of original survey data from Japan.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2014-12-02 17:18:31","2012-09-20","","","","","","","The New Political Economy of Trade","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Firm Heterogeneity; International Political Economy; Japan; Survey Analysis; Trade Politics","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IW422AN6","journalArticle","2014","McManus, Roseanne W.","Fighting words The effectiveness of statements of resolve in international conflict","Journal of Peace Research","","0022-3433, 1460-3578","10.1177/0022343314539826","http://jpr.sagepub.com/content/51/6/726","This article examines the effectiveness of public statements of resolve in international conflict. Several prominent theories, including domestic audience cost theory and theories regarding international reputation, suggest that issuing resolved statements can help a leader achieve a more favorable outcome in conflict bargaining. Because they entail costs for backing down, these statements are believed to credibly convey resolve to an adversary. This can help to alleviate the uncertainty created by private information about resolve and persuade the adversary to back down. Despite the prevalence of this theoretical logic, the effectiveness of statements of resolve at influencing conflict outcomes has rarely been subjected to direct tests, and some recent empirical work has raised doubts about statements’ effectiveness. This article is the first to directly examine the effect of resolved statements on conflict outcomes using large-N analysis. It introduces original data, created using content analysis, which directly measure the level of resolved statements made by US presidents during militarized interstate disputes (MIDs). Analysis of these data demonstrates that a higher level of resolved statements is indeed associated with a greater chance of prevailing in disputes. This finding is substantively significant and robust, providing support for the argument that public statements play an important role in international conflict.","2014-11-01","2015-06-30 15:58:49","2015-06-30 15:58:49","2015-06-30 15:58:49","726-740","","6","51","","Journal of Peace Research","","","","","","","","en","","","","","jpr.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/McManus_2014_(Fighting words The effectiveness of statements of resolve in international).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IWAQNT7W","journalArticle","2003","Hoffman, B.","Al Qaeda, trends in terrorism, and future potentialities: An assessment","Studies in Conflict & Terrorism","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10576100390248275","","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2012-10-26","429–442","","6","26","","","Al Qaeda, trends in terrorism, and future potentialities","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IWEU7JHH","journalArticle","2009","Akkermans, D.; Castaldi, C.; Los, B.","Do 'liberal market economies' really innovate more radically than 'coordinated market economies'?: Hall and Soskice reconsidered","Research Policy","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048733308002187","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2012-08-09","181–191","","1","38","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IX8V5IGD","journalArticle","1992","Kitschelt, Herbert","Political regime change: structure and process-driven explanations?","American Political Science Review","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0003055400091292","","1992","2015-12-08 20:28:47","2015-12-08 20:28:47","2015-12-08 20:28:47","1028–1034","","04","86","","","Political regime change","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1992/Kitschelt_1992_(Political regime change).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IXEUIGVK","journalArticle","2014","Elman, Colin; Kapiszewski, Diana","Data Access and Research Transparency in the Qualitative Tradition","PS: Political Science & Politics","","1537-5935","10.1017/S1049096513001777","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1049096513001777","As an abstract idea, openness is difficult to oppose. Social scientists from every research tradition agree that scholars cannot just assert their conclusions, but must also share their evidentiary basis and explain how they were reached. Yet practice has not always followed this principle. Most forms of qualitative empirical inquiry have taken a minimalist approach to openness, providing only limited information about the research process, and little or no access to the data underpinning findings. What scholars do when conducting research, how they generate data, and how they make interpretations or draw inferences on the basis of those data, are rarely addressed at length in their published research. Even in book-length monographs which have an extended preface and footnotes, it can sometimes take considerable detective work to piece together a picture of how authors arrived at their conclusions.","2014-01","2015-02-23 19:02:48","2015-02-23 19:02:48","2015-02-23 19:02:48","43–47","","01","47","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Elman_Kapiszewski_2014_(Data Access and Research Transparency in the Qualitative Tradition).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IXKNXID5","journalArticle","2012","Arocena, Pablo; Oliveros, Diana","The efficiency of state-owned and privatized firms: Does ownership make a difference?","International Journal of Production Economics","","0925-5273","10.1016/j.ijpe.2012.06.029","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925527312002745","This paper compares the pre- and post-privatization efficiency of a sample of state-owned enterprises privatized in Spain with the efficiency of their closest private competitors. We perform a two-stage double bootstrap data envelopment analysis model. In the first stage the efficiency is estimated through a bootstrapped data envelopment analysis, and then followed in the second stage by a bootstrapped truncated regression. Our results provide evidence that (i) there were no significant differences in efficiency between the state-owned enterprises and their private counterparts before privatization; and (ii) the efficiency of newly privatized firms significantly increased after their privatization, while private competitors showed no significant improvement during the same post-privatization period.","2012-11","2014-11-13 23:33:20","2014-11-13 23:33:20","2014-11-13 23:33:20","457-465","","1","140","","International Journal of Production Economics","The efficiency of state-owned and privatized firms","Sustainable Development of Manufacturing and Services","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Arocena_Oliveros_2012_(The efficiency of state-owned and privatized firms).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IZ92BPP6","journalArticle","2013","Asche, Frank; Misund, B\a ard; Sikveland, Marius","The relationship between spot and contract gas prices in Europe","Energy Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988313000340","Abstract Following deregulations in the European gas market, spot trading of natural gas has been established in the UK, Belgium and the Netherlands, while long-term contracts remain the dominant pricing process in continental Europe. In this paper we investigate the degree of market integration between the three spot markets, the contract gas price in Germany and the oil price. The results indicate a highly integrated market, and there is no evidence of an independent price determination process for natural gas.","2013","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2013-09-03","212–217","","","38","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Gas spot market; Long term gas supply contracts","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IZDWW8A3","journalArticle","1999","McKeown, Timothy J.","Case Studies and the Statistical Worldview: Review of King, Keohane, and Verba's Designing Social Inquiry: Scientific Inference in Qualitative Research","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2601375","Gary King, Robert O. Keohane, and Sydney Verba's Designing Social Inquiry exploits the metaphor of researcher-as-statistician to develop guidelines for conducting social scientific research that are allegedly applicable to all empirical investigations. Their approach has sharp and often unflattering implications for case studies and similar research strategies. Because their statistical worldview is unable to make sense of important aspects of case study research or of the importance that is sometimes attached to the findings of a single case, their argument seemingly casts doubt on the wisdom of producing or consuming such studies. I argue that the foundation of classical statistics and the epistemology of Carl Hempel and Karl Popper is an inadequate and misleading basis for a critical evaluation of case studies. I then present examples of research that are not easily accommodated within the authors' framework and sketch the elements of an alternative epistemological framework rooted in a ""pattern"" model of explanation. The latter is a standpoint that is much more helpful in understanding and criticizing case studies than the framework presented in Designing Social Inquiry.","1999","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","","161–190","","1","53","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1999 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "IZQF5GQV","book","1987","Rabinow, Paul.; Sullivan, William M.","Interpretive social science : a second look","","0520058364","","","","","1987","2012-05-09 15:02:46","2014-09-04 20:25:54","","","","","","","","Interpretive social science","","","","","University of California Press","Berkeley","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","sciences.; social","Social sciences.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J22H33EM","journalArticle","2005","Alexander, M. G.; Levin, S.; Henry, P. J.","Image theory, social identity, and social dominance: Structural characteristics and individual motives underlying international images","Political Psychology","","","","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:32:03","2014-09-04 18:32:03","","27–45","","1","26","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J2UMTK29","journalArticle","2006","Acemoglu, D.; Robinson, J. A","Economic backwardness in political perspective","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","","115–131","","1","100","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J35JSBA2","report","2010","NATO","Strategic Concept for the Defence and Security of the Members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization","","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","","11","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J3IS5A7B","conferencePaper","2011","Conover, M. D.; Ratkiewicz, J.; Francisco, M.; Goncalves, B.; Flammini, A.; Menczer, F.","Political polarization on twitter","Proc. 5th Intl. Conference on Weblogs and Social Media","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2014-09-04 18:31:41","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J3MFU9PQ","journalArticle","2007","Subramanian, Arvind; Wei, Shang-Jin","The WTO promotes trade, strongly but unevenly","Journal of International Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022199606001140","","2007","2014-02-07 19:43:41","2014-02-07 19:43:41","2014-02-07 19:43:41","151–175","","1","72","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J3QNR2KZ","journalArticle","1988","Grieco, Joseph M.","Anarchy and the Limits of Cooperation: A Realist Critique of the Newest Liberal Institutionalism","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2706787","The newest liberal institutionalism asserts that, although it accepts a major realist proposition that international anarchy impedes cooperation among states, it can nevertheless affirm the central tenets of the liberal institutionalist tradition that states can achieve cooperation and that international institutions can help them work together. However, this essay's principal argument is that neoliberal institutionalism misconstrues the realist analysis of international anarchy and therefore it misunderstands realism's analysis of the inhibiting effects of anarchy on the willingness of states to cooperate. This essay highlights the profound divergences between realism and the newest liberal institutionalism. It also argues that the former is likely to be proven analytically superior to the latter.","1988","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2012-05-05","485–507","","3","42","","","Anarchy and the Limits of Cooperation","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J43IKABA","journalArticle","2007","Tymoshenko, Yuliya","Containing Russia","Foreign Affairs","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2014-09-04 18:31:53","","","","May/June","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J4585IX7","journalArticle","2001","Dewenter, Kathryn L.; Malatesta, Paul H.","State-Owned and Privately Owned Firms: An Empirical Analysis of Profitability, Leverage, and Labor Intensity","The American Economic Review","","0002-8282","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2677913","","2001-03-01","2014-11-06 21:24:45","2014-11-06 21:24:45","2014-11-06 21:24:45","320-334","","1","91","","The American Economic Review","State-Owned and Privately Owned Firms","","","","","","","","Copyright © 2001 American Economic Association","","","","JSTOR","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2001/Dewenter_Malatesta_2001_(State-Owned and Privately Owned Firms).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J4D5AW45","journalArticle","2004","Lizardo, Omar","The cognitive origins of Bourdieu's habitus","Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-5914.2004.00255.x/full","","2004","2014-09-12 00:53:35","2014-09-12 00:53:35","2014-09-12 00:53:35","375–401","","4","34","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2004/Lizardo_2004_(The cognitive origins of Bourdieu's habitus).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J4FVQW7S","journalArticle","2014","Hutchison, Emma; Bleiker, Roland","Theorizing emotions in world politics","International Theory","","1752-9727","10.1017/S1752971914000232","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1752971914000232","Emotions play an increasingly important role in international relations research. This essay briefly surveys the development of the respective debates and then offers a path forward. The key challenge, we argue, is to theorize the processes through which individual emotions become collective and political. We further suggest that this is done best by exploring insights from two seemingly incompatible scholarly tendencies: macro theoretical approaches that develop generalizable propositions about political emotions and, in contrast, micro approaches that investigate how specific emotions function in specific circumstances. Applying this framework we then identify four realms that are central to appreciating the political significance of emotions: (1) the importance of definitions; (2) the role of the body; (3) questions of representation; and (4) the intertwining of emotions and power. Taken together, these building blocks reveal how emotions permeate world politics in complex and interwoven ways and also, once taken seriously, challenge many entrenched assumptions of international relations scholarship.","2014-11","2015-06-30 16:11:09","2015-06-30 16:11:09","2015-06-30 16:11:09","491–514","","03","6","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Hutchison_Bleiker_2014_(Theorizing emotions in world politics).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J4GCSPK5","journalArticle","1989","Farrell, J.; Gibbons, R.","Cheap talk can matter in bargaining","Journal of economic theory","","","","","","1989","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","","221–237","","1","48","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J4PN5KVJ","book","2007","OECD Staff","International Investment Perspectives 2007","","9789264037489 9264037489","","","http://www.sourceoecd.org/9789264037571","Annotation The global environment for foreign direct investment (FDI) improved in 2006 with investment inflows in OECD countries reaching US$ 910 billion their highest level since the record year 2000. Cross-border mergers and acquisitions a central component of FDI continued to grow in 2007 and could be headed for their highest-ever levels. These developments have given rise to concerns in some quarters. The public opinion in many OECD countries has for some time focused on the risk of jobs being lost through delocalisation of parts of domestic companies' value chains. And policy makers have become concerned about foreign acquisition of ""strategic"" industries, including enterprises with access to sensitive technology and natural resources. Against this stands the fact that the internationalisation of business through investment and trade has been one of the main value-enhancing influences in the global economy over the last decade. This is shown by the rapid growth and fuller integration in international economic structures of a number of emerging economies, who have emerged as important sources of outward direct investment.This volume of International Investment Perspectives contains two main analytic sections. The first addresses an apparent growth in discriminatory practices toward cross-border investment in recent years motivated by concerns about national security and related essential concerns. Four articles summarise work done so far by OECD in the run-up to the G8 Summit in June 2007, where the issue figured prominently on the agenda. The articles consider the costs of excessive restrictiveness, examine the degree to which authorities may self-judge what constitutes ""security"", and propose a methodology for scoreboarding the restrictiveness of investment regulation. The second main section focuses on the new opportunities arising from FDI and the changing nature of the international economy in which investment takes place. One article explores the linkages between FDI and intellectual assets, in particular the degree to which international investment may boost, or diminish, the knowledge base in host economies. Another article examines the importance of small and medium-sized enterprises for FDI, including through their linkages with larger companies","2007","2014-09-29 02:16:18","2014-09-29 02:16:18","2014-09-29 02:16:18","","","","","","","","","","","","Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development Central Book Services [Distributor]","Washington; Mitcham","English","","","","","Open WorldCat","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/OECD Staff_2007_(International Investment Perspectives 2007).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J56MRHFR","journalArticle","2011","Tingley, D. H.; Walter, B. F.","Can Cheap Talk Deter? An Experimental Analysis","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2014-09-04 18:31:54","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J5AHM7KB","bookSection","1996","Deaux, K.","Social Identification","Social psychology: Handbook of basic principles","","","","","","1996","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:22:35","","","","","","","","","","","","","Guilford","New York","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Kruglanski, A.; Higgins, E. T.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J5FEABEH","journalArticle","2012","Wang, Albert Z.","Optimal platform search policy: An analysis of search in auction platforms with buyer participation constraints","","","","","","","2012","2014-09-29 02:14:56","2014-09-29 02:14:56","","","","","","","","Optimal platform search policy","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Wang_2012_(Optimal platform search policy).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J5IUJZKR","journalArticle","2012","Aggarwal, V. K.; Evenett, S. J.","Industrial policy choice during the crisis era","Oxford Review of Economic Policy","","0266-903X, 1460-2121","10.1093/oxrep/grs017","http://oxrep.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/doi/10.1093/oxrep/grs017","","2012-06-01","2015-05-06 10:49:31","2015-05-06 10:49:31","2015-05-06 10:49:31","261-283","","2","28","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Aggarwal_Evenett_2012_(Industrial policy choice during the crisis era).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J5WN5EE2","journalArticle","2013","Brockman, Paul; Rui, Oliver M.; Zou, Huan","Institutions and the performance of politically connected M&As","Journal of International Business Studies","","","","http://www.palgrave-journals.com/jibs/journal/v44/n8/abs/jibs201337a.html","","2013","2014-11-22 17:51:21","2014-11-22 17:51:21","2014-11-22 17:51:21","833–852","","8","44","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J62ZJZPB","journalArticle","2005","Schneider, Gerald","Capacity and concessions: Bargaining power in multilateral negotiations","Millennium-Journal of International Studies","","","","http://mil.sagepub.com/content/33/3/665.short","","2005","2015-02-17 13:42:25","2015-02-17 13:42:25","2015-02-17 13:42:25","665–689","","3","33","","","Capacity and concessions","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2005/Schneider_2005_(Capacity and concessions).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J6B2BIJW","journalArticle","2010","Hopkins, D. J.; King, G.","A method of automated nonparametric content analysis for social science","American Journal of Political Science","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2014-09-04 18:31:54","","229–247","","1","54","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J6CMCIMU","bookSection","2009","Nexon, D.","Relationalism and new systems theory","New Systems Theories of World Politics","","","","","","2009","2012-05-02 14:26:28","2014-09-04 20:25:30","","","","","","","","","","","","","Palgrave","New York","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","Wendt, Alexander; Cederman, L. E.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J6FGQMDG","book","2010","El-Gamal, Mahmoud A.; Jaffe, Amy","Oil, dollars, debt, and crises: the global curse of black gold","","9780521720700","","","","","2010","2014-11-05 13:45:11","2014-11-05 13:47:37","","","217","","","","","Oil, dollars, debt, and crises","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD9560.5 .E42 2010","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J6HNRT6V","journalArticle","2010","Kehl, Jenny R.","Oil, Water, Blood and Diamonds:International Intervention in Resource Disputes","International Negotiation","","1382-340X, 1571-8069","10.1163/157180610X529609","http://booksandjournals.brillonline.com/content/journals/10.1163/157180610x529609","","2010-10-01","2015-11-21 14:19:25","2015-11-21 14:19:48","2015-11-21 14:19:25","391-412","","3","15","","","Oil, Water, Blood and Diamonds","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Kehl_2010_(Oil, Water, Blood and Diamonds).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J6KMJXI4","book","1976","Blair, John Malcolm","The control of oil","","0394494709","","","","","1976","2013-10-10 12:27:07","2013-10-10 12:27:14","","","441","","","","","","","","","","Pantheon Books","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD9560.6 .B55","","","","","Energy","Petroleum industry and trade; United States","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J6PETRBV","document","2015","Valeri, Marc","Simmering Unrest and Succession Challenges in Oman","","","","","http://carnegieendowment.org/2015/01/28/simmering-unrest-and-succession-challenges-in-oman","The uncertain health of the sultan of Oman has heightened concern about the future of the country, the most personalized of all Gulf monarchies. Many Omanis have long equated the country with its ruler, Qaboos bin Said Al Said, who won their loyalty by building up a state and a national identity centered on himself. However, amid mounting popular frustration, criticism of Qaboos has emerged, as has anxiety about what will follow his reign. There are several measures the regime can undertake to avoid further unrest.","2015-01","2015-07-21 11:36:22","2015-07-21 11:37:51","","","","","","","","","","","","","Carnegie Endowment for International Peace","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/3KX9CUFS/omani_spring.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J75G7X7H","journalArticle","2009","Malesky, Edmund J.","Foreign Direct Investors: Agents of Economic Transition. An Instrumental Variables Analysis","Quarterly Journal of Political Science","","","","http://irps.ucsd.edu/assets/026/9428.pdf","","2009","2014-11-27 23:20:15","2014-11-27 23:20:15","2014-11-27 23:20:15","59–85","","1","4","","","Foreign Direct Investors","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Malesky_2009_(Foreign Direct Investors).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J7IKKZGD","journalArticle","2002","Kahn, K. F.; Kenney, P. J.","The slant of the news: How editorial endorsements influence campaign coverage and citizens' views of candidates","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","","381–394","","2","96","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J7IU7QPF","journalArticle","2004","Thunder, David","Back to basics: Twelve rules for writing a publishable article","Political Science and Politics","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S1049096504004779","","2004","2015-02-26 21:24:53","2015-02-26 21:24:53","2015-02-26 21:24:53","493–495","","03","37","","","Back to basics","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2004/Thunder_2004_(Back to basics).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J7KE5UN7","journalArticle","2008","Adler, E.","The Spread of Security Communities: Communities of Practice, Self-Restraint, and NATO's Post-Cold War Transformation","European Journal of International Relations","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","","195–230","","2","14","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J8EFIFAA","book","1968","Gray, Jack","Chinese communism in crisis; Maoism and the cultural revolution","","","","","","","1968","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","","","","","","","","","","","","","Praeger","New York","","","","","","","","LCCN: DS777.55 .G684 1968","","","","1949-1976; China; Politics and government","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J8FGE7BD","journalArticle","2012","Brennan, Patrick","Subsidiarity in the Tradition of Catholic Social Doctrine","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2182190","This chapter is an invited contribution to the first English-language comparative study of subsidiarity, M. Evans and A. Zimmerman (eds.), Subsidiarity in Comp","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2012-11-29","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Catholic social doctrine; common good; service; social justice; society; solidarity; sovereignty; State; subsidiarity","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J95J6KN7","magazineArticle","2011","","Big Oil’s bigger brothers","The Economist","","0013-0613","","http://www.economist.com/node/21534794","A high oil price is great for oil companies, but it also attracts competitors","2011-10-29","2014-11-05 14:05:57","2014-11-05 14:05:57","2014-11-05 14:05:57","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","The Economist","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J96IR7TV","journalArticle","2015","Gelman, Andrew; Zelizer, Adam","Evidence on the deleterious impact of sustained use of polynomial regression on causal inference","Research & Politics","","2053-1680","10.1177/2053168015569830","http://rap.sagepub.com/content/2/1/2053168015569830","It is common in regression discontinuity analysis to control for third- or fifth-degree polynomials of the assignment variable. Such models can overfit, leading to causal inferences that are substantively implausible and that arbitrarily attribute variation to the high-degree polynomial or the discontinuity. This paper examines two recent studies that make use of regression discontinuity to discuss evident practical problems with these estimates and how they interact with pathologies of the current system of scientific publication. First, we discuss a recent study that estimates the effect on air pollution and life expectancy of a coal-heating policy in China. The reported effects, based on a third-degree polynomial, are statistically significant but substantively dubious, and are sensitive to model choice. This study is indicative of a category of policy analyses where strong claims are based on weak data and methodologies which permit the researcher wide latitude in presenting estimated treatment effects. We then replicate a procedure from Green et al., in which regression discontinuity is used to recover estimated treatment effects relative to an experimental benchmark, to illustrate one practical problem with the regression discontinuity estimates in the coal-heating paper: high-degree polynomials yield noisy estimates of treatment effects that do not accurately convey uncertainty. We recommend that (a) researchers consider the problems which may result from controlling for higher-order polynomials; and (b) that journals recognize that quantitative analyses of policy issues are often inconclusive and relax the implicit rule under which statistical significance is a condition for publication.","2015-03-01","2015-04-20 14:16:21","2015-04-20 14:16:21","2015-04-20 14:16:21","2053168015569830","","1","2","","","","","","","","","","en","© The Author(s) 2015. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work as published without adaptation or alteration, without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (http://www.uk.sagepub.com/aboutus/openaccess.htm).","","","","rap.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Gelman_Zelizer_2015_(Evidence on the deleterious impact of sustained use of polynomial regression on).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J9G8SWFR","journalArticle","2013","Strzalecki, Tomasz","Temporal resolution of uncertainty and recursive models of ambiguity aversion","Econometrica","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.3982/ECTA9619/abstract","","2013","2013-09-17 10:05:54","2013-09-17 10:05:54","2013-09-17 10:05:54","1039–1074","","3","81","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Bargaining; Game Theory","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J9GPAVGQ","journalArticle","2001","King, Gary; Honaker, James; Joseph, Anne; Scheve, Kenneth","Analyzing Incomplete Political Science Data: An Alternative Algorithm for Multiple Imputation","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3117628","We propose a remedy for the discrepancy between the way political scientists analyze data with missing values and the recommendations of the statistics community. Methodologists and statisticians agree that ""multiple imputation"" is a superior approach to the problem of missing data scattered through one's explanatory and dependent variables than the methods currently used in applied data analysis. The discrepancy occurs because the computational algorithms used to apply the best multiple imputation models have been slow, difficult to implement, impossible to run with existing commercial statistical packages, and have demanded considerable expertise. We adapt an algorithm and use it to implement a general-purpose, multiple imputation model for missing data. This algorithm is considerably faster and easier to use than the leading method recommended in the statistics literature. We also quantify the risks of current missing data practices, illustrate how to use the new procedure, and evaluate this alternative through simulated data as well as actual empirical examples. Finally, we offer easy-to-use software that implements all methods discussed.","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","","49–69","","1","95","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2001 American Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "J9NJWH4R","book","1975","Crozier, Michel; Huntington, Samuel P.; Watanuki, Jōji; Trilateral Commission","The crisis of democracy: report on the governability of democracies to the Trilateral Commission","","0814713645","","","","","1975","2013-05-13 16:36:30","2014-09-04 20:22:30","","","220","","","","","The crisis of democracy","","","","","New York University Press","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JC421 .C86","","","","","Democracy; Europe; Japan; Politics and government; United States","Europe; Japan; Politics and government; United States","","","","Huntington, Samuel P.; Watanuki, Jōji","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "JA3N7H5B","book","2007","Balmaceda, Margarita","Energy dependency, politics and corruption in the former Soviet Union : Russia's power, oligarchs' profits and Ukraine's missing energy policy, 1995-2006","","9780415437790","","","","","2007","2012-05-08 19:59:50","2014-09-04 20:13:37","2012-05-08 19:59:50","","","","","","","Energy dependency, politics and corruption in the former Soviet Union","","","","","Routledge","New York","","","","","","search1.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Energy policy – Russia (Federation); Energy policy – Ukraine.; Russia (Federation) – Foreign relations\textbarzUkraine.; Ukraine – Foreign relations\textbarzRussia (Federation)","Energy policy -- Russia (Federation); Energy policy -- Ukraine.; Russia (Federation) -- Foreign relations|zUkraine.; Ukraine -- Foreign relations|zRussia (Federation)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "JA7I547K","magazineArticle","2014","","Leviathan as capitalist","The Economist","","0013-0613","","http://www.economist.com/news/business/21604553-state-capitalism-continues-defy-expectations-its-demise-leviathan-capitalist","State capitalism continues to defy expectations of its demise","2014-06-21","2015-02-18 00:42:00","2015-02-18 00:42:00","2015-02-18 00:42:00","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","The Economist","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "JACSUZUZ","book","2012","Tocqueville, Alexis de; Nolla, Eduardo; Schleifer, James T.","Democracy in America","","9780865978409","","","","","2012","2012-09-06 16:19:34","2014-09-04 20:27:05","","","2","","","","","","","","","","Liberty Fund","Indianapolis","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JK216 .T713 2012","","","","","Democracy; Politics and government; Social conditions; To 1865; United States","Politics and government; Social conditions; To 1865; United States","","","","Nolla, Eduardo; Schleifer, James T.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","English ed","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "JAQPXMUZ","journalArticle","2012","Johnson, Tana; Urpelainen, Johannes","A Strategic Theory of Regime Integration and Separation","International Organization","","1531-5088","10.1017/S0020818312000264","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0020818312000264","States frequently disagree on the importance of cooperation in different issue areas. Under these conditions, when do states prefer to integrate regimes instead of keeping them separated? We develop a strategic theory of regime integration and separation. The theory highlights the nature of spillovers between issues. Positive spillovers exist when cooperation in one issue area aids the pursuit of objectives in another issue area; negative spillovers exist when cooperation in one issue area impedes this pursuit in another issue area. Conventional wisdom suggests that both positive and negative spillovers foster greater integration. We argue that negative spillovers encourage integration while positive spillovers do not. States integrate not to exploit positive spillovers between issues but to mitigate negative spillovers. To test our theory, we examine the degree of integration or separation among environmental regimes.","2012-10","2014-10-27 16:32:33","2014-10-27 16:32:33","2014-10-27 16:32:33","645–677","","04","66","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Johnson_Urpelainen_2012_(A Strategic Theory of Regime Integration and Separation).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "JB4THBVG","journalArticle","2002","Nancy, Jean-Luc -. L.; Hanson, Susan","L'Intrus","CR: The New Centennial Review","","","","","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","","1–14","","3","2","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "JB8KEQV8","journalArticle","1989","Morrow, James D.","Capabilities, uncertainty, and resolve: A limited information model of crisis bargaining","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2111116","","1989","2015-02-17 13:33:27","2015-02-17 13:36:39","2015-02-17 13:33:27","941–972","","4","33","","","Capabilities, uncertainty, and resolve","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "JBERCESQ","journalArticle","2009","Frangie, S.","Bourdieu's Reflexive Politics: Socio-Analysis, Biography and Self-Creation","European Journal of Social Theory","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","","213–229","","2","12","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "JBGVU6WF","journalArticle","","Gaikwad, Nikhar","East India Companies and Long-Term Economic Change in India","","","","","https://ncgg.princeton.edu/IPES/2014/papers/F1130_rm3.pdf","","","2015-12-14 23:37:09","2015-12-14 23:37:09","2015-12-14 23:37:09","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files/Gaikwad_(East India Companies and Long-Term Economic Change in India).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "JBT7R75A","newspaperArticle","2014","Sevastopulo, Tom Burgis with Demetri","China in Africa: how Sam Pa became the middleman","Financial Times","","0307-1766","","http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/2/308a133a-1db8-11e4-b927-00144feabdc0.html#axzz3LhhlfghP","On his way home from Nelson Mandela’s memorial service in December, Ernest Bai Koroma, the president of Sierra Leone, stopped off in Angola to discuss an investment in his war-scarred nation. Fellow guests in the dining room of a golden skyscraper","2014-08-08","2014-12-12 17:02:26","2014-12-12 17:02:26","2014-12-12 17:02:26","","","","","","","China in Africa","","","","","","","","","","","","Financial Times","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/AF3AFXSX/308a133a-1db8-11e4-b927-00144feabdc0.html","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "JCN2Z5G2","journalArticle","1989","Holmstrom, Bengt R.; Tirole, Jean","The theory of the firm","Handbook of industrial organization","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1573448X89010058/pdf?md5=001b6cf6a4ae232e9827150e082e8ca4&pid=1-s2.0-S1573448X89010058-main.pdf&_valck=1","","1989","2015-03-18 03:07:12","2015-03-18 03:07:12","2015-03-18 03:07:12","61–133","","","1","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1989/Holmstrom_Tirole_1989_(The theory of the firm).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "JCPQDIST","journalArticle","1998","Smith, Alastair","International Crises and Domestic Politics","The American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2585485","Audience costs enable leaders to make credible commitments and to communicate their intentions to their adversaries during a crisis. I explain audience costs by simultaneously modeling crisis behavior and the domestic reelection process. I assume that a leader's ability influences the outcome of a crisis. As such, voters use outcomes as a signal of their leaders' quality. Leaders have incentives to make statements that deter their enemies abroad, since these statements also enhance their standing at home. Yet, such ""cheap talk"" foreign policy declarations are only credible when leaders suffer domestically if they fail to fulfill their commitments. In equilibrium, false promises are only made by the least competent types of leaders. Leaders that break their promises suffer electorally. Because initial domestic conditions and institutional arrangements affect the vulnerability of leaders to these domestic costs, such factors influence the credibility of policy declarations and, therefore, the crisis outcome.","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2013-04-22","623–638","","3","92","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1998 American Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "JE87BWBD","journalArticle","2014","Krane, Jim; Wright, Steven","Qatar ‘rises above’ its region: Geopolitics and the rejection of the GCC gas market","Kuwait Program on Development, Governance and Globalization in the Gulf States","","","","http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/55336/","","2014","2015-05-29 09:44:15","2015-05-29 09:46:13","2015-05-29 09:44:15","","","35","","","","Qatar ‘rises above’its region","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Krane_Wright_2014_(Qatar ‘rises above’ its region).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "JEK7XZB4","journalArticle","2013","Victor, David G.","National Oil Companies and the Future of the Oil Industry","Annual Review of Resource Economics","","","10.1146/annurev-resource-091912-151856","http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-resource-091912-151856","Ever since the 1970s, a small number of national oil companies (NOCs) have dominated the world supply of oil and other hydrocarbons. Despite the huge influence that NOCs have on political economy, systematic scholarship remains surprisingly thin. I examine the factors that explain the wide variation in the strategy and performance of NOCs and survey the literature that has suggested the many ways in which NOCs play pivotal political and economic roles in resource-rich countries. As we look to the future, the fate of NOCs hinges on the price of oil, which may be eroded as new supplies (largely outside the control of most NOCs), such as deep water and shale oil, affect global markets.","2013","2015-04-12 17:28:07","2015-04-12 17:28:07","2015-04-12 17:28:07","445-462","","1","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Victor_2013_(National Oil Companies and the Future of the Oil Industry).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "JER74JDP","journalArticle","2004","Mengistae, Taye; Xu, Lixin Colin","Agency Theory and Executive Compensation: The Case of Chinese State‐Owned Enterprises","Journal of Labor Economics","","0734-306X","10.1086/jole.2004.22.issue-3","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/383109","This article examines the extent to which agency theory may explain chief executive officer (CEO) compensation in Chinese state‐owned enterprises during the 1980s. We find support for the agency theory: CEO pay sensitivity decreases with the variance of performance. Moreover, the performance sensitivity of CEO pay increases with the marginal return to executive action. While the elasticity of pay to sales is slightly smaller than that found for conventional firms in the West generally, our estimate of the semielasticity of pay with respect to profitability is comparable with estimates for regulated industries in the United States.","2004-07-01","2014-11-06 21:25:03","2014-11-06 21:25:03","2014-11-06 21:25:03","615-637","","3","22","","Journal of Labor Economics","Agency Theory and Executive Compensation","","","","","","","","Copyright © 2004 The University of Chicago","","","","JSTOR","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2004/Mengistae_Xu_2004_(Agency Theory and Executive Compensation).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "JEUGNSH2","journalArticle","2011","Elcheroth, Guy; Doise, Willem; Reicher, Stephen","On the Knowledge of Politics and the Politics of Knowledge: How a Social Representations Approach Helps Us Rethink the Subject of Political Psychology","Political Psychology","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","","729–758","","5","32","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "JEW2TWU4","journalArticle","2006","Daojiong, Zha","China's energy security: Domestic and international issues","Survival","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00396330600594322","","2006","2013-10-10 12:46:34","2013-10-10 12:46:34","2013-10-10 12:46:34","179–190","","1","48","","","China's energy security","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "JFSAGZTD","book","1999","Gigerenzer, Gerd; Todd, Peter M.; ABC Research Group","Simple heuristics that make us smart","","0195121562","","","","","1999","2015-04-18 00:17:06","2015-04-18 00:17:06","","","416","","","","","","Evolution and cognition","","","","Oxford University Press","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","BD260 .G54 1999","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1999/Gigerenzer_Todd_1999_(Simple heuristics that make us smart).pdf","","","","","","","ABC Research Group","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "JFUZR2RN","book","2006","Jabko, Nicolas","Playing the Market: A Political Strategy for Uniting Europe, 1985-2005","","0801444632","","","","","2006","2012-05-05 11:56:07","2014-09-04 20:24:11","","","206","","","","","Playing the Market","Cornell studies in political economy","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca, N.Y","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JN30 .J32 2006","","","","","1989-; Economic integration; Europe; European Union countries; Politics and government","1989-; Economic integration; Europe; European Union countries; Politics and government","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "JFV2D43M","book","2014","Hendrix, Cullen S.; Noland, Marcus","Confronting the curse: the economics and geopolitics of natural resource governance","","","","","http://bookstore.piie.com/book-store/6765.html","","2014","2015-01-29 00:56:31","2015-01-29 01:26:33","","","188","","","","","Confronting the curse","","","","","Peterson Institute for International Economics","Washington, DC","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HC85 .N65 2014","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "JG29ZFSR","webpage","2014","Garcia, David Alire","Erasing Argentina's energy deficit could take a decade: YPF CEO","Reuters","","","","http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/09/26/us-ypf-oil-argentina-idUSKCN0HL2GI20140926","CANCUN Mexico (Reuters) - It will take Argentina up to a decade and as much as $200 billion in investment to erase an energy output deficit, the chief executive officer of national oil company YPFVolume 35, Number 4, November 2013
","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "S62DDTQP","journalArticle","2013","Tan, Xiaomei","China's overseas investment in the energy/resources sector: Its scale, drivers, challenges and implications","Energy Economics","","0140-9883","10.1016/j.eneco.2012.11.019","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988312003179","Since 2005, China has greatly enhanced its presence in the global landscape of outward foreign direct investment (OFDI). The total volume of China's OFDI has exceeded $200 billion in the past five years. The number will further rise as China looks for outlets to spend its $3 trillion in foreign exchange reserves. China's emergence as a global direct investor entails a number of consequences, which are yet to be understood. This study seeks to shed light on how corporate China extends its reaches overseas, what are the policy drivers and who are the key decision makers, from the perspective of the energy/resources sector. The goal is to better understand how to reap the financial benefits of corporate China's marching into the global marketplace.","2013-03","2014-10-02 13:06:15","2014-10-02 13:06:15","2014-10-02 13:06:15","750-758","","","36","","Energy Economics","China's overseas investment in the energy/resources sector","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Tan_2013_(China's overseas investment in the energy-resources sector).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "S699B238","journalArticle","2015","Nyhan, Brendan; Montgomery, Jacob M.","Connecting the Candidates: Consultant Networks and the Diffusion of Campaign Strategy in American Congressional Elections","American Journal of Political Science","","1540-5907","10.1111/ajps.12143","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ajps.12143/abstract","Modern American political campaigns are typically conceptualized as “candidate-centered” and treated as conditionally independent in quantitative analyses. In reality, however, these campaigns are linked by professional consulting firms, which are important agents of campaign strategy diffusion within the extended party networks of the contemporary era. To test our hypothesis that consultants disseminate campaign strategies among their clients, we analyze new data on U.S. House elections derived from Federal Election Commission records. Using spatial autoregressive models, we find that candidates who share consultants are more likely to use similar campaign strategies than we would otherwise expect, conditional on numerous explanatory variables. These results, which largely withstand an extensive series of robustness and falsification tests, suggest that consultants play a key role in diffusing strategies among congressional campaigns.","2015-02-01","2015-04-16 19:36:04","2015-04-16 19:36:04","2015-04-16 19:36:04","292-308","","2","59","","American Journal of Political Science","Connecting the Candidates","","","","","","","en","©2014, Midwest Political Science Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Nyhan_Montgomery_2015_(Connecting the Candidates).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "S6B7CHCN","report","2013","Noël, Pierre","EU Gas Supply Security: Unfinished Business","","","","","http://www.eprg.group.cam.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/1308-Full.pdf","","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2013-09-03","","","","","","","EU Gas Supply Security","","","","","Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "S6EXT43F","book","1996","Katzenstein, Peter J","The Culture of National Security: Norms and Identity in World Politics","","0231104685","","","","","1996","2012-05-05 11:59:23","2014-09-04 20:24:26","","","562","","","","","The Culture of National Security","","","","","Columbia University Press","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","UA10.5 C85 1996","","","","","Nationalism; National security; Social institutions","Nationalism; National security; Social institutions","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "S6FMNDJW","journalArticle","2007","Victor, David G.","What resource wars?","National Interest","","","","http://graduateinstitute.ch/files/live/sites/iheid/files/shared/summer/IA2011/EM1.pdf","","2007","2014-09-24 22:33:33","2014-09-24 22:33:33","2014-09-24 22:33:33","48","","","92","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Victor_2007_(What resource wars).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "S6VQCN3E","journalArticle","2005","Tyldum, Guri; Brunovskis, Anette","Describing the unobserved: Methodological challenges in empirical studies on human trafficking","International Migration","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0020-7985.2005.00310.x/full","","2005","2015-03-20 13:33:37","2015-03-20 13:33:37","2015-03-20 13:33:37","17–34","","1-2","43","","","Describing the unobserved","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2005/Tyldum_Brunovskis_2005_(Describing the unobserved).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "S76ICMCD","journalArticle","2000","Garfinkel, M. R; Skaperdas, S.","Conflict without misperceptions or incomplete information","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","","","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","","793–807","","6","44","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "S78VENTE","journalArticle","2005","Klibanoff, Peter; Marinacci, Massimo; Mukerji, Sujoy","A smooth model of decision making under ambiguity","Econometrica","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-0262.2005.00640.x/abstract","","2005","2013-09-17 10:06:20","2013-09-17 10:06:20","2013-09-17 10:06:20","1849–1892","","6","73","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Bargaining; Game Theory","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "S7BQKX9H","journalArticle","1997","Piazolo, Daniel","Trade Integration between Eastern and Western Europe: Policies Follow the Market","Journal of Economic Integration","","","","http://sejong.metapress.com/index/k6q32dv1q0dmgrww.pdf","","1997","2013-11-15 10:58:45","2013-11-15 10:58:45","2013-11-15 10:58:45","259–297","","3","12","","","Trade Integration between Eastern and Western Europe","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "S7XAPT5Q","book","1999","D'Anieri, Paul J.","Economic interdependence in Ukrainian-Russian relations","","0791442454","","","","","1999","2012-05-10 17:34:22","2014-09-04 20:22:32","","","","","","","","","","","","","State University of New York Press","Albany","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Economic security – Ukraine.; Russia (Federation) – Foreign economic relations\textbarzUkraine.; Ukraine – Economic conditions\textbary1991-; Ukraine – Foreign economic relations\textbarzRussia (Federation)","Economic security -- Ukraine.; Russia (Federation) -- Foreign economic relations|zUkraine.; Ukraine -- Economic conditions|y1991-; Ukraine -- Foreign economic relations|zRussia (Federation)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "S8GSFW87","journalArticle","1995","Shugart, Matthew Soberg","The electoral cycle and institutional sources of divided presidential government","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/2082428","","1995","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2013-03-17","327–343","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "S8GW32MM","journalArticle","1997","Betts, Richard K.","Should Strategic Studies Survive?","World Politics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/25054025","Political science attends to causes and consequences of war but only fitfully welcomes study of its conduct, because few grasp how much the dynamics of combat shape politics. Bernard Brodie called for development of strategic studies on the model of the discipline of economics, because neither the military nor academia treated the subject rigorously. His call was answered in the early cold war, with mixed results. Theories about nuclear deterrence burgeoned while empirical studies of war lagged. The late-cold war impasse in nuclear strategy, rooted in NATO doctrine, shifted attention to conventional military operations and empirically grounded theory. Since the cold war, research on general theoretical questions about war and peace has been prospering, but education in military matters has been eroding. Interdisciplinary strategic studies integrate political and military elements of international conflict, but there is no recognized discipline of military science; military analysis is smuggled into political science and history departments, where it is resisted by calls to conceptualize security broadly or focus on purely theoretical work. If serious military studies are squeezed out of universities, there will be no qualified civilian analysts to provide independent expertise in policy and budget debates, and decisions on war and peace will be made irresponsibly by uninformed civilians or by the professional military alone.","1997","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2013-01-09","7–33","","1","50","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1997 Trustees of Princeton University","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "S8KJXXNJ","journalArticle","2014","Ritz, Robert A.","On Welfare Losses Due to Imperfect Competition","The Journal of Industrial Economics","","1467-6451","10.1111/joie.12038","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/joie.12038/abstract","Corporate managers and executive compensation in many industries place significant emphasis on measures of firm size, such as sales revenue or market share. Such objectives have an important—yet thus far unquantified—impact on market performance. With n symmetric firms, equilibrium welfare losses are of order 1/n4, and thus vanish extremely quickly. Welfare losses are less than 5% for many empirically relevant market structures, despite significant firm asymmetry and industry concentration. They can be estimated using only basic information on market shares. These results also apply to oligopsonistic competition (e.g., for retail bank deposits) and strategic forward trading (e.g., in restructured electricity markets).","2014-03-01","2015-05-04 16:20:03","2015-05-04 16:20:03","2015-05-04 16:20:03","167-190","","1","62","","J Ind Econ","","","","","","","","en","© 2014 The Editorial Board of The Journal of Industrial Economics and John Wiley & Sons Ltd","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Ritz_2014_(On Welfare Losses Due to Imperfect Competition).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "S8NJXWB3","journalArticle","2012","Gustafson, Thane","Putin's Petroleum Problem","Foreign Affairs","","","","http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/138363/thane-gustafson/putins-petroleum-problem","Since the fall of the Soviet Union, Russia has become increasingly addicted to oil, which has underwritten bad policies and allowed Putin to buy off key constituencies and the masses. But petroleum could also hold the key to Russia's salvation. The supply of cheap oil is running out, and Russia's best hope of responding to the coming crunch is making the sort of changes liberal reformers have been pushing for years.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2013-03-04","","","November/December 2012","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Energy; Russian Federation","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "S8S5XVJE","journalArticle","2011","Brands, Hal; Palkki, David","Saddam, Israel, and the Bomb: Nuclear Alarmism Justified?","International Security","","","","http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ISEC_a_00047","Efforts to understand Saddam Hussein's strategic thought have long been hampered by the opacity and secrecy of the Baathist regime. Newly available, high-level Iraqi archival documentation demonstrates that in the late 1970s and early 1980s, Saddam viewed nuclear weapons through a fundamentally coercive, revisionist lens. He had long hoped to wage a grinding war of attrition against the Israeli state, and he believed that Iraqi acquisition of the bomb would neutralize Israeli nuclear threats, force the Jewish state to fight at the conventional level, and thereby allow Iraq and its Arab allies (with their larger economic and population base) to prosecute a prolonged war that would displace Israel from the territories occupied in 1967. These findings have implications for the existing theoretical literature on the causes and consequences of nuclear proliferation, as well as for the growing body of work on “nuclear alarmism.” The Iraqi case undermines the thesis that states proliferate primarily because of defensive concerns. Saddam certainly viewed possession of the bomb as a means of enhancing Iraq's security, but his attraction to nuclear weapons revolved around offensive objectives. Saddam hoped to exploit the deterrent balance with Israel to initiate a bloody conventional war that would have likely been immensely destructive and destabilizing for the Middle East as a whole. In other words, though Saddam never obtained nuclear weapons, his views on their potential utility give good cause for both pessimism and alarm.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2013-01-09","133–166","","1","36","","","Saddam, Israel, and the Bomb","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "S8T4VWET","book","2003","Sagan, Scott Douglas; Waltz, Kenneth N.","The Spread of Nuclear Weapons: A Debate Renewed ; with New Sections on India and Pakistan, Terrorism, and Missiledefense","","0393977471","","","","","2003","2012-05-05 13:31:01","2014-09-04 20:26:07","","","220","","","","","The Spread of Nuclear Weapons","","","","","Norton","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","U264 .S233 2003","","","","","Arms race; Ballistic missile defenses; Nuclear nonproliferation; Nuclear terrorism; Nuclear weapons","Arms race; Ballistic missile defenses; Nuclear nonproliferation; Nuclear terrorism; Nuclear weapons","","","","Waltz, Kenneth N.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","2nd ed.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "S95IUGGT","report","2013","Meunier-Aitsahalia, Sophie","Divide and Conquer: How China Can Exploit the Multiplicity of Investment Rules in the EU","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2299677","For over fifty years, the European Union (EU) was not an actor of foreign investment policy. Member States had the authority to negotiate bilateral investment treaties (BIT) with third countries and did so with gusto, concluding more than 1,200 BITs – almost half of such agreements in the world. This lack of internal EU cohesiveness created costs for Europe, notably in terms of bargaining leverage over market access and norms. The 2009 Lisbon Treaty formally transferred competence over foreign direct investment (FDI) to the EU, which became in theory a unified actor with respect to both outbound and inbound FDI. However, many political and legal ambiguities surround the true extent of the EU's authority and autonomy over foreign investment. This paper argues that the surge of Chinese FDI into Europe, which is taking place simultaneously to this transition to a new EU foreign investment regime, has the potential to influence the final shape of this regime by exerting both centripetal and centrifugal pressures.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2013-09-03","","","","","","","Divide and Conquer","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","","","","","","","BIT; China; Common Commercial Policy; EU; FDI; investment; single voice","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2299677","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "S9HG2X6K","journalArticle","2011","Oatley, Thomas","The Reductionist Gamble : Open Economy Politics in the Global Economy","International Organization","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","","311–341","","","65","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "S9M9QCE5","journalArticle","2008","Siegel, David A","Social Networks and Collective Action","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2008.00361.x/full","Despite growing attention to the role of social context in determining political participation, the effect of the structure of social networks remains little examined. This article introduces a model of interdependent decision making within social networks, in which individuals have heterogeneous motivations to participate, and networks are defined via a qualitative typology mirroring common empirical contexts. The analysis finds that some metrics for networks' influence—size, the prevalence of weak ties, the presence of elites—have a more complex interaction with network structure and individual motivations than has been previously acknowledged. For example, in some contexts additional network ties decrease participation. This presents the potential for selection bias in empirical studies. The model offers a fuller characterization of the role of network structure and predicts expected levels of participation across network types and distributions of motivations as a function of network size, weak and strong ties, and elite influence.","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2012-05-18","122–138","","1","53","","","","","","","","","","en","\copyright2009, Midwest Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "S9SFA4HA","journalArticle","1990","Ikenberry, G. John; Kupchan, Charles A.","Socialization and Hegemonic Power","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2706778","Hegemons exercise power in the international system not only by manipulating material incentives but also by altering the substantive beliefs of elites in other nations. Socialization–the process through which leaders in these secondary states embrace a set of normative ideals articulated by the hegemon–plays an important role both in establishing an international order and in facilitating the functioning of that order. This article develops the notion of socialization in the international system and examines three hypotheses about the conditions under which it occurs and can function effectively as a source of power. The first hypothesis is that socialization occurs primarily after wars and political crises, periods marked by international turmoil and restructuring as well as by the fragmentation of ruling coalitions and legitimacy crises at the domestic level. The second is that elite (as opposed to mass) receptivity to the norms articulated by the hegemon is essential to the socialization process. The third hypothesis is that when socialization does occur, it comes about primarily in the wake of the coercive exercise of power. Material inducement triggers the socialization process, but socialization nevertheless leads to outcomes that are not explicable simply in terms of the manipulation of material incentives. These hypotheses are explored in the historical case studies of U.S. diplomacy after World Wars I and II and the British colonial experience in India and Egypt.","1990","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","","283–315","","3","44","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1990 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "S9SM4ST6","journalArticle","2014","Ahmadov, Anar K.","Oil, Democracy, and Context A Meta-Analysis","Comparative Political Studies","","0010-4140, 1552-3829","10.1177/0010414013495358","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/47/9/1238","A considerable debate precludes drawing conclusions about oil’s effect on democracy. This article challenges this stalemate by significantly expanding the scope of the previous research and using meta-regression analysis to examine the integrated results of extant scholarship. While the results suggest a nontrivial negative association between oil and democracy across the globe, they also indicate a notable variation in this relationship across world regions and institutional contexts. A conditioning effect of institutions may lie more in a broader set of economic and political institutions, less so in previous political regime, but not in institutions associated with British colonial past. Finally, while oil does not seem to impede democracy by retarding two key channels of modernization—income and urbanization—it may have an indirect negative effect on democracy through its adverse impact on education.","2014-08-01","2014-09-08 20:30:27","2014-09-08 20:30:27","2014-09-08 20:30:27","1238-1267","","9","47","","Comparative Political Studies","","","","","","","","en","","","","","cps.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Ahmadov_2014_(Oil, Democracy, and Context A Meta-Analysis).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SAAK9V2K","journalArticle","2004","Iverson, Grant L.; Gaetz, Michael; Lovell, Mark R.; Collins, Michael W.","Cumulative effects of concussion in amateur athletes","Brain Injury","","","","http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02699050310001617352","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2013-04-02","433–443","","5","18","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SAAZCHMW","journalArticle","2005","Harrison, Graham","The World Bank, governance and theories of political action in Africa","The British Journal of Politics & International Relations","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-856X.2005.00175.x/full","","2005","2013-05-13 16:18:14","2014-09-04 20:23:40","2013-05-13 16:18:14","240–260","","2","7","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SAFZFHHQ","journalArticle","2007","Hanson, Philip","The Russian economic puzzle: going forwards, backwards or sideways?","International Affairs","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","","869–889","","5","83","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SAK8ATN2","journalArticle","2012","Gartzke, E.; Weisiger, Alex","Fading Friendships: Alliances, Affinities and the Activation of International Identities","British Journal of Political Science","","","","","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","","","","","forthcoming","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SAQ5QQE2","book","1977","Keohane, Robert O.; Nye, Joseph S","Power and Interdependence: World Politics in Transition","","","","","","","1977","2012-05-06 19:54:04","2014-09-04 20:24:28","","","273","","","","","Power and Interdependence","","","","","Little, Brown","Boston","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JX1395 .K428","","","","","International economic relations; International relations","International economic relations","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SB6ZMT9X","journalArticle","2011","Kurtz, Marcus J.; Brooks, Sarah M.","Conditioning the “Resource Curse”: Globalization, Human Capital, and Growth in Oil-Rich Nations","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/44/6/747","Since the 1990s it has become conventional wisdom that an abundance of natural resources, most notably oil, is very likely to become a developmental “curse.” Recent scholarship, however, has begun to call into question this apparent consensus, drawing attention to the situations in which quite the opposite result appears to hold, namely, where resources become a developmental “blessing.” Research in this vein focuses predominantly on the domestic political and economic institutions that condition the growth effects of natural resource wealth. Less attention, however, has been paid to whether or how the context of economic integration has conditioned the domestic political economy of natural resource development. This article specifically addresses this theoretical disjuncture by arguing first that the developmental consequences of oil wealth are strongly conditioned by domestic human capital resources, which, where sizeable, make possible the management of resources in ways that encourage the absorption of technology and development of valuable new economic sectors. In the absence of robust human capital formation, however, the archetypal “resource curse” is likely to result. The authors argue moreover that international economic integration further amplifies the divergence between these outcomes by simultaneously raising the growth-enhancing effects of large stocks of human capital and by directly facilitating economic growth. Analysis of global data on growth and oil abundance (1979-2007) supports their main hypotheses that natural resource wealth can be either a “curse” or a “blessing” and that the distinction is conditioned by domestic and international factors, both amenable to change through public policy, namely, human capital formation and economic openness.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2012-09-15","747–770","","6","44","","","Conditioning the “Resource Curse”","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","development; globalization; human capital; oil; Resource Curse","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SBNTKJQ6","journalArticle","1998","Rodrik, Dani","Symposium on Globalization in Perspective: An Introduction","The Journal of Economic Perspectives","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2646891","","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2014-09-04 18:31:54","","3–8","","4","12","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1998 American Economic Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SC49G7ZB","journalArticle","2005","Johnston, Alastair Iain","Conclusions and Extensions: Toward Mid-Range Theorizing and Beyond Europe","International Organization","","","","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","","","","04","59","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SC7S9IV4","journalArticle","2008","Berman, J.; Friesendorf, C.","EU Foreign Policy and the Fight Against Human Trafficking Coercive Governance as Crime Control","European Foreign Affairs Review","","","","http://www.kluwerlawonline.com/abstract.php?area=Journals&id=EERR2008014","Since the late 1990s, the European Union has increased significantly its efforts against human trafficking. These efforts have, however, been fraught with contradictions, misconstrued as part of other policy debates (e.g. security, migration and enlargement) and generally ineffective in their ability to fight this global phenomenon. In practice, the EU has built a response to trafficking that privileges certain coercive practices (i.e. stronger borders, internal law enforcement and external state ‘capacity–building’) over comprehensive measures able to redress trafficking (i.e. prevention, prosecution and protection). It is the neglect of the latter that accounts, in part, for the transformation and persistence of the trafficking industry.The EU needs to address path dependencies that have led to the pursuit of a coercive and ineffective counter–trafficking governance system, paying particular attention both to the interaction between external and internal policy and to the unintended effects that this system has had on the practice of human trafficking.","2008","2015-04-15 20:48:48","2015-04-15 20:54:20","2015-04-15 20:48:48","189","","2","13","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SCCWUGB5","journalArticle","2013","McKibben, Heather Elko","The Effects of Structures and Power on State Bargaining Strategies","American Journal of Political Science","","1540-5907","10.1111/j.1540-5907.2012.00628.x","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2012.00628.x/abstract","When and why will states adopt more (or less) cooperative bargaining strategies? Standard answers to this question focus on the role of state power. Other scholars highlight socialization effects. I argue that in most international negotiations, the institutional bargaining structure will mitigate the effects of power and socialization, and drive state bargaining behavior. Factors highlighted by formal models of international bargaining should therefore best explain the variation in the strategies states adopt. I introduce empirical measures of these abstract concepts, and test their effects against those of power and socialization using an original dataset of state bargaining strategies in the European Union (EU). The results show that structural factors best explain variation in the EU states’ bargaining strategies. I conclude by highlighting the conditions under which these effects should explain state bargaining behavior in other international negotiations, and discuss the implications of this argument for the study of international bargaining.","2013-04-01","2015-12-15 21:09:44","2015-12-15 21:09:44","2015-12-15 21:09:44","411-427","","2","57","","","","","","","","","","en","© 2012, Midwest Political Science Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SCUHV2DT","journalArticle","1990","Allison, P. D.","Change scores as dependent variables in regression analysis","Sociological methodology","","","","","","1990","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-09-04 18:31:35","","93–114","","1","20","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SDBNAATH","journalArticle","2011","Maghrabi, R.; Salam, A. F.","Social Media, Social Movement and Political Change: The Case of 2011 Cairo Revolt","","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2014-09-04 18:31:49","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SDXE8PQT","book","2010","","Who governs the globe?","","9780521198912","","","","","2010","2014-11-07 17:23:49","2014-11-07 17:24:07","","","433","","","","","","Cambridge studies in international relations","114","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge, UK","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JZ1318 .W486 2010","","","","","","","Avant, Deborah D.; Finnemore, Martha; Sell, Susan K.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SE52KU2A","journalArticle","2004","Burke, Jason","Al Qaeda","Foreign Policy","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/4147572","The mere mention of al Qaeda conjures images of an efficient terrorist network guided by a powerful criminal mastermind. Yet al Qaeda is more lethal as an ideology than as an organization. ""Al Qaedaism"" will continue to attract supporters in the years to come-whether Osama bin Laden is around to lead them or not.","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2012-10-26","18–26","","142","","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2004 Washingtonpost.Newsweek Interactive, LLC","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SE7ZERHX","journalArticle","2004","Hix, Simon","A Global Ranking of Political Science Departments","Political Studies Review","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","","293–313","","3","2","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SE8R942K","journalArticle","2007","Tomz, Michael; Goldstein, Judith L.; Rivers, Douglas","Do we really know that the WTO increases trade? Comment","The American Economic Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/30034597","","2007","2014-02-07 19:43:41","2014-02-07 19:43:41","2014-02-07 19:43:41","2005–2018","","5","97","","","Do we really know that the WTO increases trade?","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SEA68539","journalArticle","2013","Papachristos, Andrew V.; Hureau, David M.; Braga, Anthony A.","The Corner and the Crew: The Influence of Geography and Social Networks on Gang Violence","American Sociological Review","","","","http://asr.sagepub.com/content/78/3/417","Nearly a century of empirical research examines how neighborhood properties influence a host of phenomena such as crime, poverty, health, civic engagement, immigration, and economic inequality. Theoretically bundled within these neighborhood effects are institutions' and actors' social networks that are the foundation of other neighborhood-level processes such as social control, mobilization, and cultural assimilation. Yet, despite such long-standing theoretical links between neighborhoods and social networks, empirical research rarely considers or measures dimensions of geography and social network mechanisms simultaneously. The present study seeks to fill this gap by analyzing how both geography and social networks influence an important social problem in urban America: gang violence. Using detailed data on fatal and non-fatal shootings, we examine effects of geographic proximity, organizational memory, and additional group processes (e.g., reciprocity, transitivity, and status seeking) on gang violence in Chicago and Boston. Results show adjacency of gang turf and prior conflict between gangs are strong predictors of subsequent gang violence. Furthermore, important network processes, including reciprocity and status seeking, also contribute to observed patterns of gang violence. In fact, we find that these spatial and network processes mediate racial effects, suggesting the primacy of place and the group in generating gang violence.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2013-07-08","417–447","","3","78","","","The Corner and the Crew","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","intergroup conflict; neighborhoods; social networks; spatial analysis; street gangs; violent crime","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SF283FG3","conferencePaper","2011","Conover, M. D.; Gonçalves, B.; Ratkiewicz, J.; Flammini, A.; Menczer, F.","Predicting the political alignment of twitter users","Privacy, Security, Risk and Trust (PASSAT), 2011 IEEE Third International Conference on and 2011 IEEE Third International Confernece on Social Computing (SocialCom)","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","","192–199","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SFBC3RE4","journalArticle","2015","McLean, Elena V.","Multilateral Aid and Domestic Economic Interests","International Organization","","1531-5088","10.1017/S0020818314000289","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0020818314000289","Existing studies of foreign aid suggest that donor countries' economic groups, such as exporters, should be generally opposed to multilateral aid because multilateral flows do not allow donor countries to tie their aid implicitly or explicitly to the promotion of their domestic economic interests. However, economic groups can actually benefit from some types of multilateral aid, and this serves as an incentive for donor governments to support international organizations generating the benefits. I test my argument using data on aid allocated to the Multilateral Fund for the Implementation of the Montreal Protocol and the Global Environment Facility, and international trade by commodity. I find robust empirical support for the argument that when donors' domestic economic groups are likely to gain from opportunities created by international environmental organizations' programs, donor governments increase aid allocations to these organizations.","2015-12","2015-01-15 20:31:06","2015-01-15 20:31:06","2015-01-15 20:31:06","97–130","","01","69","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/McLean_2015_(Multilateral Aid and Domestic Economic Interests).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SFHRQ38S","journalArticle","1998","Waever, Ole","The Sociology of a Not So International Discipline: American and European Developments in International Relations","International Organization","","","","","","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","","687–727","","04","52","","","The Sociology of a Not So International Discipline","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SFS4AHQE","bookSection","1985","Heckman, James J.; Robb, Richard","Alternative Methods for Evaluating the Impact of Interventions","Longitudinal analysis of labor market data","0521304539","","","","","1985","2014-11-28 13:03:11","2014-11-28 13:04:30","","156-245","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD5706 .L66 1985","","","","","","","Heckman, James J.; Singer, Burton","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SG8MA7B9","journalArticle","1988","Laitin, David D.; Wildavsky, Aaron","Political Culture and Political Preferences","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1957403","Aaron Wildavsky has argued that it is theoretically more useful to think of political preferences as rooted in political culture than to entertain alternative bases such as schemas or ideologies. In the APSA presidential address in which he made his case, Wildavsky also advocated a program of research on political cultures, and welcomed @'challenges and improvements.@' David Laitin accepts the invitation; he variously takes issue with Wildavsky's concept of political culture.","1988","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2012-12-28","589–597","","2","82","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1988 American Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SGWGMIHP","report","2012","Safi, Abedelazez Jamal","Foreign Direct Investment in the Arab World: An Analysis of Flows and an Evaluation of Country Specific Business Environment","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2045631","Currently, Foreign Direct Investments (FDIs) are considered to be one of the most attractive tools of international business for large investments in foreign countries. International business is transforming the world in a way that has not been possible in previous years. On the other hand, FDI is growing faster than international production within the framework of international trade. This makes it possible for FDI to become a major instrument of spreading wealth. Global FDI flows rose to $1.24 trillion in 2010, but were still 15% below their pre-crisis average. This is in contrast to global industrial output and trade, which were back to pre-crisis levels. The UNCTAD estimates that global FDI will regain its pre-crisis level in 2011, increasing $1.4-1.6 trillion, and approaching its 2007 peak in 2013. This positive scenario holds, barring any unexpected global economic shocks that may arise from a number of risk factors still in play. Concerning the Arab world for the last two decades the FDI has been grown very fast regarding to the new policy. The political instability discourages investors to pay attention to risky spot. Arab world FDI and stocks is concentrated in few countries and sectors, for instance about 80% of the FDI in 2010 is concentrated in six countries: Saudi Arabia 42%, Egypt 10%, Qatar 8%, Lebanon 7%, United Arab Emirates 6% and Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 6%. The business environment and the economic performance of the Arab World still improving and the new policy and regulation that have been implemented in the Arab countries increased the attractiveness level of the FDI toward Arab countries. Despite the low rank of WGI in Arab World and the correlation of investment in some of the six indicators between countries in the Arab world especially in the highest receiver of FDI flows and in particular the GCC region the Business Doing reported great rank in regards to the proper business atmosphere for foreign investors. The six of the Arab countries Saudi Arabia, UAE, Qatar, Bahrain, Tunisia and Oman have climbed the scale on the ease of doing business ranked among the top 50 out of 183 countries, while Algeria, Comoros Mauritania, Iraq and Djibouti ranked very low on the same scale. The new policy and modification, which has been confirmed from World Bank by the Doing Business reports about the business environment of Arab World, show that their domestic laws in these countries pay attention to foreign companies to increase the investment in Arab world.","2012-03-28","2015-08-24 18:14:36","2015-08-24 18:14:36","2015-08-24 18:14:36","","","","","","","Foreign Direct Investment in the Arab World","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Safi_2012_(Foreign Direct Investment in the Arab World).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2045631","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SH64USCN","journalArticle","2015","Nguyen, Thành","Coalitional Bargaining in Networks","Operations Research","","0030-364X","10.1287/opre.2015.1368","http://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/abs/10.1287/opre.2015.1368","","2015-05-08","2015-06-30 11:15:30","2015-06-30 11:15:30","2015-06-30 11:15:30","501-511","","3","63","","Operations Research","","","","","","","","","","","","","pubsonline.informs.org (Atypon)","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Nguyen_2015_(Coalitional Bargaining in Networks).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SH67XXPG","blogPost","2013","Jensen, Nathan M.","Foreign Direct Investment Data Note","Blog By Nate","","","","http://www.natemjensen.com/2014/09/09/blog-by-nate-archives-foreign-direct-investment-data-note-july-9-2013/","","2013-07-09","2014-11-27 23:17:32","2014-11-27 23:18:11","2014-11-27 23:17:32","","","","","","","Blog by Nate Archives","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SH8FM4X6","book","2002","Henisz, Witold J.","Politics and international investment: Measuring risks and protecting profits","","","","","http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=E8cxrK_elhcC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=Politics+and+International+Investment&ots=iVmVqfvFHQ&sig=2C0v0daYt61YAPT3Kq8Spjd1s8U","","2002","2014-11-04 23:39:04","2014-11-04 23:39:04","2014-11-04 23:39:04","","","","","","","Politics and international investment","","","","","Edward Elgar Publishing","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SH9Z4A4S","journalArticle","2015","Fattouh, Bassam; Rogers, Howard V.; Stewart, Peter","The US Shale Gas Revolution and Its Impact on Qatar's Position in Gas Markets","Center On Global Energy Policy Working Paper, Columbia University","","","","","","2015","2015-05-29 09:37:02","2015-07-03 06:07:44","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Fattouh et al_2015_(The US Shale Gas Revolution and Its Impact on Qatar's Position in Gas Markets).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SHCXE7WR","journalArticle","2009","Mares, Isabela; Carnes, Matthew E.","Social Policy in Developing Countries","Annual Review of Political Science","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.polisci.12.071207.093504","Drawing on recent work and data on social protection in the developing world, this essay evaluates the current state of the art and suggests several important new lines of research. We first examine the historical origin and evolution of social protection systems in developing countries, arguing that insufficient attention has been paid to the authoritarian roots of developing nations' social policy. As a preliminary effort to remedy this shortcoming in the literature, we offer a political logic for the observed variation in the character of institutions of social policy established by nondemocratic regimes. Next, we explore recent research examining linkages between models of economic development and welfare regimes in developing countries. Finally, we turn to the study of the political determinants of the social policy reforms that occurred in the final decades of the twentieth century, arguing that variation in reform across policy areas has been more complex than is generally appreciated in the literature. To explain this variation, we develop a theory that identifies the political coalitions supporting different policy outcomes.","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2012-05-18","93–113","","1","12","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","reform; social protection; welfare state","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SHEJTJMJ","newspaperArticle","2014","Gallagher, Anne","The global slavery index is based on flawed data – why does no one say so?","The Guardian","","","","http://www.theguardian.com/global-development/poverty-matters/2014/nov/28/global-slavery-index-walk-free-human-trafficking-anne-gallagher","Anne Gallagher: The anti-trafficking community has remained uncritical of Walk Free’s methodology, yet poor information often leads to damaging decisions","2014-11-28","2015-04-15 18:18:28","2015-04-15 21:23:46","2015-04-15 18:18:28","","","","","","","The global slavery index is based on flawed data – why does no one say so?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SHG5WWU6","journalArticle","2002","Reckwitz, Andreas","The Status of the ""Material"" in Theories of Culture: From ""Social Structure"" to ""Artefacts""","Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour","","","","","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","","195–217","","2","32","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SHI4GRIM","journalArticle","2006","Davidson, Christopher M.","After Shaikh Zayed: The Politics of Succession in Abu Dhabi and the UAE","Middle East Policy","","1475-4967","10.1111/j.1475-4967.2006.00237.x","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1475-4967.2006.00237.x/abstract","","2006-03-01","2015-12-02 19:46:14","2015-12-02 19:46:14","2015-12-02 19:46:14","42-59","","1","13","","","After Shaikh Zayed","","","","","","","en","","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2006/Davidson_2006_(After Shaikh Zayed).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SIJ9I4JP","journalArticle","2009","Gill, Jeff; Casella, George","Nonparametric priors for ordinal Bayesian social science models: specification and estimation","Journal of the American Statistical Association","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1198/jasa.2009.0039","","2009","2014-09-29 19:59:40","2014-09-29 19:59:40","2014-09-29 19:59:40","453–454","","486","104","","","Nonparametric priors for ordinal Bayesian social science models","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Gill_Casella_2009_(Nonparametric priors for ordinal Bayesian social science models).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SINXQ88T","journalArticle","2015","Tomashevskiy, Andrey","Capital Preferences: International Capital and Government Partisanship","International Studies Quarterly","","1468-2478","10.1111/isqu.12211","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/isqu.12211/abstract","Many argue that government partisanship influences the size of investment flows into stocks and bonds. But existing literature tells us little about how international capital flows influence election outcomes. I argue that passive investment into stocks, bonds, and other debt instruments—in other words, portfolio investments—increases political contributions to right-wing parties. This investment generates resources for domestic capitalists. These owners of capital then channel these resources into political contributions to right-wing parties and enhance those parties' electoral position. Thus, passive investment bolsters the electoral chances of right-wing governments. I illustrate this process with a formal model of special interest politics in which lobbies operate under budget constraint. Using a new data set on political contributions and statistical analyses for a sample of states from 1980–2009, I find support for my general argument.","2015-08-01","2015-08-24 16:06:15","2015-08-24 16:06:15","2015-08-24 16:06:15","n/a-n/a","","","","","Int Stud Q","Capital Preferences","","","","","","","en","© 2015 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Tomashevskiy_2015_(Capital Preferences).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SJGQZW2W","journalArticle","2014","Wiens, David","Natural resources and institutional development","Journal of Theoretical Politics","","0951-6298, 1460-3667","10.1177/0951629813493835","http://jtp.sagepub.com/content/26/2/197","Recent work on the resource curse argues that the effect of resource wealth on development outcomes is a conditional one: resource-dependent countries with low-quality institutions are vulnerable to a resource curse, while resource-dependent countries with high-quality institutions are not. But extant models neglect the ways in which the inflow of resource revenue impacts the institutional environment itself. In this paper, I present a formal model to show that where domestic institutions do not limit state leaders’ discretion over policy prior to becoming fiscally reliant on resources, those leaders have little incentive in the wake of resource windfalls to establish institutional mechanisms that limit their discretion. Importantly, this shows that simple calls for domestic institutional reform are unlikely to be effective. Among other things, future prescriptions to mitigate the resource curse must focus on decreasing rulers’ fiscal reliance on resources.","2014-04-01","2014-04-17 18:42:22","2014-04-17 18:42:22","2014-04-17 18:42:22","197-221","","2","26","","Journal of Theoretical Politics","","","","","","","","en","","","","","jtp.sagepub.com.proxy.library.georgetown.edu","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SJUI4UQ9","newspaperArticle","2014","Krauss, Clifford","Oil Falls to 5-Year Low, and Energy Companies Start to Retrench","The New York Times","","0362-4331","","http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/09/business/energy-environment/oil-falls-to-5-year-low-and-companies-start-to-retrench-.html","Major oil companies are scaling back drilling plans and laying off workers, with prices off 40 percent since July.","2014-12-08","2014-12-12 17:19:19","2014-12-12 17:19:19","2014-12-12 17:19:19","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","NYTimes.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SJW9JXRK","journalArticle","2008","Zangl, B.","Judicialization matters! A comparison of dispute settlement under GATT and the WTO","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2008.00528.x/full","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2012-11-07","825–854","","4","52","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SK2UIQ5D","journalArticle","2002","Cooley, Alexander; Ron, James","The NGO Scramble: Organizational Insecurity and the Political Economy of Transnational Action","International Security","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3092151","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2012-09-06","5–39","","1","27","","","The NGO Scramble","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SK5BJGTS","journalArticle","1997","Smith, Graham; Wilson, Andrew","Rethinking Russia's post-soviet Diaspora: The potential for political mobilisation in eastern Ukraine and north-east Estonia","Europe-Asia Studies","","","","","","1997","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2014-09-04 18:31:40","","845–864","","5","49","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SK9K7QUK","journalArticle","2009","Nonaka, I.; von Krogh, G.","Tacit Knowledge and Knowledge Conversion: Controversy and Advancement in Organizational Knowledge Creation Theory","Organization Science","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2014-09-04 18:31:53","","635–652","","3","20","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","2009; firm; History; in advance january 22; innovation; knowledge-based view of the; organization; organizational knowledge; organizational knowledge creation; published online in articles; social practice; theory","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SKJ7MS6T","journalArticle","2013","Al-Abri, Almukhtar S.","Oil price shocks and macroeconomic responses: does the exchange rate regime matter?","OPEC Energy Review","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1753-0237.2012.00226.x/full","","2013","2015-09-14 21:03:56","2015-09-14 21:03:56","2015-09-14 21:03:56","1–19","","1","37","","","Oil price shocks and macroeconomic responses","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Al-Abri_2013_(Oil price shocks and macroeconomic responses).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SKZMM2A2","journalArticle","2001","Kenworthy, Lane","Wage-Setting Measures: A Survey and Assessment","World Politics","","","","","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","","57–98","","01","54","","","Wage-Setting Measures","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SM3Z65EQ","journalArticle","2001","Slack, J. a.; Doyon, R. R.","Population dynamics and susceptibility for ethnic conflict: the case of Bosnia and Herzegovina.","Journal of peace research","","","","","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2014-09-04 18:31:49","","139–61","","2","38","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","20th century; Bosnia-Herzegovina; Bosnia-Herzegovina: ethnology; Censuses; Censuses: history; Conflict of Interest; Conflict of Interest: legislation & jurisprudence; Cultural Diversity; culture; delete; Demography; Ethnic Groups; Ethnic Groups: ethnology; Ethnic Groups: history; Ethnic Groups: legislation & jurisprudence; Ethnic Groups: psychology; History; Humans; Political Systems; Political Systems: history; Population Groups; Population Groups: ethnology; Population Groups: history; Population Groups: legislation & jurisprudence; Population Groups: psychology; rename; Self Concept; Social Identification; Social Welfare; Social Welfare: economics; Social Welfare: ethnology; Social Welfare: history; Social Welfare: legislation & jurisprudence; Social Welfare: psychology; Socioeconomic Factors; War","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SMGXC7AP","journalArticle","2012","Williamson, S.; Carnes, M.","Partisanship, Christianity, and Women in the Legislature: Determinants of Parental Leave Policy in US States*","Social Science Quarterly","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-6237.2012.00882.x/full","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2012-08-09","","","","","","","Partisanship, Christianity, and Women in the Legislature","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SN25ERWA","journalArticle","2014","Martin, Lanny W.; Vanberg, Georg","A Step in the Wrong Direction: An Appraisal of the Zero-Intelligence Model of Government Formation","The Journal of Politics","","","10.1017/S0022381614000474","","In a recent article in the Journal of Politics, Golder, Golder, and Siegel (2012) argue that models of government formation should be rebuilt “from the ground up.” They propose to do so with a “zero-intelligence” model of government formation. They claim that this model makes no theoretical assumptions beyond the requirement that a potential government, to be chosen, must be preferred by all its members and a legislative majority to the incumbent administration. They also claim that, empirically, their model does significantly better than existing models in predicting formation outcomes. We disagree with both claims. Theoretically, their model is unrestrictive in terms of its institutional assumptions, but it imposes a highly implausible behavioral assumption that drives the key results. Empirically, their assessment of the performance of the zero-intelligence model turns on data that are of limited relevance in testing coalition theories. We demonstrate that the predictions of the zero-intelligence model are no more accurate than random guesses, in stark contrast to the predictions of well-established approaches in traditional coalition research. We conclude that scholars would be ill-advised to dismiss traditional approaches in favor of the approach advanced by Golder, Golder, and Siegel.","2014","2014-09-08 20:17:39","2014-09-08 20:17:39","","873-879","","04","76","","","A Step in the Wrong Direction","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Martin_Vanberg_2014_(A Step in the Wrong Direction).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SN3JA4Q4","journalArticle","1986","Gaddis, John Lewis","The Long Peace: Elements of Stability in the Postwar International System","International Security","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2538951","","1986","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2012-08-30","99–142","","4","10","","","The Long Peace","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SN5ZHHRK","journalArticle","2011","Spence, David B.","Corporate social responsibility in the oil and gas industry: The importance of reputational risk","Chi.-Kent L. Rev.","","","","http://heinonlinebackup.com/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/chknt86§ion=6","","2011","2015-02-18 14:43:22","2015-02-18 14:43:22","2015-02-18 14:43:22","59","","","86","","","Corporate social responsibility in the oil and gas industry","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Spence_2011_(Corporate social responsibility in the oil and gas industry).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SNAA3QSV","bookSection","1974","Vernon, Raymond","Enterprise and Government in Western Europe","Big business and the state: changing relations in Western Europe","0674072758","","","","","1974","2014-11-07 17:18:08","2014-11-07 17:18:33","","","","","","","","","","","","","Harvard University Press","Cambridge, Mass","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD3616.E82 V37","","","","","","","Vernon, Raymond","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SNRW3HGP","journalArticle","2009","Ruester, Sophia; Neumann, Anne","Linking alternative theories of the firm – a first empirical application to the liquefied natural gas industry","Journal of Institutional Economics","","","","","This paper provides an empirical analysis linking two theories of firms' strategic behavior. We analyze corporate strategies in the emerging global market for liquefied natural gas. First, following Porter, we identify three strategic target market positions: chain optimization, flexibility strategy, and national oil companies (NOCs). Each target market position is supported by an underlying resource profile. Second, following transaction cost economics, we hypothesize that specific investments under uncertainty provide incentives to integrate vertically. We test these economic relationships empirically applying a two-stage procedure. Estimation results show that the three strategic choices of target market position, resource profile, and organizational structure are interrelated. We show that NOCs rely on less idiosyncratic assets than companies following a flexibility strategy and companies following a flexibility strategy rely on less idiosyncratic assets than chain optimizers. An increase in hold-up potential results in a higher probability of a firm organizing transactions within its own hierarchy.","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","","47–64","","01","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SP2HVCGG","journalArticle","2011","Page, Edward a.","Cosmopolitanism, climate change, and greenhouse emissions trading","International Theory","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","","37–69","","01","3","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","a number of challenges; climate change; cosmopolitanism; effective response to global; emissions trading; environmental policy; face the international community; future generations; global justice; in its ongoing; search for an environmentally","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SPFESFJT","journalArticle","2014","Hancock, Kathleen J.; Vivoda, Vlado","International political economy: A field born of the OPEC crisis returns to its energy roots","Energy Research & Social Science","","2214-6296","10.1016/j.erss.2014.03.017","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214629614000310","International political economy (IPE) is a multidisciplinary field which officially falls under the political science discipline in the United States. IPE of energy is a nascent field to which scholars have only recently started to identify. IPE scholarship generally focuses on issues where politics and economics intersect, and looks at a variety of actors, including individuals, states, and international organizations. Since IPE's official founding in the 1970s, following the energy crises and the end of the gold standard, most energy research has focused on issues related to oil, such as OPEC, the “resource curse,” oil companies, and wealthy countries’ domestic policies and politics as they relate to oil. We suggest a number of promising areas for research: on the theoretical side, making politics explicit and incorporating international organizations, global governance, regionalism, community interests, international structure, ideas and identity, and inter- and intra-disciplinary research. We also suggest three issue areas – renewable, nuclear, natural gas, and coal as energy sources; electricity; and sovereign wealth funds.","2014-03","2014-11-29 03:45:51","2014-11-29 03:45:51","2014-11-29 03:45:51","206-216","","","1","","Energy Research & Social Science","International political economy","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Hancock_Vivoda_2014_(International political economy).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SPNP5SHS","journalArticle","2015","Von Haldenwang, Christian; Ivanyna, Maksym","Vulnerability of tax revenue in resource-rich countries","Available at SSRN","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2567732","","2015","2015-07-09 09:03:06","2015-07-09 09:03:06","2015-07-09 09:03:06","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Von Haldenwang_Ivanyna_2015_(Vulnerability of tax revenue in resource-rich countries).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SPSZ8JK9","webpage","2014","Guy, Robert","Asia’s Energy Producers Focused on Long Game","Barron's Online","","","","http://online.barrons.com/articles/asias-energy-producers-focused-on-long-game-1417757162","Crude prices are falling but the region’s oil & gas companies continue to invest in energy security.","2014-12-05","2014-12-12 17:20:21","2014-12-14 16:13:22","2014-12-12 17:20:21","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SQ8TSS2T","journalArticle","2007","Dobbin, Frank; Simmons, Beth; Garrett, Geoffrey","The Global Diffusion of Public Policies: Social Construction, Coercion, Competition, or Learning?","Annual Review of Sociology","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2014-09-04 18:31:54","","449–472","","","33","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SQASMZ33","journalArticle","2013","Keele, Luke; Malhotra, Neil; McCubbins, Colin H.","Do Term Limits Restrain State Fiscal Policy? Approaches for Causal Inference in Assessing the Effects of Legislative Institutions","Legislative Studies Quarterly","","1939-9162","10.1111/lsq.12016","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/lsq.12016/abstract","Scholars of state politics are often interested in the causal effects of legislative institutions on policy outcomes. For example, during the 1990s a number of states adopted term limits for state legislators. Advocates of term limits argued that this institutional reform would alter state policy in a number of ways, including limiting state expenditures. We highlight a number of research design issues that complicate attempts to estimate the effect of institutions on state outcomes by addressing the question of term limits and spending. In particular, we focus on (1) treatment effect heterogeneity and (2) the suitability of nonterm-limit states as good counterfactuals for term-limit states. We compare two different identification strategies to deal with these issues: differences-in-differences (DID) estimation and conditioning on prior outcomes with an emphasis on synthetic case control. Using more rigorous methods of causal inference, we find little evidence that term limits affect state spending. Our analysis and results are informative for researchers seeking to assess the causal effects of state-level institutions.","2013-08-01","2015-11-30 17:01:53","2015-11-30 17:01:53","2015-11-30 17:01:53","291-326","","3","38","","Legislative Studies Quarterly","Do Term Limits Restrain State Fiscal Policy?","","","","","","","en","© 2013 The Comparative Legislative Research Center of The University of Iowa","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Keele et al_2013_(Do Term Limits Restrain State Fiscal Policy).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SQBRG5WX","journalArticle","2006","Ziegler, Charles E.","The energy factor in Chinas foreign policy","Journal of Chinese Political Science","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","","1–23","","1","11","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","China; Energy; Foreign policy; international resources; Security","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SQNBPIXJ","journalArticle","2014","Koubi, Vally; Spilker, Gabriele; Böhmelt, Tobias; Bernauer, Thomas","Do natural resources matter for interstate and intrastate armed conflict?","Journal of Peace Research","","0022-3433, 1460-3578","10.1177/0022343313493455","http://jpr.sagepub.com/content/51/2/227","This article reviews the existing theoretical arguments and empirical findings linking renewable and non-renewable natural resources to the onset, intensity, and duration of intrastate as well as interstate armed conflict. Renewable resources are supposedly connected to conflict via scarcity, while non-renewable resources are hypothesized to lead to conflict via resource abundance. Based upon our analysis of these two streams in the literature, it turns out that the empirical support for the resource scarcity argument is rather weak. However, the authors obtain some evidence that resource abundance is likely to be associated with conflict. The article concludes that further research should generate improved data on low-intensity forms of conflict as well as resource scarcity and abundance at subnational and international levels, and use more homogenous empirical designs to analyze these data. Such analyses should pay particular attention to interactive effects and endogeneity issues in the resource–conflict relationship.","2014-03-01","2014-04-17 18:48:27","2014-04-17 18:48:27","2014-04-17 18:48:27","227-243","","2","51","","Journal of Peace Research","","","","","","","","en","","","","","jpr.sagepub.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SQVXHNKG","book","2010","Bendor, Jonathan B.","Bounded rationality and politics","","9780520259461","","","http://proxy.library.georgetown.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=e000xna&AN=547413","","2010","2015-03-18 02:39:07","2015-03-18 02:41:29","2015-03-18 02:39:07","","1","","","","","","","","","","University of California Press","Berkeley","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","BF441 .B42 2010","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SQZZ78X6","journalArticle","2003","McCormick, G. H.","Terrorist decision making","Annual Review of Political Science","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.polisci.6.121901.085601","","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2012-09-07","473–507","","1","6","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SR3ZEQXU","webpage","2011","Morrisey, Beth","China-based corporate web behind troubled Africa resource deals","Center for Public Integrity","","","","http://www.publicintegrity.org/2011/11/09/7108/china-based-corporate-web-behind-troubled-africa-resource-deals","What’s behind the high-flying conglomerate?","2011-11-09","2014-12-12 17:13:20","2014-12-12 17:13:40","2014-12-12 17:13:20","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SR7SRKVD","journalArticle","1997","Pollack, Mark A.","Delegation, Agency, and Agenda Setting in the European Community","International Organization","","","","","","1997","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","","99–134","","1","51","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SRNU4CNX","journalArticle","2009","Trejo, G","Religious Competition and Ethnic Mobilization in Latin America: Why the Catholic Church Promotes Indigenous Movements in Mexico","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","","323","","03","103","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SRPQ9M5J","journalArticle","1978","Keohane, Robert O.","The International Energy Agency: state influence and transgovernmental politics","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0020818300032033","","1978","2014-11-29 03:51:04","2014-11-29 03:51:04","2014-11-29 03:51:04","929–951","","04","32","","","The International Energy Agency","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SRRPN3SV","report","2009","Ravichandran, Dr Krishnamurthy","Effect of Financial Crisis over Mergers and Acquisitions in GCC Countries","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1360249","The merger and acquisition (M&A) activities have grown significantly around the world over the last two decades, the amount and volume of mergers and acquisitions is reaching a record braking levels. Major factors underlying this process are attributed to emergence of globalization, low cost funding and current financial turmoil, hence the need to create large entities to be able to compete for seeking out growth and profits. In addition, the increase in capital flows across national boundaries due to economic reform programs and market liberalization in developing countries. Another key factor causing growing M&A is the increased globalization of investment seeking higher rates of return and the opportunity to diversify risk, and many businesses recognize the uncompromising demand to venture overseas, or within their region. Mergers and acquisitions are nowadays frequent events in organizational lives. The two terms are normally used interchangeably in strategic investment decisions, distinction among mergers and acquisitions are necessary. Mergers of equals involve two entities of relatively equal stature coming together and taking the best of each company. An acquisition involves a much easier process of fitting one smaller company into the existing acquiring firm. As the current financial crisis, the financial markets are being subjected to the volatile and uncertain environment, and markets have entered a vicious cycle of asset deleveraging, price declines, and investor redemptions. Credit spreads spiked to distressed levels, and major equity indices dropped by about 25 percent in October 2008. Furthermore, Weakening global demand is depressing commodity prices. Oil prices have declined by over 50 percent since their peak in 12 July, 2008, retreating to levels not seen since early 2007 - reflecting the major global downturn. So, this situation will drive a slew of M&A activities across the region in the light of the financial turmoil and collapse of Mortgage market, because many industries and sectors have hit by this financial turmoil. In our view, the M&A activities will be one of the solutions that governments and institutional investors have in the current situation. Despite of the gloomy forecast of global economy, the local governments are still a vital part of M&A activities such as American International Group Inc., the New York-based insurer controlled by the U.S. government. But the forecast of M&A in 2009 refers to the appetite for the large takeover deals that fuelled the boom of the past two years has vanished. This may help drive smaller deals, as robust companies buy competitors weakened by the tight credit markets. Moreover, every sector will have a handful of acquisitive companies that can take advantage of relatively strong equity and credit positions.","2009-03-15","2015-08-24 18:11:31","2015-08-24 18:11:31","2015-08-24 18:11:31","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Ravichandran_2009_(Effect of Financial Crisis over Mergers and Acquisitions in GCC Countries).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 1360249","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SS4SMME3","book","1986","Ahrari, Mohammed E.","OPEC: the failing giant","","0813115523","","","","","1986","2013-10-10 12:30:12","2013-10-10 12:30:12","","","256","","","","","OPEC","","","","","University Press of Kentucky","Lexington, KY","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD9560.1.O66 A64 1986","","","","","Energy","Petroleum industry and trade","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SSA4GBWJ","book","1989","Kratochwil, F. V","Rules, norms, and decisions: on the conditions of practical and legal reasoning in international relations and domestic affairs","","","","","","","1989","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2014-09-04 18:31:41","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SSDVIRG4","journalArticle","2010","Hampsher-Monk, I.; Hindmoor, A.","Rational Choice and Interpretive Evidence: Caught between a Rock and a Hard Place?","Political Studies","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","","47–65","","1","58","","","Rational Choice and Interpretive Evidence","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SST9QAM7","journalArticle","2009","Gross, Neil","A Pragmatist Theory of Social Mechanisms","American Sociological Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/27736068","Some sociologists have recently argued that a major aim of sociological inquiry is to identify the mechanisms by which cause and effect relationships in the social world come about. This article argues that existing accounts of social mechanisms are problematic because they rest on either inadequately developed or questionable understandings of social action. Building on an insight increasingly common among sociological theorists—that action should be conceptualized in terms of social practices—I mobilize ideas from the tradition of classical American pragmatism to develop a more adequate theory of mechanisms. I identify three kinds of analytical problems the theory is especially well poised to address and then lay out an agenda for future research.","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2012-11-09","358–379","","3","74","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2009 American Sociological Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "STAGWM4X","journalArticle","2007","Bilgin, Mert","New prospects in the political economy of inner-Caspian hydrocarbons and western energy corridor through Turkey","Energy Policy","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030142150700256X","This paper makes a new conceptualization on Caspian energy system and the transit routes that pass through Turkey. Firstly, it puts forward the term of “inner-Caspian”, comprising Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan. Secondly, it identifies sub-systems of “western energy corridor through Turkey” (WECT) by diversifying: (1) “WECT inner-Caspian”, which includes hydrocarbon transportation from Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan; (2) “WECT Russia”, which is currently composed of Blue Stream gas pipeline and oil transportation by tankers through Turkish straits; and (3) “WECT Middle East”, which refers to Iranian, Iraqi and Egyptian hydrocarbons. Thirdly, this paper makes a comparative analysis on WECT systems through selected economic (reserves, supply/demand, production and transportation costs), geo-political (e.g. moves of the concerned actors), political (e.g. recent developments in government structures) and security (especially in terms of transport) indicators which bring out that “it is more reasonable for the EU to first embrace WECT inner-Caspian, then develop WECT Middle-East in order to diversify its energy supply”.","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2012-09-20","6383–6394","","12","35","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","European energy supply; Gas; oil","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "STBIHNWQ","journalArticle","2000","Meunier, Sophie","What Single Voice? European Institutions and EU-U.S. Trade Negotiations","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2601319","The member states of the European Union (EU) have transferred their sovereignty over trade policymaking to the supranational level. When entering into trade negotiations with third countries, they must first reach a common bargaining position among themselves and later defend that position with a ""single voice"" at the international table. How do the institutional rules, through which the fifteen different voices are aggregated into a single one, affect international outcomes? Differentiating between a ""conservative"" and a ""reformist"" negotiating context, I argue that voting rules and negotiating competence in the EU determine both the probability that the negotiating parties conclude an international agreement and the substantive outcome of the negotiations. The recent EU-U.S. trade negotiations on agriculture, public procurement, and open skies are all evidence that, for a given distribution of preferences, internal EU institutional mechanisms affect the outcomes of international trade agreements.","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2013-01-31","103–135","","1","54","","","What Single Voice?","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2000 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "STG33TH3","journalArticle","2014","Cust, James; Harding, Torfinn","Institutions and the location of oil exploration","OxCarre Research Paper","","","","http://webmeets.com/files/papers/res/2014/1001/ch_expl6.pdf","","2014","2015-07-16 08:54:22","2015-07-16 08:55:04","2015-07-16 08:54:22","","","","127","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Cust_Harding_2014_(Institutions and the location of oil exploration).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "STIZGHDT","journalArticle","2011","Tordo, Silvana","National Oil Companies and Value Creation, v.1","World Bank Working Paper","","","","http://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/book/10.1596/978-0-8213-8831-0","","2011-07","2014-09-24 00:29:23","2014-12-04 18:20:33","2014-09-24 00:29:23","","","","218","","","","World Bank Working Papers","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Tordo_2011_(National Oil Companies and Value Creation).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "STJWSAJ3","book","1999","Wendt, Alexander","Social Theory of International Politics","","","","","","","1999","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:27:24","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","New York","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "STVW778E","journalArticle","2013","Ben Sita, Bernard; Haidar, Ranim","US energy policies and variance in the GCC stock markets","OPEC Energy Review","","","","http://econpapers.repec.org/article/blaopecrv/v_3a37_3ay_3a2013_3ai_3a1_3ap_3a53-62.htm","","2013","2015-09-14 21:07:05","2015-09-14 21:07:05","2015-09-14 21:07:05","53-62","","1","37","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","RePEc - Econpapers","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Ben Sita_Haidar_2013_(US energy policies and variance in the GCC stock markets).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "STVZD5B7","journalArticle","2014","Leemann, Lucas","Strategy and Sample Selection: A Strategic Selection Estimator","Political Analysis","","1047-1987, 1476-4989","10.1093/pan/mpt026","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/content/22/3/374","The development and proliferation of strategic estimators has narrowed the gap between theoretical models and empirical testing. But despite recent contributions that extend the basic strategic estimator, researchers have continued to neglect a classic social science phenomenon: selection. Compared to nonstrategic estimators, strategic models are even more prone to selection effects. First, external shocks or omitted variables can lead to correlated errors. Second, because the systematic parts of actors’ utilities usually overlap on certain key variables, the two sets of explanatory variables are correlated. As a result, both the systematic and the stochastic components can be correlated. However, given that the estimates for the first mover are computed based on the potentially biased predicted probabilities of the second actor, we also generate biased estimates for the first actor. In applied work, researchers neglect the potential shortcomings due to selection bias. This article presents an alternative strategic estimator that takes selection into account and allows scholars to obtain consistent, unbiased, and efficient estimates in the presence of both selection and strategic action. I present a Monte Carlo analysis as well as a real-world application to illustrate the superior performance of this estimator relative to the standard practice.","2014-07-01","2014-09-08 20:32:40","2014-09-08 20:32:40","2014-09-08 20:32:40","374-397","","3","22","","Political Analysis","Strategy and Sample Selection","","","","","","","en","","","","","pan.oxfordjournals.org","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Leemann_2014_(Strategy and Sample Selection)2.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "STZ88JFK","journalArticle","2011","Girod, D. M","Effective Foreign Aid Following Civil War: The Nonstrategic-Desperation Hypothesis","American Journal of Political Science","","","","","","2011","2012-05-18 17:28:36","2014-09-04 20:23:17","","","","","","","","Effective Foreign Aid Following Civil War","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SU375QM2","journalArticle","2011","Hopkins, Daniel J.","National Debates, Local Responses: The Origins of Local Concern about Immigration in Britain and the United States","British Journal of Political Science","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","","499–524","","03","41","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SU3PDN66","journalArticle","2012","Black, Ryan C.; Owens, Ryan J.","Looking Back to Move Forward: Quantifying Policy Predictions in Political Decision Making","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2012.00606.x/abstract","Policy makers constantly face uncertainty, which makes achieving their goals problematic. To overcome this uncertainty, they employ tools to drive down uncertainty and make probabilistic decisions. We provide a method for scholars to assess empirically how actors make probabilistic predictions. We focus on the interactions between the executive and judicial branches, analyzing the conditions under which justices force the United States to provide them with information. Our approach generates substantive knowledge about interbranch behavior as well as a methodological innovation available to scholars who study political decision making under conditions of limited information.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2012-08-09","no–no","","","","","","Looking Back to Move Forward","","","","","","","en","\copyright2012, Midwest Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SU5IFCTH","journalArticle","2003","Chesher, Andrew","Identification in nonseparable models","Econometrica","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1468-0262.00454/abstract","","2003","2013-09-17 10:10:23","2013-09-17 10:10:23","2013-09-17 10:10:23","1405–1441","","5","71","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Quant","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SUGSI84H","journalArticle","2014","Malesky, Edmund J.; Gueorguiev, Dimitar D.; Jensen, Nathan M.","Monopoly Money: Foreign Investment and Bribery in Vietnam, a Survey Experiment","American Journal of Political Science","","1540-5907","10.1111/ajps.12126","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ajps.12126/abstract","Prevailing work argues that foreign investment reduces corruption, either by competing down monopoly rents or diffusing best practices of corporate governance. We argue that the mechanisms generating this relationship are not clear because the extant empirical work is too heavily drawn from aggregations of total foreign investment entering an economy. Alternatively, we suggest that openness to foreign investment has differential effects on corruption even within the same country and under the same domestic institutions over time. We argue that foreign firms use bribes to enter protected industries in search of rents, and therefore we expect variation in bribe propensity across sectors according to expected profitability. We test this effect using a list experiment embedded in three waves of a nationally representative survey of 20,000 foreign and domestic businesses in Vietnam, finding that the effect of economic openness on the probability to engage in bribes is conditional on policies that restrict investment.","2014-09-01","2014-09-19 15:46:18","2014-11-22 22:22:45","2014-09-19 15:46:18","","","","","","American Journal of Political Science","Monopoly Money","","","","","","","en","© 2014, Midwest Political Science Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Malesky et al_2014_(Monopoly Money).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SV4SKUBJ","report","1998","Dehejia, R. H.; Wahba, S.","Causal effects in non-experimental studies: Re-evaluating the evaluation of training programs","","","","","","","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","","","","","","","","","","","","","National Bureau of Economic Research","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SVC94V8T","report","2015","Aronow, Peter M.; Samii, Cyrus","Does Regression Produce Representative Estimates of Causal Effects?","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2224964","With an unrepresentative sample, the estimate of a causal effect may fail to characterize how effects operate in the population of interest. What is less well understood is that conventional estimation practices for observational studies may produce the same problem even with a representative sample. Causal effects estimated via multiple regression differentially weight each unit's contribution. The ""effective sample'' that regression uses to generate the estimate may bear little resemblance to the population of interest, and the results may be nonrepresentative in a manner similar to what quasi-experimental methods or experiments with convenience samples produce. There is no general external validity basis for preferring multiple regression on representative samples over quasi-experimental or experimental methods. We show how to estimate the ""multiple regression weights'' that allow one to study the effective sample. We discuss alternative approaches that, under certain conditions, recover representative average causal effects. The requisite conditions cannot always be met.","2015-02-02","2015-05-04 16:27:01","2015-05-04 16:27:01","2015-05-04 16:27:01","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Aronow_Samii_2015_(Does Regression Produce Representative Estimates of Causal Effects).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2224964","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SVI8X5TK","journalArticle","1998","Motzafi-Haller, Pnina","Beyond Textual Analysis: Practice, Interacting Discourses, and the Experience of Distinction in Botswana","Cultural Anthropology","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/656571","","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","","522–547","","4","13","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1998 American Anthropological Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SVK9W8RG","journalArticle","1973","Granovetter, Mark S.","The Strength of Weak Ties","American Journal of Sociology","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2776392","Analysis of social networks is suggested as a tool for linking micro and macro levels of sociological theory. The procedure is illustrated by elaboration of the macro implications of one aspect of small-scale interaction: the strength of dyadic ties. It is argued that the degree of overlap of two individuals' friendship networks varies directly with the strength of their tie to one another. The impact of this principle on diffusion of influence and information, mobility opportunity, and community organization is explored. Stress is laid on the cohesive power of weak ties. Most network models deal, implicitly, with strong ties, thus confining their applicability to small, well-defined groups. Emphasis on weak ties lends itself to discussion of relations between groups and to analysis of segments of social structure not easily defined in terms of primary groups.","1973","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2012-09-06","1360–1380","","6","78","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SVRJABHJ","journalArticle","2010","Lujala, Päivi","The spoils of nature: Armed civil conflict and rebel access to natural resources","Journal of Peace Research","","","","http://jpr.sagepub.com/content/47/1/15.short","","2010","2015-07-16 09:50:35","2015-07-16 09:51:32","2015-07-16 09:50:35","15–28","","1","47","","","The spoils of nature","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SVTRI5SH","journalArticle","2012","Cooper, Richard N.","Oil and Governance: State-Owned Enterprises and the World Energy Supply","Foreign Affairs","","0015-7120","","","","2012","2013-10-09 21:41:00","2013-10-11 10:24:02","","174-174","","6","91","","Foreign Aff.","Oil and Governance","","","","","","","English","","","","","ISI Web of Knowledge","","WOS:000319023700033","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SWF2BKPR","journalArticle","2014","Lin, Kun-Chin","Protecting the petroleum industry: renewed government aid to fossil fuel producers","Business and Politics","","1469-3569","10.1515/bap-2014-0019","http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/bap.2014.16.issue-4/bap-2014-0019/bap-2014-0019.xml","The dual pressures of the global economic crisis in 2008 and high crude prices through the subsequent recovery period have prompted oil-producing countries to adopt a wide range of protectionist measures including subsidies in all forms and trade and investment restrictions. Focusing on fiscal and industrial policy adjustments in the UK and the People’s Republic of China since 2008, this paper argues that both governments have sought an increase in tax contributions from the corporate sector in exchange for intensified, targeted support for specific capital investments that will address the challenges of overall decline in domestic oil production and new field exploration and oil recovery opportunities. These novel “rent-sharing” schemes – inadequately captured in recent academic debates over precise measurements of fuel subsidies – raise concerns for fair competition in the upstream market and politicians’ long-term commitment to the transitioning of energy mix toward green and renewable sources.","2014","2015-01-15 20:40:04","2015-01-15 20:40:04","2015-01-15 20:40:04","549–578","","4","16","","bap","Protecting the petroleum industry","","","","","","","","","","","","DeGruyter","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Lin_2014_(Protecting the petroleum industry).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SWFQM7VZ","journalArticle","1979","Krasner, Stephen D.","A Statist Interpretation of American Oil Policy toward the Middle East","Political Science Quarterly","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2150157","","1979","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2012-11-01","77–96","","1","94","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1979 The Academy of Political Science","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SWV378JE","journalArticle","2010","Tsygankova, Marina","When is a break-up of Gazprom good for Russia?","Energy Economics","","","10.1016/j.eneco.2010.02.006","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-11-24 00:56:01","","908–917","","4","32","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SWWSFX8B","journalArticle","2013","Poulsen, Lauge N. Skovgaard; Aisbett, Emma","When the Claim Hits: Bilateral Investment Treaties and Bounded Rational Learning","World Politics","","0043-8871, 1086-3338","10.1017/S0043887113000063","http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0043887113000063","","2013-04","2014-09-29 02:16:48","2014-09-29 02:16:48","2014-09-29 02:16:48","273-313","","02","65","","","When the Claim Hits","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Poulsen_Aisbett_2013_(When the Claim Hits).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SXG8QP7G","journalArticle","2015","Wiseman, Geoffrey","Diplomatic practices at the United Nations","Cooperation and Conflict","","0010-8367, 1460-3691","10.1177/0010836715574916","http://cac.sagepub.com/content/early/2015/04/13/0010836715574916","This article considers the importance of informal, practice-based change as opposed to formal change at the UN. I first evaluate UN reform, showing that diplomacy and institutional change within the UN system are better understood as having evolved less from major, formal reform of the UN Charter (‘the Charter’) than from minor changes in routine practices. I then examine what practice theory and diplomatic studies can learn from each other in terms of how each views the role of leading individuals, illustrating specific practice-based change in relation to the Secretary-General’s role. Next, I show how the appointment process for a new Secretary-General has evolved through informal practice, after which I advance an argument that UN diplomatic practices should be considered not only within the narrow context of a formal diplomatic corps of member state diplomats but also as part of an informal, wider diplomatic community of diplomats and non-state actors. Practice theory helps students of diplomacy think more abstractly and systematically about mundane diplomatic practices. Students of diplomacy can help guide practice theory toward empirical diplomatic activities that are often internalized and taken for granted. I conclude that a dialog between the two fields will promote a better understanding of diplomacy as undervalued practices.","2015-04-13","2015-04-23 13:48:28","2015-04-23 13:48:28","2015-04-23 13:48:28","0010836715574916","","","","","Cooperation and Conflict","","","","","","","","en","","","","","cac.sagepub.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SXGWJM3N","journalArticle","2014","Bass, A. Erin; Chakrabarty, Subrata","Resource security: Competition for global resources, strategic intent, and governments as owners","Journal of International Business Studies","","0047-2506","10.1057/jibs.2014.28","http://www.palgrave-journals.com.proxy.library.georgetown.edu/jibs/journal/v45/n8/abs/jibs201428a.html","We develop a resource security theory by examining the intent of acquisitions of scarce resources by multinational firms. Results suggest that owners of firms can shape the intent of resource acquisitions. Specifically, state-owned enterprises (SOEs) tend to acquire and pay more for resources for exploration rather than exploitation. This is because SOEs’ owners – governments – are most concerned with securing their country’s future. We contribute to the literature by suggesting that ownership influences resource acquisitions, that resource security is of importance to multinational enterprises, and that SOEs invest abroad to safeguard both their own and their home countries’ future. View full text","2014-10","2014-11-13 23:34:29","2014-11-13 23:34:29","2014-11-13 23:34:29","961-979","","8","45","","J Int Bus Stud","Resource security","","","","","","","en","© 2014 Academy of International Business","","","","www.palgrave-journals.com.proxy.library.georgetown.edu","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Bass_Chakrabarty_2014_(Resource security).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "SZZ3RWTU","journalArticle","2002","Pollitt, Michael","The economics of trust, norms and networks","Business Ethics: A European Review","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1467-8608.00266/abstract","The theme of this paper is that trust, norms and networks are critical contributors to social capital, itself a critical determinant of economic growth. Numerous factors have contributed in recent years to the decline of social capital, restraining business and national competitiveness. It is in the interests and part of the responsibility of business to address this issue; this provides an economic imperative – complementary to the ethical imperative – for business to take socially responsible governance seriously.","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2013-09-03","119–128","","2","11","","","","","","","","","","en","Blackwell Publishers Ltd 2002","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T294725K","journalArticle","2010","Greene, Kenneth F.","The political economy of authoritarian single-party dominance","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/43/7/807.short","","2010","2015-07-16 09:23:17","2015-07-16 09:23:17","2015-07-16 09:23:17","807–834","","7","43","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T29X7PU7","journalArticle","2015","Toft, Monica Duffy; Zhukov, Yuri M.","Islamists and Nationalists: Rebel Motivation and Counterinsurgency in Russia's North Caucasus","American Political Science Review","","1537-5943","10.1017/S000305541500012X","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S000305541500012X","This article offers the first disaggregated, quantitative comparison of Islamist and nationalist violence, using new data from Russia's North Caucasus. We find that violence by Islamist groups is less sensitive to government coercion than violence by nationalist groups. Selective counterinsurgency tactics outperform indiscriminate force in suppressing attacks by nationalists, but not Islamists. We attribute this finding to rebels’ support structure. Because Islamist insurgents rely less on local support than nationalists, they are able to maintain operations even where it is relatively costly for the local population to support them. These findings have potentially significant implications for other contemporary conflicts in which governments face both types of challenges to their authority and existing political order.","2015-05","2015-06-30 11:02:56","2015-06-30 11:02:56","2015-06-30 11:02:56","222–238","","02","109","","","Islamists and Nationalists","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Toft_Zhukov_2015_(Islamists and Nationalists).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T2PPHMEP","journalArticle","2008","Albornoz, Facundo; Galiani, Sebastian; Heymann, Daniel","Investment and expropriation under oligarchy and democracy in a Heckscher-Ohlin world","SSRN Paper","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1085360","","2008","2013-10-11 12:56:10","2014-10-31 15:09:05","2013-10-11 12:56:10","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","FDI","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T37UTP4V","journalArticle","2012","McKoy, M. K.; Lake, D. A.","Bargaining Theory and Rationalist Explanations for the Iraq War","International Security","","","","","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","","172–178","","3","36","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T3ETQENU","journalArticle","2015","Cornut, Jérémie","Analytic Eclecticism in Practice: A Method for Combining International Relations Theories","International Studies Perspectives","","1528-3585","10.1111/insp.12072","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/insp.12072/abstract","The relation of different theoretical approaches to one another is a disquieting question in International Relations (IR). Building on recent scholarship addressing the logic of questions and the analytical tools the scholarship provides for investigating the contributions of different explanations this piece argues that any and all explanations are an answer to a contrastive why-question. First, the article presents the objections to eclecticism. It then reviews the application of the logic of questions to IR and develops a “contrast theory” clarifying this logic: Seeking an explanation means delimiting a contrast space within a specific interrogatory context. The article lastly shows how these concepts help in thinking about post-foundational science of IR, that is, a science with no universal epistemological foundation to knowledge. I argue that the pragmatic, problem-driven and complexity-sensitive research agendas are a stronger foundation than currently predominant conceptualizations. An example, drawn from Iran's attempts to acquire nuclear weapons, helps illustrate the value-added by a logic of questions approach.","2015-02-01","2015-04-23 13:50:57","2015-04-23 13:50:57","2015-04-23 13:50:57","50-66","","1","16","","Int Stud Perspect","Analytic Eclecticism in Practice","","","","","","","en","© 2014 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Cornut_2015_(Analytic Eclecticism in Practice).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T3NARUP5","journalArticle","2000","Pierson, P.","Increasing returns, path dependence, and the study of politics","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/2586011","","2000","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2012-11-01","251–267","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T4CATJHP","bookSection","2009","Eberhardt, Adam","Energy Relations between Russia and Belarus","Geopolitics of pipelines : energy interdependence and inter-state relations in the post-Soviet area","","","","","","2009","2012-05-16 15:35:16","2014-09-04 20:22:44","","55-84","","","","","","","","","","","The Polish Institute for International Affairs","Warsaw","","","","","","search8.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Energy policy – Former Soviet republics.; Energy policy – Russia (Federation); Former Soviet republics – Relations\textbarzRussia (Federation); Russia (Federation) – Relations\textbarzFormer Soviet republics.","Energy policy -- Former Soviet republics.; Energy policy -- Russia (Federation); Former Soviet republics -- Relations|zRussia (Federation); Russia (Federation) -- Relations|zFormer Soviet republics.","Wyciszkiewicz, Ernest","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T4P3DKA4","journalArticle","2008","Pattison, James","Just War Theory and the Privatization of Military Force","Ethics & International Affairs","","1747-7093","10.1111/j.1747-7093.2008.00140.x","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747-7093.2008.00140.x/abstract","The use of private military companies (PMCs) has become increasingly prevalent, with such firms as Blackwater, MPRI, and DynCorp taking over a growing number of roles traditionally performed by the regular military. This article uses the framework of just war theory (JWT) to consider the central normative issues raised by this privatization of military force. In particular, I first examine the claim that private contractors are inappropriate actors to wage war because they contravene the JWT principle of right intention. The next section asserts that the use of PMCs is largely consistent with the application of the principle of legitimate authority but undermines two of its central rationales. In the third section, I apply the jus in bello principle of discrimination to PMC personnel. Overall, I argue that JWT needs to be updated and extended to respond to the issues raised by the privatization of military force.","2008","2013-11-15 09:04:36","2013-11-15 09:04:36","2013-11-15 09:04:36","143–162","","2","22","","","","","","","","","","en","© 2008 Carnegie Council for Ethics in International Affairs","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T4SDD42I","journalArticle","2005","Gereffi, Gary; Humphrey, John; Sturgeon, Timothy","The governance of global value chains","Review of International Political Economy","","0969-2290, 1466-4526","10.1080/09692290500049805","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09692290500049805","","2005-02","2013-04-10 23:57:13","2014-09-04 20:23:09","2013-04-10 23:57:13","78-104","","1","12","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","CrossRef","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T4VSQCX6","journalArticle","2004","Blonigen, Bruce A.; Tomlin, KaSaundra; Wilson, Wesley W.","Tariff-jumping FDI and domestic firms’ profits","Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0008-4085.2004.00242.x/full","","2004","2014-11-04 22:47:46","2014-11-04 22:47:46","2014-11-04 22:47:46","656–677","","3","37","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2004/Blonigen et al_2004_(Tariff-jumping FDI and domestic firms’ profits).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T54MV9E7","journalArticle","1984","Cornes, Richard; Sandler, Todd","Easy riders, joint production, and public goods","The Economic Journal","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/2232704","","1984","2013-10-10 12:53:10","2013-10-10 12:53:10","2013-10-10 12:53:10","580–598","","375","94","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","IPE","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T5B4P55U","journalArticle","2011","HARSTAD, B$\textbackslashAA$RD; SVENSSON, JAKOB","Bribes, Lobbying, and Development","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","","46–63","","01","105","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T5IJ8XAX","journalArticle","2013","Aisbett, Emma; McAusland, Carol","Firm characteristics and influence on government rule-making: Theory and evidence","European Journal of Political Economy","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0176268012000602","","2013","2014-12-02 22:05:14","2014-12-02 22:05:28","2014-12-02 22:05:14","214–235","","C","29","","","Firm characteristics and influence on government rule-making","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T5NEXDHM","report","2008","Garibaldi, Ida","NATO and European Energy Security","","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","","1–6","","","","","","","","","","","American Enterprise Institute","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","1","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T5VZR752","journalArticle","2004","Shulman, Stephen","The contours of civic and ethnic national identification in Ukraine","Europe-Asia Studies","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2014-09-04 18:31:41","","35–56","","1","56","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T5W8GIPJ","journalArticle","1991","Walt, Stephen M.","The Renaissance of Security Studies","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2600471","This article examines the evolution of security studies, focusing on recent developments in the field. It provides a survey of the field, a guide to the current research agenda, and some practical lessons for managing the field in the years ahead. Security studies remains an interdisciplinary enterprise, but its earlier preoccupation with nuclear issues has broadened to include topics such as grand strategy, conventional warfare, and the domestic sources of international conflict, among others. Work in the field is increasingly rigorous and theoretically inclined, which reflects the marriage between security studies and social science and its improved standing within the academic world. Because national security will remain a problem for states and because an independent scholarly community contributes to effective public policy in this area, the renaissance of security studies is an important positive development for the field of international relations.","1991","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2013-01-09","211–239","","2","35","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1991 The International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T62ID7CM","journalArticle","2005","Lieberman, Evan S.","Nested Analysis as a Mixed-Method Strategy for Comparative Research","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/30038950","Despite repeated calls for the use of ”mixed methods"" in comparative analysis, political scientists have few systematic guides for carrying out such work. This paper details a unified approach which joins intensive case-study analysis with statistical analysis. Not only are the advantages of each approach combined, but also there is a synergistic value to the nested research design: for example, statistical analyses can guide case selection for in-depth research, provide direction for more focused case studies and comparisons, and be used to provide additional tests of hypotheses generated from small-N research. Small-N analyses can be used to assess the plausibility of observed statistical relationships between variables, to generate theoretical insights from outlier and other cases, and to develop better measurement strategies. This integrated strategy improves the prospects of making valid causal inferences in cross-national and other forms of comparative research by drawing on the distinct strengths of two important approaches.","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","","435–452","","3","99","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2005 American Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T673T2SW","journalArticle","2000","Busch, M. L.; Reinhardt, E.","Bargaining in the shadow of the law: early settlement in GATT/WTO disputes","Fordham International Law Journal","","","","http://heinonlinebackup.com/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/frdint24§ion=18","","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2012-11-07","158","","","24","","","Bargaining in the shadow of the law","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T6VVMKV3","journalArticle","2011","Hughes, Llewelyn; Flores-Macias, Francisco","“Drill, Baby, Drill!” The Correlates of “Energy Independence” Policy in the United States","","","","","http://ncgg.princeton.edu/IPES/2011/papers/S1145_rm1.pdf","","2011","2013-10-10 12:46:32","2013-10-10 12:46:32","2013-10-10 12:46:32","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T78AZPIK","journalArticle","2012","Santifort, C.; Sandler, T.; Brandt, P. T.","Terrorist attack and target diversity: Changepoints and their drivers","Journal of Peace Research","","","","http://jpr.sagepub.com/content/early/2012/08/17/0022343312445651.abstract","","2012","2012-09-28 03:06:33","2014-09-04 20:26:09","2012-09-28 03:06:33","","","","","","","Terrorist attack and target diversity","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T79G5ZXB","journalArticle","2000","Brown, R.","Social identity theory: Past achievements, current problems and future challenges","European Journal of Social Psychology","","","","","","2000","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:22:06","","745-778","","6","30","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T7JCRZD4","book","1999","Gustafson, Thane","Capitalism Russian-style","","0521641756","","","","","1999","2012-09-20 04:29:20","2014-09-04 20:23:30","","","264","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge, U.K. ; New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HC340.12 .G87 1999","","","","","1991-; Capitalism; Economic conditions; Post-communism; Russia (Federation); Social conditions","1991-; Capitalism; Economic conditions; Post-communism; Russia (Federation); Social conditions","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T7MRHBVG","journalArticle","2008","Hadfield, Amelia","EU-Russia Energy Relations: Aggregation and Aggravation","Journal of Contemporary European Studies","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","","231–248","","2","16","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T7R4AKIP","journalArticle","2014","Clifford, Scott","Linking Issue Stances and Trait Inferences: A Theory of Moral Exemplification","The Journal of Politics","","","10.1017/S0022381614000176","","Considerable research has demonstrated the importance of perceptions of politicians’ character traits for vote choice. Yet, we know little about the antecedents of trait attributions. Drawing on Moral Foundations Theory, I argue that character traits correspond to particular moral foundations. I introduce a theory of moral exemplification, according to which individuals use their own moral motivations, and the character traits exemplifying these motivations, to interpret the behavior of politicians. The analysis of three separate studies reveals support for the theory. First, individuals’ moral foundations predict the accessibility of corresponding traits and thus their propensity to be used in evaluation. Second, across two experiments, politicians’ issue stances shape perceptions of their traits. As predicted, however, the type of trait inference made depends on the moral foundation associated with the individual’s issue stance. I conclude with a discussion of how moral exemplification theory provides insight into trait ownership theory and campaign strategy.","2014","2014-09-08 20:36:31","2014-09-08 20:36:31","","698-710","","03","76","","","Linking Issue Stances and Trait Inferences","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Clifford_2014_(Linking Issue Stances and Trait Inferences).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T824JZ44","book","2007","Stulberg, Adam N.","Well-oiled diplomacy : strategic manipulation and Russia's energy statecraft in Eurasia","","9780791470633","","","http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0613/2006014432.html","","2007","2012-05-10 18:28:54","2014-09-04 20:26:52","2012-05-10 18:28:54","","","","","","","Well-oiled diplomacy","","","","","State University of New York Press","Albany","","","","","","search8.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Asia; Central.; Central – Foreign relations\textbarzRussia (Federation); Energy policy – Russia (Federation); Gas industry – Political aspects\textbarzRussia (Federation); Geopolitics – Russia (Federation); Nuclear industry – Political aspects\textbarzRussia (Federation); Petroleum industry and trade – Political aspects\textbarzRussia (Federation); Russia (Federation) – Foreign relations\textbarzAsia","Asia, Central -- Foreign relations|zRussia (Federation); Energy policy -- Russia (Federation); Gas industry -- Political aspects|zRussia (Federation); Geopolitics -- Russia (Federation); Nuclear industry -- Political aspects|zRussia (Federation); Petroleum industry and trade -- Political aspects|zRussia (Federation); Russia (Federation) -- Foreign relations|zAsia, Central.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T8N5TBW5","book","2000","Linde, Coby van der","The state and the international oil market: competition and the changing ownership of crude oil assets","","0792377095","","","","","2000","2012-09-20 04:17:53","2014-11-22 22:15:22","","","170","","","","","The state and the international oil market","Studies in industrial organization","v. 23","","","Kluwer Academic","Boston","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD9560.6 .L55 2000","","","","","Government policy; Petroleum industry and trade","Government policy; Petroleum industry and trade","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T8SZRHQ6","book","2005","Meunier, Sophie","Trading voices: the European Union in international commercial negotiations","","069112115X","","","","","2005","2012-11-20 13:09:49","2014-09-04 20:25:14","","","223","","","","","Trading voices","","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton, N.J","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HF3496.5 .M48 2005","","","","","Commerce; EU; Trade","Commerce","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T94QAZV2","journalArticle","1987","Feigenbaum, Harvey B.","States, Markets & the Politics of Energy","Polity","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3234943","","1987","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2013-03-04","167–178","","1","20","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1987 Northeastern Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T9A7HDHX","bookSection","2008","Leander, Anna","Thinking Tools","Qualitative Methods in International Relations","","","","","","2008","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:24:46","","","","","","","","","","","","","Palgrave Macmillan","New York","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Klotz, Audie; Prakash, Deepa","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T9AJDGBN","thesis","2009","Godin, Sybille","The Russian-Ukrainian Gas Conflict the Repercussions on the European Economy Master Thesis","","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2014-09-04 18:31:31","","","","","","","","","","","","","Maastricht University","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "T9H5993T","report","2006","Antràs, Pol; Helpman, Elhanan","Contractual frictions and global sourcing","","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w12747","","2006","2014-10-31 00:44:13","2014-10-31 00:44:13","2014-10-31 00:44:13","","","","","","","","","","","","National Bureau of Economic Research","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TAAA53M8","journalArticle","2013","Oatley, Thomas; Winecoff, W. Kindred; Pennock, Andrew; Danzman, Sarah Bauerle","The Political Economy of Global Finance: A Network Model","Perspectives on Politics","","","","","Although the subprime crisis regenerated interest in and stimulated debate about how to study the politics of global finance, it has not sparked the development of new approaches to International Political Economy (IPE), which remains firmly rooted in actor-centered models. We develop an alternative network-based approach that shifts the analytical focus to the relations between actors. We first depict the contemporary global financial system as a network, with a particular focus on its hierarchical structure. We then explore key characteristics of this global financial network, including how the hierarchic network structure shapes the dynamics of financial contagion and the source and persistence of power. Throughout, we strive to relate existing research to our network approach in order to highlight exactly where this approach accommodates, where it extends, and where it challenges existing knowledge generated by actor-centered models. We conclude by suggesting that a network approach enables us to construct a systemic IPE that is theoretically and empirically pluralist.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","","133–153","","01","11","","","The Political Economy of Global Finance","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TAQNF7KT","journalArticle","2010","Tyldum, Guri","Limitations in Research on Human Trafficking*","International Migration","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2435.2009.00597.x/full","","2010","2015-03-20 13:33:37","2015-03-20 13:33:37","2015-03-20 13:33:37","1–13","","5","48","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Tyldum_2010_(Limitations in Research on Human Trafficking).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TBS5SVCX","journalArticle","2014","Scoggins, Suzanne E.","Navigating Fieldwork as an Outsider: Observations from Interviewing Police Officers in China","PS: Political Science & Politics","","1537-5935","10.1017/S1049096514000274","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1049096514000274","","2014-04","2015-02-23 19:06:30","2015-02-23 19:06:30","2015-02-23 19:06:30","394–397","","02","47","","","Navigating Fieldwork as an Outsider","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Scoggins_2014_(Navigating Fieldwork as an Outsider).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TBZEPRE5","book","1991","Snyder, Jack L","Myths of Empire: Domestic Politics and International Ambition","","0801425328","","","","","1991","2012-05-05 12:07:57","2014-09-04 20:26:43","","","330","","","","","Myths of Empire","Cornell studies in security affairs","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca, N.Y","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JC359 .S577 1991","","","","","19th century; 20th century; Imperialism; World politics","19th century; Imperialism; World politics","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TC7FGHR3","book","1998","Kreimer, Alcira; others","The World Bank's experience with post-conflict reconstruction","","","","","","","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","","","","","","","","","","","","","World Bank Publications","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TCP9NE3I","manuscript","2011","Herborth, Benjamin","Do we need less than 193 theories of foreign policy?","","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TCQFIG4E","journalArticle","2011","Abadie, Alberto; Diamond, Alexis; Hainmueller, Jens","Synth: An R Package for Synthetic Control Methods in Comparative Case Studies","Journal of Statistical Software","","","","http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/71234","","2011","2014-11-21 23:09:27","2015-07-09 08:56:25","2014-11-21 23:09:27","","","13","42","","","Synth","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Abadie et al_2011_(Synth).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TDHENPTR","journalArticle","2014","Payton, Autumn Lockwood; Woo, Byungwon","Attracting Investment: Governments' Strategic Role in Labor Rights Protection","International Studies Quarterly","","1468-2478","10.1111/isqu.12138","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/isqu.12138/abstract","What is the relationship between respect for labor rights and foreign direct investment (FDI)? This study explores this connection with an emphasis on the strategic role of governments in attracting FDI. We present a formal model demonstrating that governments can do so by setting the level of labor rights protection and, as a consequence, investors will choose to invest in the face of tough labor regulations or cease investing, anticipating that the costs of abiding by these regulations will be too high. The model also suggests that governments will have an incentive to implement labor regulations when enforcement costs are sufficiently low or the profits from investment are sufficiently high. Using data from developing countries across time, error correction models test the dynamic nature of these hypotheses and find support for them: strict labor laws tend to decrease inflow of FDI, but more FDI tends to encourage better labor practices.","2014-06-01","2014-09-08 20:35:52","2014-11-24 01:02:38","2014-09-08 20:35:52","462–474","","3","58","","Int Stud Q","Attracting Investment","","","","","","","en","© 2014 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Payton_Woo_2014_(Attracting Investment).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TDM94W74","journalArticle","1990","Maskin, Eric; Tirole, Jean","The principal-agent relationship with an informed principal: The case of private values","Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2938208","","1990","2015-03-18 03:09:49","2015-03-18 03:11:41","2015-03-18 03:09:49","379–409","","2","58","","","The principal-agent relationship with an informed principal","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1990/Maskin_Tirole_1990_(The principal-agent relationship with an informed principal).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TDQ2MKTT","journalArticle","2010","Seabrooke, Leonard","Economists and diplomacy","International Journal","","","","http://heinonlinebackup.com/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/intj66§ion=46","","2010","2015-02-01 23:45:59","2015-02-01 23:46:59","2015-02-01 23:45:59","629-642","","3","66","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/85VWZ6CH/Seabrooke 2012.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TE85G59E","journalArticle","2013","Bai, Jushan","Fixed-Effects Dynamic Panel Models, a Factor Analytical Method","Econometrica","","1468-0262","10.3982/ECTA9409","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.3982/ECTA9409/abstract","We consider the estimation of dynamic panel data models in the presence of incidental parameters in both dimensions: individual fixed-effects and time fixed-effects, as well as incidental parameters in the variances. We adopt the factor analytical approach by estimating the sample variance of individual effects rather than the effects themselves. In the presence of cross-sectional heteroskedasticity, the factor method estimates the average of the cross-sectional variances instead of the individual variances. The method thereby eliminates the incidental-parameter problem in the means and in the variances over the cross-sectional dimension. We further show that estimating the time effects and heteroskedasticities in the time dimension does not lead to the incidental-parameter bias even when T and N are comparable. Moreover, efficient and robust estimation is obtained by jointly estimating heteroskedasticities.","2013","2013-09-17 10:16:16","2013-09-17 10:16:16","2013-09-17 10:16:16","285–314","","1","81","","","","","","","","","","en","© 2013 The Econometric Society","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","Quant","efficiency; fixed-T and large-T dynamic panels; heteroskedasticity; Incidental parameters in means; incidental parameters in variances; robust estimation","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TEJ6FW22","journalArticle","2014","Pepinsky, Thomas B.","Surveys, Experiments, and the Landscape of International Political Economy","International Interactions","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03050629.2014.899223","","2014","2015-02-15 03:27:53","2015-02-15 03:27:53","2015-02-15 03:27:53","431–442","","3","40","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Pepinsky_2014_(Surveys, Experiments, and the Landscape of International Political Economy).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TEKCG86Q","journalArticle","2003","Ganghof, Steffen","Promises and Pitfalls of Veto Player Analysis","Swiss Political Science Review","","","","","","2003","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","","1–25","","2","9","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TEPHTXK8","journalArticle","2013","","World investment prospects to 2011: Foreign direct investment and the challenge of political risk","","","","","http://academiccommons.columbia.edu/catalog/ac:135567","The report contains the first authoritative data on FDI flows for 2006 and forecasts flows until 2011, with 2007 set for a new record. It also contains the results of a survey of over 600 corporate executives concerning their investment intentions for the next five years. World Investment Prospects to 2011 pays special attention to the rise of FDI protectionism and regulatory risk.","2013-05-02","2014-11-14 01:30:07","2014-11-22 21:00:42","2014-11-14 01:30:07","","","","","","","World investment prospects to 2011","","","","","","","","","","","","academiccommons.columbia.edu","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Investment_Unit_2007_(World investment prospects to 2011).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TF557HEG","journalArticle","2012","Sauder, Michael; Lynn, Freda; Podolny, Joel M.","Status: Insights from Organizational Sociology","Annual Review of Sociology","","","10.1146/annurev-soc-071811-145503","http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-071811-145503","Status has become an increasingly influential concept in the fields of organizational and economic sociology during the past two decades. Research in this area has not only helped explain behavior within and between organizations, but has also contributed to our understanding of status processes more generally. In this review, we point to the contributions of this field in terms of the determinants of status, the effects of status, and the mechanisms by which these effects are produced. We next appraise the way in which a network approach has contributed to our formal understanding of status positions and status hierarchies. We then highlight recent studies that demonstrate the value of studying the structures of status hierarchies themselves rather than focusing solely on the actors within them. After suggesting potential directions for future research, we conclude by calling for renewed efforts to translate concepts and theories across levels of analysis and substantive commitment in order to build more general theories of status processes.","2012","2015-04-12 17:34:15","2015-04-12 17:34:15","2015-04-12 17:34:15","267-283","","1","38","","","Status","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Sauder et al_2012_(Status)2.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TF7M3DGS","book","2003","Camerer, Colin","Behavioral game theory: Experiments in strategic interaction","","","","","https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=o7iRQTOe0AoC&oi=fnd&pg=PP2&dq=game+theory+behavioral+economics&ots=GrGd8dym4N&sig=5jbxIfZxCHl5pkH36LvYlf0cPL4","","2003","2015-03-21 16:41:37","2015-03-21 16:41:37","2015-03-21 16:41:37","","","","","","","Behavioral game theory","","","","","Princeton University Press","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TFF76ED3","book","1999","Neumann, Iver B.","Uses of the Other: ""The East"" in European Identity formation","","","","","","","1999","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:25:29","","","","","","","","","","","","","University of Minnesota Press","Minneapolis","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TFNF6R22","journalArticle","2005","Frieden, Jeffry A.; Lake, David A.","International Relations as a Social Science: Rigor and Relevance","Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/25046115","Progress in the study of international politics depends on systematic, rigorous theory and empirical testing. International Relations is most useful when scholars can identify with some confidence the causal forces that drive foreign policy and international interactions, not when they use their detailed empirical knowledge to offer opinions, however intelligent and well informed. Deterrence theory, the democratic peace research program, and the political economy of trade policy demonstrate the importance of both theory and empirical research in enhancing the understanding of international relations. The bargaining theory of war and open economy politics are the current frontiers of research on international relations and promise even greater understanding in the future.","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2012-05-06","136–156","","","600","","","International Relations as a Social Science","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TFTBS4N9","bookSection","2006","Khalaf, Abdulhadi; Luciani, Giacomo","Introduction","Constitutional Reform and Political Participation in the Gulf","","","","http://lup.lub.lu.se/record/532933/file/625360.pdf#page=239","","2006","2015-12-09 19:59:31","2015-12-09 20:01:17","2015-07-16 09:44:58","1-16","","","","","","The new corporatism in Saudi Arabia","","","","","Gulf Research Center","Dubai, UAE","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","Khalaf, Abdulhadi; Luciani, Giacomo","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TGKAZDME","book","1962","Sereno, Renzo","The Rulers","","","","","","","1962","2013-01-02 17:30:21","2014-09-04 20:26:26","","","186","","","","","","","","","","Praeger","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JC336 .S4","","","","","Philosophy; Political science; Power (Social sciences)","Philosophy; Political science; Power (Social sciences)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TGSTV66D","journalArticle","2014","Cherp, Aleh; Jewell, Jessica","The concept of energy security: Beyond the four As","Energy Policy","","0301-4215","10.1016/j.enpol.2014.09.005","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421514004960","Energy security studies have expanded from their classic beginnings following the 1970s oil crises to encompass various energy sectors and increasingly diverse issues. This viewpoint contributes to the re-examination of the meaning of energy security that has accompanied this expansion. Our starting point is that energy security is an instance of security in general and thus any concept of it should address three questions: “Security for whom?”, “Security for which values?” and “Security from what threats?” We examine an influential approach – the ‘four As of energy security’ (availability, accessibility, affordability, and acceptability) and related literature of energy security – to show it does not address these questions. We subsequently summarize recent insights which propose a different concept of energy security as ‘low vulnerability of vital energy systems’. This approach opens the road for detailed exploration of vulnerabilities as a combination of exposure to risks and resilience and of the links between vital energy systems and critical social functions. The examination of energy security framed by this concept involves several scientific disciplines and provides a useful platform for scholarly analysis and policy learning.","2014-12","2015-06-30 15:58:28","2015-06-30 15:58:28","2015-06-30 15:58:28","415-421","","","75","","Energy Policy","The concept of energy security","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Cherp_Jewell_2014_(The concept of energy security).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TH85TUDK","report","2002","Rose, Andrew K.","Do we really know that the WTO increases trade?","","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w9273","","2002","2014-02-07 19:43:41","2014-02-07 19:43:41","2014-02-07 19:43:41","","","","","","","","","","","","National Bureau of Economic Research","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "THIQ83TC","journalArticle","1994","Noreng, O.","National Oil Companies and Their Government Owners: The Politics of Interaction and Control","Journal of Energy and Development","","","","http://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/443421","The purpose of this article is to discuss the interaction of national oil companies with their government owners. Control in the oil industry is more difficult to exert than in most other industries because of the capital intensity and the particular cost structure and risk exposure. Hence, direct intervention through national oil companies is seen by many governments as a prerequisite for controlling the oil industry on their territory, but the very factors that make the private oil industry difficult to control also render national firms difficult to control. This is a fairly universal experience, from Mexico to Malaysia, from Nigeria to Norway. National oil companies (NOCs) represent a salient issue for a large number of countries, especially oil-exporting ones, as for the world economy. Whereas until 1973 governments and state-owned firms marketed only a minute fraction of the oil traded internationally, in the mid-1990s they probably supply at least two-thirds of the soil sold in the world market. At this time, NOCs dominate the international industry in terms of output and even more so in terms of reserves. The efforts of many oil-exporting countries in the 1990s to open their industries to private investors enhance the importance of the national oil companies as partners.","1994-12-31","2014-11-14 01:26:42","2014-11-14 01:26:54","2014-11-14 01:26:42","","","2","19","","","National Oil Companies and Their Government Owners","","","","","","","English","","","","","www.osti.gov","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "THMSGE6Q","bookSection","2004","Adelman, M.A.; Lynch, Michael C.","Markets for Petroleum","Encyclopedia of Energy","978-0-12-176480-7","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B012176480X001352","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2013-09-03","809–823","","","","","","","","","","","Elsevier","New York","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cutler J. Cleveland","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "THR7EIZP","book","2012","Evans, Mr Martin DD","International capital flows and debt dynamics","","","","","http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=G6iecw113TEC&oi=fnd&pg=PP2&dq=%22in+such+models+is+largely+determined+by+the+prospects+for+future+surpluses+whereas%22+%22positions.+The+model+provides+an+integrated+framework+for+examining+the+real+and%22+&ots=2AZ4dXlOXB&sig=qNV4bscUrID7bsZ2CPCwo7HXtJM","","2012","2014-10-15 22:29:15","2014-10-15 22:29:15","2014-10-15 22:29:15","","","","","","","","","12-175","","","Andrews McMeel Publishing","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Evans_2012_(International capital flows and debt dynamics).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TI2GUXTQ","journalArticle","1997","Gilligan, Michael J.","Lobbying as a Private Good with Intra-Industry Trade","International Studies Quarterly","","1468-2478","10.1111/0020-8833.00052","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/0020-8833.00052/abstract","Intra-industry trade—trade in different varieties of the same product between countries with similar factor endowments—has been an important and surprising feature of the postwar international economy. Economists have explained this trade with models of monopolistic competition, which suggest that intra-industry trade does not have the stark distributional consequences that the more traditional “endowments-based” trade does. I do not dispute that claim here, although I do dispute a political implication drawn from it—that intra-industry trade produces less political action than endowments-based trade. I argue that, because firms involved in intra-industry trade are monopolists, lobbying essentially becomes a private good. If intra-industry trade places costs on firms, they do not have less incentive to take political action to stop it, as the conventional wisdom suggests. I provide evidence for this contention from complaints lodged with the International Trade Commission. The results show that the higher the degree of intra-industry trade the more likely an industry will request protection from the ITC.","1997","2014-02-06 20:26:55","2014-02-06 20:26:55","2014-02-06 20:26:55","455–474","","3","41","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TI3ZU45D","report","2014","Hollyer, James R.; Rosendorff, B. Peter; Vreeland, James Raymond","Why do Autocrats Disclose?","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2452480","Autocratic governments are often thought to hold a strong preference for opacity. Autocracies are, on average, less transparent than democracies and a closed informational environment serves as a mechanism for preventing mass unrest and preserving the autocratic regime. Yet, autocracies vary widely in the extent to which they disclose economic information to their publics. In this paper, we offer an explanation for why some autocrats choose to disclose. The disclosure of information to the public benefits autocratic leaders in two ways: First, it encourages increased foreign investment, boosting the available resources for disbursing rents to the leader and to members of the regime. Second, precisely because a more transparent informational environment facilitates mass unrest, it renders elites more complacent. Members of the elite are less willing to take action to remove their leader as the regime becomes less stable. In essence, transparency enables the leader to use the risk of mass insurrection as a threat to better control members of her regime. We illustrate these arguments with a formal model, and we demonstrate that -- consistent with theoretical expectations -- leaders are more likely to disclose in institutionalized regimes and when leaders are newly appointed. We further demonstrate that transparency predicts FDI inflows.","2014","2014-09-16 12:14:16","2014-09-16 12:14:16","2014-09-16 12:14:16","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Hollyer et al_2014_(Why do Autocrats Disclose).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2452480","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TI9ENNFV","journalArticle","2014","Enns, Peter K.","The Public's Increasing Punitiveness and Its Influence on Mass Incarceration in the United States: PUNITIVE ATTITUDES AND MASS INCARCERATION","American Journal of Political Science","","00925853","10.1111/ajps.12098","http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/ajps.12098","","2014-10","2015-02-15 23:10:38","2015-02-15 23:10:38","2015-02-15 23:10:38","857-872","","4","58","","","The Public's Increasing Punitiveness and Its Influence on Mass Incarceration in the United States","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/S5JDHHNW/Enns_PunIncRate_AJPSfin.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TIC3KZDZ","journalArticle","2014","Dewan, Torun; Galeotti, Andrea; Ghiglino, Christian; Squintani, Francesco","Information Aggregation and Optimal Structure of the Executive","American Journal of Political Science","","1540-5907","10.1111/ajps.12121","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ajps.12121/abstract","We model two aspects of executives in parliamentary democracies: Decision-making authority is assigned to individuals, and private information is aggregated through communication. When information is relevant to all policies and communication is private, all decisions should be centralized to a single politician. A government that holds cabinet meetings, where information is made available to all decision makers, outperforms one where communication is private: A multimember cabinet can be optimal; it need not be single peaked around the most moderate politician or ideologically connected. Centralization is nonmonotonic in the degree of ideological divergence. In a large cabinet, all power should be given to the most moderate politician. Even when uncertainty is policy specific and a single politician is informed on each policy, power should never be fully decentralized. Our model provides a justification for centralized authority and cabinet meetings that enhance the quality of policy.","2014-08-01","2014-09-08 20:17:42","2014-11-22 22:23:19","2014-09-08 20:17:42","","","","","","American Journal of Political Science","","","","","","","","en","© 2014, Midwest Political Science Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Dewan et al_2014_(Information Aggregation and Optimal Structure of the Executive).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TIMFN825","journalArticle","1996","Sniderman, Paul M.; Grob, Douglas B.","Innovations in experimental design in attitude surveys","Annual Review of Sociology","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2083436","","1996","2014-12-02 17:13:36","2014-12-02 17:13:44","2014-12-02 17:13:36","377–399","","","22","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TIRWTJRV","journalArticle","2008","Moghaddam, F. M.","The psychological citizen and the two concepts of social contract: a preliminary analysis","Political Psychology","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","","881–901","","6","29","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TJ58WN8M","journalArticle","2007","Cazdyn, E.","Disaster, Crisis, Revolution","South Atlantic Quarterly","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","","647–662","","4","106","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TJ7KMTUG","journalArticle","1998","Ikenberry, G. John","Institutions, Strategic Restraint, and the Persistence of American Postwar Order","International Security","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2539338","","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2012-05-05","43–78","","3","23","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TJD9AT5K","journalArticle","1994","Aghion, Philippe; Tirole, Jean","The management of innovation","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2118360","","1994","2015-03-18 03:07:58","2015-03-18 03:07:58","2015-03-18 03:07:58","1185–1209","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1994/Aghion_Tirole_1994_(The management of innovation).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TK44VXQ2","journalArticle","2009","Wolf, Christian","Does ownership matter? The performance and efficiency of State Oil vs. Private Oil (1987–2006)","Energy Policy","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421509001372","","2009","2014-09-24 22:36:44","2014-09-24 22:36:44","2014-09-24 22:36:44","2642–2652","","7","37","","","Does ownership matter?","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Wolf_2009_(Does ownership matter).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TK57QX4Q","journalArticle","2009","Ross, Robert S.","China's Naval Nationalism: Sources, Prospects, and the U.S. Response","International Security","","","","http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/isec.2009.34.2.46","Recent developments in Chinese politics and defense policy indicate that China will soon embark on an ambitious maritime policy that will include construction of a power-projection navy centered on an aircraft carrier. But just as nationalism and the pursuit of status encouraged past land powers to seek great power maritime capabilities, widespread nationalism, growing social instability, and the leadership's concern for its political legitimacy drive China's naval ambition. China's maritime power, however, will be limited by the constraints experienced by all land powers: enduring challenges to Chinese territorial security and a corresponding commitment to a large ground force capability will constrain China's naval capabilities and its potential challenge to U.S. maritime security. Nonetheless, China's naval nationalism will challenge U.S.-China cooperation. It will likely elicit increased U.S. naval spending and deployments, as well as politicization of China policy in the United States, challenging the United States to develop policy to manage U.S.-China naval competition to allow for continued political cooperation.","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2013-01-09","46–81","","2","34","","","China's Naval Nationalism","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TKVH5ATA","journalArticle","2005","Tannenwald, Nina","Stigmatizing the Bomb: Origins of the Nuclear Taboo","International Security","","","","http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/isec.2005.29.4.5","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","","5–49","","4","29","","","Stigmatizing the Bomb","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TMXJ7KUE","journalArticle","2014","Prakash, Aseem; Potoski, Matthew","Global Private Regimes, Domestic Public Law ISO 14001 and Pollution Reduction","Comparative Political Studies","","0010-4140, 1552-3829","10.1177/0010414013509573","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/47/3/369","Debates about the efficacy of private environmental regimes have been fueled by disparate research findings, such as when the same regime that has been effective in one setting is found to be ineffective in another. In this article, we show that the efficacy of ISO 14001, the most widely adopted voluntary environmental regime in the world, is conditioned by the stringency of countries’ domestic regulations. In doing so, we outline a model of strategic corporate environmentalism wherein firms strategically focus their International Organization for Standardization (ISO) certification to reduce emissions of visible air pollutants as opposed to less visible water pollutants. Our analyses of pollution levels for a panel of 159 countries (73 for water pollution) from 1991 to 2005 indicate that ISO 14001 certifications reduce air (SO2) emissions in countries with less stringent environmental regulations but have no effect on air emissions in countries with stringent environmental regulations. We also find that ISO membership levels are not associated with reductions in water pollution levels (Biochemical Oxygen Demand BOD), irrespective of stringency of domestic law. Our article suggests that the efficacy of global private environmental regimes is likely to be conditioned by the domestic regulatory context in which firms function, and given firm’s strategic considerations, this efficacy could vary across pollution types.","2014-03-01","2015-04-12 18:01:52","2015-04-12 18:01:52","2015-04-12 18:01:52","369-394","","3","47","","Comparative Political Studies","","","","","","","","en","","","","","cps.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Prakash_Potoski_2014_(Global Private Regimes, Domestic Public Law ISO 14001 and Pollution Reduction).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TN8AJIKQ","journalArticle","1959","Lipset, Seymour Martin","Some Social Requisites of Democracy: Economic Development and Political Legitimacy","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1951731","","1959","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2012-09-06","69–105","","1","53","","","Some Social Requisites of Democracy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TNDXUV3G","journalArticle","2010","Gholz, Eugene; Press, Daryl G.","Protecting “The Prize”: Oil and the U.S. National Interest","Security Studies","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09636412.2010.505865","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2012-04-30","453–485","","3","19","","","Protecting “The Prize”","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TP9VAT8B","book","1986","","Transitions from authoritarian rule","","0801831903","","","","","1986","2012-09-06 12:29:04","2014-09-04 20:25:33","","","218","","","","","","","","","","Johns Hopkins University Press","Baltimore","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JN12 .T73 1986","","","","","authoritarianism; Case studies; Democracy; Europe; Representative government and representation; Southern","Case studies; Europe, Southern; Representative government and representation","O'Donnell, Guillermo A.; Schmitter, Philippe C.; Whitehead, Laurence","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TPRSBTHE","book","1968","Huntington, Samuel P.","Political order in changing societies","","","","","","","1968","2012-10-31 15:52:00","2014-09-04 20:24:08","","","488","","","","","","","","","","Yale University Press","New Haven","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","","","","","","Political; science","Political science","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TPVA6TGC","book","1993","George, Alexander L; United States Institute of Peace","Bridging the Gap: Theory and Practice in Foreign Policy","","1878379232","","","","","1993","2012-05-05 14:20:15","2014-09-04 20:23:08","","","170","","","","","Bridging the Gap","","","","","United States Institute of Peace Press","Washington, D.C","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","E183.8.I57 G46 1993","","","","","1981-1989; 1989-1993; 1991; Causes; Foreign relations; Iraq; Persian Gulf War; United States","1981-1989; 1989-1993; Causes; Foreign relations; Iraq; Persian Gulf War, 1991; United States","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TQAUMQD3","book","1998","Machiavelli, Niccolo; Mansfield, Harvey C.","The Prince","","","","","","","1998","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:24:55","","","","","","","","","","","","","University of Chicago Press","Chicago","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","2nd","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TR68TT78","book","1993","Putnam, Robert D.; Leonardi, Robert; Nanetti, Raffaella","Making democracy work: civic traditions in modern Italy","","0691078890","","","","","1993","2012-09-06 12:25:57","2014-09-04 20:25:52","","","258","","","","","Making democracy work","","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton, N.J","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JN5477.R35 P866 1993","","","","","Decentralization in government; Democracy; Italy; Regionalism","Decentralization in government; Italy; Regionalism","","","","Leonardi, Robert; Nanetti, Raffaella","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TRKSABKJ","journalArticle","2000","Mahoney, James","Path Dependence in Historical Sociology","Theory and Society","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3108585","","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","","507–548","","4","29","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2000 Springer","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TRZTZUUZ","journalArticle","2006","Kydd, Andrew H.","When Can Mediators Build Trust?","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/27644366","Mediation is one of the most widespread techniques for preventing conflict and promoting cooperation. I examine the conditions under which mediators can facilitate cooperation by building trust between two parties. Assuming mediators have no intrinsic commitment to honesty, they can be credible trust builders in one-round interactions only if they care about the issue at stake, have a moderate ideal point, and do not find conflict to be too costly. A mediator that is solely interested in promoting cooperation, or one that is biased toward one side, will be ineffective. A desire to preserve a reputation for honesty can overcome a limited amount of bias or issue indifference.","2006","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2012-11-14","449–462","","3","100","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2006 American Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TSGDM48B","journalArticle","2012","Rao, Smriti; Presenti, Christina","Understanding human trafficking origin: A cross-country empirical analysis","Feminist Economics","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13545701.2012.680978","Feminist work on global human trafficking has highlighted the conceptual difficulty of differentiating between trafficking and migration. This contribution uses a cross-country United Nations Office on Crime and Drugs dataset on human trafficking from 2006 to empirically evaluate the socioeconomic characteristics of high-trafficking origin countries and compare them with patterns that have emerged in the literature on migration. In particular, the authors ask how and how much per capita income and gender inequality matter in shaping patterns of human trafficking. Ordinal logit regressions corrected for sample selection bias show that trafficking has an inverse U-shaped relationship with income per capita, and, controlling for income per capita, trafficking is more likely in countries with higher shares of female-to-male income. These results suggest strong parallels between patterns of trafficking and migration and lead the authors to believe that trafficking cannot be addressed without addressing the drivers of migration.","2012","2015-04-15 20:51:11","2015-04-15 20:52:04","2015-04-15 20:51:11","231–263","","2","18","","","Understanding human trafficking origin","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TSN9KMM2","journalArticle","2004","Ioffe, Grigory","Understanding Belarus: economy and political landscape","Europe-Asia Studies","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0966813032000161455","","2004","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2012-05-03","85–118","","1","56","","","Understanding Belarus","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TSRAUAR2","journalArticle","2015","Kirshner, Jonathan","The Economic Sins of Modern IR Theory and the Classical Realist Alternative","World Politics","","1086-3338","10.1017/S0043887114000318","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0043887114000318","ISMs matter. They reflect underlying philosophical points of departure and are rooted in specific explicit assumptions about how the world works. The very different expectations and conclusions of diverse theories often stem from the fact that those theories were derived from distinct and contrasting paradigmatic roots. To be aware of those foundations is to understand the likely strengths, weaknesses, limitations, controversies, and specific attributes of the various theories. In contemporary international relations (IR) scholarship there is a common claim that we are past paradigms, and many younger scholars are expected to recite this mantra. But making such a claim is a political act, not an intellectual one. It reflects the hegemony of one particular paradigmatic perspective—one with specific analytical building blocks of individualism, materialism, and hyperrationalism—an approach that is a paradigm and one so powerful that it has been described as an “intellectual monoculture.”","2015-01","2015-06-30 11:59:41","2015-06-30 11:59:41","2015-06-30 11:59:41","155–183","","01","67","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Kirshner_2015_(The Economic Sins of Modern IR Theory and the Classical Realist Alternative)2.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TT7RFFPD","journalArticle","2012","Özpek, Burak Bilgehan","Securing energy or energising security: the impact of Russia's energy policy on Turkey's accession to the European Union","Journal of International Relations and Development","","","","http://www.palgrave-journals.com/jird/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/jird201221a.html","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2012-09-20","","","","","","","Securing energy or energising security","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TTB7XGKB","journalArticle","2001","White, Stephen; Light, Margot; Lowenhardt, John","Belarus, Moldova and Ukraine: Looking east or looking west?","Perspectives on European Politics and Society","","","","","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2014-09-04 18:31:59","","289–304","","2","2","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TTNTS9GI","report","2011","Alfaro, Laura; Chen, Maggie","Surviving the Global Financial Crisis: Foreign Ownership and Establishment Performance","","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w17141","We examine the differential response of establishments to the recent global financial crisis with particular emphasis on the role of foreign ownership. Using a worldwide establishment panel dataset, we investigate how multinational subsidiaries around the world responded to the crisis relative to local establishments. We find that, first, multinational subsidiaries fared on average better than local counterfactuals with similar economic characteristics. Second, among multinational subsidiaries, establishments sharing stronger vertical production and financial linkages with parents exhibited greater resilience. Finally, in contrast to the crisis period, the effect of foreign ownership and linkages on establishment performance was insignificant in non-crisis years.","2011-06","2014-11-04 22:39:24","2014-11-04 22:39:24","2014-11-04 22:39:24","","","","","","","Surviving the Global Financial Crisis","","","","","National Bureau of Economic Research","","","","Working Paper","","","National Bureau of Economic Research","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Alfaro_Chen_2011_(Surviving the Global Financial Crisis).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","17141","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TTTTQXWV","journalArticle","2006","Lebovic, James H.; Voeten, Erik","The Politics of Shame: The Condemnation of Country Human Rights Practices in the UNCHR","International Studies Quarterly","","1468-2478","10.1111/j.1468-2478.2006.00429.x","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2006.00429.x/abstract","Although the United Nations Commission on Human Rights served as the primary forum in which governments publicly named and shamed others for abusing their citizens, the practices of the commission have been largely ignored by political scientists. To address that deficiency, this study analyzes the actions of the commission and its members' voting records in the 1977–2001 period. It establishes that targeting and punishment by the commission decreasingly fit the predictions of a realist perspective, in which naming and shaming is an inherently political exercise, and increasingly fit the predictions of a liberal “reputation” perspective, in which governments hold others to their promises, and a constructivist “social conformity” perspective, in which governments distribute and respond to social rewards and punishments. With the end of the Cold War, the commission's targeting and punishment of countries was based less on partisan ties, power politics, and the privileges of membership, and more on those countries' actual human rights violations, treaty commitments, and active participation in cooperative endeavors such as peacekeeping operations.","2006-12-01","2014-09-16 21:38:06","2014-09-16 21:38:06","2014-09-16 21:38:06","861-888","","4","50","","","The Politics of Shame","","","","","","","en","","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TUH83VAF","journalArticle","2011","Gerring, John","How good is good enough? A multidimensional, best-possible standard for research design","Political Research Quarterly","","","","http://prq.sagepub.com/content/64/3/625.short","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2013-03-04","625–636","","3","64","","","How good is good enough?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TUMKCMS9","book","2009","Osborne, Martin J.","An introduction to game theory","","9780195322484","","","","","2009","2012-05-19 13:53:53","2014-09-04 20:25:36","","","","","","","","","","","","","Oxford University Press","Oxford","","","","","","search1.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Game; theory.","Game theory.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TUPXSEX9","journalArticle","2007","Contractor, Farok J.","Is international business good for companies? The evolutionary or multi-stage theory of internationalization vs. the transaction cost perspective","Management International Review","","","","http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11575-007-0024-2","","2007","2014-11-22 18:05:47","2014-11-22 18:05:47","2014-11-22 18:05:47","453–475","","3","47","","","Is international business good for companies?","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Contractor_2007_(Is international business good for companies).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TUT5CAGG","conferencePaper","2009","Spruyt, Hendrik; Hall, Scott","Incomplete Contracting in International Relations: Patterns of Regional Integration in Europe and North America","Globalization, Institutions and Economic Security Workshop, The Mershon Center, Ohio State Universty","","","","http://politicalscience.osu.edu/intranet/gies/papers/Spruyt%20GIES%20paper.pdf","","2009","2015-02-13 02:15:45","2015-02-13 02:15:45","2015-02-13 02:15:45","","","","","","","Incomplete Contracting in International Relations","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/ASZNV87F/Spruyt GIES paper.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TUT885VR","bookSection","1986","Sarbin, TA A.","The narrative as a root metaphor for psychology","Narrative psychology: The storied nature of human conduct","","","","","","1986","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:26:10","","3-21","","","","","","","","","","","Praeger","New York","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Sarbin, T. A.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TV4M2Z6V","report","2007","Bernard, Andrew B.; Jensen, J. Bradford; Redding, Stephen J.; Schott, Peter K.","Firms in international trade","","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w13054","","2007","2013-10-11 15:08:41","2013-10-11 15:08:41","2013-10-11 15:08:41","","","","","","","","","","","","National Bureau of Economic Research","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Firms; Trade","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TVDUCDCS","book","2007","Jensen, Nathan","Firm-level responses to politics: Political institutions and the operations of us multinationals","","","","","http://halleinstitute.emory.edu/pdfs/PIEF_Jensen.pdf","","2007","2014-11-04 23:29:35","2014-11-04 23:29:35","2014-11-04 23:29:35","","","","","","","Firm-level responses to politics","","","","","Washington University St. Louis","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Jensen_2007_(Firm-level responses to politics).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TVJJ6PAZ","journalArticle","2006","Mehlum, Halvor; Moene, Karl; Torvik, Ragnar","Institutions and the resource curse*","The Economic Journal","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2006.01045.x/pdf","","2006","2015-07-16 09:35:32","2015-07-16 09:35:43","2015-07-16 09:35:32","1–20","","508","116","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2006/Mehlum et al_2006_(Institutions and the resource curse).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TVQBQI95","journalArticle","2010","Onour, Ibrahim A.; Sergi, Bruno S.","GCC stock markets: How risky are they?","International Journal of Monetary Economics and Finance","","","","http://www.inderscienceonline.com/doi/abs/10.1504/IJMEF.2010.035595","","2010","2015-12-02 19:53:03","2015-12-02 19:53:03","2015-12-02 19:53:03","330–337","","4","3","","","GCC stock markets","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Onour_Sergi_2010_(GCC stock markets).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TVWC9KH2","journalArticle","2004","Bearman, Peter S.; Moody, James; Stovel, Katherine","Chains of Affection: The Structure of Adolescent Romantic and Sexual Networks","American Journal of Sociology","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-09-04 18:31:47","","44–91","","1","110","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TW2AZBQN","journalArticle","1999","McNamara, Kathleen R.","Consensus and Constraint: Ideas and Capital Mobility in European Monetary Integration","JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1468-5965.00173/abstract","The critical foundation for European monetary integration is the neoliberal economic policy convergence that occurred across the majority of the European governments beginning in the mid-1970s and solidifying in the 1980s. While capital mobility determines the conditions under which international monetary agreements can be sustained, political leaders' policy ideas or shared normative and causal beliefs about monetary policy are necessary to explain whether states choose to meet those conditions. These ideational factors are critical in part because of the high degree of uncertainty over the distributional effects of exchange rate and monetary co-operation, ambiguity which mutes both mass political debate and sectoral interest-group activity. A template of ideational change is thus proposed to explain the path of European monetary integration.","1999","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2013-02-05","455–476","","3","37","","","Consensus and Constraint","","","","","","","en","Blackwell Publishers Ltd 1999","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TWGPSJND","journalArticle","2014","Polk, Andreas; Schmutzler, Armin; Müller, Adrian","Lobbying and the power of multinational firms","European Journal of Political Economy","","0176-2680","10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2014.07.010","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0176268014000743","Can multinational firms exert more power than national firms by influencing politics through lobbying? To answer this question, we analyze the extent of national environmental regulation when policy is determined in a lobbying game between a government and a firm. We compare the resulting equilibrium regulation levels, outputs and welfare in a game with a multinational firm with those in an otherwise identical game with a national firm. For low transportation costs, output and pollution of a national firm are always as least as high as for a multinational; this changes for high transportation costs and intermediate damage parameters. When there is no lobbying, welfare levels are always higher with multinationals than with national firms. However, the existence of lobbying may reverse this ordering.","2014-12","2015-01-15 20:32:02","2015-01-15 20:32:02","2015-01-15 20:32:02","209-227","","","36","","European Journal of Political Economy","","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Polk et al_2014_(Lobbying and the power of multinational firms).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TWH4GB2Q","journalArticle","2001","Zakaria, F.","The politics of rage: Why do they hate us?","Newsweek. October","","","","http://xa.yimg.com/kq/groups/12447013/417620819/name/whydotheyhateus.pdf","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2012-08-30","","","","","","","The politics of rage","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TWHSAF7D","journalArticle","1993","Goodman, John B.; Pauly, Louis W.","The obsolescence of capital controls?: economic management in an age of global markets","World Politics","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0043887100019833","","1993","2014-11-05 13:01:57","2014-11-05 13:01:57","2014-11-05 13:01:57","50–82","","01","46","","","The obsolescence of capital controls?","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1993/Goodman_Pauly_1993_(The obsolescence of capital controls).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TWMX8SX9","journalArticle","2013","Cigerli, Burcu","Effects of North American Shale Gas on the World Natural Gas Market","The James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy, Rice University, Policy Report","","","","","","2013","2015-05-29 09:52:59","2015-05-29 09:58:55","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Cigerli_2013_(Effects of North American Shale Gas on the World Natural Gas Market).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TX45D66B","journalArticle","2011","Trager, R. F.","Multidimensional Diplomacy","International Organization","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","","469–506","","03","65","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TXKNDCKR","journalArticle","2011","Thelwall, Mike; Buckley, Kevan; Paltoglou, Georgios","Sentiment in Twitter events","Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","","406–418","","2","62","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "TZVEKGZR","book","2000","Gintis, Herbert.","Game theory evolving : a problem-centered introduction to modeling strategic behavior","","0691009422","","","","","2000","2012-05-19 13:53:41","2014-09-04 20:23:16","","","","","","","","Game theory evolving","","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton, NJ","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Economics; Game theory.; Mathematical.","Economics, Mathematical.; Game theory.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U23VD7EQ","journalArticle","2015","Pepinsky, Thomas B.","Trade Competition and American Decolonization","World Politics","","1086-3338","10.1017/S004388711500012X","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S004388711500012X","This article proposes a political economy approach to decolonization. Focusing on the industrial organization of agriculture, it argues that competition between colonial and metropolitan producers creates demands for decolonization from within the metropole when colonies have broad export profiles and when export industries are controlled by colonial, as opposed to metropolitan, interests. The author applies this framework to the United States in the early 1900s, showing that different structures of the colonial sugar industries in the Philippines, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico–diverse exports with dispersed local ownership versus monocrop economies dominated by large US firms–explain why protectionist continental-agriculture interests agitated so effectively for independence for the Philippines, but not for Hawaii or Puerto Rico. A comparative historical analysis of the three colonial economies and the Philippine independence debates complemented by a statistical analysis of roll call votes in the Hare-Hawes-Cutting Act supports the argument. In providing a new perspective on economic relations in the late-colonial era, the argument highlights issues of trade and empire in US history that span the subfields of American political development, comparative politics, and international political economy.","2015-07","2015-06-26 11:51:41","2015-06-26 11:51:41","2015-06-26 11:51:41","387–422","","03","67","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Pepinsky_2015_(Trade Competition and American Decolonization).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U27G3SSX","journalArticle","2009","Wade, Robert","Beware what you wish for: Lessons for international political economy from the transformation of economics","Review of International Political Economy","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09692290802524141","ABSTRACT To the extent that ?normal science? in international political economy (IPE) has come to be rooted in the liberal paradigm, in statistical techniques, and in mathematical models, it has come to resemble neoclassical economics. The history of economics from interwar pluralism to postwar neoclassicism should sound warning bells about IPE following this path. Neoclassical economics has built-in biases in favor of self-adjusting systems and American hegemony; and biases against attention to inequalities of income and power, and against states' retaining power to shape internal arrangements within frontier controls. The transformation of economics also raises pertinent questions about IPE's shaping by its ?patrons?, in the form of university administrators, government officials, business groups, and foundations.","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","","106–121","","1","16","","","Beware what you wish for","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U2CKH7TI","book","2004","","Advances in behavioral economics","","9781400829118 1400829119","","","http://www.georgetown.eblib.com/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=483502","","2004","2015-04-18 00:34:27","2015-04-18 00:34:31","2015-04-18 00:34:27","","1","","","","","","The roundtable series in behavioral economics","","","","Russell Sage Foundation ; Princeton University Press","New York : Princeton, N.J","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HB74.P8 A375 2004eb","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2004/Camerer et al_2004_(Advances in behavioral economics).pdf","","","","Camerer, Colin; Loewenstein, George; Rabin, Matthew","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U2E64GJ7","journalArticle","1976","van Binsbergen, Wim","Religious innovation and political conflict in Zambia: a contribution to the interpretation of the Lumpa rising","African Perspectives","","","","","","1976","2013-01-02 17:45:20","2014-09-04 20:27:08","","101-135","","2","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U2RIXSUF","journalArticle","2011","Wilson, Rick K.","The Contribution of Behavioral Economics to Political Science","Annual Review of Political Science","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-polisci-041309-114513","Behavioral economics has become an important part of the economics profession. As a subfield, it tries to make sense of persistent violations of the standard model for economics. The major classes of violations involve social preferences (taking the well-being of others into account), time discounting (inconsistencies in valuing present and future commodities), and context (the effects of framing). Other violations involve well-known psychological heuristics such as overconfidence, constraints on strategic reasoning, emotions, and status differentials. These concepts are discussed in separate sections, and key experimental and empirical studies are Note_null_nulld.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2012-11-07","201–223","","1","14","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","behavioral anomalies; experimental economics; prospect theory; social preferences; time discounting","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U3DTCJ6T","book","2011","Schmitt, Eric; Shanker, Thom","Counterstrike: the untold story of America's secret campaign against al Qaeda","","9780805091038","","","","","2011","2012-08-30 18:00:29","2014-09-04 20:26:20","","","324","","","","","Counterstrike","","","","","Times Books","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HV6432.5.Q2 S34 2011","","","","","21st century; 2001-2009; Military policy; Prevention; Terrorism; United States; War on Terrorism","21st century; Military policy; Prevention; Terrorism; United States; War on Terrorism, 2001-2009","","","","Shanker, Thom","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","1st ed","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U3NQQ88E","journalArticle","2008","Stevens, Paul","National oil companies and international oil companies in the Middle East: Under the shadow of government and the resource nationalism cycle","The Journal of World Energy Law & Business","","","","http://jwelb.oxfordjournals.org/content/1/1/5.short","","2008","2014-09-24 22:26:39","2014-11-22 22:14:51","2014-09-24 22:26:39","5–30","","1","1","","","National oil companies and international oil companies in the Middle East","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Stevens_2008_(National oil companies and international oil companies in the Middle East).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U459H7RM","journalArticle","2004","Huddy, L.","Contrasting theoretical approaches to intergroup relations","Political Psychology","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","","947–967","","6","25","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U478UBPN","conferencePaper","2011","Criekemans, David","The geopolitics of renewable energy: different or similar to the geopolitics of conventional energy?","Panel: Geopolitics, Power Transitions, and Energy","","","","","In this paper, the `Geopolitics of Renewable Energy' is compared to the `Geopolitics of Conventional Energy'. The international energy regime is pivotal to understanding the geopolitical relations between countries and regions in the world. As the world is taking its initial steps into a Green Energy-economy, one may ask to what extent the `Geopolitics of Renewable Energy' will be different or similar to the `Geopolitics of Conventional Energy'? Exploring and developing conventional energy (oil, natural gas, coal) demands for huge capital investments and a military machine to control. Today, in an age of increasing scarcity, producer, transit and consumer countries are positioning themselves geopolitically so as to safeguard their energy security. The `Geopolitics of Renewable Energy' could potentially be different; developing it will demand much capital, but there is the potential that energy will be much more decentralized, which could have a positive impact upon geopolitical relations in the world. However, one might also argue for the reverse position based upon some observations of the impact of renewable energy. Some even apply Classical Geopolitics to renewable energy; “those who will control the new energy regime, will control the future”. In addition, what internal geopolitical consequences could renewable energy generate?","2011","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","","1–52","","","","","","","","","","","","Montreal","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U49GDPQG","journalArticle","2002","Hemmer, Christopher; Katzenstein, Peter J.","Why is There No NATO in Asia? Collective Identity, Regionalism, and the Origins of Multilateralism","International Organization","","","","","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2014-09-04 18:31:53","","575–607","","3","56","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U49S8WG9","journalArticle","2007","O'Mahony, A.","Escaping the Ties That Bind: Exchange Rate Choice Under Central Bank Independence","Comparative Political Studies","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","","808–831","","7","40","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U49XZ9HM","journalArticle","2005","Slantchev, B. L","The political economy of simultaneous transitions: An empirical test of two models","Political Research Quarterly","","","","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","","279–294","","2","58","","","The political economy of simultaneous transitions","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U4EGZS9I","book","1961","Nagel, Ernest","The Structure of Science: Problems in the logic of scientific explanation","","","","","","","1961","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:25:28","","","","","","","","","","","","","Harcourt, Brace & World","New York","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U5IIK63E","journalArticle","2000","Clark, William Roberts; Hallerberg, Mark","Mobile Capital, Domestic Institutions, and Electorally Induced Monetary and Fiscal Policy","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2586015","The literature on global integration and national policy autonomy often ignores a central result from open economy macroeconomics: Capital mobility constrains monetary policy when the exchange rate is fixed and fiscal policy when the exchange rate is flexible. Similarly, examinations of the electoral determinants of monetary and fiscal policy typically ignore international pressures altogether. We develop a formal model to analyze the interaction between fiscal and monetary policymakers under various exchange rate regimes and the degrees of central bank independence. We test the model using data from OECD countries. We find evidence that preelectoral monetary expansions occur only when the exchange rate is flexible and central bank independence is low; preelectoral fiscal expansions occur when the exchange rate is fixed. We then explore the implications of our model for arguments that emphasize the partisan sources of macroeconomic policy and for the conduct of fiscal policy after economic and monetary union in Europe.","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2014-09-04 18:31:41","","323–346","","2","94","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2000 American Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U5K8TGX8","journalArticle","2014","Conti, Gabriella; Frühwirth-Schnatter, Sylvia; Heckman, James J.; Piatek, Rémi","Bayesian exploratory factor analysis","Journal of Econometrics","","03044076","10.1016/j.jeconom.2014.06.008","http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0304407614001493","","2014-06","2014-10-15 22:19:08","2014-10-15 22:19:08","2014-10-15 22:19:08","","","","","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Conti et al_2014_(Bayesian exploratory factor analysis).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U5NDE5AU","journalArticle","1994","Scharpf, Fritz W.","Games Real Actors Could Play Positive and Negative Coordination in Embedded Negotiations","Journal of Theoretical Politics","","0951-6298, 1460-3667","10.1177/0951692894006001002","http://jtp.sagepub.com/content/6/1/27","There is more coordination in the modern world than is plausibly explained by the classical mechanisms of community, market, hierarchy and their commonly discussed variants. This paper explores modalities of non-market coordination whose application is not constrained by the narrow motivational and cognitive limitations of pure forms of hierarchical and negotiated coordination. The focus is on two varieties of negotiated self-coordination under conditions where actual negotiations are embedded in a pre-existing structural context - either within hierarchical organizations or within self-organizing networks of cooperative relationships. Extrapolating from empirical findings in a variety of settings, it is argued that embeddedness will, at the same time, increase the scope of welfare maximizing `positive coordination' and create conditions under which externalities are inhibited through `negative coordination'. In combination, these mechanisms are able to explain much of the de facto coordination that seems to exist beyond the confines of efficient markets and hierarchies.","1994-01-01","2015-04-09 18:55:06","2015-04-09 18:55:06","2015-04-09 18:55:06","27-53","","1","6","","Journal of Theoretical Politics","","","","","","","","en","","","","","jtp.sagepub.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U5R5W5FN","journalArticle","2004","Lawrence, Neil D.","Gaussian process latent variable models for visualisation of high dimensional data","Advances in neural information processing systems","","","","http://books.google.com.proxy.library.georgetown.edu/books?hl=en&lr=&id=0F-9C7K8fQ8C&oi=fnd&pg=PA329&dq=latent+variable+models&ots=THEsjXRb34&sig=-aK1TZrztr0B-knZYkN7h7Uayj0","","2004","2014-09-29 02:21:14","2014-09-29 02:21:14","2014-09-29 02:21:14","329–336","","","16","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2004/Lawrence/Lawrence_2004_Gaussian process latent variable models for visualisation of high dimensional.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U6RMVNCD","book","1980","Yergin, Daniel","The Dependence dilemna: gasoline consumption and America's security","","876740476x","","","","","1980","2013-03-04 17:45:03","2014-09-04 20:27:35","","","","","","","","The Dependence dilemna","","","","","Center for International Affairs","Cambridge, Mass.","","","","","","search.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Automobiles – Fuel consumption; Energy; Energy consumption – United States; Energy policy – United States; Petroleum industry and trade – United States","Automobiles -- Fuel consumption; Energy consumption -- United States; Energy policy -- United States; Petroleum industry and trade -- United States","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U7DV5A75","journalArticle","2000","Brubaker, Rogers; Cooper, Frederick","Beyond ""Identity""","Theory and Society","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3108478","","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","","1–47","","1","29","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2000 Springer","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U7INEEU5","journalArticle","2010","Seabrooke, Leonard; Elias, Juanita","From multilateralism to microcosms in the world economy: the sociological turn in Australian international political economy scholarship","Australian Journal of International Affairs","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10357710903459719","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","","1–12","","1","64","","","From multilateralism to microcosms in the world economy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U88388FQ","journalArticle","2008","Starr, Harvey","Review: The Logic of Political Survival","The Journal of Politics","","","","http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0022381600006770","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2012-10-23","","","02","67","","","The Logic of Political Survival The Logic of Political SurvivalBy Bruce Bueno de Mesquita, Alastair Smith, Randolph M. Siverson, and James D. Morrow. (Cambridge, MA","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U8F3U5R4","journalArticle","2004","Cimbalo, J. L.","Saving NATO from Europe","Foreign Affairs","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2014-09-04 18:31:53","","111–120","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U8JHBDAW","journalArticle","2012","McCourt, David M.","What’s at Stake in the Historical Turn? Theory, Practice and Phronēsis in International Relations","Millennium - Journal of International Studies","","0305-8298, 1477-9021","","http://mil.sagepub.com/content/41/1/23","Taking issue with Hobson and Lawson’s rejection of the historical turn, this article argues that what is at stake in the turn is the type of knowledge of politics International Relations scholars should produce, and the relationship between theory and practice. The relevant issues are not, then, exhausted by answering the question ‘What is history in International Relations?’; instead, the turn forms part of a wider movement in the social sciences away from neo-positivism and its deficient vision of history. The article follows one line of thought on non-neo-positivist International Relations and its relationship to history that seeks to emphasise the centrality of historical knowledge to political praxis understood as practical wisdom or phronēsis. However, while a turn is thus to be welcomed, because the impact of International Relations knowledge lies ultimately in the relationship between the academy and politics, the stakes of the historical turn lie beyond International Relations, adequately historical or not.","2012","2013-01-31 04:45:59","2013-02-25 18:39:39","2013-01-31 04:45:59","23-42","","1","41","","Millennium - Journal of International Studies","What’s at Stake in the Historical Turn?","","","","","","","en","","","","","mil.sagepub.com","","","","","","Practice/ANT","knowledge; phronēsis","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U8JSNFTG","journalArticle","1989","Biersteker, Thomas J.","Critical Reflections on Post-Positivism in International Relations","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2600459","Yosef Lapid clarifies the nature of recent critical reflection on international theory and contributes to opening the discourse on the subject. However, he understates the diversity, the historicism, and the critical nature of post-positivist inquiry and exaggerates the extent to which pluralism, perspectivism and relativism have taken root in international relations. He is also insufficiently critical of post-positivism and does not say enough about the problem of criteria for evaluating alternative explanations. His article is essentially a preface to a larger project, one yet to be undertaken, a project which will need more concrete, self-reflexive, nuanced research that takes post-positivist criticisms seriously and constructs plausible alternative explanations of important subjects.","1989","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","","263–267","","3","33","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1989 The International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U8K9TBGD","journalArticle","2009","Keohane, Robert O.; Macedo, Stephen; Moravcsik, Andrew","Democracy-enhancing multilateralism","International Organization","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2014-09-04 18:31:49","","1–31","","","63","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U8MCWJ2S","journalArticle","1989","George, Jim","International Relations and the Search for Thinking Space: Another View of the Third Debate","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2600460","Recent debates in International Relations have seen some of the characteristic dichotomies of the discipline under severe and sophisticated challenge. The proposition, for example, that the study of International Relations, is somehow ""independent"" of mainstream debates on theory and practice in the social sciences is now widely rejected. The disciplines change in attitude on this issue owes much, in the 1980s, to the influences of an as yet small group of scholars who have infused the ""third debate"" in International Relations with an appreciation for previously ""alien"" approaches to knowledge and society, drawn from interdisciplinary sources, which repudiate (meta) theoretical dualism in all its forms. Utilizing the sponge term ""postpositivism"" Yosef Lapid has concentrated on an important aspect of the ""third debate,"" one which has seen positivist based perspectives repudiated in favor of critical perspectives derived, primarily, from debates on the philosophy of science. This paper takes a broader view of the ""third debate"" in focusing on some of the broader patterns of dissent in social theory that are now evident in its literature. It argues that for all the differences associated with the new critical social theory approaches, theirs is critique with common purpose. Its purpose: to help us understand more about contemporary global life by opening up for questioning dimensions of inquiry which have been previously closed off and supressed; by listening closely to voices previously unheard; by examining ""realities"" excluded from consideration under a traditional (realist) regime of unity and singularity. Its purpose, reiterated: the search for ""thinking space"" within an International Relations discipline produced by and articulated through Western modernist discourse.","1989","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2014-09-04 18:31:59","","269–279","","3","33","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1989 The International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U8SQIJ7P","journalArticle","2014","Apeldoorn, Bastiaan van; Graaff, Naná de","Corporate elite networks and US post-Cold War grand strategy from Clinton to Obama","European Journal of International Relations","","1354-0661, 1460-3713","10.1177/1354066111433895","http://ejt.sagepub.com/content/20/1/29","This article seeks to explain both the continuity and the changes in US grand strategy since the end of the Cold War by adopting a critical political economy approach that focuses on the social origins of grand strategy-making. Systematically seeking to link agency and structure, we analyse how grand strategy-makers operate within given social contexts, which we define in terms of, on the one hand, elite networks within which these actors are embedded, and, on the other hand, the international structural context in which the US is positioned. After reviewing the grand strategies as pursued by the Clinton, Bush and Obama administrations, and relating them to the structural context in which they evolved, we proceed by offering a Social Network Analysis in which we compare the networks of key officials of the three administrations in terms of: (1) their corporate affiliations, and (2) their affiliations to so-called policy-planning institutions. On this basis we argue that the continuities of post-Cold War US grand strategy — which we interpret as reproducing America’s long-standing ‘Open Door’ imperialism — can be explained in terms of the continuing dominance of the most transnationally oriented sections of US capital. Second, we show that, this continuity notwithstanding, there is significant variation in terms of the means by which this grand strategy is reproduced, and argue that we must explain these variations not only in terms of the continuously changing global context, but also as related to some significant differences in affiliation with the policy-planning network.","2014-03-01","2014-04-17 18:51:29","2014-04-17 18:51:29","2014-04-17 18:51:29","29-55","","1","20","","European Journal of International Relations","","","","","","","","en","","","","","ejt.sagepub.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U8U8UZAS","journalArticle","2006","Ladewig, Jeffrey W.","Domestic Influences on International Trade Policy: Factor Mobility in the United States, 1963 to 1992","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3877868","The constituent influences on congressional voting patterns for trade policy have long been an important field of study. A central theoretical component (explicitly or implicitly) of all these studies is the level of factor mobility that defines which constituent coalitions will form and how they will be affected. Yet the recent literature offers contradictory evidence on the current level of factor mobility. Using an original data set of economic demographics of House districts and the roll call votes of U.S. House members on trade policies from 1963 to 1992,1 argue that factor mobility was relatively low in the 1960s and 1970s but was rising. The relative level of factor mobility, then, reached a pivot point in the late 1970s and was sub-sequently relatively high in the 1980s and 1990s. I check the robustness of these results on the expected strength of the political parties in supplying these policies and the effects of divided government.","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2012-05-06","69–103","","1","60","","","Domestic Influences on International Trade Policy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U8UR7K5P","conferencePaper","2004","Krynski, Tevye R.; Tenenbaum, Joshua B.","Causal structure in conditional reasoning","Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society","","","","http://www.cogsci.northwestern.edu/cogsci2004/papers/paper545.pdf","","2004","2015-04-18 00:39:26","2015-04-18 00:39:26","2015-04-18 00:39:26","744–749","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2004/Krynski_Tenenbaum_2004_(Causal structure in conditional reasoning).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U8WQPQ7R","journalArticle","1995","Western, Bruce","Concepts and Suggestions for Robust Regression Analysis","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2111654","Robust methods for regression yield parameter estimates that are insensitive to small departures in the data from the assumed model. A review of some basic ideas of robust estimation focuses on a class of techniques called M-estimators that discount the impact of outlying observations. These ideas are extended to three practically important areas: (1) some simple methods for inference for robust estimators are described; (2) a more general class of robust estimators for generalized linear models is then introduced; (3) the high breakdown least median of squares method is presented. Applications from comparative and American politics illustrate ideas in these areas.","1995","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","","786–817","","3","39","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1995 Midwest Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U9A3IB2D","journalArticle","2000","Ansolabehere, Stephen; Snyder Jr, James M.; Stewart III, Charles","Old voters, new voters, and the personal vote: Using redistricting to measure the incumbency advantage","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2669290","","2000","2015-05-06 16:14:43","2015-05-06 16:14:43","2015-05-06 16:14:43","17–34","","","","","","Old voters, new voters, and the personal vote","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2000/Ansolabehere et al_2000_(Old voters, new voters, and the personal vote).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U9G7MI8E","journalArticle","1996","Haggard, Stephan; Maxfield, Sylvia","The Political Economy of Financial Internationalization in the Developing World","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2706998","In the last decade a growing number of developing countries have opened their financial systems by liberalizing capital flows and the rules governing the international operations of financial intermediaries. One explanation of this rush toward greater financial internationalization is that increasing interdependence generates domestic and foreign political pressures for capital account liberalization. While we find evidence for that hypothesis, we find that the proximate cause in developing countries more frequently is found in balance of payments crises. Politicians perceive that financial openness in the face of crisis can increase capital inflows by indicating to foreign investors that they will be able to liquidate their investments and by signaling government intentions to maintain fiscal and monetary discipline. The argument is explored through case studies of Chile, Indonesia, Mexico, and South Korea.","1996","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-09-04 18:31:47","","35–68","","1","50","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1996 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "U9S3NR5U","journalArticle","1992","Faucher, Philippe; Fitzgibbons, Kevin","The Political Economy of Electrical Power Generation","Policy Studies Journal","","1541-0072","10.1111/j.1541-0072.1992.tb00183.x","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1541-0072.1992.tb00183.x/abstract","This article examines the procurement practices of Canada s three largest electric power utilities, Ontario Hydro, Hydro Quebec, and B.C. Hydro in terms of their impact on the technological development of the electrical power equipment industry in Canada. The theoretical underpinnings of this analysis are that under certain economic, technical and institutional conditions, procurement as managed by large publicly owned corporations with a high level of technical capacity can be a powerful instrument of industrial innovation. The paper describes how in the face of weakening market power following the twenty-year expansion phase in the industry (1960–80) and global restructuring among electrical power equipment suppliers, the three utilities have been forced to reassess conflicting commercial and technological objectives. The authors point to Hydro Quebec's signing of a recent series of strategic production agreements with key suppliers as an example of a new approach lo procurement through concentrated use of limited market power in critical product areas. The paper concludes that the distribution of risks involved in technology development between buyers and sellers is dependent on market structures. Secondly, the nature of these client-supplier interactions in management of risk will reflect the internal coherence of an organization's commercial and technological strategies.","1992","2012-09-20 04:38:12","2014-09-04 20:22:50","2012-09-20 04:38:12","552–573","","4","20","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UAENKNPM","book","1994","Green, Donald P.; Shapiro, Ian.","Pathologies of rational choice theory : a critique of applications in political science","","","","","","","1994","2012-05-09 15:20:57","2014-09-04 20:23:22","","","","","","","","Pathologies of rational choice theory","","","","","Yale University Press","New Haven","","","","","","search8.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Political science – Methodology.; Rational choice theory.","Political science -- Methodology.; Rational choice theory.","","","","Shapiro, Ian.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UASZE64M","journalArticle","1996","Krause, Keith; Williams, Michael C.","Broadening the Agenda of Security Studies: Politics and Methods","Mershon International Studies Review","","","","","","1996","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","","229","","2","40","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UB9XZ85M","book","2002","Katznelson, Ira; Milner, Helen V.","Political science: the state of the discipline","","0393051420","","","","","2002","2013-01-08 01:32:48","2014-09-04 20:27:40","","","994","","","","","Political science","","","","","Norton ; American Political Science Association","New York : Washington, D.C","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JC11 .P65 2002","","","","","Political; science","Political science","","","","Katznelson, Ira; Milner, Helen V.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UBB7WU54","journalArticle","2015","Farrell, Henry; Newman, Abraham","The New Politics of Interdependence Cross-National Layering in Trans-Atlantic Regulatory Disputes","Comparative Political Studies","","0010-4140, 1552-3829","10.1177/0010414014542330","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/48/4/497","How are regulatory disputes between the major powers resolved? Existing literature generally characterizes such regulatory disagreements as system clash, in which national systems of regulation come into conflict, so that one sets the global standard, and the other adjusts or is marginalized. In this article, we offer an alternative account, which bridges early literature on interdependence with work from Historical Institutionalism in comparative politics. We argue that rule overlap creates opportunities for regulatory actors to develop transnational alliances in support of an alternative institutional agenda. Over time, the resulting “cross-national layers” have the potential to transform domestic institutions and in turn global rules. International regulatory disputes are less discrete international conflicts between sovereign jurisdictions than ongoing battles among regulatory actors within jurisdictions (and alliances across them). We examine two critical issue areas—surveillance information sharing and accounting standards—which allow us to contrast our argument against standard accounts emphasizing veto points and switching costs, respectively.","2015-03-01","2015-02-03 15:23:24","2015-02-03 15:23:24","2015-02-03 15:23:24","497-526","","4","48","","Comparative Political Studies","","","","","","","","en","","","","","cps.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Farrell_Newman_2015_(The New Politics of Interdependence Cross-National Layering in Trans-Atlantic).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UBCCTFFP","journalArticle","2014","Davis, Christina; Fuchs, Andreas; Johnson, Kristina","State Control and the Effects of Foreign Relations on Bilateral Trade","University of Heidelberg Working Paper","","","","https://ideas.repec.org/p/awi/wpaper/0576.html","Do states use trade to reward and punish partners? WTO rules and the pressures of globalization restrict states’ capacity to manipulate trade policies, but we argue that governments can link political goals with economic outcomes using less direct avenues of influence over firm behavior. Where governments intervene in markets, politicization of trade is likely to occur. In this paper, we examine one important form of government control: state ownership of firms. Taking China and India as examples, we use bilateral trade data by firm ownership type, as well as measures of bilateral political relations based on diplomatic events and UN voting to estimate the effect of political relations on import and export flows. Our results support the hypothesis that imports controlled by state-owned enterprises (SOEs) exhibit stronger responsiveness to political relations than imports controlled by private enterprises. A more nuanced picture emerges for exports; while India’s exports through SOEs are more responsive to political tensions than its flows through private entities, the opposite is true for China. This research holds broader implications for how we should think about the relationship between political and economic relations going forward, especially as a number of countries with partially state-controlled economies gain strength in the global economy.","2014","2014-12-02 21:30:18","2014-12-02 21:32:26","2014-12-02 21:30:18","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","RePEc - IDEAS","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Davis et al_2014_(State Control and the Effects of Foreign Relations on Bilateral Trade).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UBSR5582","journalArticle","2014","Mukerji, Chandra","The cultural power of tacit knowledge: Inarticulacy and Bourdieu’s habitus","American Journal of Cultural Sociology","","2049-7113","10.1057/ajcs.2014.8","http://www.palgrave-journals.com/ajcs/journal/v2/n3/full/ajcs20148a.html","Tacit knowledge, or knowledge that is inarticulate or unarticulated, lies at the heart of all cultural life, and is exercised in dull and repetitive activities that constitute the heart of daily existence. It seems without much character or importance, but this is precisely why tacit knowledge can be the unruly trickster in culture. Inarticulate actions based on tacit understandings of cultural possibilities can bypass discursive reality, trouble cultural categories and elaborate cultural imaginaries that are not captured in words. It is knowledge that is never quite enough, always addressing emergent problems that are not finally solved but worked around. We know from the social construction of reality that social actions are not set in stone and can be transformative, but we also know that thought can be constrained within regimes of discursive common sense. Inarticulate repetitive actions that on the surface seem mindless can actually facilitate shifts in culture by following their own material logics and imaginaries beyond discursive common sense, becoming what Deleuze calls repetitions that make a difference. Improvisatory social activity can provide escape routes from discursive regimes and make possible new social constructions of reality. The routine breakdowns and absurdities of mute, everyday cultural practices, demonstrating the limits of common sense, can encourage people to improvise new actions that break with recognized discourse (like the Occupy movement or Arab Spring). Participants respond to political ideas that feel wrong or dishonest by exploring practices of participation that feel right.","2014-10","2015-02-19 00:05:56","2015-02-19 00:05:56","2015-02-19 00:05:56","348-375","","3","2","","AJCS","The cultural power of tacit knowledge","","","","","","","en","","","","","www.palgrave-journals.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UBSU4H65","journalArticle","1993","Ripley, B.","Psychology, foreign policy, and international relations theory","Political Psychology","","","","","","1993","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","","403–416","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UC3WJTKV","journalArticle","2013","Best, Jacqueline; Walters, William","“Actor-Network Theory” and International Relationality: Lost (and Found) in Translation","International Political Sociology","","1749-5687","10.1111/ips.12026_1","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ips.12026_1/abstract","","2013","2013-09-16 09:18:47","2013-09-16 09:18:47","2013-09-16 09:18:47","332–334","","3","7","","","“Actor-Network Theory” and International Relationality","","","","","","","en","© 2013 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","Practice/ANT","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UCXBNC8W","journalArticle","1998","Cho, Myeong-Hyeon","Ownership structure, investment, and the corporate value: An empirical analysis","Journal of Financial Economics","","0304-405X","10.1016/S0304-405X(97)00039-1","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304405X97000391","This paper examines the relation among ownership structure, investment, and corporate value, focusing on whether ownership structure affects investment. Ordinary least squares regression results suggest that ownership structure affects investment and, therefore, corporate value. However, simultaneous regression results indicate that the endogeneity of ownership may affect these inferences, suggesting that investment affects corporate value which, in turn, affects ownership structure. The evidence shows that corporate value affects ownership structure, but not vice versa. These findings raise questions regarding the assumption that ownership structure is exogenously determined, and bring into question the results in studies that treat ownership structure as exogenous.","1998-01","2014-09-19 16:13:41","2014-09-19 16:13:41","2014-09-19 16:13:41","103-121","","1","47","","Journal of Financial Economics","Ownership structure, investment, and the corporate value","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1998/Cho_1998_(Ownership structure, investment, and the corporate value).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UD2EKPCD","thesis","2014","Feigenberg, Benjamin","Essays in economic development and education","","","","","http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/90120","","2014","2014-09-29 02:16:54","2014-09-29 02:16:54","2014-09-29 02:16:54","","","","","","","","","","","","Massachusetts Institute of Technology","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Feigenberg_2014_(Essays in economic development and education).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UD4HEINJ","journalArticle","1998","Velychenko","Review: Ukrainian Nationalism in the 1990's","Slavic Review","","","","","","1998","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2012-04-30 05:50:06","","648-649","","3","57","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UD6WZRXQ","journalArticle","2015","Peters, Margaret E.","Open Trade, Closed Borders: Immigration in the Era of Globalization","World Politics","","","","","","2015","2015-02-28 15:19:11","2015-02-28 15:19:38","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Peters_2015_(Open Trade, Closed Borders).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UD98JDR7","journalArticle","1982","Aharoni, Yair; Lachman, Ran","Can the Manager's Mind Be Nationalized?","Organization Studies","","","","http://oss.sagepub.com.proxy.library.georgetown.edu/content/3/1/33.short","","1982","2014-11-13 23:31:52","2014-11-13 23:31:52","2014-11-13 23:31:52","33–46","","1","3","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UDBUQJ76","newspaperArticle","2014","Chazan, Guy","‘The Secret World of Oil’, by Ken Silverstein","Financial Times","","0307-1766","","http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/2/245fa82c-e0d2-11e3-875f-00144feabdc0.html#axzz3LnkpqZ5w","The Secret World of Oil, by Ken Silverstein, Verso, RRP£14.99/$25.95, 240 pages Oil is the world’s most important traded commodity. It powers our cars and drives our industry. And surging energy demand in developing countries from China to Brazil","2014-06-01","2014-12-13 17:54:59","2014-12-14 16:12:06","2014-12-13 17:54:59","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Financial Times","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UDC86P26","journalArticle","2008","Ferraz, C.; Finan, F.","Exposing Corrupt Politicians: The effects of Brazil's publicly released audits on electoral outcomes","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","","","http://qje.oxfordjournals.org/content/123/2/703.short","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2012-08-09","703–745","","2","123","","","Exposing Corrupt Politicians","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UDI8S6IK","journalArticle","2011","Bigo, D.","Pierre Bourdieu and International Relations: Power of Practices, Practices of Power","International Political Sociology","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2014-09-04 18:31:53","","225–258","","3","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UDSJDC33","journalArticle","2015","Bapat, Navin A.; Kwon, Bo Ram","When Are Sanctions Effective? A Bargaining and Enforcement Framework","International Organization","","1531-5088","10.1017/S0020818314000290","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0020818314000290","Although a considerable literature identifies the conditions under which sanctions are more likely to be successful, few studies examine the question of when sanctioning states or senders are willing to enforce their sanctions laws against their firms. Using a game theoretic model, we argue that imposing sanctions creates a strategic dilemma for senders. We demonstrate that senders often have disincentives to enforce their sanctions policies, given that the restriction on economic transactions with targeted states may undermine their firms' competitiveness. The model indicates that sanctions are more likely to succeed when the sender's firm retains a moderate share of the target's market relative to its foreign competitors. However, the model also demonstrates that sanctions are likely to be imposed only when the conditions do not favor their success. The empirical implications of the model are tested using the Threat and Imposition of Economic Sanctions (TIES) data set.","2015-12","2015-01-15 20:31:00","2015-01-15 20:31:00","2015-01-15 20:31:00","131–162","","01","69","","","When Are Sanctions Effective?","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Bapat_Kwon_2015_(When Are Sanctions Effective).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UDZPM67W","journalArticle","2009","Alexeev, Michael; Conrad, Robert","The elusive curse of oil","The Review of Economics and Statistics","","","","http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/rest.91.3.586","","2009","2015-07-16 08:50:01","2015-07-16 08:50:01","2015-07-16 08:50:01","586–598","","3","91","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UEXAUPVC","journalArticle","2011","Anderson, James E.","The Gravity Model","Annual Review of Economics","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-economics-111809-125114","Gravity has long been one of the most successful empirical models in economics. Incorporating deeper theoretical foundations of gravity into recent practice has led to a richer and more accurate estimation and interpretation of the spatial relations described by gravity. Wider acceptance has followed. Recent developments are reviewed here, and suggestions are made for promising future research.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2012-09-06","133–160","","1","3","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","incidence; Migration; multilateral resistance; trade costs","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UEZIJWX2","book","2002","Busch, M. L.; Reinhardt, E.","Transatlantic trade conflicts and GATT/WTO dispute settlement","","","","","http://www.pf.uni-lj.si/media/wto.dispute1.pdf","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2012-11-07","","","","","","","","","","","","European University Institute","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UFVZV8FV","journalArticle","2008","Sattler, T.; Freeman, J. R.; Brandt, P. T.","Political accountability and the room to maneuver","Comparative Political Studies","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","","1212–1239","","9","41","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UG5F5KBM","journalArticle","2002","Goldstein, Kenneth","Getting in the Door: Sampling and Completing Elite Interviews","PS: Political Science and Politics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1554806","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","","669–672","","4","35","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2002 American Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UG9GFTT9","journalArticle","1994","Legro, Jeffrey W.","Military Culture and Inadvertent Escalation in World War II","International Security","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2539179","","1994","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2013-01-31","108–142","","4","18","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1994 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UGBF6VFI","manuscript","2008","Palonkorpi, Mikko","Energy Security and the Regional Security Complex Theory","","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-09-04 18:31:35","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UGIZMX32","journalArticle","2012","Canes-Wrone, Brandice; Park, Jee-Kwang","Electoral business cycles in OECD countries","American Political Science Review","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0003055411000529","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2013-05-13","103–122","","01","106","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UGJ3PAJ3","journalArticle","1987","Bentley, G. Carter","Ethnicity and Practice","Comparative Studies in Society and History","","","","","","1987","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","","24–55","","1","29","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UGM65UAF","journalArticle","2004","Busse, Matthias","Transnational corporations and repression of political rights and civil liberties: An empirical analysis","Kyklos","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0023-5962.2004.00242.x/abstract","","2004","2014-11-04 23:47:39","2014-11-04 23:47:39","2014-11-04 23:47:39","45–65","","1","57","","","Transnational corporations and repression of political rights and civil liberties","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UH273U55","journalArticle","2003","Kirchgässner, Gebhard; Schneider, Friedrich","On the political economy of environmental policy","Public Choice","","","","http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1024289627887","","2003","2015-01-13 19:26:31","2015-01-13 19:26:31","2015-01-13 19:26:31","369–396","","3-4","115","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2003/Kirchgassner_Schneider_2003_(On the political economy of environmental policy).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UH8MS836","journalArticle","2015","Oppenheim, Ben; Steele, Abbey; Vargas, Juan F.; Weintraub, Michael","True Believers, Deserters, and Traitors Who Leaves Insurgent Groups and Why","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","0022-0027, 1552-8766","10.1177/0022002715576750","http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/59/5/794","Anti-insurgent militias and states attempt to erode insurgent groups’ capacities and co-opt insurgent fighters by promising and providing benefits. They do so to create a perception that the insurgency is unraveling and to harness inside information to prosecute more effective counterinsurgency campaigns. Why do some insurgents defect to a paramilitary group and others exit the war by demobilizing, while still others remain loyal to their group? This article presents the first empirical analysis of these questions, connecting insurgents’ motivations for joining, wartime experiences, and organizational behavior with decisions to defect. A survey of ex-combatants in Colombia shows that individuals who joined for ideological reasons are less likely to defect overall but more likely to side-switch or demobilize when their group deviates from its ideological precepts. Among fighters who joined for economic reasons, political indoctrination works to decrease their chances of demobilization and defection to paramilitaries, while opportunities for looting decrease economically motivated combatants’ odds of defection.","2015-08-01","2015-07-17 10:00:58","2015-07-17 10:00:58","2015-07-17 10:00:58","794-823","","5","59","","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","","","","","en","","","","","jcr.sagepub.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UHZZEPMI","journalArticle","1991","Immanuel, K.","Perpetual peace: A philosophical sketch","Kant: Political writings","","","","","","1991","2012-05-05 11:58:45","2014-09-04 20:24:10","","93–130","","","","","","Perpetual peace","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UI8C8QX6","journalArticle","2007","Ravenhill, John","In search of the missing middle","Review of International Political Economy","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09692290701751258","ABSTRACT In a recent article in RIPE, Benjamin J. Cohen suggests that a deep divide exists between two schools of IPE: the American and the British. While, at a certain level of generality, obvious differences do exist between how international relations generally, and IPE more specifically, are studied in the US and the UK, various dimensions of Cohen's argument are problematic, and may inadvertently hinder his professed desire to build bridges across the Atlantic. In particular, Cohen's approach is ambiguous as to exactly what the defining characteristics of the ?British? approach are, appears to conflate different traditions of theorizing, and presents a very narrow characterization of the field of IPE in the United States.","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","","18–29","","1","15","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UIVZRJHA","journalArticle","2009","Kurki, M.; Stavrianakis, A.; Klabbers, J.; Eschle, C.; Maiguashca, B.; Grovogui, S. N","Roundtable: The Limits of Bridge-Building","International Relations","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2014-09-04 18:31:40","","115–115","","1","23","","","Roundtable","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UJFWV729","journalArticle","1997","McFaul, Michael","A Precarious Peace: Domestic Politics in the Making of Russian Foreign Policy","International Security","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2539356","","1997","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2012-05-10","5–35","","3","22","","","A Precarious Peace","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UJHRDW6T","journalArticle","2012","Thelen, Kathleen","Varieties of Capitalism: Trajectories of Liberalization and the New Politics of Social Solidarity","Annual Review of Political Science","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-polisci-070110-122959","This essay reviews recent literature on varieties of capitalism, drawing on insights from existing studies to propose a new, more differentiated way of thinking about contemporary changes in the political economies of the rich democracies. The framework offered here breaks with the “continuum models” on which much of the traditional literature has been based, in which countries are arrayed along a single dimension according to their degree of “corporatism” or, more recently, of “coordination.” In so doing, it reveals combinations—continued high levels of equality with significant liberalization, and declining solidarity in the context of continued significant coordination—that existing theories rule out by definition. I argue that these puzzling combinations cannot be understood with reference to the usual dichotomous, structural variables on which the literature has long relied, but require instead greater attention to the coalitional foundations on which political-economic institutions rest. A coalitional approach reveals that institutions that in the past supported the more egalitarian varieties of capitalism survive best not when they stably reproduce the politics and patterns of the Golden Era but rather when they are reconfigured—in both form and function—on the basis of significantly new political support coalitions.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2012-11-23","137–159","","1","15","","","Varieties of Capitalism","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","advanced industrial countries; employer coordination; equality/inequality; political economy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UJIDUKBV","journalArticle","2015","Hughes, Llewelyn; Long, Austin","Is There an Oil Weapon?: Security Implications of Changes in the Structure of the International Oil Market","International Security","","0162-2889","10.1162/ISEC_a_00188","http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ISEC_a_00188","What is the relationship between oil and coercion? For decades states have worried that their dependence on oil gives producers a potential lever of coercion. The size, integration, and sophistication of the current oil market, however, are thought to have greatly attenuated, if not eliminated, the coercive potential of oil. The best way to analyze the current global oil market is by viewing it as a series of distinct market segments, from upstream production to midstream transport to downstream refining, with the potential for coercion varying across them. Oil-producing states do not have the greatest coercive potential in the international oil market. Instead, the United States remains the dominant presence, though its dominance has shifted from production—where it resided prior to World War II—to the maritime environment. These findings are significant for scholars’ and policymakers’ understanding of the relationship between oil and coercion. More generally, they suggest that studies of the potential for states to coerce others using economic instruments should take into account differences in the structure of markets for different goods.","2015-01-01","2015-06-30 11:42:51","2015-06-30 11:42:51","2015-06-30 11:42:51","152-189","","3","39","","International Security","Is There an Oil Weapon?","","","","","","","","","","","","MIT Press Journals","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Hughes_Long_2015_(Is There an Oil Weapon).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UJQEM67I","journalArticle","2010","Turnvsek, M.; Jankowski, N.","Social Media and Politics: Theoretical and Methodological Considerations in Designing a Study of Political Engagement","","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UJTBWTJN","journalArticle","2006","Elkins, Zachary; Guzman, Andrew T.; Simmons, Beth A.","Competing for capital: The diffusion of bilateral investment treaties, 1960-2000","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0020818306060279","","2006","2014-10-30 23:59:57","2014-10-31 17:35:01","2014-10-30 23:59:57","811–846","","04","60","","","Competing for capital","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2006/Elkins et al_2006_(Competing for capital).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UJZRN6JS","journalArticle","2012","Paltrinieri, Andrea","Stock Exchange Mergers in the Emerging Markets: A Case Study of the United Arab Emirates","Available at SSRN 2156090","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2156090","","2012","2015-12-02 19:53:17","2015-12-02 19:53:17","2015-12-02 19:53:17","","","","","","","Stock Exchange Mergers in the Emerging Markets","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Paltrinieri_2012_(Stock Exchange Mergers in the Emerging Markets).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UKI9QFNT","journalArticle","2009","Nicolini, Davide","Zooming In and Out: Studying Practices by Switching Theoretical Lenses and Trailing Connections","Organization Studies","","","","http://oss.sagepub.com/content/30/12/1391","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2012-11-09","1391–1418","","12","30","","","Zooming In and Out","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UKTE3H9T","journalArticle","2002","Henderson, Jeffrey; Dicken, Peter; Hess, Martin; Coe, Neil; Yeung, Henry Wai-Chung","Global production networks and the analysis of economic development","Review of International Political Economy","","0969-2290, 1466-4526","10.1080/09692290210150842","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09692290210150842","","2002-01","2013-04-10 23:57:13","2014-09-04 20:23:45","2013-04-10 23:57:13","436-464","","3","9","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","CrossRef","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UKUBFV7F","journalArticle","2011","Zeitzoff, T.","Using Social Media to Measure Conflict Dynamics: An Application to the 2008-2009 Gaza Conflict","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-09-04 18:31:47","","938–969","","6","55","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UM376T5M","conferencePaper","2011","Mahdavi, Paasha","State Ownership and the Resource Curse: A New Dataset on Nationalizations in the Oil Industry","APSA 2011 Annual Meeting Paper","","","","http://openscholar.sscnet.ucla.edu/sites/default/files/paasha-mahdavi/files/mahdavi_apsa.pdf","","2011","2013-10-09 20:46:15","2013-10-09 20:46:15","2013-10-09 20:46:15","","","","","","","State Ownership and the Resource Curse","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UME2GDGG","journalArticle","2012","Hall, Todd; Yarhi-Milo, Keren","The Personal Touch: Leaders’ Impressions, Costly Signaling, and Assessments of Sincerity in International Affairs1: Leader’s Impressions, Costly Signaling, and Assessments of Sincerity","International Studies Quarterly","","00208833","10.1111/j.1468-2478.2012.00731.x","http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2012.00731.x","","2012-09","2014-09-29 02:15:14","2014-09-29 02:15:14","2014-09-29 02:15:14","560-573","","3","56","","","The Personal Touch","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Hall_Yarhi-Milo_2012_(The Personal Touch).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UMHU27BN","journalArticle","2005","Kinsella, David","No Rest for the Democratic Peace","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/30038951","Proponents of the democratic peace are accustomed to criticism. Early refutations of the research program's findings focused on questions of measurement and statistical inference. Skepticism about such matters has not fully subsided, but many more now accept the democratic peace as an empirical regularity. The aim of recent complaints has shifted to democratic peace theory. The typical approach has been to highlight select historical events that appear anomalous in light of the theory and the causal mechanisms it identifies. Sebastian Rosato's (2003) is one such critique, Note_null_nullworthy for the range of causal propositions held up for scrutiny and the unequivocal rejection of them all. But Rosato fails to appreciate the dyadic logic central to democratic peace theory, and much of his criticism is therefore misdirected. Those cases that remain unexplained by the theory are not especially problematic for this progressively evolving research program.","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2013-01-09","453–457","","3","99","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2005 American Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UMR88U8Q","journalArticle","2003","Meyer, Niels I.","European schemes for promoting renewables in liberalised markets","Energy policy","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421502001519","","2003","2013-10-10 12:57:09","2013-10-10 12:57:09","2013-10-10 12:57:09","665–676","","7","31","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UN3BV5AT","bookSection","1998","Bishop, Christopher M.","Latent variable models","Learning in graphical models","","","","http://link.springer.com.proxy.library.georgetown.edu/chapter/10.1007/978-94-011-5014-9_13","","1998","2014-09-29 02:21:14","2014-09-29 02:21:14","2014-09-29 02:21:14","371–403","","","","","","","","","","","Springer","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1998/Bishop/Bishop_1998_Latent variable models.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UN4ZI4ZC","journalArticle","2001","Feenstra, Robert C.; Markusen, James R.; Rose, Andrew K.","Using the gravity equation to differentiate among alternative theories of trade","Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/0008-4085.00082/abstract","","2001","2013-10-10 12:55:47","2013-10-10 12:55:47","2013-10-10 12:55:47","430–447","","2","34","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Trade","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UN92F7RS","bookSection","2012","Victor, David G.; Hults, David R.; Thurber, Mark C.","Introduction and Overview","Oil and Governance: State-owned enterprises and the world energy supply","","","","http://books.google.ca/books?hl=en&lr=&id=pBuV5z_hnngC&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&dq=Oil+and+governance:+state-owned+enterprises+and+the+world+energy+supply&ots=I_gTiZv4wM&sig=HGYZv7fPFHPpdXOQOFeMUmYgivE","","2012","2014-11-09 13:08:56","2014-11-09 13:10:10","2013-10-09 21:09:46","3-32","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge, UK","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Victor et al_2012_(Introduction and Overview).pdf","","Energy","","Victor, David G.; Hults, David R.; Thurber, Mark C.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UNBRU3T9","journalArticle","2009","Snidal, Duncan; Wendt, Alexander","Why there is International Theory now","International Theory","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","","1","","01","1","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","delete; rename","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UNC6IUPH","journalArticle","2006","Kuziemko, Ilyana; Werker, Eric","How Much Is a Seat on the Security Council Worth? Foreign Aid and Bribery at the United Nations","Journal of Political Economy","","0022-3808","10.1086/507155","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/507155","Ten of the 15 seats on the U.N. Security Council are held by rotating members serving two‐year terms. We find that a country’s U.S. aid increases by 59 percent and its U.N. aid by 8 percent when it rotates onto the council. This effect increases during years in which key diplomatic events take place (when members’ votes should be especially valuable), and the timing of the effect closely tracks a country’s election to, and exit from, the council. Finally, the U.N. results appear to be driven by UNICEF, an organization over which the United States has historically exerted great control.","2006-10-01","2014-11-24 20:03:58","2014-11-24 20:03:58","2014-11-24 20:03:58","905-930","","5","114","","Journal of Political Economy","How Much Is a Seat on the Security Council Worth?","","","","","","","","Copyright © 2006 The University of Chicago Press","","","","JSTOR","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2006/Kuziemko_Werker_2006_(How Much Is a Seat on the Security Council Worth).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UNMG8IAA","journalArticle","2014","Sacerdote, Bruce","Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Analysis of Peer Effects: Two Steps Forward?","Annual Review of Economics","","","10.1146/annurev-economics-071813-104217","http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-071813-104217","In the past 10 years, there has been an explosion of well-identified studies that measure peer effects across many settings and for many outcomes. The emphasis on natural experiments and randomization is a highly useful one; in more standard observational studies, the self-selection of people into peer groups can make the measurement of peer effects extremely difficult. In the absence of exogenous variation, knowing that people have similar outcomes as their friends, classmates, and coworkers may tell us little about peer effects. I examine the successes, failures, and findings of experimental analyses of peer effects. I draw three broad conclusions. First, even more than in other areas of social science, the size and nature of peer effects estimated are highly context specific; peer effects in student test scores and grades are prominent in some cases and absent in others. That said, there is a pattern across studies suggesting that social outcomes (e.g., crime, drinking behavior) and career choices show larger peer influences than do test scores. Second, researchers have shown that the linear-in-means model of peer effects is often not a good description of the world, although we do not yet have an agreed-upon model to replace it. Third, despite potential temptation, we have not reached the point at which we can reliably use knowledge of peer effects to implement policies that improve outcomes for students and other human subjects.","2014","2015-04-12 17:33:00","2015-04-12 17:33:00","2015-04-12 17:33:00","253-272","","1","6","","","Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Analysis of Peer Effects","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Sacerdote_2014_(Experimental and Quasi-Experimental Analysis of Peer Effects).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UNSAQZFE","journalArticle","2014","Malmendier, Ulrike; te Velde, Vera L.; Weber, Roberto A.","Rethinking Reciprocity","Annual Review of Economics","","","10.1146/annurev-economics-080213-041312","http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-080213-041312","Reciprocal behavioral has been found to play a significant role in many economic domains, including labor supply, tax compliance, voting behavior, and fund-raising. What explains individuals’ tendency to respond to the kindness of others? Existing theories posit internal preferences for the welfare of others, inequality aversion, or utility from repaying others’ kindness. However, recent evidence on the determinants of (unilateral) sharing decisions suggests that external factors such as social pressure are equally important. So far, this second wave of social preference theories has had little spillover to two-sided reciprocity environments, in which one individual responds to the actions of another. We present a novel laboratory reciprocity experiment (the double-dictator game with sorting) and show that failure to account for external motives leads to a significant overestimation of internal motives such as fairness and altruism. The experimental data illustrate the importance of combining reduced-form and structural analyses to disentangle internal and external determinants of prosocial behavior.","2014","2014-09-08 20:19:37","2014-09-08 20:19:37","2014-09-08 20:19:37","849-874","","1","6","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UNSBDWIT","journalArticle","2011","Aharoni, Yair; Tihanyi, Laszlo; Connelly, Brian L.","Managerial decision-making in international business: A forty-five-year retrospective","Journal of World Business","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090951610000167","","2011","2014-11-22 17:54:32","2014-11-22 17:54:32","2014-11-22 17:54:32","135–142","","2","46","","","Managerial decision-making in international business","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Aharoni et al_2011_(Managerial decision-making in international business).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UNTW5MQ6","journalArticle","2000","Collier, Paul","Rebellion as a Quasi-Criminal Activity","The Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/174593","Economic models of rebellion usually treat it as a form of crime or banditry. However, the analogy is not developed. This article treats rebellion as a distinctive form of organized crime that differs from other crime in its objective, which is the predation of the rents on natural resource exports. Because such rents can be defended by government forces, rebel forces must be sufficiently large to defend themselves. This introduces a survival constraint that affects whether a rebellion is financially viable and how it reacts to increases in government forces and introduces an entry threshold. This threshold gives rise to a problem for the rebellion of attracting sufficient start-up finance. The predictions of the model are shown to be consistent with four stylized facts.","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2012-09-06","839–853","","6","44","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UP5BC797","journalArticle","2008","Gourevitch, Peter A.; Shinn, James","Political Power and Corporate Control: The New Global Politics of Corporate Governance","Society and Business Review","","","","http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/full/10.1108/sbr.2008.3.3.260.3","","2008","2014-12-11 17:05:22","2014-12-11 17:05:30","2014-12-11 17:05:22","260–261","","3","3","","","Political Power and Corporate Control","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UPADGFQG","journalArticle","2002","Adserà, Alícia; Boix, Carles","Trade, Democracy, and the Size of the Public Sector: The Political Underpinnings of Openness","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3078605","Politics remains prominently absent in the literature showing that higher levels of trade integration lead to a larger public sector. As openness increases, the state, acting as a social planner, adopts a salient role to minimize the risks of economic integration and secure social peace. Given the highly redistributive nature of both trade and fiscal policies, we claim, however, that the interaction of the international economy and domestic politics leads to three distinct political-economic equilibria. First, nations may embrace protectionist policies to shore up the welfare of key domestic sectors-without engaging, therefore, in substantial public spending. Second, to maintain trade openness in democracies, policymakers develop compensation policies to muster the support of the losers of openness. Finally, given the tax burden of public compensation, pro-free trade sectors may impose an authoritarian regime to exclude (instead of buying off) their opponents. After formally stating the conditions under which each regime emerges, we test the model on a panel data of around sixty-five developing and developed nations in the period 1950-1990 and explore its implications through a set of key historical cases drawn from the last two centuries.","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","","229–262","","2","56","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2002 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UPDJCWH9","manuscript","2009","Grimmer, Justin; King, Gary","Quantitative Discovery from Qualitative Information : A General-Purpose Document Clustering Methodology","","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UPF937D8","journalArticle","2015","Dean, Adam","The Gilded Wage: Profit-Sharing Institutions and the Political Economy of Trade","International Studies Quarterly","","1468-2478","10.1111/isqu.12200","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/isqu.12200/abstract","Scholars of international political economy often argue that workers automatically share the same trade policy preferences as their employers. However, this approach assumes that trade policies that increase profits necessarily lead to increases in wages. In contrast, I argue that capital and labor are more likely to share the same trade policy preference when “profit-sharing institutions” permit capital to credibly commit that an increase in profits will lead to an increase in wages. In support of my argument, I present a structured, focused comparison of the American textile and steel workers' unions during the late nineteenth century. Both unions supported the high tariffs that protected their industries when credible profit-sharing institutions were in place, but did not support high tariffs when such institutions were absent.","2015-06-01","2015-06-30 11:00:10","2015-06-30 11:00:10","2015-06-30 11:00:10","316-329","","2","59","","Int Stud Q","The Gilded Wage","","","","","","","en","© 2015 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Dean_2015_(The Gilded Wage).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UPQXHB7P","bookSection","1990","Ordeshook, Peter","The emerging discipline of political economy","Perspectives on positive political economy","","","","","","1990","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2015-01-14 20:33:16","","9–30","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Alt, James; Shepsle, Kenneth A.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UPW7AFWK","book","2008","Eichengreen, Barry J.","Globalizing capital: a history of the international monetary system","","9780691139371","","","","","2008","2013-01-08 01:35:12","2014-09-04 20:22:45","","","265","","","","","Globalizing capital","","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton, N.J","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HG3881 .E347 2008","","","","","Gold; standard","Gold standard","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","2nd ed","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UQQP2HBP","journalArticle","2014","Cheon, Andrew; Lackner, Maureen; Urpelainen, Johannes","Instruments of Political Control National Oil Companies, Oil Prices, and Petroleum Subsidies","Comparative Political Studies","","0010-4140, 1552-3829","10.1177/0010414014543440","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/early/2014/08/07/0010414014543440","Global petroleum subsidies peaked at US$520 billion in the summer of 2008 and reached US$212 billion in 2011, carrying high fiscal and environmental costs. Why do some countries spend so much money to subsidize petroleum consumption? Previous studies suggest that oil-rich autocracies lacking institutional capacity are the main culprits. However, they cannot explain why oil importers with capable bureaucracies, such as Argentina, Brazil, and Malaysia, subsidized petroleum products. We argue that governments in countries with national oil companies (NOCs) use petroleum subsidies to cushion the effects of increasing oil prices. Empirically, we examine the relationship between oil prices and domestic gasoline prices in 175 countries, 2002-2009. An NOC halves the effect of oil price increases on the domestic gasoline price. This effect is strongly associated with the institutional design of NOCs, as increased autonomy shields them from political interference by the government.","2014-08-08","2014-10-02 19:37:11","2014-11-08 13:00:23","2014-10-02 19:37:11","","","","","","Comparative Political Studies","","","","","","","","en","","","","","cps.sagepub.com.proxy.library.georgetown.edu","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Cheon et al_2014_(Instruments of Political Control National Oil Companies, Oil Prices, and).pdf","","","energy policy; fuel subsidies; national oil companies; oil prices","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UQRPPJEZ","book","1977","Olson, Mancur","The logic of collective action: public goods and the theory of groups","","0674537513","","","","","1977","2012-09-06 12:40:03","2014-09-04 20:25:34","","","186","","","","","The logic of collective action","Harvard Economic Studies","CXXIV","","","Harvard University Press","Cambridge, Mass","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","","","","","","Social groups; Social interaction","Social groups; Social interaction","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UQZE8TZW","journalArticle","2012","Layne, Christopher","This Time It’s Real: The End of Unipolarity and the Pax Americana","International Studies Quarterly","","1468-2478","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2011.00704.x/abstract","Layne, Christopher. (2012) This Time It’s Real: The End of Unipolarity and the Pax Americana. International Studies Quarterly, doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2478.2011.00704.x © 2012 International Studies AssociationBefore the Great Recession’s foreshocks in fall 2007, most American security studies scholars believed that unipolarity—and perforce American hegemony—would be enduring features of international politics far into the future. However, in the Great Recession’s aftermath, it is apparent that much has changed since 2007. Predictions of continuing unipolarity have been superseded by premonitions of American decline and geopolitical transformation. The Great Recession has had a two-fold impact. First, it highlighted the shift of global wealth—and power—from West to East, a trend illustrated by China’s breathtakingly rapid rise to great power status. Second, it has raised doubts about the robustness of US primacy’s economic and financial underpinnings. This article argues that the Aunipolar moment is over, and the Pax Americana—the era of American ascendancy in international politics that began in 1945—is fast winding down. This article challenges the conventional wisdom among International Relations/Security Studies scholars on three counts. First, it shows that contrary to the claims of unipolar stability theorists, the distribution of power in the international system no longer is unipolar. Second, this article revisits the 1980s’ debate about American decline and demonstrates that the Great Recession has vindicated the so-called declinists of that decade. Finally, this article takes on the Ainstitutional lock-in argument, which holds that by strengthening the Pax Americana’s legacy institutions, the United States can perpetuate the essential elements of the international order it constructed following World War II even as the material foundations of American primacy erode.","2012","2013-01-09 22:24:11","2013-02-24 22:55:31","2013-01-09 22:24:11","203–213","","1","56","","","This Time It’s Real","","","","","","","en","© 2012 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UR6R2F8T","journalArticle","2015","Chaudoin, Stephen; Urpelainen, Johannes","When is Good News About Pro-Co-operation Lobbies Good News About Co-operation?","British Journal of Political Science","","1469-2112","10.1017/S0007123413000367","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0007123413000367","Lobbies are active participants in international co-operation. In a repeated game, this article allows domestic lobbies to offer contingent rewards to influence their government to make pro-co-operation policy adjustments. The effect of lobbies depends on the type and intensity of their preferences. If the lobbies are ‘internationally benefiting’ – that is, they are interested in whether the foreign government reciprocates with adjustments of its own, they unambiguously improve co-operation. However, if the lobbies are ‘domestically benefiting’ – that is, they are interested in their own government's policy, they are less beneficial for co-operation. A domestically benefiting lobby that is willing to compensate its government even without foreign reciprocity undermines the credibility of punishing free riders. This article demonstrates this argument in the context of trade and environmental co-operation.","2015-04","2015-06-30 11:40:41","2015-06-30 11:40:41","2015-06-30 11:40:41","411–433","","02","45","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Chaudoin_Urpelainen_2015_(When is Good News About Pro-Co-operation Lobbies Good News About Co-operation).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "URIWI959","journalArticle","2005","Gheciu, Alexandra","Security Institutions as Agents of Socialization? NATO and the New Europe","International Organization","","","","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","","973–1012","","04","59","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "URMGQXRN","journalArticle","2010","Sil, Rudra; Katzenstein, Peter J.","Analytic Eclecticism in the Study of World Politics: Reconfiguring Problems and Mechanisms across Research Traditions","Perspectives on Politics","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","","411–431","","02","8","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","rename","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "URWZRGXT","journalArticle","2000","Thomsen, Steen; Pedersen, Torben","Ownership structure and economic performance in the largest european companies","Strategic Management Journal","","1097-0266","10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(200006)21:6<689::AID-SMJ115>3.0.CO;2-Y","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(200006)21:6<689::AID-SMJ115>3.0.CO;2-Y/abstract","The paper examines the impact of ownership structure on company economic performance in 435 of the largest European companies. Controlling for industry, capital structure and nation effects we find a positive effect of ownership concentration on shareholder value (market-to-book value of equity) and profitability (asset returns), but the effect levels off for high ownership shares. Furthermore we propose and support the hypothesis that the identity of large owners—family, bank, institutional investor, government, and other companies—has important implications for corporate strategy and performance. For example, compared to other owner identities, financial investor ownership is found to be associated with higher shareholder value and profitability, but lower sales growth. The effect of ownership concentration is also found to depend on owner identity. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","2000-06-01","2014-09-19 16:12:29","2014-09-19 16:12:29","2014-09-19 16:12:29","689-705","","6","21","","Strat. Mgmt. J.","","","","","","","","en","Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2000/Thomsen_Pedersen_2000_(Ownership structure and economic performance in the largest european companies).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "US39Z5FK","journalArticle","2014","Jensen, Nathan M.; Malesky, Edmund; Medina, Mariana; Ozdemir, Ugur","Pass the Bucks: Credit, Blame, and the Global Competition for Investment","International Studies Quarterly","","1468-2478","10.1111/isqu.12106","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/isqu.12106/abstract","Both countries and subnational governments commonly engage in competition for mobile capital, offering generous incentives to attract investment. Existing economics research has suggested that these tax incentives have a limited ability to affect investment patterns and are often excessively costly when measured against the amount of investment and jobs created. In this paper, we argue instead that the “competition” for capital can be politically beneficial to incumbent politicians. Building off work on electoral pandering, we argue that incentives allow politicians to take credit for firms' investment decisions. We test the empirical implications of this theory using a nationwide Internet survey, which employs a randomized experiment to test how voters evaluate the performance of incumbent US governors. Our findings illustrate a critical political benefit of offering such incentives. Politicians can use these incentives to take credit for investment flowing into their districts and to minimize the political fallout when investors choose to locate elsewhere.","2014-09-01","2015-03-18 21:14:18","2015-03-18 21:14:18","2015-03-18 21:14:18","433-447","","3","58","","Int Stud Q","Pass the Bucks","","","","","","","en","© 2013 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Jensen et al_2014_(Pass the Bucks).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "US8UM8T4","journalArticle","1985","Rosenbaum, Paul R.; Rubin, Donald B.","Constructing a Control Group Using Multivariate Matched Sampling Methods That Incorporate the Propensity Score","The American Statistician","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2683903","Matched sampling is a method for selecting units from a large reservoir of potential controls to produce a control group of modest size that is similar to a treated group with respect to the distribution of observed covariates. We illustrate the use of multivariate matching methods in an observational study of the effects of prenatal exposure to barbiturates on subsequent psychological development. A key idea is the use of the propensity score as a distinct matching variable.","1985","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","","33–38","","1","39","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1985 American Statistical Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "US9EEK9F","journalArticle","2014","LaPorte, Jody","Confronting a Crisis of Research Design","PS: Political Science & Politics","","1537-5935","10.1017/S1049096514000328","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1049096514000328","","2014-04","2015-02-23 19:06:42","2015-02-23 19:06:42","2015-02-23 19:06:42","414–417","","02","47","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/LaPorte_2014_(Confronting a Crisis of Research Design).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "USF22WBP","journalArticle","2013","Poelhekke, Steven; van der Ploeg, Frederick","Do Natural Resources Attract Nonresource FDI?","Review of Economics and Statistics","","","","http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/REST_a_00292","","2013","2015-07-16 08:58:58","2015-07-16 08:58:58","2015-07-16 08:58:58","1047–1065","","3","95","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Poelhekke_van der Ploeg_2013_(Do Natural Resources Attract Nonresource FDI).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "USP9GD5K","journalArticle","2004","Posner, Daniel N.","The political salience of cultural difference: Why Chewas and Tumbukas are allies in Zambia and adversaries in Malawi","American Political Science Review","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/production/action/cjoGetFulltext?fulltextid=265344","","2004","2015-03-25 19:11:07","2015-03-25 19:11:07","2015-03-25 19:11:07","529–545","","4","98","","","The political salience of cultural difference","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2004/Posner_2004_(The political salience of cultural difference).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "USV3J97B","journalArticle","2002","Aberbach, Joel D.; Rockman, Bert A.","Conducting and Coding Elite Interviews","PS: Political Science and Politics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1554807","","2002","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","","673–676","","4","35","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2002 American Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UTH6K473","thesis","2011","Ahmadov, Anar Kamil","A Conditional Theory of the ‘Political Resource Curse:’Oil, Autocrats, and Strategic Contexts","","","","","http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/618/1/Aahmadov_Conditional_Theory_Political_Resource_Curse.pdf","","2011","2013-10-09 20:48:21","2013-10-09 20:48:21","2013-10-09 20:48:21","","","","","","","A Conditional Theory of the ‘Political Resource Curse","","","","","LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UTH9BENJ","journalArticle","2008","Bearce, David H.","Not Complements, But Substitutes: Fixed Exchange Rate Commitments, Central Bank Independence, and External Currency Stability","International Studies Quarterly","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","","807–824","","","52","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UTRTMANK","journalArticle","2000","Brady, H. E.","Contributions of survey research to political science","PS: Political Science and Politics","","","","","","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","","47–57","","1","33","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UTTG6CMD","journalArticle","2001","Jeffery, Charlie; Hough, Daniel","The electoral cycle and multi-level voting in Germany","German Politics","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/772713264","","2001","2013-03-17 04:21:16","2014-09-04 20:24:14","2013-03-17 04:21:16","73–98","","2","10","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UV3I7ZKT","journalArticle","2012","Iacus, Stefano M.; King, Gary; Porro, Giuseppe","Causal inference without balance checking: Coarsened exact matching","Political Analysis","","","","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/content/20/1/1","","2012","2014-11-28 15:16:45","2014-11-28 15:22:34","2014-11-28 15:16:45","1-24","","1","20","","","Causal inference without balance checking","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Iacus et al_2012_(Causal inference without balance checking).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UVSF6XQ7","journalArticle","1998","Katzenstein, Peter J.; Keohane, Robert O.; Krasner, Stephen D.","International Organization and the Study of World Politics","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2601354","A distinct subfield of international relations, IPE, has emerged over the last thirty years, largely in the pages of International Organization. IPE began with the study of international political economy, but over time its boundaries have been set more by a series of theoretical debates than by subject matter. These debates have been organized around points of contestation between specific research programs, reflecting fundamental differences among the generic theoretical orientations in which these research programs are embedded. The fate of specific research programs has depended on their ability to specify cause and effect relationships and to operationalize relevant variables. Scholarship in IPE has become more sophisticated both methodologically and theoretically, and many of its insights have been incorporated into policy discussions. Past points of contestation, including those between realism and its liberal challengers and between various conceptions of domestic structure and international relations, help us to understand recent debates between rationalism and constructivism.","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2012-05-05","645–685","","4","52","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UW8JFCH4","journalArticle","2015","Dalby, Simon","Climate geopolitics: Securing the global economy","International Politics","","1384-5748","10.1057/ip.2015.3","http://www.palgrave-journals.com/ip/journal/v52/n4/full/ip20153a.html","Climate has become a matter of security deliberation in the last few years due to the gradually dawning realization that change is happening already and has the potential to severely disrupt states and economies in coming decades. What ‘security’ has been securing is now transforming the material circumstances that made carboniferous capitalism possible in the first place. Now security requires a reformulation of the basics of fossil-fueled capitalism to attempt to overcome the worst aspects of the metabolic rift that underlies modernity, a challenge that at least so far seems more than either state planners or security thinkers are capable of dealing with effectively despite attempts to use market innovations to transform energy systems. International political economy and security studies are thus inextricably linked once the material basis underlying the climate crisis is clearly engaged.","2015-07","2015-06-30 10:55:42","2015-06-30 10:55:42","2015-06-30 10:55:42","426-444","","4","52","","Int Polit","Climate geopolitics","","","","","","","en","","","","","www.palgrave-journals.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Dalby_2015_(Climate geopolitics).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UWBJG64U","journalArticle","2015","Grumbach, Jacob M.","Polluting industries as climate protagonists: cap and trade and the problem of business preferences","Business and Politics","","","","http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/bap.ahead-of-print/bap-2015-0012/bap-2015-0012.xml","AbstractIn the US, the failure of climate legislation and the implementation of EPA rules are the subject of intense scholarly and public debate. However, the debate has not investigated – and at times has further obfuscated – the preferences and expected tactics of industry stakeholders. Scholars of management and regulation argue that firms’ profit motives can be aligned with socially beneficial outcomes, but they assume that firms prefer market-based regulation over the status quo. Correspondingly, corporate stakeholders have been portrayed as protagonists in campaigns for climate legislation. In a case study of the cap and trade fight during 2009 and 2010, I find that industry stakeholders primarily mobilized to maintain the status quo, but simultaneously joined the cap and trade coalition in order to favorably shape potentially inevitable climate legislation. The case underlines the importance of deeper investigation of business preferences and provides evidence for theories that prioritize power resources and the structural power of business.","2015-05-01","2015-06-30 11:00:44","2015-06-30 11:00:44","2015-06-30 11:00:44","","","0","0","","","Polluting industries as climate protagonists","","","","","","","","","","","","www.degruyter.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Grumbach_2015_(Polluting industries as climate protagonists).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UWM92TU4","book","1960","Morgenthau, Hans J.","Politics Among Nations; the Struggle for Power and Peace","","","","","","","1960","2012-05-05 12:03:15","2014-09-04 20:25:20","","","630","","","","","","","","","","Knopf","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JX1391 .M6 1960","","","","","International; Relations","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UWPKJ6G3","journalArticle","2005","Binder, Seth; Neumayer, Eric","Environmental pressure group strength and air pollution: An empirical analysis","Ecological economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921800904004495","","2005","2015-04-12 18:09:19","2015-04-12 18:09:19","2015-04-12 18:09:19","527–538","","4","55","","","Environmental pressure group strength and air pollution","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2005/Binder_Neumayer_2005_(Environmental pressure group strength and air pollution).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UWPVB5PS","journalArticle","1995","Tarrow, Sidney","Bridging the Quantitative-Qualitative Divide in Political Science","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2082444","","1995","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","","471–474","","2","89","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1995 American Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UWRM8F52","journalArticle","2008","Rutland, Peter","Russia as an Energy Superpower","New Political Economy","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","","203–210","","2","13","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UX55QJ3X","journalArticle","2005","Dutt, Pushan; Mitra, Devashish","Political Ideology and Endogenous Trade Policy: An Empirical Investigation","Review of Economics and Statistics","","0034-6535","10.1162/0034653053327621","http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/0034653053327621","In this paper, we investigate empirically how government ideology affects trade policy. The prediction of a partisan, ideology-based model (within a two-sector, two-factor Heckscher-Ohlin framework) is that left-wing governments will adopt more protectionist trade policies in capital-rich countries, but adopt more pro-trade policies in labor-rich countries, than right-wing ones. The data strongly support this prediction in a very robust fashion. There is some evidence that this relationship may hold better in democracies than in dictatorships, though the magnitude of the partisan effect seems stronger in dictatorships.","2005-02-01","2014-02-06 21:26:17","2014-02-06 21:26:17","2014-02-06 21:26:17","59-72","","1","87","","Review of Economics and Statistics","Political Ideology and Endogenous Trade Policy","","","","","","","","","","","","MIT Press Journals","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UXCPUD5S","journalArticle","2011","Morrison, Kevin M.","Nontax Revenue, Social Cleavages, and Authoritarian Stability in Mexico and Kenya: “Internationalization, Institutions, and Political Change” Revisited","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/44/6/719","What determines how authoritarian regimes use internationally attained revenues such as natural resource rents to stay in power? The answer, this article argues, lies partly in the nature of the socioeconomic cleavages in the country. The article presents a comparison of Kenya and Mexico, two countries that experienced similar rises and falls in internationally derived nontax revenue in the context of similar political regimes. The countries differed, however, in their socioeconomic cleavages: In Mexico, cleavages were along sectoral or class lines, whereas in Kenya they were along ethnic lines. The author demonstrates how these differences led governments in the countries to use nontax revenues in different ways, with important consequences in particular for social spending. Despite the recent turn in the resource curse literature emphasizing domestic contextual factors, socioeconomic cleavages have been relatively ignored. The findings here begin to fill that gap, with important implications for several literatures.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2012-09-15","719–746","","6","44","","","Nontax Revenue, Social Cleavages, and Authoritarian Stability in Mexico and Kenya","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","Democratization; foreign aid; Kenya; Mexico; oil","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UXRDRAQ4","journalArticle","2014","Sun, Xiaolei; Li, Jianping; Wang, Yongfeng; Clark, Woodrow W.","China's Sovereign Wealth Fund Investments in overseas energy: The energy security perspective","Energy Policy","","0301-4215","10.1016/j.enpol.2013.09.056","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421513009804","Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWFs) are state-owned investment funds that invest in real and financial assets. Since the global financial crisis in 2008, SWFs' investments have resulted in national security concerns of host countries because SWFs continue to expand rapidly and have become increasingly active in real-time strategic transactions. Given this background, China, which has the biggest SWF in the world, is facing severe challenges of energy resources shortages while its plan is to accomplish social and economic development goals. Energy security is a key driving force of the energy investment policy of China's SWFs. This makes the SWF investments more complicated and more politically sensitive. The combination of sovereign rights and the strategic importance of energy also makes geopolitics more complicated and brings more uncertainty to SWF investments. This article explores the relationship between energy security and energy investments of China's SWFs. It is recognised that the energy investment of SWFs must follow a sustainable path to coordinate energy security, economic growth, return on investment and national security concerns. Government policymakers are urged to balance the financial and political returns on SWFs against potential negative effects. The conclusion presents insights for policymakers, energy scholars and SWF researchers.","2014-02","2014-10-02 13:06:49","2014-10-02 13:06:49","2014-10-02 13:06:49","654-661","","","65","","Energy Policy","China's Sovereign Wealth Fund Investments in overseas energy","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Sun et al_2014_(China's Sovereign Wealth Fund Investments in overseas energy).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UXWAQMI6","journalArticle","","Octaviano, Claudia; Paltsev, Sergey; Gurgel, Angelo Costa","Climate change policy in Brazil and Mexico: Results from the MIT EPPA model","Energy Economics","","0140-9883","10.1016/j.eneco.2015.04.007","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988315001292","Based on an in-depth analysis of results from the MIT Economic Projection and Policy Analysis (EPPA) model of climate policies for Brazil and Mexico, we demonstrate that commitments by Mexico and Brazil for 2020—made during the UN climate meetings in Copenhagen and Cancun—are reachable, but they come at different costs for each country. We find that Brazil's commitments will be met through reduced deforestation, and at no additional cost; however, Mexico's pledges will cost 4 billion US dollars in terms of reduced GDP in 2020. We explore short- and long-term implications of several policy scenarios after 2020, considering current policy debates in both countries. The comparative analysis of these two economies underscores the need for climate policy designed for the specific characteristics of each country, accounting for variables such as natural resources and current economic structure. Our results also suggest that both Brazil and Mexico may face other environmental and economic impacts from stringent global climate policies, affecting variables such as the value of energy resources in international trade.","","2015-06-30 11:03:21","2015-06-30 11:03:21","2015-06-30 11:03:21","","","","","","Energy Economics","Climate change policy in Brazil and Mexico","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files/Octaviano et al_(Climate change policy in Brazil and Mexico).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UZ74S82D","manuscript","2007","Guillet, Jérôme","Gazprom as a Predictable Partner . Another Reading of the Russian- Ukrainian and Russian-Belarusian Energy Crises","","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "UZ8XDF87","book","1994","Ostrom, E.; Gardner, R.; Walker, J.","Rules, games, and common-pool resources","","","","","","","1994","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","","","","","","","","","","","","","University of Michigan Press","Ann Arbor","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V2SVIEP6","journalArticle","2005","Fredriksson, Per G.; Neumayer, Eric; Damania, Richard; Gates, Scott","Environmentalism, democracy, and pollution control","Journal of environmental economics and management","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0095069604000713","","2005","2015-04-12 18:09:57","2015-04-12 18:09:57","2015-04-12 18:09:57","343–365","","2","49","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2005/Fredriksson et al_2005_(Environmentalism, democracy, and pollution control).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V2WFUTPA","journalArticle","2007","Bremmer, Ian; Charap, Samuel","The Siloviki in Putin's Russia: Who They Are and What They Want","The Washington Quarterly","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","","83–92","","1","30","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V34C66ZW","report","2008","Zhu, Zhen; Maxwell, Don","Natural Gas Prices, LNG Transport Costs, and the Dynamics of LNG Imports","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1302545","According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, LNG is projected to become a much larger share of U.S. natural gas consumption, rising from current levels of around 2.5% of total natural gas consumption to 12.4% by 2030. Because natural gas and LNG are substitutes, natural gas prices are expected to be an important determinant of LNG imports. Furthermore, an increasing share of LNG is traded under short-term contracts with spot shipments being diverted to markets offering the highest returns (netbacks). Natural gas prices as well as LNG transportation costs are important determinants of LNG netbacks. This paper examines the empirical relationship between U.S. LNG imports, the Henry Hub price of natural gas, and a proxy for LNG transportation costs using monthly data from 1997 to 2007. Granger causality tests, error variance decomposition, and impulse response analyses using a VAR model are employed to establish Granger-causality as well as the dynamics of natural gas prices and LNG transportation innovations on LNG imports.","2008-11-16","2015-05-29 10:15:58","2015-05-29 10:15:58","2015-05-29 10:15:58","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Zhu_Maxwell_2008_(Natural Gas Prices, LNG Transport Costs, and the Dynamics of LNG Imports).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 1302545","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V3I7IA7F","journalArticle","2013","Imai, Kosuke; Kim, In Song","On the use of linear fixed effects regression estimators for causal inference","Unpublished Manuscript","","","","http://imai.princeton.edu/research/files/FEmatch.pdf","","2013","2015-05-13 15:11:57","2015-05-13 15:11:57","2015-05-13 15:11:57","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/BUVNTST9/FEmatch.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V3IKC9HI","journalArticle","1993","Hoffman, Bruce","Terrorist targeting: Tactics, trends, and potentialities","Terrorism and Political Violence","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09546559308427205","This article analyzes recent trends in international terrorism in the context of tactical and technological innovation. It argues that, while terrorists were undeniably more active and considerably more lethal during the 1980s compared to the 1970s, the targets they chose, the weapons they used, and the tactics they employed remained remarkably consistent. Thus radical in their politics, the vast majority of terrorist organizations appear to be conservative in their operations, adhering largely to the same limited operational repertoire year after year. What innovation does occur is mostly in the methods used to conceal and detonate explosive devices, not in their tactics or in their use of nonconventional weapons (i.e., chemical, biological, or nuclear). If, however, terrorist lethality continues to increase and the constraints, self‐imposed and otherwise, imposed on terrorists in the commission of mass murder erode further, actions involving chemical, biological, or nuclear weapons could become more attractive to some terrorist groups. Indeed, ethnic/ religious fanaticism in particular might more easily allow terrorists to overcome the psychological barriers to mass murder than could a radical political agenda.","1993","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2012-09-18","12–29","","2","5","","","Terrorist targeting","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V3MD7DXN","journalArticle","2004","Muller, H.","Arguing, Bargaining and all that: Communicative Action, Rationalist Theory and the Logic of Appropriateness in International Relations","European Journal of International Relations","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","","395–435","","3","10","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","rename","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V49Q5ED2","journalArticle","2011","Biglaiser, Glen; Lektzian, David","The effect of sanctions on US foreign direct investment","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0020818311000117","","2011","2014-11-04 23:29:35","2014-11-04 23:29:35","2014-11-04 23:29:35","531–551","","03","65","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Biglaiser_Lektzian_2011_(The effect of sanctions on US foreign direct investment).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V4AM3HI8","journalArticle","2011","Hamilton, S.","Use of Social Media in Presidential Campaigns: Do Social Media Have an Effect on the Political Behavior of Voters Aged 18-24?","","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V4KZIS96","book","2012","","Bourdieu in international relations: rethinking key concepts in IR","","9780415528528","","","","","2012","2015-02-18 21:42:30","2015-02-18 21:43:00","","","","","","","","Bourdieu in international relations","","","","","Routledge","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JZ1251 .B68 2012","","","","","","","Adler-Nissen, Rebecca","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V4MAGEGX","journalArticle","2001","Gartzke, Erik; Li, Quan; Boehmer, Charles","Investing in the peace: Economic interdependence and international conflict","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0020818301441361","","2001","2014-11-04 21:21:01","2014-11-06 22:56:27","2014-11-04 21:21:01","391–438","","02","55","","","Investing in the peace","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V4QXN465","journalArticle","2012","Guille, A.; Hacid, H.","A Predictive Model for the Temporal Dynamics of Information Diffusion in Online Social Networks","WWW 2012 Companion","","","","","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-09-04 18:31:47","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V4ZBRB33","journalArticle","2009","Callaghan, Helen","Insiders, Outsiders, and the Politics of Corporate Governance How Ownership Structure Shapes Party Positions in Britain, Germany, and France","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/42/6/733.short","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2013-03-15","733–762","","6","42","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V52W7HCS","journalArticle","2008","Finon, Dominique; Locatelli, Catherine","Russian and European gas interdependence: Could contractual trade channel geopolitics?","Energy Policy","","","10.1016/j.enpol.2007.08.038","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-11-24 00:50:03","","423–442","","1","36","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","energy security; foreign energy policy; gas trade","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V5379QBW","journalArticle","2014","Durant, T. C.; Weintraub, M.","An institutional remedy for ethnic patronage politics","Journal of Theoretical Politics","","0951-6298, 1460-3667","10.1177/0951629813488986","http://jtp.sagepub.com/cgi/doi/10.1177/0951629813488986","","2014-01-01","2014-09-04 20:32:19","2014-09-04 20:32:19","2014-09-04 20:32:19","59-78","","1","26","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Durant_Weintraub_2014_(An institutional remedy for ethnic patronage politics).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V549S3TP","book","1984","Keohane, Robert O.","After Hegemony: Cooperation and Discord in the World Political Economy","","","","","http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=HnvpdocqT9EC&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=After+Hegemony&ots=vpoFXqp1wm&sig=wZgbQ2KDGWQbsC0zvlj15cXQ8eY#v=onepage&q=After%20Hegemony&f=false","","1984","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-12-05 03:42:01","","","","","","","","","","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton, N.J.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V57IWF7U","report","2011","Kelly, Michael J.","Ending Corporate Impunity for Genocide: The Case Against China's State-Owned Petroleum Company in Sudan","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2041380","This case study explores the corporate criminal liability of the Chinese National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) for complicity in the Darfur genocide in Sudan. Together with theoretical elements published elsewhere, this paper builds the prosecution's case as an example of the type of litigation that should be undertaken as a complement to civil liability for corporate wrongdoing.","2011-12-31","2015-06-14 20:58:14","2015-06-14 20:58:14","2015-06-14 20:58:14","","","","","","","Ending Corporate Impunity for Genocide","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2041380","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V5BFFR68","manuscript","2011","Spruyt, Hendrik","Systems, Structures and Sovereignty in International Politics","","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V5RSESFM","journalArticle","2005","Doyle, Michael W.","Three Pillars of the Liberal Peace","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/30038953","Sebastian Rosato (2003) finds the logic of the ""democratic peace"" flawed in his ""The Flawed Logic of Democratic Peace Theory,"" and he cites my work and other studies as examples of the flawed logic. Some of the logic he describes is flawed, and it may characterize some of the literature in the wide field of ""democratic peace,"" but it is not the logic underlying the core of liberal peace theory. Indeed, the persuasive core of the logic underlying the theory of liberal democratic peace is missing from Rosato's account. Republican representation, an ideological commitment to fundamental human rights, and transnational interdependence are the three pillars of the explanation. The logic underlying the peace among liberal states rests on a simple and straightforward proposition that connects those three causal mechanisms as they operate together and only together, and not separately as Sebastian Rosato claims.","2005","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2013-01-09","463–466","","3","99","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2005 American Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V5T6EQFD","journalArticle","2011","Lynch, Marc","After Egypt: The Limits and Promise of Online Challenges to the Authoritarian Arab State","Perspectives on Politics","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","","301–310","","02","9","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V64EJQ6D","book","2000","Wilson, Andrew.","The Ukrainians : unexpected nation","","0300083556","","","","","2000","2012-05-08 20:20:15","2014-09-04 20:27:28","","","","","","","","The Ukrainians","","","","","Yale University Press","New Haven, Conn.","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","–; History.; ukraine","Ukraine -- History.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V6A9VVUC","journalArticle","2003","Joachim, Jutta","Framing Issues and Seizing Opportunities: The UN, NGOs, and Women's Rights","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3693544","How, why, and under what conditions are NGOs able to influence state's interests? To answer these questions, I examine the process through which women's organizations succeeded in placing front and center on the UN agenda two issues that had been perceived as exclusively private: violence against women and reproductive rights and health. I develop a theoretical framework drawing on both the agenda-setting and social movement literature. I suggest that NGOs attempt to influence states' interests by framing problems, solutions, and justifications for political action. Whether they are successful in mobilizing support is contingent on the dynamic interaction of primarily two factors: (1) the political opportunity structure in which NGOs are embedded, comprising access to institutions, the presence of influential allies, and changes in political alignments and conflicts; and (2) the mobilizing structures that NGOs have at their disposal, including organizational entrepreneurs, a heterogeneous international constituency, and experts. I find that in the beginning of the agenda-setting process, the influence of NGOs is rather limited, their frames are highly contested, and structural obstacles outweigh organizational resources. However, over time the influence of NGOs increases. As they establish their own mobilizing structures, they become capable of altering the political opportunity structure in their favor, and their frames gain in acceptance and legitimacy.","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-09-04 18:31:35","","247–274","","2","47","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2003 The International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V6XXZBHM","journalArticle","2010","Conley, Timothy G.; Taber, Christopher R.","Inference with “Difference in Differences” with a Small Number of Policy Changes","Review of Economics and Statistics","","0034-6535","10.1162/REST_a_00049","http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/REST_a_00049","In difference-in-differences applications, identification of the key parameter often arises from changes in policy by a small number of groups. In contrast, typical inference assumes that the number of groups changing policy is large. We present an alternative inference approach for a small (finite) number of policy changers, using information from a large sample of nonchanging groups. Treatment effect point estimators are not consistent, but we can consistently estimate their asymptotic distribution under any point null hypothesis about the treatment. Thus, treatment point estimators can be used as test statistics, and confidence intervals can be constructed using test statistic inversion.","2010-07-07","2015-07-15 06:02:22","2015-07-15 06:02:22","2015-07-15 06:02:22","113-125","","1","93","","Review of Economics and Statistics","","","","","","","","","","","","","MIT Press Journals","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Conley_Taber_2010_(Inference with “Difference in Differences” with a Small Number of Policy Changes).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V76N7MWG","report","2013","Clunan, Anne","Constructivism's Micro-Foundations: Aspirations, Social Identity Theory, and Russia's National Interests","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2300060","This paper employs an aspirational constructivist approach that brings together social psychology and constructivism to provide causal microfoundations for the identities and status-seeking behavior of rising and declining power. It explains how the psychological need for collective self-esteem and value rationality, and construction of multiple ingroups and outgroups, shape its national identity, its status aspirations and international behavior. It applies this approach to post-Soviet Russia, where the elite converged around a status-driven national self-image that located Russia in the group of global great powers and the West. Contrary to oft-repeated warnings of a new Cold War, however, this identity generated diffuse national interests in social, rather than material, competition for global status, primarily with the United States.","2013-08-16","2013-09-03 10:14:55","2014-09-04 20:22:22","2013-09-03 10:14:55","","","","","","","Constructivism's Micro-Foundations","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","","","aspirations; constructivism; Great powers; identity; national interests; rising powers; Russia; social identity theory; social psychology; state behavior; status","aspirations; Great powers; identity; national interests; rising powers; Russia; social identity theory; social psychology; state behavior; status","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2300060","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V7BQRGAT","book","2001","Abdelal, Rawi","National Purpose in the World Economy: Post-Soviet States in Comparative Perspective","","","","","http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=o85YDMTeMrUC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=National+Purpose+in+the+World+Economy&ots=ZYtTVAvqTz&sig=m8Jwy_Q5JqKPrQIOfHfcXiLOMIQ#v=onepage&q=National%20Purpose%20in%20the%20World%20Economy&f=false","","2001","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-12-04 14:16:10","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca, NY","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V7QZAK7I","book","2007","Singer, David Andrew","Regulating capital: setting standards for the international financial system","","9780801445255","","","","","2007","2013-01-08 01:32:08","2014-09-04 20:26:35","","","163","","","","","Regulating capital","Cornell studies in money","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HG3881 .S5365 2007","","","","","Banking law; Insurance law; Law and legislation; Securities","Banking law; Insurance law; Law and legislation; Securities","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V7T98SE3","journalArticle","2014","Rickard, Stephanie J.; Caraway, Teri L.","International Negotiations in the Shadow of National Elections","International Organization","","","10.1017/S0020818314000058","","This study examines the role elections play in negotiations between states and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Although loans made by the IMF often require countries to introduce painful austerity measures that provoke a backlash from angry citizens, some governments are able to negotiate more favorable terms than others. Original data on the substantive content of IMF loans show that governments leverage imminent elections to obtain more lenient loan terms. Conditions that require labor market reforms in exchange for IMF financing are relatively less stringent in loans negotiated within six months before a pending democratic election, all else equal. The further away elections are from loan negotiations, the more stringent the labor conditions included in countries’ loan programs. Elections give governments leverage in their international negotiations and this leverage is effective even when states negotiate with unelected bureaucrats during times of economic crisis.","2014","2014-09-08 20:28:06","2014-09-08 20:28:06","","701-720","","03","68","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Rickard_Caraway_2014_(International Negotiations in the Shadow of National Elections).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V89DEN7N","journalArticle","2010","Gerring, John","Causal mechanisms: Yes, but\ldots","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/43/11/1499.short","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2013-03-04","1499–1526","","11","43","","","Causal mechanisms","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V8SN4D2S","journalArticle","2001","Ross, M. H.","Psychocultural interpretations and dramas: Identity dynamics in ethnic conflict","Political Psychology","","","","","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2014-09-04 18:31:54","","157–178","","1","22","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V9H9JQX7","journalArticle","2009","Monteiro, Nuno P.; Ruby, Keven G.","IR and the false promise of philosophical foundations","International Theory","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2014-09-04 18:31:49","","15","","01","1","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","all errors; but; but what do you; declared lover of truth; epistemology; faith; foundations; found it; have you; meta-theory; mr; ontology; philosophy of science; place in; tell me in good; voltaire; you combat and destroy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V9MH6IW4","bookSection","2003","Ruggie, John Gerard","Taking Embedded Liberalism Global: The Corporate Connection","Taming Globalization: Frontiers of Governance","","","","","","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","","","","","","","","","","","","","Polity Press","Cambridge","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Held, David; Koenig-Archibugi, Mathias","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V9NGAVMT","journalArticle","2010","Musgrave, Paul","Bringing the State Police in: The Diffusion of Statewide Policing Agencies 1919-1941","SSRN eLibrary","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1657421","Innovations upset established equilibria and thus create winners and losers. Following Olson (1971), it is now commonplace to observe that large organizations may fail to adopt new practices if the incidence of losses caused by the new policy, however beneficial it may be, are sufficiently concentrated to mobilize a coalition to prevent its adoption. Conversely, a new policy that creates a net loss for the organization, but concentrates its benefi ts on a sufficiently influential group, will be more likely to be adopted. Given the centrality of the concept of ""innovation"" to the study of policy di ffusion, it is therefore surprising that the literature has largely ignored the implications of the distributional e ffects of innovation in creating incentives for the formation of policy entrepreneurs to block diff usion. Innovations are largely (although not always) taken to be bene ficial for the organization as a whole, while the endogenous mobilization of blocking coalitions has been untheorized. In this paper, I seek to build on the existing literature by elaborating on the notion of blocking coalitions. I use the spread of statewide policing agencies in the United States during the period 1905-1941 to illustrate and test the role of labor unions as the agents of mobilizing against the adoption of innovations. I employ a mixed-methods design that allows me to uncover the mechanisms by which unions joined with local interest groups to contest the spread of state police forces even as violent crime rose sharply. One motivation for this work is thus a historical question: Why was the spread of the state police so slow and so contested given that criminologists and reformers were entirely agreed on the desirability of creating some new and more centralized and professionalized law-enforcement apparatus? I gain purchase on the larger theoretical puzzle that arises from the role that labor unions played in spreading opposition to statewide policing agencies. Given that labor unions were organized on national and functional basis, they were natural vectors for mobilizing groups who had an interest not only in the outcome of any given state's decision but in the general trend among all states. I argue that failing to account for the existence and influence of blocking coalition leads to biased inferences about the nature and extent of policy di ffusion. Studies that fail to correct for the many channels by which innovations can be contested, modifi ed, and blocked are, in eff ect, selecting on the dependent variable. I demonstrate instead that the process of diff usion can lead to meaningful outcomes even when agents merely consider adopting an innovation.","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2012-08-09","","","","","","","Bringing the State Police in","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "V9PUDXBG","journalArticle","2007","Fan, Joseph PH; Wong, Tak Jun; Zhang, Tianyu","Politically connected CEOs, corporate governance, and Post-IPO performance of China's newly partially privatized firms","Journal of Financial Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304405X06002133","","2007","2014-11-22 18:01:19","2014-11-22 18:01:41","2014-11-22 18:01:19","330–357","","2","84","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Fan et al_2007_(Politically connected CEOs, corporate governance, and Post-IPO performance of).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VA5QUHEM","webpage","2014","","India invites Saudi Arabia to invest in strategic oil storages","The Economic Times","","","","http://economictimes.indiatimes.com//articleshow/44973555.cms","","2014-10-29","2014-12-12 17:18:23","2014-12-12 17:18:44","2014-12-12 17:18:23","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VAK5T2AT","journalArticle","2014","Horowitz, Michael C.; Stam, Allan C.","How Prior Military Experience Influences the Future Militarized Behavior of Leaders","International Organization","","1531-5088","10.1017/S0020818314000046","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0020818314000046","Policy-makers and the electorate assume political executives' life experiences affect their policy choices once in office. Recent international relations work on leaders focuses almost entirely on how political institutions shape leaders' choices rather than on leaders' personal attributes and how they influence policy choices. This article focuses the analytic lens on leaders and their personal backgrounds. We theorize that the prior military background of a leader is an important life experience with direct relevance for how leaders evaluate the utility of using military force. We test several propositions employing a new data set, building on Archigos, that encompasses the life background characteristics of more than 2,500 heads of state from 1875 to 2004. The results show that the leaders most likely to initiate militarized disputes and wars are those with prior military service but no combat experience, as well as former rebels.","2014-06","2015-03-25 18:26:44","2015-03-25 18:26:44","2015-03-25 18:26:44","527–559","","03","68","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Horowitz_Stam_2014_(How Prior Military Experience Influences the Future Militarized Behavior of).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VANW2RGV","journalArticle","2014","Glynn, Adam N.; Ichino, Nahomi","Increasing Inferential Leverage in the Comparative Method Placebo Tests in Small-n Research","Sociological Methods & Research","","","","http://smr.sagepub.com/content/early/2014/05/01/0049124114528879.abstract","","2014","2015-07-09 09:01:59","2015-07-09 09:01:59","2015-07-09 09:01:59","0049124114528879","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Glynn_Ichino_2014_(Increasing Inferential Leverage in the Comparative Method Placebo Tests in).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VBJJFUR5","conferencePaper","1999","Attias, Hagai","Inferring parameters and structure of latent variable models by variational Bayes","Proceedings of the Fifteenth conference on Uncertainty in artificial intelligence","","","","http://dl.acm.org.proxy.library.georgetown.edu/citation.cfm?id=2073799","","1999","2014-09-29 02:21:14","2014-09-29 02:21:14","2014-09-29 02:21:14","21–30","","","","","","","","","","","Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc.","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1999/Attias/Attias_1999_Inferring parameters and structure of latent variable models by variational.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VBNB9TV4","journalArticle","2007","Hoderlein, Stefan; Mammen, Enno","Identification of marginal effects in nonseparable models without monotonicity","Econometrica","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-0262.2007.00801.x/abstract","","2007","2013-09-17 10:10:23","2013-09-17 10:10:23","2013-09-17 10:10:23","1513–1518","","5","75","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Quant","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VBNP4UNA","journalArticle","2003","Yanow, Dvora","Interpretive empirical political science: What makes this not a subfield of qualitative methods","Qualitative Methods","","","","http://web.iaincirebon.ac.id/ebook/moon/PoliticalScience/Interpretive%20Empirical%20Political%20Science.pdf","","2003","2015-02-18 22:45:46","2015-02-18 22:45:46","2015-02-18 22:45:46","9–13","","2","1","","","Interpretive empirical political science","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2003/Yanow_2003_(Interpretive empirical political science).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VBSQSUBK","journalArticle","2007","Ulfelder, Jay","Natural-Resource Wealth and the Survival of Autocracy","Comparative Political Studies","","0010-4140, 1552-3829","10.1177/0010414006287238","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/40/8/995","Does natural-resource wealth impede transitions to democracy? This article revisits this question with an event history design that differs from the approach used in other recent statistical tests of rentier state theory. The research confirms that autocracy is typically more durable in countries with substantial resource wealth, and the author finds this effect is robust to other measures proposed to explain the dearth of democracy in the Middle East or the Muslim world. Along the way, the author raises concerns about the use of all-countries and all-years samples to test theories of democratization, arguing that this design can obscure important differences in the forces driving stability and change among different types of political regimes.","2007-08-01","2015-03-03 17:15:56","2015-03-03 17:15:56","2015-03-03 17:15:56","995-1018","","8","40","","Comparative Political Studies","","","","","","","","en","","","","","cps.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Ulfelder_2007_(Natural-Resource Wealth and the Survival of Autocracy).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VBXSVN7C","book","1987","Randall, Laura","The political economy of Venezuelan oil","","0275928233","","","","","1987","2015-05-05 10:27:26","2015-05-05 10:27:26","","","247","","","","","","","","","","Praeger","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD9574.V42 R35 1987","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VCCMFTQ6","journalArticle","2012","Maguire, Karen","Prices or politics? The influence of markets and political party changes on oil and gas development in the United States","Energy Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988312001806","This paper analyzes the influence of state and federal political party changes and market factors on the number of state oil and natural gas drilling permits issued. The findings, using a first‐differenced empirical model for two samples, a 26-state sample, from 1990 to 2007, and a 19-state sample, from 1977 to 2007, indicate that the influence of political party changes is trumped by economic factors. Oil and natural gas prices are the main drivers of permitting changes, while the state and federal political party changes for the legislatures' and executive offices are consistently not significant.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2013-09-03","2013–2020","","6","34","","","Prices or politics?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Energy; Oil and natural gas; Political influence","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VCEEM4FN","journalArticle","2009","Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce; Smith, Alistair","Political survival and endogenous institutional change","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/42/2/167.short","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2015-07-16 11:25:08","2012-10-23","167–197","","2","42","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VCMU8S2V","journalArticle","2011","Alemán, José A.","Cooperative Institutions and Inequality in the OECD: Bringing the Firm Back In*","Social Science Quarterly","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-6237.2011.00794.x/abstract","Objective. To examine the relationship between firm-level cooperation, inequality, and redistribution in 18 advanced industrialized democracies.Methods. The relationships are investigated using multiple regression analyses of institutional, political, and economic variables.Results. Multilevel models reveal that contrary to neocorporatism, firm-level cooperative ties have significant inegalitarian effects, particularly in the distribution of pretax, pretransfer market income. The effects, however, are also felt in the distribution of posttax, posttransfer income.Conclusion. By paying attention to the effect of firm-level cooperation, the study sheds new light on inequality in the OECD as a result of both market-based and nonmarket coordination.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2013-01-24","830–849","","3","92","","","Cooperative Institutions and Inequality in the OECD","","","","","","","en","\copyright 2011 by the Southwestern Social Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VD65DUHX","journalArticle","2015","Fouirnaies, Alexander; Hall, Andrew B.","The Exposure Theory of Access: Why Some Firms Seek More Access to Incumbents Than Others","","","","","http://www.polmeth.wustl.edu/media/Paper/FouirnaiesHallRegulation_1.pdf","","2015","2015-05-06 16:18:02","2015-05-06 16:21:18","2015-05-06 16:18:02","","","","","","","The Exposure Theory of Access","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files/Fouirnaies_Hall_(The Exposure Theory of Access).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VD6Q9Z98","journalArticle","2011","Nam, T.","Dual effects of the internet on political activism: Reinforcing and mobilizing","Government Information Quarterly","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VDCIBI2H","journalArticle","2006","Mitzen, Jennifer","Anchoring Europe's civilizing identity: habits, capabilities and ontological security1","Journal of European Public Policy","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","","270–285","","2","13","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VDM3AVT7","journalArticle","2015","Krane, Jim","A refined approach: Saudi Arabia moves beyond crude","Energy Policy","","0301-4215","10.1016/j.enpol.2015.03.008","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421515001147","Saudi Arabia's role in global energy markets is changing. The kingdom is reshaping itself as a supplier of refined petroleum products while moving beyond its long-held role as a simple exporter of crude oil. This change is commensurate with the typical development trajectory of a state progressing to a more advanced stage of global economic integration. Gains from increased refining include reducing fuel imports and capturing margins now bequeathed to competitors. Refining also allows the kingdom to export its heavy crude oil to a wider array of customers, beyond select importers configured to handle heavy crudes. However, the move also presents strategic complications. The world's ""swing supplier"" of oil may grow less willing or able to adjust supply to suit market demands. In the process, Saudi Arabia may have to update the old “oil for security” relationship that links it with Washington, augmenting it with a more diverse set of economic and investment ties with individual companies and countries, including China.","2015-07","2015-06-30 11:18:21","2015-06-30 11:18:21","2015-06-30 11:18:21","99-104","","","82","","Energy Policy","A refined approach","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Krane_2015_(A refined approach).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VE5GPE56","journalArticle","2015","Hachigian, Heather","Ambiguity, discretion and ethics in Norway’s sovereign wealth fund","Business and Politics","","","","http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/bap.ahead-of-print/bap-2014-0038/bap-2014-0038.xml","AbstractAn increasing number of public institutional investors are adopting sustainable and ethical investment policies. While financial tests of materiality and norm structures are often assumed to guide their implementation, this assumption is challenged by the increasing complexity in global financial markets. This article provides an analytical framework to explain these implementation problems by drawing attention to the ambiguity inherent in investment policies. Ambiguity means there is no ideal outcome. Agents must use their discretion to interpret investment policies, which is at odds with conventional theories of discretion that assume a unique policy goal. This article argues that ambiguity impacts institutional investors in two contrasting ways. Ambiguity acts as a built-in mechanism for adapting investment policies to increasing complexity in global financial markets. But the resources required to maintain legitimacy under ambiguity detract from the investor’s capacity to actually implement its policy. This framework is used to analyze the evolution of the Norwegian sovereign wealth fund (SWF)’s ethical investment policy. The article finds that agents use their discretion to interpret the Fund’s investment policy in ways that align with its long-term mandate.","2015-04-14","2015-06-30 11:33:54","2015-06-30 11:33:54","2015-06-30 11:33:54","","","0","0","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","www.degruyter.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Hachigian_2015_(Ambiguity, discretion and ethics in Norway’s sovereign wealth fund).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VETQE2PC","journalArticle","2012","Blackwell, Matthew; Sen, Maya","Large Datasets and You: A Field Guide","Political Methodologist","","","","http://www.mattblackwell.org/files/papers/bigdata.pdf","","2012","2015-03-13 13:48:07","2015-03-13 13:48:07","2015-03-13 13:48:07","3","","1","20","","","Large Datasets and You","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Blackwell_Sen_2012_(Large Datasets and You).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VFJK9MSN","journalArticle","1993","Martin, Lisa L.","Credibility, costs, and institutions: Cooperation on economic sanctions","World Politics","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0043887100011369","","1993","2015-02-17 13:41:09","2015-02-17 13:41:09","2015-02-17 13:41:09","406–432","","03","45","","","Credibility, costs, and institutions","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1993/Martin_1993_(Credibility, costs, and institutions).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VGAC43JM","journalArticle","2015","Wright, Joseph; Frantz, Erica; Geddes, Barbara","Oil and Autocratic Regime Survival","British Journal of Political Science","","1469-2112","10.1017/S0007123413000252","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0007123413000252","This article uncovers a new mechanism linking oil wealth to autocratic regime survival: the investigation tests whether increases in oil wealth improve the survival of autocracies by lowering the chances of democratization, reducing the risk of transition to subsequent dictatorship, or both. Using a new measure of autocratic durability shows that, once models allow for unit effects, oil wealth promotes autocratic survival by lowering the risk of ouster by rival autocratic groups. Evidence also indicates that oil income increases military spending in dictatorships, which suggests that increasing oil wealth may deter coups that could have caused a regime collapse.","2015-04","2015-06-30 11:40:46","2015-06-30 11:40:46","2015-06-30 11:40:46","287–306","","02","45","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Wright et al_2015_(Oil and Autocratic Regime Survival).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VGDJHRFQ","book","2010","Shepsle, Kenneth A.","Analyzing politics : rationality, behavior, and institutions","","0393935078","","","","","2010","2012-05-09 15:22:57","2014-09-04 20:26:29","","","","","","","","Analyzing politics","","","","","W.W. Norton","New York","","","","","","search8.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Political; science.","Political science.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VGFIG25B","journalArticle","2012","Breznitz, Dan","Ideas, structure, state action and economic growth: Rethinking the Irish miracle","Review of International Political Economy","","0969-2290","10.1080/09692290.2010.514260","http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09692290.2010.514260","This paper advances an argument about the need to take into account two components of state-industry relations if we are to fully understand economic development and policy trajectory, as well as industry-state co-evolution. The first component, the specific structure of the bureaucracy and state-industry relations, has been the focus of intense research. However, the second, the particular industrial economic ideology defining the correct role of the state in industry and industry in a state, is at least as important, if under-researched. In order to do empirically advance the argument the paper merges a cognitive-based constructivist argument with a neo-developmental state structuralist one, to present a new understanding of the role of the state in the Irish miracle that explains not only its success and failures but its internal dissonances, such as the continuous discrimination of the local, Irish-owned, industry in favor of foreign-owned MNCs. The paper illustrates how a particular industrial economic ideology has been formed and crystallized in Ireland. Focusing on the IT industry and using a multimethod research strategy, it traces the influence and evolution of this ideology at five critical decision points over a fifty-year period.","2012-02-01","2015-04-12 17:40:12","2015-04-12 17:40:12","2015-04-12 17:40:12","87-113","","1","19","","","Ideas, structure, state action and economic growth","","","","","","","","","","","","Taylor and Francis+NEJM","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Breznitz_2012_(Ideas, structure, state action and economic growth).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VGQSNR6R","journalArticle","2015","Choi, Ji Young","Rationality, norms and identity in international relations","International Politics","","1384-5748","10.1057/ip.2014.41","http://www.palgrave-journals.com/ip/journal/v52/n1/full/ip201441a.html","This article examines major debates between rationalism and constructivism. It presents that there are politically significant motives of social actions, including norms and identity, which cannot be completely subsumed by the concept of instrumental rationality. These ideational or social-psychological motivations are governed primarily by thymos or affect (the moral or emotional part of the human personality) and/or value-oriented rationality. We need more flexible assumptions about main actors and their motives than those of rationalism to explain appropriately the politics of anger, loyalty and a sense of justice at international levels. However, constructivism’s emphasis on ideational motivations cannot totally replace rationalism in explaining international political life. Constructivism maintains that identity or norms are causally prior to actors’ interests. Yet when there is conflict between pursuit of interests and maintenance of identity or norms, actors’ strong and well-defined self-interests can overrule their contested or unstable identity or norms. In short, causal arrows can flow in either direction between identity or norms and interests. This implies that rationalism and constructivism are complementary rather than competitive in explaining international political life.","2015-01","2015-01-15 20:31:52","2015-01-15 20:31:52","2015-01-15 20:31:52","110-127","","1","52","","Int Polit","","","","","","","","en","","","","","www.palgrave-journals.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Choi_2015_(Rationality, norms and identity in international relations).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VJDP7NXT","journalArticle","1999","Collinson, Sarah","'Issue-systems', 'multi-level games' and the analysis of the EU's external commercial and associated policies: a research agenda","Journal of European Public Policy","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/135017699343685","This article considers how a particular combination of existing conceptual or heuristic approaches drawn from international relations theory-the 'issue-systems' framework and an adapted 'two-level game' model- might be brought to the empirical investigation of the European Union (EU) as an international actor and, more specifically, to the analysis of the policy-making and governance processes that shape and define the EU's external commercial and associated policies. It is proposed that the use of these frameworks in the analysis of the EU's external policy processes might provide a basis for tackling some of the broader questions concerning the nature and significance of the EU as a governance system and international actor in the world economic and political arena.","1999","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2013-01-31","206–224","","2","6","","","'Issue-systems', 'multi-level games' and the analysis of the EU's external commercial and associated policies","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VK254AJ6","journalArticle","1998","Hopf, Ted","The Promise of Constructivism in International Relations Theory","International Security","","","","","","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","","171","","1","23","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VKBCW9M2","journalArticle","2012","Skarbek, David","Prison gangs, norms, and organizations","Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","","","","","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2014-09-04 18:31:48","","96–109","","1","82","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VKCIV73Z","book","2002","Hopf, Theodore","Social Construction of International Politics: Identities & Foreign Policies, Moscow, 1955 & 1999","","","","","","","2002","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:24:05","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca, NY","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VKCT8922","journalArticle","1991","Sappington, David E. M.","Incentives in Principal-Agent Relationships","The Journal of Economic Perspectives","","0895-3309","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1942685","","1991-04-01","2014-11-06 21:23:28","2014-11-06 21:23:28","2014-11-06 21:23:28","45-66","","2","5","","The Journal of Economic Perspectives","","","","","","","","","Copyright © 1991 American Economic Association","","","","JSTOR","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1991/Sappington_1991_(Incentives in Principal-Agent Relationships).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VKUFPISU","journalArticle","2012","Kucik, J.","The Domestic Politics of Institutional Design: Producer Preferences over Trade Agreement Rules","Economics & Politics","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-0343.2012.00399.x/full","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2012-12-01","","","","","","","The Domestic Politics of Institutional Design","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VKWWDMQV","journalArticle","1993","Chung, Kwang-Hyun; Ghicas, Dimitrios; Pastena, Victor","Lenders' Use of Accounting Information in the Oil and Gas Industry","The Accounting Review","","0001-4826","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/248511","A borrowing base is a line of credit set by the lender and secured by petroleum assets. Borrowers can draw on the borrowing base only to the extent that their investment opportunities justify the related interest expenses. This measure of the firm's capacity to obtain secured loans is footnoted in the long-term debt section of the annual reports. In this paper we examine how lenders use accounting information to set the borrowing base of oil and gas firms. Determination of the borrowing base is a vital decision because it represents the lenders' exposure in the event that the borrower defaults.1 We find evidence on lenders' use of accounting information by examining actual lending agreements as well as through tests of association. Our sample consists of smaller petroleum firms that have a higher probability of default if unfavorable contingencies occur. The primary finding is that the value of firm's oil and gas reserves explain a large proportion of the variation in the firms' borrowing base and total outstanding debt. Unlike prior studies, we find that reserve recognition accounting (RRA) has a higher explanatory power than book values. Although major fluctuations in oil prices during the period of the study, 1984-1987, suggest that historical costs may be relatively poor indicators of changes in asset values, we observe that RRA information is used in setting the borrowing base for 21 of the 23 firms for which such agreements were available. The evidence reported in this article complements prior research (Harris and Ohlson 1987, 1990; Ghicas and Pastena 1989)2 and enhances the regulators' implication that their mandated RRA information is useful to users of financial statements.","1993-10-01","2014-10-03 18:07:03","2014-10-03 18:07:03","2014-10-03 18:07:03","885-895","","4","68","","The Accounting Review","","","","","","","","","Copyright © 1993 American Accounting Association","","","","JSTOR","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1993/Chung et al_1993_(Lenders' Use of Accounting Information in the Oil and Gas Industry).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VKXV42S2","journalArticle","2013","Alesina, A.; Giuliano, P.; Nunn, N.","On the Origins of Gender Roles: Women and the Plough","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","0033-5533, 1531-4650","10.1093/qje/qjt005","http://qje.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/doi/10.1093/qje/qjt005","","2013-05-01","2014-09-29 02:17:31","2014-09-29 02:17:31","2014-09-29 02:17:31","469-530","","2","128","","","On the Origins of Gender Roles","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Alesina et al_2013_(On the Origins of Gender Roles).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VMHFTR6X","journalArticle","2014","Blackwell, M.","A Selection Bias Approach to Sensitivity Analysis for Causal Effects","Political Analysis","","1047-1987, 1476-4989","10.1093/pan/mpt006","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/doi/10.1093/pan/mpt006","","2014-04-01","2015-03-13 13:48:05","2015-03-13 13:48:05","2015-03-13 13:48:05","169-182","","2","22","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Blackwell_2014_(A Selection Bias Approach to Sensitivity Analysis for Causal Effects).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VMVMJ3EK","journalArticle","1993","Hillman, Arye L.; Ursprung, Heinrich W.","Multinational Firms, Political Competition, and International Trade Policy","International Economic Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2526917","This paper considers how the presence of multinational firms influences international trade policy that is determined as the outcome of political competition. Multinational firms have plants to protect in all policy jurisdictions, and hence are more protectionist than national firms which at least have an interest in free trade in export markets. Nonetheless because of changed incentives for firms to provide political support for free-trade and protectionist candidates an increased multinational presence via either merger or direct foreign investment has a liberalizing influence on trade policy.","1993","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2012-09-06","347–363","","2","34","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VN2XMUZI","journalArticle","2012","Wright, Erik Olin","Transforming capitalism through real utopias","American sociological review","","","","http://asr.sagepub.com/content/early/2012/12/26/0003122412468882.abstract","","2012","2014-09-29 02:14:48","2014-09-29 02:14:48","2014-09-29 02:14:48","0003122412468882","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Wright_2012_(Transforming capitalism through real utopias).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VN3P7FAI","journalArticle","2012","Schultz, Kenneth A.","Why We Needed Audience Costs and What We Need Now","Security Studies","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09636412.2012.706475","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2013-01-11","369–375","","3","21","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VN7F5PPD","journalArticle","2005","Guzzini, Stefano","The Concept of Power: a Constructivist Analysis","Millennium - Journal of International Studies","","","","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","","495–521","","3","33","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VNC4NH4U","journalArticle","2004","Smith, Benjamin","Oil wealth and regime survival in the developing world, 1960–1999","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0092-5853.2004.00067.x/pdf","","2004","2015-07-16 09:16:59","2015-07-16 09:16:59","2015-07-16 09:16:59","232–246","","2","48","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VNKN3A3F","journalArticle","1996","Copeland, Dale C.","Economic Interdependence and War: A Theory of Trade Expectations","International Security","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2539041","","1996","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2013-01-09","5–41","","4","20","","","Economic Interdependence and War","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1996 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VNNUPB9R","journalArticle","2009","Lupovici, Amir","Constructivist methods: a plea and manifesto for pluralism","Review of International Studies","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","","195","","01","35","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VNPITHK2","journalArticle","2013","Cavallo, Eduardo; Galiani, Sebastian; Noy, Ilan; Pantano, Juan","Catastrophic Natural Disasters and Economic Growth","Review of Economics and Statistics","","0034-6535","10.1162/REST_a_00413","http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/REST_a_00413","We examine the average causal impact of catastrophic natural disasters on economic growth by combining information from comparative case studies. For each country affected by a large disaster, we compute the counterfactual by constructing synthetic controls. We find that only extremely large disasters have a negative effect on output in both the short and the long runs. However, we also show that this results from two events where radical political revolutions followed the disasters. Once we control for these political changes, even extremely large disasters do not display any significant effect on economic growth.","2013-12-01","2015-07-15 06:05:55","2015-07-15 06:05:55","2015-07-15 06:05:55","1549-1561","","5","95","","Review of Economics and Statistics","","","","","","","","","","","","","MIT Press Journals","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VNRZRMIN","journalArticle","1990","Muller, Edward N.; Weede, Erich","Cross-National Variation in Political Violence A Rational Action Approach","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","0022-0027, 1552-8766","","http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/34/4/624","Propositions about determinants of political violence at the cross-national level are derived from rational action theory and tested across the entire population of independent states in the mid-1970s. The data support two rational action hypotheses: Rates of domestic political violence are higher at intermediate levels of both regime repressiveness and negative sanctions than at either low or high levels of these indicators of institutionalized and behavioral coercion. Two hypotheses that can be interpreted within either a rational action or a deprivation framework also are supported: High rates of economic growth reduce the incidence of political violence, and potential separatism increases the incidence of violence. A deprivation hypothesis that high life expectancy reduces the incidence of political violence is not supported. Overall, this set of findings favors a rational action rather than a deprivation approach to explaining why nations differ in rates of political violence.","1990","2013-05-08 00:18:30","2014-09-04 20:25:24","2013-05-08 00:18:30","624-651","","4","34","","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","","","","","en","","","","","jcr.sagepub.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VPHT8U7J","journalArticle","2014","Horowitz, Joel L.","Ill-Posed Inverse Problems in Economics","Annual Review of Economics","","","10.1146/annurev-economics-080213-041213","http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-080213-041213","A parameter of an econometric model is identified if there is a one-to-one or many-to-one mapping from the population distribution of the available data to the parameter. Often, this mapping is obtained by inverting a mapping from the parameter to the population distribution. If the inverse mapping is discontinuous, then estimation of the parameter usually presents an ill-posed inverse problem. Such problems arise in many settings in economics and other fields in which the parameter of interest is a function. This article explains how ill-posedness arises and why it causes problems for estimation. The need to modify or regularize the identifying mapping is explained, and methods for regularization and estimation are discussed. Methods for forming confidence intervals and testing hypotheses are summarized. It is shown that a hypothesis test can be more precise in a certain sense than an estimator. An empirical example illustrates estimation in an ill-posed setting in economics.","2014","2014-09-08 20:20:14","2014-09-08 20:20:14","2014-09-08 20:20:14","21-51","","1","6","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VPI2R2CB","journalArticle","1999","Hurd, Ian","Legitimacy and Authority in International Politics","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2601393","The idea that the legitimacy of international institutions affects state behavior is increasingly common in discussions of international relations, and yet little has been said about what the term legitimacy means or how it works. This is peculiar, since legitimacy is widely cited in domestic social studies as a major reason, along with coercion and self-interest, that actors obey rules. I examine the concept of legitimacy, defined as the internalization of an external rule, as it is used in domestic studies and in international relations, and find that the existence of institutions that states accept as legitimate has important implications for theories of international relations. Using the norms of sovereign nonintervention as an illustration, I compare coercion, self-interest, and legitimacy as three motivations for rule-following by states. Self-interest and coercion, alone or together, are insufficient to sustain the pattern of behavior we recognize as the system of sovereign states. The degree of settledness of borders, especially among states of unequal power, indicates that the institution of sovereignty owes part of its persistence to the widespread acceptance by states of the norms of sovereignty as legitimate. This is important for international relations because the existence of legitimate rules signals the presence of authority, which is inconsistent with the received image of the international system as anarchic. I conclude the article by charting a course of further research into the ideas of legitimacy, authority, and anarchy.","1999","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","","379–408","","2","53","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1999 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VPJ2RT8J","book","1994","Dienes, Leslie; Dobozi, István; Radetzki, Marian","Energy and economic reform in the Former Soviet Union : implications for production, consumption and exports, and for the international energy markets","","0312120141","","","","","1994","2012-05-10 17:31:46","2014-09-04 20:22:39","","","","","","","","Energy and economic reform in the Former Soviet Union","","","","","St. Martin's Press","New York, N.Y.","","","","","","search1.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Energy industries – Former Soviet republics\textbarxCongresses.; Energy policy – Former Soviet republics\textbarxCongresses.","Energy industries -- Former Soviet republics|xCongresses.; Energy policy -- Former Soviet republics|xCongresses.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VPNUMUM5","journalArticle","2014","Drezner, Daniel W.","The System Worked: Global Economic Governance during the Great Recession","World Politics","","0043-8871, 1086-3338","10.1017/S0043887113000348","http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0043887113000348","","2014-01","2014-09-04 20:31:59","2014-09-04 20:31:59","2014-09-04 20:31:59","123-164","","01","66","","","The System Worked","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Drezner_2014_(The System Worked).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VQ4KZD2N","journalArticle","2015","Bagozzi, Benjamin E.; Hill, Daniel W.; Moore, Will H.; Mukherjee, Bumba","Modeling Two Types of Peace The Zero-inflated Ordered Probit (ZiOP) Model in Conflict Research","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","0022-0027, 1552-8766","10.1177/0022002713520530","http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/59/4/728","A growing body of applied research on political violence employs split-population models to address problems of zero inflation in conflict event counts and related binary dependent variables. Nevertheless, conflict researchers typically use standard ordered probit models to study discrete ordered dependent variables characterized by excessive zeros (e.g., levels of conflict). This study familiarizes conflict scholars with a recently proposed split-population model—the zero-inflated ordered probit (ZiOP) model—that explicitly addresses the econometric challenges that researchers face when using a “zero-inflated” ordered dependent variable. We show that the ZiOP model provides more than an econometric fix: it provides substantively rich information about the heterogeneous pool of “peace” observations that exist in zero-inflated ordinal variables that measure violent conflict. We demonstrate the usefulness of the model through Monte Carlo experiments and replications of published work and also show that the substantive effects of covariates derived from the ZiOP model can reveal nonmonotonic relationships between these covariates and one’s conflict probabilities of interest.","2015-06-01","2015-06-30 11:02:05","2015-06-30 11:02:05","2015-06-30 11:02:05","728-752","","4","59","","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","","","","","en","","","","","jcr.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Bagozzi et al_2015_(Modeling Two Types of Peace The Zero-inflated Ordered Probit (ZiOP) Model in).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VQ5P3FXU","journalArticle","1984","Krasner, Stephen D.","Approaches to the State: Alternative Conceptions and Historical Dynamics","Comparative Politics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/421608","","1984","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2012-05-18","223–246","","2","16","","","Approaches to the State","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VQ8M6CHU","report","2008","Baev, Pavel; Bartuska, Vaclav; Cleutinx, Christian; Gaddy, Clifford; G\textbackslashtextbackslash""otz, Roland; Gros, Daniel; Ickes, Barry; Konoplyanik, Andrey; Kosachev, Konstantin; Piebalgs, Andris; Piper, Jeffery; Swieboda, Pawel; Trenin, Dmitri; Yastrzhembsky, Sergey; Mitrova, Tatiana","Pipelines, Politics and Power: The future of EU-Russia Energy Relations","","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","","","","","","","","","","","","","Centre for European Reform","","","","","","","","","","","","","Baev; Bartuska; Gaddy; Gotz; Ickes; Kosachev; Piebalgs; Trenin","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VQBV7ZD3","journalArticle","2014","Voeten, Erik","Does participation in international organizations increase cooperation?","The Review of International Organizations","","1559-7431, 1559-744X","10.1007/s11558-013-9176-y","http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11558-013-9176-y","Recent research asserts that public commitments to international institutions promote behavior that is consistent with institutional purposes. Evidence for this proposition is based almost entirely on studies that compare the behavior of states that have and have not ratified treaties. This paper evaluates instances in which some member states temporarily experience increased entanglement with an IO because they or their nationals serve in a position of authority. Unlike selection into IOs, selection into positions of authority is often governed by a common, observable, and partially exogenous process. I exploit exogenous exit, random assignment to different term lengths, and competitive elections in three contexts: the International Criminal Court (ICC), the UN Human Rights Commission (UNHRC), and the UN Security Council (UNSC). The evidence implicates that acquiring a position of authority can make states more willing to reject U.S. advances to sign non-surrender agreements, adopt domestic legislation that changes the penal code (ICC case), ratify legally binding treaties (UNHRC case), and contribute to peacekeeping missions (UNSC case). On the other hand, there is no evidence that UN institutions successfully select more cooperative states for positions of authority. Similar research designs can gainfully be employed to identify the causal effects of other forms of institutional participation.","2014-09-01","2014-09-16 21:35:51","2014-09-16 21:35:51","2014-09-16 21:35:51","285-308","","3","9","","Rev Int Organ","","","","","","","","en","","","","","link.springer.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Voeten_2014_(Does participation in international organizations increase cooperation).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VQPVW5PX","newspaperArticle","2010","Reguly, Eric","Mighty Big Oil no match for Big Nationals","The Globe and Mail","","","","http://www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/rob-commentary/mighty-big-oil-no-match-for-big-nationals/article621642/","The growing clout of state-owned energy companies is pushing the supermajors out to the fringes","2010-12-16","2014-11-05 14:07:13","2014-11-22 22:50:21","2014-11-05 14:07:13","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Report on Business, Commentary","","","","" "VQQ74FNE","journalArticle","2010","Agnew, Robert","A general strain theory of terrorism","Theoretical Criminology","","","","http://tcr.sagepub.com/content/14/2/131","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2012-09-18","131–153","","2","14","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VQSQKQ3P","journalArticle","2002","Hallerberg, M.","Veto players and the choice of monetary institutions","International Organization","","","","","","2002","2012-05-18 19:11:25","2014-09-04 20:23:37","","775–802","","04","56","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VQUGAUWX","book","2008","Gandhi, Jennifer","Political institutions under dictatorship","","9780521897952","","","","","2008","2012-10-08 13:01:53","2014-09-04 20:23:01","","","232","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge ; New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JC495 .G36 2008","","","","","20th century; Dictatorship; History; Legislative bodies; Political parties","Dictatorship; Legislative bodies; Political parties","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VQZP2VA8","journalArticle","2011","Butler, Daniel M.; Broockman, David E.","Do Politicians Racially Discriminate Against Constituents? A Field Experiment on State Legislators","American Journal of Political Science","","00925853","10.1111/j.1540-5907.2011.00515.x","http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2011.00515.x","","2011-07","2014-09-29 02:16:40","2014-09-29 02:18:02","2014-09-29 02:16:40","463-477","","3","55","","","Do Politicians Racially Discriminate Against Constituents?","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Butler_Broockman_2011_(Do Politicians Racially Discriminate Against Constituents).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VTH2I72T","journalArticle","2002","Guzman, A. T.","The Cost of Credibility: Explaining Resistance to Interstate Dispute Resolution Mechanisms","Journal of Legal Studies","","","","http://works.bepress.com/andrew_guzman/10/","","2002","2012-11-07 06:34:26","2014-09-04 20:23:32","2012-11-07 06:34:26","303–326","","","31","","","The Cost of Credibility","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Trade; WTO","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VU4EU4BX","journalArticle","2010","Gaille, S. Scott","Allocation of International Petroleum Licenses to National Oil Companies: Insights from the Coase Thereom","Energy Law Journal","","","","http://heinonlinebackup.com/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/energy31§ion=12","","2010","2014-11-22 21:03:26","2014-11-22 21:03:59","2014-11-22 21:03:26","111-124","","1","31","","","Allocation of International Petroleum Licenses to National Oil Companies","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Gaille_2010_(Allocation of International Petroleum Licenses to National Oil Companies).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VUIGZE9R","journalArticle","2011","Beebee, Helen","Necessary Connections and the Problem of Induction1","Noûs","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-0068.2010.00821.x/abstract","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2012-09-06","504–527","","3","45","","","","","","","","","","en","\copyright 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VUIUX5HM","journalArticle","1985","Sewell, William H.","Ideologies and Social Revolutions: Reflections on the French Case","The Journal of Modern History","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1898935","","1985","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2012-11-01","57–85","","1","57","","","Ideologies and Social Revolutions","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1985 The University of Chicago Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VUP3Q23S","journalArticle","2015","Grabel, Ilene; Gallagher, Kevin P.","‘Capital controls and the global financial crisis: An introduction’","Review of International Political Economy","","0969-2290","10.1080/09692290.2014.931873","http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09692290.2014.931873","","2015-01-02","2015-04-12 17:40:22","2015-04-12 17:40:22","2015-04-12 17:40:22","1-6","","1","22","","","‘Capital controls and the global financial crisis","","","","","","","","","","","","Taylor and Francis+NEJM","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Grabel_Gallagher_2015_(‘Capital controls and the global financial crisis).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VUZMMIA2","journalArticle","2011","Bigo, Didier; Madsen, Mikael R.","A Different Reading of the International","International Political Sociology","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","","219–224","","3","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VVEAER8Z","journalArticle","2011","Kangas, Anni","Beyond Russophobia A practice-based interpretation of Finnish–Russian/Soviet relations","Cooperation and Conflict","","","","http://cac.sagepub.com/content/46/1/40","The article offers a practice-based analysis of Finland's relationships with Russia. It works on the basis of ideas that have been presented in conjunction with the so-called practice and pragmatist turns in international relations. After identifying three key schools of thought in previous research on Finnish–Russian relations – primordialist, instrumentalist and identity-based – the article moves on to give a practice turn inspired account of the ways in which the proximity of Russia was dealt with in Finland during the inter-war period. Combining insights from the work of Pierre Bourdieu and Charles S. Peirce, it introduces a research design built with the help of such analytical tools as the doubt-belief model of social action, relational properties and fields. These tools are then applied on research materials that comprise Finnish parliamentary documents and political cartoons. The materials are argued to be particularly well suited for attempts to apply practice insights in actual research, as they simultaneously function as embodiments of meaningful patterns of social and political activity and actively correlate with the urgencies of the contexts in which they appear.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2013-01-31","40–59","","1","46","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","Finnish–Russian relations; political cartoons; practice theory","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VVJ2WJZA","journalArticle","2010","Farrell, Henry; Newman, Abraham L.","Making global markets: Historical institutionalism in international political economy","Review of International Political Economy","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09692291003723672","ABSTRACT As dramatically evidenced by the global financial crisis, the interaction of domestic regulatory systems has significant international consequences. Nevertheless, these relationships have received only limited attention from international relations scholars. This special issue, therefore, provides a detailed examination of international market regulation ? the processes through which the domestic regulatory activities of states and other actors set the effective rules of internationally-exposed markets. To this end, we borrow and extend on arguments developed by historical institutionalists in comparative politics and American political development. In particular, the contributions adapt two mechanisms ? policy feedbacks and relative sequencing ? to explain state and bureaucratic preferences over international market regulation as well as bargaining strength in relevant negotiations. In addition to contributing to central IPE debates about international economic governance, the individual contributions shed light on a number of important empirical domains such as corporate accounting, intellectual property, pharmaceuticals, hedge funds, and financial market standardization.","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","","609–638","","4","17","","","Making global markets","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VVQINCBH","journalArticle","1995","Keohane, Robert O.; Martin, Lisa L.","The Promise of Institutionalist Theory","International Security","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2539214","","1995","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2012-05-05","39–51","","1","20","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VVTKQ7DW","journalArticle","2012","Bellin, Eva","Reconsidering the robustness of authoritarianism in the Middle East: Lessons from the Arab Spring","Comparative Politics","","","","http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/cuny/cp/2012/00000044/00000002/art00002","","2012","2015-07-16 09:05:14","2015-07-16 09:05:14","2015-07-16 09:05:14","127–149","","2","44","","","Reconsidering the robustness of authoritarianism in the Middle East","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VVXI5ZSS","journalArticle","2015","Cheon, Andrew","The Organizational Roots of the Global Expansion of National Oil Companies","IPES Working Paper","","","","","National oil companies (NOCs) have evolved beyond vestiges of an era of resource nationalism and assumed an international presence. Given that managing expensive and risky investments can be a tall task for generally inefficient NOCs, what explains the varying propensity of gov- ernments to allow their NOCs to invest abroad? Instead of directly refuting existing neorealist and liberal explanations, I seek to shift the debate towards problems of governance in the energy sector. I argue that the willingness of governments to restrain NOC investments depends on the presence of fragmented national institutions, whereas their ability to do so depends on a cen- tralized energy sector. When the energy sector is also fragmented, governed by multiple entities with overlapping jurisdictions, NOCs can exploit coordination problems among them to escape scrutiny for their investments. To test this argument, I statistically examine oil and gas assets purchases and joint ventures of 78 NOC countries spanning 2000-2012 using a random effects negative binomial model. In one estimate, I find that an additional unit of national checks is as- sociated with a 26% decrease in the incidence of investments among countries with centralized energy sectors. No such association is found among countries with fragmented energy sectors.","2015","2015-12-14 23:37:36","2015-12-14 23:38:22","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Cheon_2015_(The Organizational Roots of the Global Expansion of National Oil Companies).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VWFE8HME","conferencePaper","2010","Kwak, H.; Lee, C.; Park, H.; Moon, S.","What is Twitter, a social network or a news media?","Proceedings of the 19th international conference on World wide web","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","","591–600","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VWI2FHXR","journalArticle","2015","Sen, Neelanjan; Biswas, Rajit","Trade Negotiations under Alternative Bargaining Structure","Economics & Politics","","1468-0343","10.1111/ecpo.12067","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ecpo.12067/abstract","We build a bargaining model, in which a country (leader) decides whether or not to form a free trade agreement with other nations (followers), either through a sequential or a multilateral bargaining procedure. Unlike Aghion et al. (, Journal of International Economics, 73, 1–30), in our specification of multilateral bargaining, the leader can collude with all those follower countries who agree to its offer. This has important implications for the choice of sequential and multilateral bargaining by the leader in presence of coalition externalities. Moreover, this bargaining procedure ensures that “stumbling block” equilibrium will never occur.","2015-08-01","2015-08-24 16:05:59","2015-08-24 16:05:59","2015-08-24 16:05:59","n/a-n/a","","","","","Econ Polit","","","","","","","","en","© 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Sen_Biswas_2015_(Trade Negotiations under Alternative Bargaining Structure).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VWR6395T","journalArticle","1993","Olson, Mancur","Dictatorship, Democracy, and Development","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2938736","Under anarchy, uncoordinated competitive theft by ""roving bandits"" destroys the incentive to invest and produce, leaving little for either the population or the bandits. Both can be better off if a bandit sets himself up as a dictator–a ""stationary bandit"" who monopolizes and rationalizes theft in the form of taxes. A secure autocrat has an encompassing interest in his domain that leads him to provide a peaceful order and other public goods that increase productivity. Whenever an autocrat expects a brief tenure, it pays him to confiscate those assets whose tax yield over his tenure is less than their total value. This incentive plus the inherent uncertainty of succession in dictatorships imply that autocracies will rarely have good economic performance for more than a generation. The conditions necessary for a lasting democracy are the same necessary for the security of property and contract rights that generates economic growth.","1993","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2012-05-18","567–576","","3","87","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VXAAMMWS","journalArticle","2006","Brady, Henry E.; Collier, David; Seawright, Jason","Toward a Pluralistic Vision of Methodology","Political Analysis","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/25791861","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2013-03-04","353–368","","3","14","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2006 Society for Political Methodology","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VXCW3V2Q","book","1976","Nachmias, David; Nachmias, Chava","Research Methods in the Social Sciences","","","","","","","1976","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:25:27","","","","","","","","","","","","","St. Martin's Press","New York","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VXHS8ZV3","journalArticle","1998","Markusen, James R.; Venables, Anthony J.","Multinational firms and the new trade theory","Journal of international economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022199697000524","","1998","2013-10-10 12:55:47","2013-10-10 12:55:47","2013-10-10 12:55:47","183–203","","2","46","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Firms; Trade","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VXQS5F6J","journalArticle","2006","Blaydes, Lisa","Rewarding Impatience Revisited: A Response to Goodrich","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/production/action/cjoGetFulltext?fulltextid=430738","","2006","2013-10-10 12:53:05","2013-10-10 13:14:10","2013-10-10 12:53:05","515","","2","60","","","Rewarding Impatience'Revisited","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VZ6IHE5M","report","2003","Helpman, Elhanan; Melitz, Marc J.; Yeaple, Stephen R.","Export versus FDI","","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w9439","","2003","2013-10-20 12:26:37","2013-10-20 12:26:37","2013-10-20 12:26:37","","","","","","","","","","","","National Bureau of Economic Research","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2003/Helpman et al_2003_(Export versus FDI).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VZD4NBJP","journalArticle","2008","Vrasti, Wanda","The Strange Case of Ethnography and International Relations","Millennium - Journal of International Studies","","","","http://mil.sagepub.com/content/37/2/279","Over the past couple of decades a growing number of International Relations (IR) scholars have adapted and adopted ethnographic research and writing modes, hoping that ethnography would introduce an emancipatory research agenda and refurbish the discipline's parochial vestiges. This article discusses the promising and problematic implications of this move. It argues that the `ethnographic turn' in IR ignores recent anthropological literature on the topic and employs a selective and often instrumental notion of what ethnography is and does. By reviewing some of the most prominent ethnographic contributions made by feminist and social constructivist authors, this article demonstrates that, in international relations, the complexity of ethnography has been reduced to (1) an empiricist data-collection machine, (2) a writing style, or (3) a theoretical sensibility. However, this intervention also hopes to encourage students of global politics to rewrite international relations from an ethnographical stance and take full advantage of ethnography's radical promise.","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2013-01-31","279–301","","2","37","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","cultural anthropology; ethnography; feminism; international relations theory; social constructivism","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VZF7VRX7","journalArticle","2015","Schnellenbach, Jan; Schubert, Christian","Behavioral political economy: A survey","European Journal of Political Economy","","0176-2680","10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2015.05.002","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0176268015000555","In explaining individual behavior in politics, economists should rely on the same motivational assumptions they use to explain behavior in the market: That is what Political Economy, understood as the application of economics to the study of political processes, is all about. In its standard variant, individuals who play the game of politics should also be considered rational and self-interested, unlike the benevolent despot of traditional welfare economics. History repeats itself with the rise of behavioral economics: Assuming cognitive biases to be present in the market, but not in politics, behavioral economists often call for government to intervene in a “benevolent” way. Recently, however, political economists have started to apply behavioral economics insights to the study of political processes, thereby re-establishing a unified methodology. This paper surveys the current state of the emerging field of “Behavioral Political Economy” and considers the scope for further research.","2015","2015-05-21 12:56:29","2015-05-21 12:56:40","2015-05-21 12:56:29","","","","","","European Journal of Political Economy","Behavioral political economy","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Schnellenbach_Schubert_2015_(Behavioral political economy).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "VZZ46GFG","journalArticle","2013","Nunn, Nathan; Trefler, Daniel","Incomplete contracts and the boundaries of the multinational firm","Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization","","01672681","10.1016/j.jebo.2012.10.004","http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0167268112002090","","2013-10","2014-09-29 02:15:10","2014-09-29 02:15:10","2014-09-29 02:15:10","330-344","","","94","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Nunn_Trefler_2013_(Incomplete contracts and the boundaries of the multinational firm).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W2MXRJ8W","report","2010","Espinoza, Raphael A.; Prasad, A.; Williams, Oral H.","Regional Financial Integration in the GCC","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1586679","We investigate the extent of regional financial integration in the member countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council. The limited volume data available suggests that regional integration is non-negligible. Bahrain and Kuwait investments especially are oriented towards the region. The development of stock markets in the region will also improve the extent of financial integration. Interest rate data shows that convergence exists and that interest rate differentials are relatively short-lived-especially compared to the ECCU, another emerging market region sharing a common currency. Equities data using cross-listed stocks confirms that stock markets are fairly integrated compared to other emerging market regions, although financial integration is hampered by market illiquidity.","2010-04-01","2015-08-24 18:16:24","2015-08-24 18:16:24","2015-08-24 18:16:24","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Espinoza et al_2010_(Regional Financial Integration in the GCC).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 1586679","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W2S8CH86","journalArticle","2011","Cranmer, S. J.; Desmarais, B. A.","Inferential Network Analysis with Exponential Random Graph Models","Political Analysis","","1047-1987, 1476-4989","10.1093/pan/mpq037","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/doi/10.1093/pan/mpq037","","2011-01-01","2015-06-20 10:58:10","2015-06-20 10:58:10","2015-06-20 10:58:10","66-86","","1","19","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Cranmer_Desmarais_2011_(Inferential Network Analysis with Exponential Random Graph Models).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W33ZUHGT","journalArticle","1998","Drake, C. J. M.","The role of ideology in terrorists’ target selection","Terrorism and Political Violence","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09546559808427457","","1998","2012-09-18 17:46:20","2012-09-18 17:46:20","2012-09-18 17:46:20","53–85","","2","10","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W3MPXXMA","journalArticle","2007","Schatz, R. T.; Lavine, H.","Waving the Flag: National Symbolism, Social Identity, and Political Engagement*","Political Psychology","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","","329–355","","3","28","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W44Z2J7C","journalArticle","1997","Guzman, Andrew T.","Why LDCs sign treaties that hurt them: Explaining the popularity of bilateral investment treaties","Virginia Journal of International Law","","","","http://heinonlinebackup.com/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/vajint38§ion=30","","1997","2014-10-31 13:45:29","2014-10-31 13:53:00","2014-10-31 13:45:29","639","","","38","","","Why LDCs sign treaties that hurt them","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1997/Guzman_1997_(Why LDCs sign treaties that hurt them).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W47HPMHD","journalArticle","2000","Simmons, Beth A.","International Law and State Behavior: Commitment and Compliance in International Monetary Affairs","American Political Science Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2586210","Why do sovereign governments make international legal commitments, and what effect does international law have on state behavior? Very little empirical research tries to answer these questions in a systematic way. This article examines patterns of commitment to and compliance with international monetary law. I consider the signal governments try to send by committing themselves through international legal commitments, and I argue that reputational concerns explain patterns of compliance. One of the most important findings is that governments commit to and comply with legal obligations if other countries in their region do so. Competitive market forces, rather than overt policy pressure from the International Monetary Fund, are the most likely ""enforcement"" mechanism. Legal commitment has an extremely positive effect on governments that have recently removed restrictive policies, which indicates a desire to reestablish a reputation for compliance.","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2012-05-05","819–835","","4","94","","","International Law and State Behavior","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W48BI44T","journalArticle","2012","Klofstad, Casey A.; Sokhey, Anand Edward; McClurg, Scott D.","Disagreeing about Disagreement: How Conflict in Social Networks Affects Political Behavior","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2012.00620.x/abstract","At the center of debates on deliberative democracy is the issue of how much deliberation citizens experience in their social networks. These “disagreements about disagreement” come in a variety of forms, with scholars advocating different empirical approaches (e.g., Huckfeldt, Johnson, and Sprague 2004; Mutz 2006) and coming to different substantive conclusions. We address these discrepancies by going back to the basics: investigating the consequences of conceptual and measurement differences for key findings relating interpersonal political disagreement to political attitudes and behaviors. Drawing on the 2008–2009 ANES panel study, we find evidence that different measures of disagreement have distinct effects when it comes to individuals' preferences, patterns of engagement, and propensities to participate. We discuss the implications for the study of social influence; as interpersonal disagreement can mean different things, scholars should think carefully about how to study it and should exercise caution when making pronouncements about its empirical and democratic consequences.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2012-11-16","no–no","","","","","","Disagreeing about Disagreement","","","","","","","en","\copyright2012, Midwest Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W4X4UNER","journalArticle","2005","Isham, Jonathan; Pritchett, Lant; Woolcock, Michael; Busby, Gwen","The Varieties of the Rentier Experience: How Natural Resource Endowments and Social Institutions Affect Economic Growth","World Bank Economic Review","","","","https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=The+varieties+of+the+rentier+experience%3A+how+natural+resource+export+structures+affect+the+political+economy+of+growth&btnG=&hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C9","","2005","2015-07-16 09:37:20","2015-07-16 09:38:02","","141-174","","2","19","","","The Varieties of the Rentier Experience","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W5HSJQ33","journalArticle","2005","Koremenos, Barbara","Contracting around International Uncertainty","American Political Science Review","","1537-5943","10.1017/S0003055405051877","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0003055405051877","International cooperation is plagued by uncertainty. Although states negotiate the best agreements possible using available information, unpredictable things happen after agreements are signed that are beyond states' control. States may not even commit themselves to an agreement if they anticipate that circumstances will alter their expected benefits. Duration provisions can insure states in this context. Specifically, the use of finite duration depends positively on the degree of uncertainty and states' relative risk aversion and negatively on the cost. These formally derived hypotheses strongly survive a test with data on a random sample of agreements across all four of the major issue areas in international relations. Not only do the results, highlighting evidence on multiple kinds of flexibility provisions, strongly suggest that the design of international agreements is systematic and sophisticated; but also they call attention to common ground among various subfields of political science and law.","2005-11","2014-12-01 17:57:03","2014-12-01 17:57:23","2014-12-01 17:57:03","549–565","","4","99","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2005/Koremenos_2005_(Contracting around International Uncertainty).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W5NAQT42","journalArticle","1993","Morrow, James D.","Arms Versus Allies: Trade-Offs in the Search for Security","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2706889","Nations have two methods of increasing their security: building arms and forming alliances. Both methods present different political costs that must be incurred to raise security. Building arms requires shifting economic resources to the military. Forming alliances requires abandoning interests that conflict with those of the ally. Each of these strategies produces domestic opposition. A nation's response to a threat to its security must weigh the relative attractiveness of arms versus allies, both in terms of their effects on internal politics and on their external benefits. Three cases are examined in the light of this argument. The response of Austria and France to the unification of Germany in the 1860s is the central case. Theories of alliance formation based on neorealism and the offense-defense balance predict that Austria and France should have allied against the mutual threat of Prussia. This article argues that they did not form an alliance because arming separately presented lower political costs. World Wars I and II likewise are analyzed from the perspective of the argument above.","1993","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2012-05-05","207–233","","2","47","","","Arms Versus Allies","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W5U8J9TC","bookSection","2009","Wyciszkiewicz, Ernest","From August War to January Gas Row: Implications for Post-Soviet Energy Landscape","Geopolitics of pipelines : energy interdependence and inter-state relations in the post-Soviet area","","","","","","2009","2012-05-16 15:37:12","2014-09-04 20:27:30","","173-188","","","","","","","","","","","The Polish Institute for International Affairs","Warsaw","","","","","","","","","","","","Energy policy – Former Soviet republics.; Energy policy – Russia (Federation); Former Soviet republics – Relations\textbarzRussia (Federation); Russia (Federation) – Relations\textbarzFormer Soviet republics.","Energy policy -- Former Soviet republics.; Energy policy -- Russia (Federation); Former Soviet republics -- Relations|zRussia (Federation); Russia (Federation) -- Relations|zFormer Soviet republics.","Wyciszkiewicz, Ernest","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W6CGC27P","journalArticle","2002","Pollack, Kenneth M.","Next Stop Baghdad?","Foreign Affairs","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/20033082","What should the United States do about Iraq? Hawks are wrong to think the problem is desperately urgent or connected to terrorism, but right to see the prospect of a nuclear-armed Saddam Hussein as so worrisome that it requires drastic action. Doves are right about Iraq's not being a good candidate for an Afghan-style war, but wrong to think that inspections and deterrence alone can contain Saddam. The United States has no choice left but to invade Iraq itself and eliminate the current regime.","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2012-08-30","32–47","","2","81","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W6FUJH6S","journalArticle","2015","Caselli, Francesco; Morelli, Massimo; Rohner, Dominic","The Geography of Interstate Resource Wars","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","0033-5533, 1531-4650","10.1093/qje/qju038","http://qje.oxfordjournals.org/content/130/1/267","We establish a theoretical and empirical framework to assess the role of resource endowments and their geographic location in interstate conflict. The main predictions of the theory are that conflict is more likely when at least one country has natural resources, when the resources in the resource-endowed country are closer to the border, and, in the case where both countries have natural resources, when the resources are located asymmetrically vis-à-vis the border. We test these predictions on a novel data set featuring oilfield distances from bilateral borders. The empirical analysis shows that the presence and location of oil are significant and quantitatively important predictors of interstate conflicts after World War II. JEL Codes: C23, D74, F51, H56, Q34.","2015-02-01","2015-02-27 22:40:07","2015-02-27 22:40:07","2015-02-27 22:40:07","267-315","","1","130","","The Quarterly Journal of Economics","","","","","","","","en","","","","","qje.oxfordjournals.org","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Caselli et al_2015_(The Geography of Interstate Resource Wars).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W6J85U6B","journalArticle","2014","Lipscy, Phillip Y.","Explaining Institutional Change: Policy Areas, Outside Options, and the Bretton Woods Institutions","American Journal of Political Science","","1540-5907","10.1111/ajps.12130","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ajps.12130/abstract","I propose and test a theoretical framework that explains institutional change in international relations. Like firms in markets, international institutions are affected by the underlying characteristics of their policy areas. Some policy areas are prone to produce institutions facing relatively little competition, limiting the outside options of member states and impeding redistributive change. In comparison, institutions facing severe competition will quickly reflect changes in underlying state interests and power. To test the theory empirically, I exploit common features of the Bretton Woods institutions—the International Monetary Fund and World Bank—to isolate the effect of variation in policy area characteristics. The empirical tests show that, despite having identical membership and internal rules, bargaining outcomes in the Bretton Woods institutions have diverged sharply and in accordance with the theory.","2014-09-01","2014-09-19 15:46:27","2014-11-22 22:23:33","2014-09-19 15:46:27","","","","","","American Journal of Political Science","Explaining Institutional Change","","","","","","","en","© 2014, Midwest Political Science Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Lipscy_2014_(Explaining Institutional Change).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W7ANB4AU","journalArticle","1956","DeNovo, John A.","The movement for an aggressive American oil policy abroad, 1918-1920","The American Historical Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/1848821","","1956","2013-10-10 12:46:28","2013-10-10 12:46:28","2013-10-10 12:46:28","854–876","","4","61","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W7EAFKDC","journalArticle","1992","Maskin, Eric; Tirole, Jean","The principal-agent relationship with an informed principal, II: Common values","Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2951674","","1992","2015-03-18 03:09:49","2015-03-18 03:11:26","2015-03-18 03:09:49","1–42","","1","60","","","The principal-agent relationship with an informed principal, II","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1992/Maskin_Tirole_1992_(The principal-agent relationship with an informed principal, II).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W7G7RUFA","journalArticle","2005","Ingram, Paul; Robinson, Jeffrey; Busch, Marc L.","The Intergovernmental Network of World Trade: IGO Connectedness, Governance, and Embeddedness","American Journal of Sociology","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/497350","Membership in certain intergovernmental organizations (IGOs), such as the World Trade Organization, has long been argued to stimulate trade. Yet, evidence linking IGOs to trade is mixed. The authors argue that identifying the influence of IGOs requires attention not only to the institutions IGOs enact, but also to the network through which they enact them. This approach allows them to demonstrate that trade between two countries increases by an average of 58% with every doubling of the strength of IGO connection between the countries. They also contribute to debates regarding the mechanisms through which structural relationships influence economic behavior by showing that substantial trade benefits occur not only through economic IGOs, but also through IGOs that were formed for social and cultural purposes, and that connections through IGOs that are organizationally strong have more impact than those through minimalist IGOs.","2005","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2012-09-20","824–858","","3","111","","","The Intergovernmental Network of World Trade","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2005 The University of Chicago Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W7IVRRJ5","journalArticle","2004","Fredriksson, Per G; Millimet, Daniel L","Comparative politics and environmental taxation","Journal of Environmental Economics and Management","","0095-0696","10.1016/j.jeem.2003.10.001","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0095069603001207","In this paper, we take a step towards understanding the role of democratic institutions on the level of pollution taxation. Persson et al. (J. Polit. Economy 108 (2000) 1121) argue that presidential–congressional regimes set lower taxes than parliamentary regimes. This conclusion results from the checks and balances built into the former, and the higher degree of legislative cohesion in the latter. We test this prediction on gasoline and diesel prices using the method of propensity score matching along with data from 86 democratic countries. The empirical evidence is consonant with the theory: we find that ceteris paribus the average price of super gasoline is $0.14–$0.20 less per liter in presidential–congressional systems; the average price of diesel gasoline is $0.11–$0.14 less per liter.","2004-07","2015-04-12 18:27:28","2015-04-12 18:27:28","2015-04-12 18:27:28","705-722","","1","48","","Journal of Environmental Economics and Management","","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2004/Fredriksson_Millimet_2004_(Comparative politics and environmental taxation).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W7RX3QKJ","journalArticle","2012","Ekbladh, D.","Present at the Creation: Edward Mead Earle and the Depression-Era Origins of Security Studies","International Security","","","","http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/ISEC_a_00067","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2013-01-09","107–141","","3","36","","","Present at the Creation","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W7XZ5586","report","2012","Martin, John D.; Ramsey, J. Douglas; Titman, Sheridan; Lake, Larry W.","A Primer on the Economics of Shale Gas Production: Just how Cheap is Shale Gas?","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2033238","Dramatic claims have been made about the effect of shale gas discoveries in the continental U.S. on the country’s energy needs. However, several industry experts question the estimated volume of recoverable reserves as well as the economic viability of producing them at current market prices for natural gas. In this paper we develop a model to explore the economics of shale gas production and calibrate it to a gas well located in the Haynesville shale. We generalize the model using sensitivity and simulation analysis to identify the bounds of economic feasibility for producing shale gas. Our results suggest that shale gas production at current price levels is marginal and the prospect for an energy game changer resulting from the development and production of the US shale gas reserves may be in jeopardy if the value drivers do not improve (i.e., gas prices increase or production costs decline).","2012-04-03","2015-05-29 10:14:53","2015-05-29 10:14:53","2015-05-29 10:14:53","","","","","","","A Primer on the Economics of Shale Gas Production","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Martin et al_2012_(A Primer on the Economics of Shale Gas Production).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2033238","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W899RNHA","journalArticle","1999","Oatley, Thomas","How Constraining is Capital Mobility? The Partisan Hypothesis in an Open Economy","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2991815","A growing literature argues that international financial integration has eliminated the possibility for distinct partisan macroeconomic strategies. I test this hypothesis by reformulating the partisan hypothesis in an open-economy context and conducting pooled time-series analysis of budget balances, real interest rates, and capital controls for fourteen OECD countries between 1970 and 1994. The analysis provides little evidence that financial integration has eliminated distinct partisan macroeconomic policies. Under fixed exchange rates leftist governments run larger deficits than rightist governments and use capital controls to reduce interest rate premia. Under floating exchange rates leftist governments pursue looser monetary policies than rightist governments. While partisan distinctions do weaken in the 1990s in countries with fixed exchange rates, this is attributed to the recession of the early 1990s and to important institutional changes in the European Union. International financial integration, therefore, does not prevent governments from pursuing distinct partisan macroeconomic policies.","1999","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2013-02-12","1003–1027","","4","43","","","How Constraining is Capital Mobility?","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1999 Midwest Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W8G8WP5R","journalArticle","2015","Ashworth, Scott; Berry, Christopher R.; Bueno de Mesquita, Ethan","All Else Equal in Theory and Data (Big or Small)","PS: Political Science & Politics","","1537-5935","10.1017/S1049096514001802","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1049096514001802","","2015-01","2015-02-23 19:06:56","2015-07-16 11:24:26","2015-02-23 19:06:56","89–94","","01","48","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Ashworth et al_2015_(All Else Equal in Theory and Data (Big or Small)).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W8S6ZNWR","journalArticle","2010","Hymans, Jacques E.C","The arrival of psychological constructivism","International Theory","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","","461–467","","03","2","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W8T7JF6F","book","1984","Vietor, Richard H. K.","Energy policy in America since 1945: a study of business/government relations","","0521266580","","","","","1984","2013-10-10 12:25:23","2013-10-11 10:22:17","","","363","","","","","Energy policy in America since 1945","Studies in economic history and policy","","","","Cambridge University Press","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD9502.U52 V53 1984","","","","","Energy","United States","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W92MS92V","book","2003","Przeworski, Adam","States and markets: a primer in political economy","","052182804X","","","","","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2014-09-04 18:31:40","","","","","","","","States and markets","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge","","","","","","","","LCCN: HD87 .P79 2003","","","","Capitalism; decision making; Economic policy; Economics","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W9768V6G","journalArticle","1975","Kindleberger, Charles Poor","The rise of free trade in Western Europe, 1820-1875","The Journal of Economic History","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/2119154","","1975","2013-11-15 10:58:45","2013-11-15 10:58:45","2013-11-15 10:58:45","20–55","","1","35","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W99J76MH","report","2014","Park, Stephen","Guarding the Guardians: The Case for Regulating State-Owned Financial Entities in Global Finance","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2430029","Amidst the expansion of cross-border financial regulation, conspicuously missing from recent scholarly inquiries is the question of how institutions owned and controlled by governments, such as central banks, international financial institutions, and sovereign wealth funds, should be regulated in their capacities as market participants. The growth of state-owned entities, coupled with the integral role of domestic and supranational regulators in promulgating, monitoring, and enforcing international financial rules, highlights a reversal of roles in the traditional regulatory framework — when governments as regulators become regulated subjects. This Article considers the legal and policy implications of this phenomenon by examining the application of the competing legal doctrines that govern this dynamic: extraterritorial application of domestic regulation versus the privileges and immunities under international law afforded to entities owned by a foreign government or multiple governments. The relative dearth of bright-line rules and the opaque nature of coordination mechanisms provide flexibility to regulators seeking to determine how to treat state-owned entities, but may also undermine the legitimacy of global financial regulation. As a case study, this Article examines the regulation of international financial institutions under the Dodd-Frank Act. To address the functional and normative shortcomings of the international financial architecture, I outline a global governance framework based on international comity to address the unique and wide-ranging implications of governments in the market.","2014-07-25","2015-02-27 23:26:09","2015-02-27 23:26:09","2015-02-27 23:26:09","","","","","","","Guarding the Guardians","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Park_2014_(Guarding the Guardians).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2430029","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W9QERFQB","journalArticle","2013","Michel, Torsten","When One World Is Not Enough: Patrick Jackson's The Conduct of Inquiry as a Narrative of IR Meta-Theory","Millennium - Journal of International Studies","","","","http://mil.sagepub.com/content/41/2/270","This article evaluates Patrick Jackson's recent book The Conduct of Inquiry in International Relations. Jackson delivers a thoughtful and timely contribution to meta-theoretical debates in International Relations by highlighting the diverse landscape of incompatible philosophico-ontological positions. Specifically discussing the practical pay-offs of Jackson's taxonomy, the article, though generally sympathetic to Jackson's account, argues that he overlooks three interconnected areas: the myth-historical character of `International Relations', the semantic heterogeneity or polysemy of his taxonomical categories, and the scope and nature of translation necessary to sustain his suggested methodological pluralism. These shortcomings question the stability and practical usefulness of his taxonomy and call for a more versatile, less static delineation of philosophico-ontological positions and an embrace of a plurality rather than a pluralism in International Relations meta-theory.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2013-03-04","270–289","","2","41","","","When One World Is Not Enough","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","International Relations meta-theory; Methodology; ontology","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W9RK2WUQ","journalArticle","2011","Betts, Richard K.; Desch, Michael C.; Feaver, Peter D.","Civilians, Soldiers, and the Iraq Surge Decision","International Security","","","","http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ISEC_c_00070","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2013-01-09","179–199","","3","36","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W9SX5ZG7","journalArticle","2006","Felbab-Brown, Vanda","Kicking the opium habit?: Afghanistan's drug economy and politics since the 1980s","Conflict, Security & Development","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14678800600739135","Four misconceptions plague the efforts of the Afghan government and the international community to succeeding in weaning Afghanistan off its narcotics economy. The first myth is that the explosion of opium poppy cultivation in Afghanistan is a new phenomenon emerging from the fall of the Taliban. The second misconception is that if the Taliban regime had remained in power, given its religious fervour, it would have extirpated the illicit economy. The third misconception is that the warlords sponsoring the illicit economy gain only immense financial profits and weapons from the drug trade, a notion that critically ignores the significant political capital that they also reap from such involvement. The final myth and the most dangerous for efforts to cement progress in Afghanistan is that large-scale eradication of the opium crop is the quickest and most effective way to stabilize the country. Only massive economic investment in Afghanistan and wise patience not to demand immediate visible measures of `the success' of counter-narcotics policies can produce a decrease in Afghanistan's illicit economy that it is truly durable and not politically destabilizing.","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2012-09-06","127–149","","2","6","","","Kicking the opium habit?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "W9TH8FHD","journalArticle","2008","Bas, Muhammet Ali; Signorino, Curtis S.; Walker, Robert W.","Statistical Backwards Induction: A Simple Method for Estimating Recursive Strategic Models","Political Analysis","","1047-1987, 1476-4989","10.1093/pan/mpm029","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/content/16/1/21","We present a simple method for estimating regressions based on recursive extensive-form games. Our procedure, which can be implemented in most standard statistical packages, involves sequentially estimating standard logits (or probits) in a manner analogous to backwards induction. We demonstrate that the technique produces consistent parameter estimates and show how to calculate consistent standard errors. To illustrate the method, we replicate Leblang's (2003) study of speculative attacks by financial markets and government responses to these attacks.","2008-12-21","2015-03-03 17:17:01","2015-03-03 17:17:01","2015-03-03 17:17:01","21-40","","1","16","","Political Analysis","Statistical Backwards Induction","","","","","","","en","","","","","pan.oxfordjournals.org","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Bas et al_2008_(Statistical Backwards Induction)2.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WA4PRCEX","journalArticle","2011","Hanrieder, Tine","The false promise of the better argument","International Theory","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","","390–415","","03","3","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WA4ZPCVW","journalArticle","2014","Liou, Yu-Ming; Musgrave, Paul","Refining the Oil Curse: Country-Level Evidence From Exogenous Variations in Resource Income","Comparative Political Studies","","0010-4140, 1552-3829","10.1177/0010414013512607","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/47/11/1584","Is there a resource curse? Some scholars argue that resource income is associated with slower transitions to democracy; others contend that the negative effects of resources are conditional on factors such as institutional quality. To test these competing hypotheses, this article exploits the price spike caused by the 1973 oil embargo, which transformed several countries with latent oil industries into resource-reliant states. Our quasi-experimental research design allows for better identification of causation than the associational approaches common in the literature. We use the method of synthetic controls to compare the political development of states that received resource-derived revenue with how these states would have behaved in a counterfactual world without such revenue. We find that there is little evidence that a resource curse systematically prevents democratization or that institutional quality alone determines outcomes. Nevertheless, resource income meaningfully affects outcomes and even contributes to democratization in some instances.","2014-09-01","2014-11-24 00:47:56","2015-01-21 23:18:05","2014-11-24 00:47:56","1584-1610","","11","47","","Comparative Political Studies","","","","","","","","en","","","","","cps.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Liou_Musgrave_2014_(Refining the Oil Curse Country-Level Evidence From Exogenous Variations in).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WAGTN4VB","journalArticle","2015","Patty, John W.; Penn, Elizabeth Maggie","Analyzing Big Data: Social Choice and Measurement","PS: Political Science & Politics","","1537-5935","10.1017/S1049096514001814","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1049096514001814","","2015-01","2015-02-23 19:06:52","2015-02-23 19:06:52","2015-02-23 19:06:52","95–101","","01","48","","","Analyzing Big Data","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Patty_Penn_2015_(Analyzing Big Data).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WAZVWMQE","journalArticle","1977","Harsanyi, John C.","Morality and the theory of rational behavior","Social Research","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/40971169","","1977","2015-03-16 16:54:13","2015-03-16 16:56:32","2015-03-16 16:54:13","623–656","","4","44","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1977/Harsanyi_1977_(Morality and the theory of rational behavior).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WB5W7JZD","journalArticle","2011","Balding, Christopher","A re-examination of the relation between democracy and international trade","The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09638190903159457","Scholars and policy makers believe that democracy will bring prosperity through integration into the global economy via increased international trade. Existing research is plagued by methodological problems that obscure the empirics and avoid the theoretical problem of why democracies may or may not trade more. In this paper, I seek to correct these shortcomings. I test two theories as to why democracies might trade more. First, political freedom may be correlated with economic freedom, thus prompting higher levels of economic activity, thereby driving states to trade more. Second, democracy implies higher quality governance either through institutions or policy making procedures. To test the impact of democracy on trade and the potential transmission mechanisms, I utilize a bilateral gravity trade model covering approximately 150 countries from 1950 to 1999, with fixed effects for time, importers, and exporters. I find the theory that democracy, and many of its components, promotes international trade unconvincing. The coefficients are the theoretically correct sign; however, many are statistically or economically insignificant and fragile to changes in modeling or data. Economic freedom does not have the expected impact on international trade levels, but quality of governance variables have broad economic and statistical significance.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2013-01-24","585–603","","5","20","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WB7NV785","journalArticle","1999","Green, S.","Book Review: John Gerard Ruggie, Constructing the World Polity: Essays on International Institutionalization (London: Routledge, 1998, 312 pp., 55.00 hbk.)","Millennium - Journal of International Studies","","","","","","1999","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","","213–215","","1","28","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WBSPIZ5Q","journalArticle","1989","Bina, Cyrus","Competition, control and price formation in the international energy industry","Energy Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0140988389900200","","1989","2015-05-05 10:17:42","2015-05-05 10:17:42","2015-05-05 10:17:42","162–168","","3","11","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WBUVSUMX","journalArticle","1998","Vasconcellos, Geraldo M.; Kish, Richard J.","Cross-border mergers and acquisitions: the European–US experience","Journal of Multinational Financial Management","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1042444X98000413","","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2013-03-15","431–450","","4","8","","","Cross-border mergers and acquisitions","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WBW3C72Q","bookSection","2012","Stevens, Paul","Kuwait Petroleum Corporation (KPC): An Enterprise in Gridlock","Oil and Governance: State-owned enterprises and the world energy supply","","","","http://books.google.ca/books?hl=en&lr=&id=pBuV5z_hnngC&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&dq=Oil+and+governance:+state-owned+enterprises+and+the+world+energy+supply&ots=I_gTiZv4wM&sig=HGYZv7fPFHPpdXOQOFeMUmYgivE","","2012","2015-06-24 11:01:44","2015-06-24 11:02:25","2013-10-09 21:09:46","334-371","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge, UK","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Stevens_2012_(Kuwait Petroleum Corporation (KPC)).pdf","","Energy","","Victor, David G.; Hults, David R.; Thurber, Mark C.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WC2EIGIF","magazineArticle","2009","Silverstein, Ken","Invisible Hands","Harper's Magazine","","0017-789X","","http://harpers.org/archive/2009/03/invisible-hands/","The secret world of the oil fixer","2009-03","2014-12-13 17:56:05","2014-12-13 17:56:05","2014-12-13 17:56:05","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Harpers","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2009/Silverstein_2009_(Invisible Hands).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WC3TD25X","journalArticle","2012","Onder, Yasin Kursat","Sovereign Default & Cheap Talk","","","","","http://www.yasinkursat.com/research/sovereign%20default%20and%20cheap%20talk.pdf","","2012","2014-09-29 02:14:58","2014-09-29 02:14:58","2014-09-29 02:14:58","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Onder_2012_(Sovereign Default & Cheap Talk).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WCE6J3EM","journalArticle","2014","Hsueh, Roselyn; Jensenius, Francesca Refsum; Newsome, Akasemi","Fieldwork in Political Science: Encountering Challenges and Crafting Solutions","PS: Political Science & Politics","","1537-5935","10.1017/S1049096514000262","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1049096514000262","","2014-04","2015-02-23 19:02:21","2015-02-23 19:02:21","2015-02-23 19:02:21","391–393","","02","47","","","Fieldwork in Political Science","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Hsueh et al_2014_(Fieldwork in Political Science).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WCGAE6QX","report","2013","King, Gary; Pan, Jennifer; Roberts, Molly","A Randomized Experimental Study of Censorship in China","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2299509","Chinese government censorship of social media constitutes the largest selective suppression of human communication in the history of the world. Although existing systematic research on the subject has revealed a great deal, it is based on passive, observational methods, with well known inferential limitations. We attempt to generate more robust causal and descriptive inferences through participation and experimentation. For causal inferences, we conduct a large scale randomized experimental study by creating accounts on numerous social media sites spread throughout the country, submitting different randomly assigned types of social media texts, and detecting from a network of computers all over the world which types are censored. Then, for descriptive inferences, we supplement the current approach of confidential interviews by setting up our own social media site in China, contracting with Chinese firms to install the same censoring technologies as existing sites, and reverse engineering how it all works. Our results offer unambiguous support for, and clarification of, the emerging view that criticism of the state, its leaders, and their policies are routinely published whereas posts with collective action potential are much more likely to be censored. We are also able to clarify the internal mechanisms of the Chinese censorship apparatus and show that local social media sites have far more flexibility than was previously understood in how (but not what) they censor.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2013-09-03","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","","","","","","","China; Experiment","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2299509","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WCUT5CVA","journalArticle","1999","Horn, H.; Mavroidis, P. C.; Nordstrom, H.","Is the Use of the WTO Dispute Settlement Process Biased?","Center for Economic Policy Research Discussion Paper","","","","","","1999","2012-11-20 14:13:47","2014-09-04 20:24:06","","","","","2340","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","WTO","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WD5RA5Z6","journalArticle","2011","Hertog, Steffen","Rentier militaries in the Gulf states: the price of coup-proofing","International Journal of Middle East Studies","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0020743811000560","","2011","2015-07-16 09:45:26","2015-12-09 01:18:38","2015-07-16 09:45:26","400–402","","03","43","","","Rentier militaries in the Gulf states","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Hertog_2011_(Rentier militaries in the Gulf states).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WDEVMHT4","journalArticle","1992","Agarwal, Sanjeev; Ramaswami, Sridhar N.","Choice of foreign market entry mode: Impact of ownership, location and internalization factors","Journal of international business studies","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/154882","","1992","2014-11-04 21:03:01","2014-11-04 21:03:01","2014-11-04 21:03:01","1–27","","","","","","Choice of foreign market entry mode","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1992/Agarwal_Ramaswami_1992_(Choice of foreign market entry mode).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WDGD7IA4","journalArticle","1982","Parra, Alirio A.","The International Role and Commercial Policies of National Oil Companies*","OPEC Review","","1468-0076","10.1111/j.1468-0076.1982.tb00234.x","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-0076.1982.tb00234.x/abstract","","1982-03-01","2015-04-12 17:24:03","2015-04-12 17:24:03","2015-04-12 17:24:03","1-13","","1","6","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1982/Parra_1982_(The International Role and Commercial Policies of National Oil Companies).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WDHUGS6D","journalArticle","2014","McDermott, Rose","Research Transparency and Data Archiving for Experiments","PS: Political Science & Politics","","1537-5935","10.1017/S1049096513001741","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1049096513001741","Although still more common in medical studies and some other areas of social science such as psychology and behavioral economics, experimental work has become an increasingly important methodology in political science. Experimental work differs from other kinds of research because it systematically administers a specific treatment to part of a population while withholding that manipulation from the rest of a subject pool. The best studies strive to keep all other aspects of the experiment similar, so that any emergent difference between the treatment and control group that emerge provide unparalleled traction in determining causal inference. Many other valuable forms of social research use observation of the natural world, rather than depending on intervention to advance understanding. Because experimentalists can create the environment or process they want to study, this strategy of intervention and manipulation constitutes the main distinction between experimental work and other forms of social observation.","2014-01","2015-02-23 19:04:13","2015-02-23 19:04:13","2015-02-23 19:04:13","67–71","","01","47","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/McDermott_2014_(Research Transparency and Data Archiving for Experiments).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WDN2N4D5","journalArticle","2003","Slantchev, B. L.","The principle of convergence in wartime negotiations","American Political Science Review","","","10.1017/S0003055403000911","","","2003","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-12-31 16:29:53","","621–632","","4","97","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WDPCKHSB","journalArticle","2011","Droz-Vincent, Philippe","Authoritarianism, revolutions, armies and Arab regime transitions","The International Spectator","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03932729.2011.576168","","2011","2015-12-08 20:35:27","2015-12-08 20:35:27","2015-12-08 20:35:27","5–21","","2","46","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Droz-Vincent_2011_(Authoritarianism, revolutions, armies and Arab regime transitions).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WDPEHFV7","report","2009","Pirani, Simon; Stern, Jonathan; Yafimava, Katja","The Russo-Ukrainian gas dispute of January 2009 : a comprehensive assessment","","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2014-09-04 18:31:49","","","","","","","","","","","","","Oxford Institute for Energy Studies","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","NG 27","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WDRDNQ3G","thesis","2011","Qiu, R.","Examining the impact of soft news and social media use on political knowledge of the Chinese younger generation","","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","","","","","","","","","","","","","KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WE36ZI5B","book","2001","Warren, Mark","Democracy and association","","069105035X","","","","","2001","2012-09-06 16:21:33","2014-09-04 20:27:20","","","265","","","","","","","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton, N.J","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JC423 .W326 2001","","","","","Associations; Democracy; etc; institutions","Associations, institutions, etc","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WE3ZFWBB","journalArticle","2002","Hiscox, M. J.; Kastner, S. L.","A General Measure of Trade Policy Orientations: Gravity-Model-Based Estimates for 82 Nations, 1960 to 1992","Draft available at: http://www. people. fas. harvard. edu/∼ hiscox/HiscoxKastner. pdf","","","","http://www.wcfia.harvard.edu/sites/default/files/Hiscox_General.pdf","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2012-11-17","","","","","","","A General Measure of Trade Policy Orientations","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WE7HKTTJ","report","2012","Broz, J. Lawrence; Werfel, Seth","Exchange Rates and Industry Demands for Trade Protection","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2105260","The recent confrontation between China and the United States over currency policy illustrates a broader phenomenon: exchange-rate misalignments tend to spill over into trade policy. While previous studies have shown that aggregate protectionist activity is positively related to the level of the real effective exchange rate, we explore this relationship at the industry level. We argue that several industry-specific characteristics determine the protectionist response to changes in the exchange rate, including the degree of exchange-rate pass-through, the level of import penetration, and the share of imported intermediate inputs in total industry inputs. We evaluate our conditional arguments by estimating a negative binomial model of industry-level anti-dumping petitions and find that the marginal effect of currency appreciation on this measure of the demand for trade protection is positive and significant only for industries with high pass-through. Therefore, exchange rates appear to induce demands for trade barriers only in industries where competitiveness is directly harmed by currency appreciation.","2012","2013-03-19 19:57:13","2014-09-04 20:22:07","2013-03-19 19:57:13","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","","","anti-dumping; exchange rate pass-through; exchange rates; Trade; trade protection","anti-dumping; exchange rate pass-through; exchange rates; trade protection","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2105260","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WEX2U7MJ","journalArticle","2013","Hug, Simon","Qualitative Comparative Analysis: How Inductive Use and Measurement Error Lead to Problematic Inference","Political Analysis","","","","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/content/21/2/252","An increasing number of analyses in various subfields of political science employ Boolean algebra as proposed by Ragin's qualitative comparative analysis (QCA). This type of analysis is perfectly justifiable if the goal is to test deterministic hypotheses under the assumption of error-free measures of the employed variables. My contention is, however, that only in a very few research areas are our theories sufficiently advanced to yield deterministic hypotheses. Also, given the nature of our objects of study, error-free measures are largely an illusion. Hence, it is unsurprising that many studies employ QCA inductively and gloss over possible measurement errors. In this article, I address these issues and demonstrate the consequences of these problems with simple empirical examples. In an analysis similar to Monte Carlo simulation, I show that using Boolean algebra in an exploratory fashion without considering possible measurement errors may lead to dramatically misleading inferences. I then suggest remedies that help researchers to circumvent some of these pitfalls.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2013-07-08","252–265","","2","21","","","Qualitative Comparative Analysis","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WFPPCQK6","book","2006","Arel, Dominique.; Ruble, Blair A.","Rebounding identities : the politics of identity in Russia and Ukraine","","9780801885624","","","http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0617/2006023459.html","","2006","2012-05-08 20:16:54","2014-09-04 20:27:45","2012-05-08 20:16:54","","","","","","","Rebounding identities","","","","","Woodrow Wilson Center Press","Washington, D.C.","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Group identity – Political aspects\textbarzRussia (Federation); Group identity – Political aspects\textbarzUkraine.; Political culture – Russia (Federation); Political culture – Ukraine.","Group identity -- Political aspects|zRussia (Federation); Group identity -- Political aspects|zUkraine.; Political culture -- Russia (Federation); Political culture -- Ukraine.","","","","Arel, Dominique.; Ruble, Blair A.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WFS3KZW8","book","1976","Jervis, Robert","Perception and Misperception in International Politics","","0691056560","","","","","1976","2012-05-05 11:56:53","2014-09-04 20:24:16","","","445","","","","","","","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton, N.J","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JX1291 .J47","","","","","International relations; Research","Research","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WG5UCHRA","journalArticle","1991","Burstein, P.","Policy domains: Organization, culture, and policy outcomes","Annual Review of Sociology","","","","","","1991","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","","327–350","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WGVJ479M","book","2003","Scruggs, Lyle","Sustaining abundance: Environmental performance in industrial democracies","","","","","https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=KEPf1NgCds4C&oi=fnd&pg=PR10&dq=Sustaining+abundance:+Environmental+performance+in+industrialdemocracies&ots=Pc4HBL80Zd&sig=Z-eoWEFq1zMfxQQOsdOmdd7zG3A","","2003","2015-04-12 18:28:19","2015-04-12 18:28:27","2015-04-12 18:28:19","","","","","","","Sustaining abundance","","","","","Cambridge University Press","New York, N.Y.","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WHEQCRMA","journalArticle","2011","Dewan, Torun; Shepsle, Kenneth A.","Political Economy Models of Elections","Annual Review of Political Science","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.polisci.12.042507.094704","We review a large formal literature on economic models of voting and electoral politics. We discuss two broad classes of model: those focusing on preference aggregation and those that look at elections as mechanisms of information aggregation. We also explore the role of elections in situations of asymmetric information, where politicians take hidden actions or are otherwise better informed about policy than voters are, and examine the role of elections in selection and as incentive mechanisms. In the section on models of preference aggregation, we focus on the themes of exogenous candidacy, policy commitment, and the role of valence attributes. For information aggregation, we analyze how different aspects of the institutional environment affect aggregation, focusing on the structure of elections—whether simultaneous or sequential—and the number of choices, as well as the motivations of voters. Finally, in considering models of asymmetric information, we describe how these models shed new light on incumbency effects, campaign spending, and the policy choices of politicians.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2012-09-06","311–330","","1","14","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","candidates; information aggregation; preference aggregation; spatial model; valence; voting","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WI938DDG","journalArticle","2013","Lin, Li-Wen; Milhaupt, Curtis J.","We Are the (National) Champions: Understanding the Mechanisms of State Capitalism in China","Stanford Law Review","","","","http://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/stflr65&id=725&div=&collection=","","2013","2015-04-29 08:31:17","2015-04-29 08:31:17","","697","","","65","","Stan. L. Rev.","We Are the (National) Champions","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Lin_Milhaupt_2013_(We Are the (National) Champions).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WIBPTNUW","journalArticle","2007","Friesendorf, Cornelius","Pathologies of Security Governance: Efforts against human trafficking in Europe","Security Dialogue","","","","http://sdi.sagepub.com/content/38/3/379.short","","2007","2015-04-15 20:48:48","2015-04-15 20:48:48","2015-04-15 20:48:48","379–402","","3","38","","","Pathologies of Security Governance","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2007/Friesendorf_2007_(Pathologies of Security Governance).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WJHPNVE9","book","1988","Ikenberry, G. John","Reasons of state: oil politics and the capacities of American government","","0801421551","","","","","1988","2013-10-10 12:24:57","2015-01-14 20:57:50","","","213","","","","","Reasons of state","","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD9566 .I525 1988","","","","","Energy","Government policy; Petroleum industry and trade; United States","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WJHQVEP9","journalArticle","2013","Lawton, Thomas; McGuire, Steven; Rajwani, Tazeeb","Corporate political activity: A literature review and research agenda","International Journal of Management Reviews","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2012.00337.x/full","","2013","2015-02-18 01:19:38","2015-02-18 01:19:38","2015-02-18 01:19:38","86–105","","1","15","","","Corporate political activity","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Lawton et al_2013_(Corporate political activity).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WJMT687K","book","2007","Williams, Michael C.","Culture and Security: Symbolic power and the politics of international security","","","","","http://books.google.ca/books?hl=en&lr=&id=lhc7Rg6G6akC&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=Culture+and+Security:+Symbolic+power+and+the+politics&ots=cpioX9Kosy&sig=jTMvxEBS8IjhrZIkGZUBV3uglCA&redir_esc=y","","2007","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-12-31 16:31:33","","","","","","","","","","","","","Routledge","New York","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WJNAABUJ","journalArticle","2012","Gartzke, Erik; Lupu, Yonatan","Trading on Preconceptions: Why World War I Was Not a Failure of Economic Interdependence","International Security","","","","http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ISEC_a_00078","World War I is generally viewed by both advocates and critics of commercial liberal theory as the quintessential example of a failure of economic integration to maintain peace. Yet this consensus relies on both methodologically flawed inference and an incomplete accounting of the antecedents to the war. Crucially, World War I began in a weakly integrated portion of Europe with which highly integrated powers were entangled through the alliance system. Crises among the highly interdependent European powers in the decades leading up to the war were generally resolved without bloodshed. Among the less interdependent powers in Eastern Europe, however, crises regularly escalated to militarized violence. Moreover, the crises leading to the war created increased incentives for the integrated powers to strengthen commitments to their less interdependent partners. In attempting to make these alliances more credible, Western powers shifted foreign policy discretion to the very states that lacked strong economic disincentives to fight. Had globalization pervaded Eastern Europe, or if the rest of Europe had been less locked into events in the east, Europe might have avoided a “Great War.”","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2013-01-09","115–150","","4","36","","","Trading on Preconceptions","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WJNZ6ZS7","journalArticle","2007","Weber, S.; Barma, N.; Kroenig, M.; Ratner, E.","How globalization went bad","Foreign Policy","","","","http://www.wright.edu/ tdung/How_globalization_went_bad_FT.pdf","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2012-08-30","48–54","","","158","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WJPZQWFK","journalArticle","2009","Goddard, Stacie E.","Brokering change: networks and entrepreneurs in international politics","International Theory","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2014-09-04 18:31:49","","249","","2","1","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","agent; entrepreneurs; network; problem; structure; theory","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WJUCU3DF","journalArticle","2002","Sherman, Richard","Delegation, Ratification, and U.S. Trade Policy Why Divided Government Causes Lower Tariffs","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/35/10/1171","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2012-11-17","1171–1197","","10","35","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WK29EQM5","report","2011","Pelc, Krzysztof; Davis, Christina","Cooperation in Hard Times: Self-Restraint of Trade Protection","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1916275","Hard times give rise to greater demand for protection, but also amplify the negative consequences of such defections, given the risk of drawing retaliation from abroad that could worsen economic conditions. International trade rules include provisions that allow for raising barriers to aid industries in crisis even while urging restraint in their use. How do states balance these conflicting pressures? This article assesses the effect of crises on cooperation in trade, by looking at whether the prospect of a spiral of defection precisely at a time when such spirals are most costly leads to restraint by states. Our contribution is to analyze variation among crises in terms of their prevalence among countries. We hypothesize that governments impose less protectionism during economic crisis when their economic troubles are widespread than when a country faces crisis in isolation. Under conditions of shared hard times, states exercise restraint in their reliance on beggar-thy-neighbor policies. Empirical evidence from analysis of industry level data on protection measures for the period from 1996 to 2010 provides support for our claims.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2013-09-03","","","","","","","Cooperation in Hard Times","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","","","","","","",".","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 1916275","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WM4VPSCG","journalArticle","2009","Pifer, Steven","Ukraine's Geopolitical Choice, 2009","Eurasian Geography and Economics","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","","387–401","","4","50","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WM6VQWQF","journalArticle","2012","Savun, Burcu; Tirone, Daniel C.","Exogenous Shocks, Foreign Aid, and Civil War","International Organization","","","","","The recent civil war literature suggests that negative economic shocks in low-income countries increase the risk of civil war. Foreign aid can be an effective conflict-prevention tool in times of severe economic conditions. Aid cushions government spending from the downward pressures of economic shocks, providing recipient governments with resources they can use to make rebellion a less attractive option for aggrieved domestic groups. Using Official Development Assistance (ODA) data covering 1990 through 2004, we find that foreign aid appears to be a useful tool for preventing civil wars in the wake of negative economic shocks, and as such aid should be assessed by donors with these conflict-suppressing aspects in mind.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","","363–393","","03","66","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WMCQWUFI","journalArticle","1995","Hagen, Mark von","Does Ukraine Have a History?","Slavic Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2501741","","1995","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2012-05-09","658–673","","3","54","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WMRKCGR2","journalArticle","2005","Weinstein, Jeremy M.","Resources and the Information Problem in Rebel Recruitment","The Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/30045132","How does the resource base of a rebel group impact its membership, structure, and behavior? While scholars, analysts, and policy makers increasingly link natural resources to the onset and duration of civil war, this article explores how resource endowments shape the character and conduct of rebel groups. This article identifies a rebel ""resource curse"" much like the one that undermines state institutions in resource-rich environments. While the presence of economic endowments makes it possible for leaders to recruit on the basis of short-term rewards, these groups are flooded with opportunistic joiners who exhibit little commitment to the long-term goals of the organization. In resource-poor environments, leaders attract new recruits by drawing on social ties to make credible promises about the private rewards that will come with victory. Opportunistic joiners stay away from these movements, leaving a pool of activist recruits willing to invest their time and energy in the hope of reaping large gains in the future.","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2012-09-06","598–624","","4","49","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WNUXXXPZ","journalArticle","2013","Bems, Rudolfs; Johnson, Robert C.; Yi, Kei-Mu","The Great Trade Collapse","Annual Review of Economics","","","10.1146/annurev-economics-082912-110201","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-economics-082912-110201","We survey recent literature on the causes of the collapse in international trade during the 2008–2009 global recession. We argue that the evidence points to the collapse in aggregate expenditure, concentrated on trade-intensive durable goods, as the main driver of the trade collapse. Inventory adjustment likely amplified the impact of these expenditure changes on trade. In addition, shocks to credit supply constrained export supply, further exacerbating the decline in trade. Most evidence suggests that changes in trade policy did not play a large role. We conclude that one benefit of the trade collapse is that it has stimulated research in neglected areas at the intersection of trade and macroeconomics.","2013","2013-09-16 09:25:00","2013-09-16 09:25:00","2013-09-16 09:25:00","375-400","","1","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","","","","Great Recession; import demand; trade finance; trade policy; world trade","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WNZ23PM4","journalArticle","2013","Ghitza, Yair; Gelman, Andrew","Deep Interactions with MRP: Election Turnout and Voting Patterns Among Small Electoral Subgroups: DEEP INTERACTIONS WITH MRP","American Journal of Political Science","","00925853","10.1111/ajps.12004","http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/ajps.12004","","2013-07","2014-11-03 21:28:53","2014-11-03 21:28:53","2014-11-03 21:28:53","762-776","","3","57","","","Deep Interactions with MRP","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/KHPF53WK/misterp.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WP2RARH9","journalArticle","1998","Rabin, Matthew","Psychology and economics","Journal of economic literature","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2564950","","1998","2015-04-18 00:35:45","2015-04-18 00:35:45","2015-04-18 00:35:45","11–46","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WP465UHJ","journalArticle","2007","Brooks, S. M.; Kurtz, M. J.","Capital, Trade, and the Political Economies of Reform","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2007.00276.x/full","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2012-08-09","703–720","","4","51","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WPGEPBJC","journalArticle","2005","Neumayer, Eric; Spess, Laura","Do bilateral investment treaties increase foreign direct investment to developing countries?","World Development","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0305750X05001233","","2005","2014-10-31 13:57:19","2014-10-31 17:37:09","2014-10-31 13:57:19","1567–1585","","10","33","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2005/Neumayer_Spess_2005_(Do bilateral investment treaties increase foreign direct investment to).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WPJT82QP","journalArticle","2006","Bahgat, Gawdat","Europe's energy security: challenges and opportunities","International Affairs","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","","961–975","","5","82","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WPM8F8XM","conferencePaper","2001","Adcock, R.","Measurement validity: A shared standard for qualitative and quantitative research","American Political Science Association","","","","","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2014-09-04 18:31:53","","529–546","","","95","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WPMHJN6Z","journalArticle","2005","Way, Lucan","Authoritarian State Building and the Sources of Regime Competitiveness in the Fourth Wave: The Cases of Belarus, Moldova, Russia, and Ukraine","World Politics","","","","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","","231–261","","2","57","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WPRWBCGB","book","2008","Dunning, Thad","Crude Democracy: Natural Resource Wealth and Political Regimes","","9780521730754","","","","This book challenges the conventional wisdom that natural resource wealth promotes autocracy. Oil and other forms of mineral wealth can promote both authoritarianism and democracy, the book argues, but they do so through different mechanisms; an understanding of these different mechanisms can help elucidate when either the authoritarian or democratic effects of resource wealth will be relatively strong. Exploiting game-theoretic tools and statistical modeling as well as detailed country case studies and drawing on fieldwork in Latin America and Africa, this book builds and tests a theory that explains political variation across resource-rich states. It will be read by scholars studying the political effects of natural resource wealth in many regions, as well as by those interested in the emergence and persistence of democratic regimes.","2008-09-08","2014-11-28 21:59:11","2014-11-28 21:59:27","","","350","","","","","Crude Democracy","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge","English","","","","","Amazon.com","","","","","http://www.amazon.com/Crude-Democracy-Political-Cambridge-Comparative/dp/0521730759","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WQ2JRKS4","journalArticle","2013","Epstein, Charlotte","Constructivism or the eternal return of universals in International Relations. Why returning to language is vital to prolonging the owl’s flight","European Journal of International Relations","","1354-0661, 1460-3713","10.1177/1354066113494669","http://ejt.sagepub.com/content/19/3/499","In this contribution I engage with the question of the end of theory from a poststructuralist perspective. I begin by revisiting the making of International Relations as a discrete theoretical endeavour from Waltz (1979) to Wendt (1999), around, respectively, the efforts to unearth the structures of international politics that carved out the international as a distinct site of political analysis, and the appraisal of these structures as social structures (Wendt, 1999). I then revisit the origins of poststructuralism via the works of Jacques Derrida and Judith Butler, in order to bring its founding moves to bear directly on International Relations constructivism. Engaging with constructivism’s founding fathers, Nicholas Onuf, Alexander Wendt and Friedrich Kratochwil, I show that the search for unconstructed universals, grounded in an innate ‘human nature’, persistently haunts International Relations constructivism, even when it foregrounds language as the medium of social construction, and notably when it engages the question of gender. Just as language provided the original site for orchestrating the ‘moving beyond’ (the ‘post’ of poststructuralism) fixed, naturalized structures, I argue that a return to language holds the promise of renewal, and of constructivism’s being able to fulfil its founding promise to theorize constitutivity and the constructed-ness of International Relations’ world.","2013-09-01","2013-09-06 11:09:33","2013-09-06 11:09:33","2013-09-06 11:09:33","499-519","","3","19","","European Journal of International Relations","","","","","","","","en","","","","","ejt.sagepub.com","","","","","","","contingency; discourse; gender; human nature; language; new materialisms; performativity; play; poststructuralism; practice turn; structuralism; structures; universality","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WQ5D5P3R","journalArticle","2013","Hvidt, Martin","Economic diversification in GCC countries: Past record and future trends","","","","","http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/55252/","","2013","2015-07-16 09:47:37","2015-07-16 09:47:37","2015-07-16 09:47:37","","","","","","","Economic diversification in GCC countries","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Hvidt_2013_(Economic diversification in GCC countries).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WQH2S434","journalArticle","2000","Mueller, John","The Banality of ""Ethnic War""","International Security","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2626773","","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2012-09-07","42–70","","1","25","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WQI697M8","journalArticle","1971","Taylor, Charles","Interpretation and the Sciences of Man","The Review of Metaphysics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/20125928","","1971","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","","3–51","","1","25","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1971 Philosophy Education Society Inc.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WQKK3INM","journalArticle","2003","Kalyvas, S. N.","The ontology of"" political violence"": action and identity in civil wars","Perspectives on Politics","","","","","","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","","475–494","","","1","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WQWPRS5H","journalArticle","2012","De Janvry, Alain; Dethier, Jean-Jacques","The World Bank and Governance: The Bank’s Efforts to Help Developing Countries Build State Capacity","","","","","","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WR57PTQK","journalArticle","2014","Caddel, Jeremy","Domestic Competition over Trade Barriers in the US International Trade Commission","International Studies Quarterly","","1468-2478","10.1111/isqu.12085","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/isqu.12085/abstract","As governments lower traditional tariffs, they may use non-tariff barriers, such as antidumping (AD) and countervailing duty (CVD) laws, to protect domestic industries. Research on the US International Trade Commission (ITC), an independent agency responsible for adjudicating AD/CVD claims, finds mixed evidence of political influence in these cases. However, this research focuses predominately on the political influence of the petitioning industry. Applying theories of bureaucratic oversight, I posit that the ITC must be receptive both to petitioners and to firms that oppose trade barriers. Using an original data set compiled from ITC records of witness testimony in these cases, I demonstrate that domestic opposition to an AD/CVD petition has a significant effect on ITC decisions. Moreover, members of Congress actively intervene on both sides of AD/CVD petitions and have some influence on ITC decisions. These results suggest that AD/CVD politics in the United States is better understood as a contest between competing domestic interests than a captured bureaucracy providing rents to protectionist interests.","2014-06-01","2015-03-18 21:17:21","2015-03-18 21:17:21","2015-03-18 21:17:21","260-268","","2","58","","Int Stud Q","","","","","","","","en","© 2013 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Caddel_2014_(Domestic Competition over Trade Barriers in the US International Trade).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WRXU76IK","journalArticle","1985","Brander, J. A.; Spencer, B. J.","Export subsidies and international market share rivalry","Journal of international Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0022199685900066","","1985","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2012-11-07","83–100","","1","18","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WT5E28NG","report","2013","You, Hye Young","Ex Post Lobbying","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2303365","I systematically document ex post lobbying, the process by which special interest groups allocate resources during implementation stage after congressional authorization. Previous theories on lobbying assume all lobbying is done ex ante, where lobbying activities occur before Congress votes. However, my analysis of over 633,731 lobbying reports demonstrates that almost half of lobbying activity from 1998 to 2012 that targeted specific bills occurred ex post. I argue that ex post lobbying aims to bargain over private benefits that will arise from legislation by targeting regulatory rule-making processes that clarify the non-specific parts of bills. Ex post lobbying provides a chance for non-participants in the ex ante lobbying stage to claim their shares from government policy. The model that I develop in this paper suggests that trade associations and larger firms within an industry bear a disproportionately large share of the ex ante lobbying burden. This problem of collective action problem in ex ante lobbying becomes more severe if there are large number of non-specific benefits in a bill and if the market shares are more equally distributed among firms.","2013","2013-09-03 10:26:46","2013-09-03 10:26:46","2013-09-03 10:26:46","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","","","Game Theory","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2303365","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WU5GMNMM","journalArticle","2012","Musacchio, Aldo; Lazzarini, Sergio G.","Leviathan in business: Varieties of state capitalism and their implications for economic performance","SSRN 2070942","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id-2070942","","2012","2015-05-14 11:03:07","2015-05-14 11:03:16","2015-05-14 11:03:07","","","","","","","Leviathan in business","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Musacchio_Lazzarini_2012_(Leviathan in business).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WUUE3SSU","journalArticle","2014","Hacker, Jacob S.; Pierson, Paul","After the “Master Theory”: Downs, Schattschneider, and the Rebirth of Policy-Focused Analysis","Perspectives on Politics","","1541-0986","10.1017/S1537592714001637","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1537592714001637","Drawing on the pioneering work of Anthony Downs, political scientists have tended to characterize American politics as a game among undifferentiated competitors, played out largely through elections, with outcomes reflecting how formal rules translate election results into legislative votes. In this perspective, voters, campaigns, elections, and the ideological distribution of legislators merit extensive scrutiny. Other features of the political environment—most notably, the policies these legislators help create and the interest groups that struggle over these policies—are deemed largely peripheral. However, contemporary politics often looks very different than the world described by Downs. Instead, it more closely resembles the world depicted by E. E. Schattschneider—a world in which policy and groups loom large, the influence of voters is highly conditional, and the key struggle is not over gaining office but over reshaping governance. Over the last twenty years, a growing body of scholarship has emerged that advances this corrective vision—an approach we call “policy-focused political science.” In this framework, politics is centrally about the exercise of government authority for particular substantive purposes. Such exercises of authority create the “terrain” for political struggle, profoundly shaping both individual and group political behavior. More important, because policies can be so consequential, they also serve as the “prize” for many of the most enduring political players, especially organized interest groups. The payoffs of a policy-focused perspective include a more accurate portrayal of the institutional environment of modern politics, an appreciation for the fundamental importance of organized groups, a better understanding of the dynamics of policy change, and a more accurate mapping of interests, strategies, and influence. These benefits are illustrated through brief examinations of two of the biggest changes in American politics over the last generation: asymmetric partisan polarization and the growing concentration of income at the top.","2014-09","2014-09-19 15:43:02","2014-09-19 15:43:02","2014-09-19 15:43:02","643–662","","03","12","","","After the “Master Theory”","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Hacker_Pierson_2014_(After the “Master Theory”).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WUVCDS3U","bookSection","1994","Taylor, Charles; Gutmann, Amy","The Politics of Recognition","Multiculturalism: Examining the Politics of Recognition","","","","","","1994","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:26:59","","","","","","","","","","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WVBHGWAB","journalArticle","2014","Garriga, Ana Carolina; Phillips, Brian J.","Foreign Aid as a Signal to Investors Predicting FDI in Post-conflict Countries","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","0022-0027, 1552-8766","10.1177/0022002712467937","http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/58/2/280","Does development aid attract foreign direct investment (FDI) in post-conflict countries? This article contributes to the growing literature on effects of aid and on determinants of FDI by explaining how development aid in low-information environments is a signal that can attract investment. Before investing abroad, firms seek data on potential host countries. In post-conflict countries, reliable information is poor, in part because governments face unusual incentives to misrepresent information. In these conditions, firms look to signals. One is development aid, because donors tend to give more to countries they trust to properly handle the funds. Our results show that aid seems to draw FDI—however, this is conditional on whether the aid can be considered geostrategically motivated. We also show that this effect decreases as time elapses after the conflict. This suggests that aid’s signaling effect is specific to low-information environments, and helps rule out alternative causal mechanisms linking aid and FDI.","2014-03-01","2014-04-17 18:46:00","2014-04-17 18:46:00","2014-04-17 18:46:00","280-306","","2","58","","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","","","","","en","","","","","jcr.sagepub.com.proxy.library.georgetown.edu","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WVS7UDTQ","journalArticle","2015","Hodson, Dermot","The IMF as a de facto institution of the EU: A multiple supervisor approach","Review of International Political Economy","","","10.1080/09692290.2014.956136","","This paper seeks to understand and explain the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) evolving relationship with the European Union (EU) before and after the global financial crisis of 2007–2008. Prior to this crisis, the two sides operated on parallel tracks with little scope for mutual adjustment even during the economic turmoil of the 1970s. After the global financial crisis, the IMF emerged as a de facto institution of the EU thanks to European leaders’ delegation of supervisory powers to both the Fund and the European Commission. The reasons for, and consequences of, this dual delegation are explored here by means of amultiple supervisor variation on the classic principal-agent-supervisor approach.","2015-05-04","2015-06-30 10:51:05","2015-06-30 10:51:05","","570-598","","3","22","","Review of International Political Economy","The IMF as a de facto institution of the EU","","","","","","","","","","","","IngentaConnect","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WWQVCG3M","journalArticle","2013","Paler, Laura","Keeping the public purse: An experiment in windfalls, taxes, and the incentives to restrain government","American Political Science Review","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0003055413000415","","2013","2015-07-16 09:24:15","2015-07-16 09:24:15","2015-07-16 09:24:15","706–725","","04","107","","","Keeping the public purse","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Paler_2013_(Keeping the public purse).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WWRWHQ93","journalArticle","2011","Aklin, Michaël; Urpelainen, Johannes","The Strategy of Sustainable Energy Transitions: Political Competition and Path Dependence","Available at SSRN 1754742","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1754742","","2011","2013-10-10 08:08:00","2013-10-10 08:08:00","2013-10-10 08:08:00","","","","","","","The Strategy of Sustainable Energy Transitions","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WWWIIMG5","journalArticle","2004","Bohr, A.","Regionalism in Central Asia: new geopolitics, old regional order","International Affairs","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","","485–502","","3","80","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WXAPPT2I","report","2006","Larsson, Robert L.","Russia ' s Energy Policy","","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","","","","","","","","","","","","","FOI","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","March","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WXF3P33F","journalArticle","1992","Blais, André; Nadeau, Richard","The electoral budget cycle","Public Choice","","","","http://www.springerlink.com/index/M4368G4T22453507.pdf","","1992","2013-03-17 04:21:16","2014-09-04 20:21:51","2013-03-17 04:21:16","389–403","","4","74","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WXMRMR9P","journalArticle","2012","Urpelainen, Johannes","Unilateral Influence on International Bureaucrats An International Delegation Problem","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/56/4/704","The conventional wisdom emphasizes agency slack or bias as the central problem of international delegation. I show that the possibility of a unilateral influence contest is equally problematic. States can exert unilateral influence on autonomous international bureaucrats, either through rewards or through punishments, to pursue their particular interests. A costly contest results, so some states could refuse to delegate because they expect others to be too influential. The analysis has four counterintuitive empirical implications. First, international agreements often favor institutionally weak states that are disadvantaged in the unilateral influence contest. Second, states could limit the autonomy of an international organization even if this prompts bad policies. Third, a state can sometimes profitably exchange distributional concessions for autonomy. Finally, constraints on unilateral influence are possible only if a disadvantaged state can credibly commit to compensating an advantaged state for it. A central broader contribution of the analysis is to show how power politics influences the rational design of international institutions.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2012-08-09","704–735","","4","56","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","informal governance; International institutions; international organizations; power politics; principal-agent theory","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WXQP5N44","journalArticle","2009","Matutinović, Igor","Oil and the political economy of energy","Energy Policy","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421509003772","The key issues concerning oil exploitation are still open for discussion: there is no agreement about where we presently stand in the world oil extraction curve, what is its exact shape, and how far can oil price grow before it changes irreversibly the world economy and consumer behavior. The paper proposes an alternative scenario to the Hubbert's bell-shaped model of oil exploitation, based on more realistic assumptions regarding political agendas in oil-exporting countries and consumer behavior dynamics in oil-importing countries. Under this scenario, the joint impact of markets and public policy in oil importing countries together with “resource pragmatism” policy in oil-exporting countries allows for a less steep oil supply curve with a much fatter tail compared to the Hubbert's model.","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-11-22 22:14:24","2012-09-20","4251–4258","","11","37","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Hubbert's curve; Oil transition; Peak-oil","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WXTHMRZ3","blogPost","2007","Veseth, Michael","What is International Political Economy?","IPE Zone","","","","http://ipezone.blogspot.com/2007/02/what-is-international-political-economy.html","","2007-02-16","2015-01-13 13:24:37","2015-01-13 13:25:21","2015-01-13 13:24:37","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Blog","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WZ383PCE","journalArticle","2002","Franzese Jr, Robert J.","Electoral and partisan cycles in economic policies and outcomes","Annual Review of Political Science","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.polisci.5.112801.080924","","2002","2014-11-04 23:42:55","2014-11-04 23:42:55","2014-11-04 23:42:55","369–421","","1","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2002/Franzese Jr_2002_(Electoral and partisan cycles in economic policies and outcomes).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WZBNR7FJ","journalArticle","1974","Nordhaus, William D.","Resources as a Constraint on Growth","The American Economic Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/1816011","","1974","2013-10-10 12:46:30","2013-10-10 12:46:30","2013-10-10 12:46:30","22–26","","2","64","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WZPMQSN8","journalArticle","2004","Taylor, Mark Zachary","Empirical Evidence Against Varieties of Capitalism's Theory of Technological Innovation","International Organization","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","","601–631","","03","58","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WZRKR5EM","journalArticle","1984","Kobrin, Stephen J.","Expropriation as an attempt to control foreign firms in LDCs: trends from 1960 to 1979","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2600634","","1984","2014-11-04 21:11:45","2014-11-04 21:11:45","2014-11-04 21:11:45","329–348","","","","","","Expropriation as an attempt to control foreign firms in LDCs","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "WZXIF49G","journalArticle","2013","Brooks, S. G.; Ikenberry, G. J.; Wohlforth, W. C.","Don't Come Home, America: The Case against Retrenchment","International Security","","","","http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/ISEC_a_00107","","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2013-01-09","7–51","","3","37","","","Don't Come Home, America","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X2BCCSWF","journalArticle","2008","Schwartz, H.; Seabrooke, L.","Varieties of residential capitalism in the international political economy: Old welfare states and the new politics of housing","Comparative European Politics","","","","http://www.palgrave-journals.com/uidfinder/10.1057/cep.2008.10","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2012-11-07","237–261","","3","6","","","Varieties of residential capitalism in the international political economy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X2HS5THK","journalArticle","1984","Gately, Dermot","A ten-year retrospective: OPEC and the world oil market","Journal of Economic Literature","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/2725308","","1984","2013-10-10 12:50:00","2013-10-10 12:50:00","2013-10-10 12:50:00","1100–1114","","3","22","","","A ten-year retrospective","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X2Z5WRBI","journalArticle","2012","Desmarais, Bruce A.; Cranmer, Skyler J.","Micro-Level Interpretation of Exponential Random Graph Models with Application to Estuary Networks","Policy Studies Journal","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1541-0072.2012.00459.x/full","","2012","2015-06-20 10:58:08","2015-06-20 10:58:08","2015-06-20 10:58:08","402–434","","3","40","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Desmarais_Cranmer_2012_(Micro-Level Interpretation of Exponential Random Graph Models with Application).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X34E3SF3","journalArticle","2001","Megginson, William L.; Netter, Jeffry M.","From State to Market: A Survey of Empirical Studies on Privatization","Journal of Economic Literature","","0022-0515","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2698243","","2001-06-01","2014-10-03 18:01:25","2014-10-03 18:01:25","2014-10-03 18:01:25","321-389","","2","39","","Journal of Economic Literature","From State to Market","","","","","","","","Copyright © 2001 American Economic Association","","","","JSTOR","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2001/Megginson_Netter_2001_(From State to Market).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X3VJP8NT","journalArticle","2014","Herranz-Surrallés, Anna","The Politics of Energy and Memory between the Baltic States and Russia, by A1 - A. Grigas (Farnham: PB - Ashgate , 2012, ISBN 9781409446538), xiv+206pp., £55.00 hb.","JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies","","1468-5965","10.1111/jcms.12125_5","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jcms.12125_5/abstract","","2014-03-01","2014-04-17 18:51:47","2014-04-17 18:51:47","2014-04-17 18:51:47","439-439","","2","52","","J Common Mark Stud","The Politics of Energy and Memory between the Baltic States and Russia, by A1 - A. Grigas (Farnham","","","","","","","en","© 2014 The Author(s) JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies © 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X42N3UCQ","thesis","2014","Foarță, Octavia Daniela","The political economy of government interventions in financial crises","","","","","http://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/90121","","2014","2014-09-29 02:16:20","2014-09-29 02:16:20","2014-09-29 02:16:20","","","","","","","","","","","","Massachusetts Institute of Technology","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Foarta_2014_(The political economy of government interventions in financial crises).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X48ZQ6WP","journalArticle","2007","Mansfield, Edward D.; Milner, Helen V.; Pevehouse, Jon C.","Vetoing Co-operation: The Impact of Veto Players on Preferential Trading Arrangements","British Journal of Political Science","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","","403–432","","03","37","","","Vetoing Co-operation","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X4QBT3IH","journalArticle","2014","Cannizzaro, Anthony; Weiner, Robert","Loose-Lipped Leviathan? Transparency in Private- and State-Owned Multinationals","Academy of Management Proceedings","","0065-0668, 2151-6561","10.5465/AMBPP.2014.204","http://proceedings.aom.org/content/2014/1/15888","We bring together research and policy concern regarding MNE transparency with renewed interest in state capitalism. Using the global petroleum industry as a laboratory, we develop theory and examine empirically investment transparency – FDI disclosure in state-owned and private companies. We find that state ownership reduces MNE transparency, and that SOEs are less sensitive to host-country political risk than private firms. We also show that SOEs from more-democratic countries tend to behave more transparently, and that MNEs are more opaque when operating in countries with state-owned competitors.","2014-01-01","2014-11-14 15:57:06","2014-12-01 17:15:45","2014-11-14 15:57:06","","","1","2014","","ACAD MANAGE PROC","Loose-Lipped Leviathan?","","","","","","","en","","","","","proceedings.aom.org","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X4VTVRCR","book","2002","Law, John.; Mol, Annemarie.","Complexities : social studies of knowledge practices","","0822328313","","","http://link.library.utoronto.ca/eir/EIRdetail.cfm?Resources__ID=548970&T=F","","2002","2012-05-09 15:05:45","2014-09-04 20:27:44","2012-05-09 15:05:45","","","","","","","Complexities","","","","","Duke University Press","Durham","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Complexity (Philosophy).; Knowledge; Sociology of.","Complexity (Philosophy).; Knowledge, Sociology of.","","","","Law, John.; Mol, Annemarie.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X4ZEEECW","journalArticle","2008","Desai, Mihir A.; Foley, C. Fritz; Forbes, Kristin J.","Financial constraints and growth: Multinational and local firm responses to currency depreciations","Review of Financial Studies","","","","http://rfs.oxfordjournals.org/content/21/6/2857.short","","2008","2014-11-04 22:38:49","2014-11-04 22:38:49","2014-11-04 22:38:49","2857–2888","","6","21","","","Financial constraints and growth","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2008/Desai et al_2008_(Financial constraints and growth).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X57DTXPJ","journalArticle","2014","King, G.; Roberts, M. E.","How Robust Standard Errors Expose Methodological Problems They Do Not Fix, and What to Do About It","Political Analysis","","1047-1987, 1476-4989","10.1093/pan/mpu015","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/doi/10.1093/pan/mpu015","","2014-10-31","2015-03-06 20:17:51","2015-03-06 20:17:51","2015-03-06 20:17:51","","","","","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/King_Roberts_2014_(How Robust Standard Errors Expose Methodological Problems They Do Not Fix, and).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X5A455CI","journalArticle","2011","Toft, Peter; Duero, Arash","Reliable in the long run? Petroleum policy and long-term oil supplier reliability","Energy Policy","","0301-4215","10.1016/j.enpol.2011.08.001","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421511005982","Accelerating oil import dependence in energy consuming nations highlights the importance of having energy supplies at sufficient levels and at stable and reasonable prices. Consequently, it is crucial that oil exporters realize their full production potential. Current debates on energy security are often focused on short-term risks e.g. sudden disruptions due to wars, domestic instability, etc. However, when it comes to assessing oil supplier reliability it is equally important to assess their longer term ability and willingness to deliver oil to the global market. This study analyzes the effects of petroleum investment policies on crude oil production trends in 14 major oil producing countries (2000–2010) by focusing on the political–institutional frameworks that shape the investment conditions for the upstream oil sector. Our findings indicate that countries with less favorable oil sector frameworks systematically performed worse than countries with investor friendly and privatized sectors. The findings indicate that assessments based on remaining reserves and planned production capacities alone could inflate expectations about future oil supplies in a world where remaining crude reserves are located in countries with unfavorable investment frameworks.","2011-10","2014-10-02 13:06:37","2014-10-02 13:06:37","2014-10-02 13:06:37","6583-6594","","10","39","","Energy Policy","Reliable in the long run?","Sustainability of biofuels","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X5BJZZDK","journalArticle","1998","Checkel, Jeffrey T.","Review: The Constructivist Turn in International Relations Theory","World Politics","","","","","","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-09-04 18:31:35","","","","2","50","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X5EZXZM9","journalArticle","2004","Edelstein, David M.","Occupational Hazards: Why Military Occupations Succeed or Fail","International Security","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/4137547","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","","49–91","","1","29","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2004 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X5IN7DQ9","journalArticle","2010","Quackenbush, Stephen L.","Deterrence theory: where do we stand?","Review of International Studies","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:43","2014-09-04 18:31:43","","741–762","","02","37","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X5PKAWZV","journalArticle","1999","Kirshner, Jonathan","Keynes, Capital Mobility and the Crisis of Embedded Liberalism","Review of International Political Economy","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/4177314","This article argues that in an era characterized by increased practical and analytical concern for the domestic consequences of international market forces, through the study of Keynes' own writing we can better understand the significance of the contemporary challenges to the compromise of embedded liberalism and the consequences of the possible unraveling of that order. A Keynesian interpretation of the Asian financial crisis illustrates both the application of Keynes' philosophy of political economy and its continuing relevance.","1999","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2013-02-04","313–337","","3","6","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1999 Taylor & Francis, Ltd.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X5SU4WN6","journalArticle","2012","Rickard, S.","A non-tariff protectionist bias in majoritarian politics: government subsidies and electoral institutions","International studies quarterly","","","","http://personal.lse.ac.uk/RICKARD/isq.pdf","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2013-01-24","","","","","","","A non-tariff protectionist bias in majoritarian politics","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X6B2S34S","journalArticle","2004","Brewton, Vince","The Changing Landscape of Violence in Cormac McCarthy's Early Novels and the Border Trilogy","The Southern Literary Journal","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/20078400","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2012-06-21","121–143","","1","37","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X6D4VWH2","conferencePaper","2011","Bakshy, E.; Hofman, J. M.; Mason, W. A.; Watts, D. J.","Everyone's an influencer: quantifying influence on twitter","Proceedings of the fourth ACM international conference on Web search and data mining","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:58","2014-09-04 18:31:58","","65–74","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X6ISFZQ3","journalArticle","2015","Aitzhanova, Aktoty; Iskaliyeva, Anastassiya; Krishnaswamy, Venkataraman; Makauskas, Dmitry; Razavi, Hossein; Sartip, Ahmad Reza; Urazaliyeva, Aida","A practical approach to oil wealth management: Application to the case of Kazakhstan","Energy Economics","","0140-9883","10.1016/j.eneco.2014.11.009","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988314002801","This study presents a practical approach to oil wealth management by bringing together various dimensions (oil production and sustainability of oil reserves, impact on the economy and the balance of trade, and the impact on the fiscal balance, government debt, and the national oil fund) within a long-term planning framework. The study provides a quantitative depiction of the above dimensions to 2050 for the case of Kazakhstan where the country's oil output has grown from about 0.6 million barrels/day (mb/d) in the late 1990s to 1.8 (mb/d) in 2013, and it is expected to reach a peak of 3.5 mb/d by 2035. The analysis of this study indicates that within the limits of proven oil reserves, Kazakhstan's oil production capacity would collapse to negligible amounts after the peak period of 2035. This envisaged scenario will have undesirable impacts on the economy, balance of trade and fiscal balance both prior and after 2035. To avoid these erratic impacts, the study examines an alternative “conservative” production scenario that would enable the country to maintain its level of oil production until 2050, and to manage better the transition to a non-oil economy.","2015-01","2015-06-30 15:57:20","2015-06-30 15:57:20","2015-06-30 15:57:20","178-188","","","47","","Energy Economics","A practical approach to oil wealth management","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Aitzhanova et al_2015_(A practical approach to oil wealth management).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X6QMJVUQ","journalArticle","2015","Richter, Philipp M.; Holz, Franziska","All quiet on the eastern front? Disruption scenarios of Russian natural gas supply to Europe","Energy Policy","","0301-4215","10.1016/j.enpol.2015.01.024","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421515000336","The 2014 Russian–Ukrainian crisis reignited European concerns about natural gas supply security recalling the experiences of 2006 and 2009. However, the European supply situation, regulation and infrastructure have changed, with better diversified import sources, EU member states being better connected and a common regulation on the security of supply has been introduced. Nevertheless, European dependency on natural gas remained high. This paper investigates different Russian natural gas export disruptions scenarios and analyses short- and long-term reactions in Europe. We use the Global Gas Model (GGM), a large-scale mixed complementarity representation of the natural gas sector with a high level of technical granularity with respect to storage and transportation infrastructure. While we find that most of the EU member states are not severely affected by Russian disruptions, some East European countries are very vulnerable. Prioritizing the removal of infrastructure bottlenecks is critical for securing a sufficient natural gas supply to all EU member states.","2015-05","2015-06-30 11:49:05","2015-06-30 11:49:05","2015-06-30 11:49:05","177-189","","","80","","Energy Policy","All quiet on the eastern front?","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Richter_Holz_2015_(All quiet on the eastern front).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X6U28V8N","journalArticle","2006","Kalyuzhnova, Yelena; Kaser, Michael","Prudential management of hydrocarbon revenues in resource-rich transition economies","Post-Communist Economies","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14631370600619857","","2006","2014-11-05 13:52:06","2014-11-05 13:52:06","2014-11-05 13:52:06","167–187","","2","18","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X73QRRJT","journalArticle","1998","Drake, C. J. M.","The role of ideology in terrorists' target selection","Terrorism and Political Violence","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09546559808427457","","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2012-09-18","53–85","","2","10","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X745KT38","journalArticle","2008","De Boef, Suzanna; Keele, Luke","Taking Time Seriously","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/25193805","Dramatic world change has stimulated interest in research questions about the dynamics of politics. We have seen increases in the number of time series data sets and the length of typical time series. But three shortcomings are prevalent in published time series analysis. First, analysts often estimate models without testing restrictions implied by their specification. Second, researchers link the theoretical concept of equilibrium with cointegration and error correction models. Third, analysts often do a poor job of interpreting results. The consequences include weak connections between theory and tests, biased estimates, and incorrect inferences. We outline techniques for estimating linear dynamic regressions with stationary data and weakly exogenous regressors. We recommend analysts (1) start with general dynamic models and test restrictions before adopting a particular specification and (2) use the wide array of information available from dynamic specifications. We illustrate this strategy with data on Congressional approval and tax rates across OECD countries.","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-11-05 12:54:41","","184–200","","1","52","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2008 Midwest Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X7EGAZ4D","journalArticle","2014","Mahdavi, Paasha","Why do leaders nationalize the oil industry? The politics of resource expropriation","Energy Policy","","0301-4215","10.1016/j.enpol.2014.09.023","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030142151400514X","Why do leaders nationalize the oil industry? In line with a general utility-maximizing theory, I argue that leaders nationalize to maximize state revenues while minimizing costs. The latter includes international retaliation and domestic political constraints. Using a novel longitudinal dataset on the establishment of national oil companies (NOCs), the empirical evidence presented in this paper lends support to four primary findings. States are most likely to establish NOCs (1) in periods of high oil prices, when the risks of expropriation are outweighed by the financial benefits; (2) in non-democratic systems, where executive constraints are limited; (3) in “waves”, that is, after other countries have nationalized, reflecting reduced likelihood of international retaliation; and, though with weaker empirical support, (4) in political settings marked by resource nationalism. This last factor is proxied by OPEC membership in large-N analysis and, in a two-case comparison, by the difference in retained profits between the host and foreign governments. The theory and empirics presented here offer some clues for policy makers and multinational companies alike as to when to expect leaders to opt for nationalization.","2014-12","2014-11-27 16:51:18","2014-11-27 16:51:18","2014-11-27 16:51:18","228-243","","","75","","Energy Policy","Why do leaders nationalize the oil industry?","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/BWDXACXG/Mahdavi_2014_(Why do leaders nationalize the oil industry).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X7ND3ACD","journalArticle","2012","Nordhaus, William; Oneal, John R.; Russett, Bruce","The Effects of the International Security Environment on National Military Expenditures: A Multicountry Study","International Organization","","","","","We consider the influence of countries' external security environments on their military spending. We first estimate the ex ante probability that a country will become involved in a fatal militarized interstate dispute using a model of dyadic conflict that incorporates key elements of liberal and realist theories of international relations. We then estimate military spending as a function of the threat of armed interstate conflict and other influences: arms races, the defense expenditures of friendly countries, actual military conflict, democracy, civil war, and national economic output. In a panel of 165 countries, 1950 to 2000, we find our prospectively generated estimate of the external threat to be a powerful variable in explaining military spending. A 1 percentage point increase in the aggregate probability of a fatal militarized dispute, as predicted by our liberal-realist model, leads to a 3 percent increase in a country's military expenditures.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","","491–513","","03","66","","","The Effects of the International Security Environment on National Military Expenditures","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X8MP9ZAD","journalArticle","2015","Krieger, Tim; Meierrieks, Daniel","The rise of capitalism and the roots of anti-American terrorism","Journal of Peace Research","","0022-3433, 1460-3578","10.1177/0022343314552940","http://jpr.sagepub.com/content/52/1/46","This contribution examines the role of capitalism in anti-American terrorism. It uses two theoretical frameworks, both of which contrast the pacifying effects of higher levels of capitalist development with the potentially destabilizing effects of a transition towards capitalism, but differ with respect to their definition of capitalism, capitalism’s interaction with anti-American terrorism, and its empirical operationalization. Using panel data for 149 countries between 1970 and 2007 and providing further system-level time-series evidence, this contribution finds no support for hypotheses derived from the classical capitalist peace literature. There is no evidence that anti-American terrorism increases with external economic liberalization or that it decreases with higher levels of economic openness. By contrast, hypotheses derived from economic norms theory find empirical support. Conceptualizing capitalism as social market-capitalism, this article finds that higher levels of market-capitalism are associated with less anti-American terrorism, while the process of marketization fuels it. Consistent with expectations from economic norms theory, the destabilizing effects of the marketization process may stem from the violent opposition of antimarket interest groups that have benefited from the pre-market order to the economic-cultural change initiated by a transition towards a market economy. These interest groups deliberately target the USA as the main proponent of market-capitalism, globalization, and modernity, where anti-American terrorism serves the purpose of consolidating their societal position, rolling back pro-market reforms and limiting the perceived Americanization of their communities. This contribution’s findings suggest that the USA may ultimately become a less likely target of transnational terrorism through the establishment of market economies, but should not disregard the disruptive economic-cultural effects of the marketization process in non-market economies.","2015-01-01","2015-01-15 20:31:42","2015-01-15 20:31:42","2015-01-15 20:31:42","46-61","","1","52","","Journal of Peace Research","","","","","","","","en","","","","","jpr.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Krieger_Meierrieks_2015_(The rise of capitalism and the roots of anti-American terrorism).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X8MV7R55","journalArticle","1991","Gigerenzer, Gerd","From tools to theories: A heuristic of discovery in cognitive psychology","Psychological Review","","1939-1471(Electronic);0033-295X(Print)","10.1037/0033-295X.98.2.254","","The study of scientific discovery—where do new ideas come from?—has long been denigrated by philosophers as irrelevant to analyzing the growth of scientific knowledge. In particular, little is known about how cognitive theories are discovered, and neither the classical accounts of discovery as either probabilistic induction (e.g., H. Reichenbach, 1938) or lucky guesses (e.g., K. Popper, 1959), nor the stock anecdotes about sudden ""eureka"" moments deepen the insight into discovery. A heuristics approach is taken in this review, where heuristics are understood as strategies of discovery less general than a supposed unique logic discovery but more general than lucky guesses. This article deals with how scientists' tools shape theories of mind, in particular with how methods of statistical inference have turned into metaphors of mind. The tools-to-theories heuristic explains the emergence of a broad range of cognitive theories, from the cognitive revolution of the 1960s up to the present, and it can be used to detect both limitations and new lines of development in current cognitive theories that investigate the mind as an ""intuitive statistician.""","1991","2015-04-18 00:21:50","2015-04-18 00:21:50","","254-267","","2","98","","","From tools to theories","","","","","","","","(c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved","","","","APA PsycNET","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1991/Gigerenzer_1991_(From tools to theories).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X8TNBDIQ","journalArticle","2002","Bagwell, K.; Staiger, R. W.","Economic Theory and the Interpretation of GATT/WTO","The American Economist","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/25604252","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2012-11-07","3–19","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "X95VQTD3","journalArticle","2002","Krichene, Noureddine","World crude oil and natural gas: a demand and supply model","Energy Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988302000610","This paper examines world markets for crude oil and natural gas over the period 1918–1999; it analyzes the time-series properties of output and prices and estimates demand and supply elasticities during 1918–1973 and 1973–1999. Oil and gas prices were stable during the first period; they became volatile afterwards, reflecting deep changes in the market structure following the oil shock in 1973. Demand price elasticities were too low; however, demand income elasticities were high. Supply price elasticities were also too low. The elasticity estimates help to explain the market power of the oil producers and price volatility in response to shocks, and corroborate elasticity estimates in energy studies.","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2013-09-03","557–576","","6","24","","","World crude oil and natural gas","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Crude oil; Demand and supply elasticities; Natural gas; Output; Prices; Unit roots","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XAENA7CI","report","2014","Golosov, Mikhail; Iovino, Luigi","Social Insurance, Information Revelation, and Lack of Commitment","","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w20633","","2014","2015-03-19 01:21:57","2015-03-19 01:21:57","2015-03-19 01:21:57","","","","","","","","","","","","National Bureau of Economic Research","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Golosov_Iovino_2014_(Social Insurance, Information Revelation, and Lack of Commitment).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XAMZCZ9P","journalArticle","2012","Bollen, Kenneth A.","Instrumental Variables in Sociology and the Social Sciences","Annual Review of Sociology","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-soc-081309-150141","Instrumental variable (IV) methods provide a powerful but underutilized tool to address many common problems with observational sociological data. Key to their successful use is having IVs that are uncorrelated with an equation's disturbance and that are sufficiently strongly related to the problematic endogenous covariates. This review briefly defines IVs, summarizes their origins, and describes their use in multiple regression, simultaneous equation models, factor analysis, latent variable structural equation models, and limited dependent variable models. It defines and contrasts three methods of selecting IVs: auxiliary instrumental variable, model implied instrumental variable, and randomized instrumental variable. It provides overidentification tests and weak IV diagnostics as methods to evaluate the quality of IVs. I review the use of IVs in models that assume heterogeneous causal effects. Another section summarizes the use of IVs in contemporary sociological publications. The conclusion suggests ways to improve the use of IVs and suggests that there are many areas in which IVs could be profitably used in sociological research.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2012-09-06","37–72","","1","38","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","endogeneity problem; identification; latent variables; limited dependent variables; potential outcomes; structural equation models","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XAUQBABM","journalArticle","2012","Thies, Cameron G.; Breuning, Marijke","Integrating Foreign Policy Analysis and International Relations through Role Theory","Foreign Policy Analysis","","","","","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2014-09-04 18:31:53","","1–4","","1","8","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XAVVSP9U","journalArticle","2013","Kertzer, Joshua D.","Making sense of isolationism: foreign policy mood as a multilevel phenomenon","Journal of Politics","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0022381612000989","","2013","2015-02-25 20:43:46","2015-02-25 20:45:29","2015-02-25 20:43:46","225–240","","01","75","","","Making sense of isolationism","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Kertzer_2013_(Making sense of isolationism).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XAX8GXPD","journalArticle","2012","Meunier, Sophie","The dog that did not bark: Anti-Americanism and the 2008 financial crisis in Europe","Review of International Political Economy","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09692290.2011.649674","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2013-01-31","1–25","","","","","","The dog that did not bark","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XAZU5Z7G","journalArticle","2002","Frieden, Jeffry A.","Real Sources of European Currency Policy: Sectoral Interests and European Monetary Integration","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3078650","In the thirty years before Economic and Monetary Union was achieved, European currency policies varied widely among countries and over time. In this article, I argue that the sectoral impact of regional exchange-rate arrangements, in particular their expected real effects on European trade and investment, exerted a powerful influence on the course of European monetary integration. The principal benefit of fixing European exchange rates was facilitation of cross-border trade and investment within the European Union (EU); the principal cost of fixed rates was the loss of national governments' ability to use currency policy to improve their producers' competitive position. Empirical results indeed indicate that a stronger and more stable currency was associated with greater importance of manufactured exports to the EU's hard-currency core, while depreciations were associated with an increase in the net import competition faced by the country's producers. This suggests a powerful impact of real factors related to trade and investment, and of private interests concerned about these factors, in determining national currency policies.","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:40","2014-09-04 18:31:40","","831–860","","4","56","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2002 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XBCTTZKD","journalArticle","1969","Allison, G. T.","Conceptual models and the Cuban missile crisis","American Political Science Review","","","","","","1969","2014-09-04 18:31:51","2014-09-04 18:31:51","","689–718","","3","63","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XBECHMVD","journalArticle","2005","Davey, William J.","The WTO Dispute Settlement System: The First Ten Years","Journal of International Economic Law","","","","http://jiel.oxfordjournals.org/content/8/1/17","This paper reviews the operation of the WTO's dispute settlement system during its first ten years – from 1995 to 2004. After a brief overview of the system, the experience of several major users of the system – the United States, the European Communities, Canada, Japan, Brazil and India – is examined and an evaluation is made in terms of how they have fared in advancing their major trade policy concerns on a subject matter and a country-by-country basis. Particular attention is paid to certain bilateral relationships, such as that of the United States and the EC. The paper then evaluates the system's success in settling disputes, in terms of whether disputes have been settled promptly, either through mutually agreed solutions or through implementation of panel/Appellate Body reports. The paper concludes that since its inception in 1995, the system has worked reasonably well in providing a reasonably effective mechanism through which WTO Members are able to resolve disputes, both at the consultation stage and following completion of formal dispute settlement proceedings. The system has not, however, achieved its goal of promptness in many cases.","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2013-01-31","17–50","","1","8","","","The WTO Dispute Settlement System","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XBK9W9ZR","journalArticle","2014","Mercer, Jonathan","Feeling like a state: social emotion and identity","International Theory","","1752-9727","10.1017/S1752971914000244","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1752971914000244","Can one use emotion at anything other than the individual level of analysis? Emotion happens in biological bodies, not in the space between them, and this implies that group emotion is nothing but a collection of individuals experiencing the same emotion. This article contends that group-level emotion is powerful, pervasive, and irreducible to individuals. People do not merely associate with groups (or states), they can become those groups through shared culture, interaction, contagion, and common group interest. Bodies produce emotion that identities experience: group-level emotion can be stronger than, and different from, emotion experienced as an individual; group members share, validate, and police each others’ feelings; and these feelings structure relations within and between groups in international politics. Emotion goes with identity.","2014-11","2015-06-30 16:11:22","2015-06-30 16:11:22","2015-06-30 16:11:22","515–535","","03","6","","","Feeling like a state","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Mercer_2014_(Feeling like a state).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XDMPACK7","book","2003","Schweitzer, Yoram; Shai, Shaul","The globalization of terror: the challenge of Al-Qaida and the response of the international community","","0765801973","","","","","2003","2012-10-26 04:04:33","2014-09-04 20:26:23","","","228","","","","","The globalization of terror","","","","","Transaction Publishers","New Brunswick [N.J.]","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HV6432.5.Q2 S3713 2003","","","","","2001; 2001-2009; September 11 Terrorist Attacks; Terrorism; United States; War on Terrorism","September 11 Terrorist Attacks, 2001; Terrorism; United States; War on Terrorism, 2001-2009","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XEP85M7A","journalArticle","2000","Austen-Smith, D.; Banks, J. S","Cheap talk and burned money","Journal of Economic Theory","","","","","","2000","2012-05-19 13:29:00","2014-09-04 20:13:30","","1–16","","1","91","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XEQWCAKQ","journalArticle","2007","Kroll, Mark; Walters, Bruce A.; Le, Son A.","The Impact of Board Composition and Top Management Team Ownership Structure on Post-IPO Performance in Young Entrepreneurial Firms","Academy of Management Journal","","0001-4273, 1948-0989","10.2307/AMJ.2007.20159920","http://amj.aom.org/content/50/5/1198","Challenging agency theory prescriptions for board composition, we contend that the boards of young firms that have recently gone public are best comprised of a majority of original top management team (TMT) members, rather than independent outsiders. We argue that such board members possess valuable tacit knowledge of the firms and their entrepreneurial visions and are in the best position to provide oversight. We additionally argue that outsiders should provide resources that firms' TMTs might use to execute their strategies, rather than monitor the TMTs. Our results from 1996-97 data on 524 initial public offerings support our contentions.","2007-10-01","2014-09-19 16:15:43","2014-09-19 16:15:43","2014-09-19 16:15:43","1198-1216","","5","50","","ACAD MANAGE J","","","","","","","","en","","","","","amj.aom.org","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XF28TAEP","journalArticle","2000","Guzzini, Stefano","A Reconstruction of Constructivism in International Relations","European Journal of International Relations","","","","","","2000","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","","147–182","","2","6","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XF5J3F59","journalArticle","1992","Bratton, Michael; Van de Walle, Nicolas","Popular protest and political reform in Africa","Comparative politics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/422153","","1992","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2014-09-04 18:31:55","2013-05-13","419–442","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XF7XGWXX","journalArticle","2014","Krane, Jim","An Expensive Diversion: Abu Dhabi's Renewable Energy Investments Amid a Context of Challenging Demand","The James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy, Rice University, Policy Report","","","","","","2014","2015-05-29 09:52:39","2015-05-29 09:54:35","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Krane_2014_(An Expensive Diversion).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XFFMX74M","journalArticle","2006","Correlje, a.; Vanderlinde, C.","Energy supply security and geopolitics: A European perspective","Energy Policy","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2014-09-04 18:31:54","","532–543","","5","34","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","energy security; Natural gas; oil","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XFSSU8C5","report","2006","Smith, Keith C.","Security Implications of Russian Energy Politics","","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:26","2014-09-04 18:31:26","","","","","","","","","","","","","Centre for European Policy Studies","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","41","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XG3NQMVG","journalArticle","2010","Sattler, Thomas","Democratic Accountability in Open Economies","Quarterly Journal of Political Science","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","","71–97","","1","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XG4WUZ6T","book","1999","Skocpol, Theda; Fiorina, Morris P.","Civic engagement in American democracy","","0815728107","","","","","1999","2012-09-06 16:27:09","2014-09-04 20:27:47","","","528","","","","","","","","","","Brookings Institution Press ; Russell Sage Foundation","Washington, D.C. : New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JK1764 .C5266 1999","","","","","Civil society; Democracy; Political participation; United States","Civil society; Political participation; United States","","","","Skocpol, Theda; Fiorina, Morris P.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XGBSEWAM","book","2010","Horowitz, Michael.","The diffusion of military power : causes and consequences for international politics","","069114396X","","","","","2010","2012-05-05 12:21:28","2014-09-04 20:24:07","","","","","","","","The diffusion of military power","","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton, NJ","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Balance of power.; International relations.; Military art and science – Technological innovations\textbarxEconomic aspects.; Military art and science – Technological innovations\textbarxHistory.; Military art and science – Technological innovations\textbarxPolitical aspects.; Military policy.","Balance of power.; International relations.; Military art and science -- Technological innovations|xEconomic aspects.; Military art and science -- Technological innovations|xHistory.; Military art and science -- Technological innovations|xPolitical aspects.; Military policy.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XHHHEBSB","journalArticle","2009","Knack, Stephen","Sovereign rents and quality of tax policy and administration","Journal of Comparative Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147596709000286","","2009","2015-07-16 09:38:55","2015-07-16 09:38:55","2015-07-16 09:38:55","359–371","","3","37","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XHPCC68H","newspaperArticle","2014","Kramer, Andrew E.","Russia’s Steep Rate Increase Fails to Stem Ruble’s Decline","The New York Times","","0362-4331","","http://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/17/business/russia-ruble-interest-rates.html","Despite the Russian central bank’s extraordinary effort to defend the ruble, the currency fell to record lows, inducing further panic in the nation’s financial industry.","2014-12-16","2014-12-16 23:21:19","2014-12-16 23:21:19","2014-12-16 23:21:19","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","NYTimes.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XHR8UJ9A","journalArticle","2000","Machamer, Peter; Darden, Lindley; Craver, Carl F.","Thinking about mechanisms","Philosophy of Science","","","","https://philosci24.unibe.ch/oldsite-static/documents/TexteHS09/Machamer2000.pdf","","2000","2015-02-16 20:38:33","2015-02-16 20:39:01","2015-02-16 20:38:33","1–25","","1","67","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2000/Machamer et al_2000_(Thinking about mechanisms).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XHTM87ZW","journalArticle","2015","Acharya, Ram C.","Trade Policy in Lobbying Equilibrium: With Non-Traded and Traded Final Goods and Intermediate Inputs","Economics & Politics","","1468-0343","10.1111/ecpo.12058","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ecpo.12058/abstract","The paper derives trade policies endogenously for final consumption and intermediate input industries in the presence of a non-traded sector. Contrary to what the existing literature suggests, results show that there is no definite relation between lobbying status and the direction of trade policy of an industry. Trade protection of an industry depends on how its consumption (horizontal) and production (vertical) linkages with other industries reinforce or cancel out its lobbying efforts. To cite a few results, (i) an organized industry may face trade tax, whereas an unorganized one may obtain protection; (ii) an organized downstream industry may not be able to impose trade tax to an unorganized upstream industry, (iii) an organized upstream industry may not hurt unorganized downstream industry, (iv) lobby for non-traded industry alone can influence trade policies, and (v) lobby for traded industry affects the size of the non-traded sector in the economy.","2015-07-01","2015-06-30 11:38:57","2015-06-30 11:38:57","2015-06-30 11:38:57","313-336","","2","27","","Econ Polit","Trade Policy in Lobbying Equilibrium","","","","","","","en","© 2015 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada Economics and Politics © 2015 John Wiley & Sons Ltd","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Acharya_2015_(Trade Policy in Lobbying Equilibrium)2.pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XIBQWA93","journalArticle","2009","Naoi, Megumi","Shopping for Protection: The Politics of Choosing Trade Instruments in a Partially Legalized World*","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2478.2009.00540.x/abstract","This article investigates the conditions under which states use General Agreements on Tariff and Trade (GATT)/World Trade Organization (WTO) legal measures rather than bilateral or unilateral instruments to protect domestic industries. Contrary to the conventional wisdom that international trade has become increasingly legalized and multilateralized, we demonstrate that domestic electoral politics loom large in a state's decision to resort to international law. Legislators' need to mobilize votes and campaign donations and the electoral systems had substantial effects on the government's choice to use GATT/WTO compliant protection among a wide array of protectionist instruments. The article tests this argument using new commodity-level data on trade instrument choice (subsidy, voluntary export restraints [VERs], and GATT/WTO legal measures) from the second largest economy that has experienced major electoral reform, Japan. The results lend strong support to our argument. Higher electoral competition is associated with the likelihood of using VERs and the electoral reform of 1994 was a force behind the sudden surge of legislators' interests in using WTO legal safeguard measure. The article finds, moreover, legislators strategically deviate from the new WTO rules, such as prohibition of VERs, when it is electorally beneficial to do so.","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2012-11-17","421–444","","2","53","","","Shopping for Protection","","","","","","","en","\copyright 2009 International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XIEEXJFP","journalArticle","2000","Patomaki, Heikki; Wight, Colin","After Postpositivism? The Promises of Critical Realism","International Studies Quarterly","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/3013996","This article argues that the current self-understanding of IR theory is misconceived and that it is time to move beyond the stagnant positivism/postpositivism debate. We argue that the attempt to occupy a middle ground compromise position between positivism and postpositivism is untenable because these two positions share much in common. In this sense a middle ground position between two problematic positions does not produce a less problematic position. What is needed is a metatheoretical analysis of the two extreme positions. We attempt to show how both positivism and postpositivism are embedded in a discourse of philosophical anti-realism. This anti-realism occurs as a result of what we call the post-Kantian-Humean ""problem-field"" of international relations from which most contemporary positivist, constructivist, and post-structuralist IR approaches stem. We then try to overcome this ""problemfield"" by means of radically reclaiming reality through a critical realist philosophy. Once outlined we try to show how this critical realist philosophy can help transcend some of the antinomies currently faced by IR scholars.","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","","213–237","","2","44","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2000 The International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XIJESGPK","journalArticle","2013","Hassanpour, Navid","Tracking the Semantics of Politics: A Case for Online Data Research in Political Science","PS: Political Science & Politics","","1537-5935","10.1017/S1049096513000280","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S1049096513000280","Retroactive digitization of the printed corpus reveals patterns of social evolution and political manipulation. Prior to the introduction of online search, examining the etymology of a political term helped social theorists extrapolate the historical trajectory of a political concept. Now we have tools for quantitative examination of such hypotheses. Using four case studies, I demonstrate the utility of word search dynamics in shedding light on the evolution of long-debated political phenomena. A triad of etymological explorations by Richard Koebner motivates the first three cases.","2013-04","2015-02-23 19:04:50","2015-02-23 19:04:50","2015-02-23 19:04:50","299–306","","02","46","","","Tracking the Semantics of Politics","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Hassanpour_2013_(Tracking the Semantics of Politics).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XIMP4SZP","conferencePaper","2014","Mitchell, Jocelyn Sage","Measurement Comparability in Cross-Cultural Surveys: Evidence from Qatar","APSA 2014 Annual Meeting Paper","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2453807","","2014","2015-07-09 09:03:20","2015-07-09 09:03:20","2015-07-09 09:03:20","","","","","","","Measurement Comparability in Cross-Cultural Surveys","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XIN9E7HE","journalArticle","2014","Cho, Seo-Young; Dreher, Axel; Neumayer, Eric","Determinants of Anti-Trafficking Policies: Evidence from a New Index","The Scandinavian Journal of Economics","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/sjoe.12055/full","","2014","2015-04-15 20:56:35","2015-04-15 20:56:35","2015-04-15 20:56:35","429–454","","2","116","","","Determinants of Anti-Trafficking Policies","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Cho et al_2014_(Determinants of Anti-Trafficking Policies).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XINMEKN6","book","1983","Krasner, Stephen D.","International Regimes","","0801415500","","","","","1983","2012-05-05 12:00:08","2014-09-04 20:24:37","","","372","","","","","","Cornell studies in political economy","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JX1954 .I485 1983","","","","","International organization; International relations; Research","International organization; Research","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XJ53I7J2","journalArticle","1997","Walter, Barbara F.","The Critical Barrier to Civil War Settlement","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2703607","Between 1940 and 1990, enemies in civil wars have almost always failed to reach successful negotiated solutions to their conflicts unless an outside power guaranteed their safety during the ensuing transition period. I argue that civil war opponents avoid negotiated settlements because this requires them to relinquish important fall-back defenses at a time when no neutral police force and no legitimate government exist to help them enforce the peace. Knowing they will enter a period of intense vulnerability, neither side can credibly commit to an agreement that becomes less attractive once implemented. Evidence from forty-one civil wars between 1940 and 1990 shows that civil war adversaries do, in fact, require the added reassurance of outside security guarantees before they willfully implement peace treaties. This suggests that resolving the underlying issues over which civil wars are fought is not enough to bring peace to war-torn states. Both short-term security guarantees and long-term institutional arrangements seem necessary to ensure stable and durable settlements.","1997","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2012-11-14","335–364","","3","51","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1997 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XJ8EJ3T5","journalArticle","1998","Balmaceda, Margarita","Gas, Oil and the linkages between domestic and foreign policies: The case of Ukraine","Europe-Asia Studies","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/09668139808412535#.VKQgAcaQWM4","","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:47","2014-12-31 16:10:50","","257–286","","2","50","","","Gas, Oil and the linkages between domestic and foreign policies","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XJU3TMFT","book","1988","Blainey, Geoffrey","The Causes of War","","0029035929","","","","","1988","2012-05-05 13:15:43","2014-09-04 20:13:50","","","325","","","","","","","","","","Free Press","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","U21.2 .B53 1988","","","","","20th century; Military history; Modern; War","Military history, Modern","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","3rd ed., 1st American ed","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XK85RFMC","report","2003","Antràs, Pol; Helpman, Elhanan","Global sourcing","","","","","http://www.nber.org/papers/w10082","","2003","2014-10-31 00:44:23","2014-10-31 00:44:23","2014-10-31 00:44:23","","","","","","","","","","","","National Bureau of Economic Research","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2003/Antras_Helpman_2003_(Global sourcing).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XKF25D7U","journalArticle","2004","Persson, Torsten; Tabellini, Guido","Constitutional rules and fiscal policy outcomes","American Economic Review","","","","http://investigadores.cide.edu/aparicio/persson%26tabelliniAER2004.pdf","We investigate the effect of electoral rules and forms of government on fiscal policy outcomes in a large sample of democracies. We rely on different estimation methods to address prospective problems of statistical inference, due to nonrandom selection of these constitutional rules. The findings are consistent with our theoretical priors: presidential regimes induce smaller governments than parliamentary democracies, while majoritarian elections lead to smaller governments and smaller welfare programs than proportional elections.","2004","2015-01-21 23:20:11","2015-01-21 23:23:27","2015-01-21 23:20:11","25–45","","1","94","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2004/Persson_Tabellini_2004_(Constitutional rules and fiscal policy outcomes).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XKFBAHUM","journalArticle","2014","Jensen, Nathan M.; Mukherjee, Bumba; Bernhard, William T.","Introduction: Survey and Experimental Research in International Political Economy","International Interactions","","0305-0629","10.1080/03050629.2014.899222","http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03050629.2014.899222","Studies in international political economy (IPE) that use survey-response data sets and survey (or field) experiments have grown dramatically in recent years. New developments in survey and experimental methodology have arguably influenced IPE scholars not only to think more deeply about the microfoundations of the preferences, attitudes, and political behavior of key IPE actors but also to use survey or experimental methods to test causal claims and predictions. Yet the reasons for the rapid growth in survey and experimental methods in IPE are more multifaceted. We therefore seek to answer the following three pertinent questions in the introduction. First, what are the main substantive puzzles and issue-areas that IPE scholars analyze via survey and experimental methods in their research? Second, what are the main methodological advantages and drawbacks from using survey and experimental methods in IPE? Third, what are the key substantive theoretical and empirical insights that scholars have learned from recent research in IPE that employs either survey or experimental methods (or both)? In addition to answering these questions here, we also provide a summary of each article included in the special issue. The introduction concludes with a road map for future studies on survey and experimental research in IPE.","2014-05-02","2014-12-03 02:26:38","2014-12-03 02:26:38","2014-12-03 02:26:38","287-304","","3","40","","","Introduction","","","","","","","","","","","","Taylor and Francis+NEJM","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XKT7ZZFF","journalArticle","2014","Datta, Monti Narayan; Bales, Kevin","Slavery in Europe: Part 2, Testing a Predictive Model","Human Rights Quarterly","","1085-794X","10.1353/hrq.2014.0025","https://muse.jhu.edu/journals/human_rights_quarterly/v036/36.2.datta.html","Since the passage of the Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act and the United Nations Palermo Protocols of 2000, there has been an increased focus on the magnitude and complexity of modern day slavery. Yet, surprisingly, little empirical work exists. A comprehensive review of the literature by Elżbieta Gożdziak and Micah Bump in 2008 found that quantitative methodologies were noticeably scarce and that the dominant anti-trafficking discourse was not evidence based. One reason for this scarcity has been the difficulty in obtaining reliable representative data. In this paper, we utilize a novel measure of contemporary slavery in Europe that illustrates one way to fill this gap. Using this measure as a dependent variable, we test one of the first predictive models of slavery. Employing multivariate regression analysis, we find that several predictors—state stability risk, freedom of speech, access to financial services, geography, and age—are significantly predictive of cross-national variation in slavery across Europe. We conclude by outlining a research agenda to develop a better empirical understanding of modern day slavery. This is essential for the development of more effective government policies and responses, with an eye toward the eventual significant reduction or eradication of slavery.","2014","2015-04-15 20:58:18","2015-04-15 20:58:18","2015-04-15 20:58:18","277-295","","2","36","","","Slavery in Europe","","","","","","","","","","","","Project MUSE","","Volume 36, Number 2, May 2014
","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XM3WVI99","report","2009","Stern, Jonathan","Future Gas Production in Russia : is the concern about lack of investment justified ?","","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2014-09-04 18:31:53","","","","","","","","","","","","","Oxford Institute for Energy Studies","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","October","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XM7S9G2D","journalArticle","2010","Koivisto, M.; Dunne, T.","Crisis, What Crisis? Liberal Order Building and World Order Conventions","Millennium - Journal of International Studies","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","","615–640","","3","38","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XMAGQQWI","journalArticle","2014","Simmons, Beth A.","Bargaining over BITs, Arbitrating Awards: The Regime for Protection and Promotion of International Investment","World Politics","","0043-8871, 1086-3338","10.1017/S0043887113000312","http://www.journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0043887113000312","","2014-01","2014-09-04 20:32:05","2014-09-04 20:32:05","2014-09-04 20:32:05","12-46","","01","66","","","Bargaining over BITs, Arbitrating Awards","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Simmons_2014_(Bargaining over BITs, Arbitrating Awards).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XMEPB5IP","journalArticle","2002","Berry, Jeffrey M.","Validity and Reliability Issues in Elite Interviewing","PS: Political Science and Politics","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1554809","","2002","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","","679–682","","4","35","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2002 American Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XMEVNTIF","journalArticle","1998","Maggi, Giovanni; Rodriguez‐Clare, Andres","The Value of Trade Agreements in the Presence of Political Pressures","Journal of Political Economy","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/250022","An argument often heard in favor of trade agreements is that, by committing to free trade, a government can credibly distance itself from domestic lobbies, But several existing models of endogenous protection suggest that governments have no interest in foreclosing interest group pressures since governments derive rents from the political process. We develop a small‐country model in which factors are sector‐specific in the short run but mobile in the long run. We show that in this setting a government may be worse off in the political equilibrium than under commitment to free trade, and hence it may value a trade agreement.","1998","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2012-05-19","574–601","","3","106","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XMUWZM7S","journalArticle","2003","Kydd, Andrew H.","Which side are you on? Bias, credibility, and mediation","American Journal of Political Science","","","","","","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","","597–611","","4","47","","","Which side are you on?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XNR35NUB","bookSection","1990","Alt, James E.; Shepsle, Kenneth A.","Positive political economy","Perspectives on positive political economy","","","","","","1990","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","","1–5","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Alt, James E.; Shepsle, Kenneth A.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XP4IPZP9","journalArticle","2013","Almulali, Usama; Sab, Che Normee Binti Che","Exploring the impact of oil revenues on OPEC members' macroeconomy","OPEC Energy Review","","","","http://econpapers.repec.org/article/blaopecrv/v_3a37_3ay_3a2013_3ai_3a4_3ap_3a416-428.htm","","2013","2015-09-14 21:06:45","2015-09-14 21:06:45","2015-09-14 21:06:45","416-428","","4","37","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","RePEc - Econpapers","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Almulali_Sab_2013_(Exploring the impact of oil revenues on OPEC members' macroeconomy).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XP7VKS3E","journalArticle","2014","Sattler, Thomas; Spilker, Gabriele; Bernauer, Thomas","Does WTO Dispute Settlement Enforce or Inform?","British Journal of Political Science","","1469-2112","10.1017/S0007123413000136","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0007123413000136","Whereas some researchers emphasize how World Trade Organization (WTO) dispute settlement reduces complexity and clarifies legislation, others argue that dispute rulings promote co-operation by providing an enforcement mechanism. This article identifies empirical implications from these distinct arguments and tests them on WTO disputes from 1995 to 2006. The study's analytical approach combines a three-step coding of dispute escalation with a strategic bargaining model and statistical backwards induction to account for governments’ forward-looking behavior. It finds strong support for the argument that WTO dispute settlement primarily serves as an enforcement device. It finds much less support for the argument that dispute settlement reduces complexity and clarifies trade law. These results suggest that the role of WTO dispute settlement in generating information on acceptable trade policy standards is less relevant than proponents of the complexity argument tend to assume.","2014-10","2014-09-19 15:46:39","2014-09-19 15:46:39","2014-09-19 15:46:39","877–902","","04","44","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Sattler et al_2014_(Does WTO Dispute Settlement Enforce or Inform).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XPH74P7M","journalArticle","2000","Risse, Thomas","Let's Argue!"": Communicative Action in World Politics","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2601316","This article introduces a mode of social action and interaction that has so far been largely overlooked in the U.S.-dominated international relations debate between rational choice and social constructivism that focuses mainly on the differences between instrumental rationality and norm-guided behavior. Drawing on insights from a theoretical debate within the German-speaking international relations community, I suggest that actors have a third mode of social action at their disposal: arguing and deliberating about the validity claims inherent in any communicative statement about identities, interests, and the state of the world. Arguing and truth-seeking behavior presuppose that actors no longer hold fixed interests during their communicative interaction but are open to persuasion, challenges, and counterchallenges geared toward reaching a reasoned consensus. The preconditions for argumentative rationality, particularly a ""common lifeworld"" and the mutual recognition of speakers as equals in a nonhierarchical relationship, are more common in international relations than is usually assumed. Arguing processes are more likely to occur the more actors are uncertain about their interests and even identities, the less they know about the situation in which they find themselves and the underlying ""rules of the game,"" and the more apparently irreconcilable differences prevent them from reaching an optimal rather than a merely satisfactory solution for a widely perceived problem (""problem solving""). Moreover, arguing is likely to increase the influence of the materially less powerful, be it small states or nonstate actors such as INGOs. I illustrate these claims empirically with two plausibility probes. The first concerns the East-West talks leading to a negotiated settlement of the Cold War in Europe and German unification within NATO. The second case focuses on the implementation of international human rights norms into domestic practices of Third World states.","2000","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-09-04 18:31:35","","1–39","","1","54","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 2000 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XPK4SGMD","journalArticle","2014","Gray, Julia","Domestic capacity and the implementation gap in regional trade agreements","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/47/1/55.short","","2014","2014-09-04 20:32:23","2014-09-04 20:32:23","2014-09-04 20:32:23","55–84","","1","47","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Gray_2014_(Domestic capacity and the implementation gap in regional trade agreements).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XPKNI24A","journalArticle","2008","Broz, J. Lawrence; Frieden, Jeffry; Weymouth, Stephen","Exchange rate policy attitudes: Direct evidence from survey data","IMF Staff Papers","","","","http://www.palgrave-journals.com/imfsp/journal/v55/n3/abs/imfsp200816a.html","","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2013-02-12","417–444","","3","55","","","Exchange rate policy attitudes","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XPRPTJ3Z","journalArticle","2007","Proedrou, Filippos","The EU-Russia Energy Approach under the Prism of Interdependence","European Security","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","","329–355","","3","16","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XPSJRV3N","journalArticle","2002","Macy, Michael W.; Willer, Robert","From factors to actors: Computational sociology and agent-based modeling","Annual review of sociology","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/3069238","","2002","2013-10-23 14:19:32","2013-10-23 14:19:32","2013-10-23 14:19:32","143–166","","","","","","From factors to actors","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XPUEJPSS","journalArticle","2009","Hveem, Helge","Pluralist IPE: A View from Outside the `Schools'","New Political Economy","","","","http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13563460903087516","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2014-09-04 18:31:52","","367–376","","3","14","","","Pluralist IPE","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XPUEU6FG","book","2005","Gallagher, Mary Elizabeth","Contagious capitalism: globalization and the politics oflabor in China","","0691117616","","","","","2005","2014-11-04 22:44:47","2014-11-04 22:44:47","","","240","","","","","Contagious capitalism","","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton, N.J","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HG5782 .G35","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XQ7EIXWW","journalArticle","2004","Schweller, Randall L.","Unanswered Threats: A Neoclassical Realist Theory of Underbalancing","International Security","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/4137589","","2004","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2013-01-09","159–201","","2","29","","","Unanswered Threats","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2004 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XQBP59TC","journalArticle","2011","Teschke, Benno Gerhard","Fatal attraction: a critique of Carl Schmitt's international political and legal theory","International Theory","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","","179–227","","2","3","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XQF92GPF","book","1994","Osborne, Martin J.; Rubinstein, Ariel","A course in game theory","","","","","https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=5ntdaYX4LPkC&oi=fnd&pg=PR11&ots=kCBJjb0wAw&sig=NPeo8Jp4oGIHuNIdZXgrttiixV8","","1994","2015-03-07 16:09:37","2015-03-07 16:09:55","2015-03-07 16:09:37","","","","","","","","","","","","MIT press","Boston","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1994/Osborne_Rubinstein_1994_(A course in game theory).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XQRAEUZM","book","1995","De Vany, Arthur S.","The emerging new order in natural gas: Markets versus regulation","","","","","https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=ESAK3Xw6CqYC&oi=fnd&pg=PP7&ots=W9JkCycNiP&sig=QqimROQwjUbNH4ZRE_VflE0RcV4","","1995","2015-02-02 02:15:35","2015-02-02 23:17:06","2015-02-02 02:15:35","","","","","","","The emerging new order in natural gas","","","","","Greenwood Publishing Group","New York","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XR38AD5E","journalArticle","1989","Alesina, Alberto; Mirrlees, James; Neumann, Manfred J. M.","Politics and Business Cycles in Industrial Democracies","Economic Policy","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/1344464","Influences from political competition on macroeconomic policy are often thought to be a source of economic fluctuations. Politicians are described as being driven by two, not mutually exclusive, main motivations: they want to be reelected and they harbour political, or ideological, biases. When such theories are confronted with actual cycles in a number of industrial countries, the pattern of inflation, unemployment, output, and budget deficits indicates that partisan policy making is a fairly widespread phenomenon, with more limited evidence that electoral preoccupations result in major fluctuations. The combination of partisanship and electoral cycles may easily result in socially undesirable outcomes. In particular the degree of politico-institutional stability and the independence of the Central Bank have a bearing on macroeconomic outcomes. These observations raise a number of important questions about the design of political institutions.","1989","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2012-05-18","57–98","","8","4","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XR53RD6M","journalArticle","2003","Protsyk, Oleh; Wilson, Andrew","Centre Politics in Russia and Ukraine: Patronage, Power and Virtuality","Party Politics","","","","","","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","","703–727","","6","9","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XR6AJV3R","journalArticle","2011","Sovey, Allison J.; Green, Donald P.","Instrumental variables estimation in political science: A readers’ guide","American Journal of Political Science","","","10.1111/j.1540-5907.2010.00477.x","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1540-5907.2010.00477.x/full","The use of instrumental variables regression in political science has evolved from an obscure technique to a staple of the political science tool kit. Yet the surge of interest in the instrumental variables method has led to implementation of uneven quality. After providing a brief overview of the method and the assumptions on which it rests, we chart the ways in which these assumptions are invoked in practice in political science. We review more than 100 articles published in the American Journal of Political Science, the American Political Science Review, and World Politics over a 24-year span. We discuss in detail two noteworthy applications of instrumental variables regression, calling attention to the statistical assumptions that each invokes. The concluding section proposes reporting standards and provides a checklist for readers to consider as they evaluate applications of this method.","2011","2014-11-28 15:17:51","2014-11-28 15:20:32","2014-11-28 15:17:51","188–200","","1","55","","","Instrumental variables estimation in political science","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Sovey_Green_2011_(Instrumental variables estimation in political science).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XR7TMVT2","journalArticle","2005","Simmons, B. A.; Hopkins, D. J.","The constraining power of international treaties: Theory and methods","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","","623","","4","99","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XR9THRZX","journalArticle","2009","Böhringer, M.","Really Social Syndication: A Conceptual View on Microblogging","Sprouts: Working Papers on Information Systems","","","","http://sprouts.aisnet.org/9-31","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","","","","31","9","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XRECXDW6","report","2014","Markwell, Paul; Pettit, Justin; Swanson, Andrew; Thomas, Jim","The New Frontier for National Oil Companies","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2380850","Western countries abandoned the National Oil Company (NOC) model many years ago, but the rise of NOCs has shifted the balance of control over the world’s hydrocarbon resources. In the 1970s, NOCs controlled less than 10% of the world’s energy resources, but now they control more than 90% of reserves and 75% of production. This shift comes in concert with increased access to capital, expertise and technology, as NOCs build in-house capabilities that allow them to operate increasingly independently. NOCs have been increasing their ability to contract and manage operations through oilfield services companies. We see an evolution in roles and strategies for all oil and gas companies – including NOCs, international oil companies and independents. NOCs have seen their power and influence grow. Moreover, the demands on NOCs continue to evolve with changes in the global energy landscape – changes in demand, discovery of new sources, and national and geopolitical developments. As managers of their country's natural resources, NOCs have generally owned and managed their complete oil and gas supply chain from upstream to downstream activities, but now they are emerging as both potential partners and competitors on the international scene in search of upstream and downstream assets. While the rise of NOCs, accelerated by high oil prices, has seen the balance of control over hydrocarbon resources shift in their favor, we see an increasingly disparate range of political and economic roles, strategies, and performance. In this paper we discuss several important themes in terms of NOC strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges.","2014-01-01","2015-06-14 20:58:42","2015-06-14 20:58:42","2015-06-14 20:58:42","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2380850","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XRHUKKU3","journalArticle","2012","Juris, Jeffrey S","Reflections on #Occupy Everywhere: Social media, public space, and emerging logics of aggregation","American Ethnologist","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1548-1425.2012.01362.x/full","This article explores the links between social media and public space within the #Occupy Everywhere movements. Whereas listservs and websites helped give rise to a widespread logic of networking within the movements for global justice of the 1990s–2000s, I argue that social media have contributed to an emerging logic of aggregation in the more recent #Occupy movements—one that involves the assembling of masses of individuals from diverse backgrounds within physical spaces. However, the recent shift toward more decentralized forms of organizing and networking may help to ensure the sustainability of the #Occupy movements in a posteviction phase. [social movements, globalization, political protest, public space, social media, new technologies, inequality]","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2012-05-18","259–279","","2","39","","","Reflections on #Occupy Everywhere","","","","","","","en","\copyright 2012 by the American Anthropological Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XRTRAXFG","journalArticle","2014","El-Katiri, Laura; Husain, Muna","Prospects for renewable energy in GCC states: opportunities and the need for reform","Oxford Institute for Energy Studies Paper","","","","","In this paper, we look at one potential policy response in the context of the GCC states’ rising energy needs: the promotion of alternative energy sources, specifically renewables. The potential for renewable energy, particularly solar power, in the GCC is undoubtedly vast, given the Arabian Peninsula’s highly suitable climatic conditions and the match (typical for the region) between peak sun hours and electricity demand.5 Utility generation for electricity and, in the GCC widely, for desalinated water accounts for between one and two thirds of total primary energy consumption, suggesting tremendous potential for reform in the utility sector, which would affect GCC energy markets at large.6 However, experience suggests that the potential for renewable energy in the GCC is not so much limited by resources as by economics. Domestic energy and utility market structures – including the vexed question of domestic energy pricing in the region – remain one of the most important hurdles to the systematic growth of renewables in the GCC region; this issue ties supply-sided policy success such as the promotion of renewables to further reforms on the demand side, particularly in utility pricing. We use the case of Kuwait below to examine those factors that have inhibited, and may continue to act as barriers to, the deployment of renewables in the GCC region. The rest of the paper is organized as follows. Section 2 discusses opportunities for renewable energy in the GCC. Section 3 examines policies to support renewable energy in the GCC. Section 4 concludes.","2014","2015-05-22 09:40:02","2015-07-03 06:17:06","","","","MEP 10","","","","Prospects for renewable energy in GCC states","","","","","","","English","","","","","Open WorldCat","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/El-Katiri_Husain_2014_(Prospects for renewable energy in GCC states).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XRWSC4KI","journalArticle","2003","Green, D. P.; Gerber, A. S.","The underprovision of experiments in political science","The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science","","","","","","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","","94–112","","1","589","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XRXWE77D","journalArticle","2015","Chaban, Natalia; Knodt, Michèle","Energy diplomacy in the context of multistakeholder diplomacy: The EU and BICS","Cooperation and Conflict","","0010-8367, 1460-3691","10.1177/0010836715573541","http://cac.sagepub.com/content/early/2015/04/13/0010836715573541","This paper examines a supranational actor, the European Union (EU), as a producer of energy diplomacy. This study uses a comparative analytical framework of state-centred vs. multistakeholder diplomacies to explore EU energy diplomacy towards the ‘emerging’ powers of Brazil, India, China and South Africa (BICS). It also elaborates the multistakeholder model by advocating the inclusion of a new element – a consumer of diplomatic actions – into its conceptualization. In this way the paper suggests a new synthesis of the concepts of multistakeholder and public diplomacies. Advancing the notion of energy diplomacy, our analysis suggests that this type of diplomacy goes beyond state actors as producers of diplomatic outcomes, and is no longer confined to the norms of security of supply and competitiveness; EU energy diplomacy is a complex blend of multistakeholder and state-centred diplomacies, participants (producers and consumers) and communication modes. This comprehensive approach to diplomacy – led in the EU’s case by norms of sustainability, competitiveness and security of supply – is a response to the challenges of global governance, multipolarity and multinational cross-sectoral networks.","2015-04-13","2015-04-23 13:49:20","2015-04-23 13:49:20","2015-04-23 13:49:20","0010836715573541","","","","","Cooperation and Conflict","Energy diplomacy in the context of multistakeholder diplomacy","","","","","","","en","","","","","cac.sagepub.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XS6MUQ55","book","1997","Bratton, Michael; Van de Walle, Nicolas; Lange, Peter","Democratic experiments in Africa: Regime transitions in comparative perspective","","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/production/action/cjoGetFulltext?fulltextid=6245524","","1997","2013-05-13 16:25:52","2014-09-04 20:21:59","2013-05-13 16:25:52","","","","","","","Democratic experiments in Africa","","","","","Cambridge Univ Press","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XS6VGC63","journalArticle","2013","Chernozhukov, V.; Hansen, C.","Quantile Models with Endogeneity","Annual Review of Economics","","","10.1146/annurev-economics-080511-110952","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-economics-080511-110952","In this article, we review quantile models with endogeneity. We focus on models that achieve identification through the use of instrumental variables and discuss conditions under which partial and point identification are obtained. We discuss key conditions, which include monotonicity and full-rank-type conditions, in detail. In providing this review, we update the identification results of Chernozhukov & Hansen (2005). We illustrate the modeling assumptions through economically motivated examples. We also briefly review the literature on estimation and inference.","2013","2013-09-16 09:23:45","2013-09-16 09:23:45","2013-09-16 09:23:45","57-81","","1","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","","","Quant","identification; instrumental variables; structural models; treatment effects","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XS7NBQTJ","journalArticle","2010","Salacuse, Jeswald W.","The Emerging Global Regime for Investment","Harvard International Law Journal","","","","http://heinonlinebackup.com/hol-cgi-bin/get_pdf.cgi?handle=hein.journals/hilj51§ion=13","","2010","2014-10-31 13:58:21","2014-10-31 14:28:09","2014-10-31 13:58:21","427-473","","2","51","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Salacuse_2010_(Emerging Global Regime for Investment, The).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XSIKFW7B","journalArticle","1998","Broz, J. Lawrence","The origins of central banking: solutions to the free-rider problem","International Organization","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/production/action/cjoGetFulltext?fulltextid=173244","","1998","2013-10-10 12:53:13","2013-10-10 12:53:13","2013-10-10 12:53:13","231–268","","2","52","","","The origins of central banking","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","IPE","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XSP8CCME","journalArticle","2015","Carter, David B.; Stone, Randall W.","Democracy and Multilateralism: The Case of Vote Buying in the UN General Assembly","International Organization","","1531-5088","10.1017/S0020818314000186","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0020818314000186","Democracies are more supportive of US positions on important votes in the UN General Assembly than of nondemocracies. Is this because democracies share common perspectives, or does this pattern reflect coercion? Since 1985, US law has stipulated that the US State Department identify important votes and that aid disbursements reflect voting decisions. To unravel these alternative explanations, we introduce a strategic statistical model that allows us to estimate voting preferences, vulnerability to influence, and credibility of linkage, which are theoretical quantities of interest that are not directly observable. The results reject the hypothesis of shared democratic values: poor democracies have voting preferences that are more oppositional to US positions than autocracies, and they are more willing than autocracies to take symbolic stands that may cost them foreign aid. Democracies support US positions, however, because US aid linkages are more credible when directed toward democratic countries. Splitting the sample into Cold War and post–Cold War segments, we find that the end of the Cold War changed the way US linkage strategies treated allies and left- and right-leaning governments, but the effects of democracy remained constant.","2015-12","2015-06-30 12:00:47","2015-06-30 12:00:47","2015-06-30 12:00:47","1–33","","01","69","","","Democracy and Multilateralism","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Carter_Stone_2015_(Democracy and Multilateralism).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XSS5VKNJ","journalArticle","2012","Mangena, Musa; Tauringana, Venancio; Chamisa, Eddie","Corporate Boards, Ownership Structure and Firm Performance in an Environment of Severe Political and Economic Crisis","British Journal of Management","","1467-8551","10.1111/j.1467-8551.2011.00804.x","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-8551.2011.00804.x/abstract","This study examines the relationship between board and ownership structures and firm performance in an environment of severe political and economic crisis using panel data from the Zimbabwe Stock Exchange for the period 2000–2005. The period is split into the pre-presidential election period (2000–2002) (a relatively stable political and economic period) and the post-presidential election period (2003–2005) (a hostile political and economic period) to capture the differences in the political and economic landscape. It is found that board size, ownership concentration and executive directors’ share ownership increased, while the proportion of non-executive directors fell in the post-presidential election period. Employing a system generalized method of moments approach, the study finds that performance is positively related to board size and ownership concentration in the post- (but not in the pre-) presidential election period. The results also show that performance is negatively related to executive directors’ share ownership in the post-presidential election period, but positively related in the pre-presidential election period. The relationship between performance and the proportion of non-executive directors is negative and significant in both periods. These findings support the notion that the effects of board and ownership structures depend on the nature of the firm's environment, and therefore have important implications for policy-makers.","2012-03-01","2014-09-19 16:16:00","2014-09-19 16:16:00","2014-09-19 16:16:00","S23-S41","","","23","","Brit J Manage","","","","","","","","en","© 2011 The Author(s). British Journal of Management © 2011 British Academy of Management","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Mangena et al_2012_(Corporate Boards, Ownership Structure and Firm Performance in an Environment of).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XT45IKTX","bookSection","1992","Stallings","International influence on economic policy, debt stabilization, and structural reform.","The Politics of Economic Adjustment","","","","","","1992","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:26:46","","41-89","","","","","","","","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Kaufman; Haggard, S.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XTA26D4X","blogPost","2014","Hendrix, Cullen S.","Falling oil prices, more peace?","The Monkey Cage (The Washington Post)","","","","http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/monkey-cage/wp/2014/12/03/falling-oil-prices-more-peace/","Oil-rich states generally become more belligerent when oil prices are high and more peaceful when prices are low. But the news is not all good.","2014-12-03","2015-01-13 13:28:09","2015-01-13 13:28:49","2015-01-13 13:28:09","","","","","","","","","","","","","","en-US","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/GZPPRXJT/falling-oil-prices-more-peace.html","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XTCR3Q2K","journalArticle","2009","Blattman, Christopher","From Violence to Voting: War and political participation in Uganda","American Political Science Review","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/production/action/cjoGetFulltext?fulltextid=5832068","","2009","2013-09-17 09:59:59","2013-09-17 09:59:59","2013-09-17 09:59:59","231–247","","2","103","","","From Violence to Voting","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XU6PWGVR","journalArticle","2008","He, Wei; Lyles, Marjorie A.","China's outward foreign direct investment","Business Horizons","","0007-6813","10.1016/j.bushor.2008.06.006","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S000768130800102X","China's outward foreign direct investment (FDI) is steadily increasing. The United States is now a key target for China's outward FDI, and the response by the American public tends to fall at opposite ends of the spectrum: fever or fear. Chinese FDI in the United States faces challenges posed by its liability of foreignness in political, cultural, marketing, and technological aspects. Utilizing mini case studies, we herein examine the polarized responses to Chinese outward direct investment, its history, and the challenges faced by Chinese multinational corporations operating in or attempting to enter the U.S. market. Finally, strategy suggestions are proposed.","2008-11","2014-10-02 13:05:20","2014-10-02 13:05:20","2014-10-02 13:05:20","485-491","","6","51","","Business Horizons","","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XU7DVCP8","journalArticle","2011","Feaver, Peter D.","The Right to Be Right: Civil-Military Relations and the Iraq Surge Decision","International Security","","","","http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ISEC_a_00033","President George W. Bush's Iraq surge decision in late 2006 is an interesting case for civil-military relations theory, in particular, the debate between professional supremacists and civilian supremacists over how much to defer to the military on decisions during war. The professional supremacists argue that the primary problem for civil-military relations during war is ensuring the military an adequate voice and keeping civilians from micromanaging and mismanaging matters. Civilian supremacists, in contrast, argue that the primary problem is ensuring that well-informed civilian strategic guidance is authoritatively directing key decisions, even when the military disagrees with that direction. A close reading of the available evidence—both in published accounts and in new, not-for-attribution interviews with the key players—shows that the surge decision vindicates neither camp. If President Bush had followed the professional supremacists, there would have been no surge because his key military commanders were recommending against that option. If Bush had followed the civilian supremacists to the letter, however, there might have been a revolt of the generals, causing the domestic political props under the surge to collapse. Instead, Bush's hybrid approach worked better than either ideal type would have.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2013-01-09","87–125","","4","35","","","The Right to Be Right","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XU7WWU4I","journalArticle","1993","Sen, A.","Internal consistency of choice","ECONOMETRICA-EVANSTON ILL-","","","","","","1993","2014-09-04 18:31:45","2014-09-04 18:31:45","","495–495","","","61","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XUV9GNU7","journalArticle","2014","Hughes, Llewelyn","The limits of energy independence: Assessing the implications of oil abundance for U.S. foreign policy","Energy Research & Social Science","","2214-6296","10.1016/j.erss.2014.07.001","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214629614000796","How will energy abundance affect U.S. policymakers’ willingness to underwrite the international energy system? This paper uses the correlates of support for energy independence in domestic U.S. oil policy to identify the marginal effect of oil import dependence in shaping the external behavior of the United States in relation to oil. An econometric study is carried out of an original panel dataset of votes on oil-related legislation in the U.S. Senate from 1992 to 2007. The paper finds that support for reducing the risk of oil import dependence is clustered around more unilateralist legislators who prefer to maximize freedom of action in U.S. foreign policy. By extension, this suggests the transformation of oil supply in North America to oil abundance is likely to have some effect on U.S. foreign policy, but this effect will be conditioned by the diversity of policymaker positions toward the importance of oil import dependence, and the variety of motivations driving policymaker support for intervention in oil markets. The findings are robust across a battery of different estimation strategies, including an instrumental variables approach using unique characteristics of the oil industry to control for potential problems with endogeneity.","2014-09","2014-11-29 04:03:24","2014-11-29 04:03:24","2014-11-29 04:03:24","55-64","","","3","","Energy Research & Social Science","The limits of energy independence","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Hughes_2014_(The limits of energy independence).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XVHHBZCI","blogPost","2013","Buge, Max; Egeland, Matias; Kowalski, Przemyslaw; Sztajerowska, Monika","State-owned enterprises in the global economy: Reason for concern?","VoxEU.org","","","","http://www.voxeu.org/article/state-owned-enterprises-global-economy-reason-concern","State-owned enterprises have become global players and the subject of much policymaking concern. There is a widespread perception that they may be acting differently when competing with private firms in the global market place. This column introduces a new database on state-owned firms that shows that more than one in ten of the world’s largest firms are state-owned. These new data should help governments formulate informed and balanced policy responses.","2013-05-02","2014-11-22 20:59:07","2014-11-22 21:01:53","2014-11-22 20:59:07","","","","","","","State-owned enterprises in the global economy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/WAXGXBUW/state-owned-enterprises-global-economy-reason-concern.html","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XVPXIVSP","journalArticle","2007","Kalyvas, Stathis N.; Kocher, Matthew Adam","How “Free” is Free Riding in Civil Wars?: Violence, Insurgency, and the Collective Action Problem","World Politics","","","","","That rebels face a collective action problem is one of the most widely shared assumptions in the literature on civil wars. The authors argue that the collective action paradigm can be both descriptively inaccurate and analytically misleading when it comes to civil wars. They question both pillars of the paradigm as applied to the study of civil wars, namely, the free-riding incentive generated by the public goods dimension of insurgency and the risks of individual participation in insurgent collective action. The authors argue, instead, that although insurgent collective action may entail the expectation of future collective benefits, public (rather than just private) costs tend to predominate in the short term. Moreover, the costs of nonparticipation and free riding may equal or even exceed those of participation. The authors support these claims by triangulating three types of evidence: historical evidence from counterinsurgency operations in several civil wars; data from the Vietnam War's Phoenix Program; and regional evidence from the Greek Civil War. They conclude by drawing implications for the study of civil wars.","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:33","2014-09-04 18:31:33","","177–216","","02","59","","","How “Free” is Free Riding in Civil Wars?","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XVQHA8HS","journalArticle","2012","Aguiar-Conraria, Luís; Magalhães, Pedro C.; Soares, Maria Joana","Cycles in Politics: Wavelet Analysis of Political Time Series","American Journal of Political Science","","","","","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","","no","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XWC9DJW2","journalArticle","1982","Laitin, David D.","Capitalism and Hegemony: Yorubaland and the International Economy","International Organization","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2706458","Certain relationships among hegemony, international openness, capitalism, and state formation are stipulated by Polanyi, Kindleberger, Gilpin, Krasner, and Wallerstein. Here they are put to question through an examination of the rise and fall of the Yoruba state in the 18th and 19th centuries. In contrast to what widely held theories would predict, the Yoruba state was strengthened through greater exposure to international commerce. Second, from the point of view of African traders, the rise of British hegemony meant a decline in freedom to trade. Third, although the remnants of the Yoruba state were on the periphery of the world economy, its traders were able to penetrate international markets, even during periods of international economic crisis, with considerable success. In light of these findings, some suggestions are made for the reformulation of conventional theories.","1982","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2012-12-28","687–713","","4","36","","","Capitalism and Hegemony","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1982 University of Wisconsin Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XX4NGQI2","journalArticle","2004","Hogg, Michael A.; Abrams, Dominic; Otten, Sabine; Hinkle, Steve","The Social Identity Perspective: Intergroup Relations, Self-Conception, and Small Groups","Small Group Research","","","","","","2004","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:24:03","","246-276","","3","35","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XX9QC8KE","journalArticle","2007","Hughes, Llewelyn","Why Japan will not go nuclear (yet): international and domestic constraints on the nuclearization of Japan","International Security","","","","http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/isec.2007.31.4.67","","2007","2013-10-10 12:43:53","2013-10-10 12:43:53","2013-10-10 12:43:53","67–96","","4","31","","","Why Japan will not go nuclear (yet)","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XXF9FKQT","report","2007","Larsson, Robert L.","Tackling Dependency : The EU and its Energy Security Challenges","","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:52","2014-09-04 18:31:52","","","","","","","","","","","","","FOI: Swedish Defence Research Agency","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","October","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XXW9HMW6","journalArticle","2009","Davis, Christina L.","Overlapping Institutions in Trade Policy","Perspectives on Politics","","1537-5927","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/40407210","This article examines the effect of overlapping institutions in trade policy, where the World Trade Organization, preferential trade agreements, and other economic negotiation venues give states many options for negotiating rules and settling disputes. This article argues that overlapping institutions influence trade politics at three stages: selection of venue, negotiation of liberalization commitments, and enforcement of compliance. First, lobby groups and governments on both sides of a trade negotiation try to choose the set of rules that will favor their preferred outcome. WTO rules that restrict use of coercive tactics outside of the WTO generate a selection process that filters the most difficult trade issues into WTO trade rounds or dispute adjudication while easier issues are settled in bilateral and regional fora. This selection dynamic creates a challenge at the negotiation stage by disaggregating interest group pressure for liberalization commitments. The narrowing of interest group lobbying for the multilateral process may impede negotiation of liberalization agreements that could only gain political support through a broad coalition of exporter mobilization. At the enforcement stage international regime complexity creates the potential for contradictory legal rulings that undermine compliance, but also adds greater penalties for noncompliance if reputation effects operate across agreements.","2009-03-01","2014-02-07 19:54:20","2014-02-07 19:54:20","2014-02-07 19:54:20","25-31","","1","7","","Perspectives on Politics","","","","","","","","","Copyright © 2009 American Political Science Association","","","","JSTOR","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XZ9AE9J9","book","1975","Gilpin, Robert","U.S. power and the multinational corporation: the political economy of foreign direct investment","","0465089518","","","","","1975","2014-10-30 23:54:47","2014-10-30 23:54:47","","","291","","","","","U.S. power and the multinational corporation","The Political economy of international relations series","","","","Basic Books","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HF1455 .G5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XZEZ4ECX","journalArticle","2012","Theodoridis, Alexander G.; Nelson, Amy J.","Of BOLD Claims and Excessive Fears: A Call for Caution and Patience Regarding Political Neuroscience","Political Psychology","","","","","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","","27–43","","1","33","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XZWTX3XA","journalArticle","2014","Lucas, Samuel R.; Szatrowski, Alisa","Qualitative Comparative Analysis in Critical Perspective","Sociological Methodology","","0081-1750, 1467-9531","10.1177/0081175014532763","http://smx.sagepub.com/content/44/1/1","Qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) appears to offer a systematic means for case-oriented analysis. The method not only offers to provide a standardized procedure for qualitative research but also serves, to some, as an instantiation of deterministic methods. Others, however, contest QCA because of its deterministic lineage. Multiple other issues surrounding QCA, such as its response to measurement error and its ability to ascertain asymmetric causality, are also matters of interest. Existing research has demonstrated the use of QCA on real data, but such data do not allow one to establish the method’s efficacy, because the true causes of real social phenomena are always contestable. In response, the authors analyze several simulated data sets for which true causal processes are known. They find that QCA finds the correct causal story only 3 times across 70 different solutions, and even these rare successes, on closer examination, actually reveal additional fundamental problems with the method. Further epistemological analyses of the results find key problems with QCA’s stated epistemology, and results indicate that QCA fails even when its stated epistemological claims are ontologically accurate. Thus, the authors conclude that analysts should reject both QCA and its epistemological justifications in favor of existing effective methods and epistemologies for qualitative research.","2014-08-01","2014-10-15 11:38:05","2014-10-15 11:38:05","2014-10-15 11:38:05","1-79","","1","44","","Sociological Methodology","","","","","","","","en","","","","","smx.sagepub.com.proxy.library.georgetown.edu","","","","","","","asymmetric causality; case-oriented research; determinism; epistemology; identification; QCA","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "XZZIMFCK","journalArticle","2014","Nyhan, Brendan; Montgomery, Jacob M.","Connecting the Candidates: Consultant Networks and the Diffusion of Campaign Strategy in American Congressional Elections","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ajps.12143/full","","2014","2014-09-29 19:58:41","2014-09-29 19:58:41","2014-09-29 19:58:41","","","","","","","Connecting the Candidates","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z25DKNVI","journalArticle","2003","Abadie, Alberto; Gardeazabal, Javier","The Economic Costs of Conflict: A Case Study of the Basque Country","American Economic Review","","","","http://www.nyu.edu/gsas/dept/politics/faculty/beck/abadie_aer.pdf","","2003","2015-07-09 08:57:42","2015-07-09 08:58:47","","113-132","","1","93","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2003/Abadie_Gardeazabal_2003_(The Economic Costs of Conflict).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z2HCW9IX","journalArticle","1990","Milgrom, Paul; Roberts, John","Bargaining costs, influence costs, and the organization of economic activity","Perspectives on positive political economy","","","","https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=wKJu6g5ovhcC&oi=fnd&pg=PA57&dq=schelling+crisis+bargaining+economics&ots=AY4XrYoVwH&sig=TpvovGjWNhaKaghCp9DFUL-DMAw","","1990","2015-02-17 13:37:33","2015-02-17 13:37:33","2015-02-17 13:37:33","60","","","57","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z2J6CB98","journalArticle","2003","Bendor, Jonathan; Diermeier, Daniel; Ting, Michael","A Behavioral Model of Turnout","American Political Science Review","","1537-5943","10.1017.S0003055403000662","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0003055403000662","The so-called “paradox of voting” is a major anomaly for rational choice theories of elections. If voting is costly and citizens are rational, then in large electrorates the expected turnout would be small, for if many people voted the chance of anyone being pivotal would be too small to make the act worthwhile. Yet many people do vote, even in large national elections. To address this puzzle we construct a model of adaptive rationality: Citizens learn by simple trial and error, repeating satisfactory actions and avoiding unsatisfactory ones. (Their aspiration levels, which code current payoffs as satisfactory or unsatisfactory, are also endogenous, themselves adjusting to experience.) Our main result is that agents who adapt in this manner turn out in substantial numbers even in large electorates and even if voting is costly for everyone.We would like to thank Stephen Ansolabehere, Sorin Antohi, Glenn Ellison, Dedre Gentner, Sunil Kumar, David Laitin, Tze Lai, Arthur Lupia, Elijah Millgram, Lincoln Moses, Scott Page, Tom Palfrey, John Patty, Paul Pfleiderer, Adam Simon, Joel Sobel, Carole Uhlaner, three anonymous referees, and the participants in the Political Economics seminar at the GSB, the Stanford–CalTech workshop, the UNC American Politics Research Group, the UCLA conference on Cognition, Emotion, and Rational Choice, panels at the Annual Meetings of the MPSA and the APSA, the Agent 2000 Workshop, the Seventh Annual Wallis Conference, the CMU–Pitt Colloquium Series, and the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences seminar series for their helpful comments. This paper was written while Ting was at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and he thanks UNC's Department of Political Science for its support. It was revised while Bendor was a Fellow at the CASBS, and he is grateful for the Center's financial and intellectual support.","2003-05","2015-09-23 15:49:19","2015-09-23 15:49:19","2015-09-23 15:49:19","261–280","","02","null","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2003/Bendor et al_2003_(A Behavioral Model of Turnout).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z347DFSV","book","2004","Barnett, Michael; Finnemore, Martha","Rules for the World: International Organizations in Global Politics","","","","","","","2004","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:13:39","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca, NY","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z36B4RZR","report","2012","Stevens, Paul; Hulbert, Matthew","Oil Prices: Energy Investment, Political Stability in the Exporting Countries and OPEC's Dilemma","","","","","http://www.chathamhouse.org//node/6667","Chatham House publishes award-winning reports, briefings, research papers and books. It also produces the leading journal International Affairs and The World Today magazine.","2012","2015-06-20 10:39:14","2015-06-20 10:39:43","2015-06-20 10:39:14","","","","","","","Oil Prices","","","","","Chatham House: The Royal Institute of International Affairs","","","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Stevens_Hulbert_2012_(Oil Prices).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z39WDFXC","journalArticle","2011","Dixit, Avinash","International Trade, Foreign Direct Investment, and Security","Annual Review of Economics","","","10.1146/annurev-economics-111809-125110","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-economics-111809-125110","The main focus of this review is on international trade and foreign direct investment when the institutions that provide the security of property rights and enforcement of contracts are imperfect. Some issues of national security related to poor governance of international transactions are also considered. The discussion organizes a selective overview of the literature and offers some suggestions for future research.","2011","2013-10-14 20:46:00","2013-10-14 20:46:00","2013-10-14 20:46:00","191-213","","1","3","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","","","FDI; Trade","contract enforcement; governance institutions; National security; property rights","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z3HIU7XG","journalArticle","2001","King, G.; Zeng, L.","Logistic regression in rare events data","Political analysis","","","","","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:25","2014-09-04 18:31:25","","137–163","","2","9","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z3QDJXBP","journalArticle","2009","Maoz, Zeev","The Effects of Strategic and Economic Interdependence on International Conflict across Levels of Analysis","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/25193877","This study develops a Social Network Analytic approach to conceptualize and measure interdependence across levels of analysis. This framework contains several innovations. First, it integrates ""sensitivity interdependence""-the effects of changes in one state on other states-with ""vulnerability interdependence""-the opportunity costs of breaking a relationship. Second, it measures interdependence at different levels of analysis and across multiple relationships. Third, it integrates multiple dimensions of interdependence into a single measure. I derive hypotheses from the realist and liberal paradigms regarding the effects of strategic and economic interdependence on monadic, dyadic, and systemic conflict. These hypotheses are tested via data on alliances, military capability, and trade. The findings provide robust support to the expectations of the liberal paradigm regarding the effects of strategic and economic interdependence on conflict. On the other hand, the expectations of the realist paradigm are not supported. I discuss the theoretical and empirical implications of this approach.","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2014-09-04 18:31:38","2013-01-31","223–240","","1","53","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2009 Midwest Political Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z44IEJN7","manuscript","2011","Jaeger, Mark Daniel","The Psychology of Securitization","","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:32:02","2014-09-04 18:32:02","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z47CWAU6","manuscript","2011","Pouliot, Vincent","Putting Practice Theory in Practice","","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:56","2014-09-04 18:31:56","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z52QVR7Z","journalArticle","2000","Henisz, W. J.","The institutional environment for multinational investment","Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization","","8756-6222, 1465-7341","10.1093/jleo/16.2.334","http://jleo.oxfordjournals.org/content/16/2/334","This article posits that the effect of political hazards on the choice of market entry mode varies across multinational firms based on the extent to which they face expropriation hazards from their potential joint-venture partners in the host country (the level of contractual hazards). As political hazards increase, the multinational faces an increasing threat of opportunistic expropriation by the government. Partnering with host-country firms that possess a comparative advantage in interactions with the host-country government can safeguard against this hazard. However, as contractual hazards increase, the potential benefit to the joint-venture partner of manipulating the political system for it's own benefit at the expense of the multinational increases as well, thereby diminishing the hazard-mitigating benefit of forming a joint venture. A two-stage bivariate probit estimation technique is used to test these hypotheses on a sample of 3,389 overseas manufacturing operations by 461 firms in 112 countries.","2000-10-01","2013-10-11 12:46:30","2013-10-11 12:46:30","2013-10-11 12:46:30","334-364","","2","16","","JLEO","","","","","","","","en","","","","","jleo.oxfordjournals.org","","","","","","FDI","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z58CGFU7","journalArticle","2013","Elman, Colin","Duck-Rabbits in Social Analysis A Tale of Two Cultures","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/46/2/266","This article differentiates between three approaches to methodological diversity: monism, pluralism, and eclecticism. It suggests that in advancing a set-theoretic understanding of qualitative research, A Tale of Two Cultures makes an unusually strong argument for robust pluralism. The article anticipates three types of critiques that are likely to be made of the book: Monists will argue that pluralism is an illusion; quantitative researchers will suggest that Goertz and Mahoney inaccurately describe quantitative methods; and qualitative researchers will express doubts as to whether their tradition can be best understood using set theory. The article mainly focuses on the third of these responses, and suggests that even if A Tale of Two Cultures is not always convincing as a descriptive account of current practices, it holds considerable promise as a prescriptive agenda.","2013","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2014-09-04 18:32:00","2013-01-18","266–277","","2","46","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","eclecticism; monism; pluralism; process tracing; qualitative research","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z5N8A6UD","journalArticle","2000","Bohn, Henning; Deacon, Robert T.","Ownership risk, investment, and the use of natural resources","American Economic Review","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/117341","","2000","2015-07-16 08:53:03","2015-07-16 08:53:23","2015-07-16 08:53:03","526–549","","3","90","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2000/Bohn_Deacon_2000_(Ownership risk, investment, and the use of natural resources).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z5QE29WB","journalArticle","2013","Majumdar, Sudipa; Varadarajan, Damodharan","Firm Performance in the United Arab Emirates–Does Ownership Matter?","International Review of Business Research Papers","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2411665","","2013","2015-12-02 19:53:11","2015-12-02 19:53:11","2015-12-02 19:53:11","","","6","4","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Majumdar_Varadarajan_2013_(Firm Performance in the United Arab Emirates–Does Ownership Matter).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z5WD9GSM","journalArticle","2014","Gailmard, Sean; Patty, John W.","Preventing Prevention","","","","","http://sites.duke.edu/2014bmp/files/2014/10/Gailmard_Patty.pdf","","2014","2014-10-15 22:41:43","2014-10-15 22:41:43","2014-10-15 22:41:43","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Gailmard_Patty_2014_(Preventing Prevention).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z5XXG5GX","journalArticle","2015","Johnson, Juliet; Barnes, Andrew","Financial nationalism and its international enablers: The Hungarian experience","Review of International Political Economy","","","10.1080/09692290.2014.919336","","Viktor Orbán and his centre-right Fidesz party won Hungary's April 2010 parliamentary elections in a landslide, running on a nationalist-populist platform of economic self-rule. This paper explores Hungary's financial nationalist turn and its surprisingly successful resistance to IMF and EU pressures to change course. We open by theorizing financial nationalism, and then trace its ideational roots and contemporary character in Hungary. We subsequently argue that two international factors ironically enabled Orbán to take his financial nationalist ideas from theory to practice: 1) IMF and EU policies that first contributed to Fidesz's electoral victory and then made it difficult to counter Orbán once in power; and 2) the tolerant behavior of international bond markets. In particular, Orbán's willingness and ability to use unorthodox, financial nationalist policies to control government deficits and debt both reduced EU and IMF leverage over Hungary and encouraged bond markets to overlook the unsavory politics that produced those numbers.","2015-05-04","2015-06-30 10:50:44","2015-06-30 10:50:44","","535-569","","3","22","","Review of International Political Economy","Financial nationalism and its international enablers","","","","","","","","","","","","IngentaConnect","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z5XZAD6C","journalArticle","2006","Cronin, Audrey Kurth","How Al-Qaida Ends: The Decline and Demise of Terrorist Groups","International Security","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/4137538","Al-Qaida will end. The fear that a small terrorist organization with a loose network has transformed itself into a protracted global ideological struggle without an end in sight is misguided. There are centuries of experience with modern terrorist movements, many bearing important parallels with al-Qaida; yet the lessons arising from the demise of these groups are little studied. Unfortunately, terrorist organizations in their final stages are often at their most dangerous. The outcomes can range from implosion of a group and its cause to transition to astonishing acts of violence and interstate war. Comparing al-Qaida's differences and similarities with those of earlier terrorist organizations, and applying relevant lessons to this case, can provide insights into al-Qaida's likely demise. It can also inform thinking about how to manage and hasten al-Qaida's end.","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2014-09-04 18:31:57","2012-09-21","7–48","","1","31","","","How Al-Qaida Ends","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 2006 The MIT Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z63M2KVI","journalArticle","2011","Henne, Peter","Assessing Parallel Explanations: A Method for Disentangling Competing Explanations in Qualitative International Relations Research","SSRN eLibrary","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1902109","Because of the complexity of social life, most topics of interest to political scientists have numerous compelling explanations. Moreover, in many cases the alternative explanations not only point to the same behavior, but contribute partially to the outcome. Such instances of parallel explanations for a phenomenon can greatly complicate qualitative analysis. This is a problem throughout social science but occurs frequently in international relations, particularly in the debate between material and ideational causes in state behavior; in many cases. Quantitative studies can draw on large sample sizes to control for variation in alternative explanations, but the nature of qualitative analysis makes the use of such techniques difficult. And existing qualitative methods often require more data than is available in many international relations cases or struggle to deal with the problem of parallel explanations. This paper presents a method through which this problem can be addressed by drawing from work in the field of comparative historical analysis. This method of parallel causal elaboration helps to structure relationships among possible causal factors and competing theories to enable the resolution of the problem of parallel explanations. The paper applies the method to the case of the end of the Cold War.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2012-08-09","","","","","","","Assessing Parallel Explanations","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cold War; comparative historical analysis; international relations theory; qualitative methodology","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z65FI2TC","journalArticle","2013","Gray, Julia","Can Foreign Aid Buy Cooperation? External Funding and International Organizational Adaptation","","","","","https://www.princeton.edu/politics/about/file-repository/public/outside_funding_nov10_2013.pdf","","2013","2014-09-29 02:16:16","2014-09-29 02:16:16","2014-09-29 02:16:16","","","","","","","Can Foreign Aid Buy Cooperation?","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Gray_2013_(Can Foreign Aid Buy Cooperation).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z6EE6CWK","journalArticle","2015","Cornut, Jérémie","To be a diplomat abroad: Diplomatic practice at embassies","Cooperation and Conflict","","0010-8367, 1460-3691","10.1177/0010836715574912","http://cac.sagepub.com/content/early/2015/04/13/0010836715574912","This article shows that the simultaneous management of three different social roles – knowledge producer, representative of a government, and bureaucrat – defines the everyday work and practice of contemporary diplomats posted at embassies. This argument rests on an analysis of information gathering in Western embassies before, during and after the eighteen days of the revolt that ousted Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak in 2011. I first identify various practices influencing diplomatic knowledge and prompting the production of particular interpretations of the revolt in Egypt. I then analyze how actors manage multiple positions and dispositions within overlapping social fields. This point illustrates what practice theorists mean when they assert that agents are always speaking from a position. Overall, the article unravels what being a diplomat posted abroad actually consists of in practice, complementing existing studies on the diplomatic mode of knowledge production. I provide insights on the interactions between diplomats and non-state actors and show that diplomats’ social skills and analytic competence constantly require and support each other.","2015-04-13","2015-04-23 13:48:56","2015-04-23 13:48:56","2015-04-23 13:48:56","0010836715574912","","","","","Cooperation and Conflict","To be a diplomat abroad","","","","","","","en","","","","","cac.sagepub.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z6K5MZNQ","journalArticle","2009","Tsai, Chih-Fong; Hsu, Yu-Feng; Lin, Chia-Ying; Lin, Wei-Yang","Intrusion detection by machine learning: A review","Expert Systems with Applications","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com.proxy.library.georgetown.edu/science/article/pii/S0957417409004801","","2009","2014-09-29 02:23:27","2014-09-29 02:23:27","2014-09-29 02:23:27","11994–12000","","10","36","","","Intrusion detection by machine learning","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z76SCGJD","journalArticle","1955","Mandelbaum, Maurice","Societal Facts","The British Journal of Sociology","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/587130","","1955","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2014-09-04 18:31:48","","305–317","","4","6","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1955 The London School of Economics and Political Science","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z7XHBZQZ","journalArticle","2010","Kalotay, Kalman; Sulstarova, Astrit","Modelling Russian outward FDI","Journal of International Management","","10754253","10.1016/j.intman.2010.03.004","http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1075425310000207","","2010-06","2015-09-21 15:55:10","2015-09-21 15:55:10","2015-09-21 15:55:10","131-142","","2","16","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Kalotay_Sulstarova_2010_(Modelling Russian outward FDI).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z82ZD6D2","journalArticle","2010","McCarthy, Daniel R","Open Networks and the Open Door: American Foreign Policy and the Narration of the Internet1","Foreign Policy Analysis","","","","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1743-8594.2010.00124.x/full","This article explains the US foreign policy discourse surrounding human rights, democracy and the Internet as the pursuit of “technological closure” for the network. US policymakers draw upon international norms and values to construct a symbolically powerful argument regarding the valid material composition of the Internet. Through these arguments, the US creates a narrative that casts its vision for the Internet as moral, just and progressive. In contrast, opponents of the American vision of the Internet are cast as backward states impeding the flow of history. In the process, the contested nature of the technology and its contingent nature are sidelined, naturalizing and reifying its historically and culturally specific evolution, to the benefit of American foreign policy aims. I will outline the politics of identity construction, and the meaning attached to the technological structure of the Internet, as central to the ongoing contestation over its form. Finally, I will Note_null_null how the narrative created by US foreign policymakers legitimizes their material practice of supporting anticensorship technologies.","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2012-05-18","89–111","","1","7","","","Open Networks and the Open Door","","","","","","","en","\copyright 2010 International Studies Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z8GF53BV","journalArticle","1983","Sobel, Joel; Takahashi, Ichiro","A multistage model of bargaining","The Review of Economic Studies","","","","http://restud.oxfordjournals.org/content/50/3/411.short","","1983","2015-03-16 01:14:58","2015-03-16 01:14:58","2015-03-16 01:14:58","411–426","","3","50","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//1983/Sobel_Takahashi_1983_(A multistage model of bargaining).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z8HW8MEW","book","2011","Enders, W.; Sandler, T.","The political economy of terrorism","","","","","http://books.google.ca/books?hl=en&lr=&id=feC4d5c4V5wC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&ots=VncYhykIMU&sig=yhIAEll5WpCI3iqQj68silb1Jjc","","2011","2012-09-18 18:00:15","2014-09-04 20:22:47","2012-09-18 18:00:15","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Univ Pr","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "Z99PZX4U","journalArticle","2015","Cooper, Andrew F.; Pouliot, Vincent","How much is global governance changing? The G20 as international practice","Cooperation and Conflict","","0010-8367, 1460-3691","10.1177/0010836715576007","http://cac.sagepub.com/content/early/2015/04/13/0010836715576007","Is the G20 transforming global governance, or does it reinforce the status quo? In this article we argue that as innovative as some diplomatic practices of the G20 may be, we should not overstate their potential impact. More specifically, we show that G20 diplomacy often reproduces many oligarchic tendencies in global governance, while also relaxing club dynamics in some ways. On the one hand, the G20 has more inductees who operate along new rules of the game and under a new multilateral ethos of difference. But, on the other hand, the G20 still comprises self-appointed rulers, with arbitrary rules of membership and many processes of cooption and discipline. In overall terms, approaching G20 diplomacy from a practice perspective not only provides us with the necessary analytical granularity to tell the old from the new, it also sheds different light on the dialectics of stability and change on the world stage. Practices are processes and as such they are always subject to evolutionary change. However, because of their structuring effects, diplomatic practices also tend to inhibit global transformation and reproduce the existing order.","2015-04-13","2015-04-23 13:47:00","2015-04-23 13:47:00","2015-04-23 13:47:00","0010836715576007","","","","","Cooperation and Conflict","How much is global governance changing?","","","","","","","en","","","","","cac.sagepub.com","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZATGNECJ","book","2001","Raddock, David M.","Navigating New Markets Abroad: Charting a Course for the International Businessperson","","9780742502062","","","","This book emphasizes a central factor in foreign business competition: understanding the obstacles and risks that impede new enterprises abroad. In an era of globalism, Navigating New Markets Abroad offers a judicious approach to corporate strategic planning and international marketing that derives from political science, sociology, psychology, and economics and is applied to the author's own experience with the reality of impact at the bottom line. In this updated second edition, macroeconomic variables and business conditions are examined along with political influences in order to evaluate the potential problems in doing business in Third World and economically disadvantaged countries. The book shows how despite the many factors that can make or break a business—ranging frim terrorism and social revolution to crises involving change in leadership in the host country and the red tape that our government can produce—one can be positioned to maximize the options and determine the outcome of one's venture.","2001","2015-02-27 15:49:50","2015-02-27 15:49:50","","","268","","","","","Navigating New Markets Abroad","","","","","Rowman & Littlefield","","en","","","","","Google Books","","","","","https://books.google.com/books?id=nE0fEZ9VmHEC","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZB4WAR8R","book","2001","Schultz, Kenneth A; ebrary, Inc","Democracy and Coercive Diplomacy","","9786610432820","","","http://site.ebrary.com/lib/georgetown/docDetail.action?docID=10063445","","2001","2012-05-05 12:07:35","2014-09-04 20:26:21","2012-05-05 12:07:35","","1","","","","","","Cambridge studies in international relations","76","","","Cambridge University Press","Cambridge U.K. ; New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JZ6374 .S38 2001eb","","","","","Democracy; Diplomatic negotiations in international disputes; Electronic books; International relations; Threats","Diplomatic negotiations in international disputes; Electronic books; Threats","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZB9SIKKR","journalArticle","2007","Leventoğlu, B.; Slantchev, B. L","The armed peace: a punctuated equilibrium theory of war","American Journal of Political Science","","","10.1111/j.1540-5907.2007.00279.x","","According to a leading rationalist explanation, war can break out when a large, rapid shift of power causes a credible commitment problem. This mechanism does not specify how inefficient fighting can resolve this cause, so it is an incomplete explanation of war. We present a complete information model of war as a sequence of battles and show that although opportunities for a negotiated settlement arise throughout, the very desirability of peace creates a commitment problem that undermines its likelihood. Because players have incentives to settle as soon as possible, they cannot credibly threaten to fight long enough if an opponent launches a surprise attack. This decreases the expected duration and costs of war and causes mutual deterrence to fail. Fighting's destructiveness improves the credibility of these threats by decreasing the benefits from continuing the war and can eventually lead to peace. In equilibrium players can only terminate war at specific windows of opportunity and fighting results in escalating costs that can leave both players worse off at the time peace is negotiated than a full concession would have before the war began.","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-12-31 16:21:57","","755–771","","4","51","","","The armed peace","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZBK6D5DZ","book","2004","Arnott, Robert","Oil and gas reserves: Communication with the financial sector","","","","","http://www.gmec-ee.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Oil-and-Gas-Reserves-Communication-with-the-financial-sector.pdf","","2004","2014-10-03 18:05:12","2014-10-03 18:05:12","2014-10-03 18:05:12","","","","","","","Oil and gas reserves","","","","","Oxford Institute for Energy Studies & Chatham House","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2004/Arnott_2004_(Oil and gas reserves).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZBKM9MT5","book","2011","Victor, David G.","Global warming gridlock: creating more effective strategies for protecting the planet","","","","","http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=pfuSar62i8wC&oi=fnd&pg=PR5&dq=Global+Warming+Gridlock&ots=YrxrntiWu5&sig=GbWxbFpGd7X5jMEBbYbBCDjre40","","2011","2015-01-13 19:28:49","2015-01-13 19:34:42","2015-01-13 19:28:49","","","","","","","Global warming gridlock","","","","","Cambridge University Press","New York","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZBKUA8V6","journalArticle","2009","Finnemore, Martha","Legitimacy, Hypocrisy, and the Social Structure of Unipolarity: Why Being a Unipole Isn't All It's Cracked Up to Be","World Politics","","","","http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/world_politics/v061/61.1.finnemore.html","Abstract Abstract: Despite preponderant power, unipoles often do not get their way. Why? Scholars interested in polarity and the systemic structures determined by the distribution of power have largely focused on material power alone, but the structure of world politics is as much social as it is material. In this article the author explores three social mechanisms that limit unipolar power and shape its possible uses. The first involves legitimation. To exercise power effectively, unipoles must legitimate it and in the act of legitimating their power, it must be diffused since legitimation lies in the hands of others. The second involves institutionalization. A common way to legitimate power is to institutionalize it. Institutionalizing power in rational-legal authorities fundamentally transforms it, however. Once in place, institutions, laws, and rules have powers and internal logics of their own that unipoles find difficult to control. The third relates to hypocrisy. The social structures of legitimation and institutionalization do more than simply diffuse power away from the unipole; they create incentives for hypocrisy. Hypocrisy is a double-edged sword for unipoles. On the one hand, unrestrained hypocrisy by unipoles undermines the legitimacy of their power. On the other hand, judicious hypocrisy can provide crucial strategies for melding ideals and interests. Indeed, honoring social ideals or principles in the breach can have long-lasting political effects, as decades of U.S. hypocrisy about democratization and human rights suggest.","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2013-01-09","58–85","","1","61","","","Legitimacy, Hypocrisy, and the Social Structure of Unipolarity","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZBMMGJFN","journalArticle","2014","Mobius, Markus; Rosenblat, Tanya","Social Learning in Economics","Annual Review of Economics","","","10.1146/annurev-economics-120213-012609","http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-120213-012609","Social learning is a rapidly growing field for empirical and theoretical research in economics. We encounter social learning in many economically important phenomena, such as the adoption of new products and technologies or job search in labor markets. We review the existing empirical and theoretical literatures and argue that they have evolved largely independently of each other. This suggests several directions for future research that can help bridge the gap between both literatures. For example, the theory literature has come up with several models of social learning, ranging from naïve DeGroot models to sophisticated Bayesian models whose assumptions and predictions need to be empirically tested. Alternatively, empiricists have often observed that social learning is more localized than existing theory models assume, and that information can decay along a transmission path. Incorporating these findings into our models might require theorists to look beyond asymptotic convergence in social learning.","2014","2015-04-12 17:32:15","2015-04-12 17:32:15","2015-04-12 17:32:15","827-847","","1","6","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Mobius_Rosenblat_2014_(Social Learning in Economics).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZBP95QJZ","journalArticle","2001","Zorn, Christopher JW","Generalized estimating equation models for correlated data: A review with applications","American Journal of Political Science","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2669353","","2001","2014-11-05 13:05:47","2014-11-05 13:05:47","2014-11-05 13:05:47","470–490","","","","","","Generalized estimating equation models for correlated data","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZBZWNCZG","journalArticle","1982","Kalt, Joseph P.","Oil and ideology in the United States Senate","The Energy Journal","","","","http://ideas.repec.org/a/aen/journl/1982v03-02-a08.html","","1982","2013-10-10 12:46:26","2013-10-10 12:46:26","2013-10-10 12:46:26","141–166","","2","3","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZCRPPXN4","journalArticle","1999","Barkawi, T.; Laffey, M.","The Imperial Peace: Democracy, Force and Globalization","European Journal of International Relations","","","","","","1999","2014-09-04 18:31:32","2014-09-04 18:31:32","","403–434","","4","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZCSFP3WQ","journalArticle","2012","Arceneaux, Kevin","Cognitive Biases and the Strength of Political Arguments","American Journal of Political Science","","","","","","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","","no","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZCU3S7CU","book","2005","Paradis, Emanuel","R for Beginnners","","","","","http://www.google.com/patents/US4803477","","2005","2015-02-18 14:43:28","2015-02-18 14:45:06","2015-02-18 14:43:28","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","US Patent 4,803,477","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2005/Paradis_2005_(R for Beginnners).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZDCFARB6","journalArticle","2010","Chew, Cynthia; Eysenbach, Gunther","Pandemics in the age of Twitter: content analysis of Tweets during the 2009 H1N1 outbreak.","PLoS One","","","","","BACKGROUND: Surveys are popular methods to measure public perceptions in emergencies but can be costly and time consuming. We suggest and evaluate a complementary ""infoveillance"" approach using Twitter during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. Our study aimed to: 1) monitor the use of the terms ""H1N1"" versus ""swine flu"" over time; 2) conduct a content analysis of ""tweets""; and 3) validate Twitter as a real-time content, sentiment, and public attention trend-tracking tool. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Between May 1 and December 31, 2009, we archived over 2 million Twitter posts containing keywords ""swine flu,"" ""swineflu,"" and/or ""H1N1."" using Infovigil, an infoveillance system. Tweets using ""H1N1"" increased from 8.8% to 40.5% (R(2)=.788; p\textless.001), indicating a gradual adoption of World Health Organization-recommended terminology. 5,395 tweets were randomly selected from 9 days, 4 weeks apart and coded using a tri-axial coding scheme. To track tweet content and to test the feasibility of automated coding, we created database queries for keywords and correlated these results with manual coding. Content analysis indicated resource-related posts were most commonly shared (52.6%). 4.5% of cases were identified as misinformation. News websites were the most popular sources (23.2%), while government and health agencies were linked only 1.5% of the time. 7/10 automated queries correlated with manual coding. Several Twitter activity peaks coincided with major news stories. Our results correlated well with H1N1 incidence data. CONCLUSIONS: This study illustrates the potential of using social media to conduct ""infodemiology"" studies for public health. 2009 H1N1-related tweets were primarily used to disseminate information from credible sources, but were also a source of opinions and experiences. Tweets can be used for real-time content analysis and knowledge translation research, allowing health authorities to respond to public concerns","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:36","2014-09-04 18:31:36","","e14118","","11","5","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Clinical Coding; Communications Media; H1N1 Subtype; Human; Humans; Influenza; Influenza A Virus; non-u.s. gov't; Pandemics; research support; Terminology as Topic","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZE83TGXG","report","2004","Simpson, John L.","Interdependence in Gulf Cooperating Stock Markets","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=578721","Historically, the stock and securities markets in the Gulf Cooperating Countries (GCC) have been limited in their capacity to raise international capital. Apart from the fact that many are simply not open to outside investment, they have been regarded as thinly traded, less liquid and less efficient than Western stock markets. Meaningful and comparable stock market data has only been gathered for less than four years. The GCC countries are striving to strengthen and expand their financial markets in relation to their listing, regulatory, trading and settlement procedures, as well as to improve transparency and informational efficiency. The GCC economies have much in common including their growing levels of economic development and trade integration, and also their collective contribution to world oil production. Bahrain has long been regarded as the most open of the GCC economies, but the question arises as to whether or not Bahrain drives the other GCC markets. This study focuses on both short and medium-term relationships using ordinary least squares regressions, vector auto regressive techniques, cointegration tests, pairwise causality, variance decomposition and impulse response analysis of daily indexed share market data to provide evidence of continuing cointegration and interdependence in stock markets in the GCC. Saudi Arabia and Kuwait markets are the major drivers of the other GCC markets.","2004-08-21","2015-08-24 18:15:25","2015-08-24 18:15:25","2015-08-24 18:15:25","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2004/Simpson_2004_(Interdependence in Gulf Cooperating Stock Markets).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 578721","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZEGK523E","journalArticle","2003","Jackson, Patrick Thaddeus","Defending the West: Occidentalism and the Formation of NATO","Journal of Political Philosophy","","","","","","2003","2014-09-04 18:31:41","2014-09-04 18:31:41","","223–252","","3","11","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZEIGAP5U","journalArticle","2009","Flores, Thomas Edward; Nooruddin, Irfan","Democracy under the Gun Understanding Postconflict Economic Recovery","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/53/1/3.short","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2013-05-13","3–29","","1","53","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZEJGNPGR","journalArticle","2009","Lake, David","Open economy politics: A critical review","The Review of International Organizations","","","","http://www.springerlink.com/content/r65122061w62l5gn/abstract/","An emergent paradigm, referred to as Open Economy Politics (OEP), now structures and guides research among many scholars. This essay sketches the general contours of the paradigm. Scientific accumulation is, in my view, the potential and great benefit of a self-conscious understanding of OEP as a single, unifying paradigm. The essay also provides a sympathetic critique of OEP and shows how the paradigm can be extended to capture some of the concerns and insights of other critics. Most important, this critique highlights the role and consequences of certain simplifying assumptions commonly used in OEP and calls for a closer examination of how international institutions and policies structure and change the interests of actors within countries that are now taken as exogenous.","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2014-09-04 18:31:35","2012-05-06","219–244","","3","4","","","Open economy politics","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Humanities; Social Sciences and Law","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZEUHBXHQ","journalArticle","2006","Hafner-Burton, E. M.; Montgomery, Alexander H.","Power Positions: International Organizations, Social Networks, and Conflict","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","","","2006","2014-09-04 18:31:27","2014-09-04 18:31:27","","3–27","","1","50","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZEV8IZ5M","journalArticle","2011","Snijders, Tom A.B.","Statistical Models for Social Networks","Annual Review of Sociology","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.soc.012809.102709","Statistical models for social networks as dependent variables must represent the typical network dependencies between tie variables such as reciprocity, homophily, transitivity, etc. This review first treats models for single (cross-sectionally observed) networks and then for network dynamics. For single networks, the older literature concentrated on conditionally uniform models. Various types of latent space models have been developed: for discrete, general metric, ultrametric, Euclidean, and partially ordered spaces. Exponential random graph models were proposed long ago but now are applied more and more thanks to the non-Markovian social circuit specifications that were recently proposed. Modeling network dynamics is less complicated than modeling single network observations because dependencies are spread out in time. For modeling network dynamics, continuous-time models are more fruitful. Actor-oriented models here provide a model that can represent many dependencies in a flexible way. Strong model development is now going on to combine the features of these models and to extend them to more complicated outcome spaces.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2012-09-06","131–153","","1","37","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","inference; social networks; statistical modeling","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZF4DFVI5","journalArticle","2009","Wohlforth, William C.","Unipolarity, Status Competition, and Great Power War","World Politics","","","","","","2009","2014-09-04 18:31:44","2014-09-04 18:31:44","","28","","01","61","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZFBB2UTQ","book","2005","Gourevitch, Peter Alexis; Shinn, James","Political power and corporate control the new global politics of corporate governance","","9781400837014","","","http://proxy.library.georgetown.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&scope=site&db=nlebk&db=nlabk&AN=329793","","2005","2012-10-31 23:25:54","2014-09-04 20:23:19","2012-10-31 23:25:54","","","","","","","","","","","","Princeton University Press","Princeton","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD2741 .G677 2005eb","","","","","Activité politique; Affaires et politique; Business; Business and politics; BUSINESS & ECONOMICS; Corporate governance; Corporations; Electronic books; Finances internationales; Gouvernement d'entreprise; Industries General; International finance; Investor relations; management; Political activity; Regulering; Relations avec les actionnaires; Sociétés","Activité politique; Affaires et politique; Business; Business and politics; BUSINESS & ECONOMICS; Corporate governance; Corporations; Electronic books; Finances internationales; Gouvernement d'entreprise; Industries General; International finance; Investor relations; management; Political activity; Regulering; Relations avec les actionnaires; Sociétés","","","","Shinn, James","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZFBTX4GT","journalArticle","2005","Pollack, Kenneth; Takeyh, Ray","Taking on Tehran","Foreign Affairs","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/20034273","If Washington wants to derail Iran's nuclear program, it must take advantage of a split in Tehran between hard-liners, who care mostly about security, and pragmatists, who want to fix Iran's ailing economy. By promising strong rewards for compliance and severe penalties for defiance, Washington can strengthen the pragmatists' case that Tehran should choose butter over bombs.","2005","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2012-08-30","20–34","","2","84","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZFCR33D9","journalArticle","2015","Mahoney, James; Vanderpoel, Rachel Sweet","Set Diagrams and Qualitative Research","Comparative Political Studies","","0010-4140, 1552-3829","10.1177/0010414013519410","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/48/1/65","Political scientists have developed important new ideas for using spatial diagrams to enhance quantitative research. Yet the potential uses of diagrams for qualitative research have not been explored systematically. We begin to correct this omission by showing how set diagrams can facilitate the application of qualitative methods and improve the presentation of qualitative findings. Set diagrams can be used in conjunction with a wide range of qualitative methodologies, including process tracing, concept formation, counterfactual analysis, sequence elaboration, and qualitative comparative analysis. We illustrate the utility of set diagrams by drawing on substantive examples of qualitative research in the fields of international relations and comparative politics.","2015-01-01","2015-01-15 20:39:41","2015-01-15 20:39:41","2015-01-15 20:39:41","65-100","","1","48","","Comparative Political Studies","","","","","","","","en","","","","","cps.sagepub.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Mahoney_Vanderpoel_2015_(Set Diagrams and Qualitative Research).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZFN7FE68","book","2003","Geddes, Barbara","Paradigms and sand castles: theory building and researchdesign in comparative politics","","0472098357","","","","","2003","2012-08-30 18:16:43","2014-09-04 20:23:05","","","314","","","","","Paradigms and sand castles","Analytical perspectives on politics","","","","University of Michigan Press","Ann Arbor","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JA86 .G35 2003","","","","","Comparative government; Political science; Research","Comparative government; Political science; Research","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZFS7B7RM","journalArticle","2014","Motomura, Masumi","Japan’s need for Russian oil and gas: A shift in energy flows to the Far East","Energy Policy","","0301-4215","10.1016/j.enpol.2014.08.024","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421514004777","This article examines the choices of Japan’s governmental institutions vis-à-vis Russian supplies of oil and gas. First, there is a perceived need to diversify the sources of crude oil in order to avoid too much reliance on the Middle East. Following the inauguration of the Sakhalin oil projects and completion of the ESPO pipeline, Russian crude oil is nearing a 10% share in the Japanese market. It is suggested that Russian crude oil supplies have been chosen due to their proximity, safety and flexibility, and their positive effect on Japan’s bargaining power in relation to crude suppliers in the Middle East. Second, Japan’s shift from nuclear to LNG in power generation after the Fukushima accident in March 2011 increased LNG imports by 25% in just two years. While Qatar expanded its market share the most, Russia also gained, even though it only had one operational LNG project in Sakhalin-2. Russian companies are now working on several LNG projects in Northeast Asia and the Arctic region. However, the resumption of nuclear power in Japan might have a negative impact on new Russian LNG projects.","2014","2014-10-02 13:07:00","2014-10-03 18:14:15","2014-10-02 13:07:00","","","","","","Energy Policy","Japan’s need for Russian oil and gas","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Motomura_2014_(Japan’s need for Russian oil and gas).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZGBDK2N4","journalArticle","2010","Collier, David; Brady, Henry E.; Seawright, Jason","Outdated views of qualitative methods: time to move on","Political Analysis","","","","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2010/09/02/pan.mpq022.short","","2010","2014-11-21 22:13:21","2014-11-21 22:21:54","2014-11-21 22:13:21","506-513","","","18","","","Outdated views of qualitative methods","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2010/Collier et al_2010_(Outdated views of qualitative methods).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZGFAZ6QB","report","2015","Chilton, Adam S.","The Politics of the United States’ Bilateral Investment Treaty Program","","","","","http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2576330","Scholars consistently argue that the United States has signed Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs) with developing countries to promote the development of international investment law and to protect American capital invested abroad. I challenge this view of the United States’ BITs program. I argue that the United States has used BITs as a foreign policy tool to improve relationships with strategically important countries in the developing world, and, as a result, the program should in part be evaluated based on whether it has produced political benefits. I empirically test this theory in two ways. First, I test whether investment or political considerations are better at explaining U.S. BIT signings. This analysis shows that investment considerations do not help to explain the pattern of U.S. BIT formation, but that political considerations do. Second, I estimate the political benefits the United States has received from signing BITs with developing states. This analysis suggests that having signed a BIT makes countries likely to vote similarly to the United States at the United Nations. This project thus provides the first empirical evidence that the U.S. BITs program has been motivated by political considerations, and that the program may have produced modest foreign policy dividends.","2015-03-10","2015-06-30 11:34:18","2015-06-30 11:34:18","2015-06-30 11:34:18","","","","","","","","","","","","Social Science Research Network","Rochester, NY","","","SSRN Scholarly Paper","","","papers.ssrn.com","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Chilton_2015_(The Politics of the United States’ Bilateral Investment Treaty Program).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","ID 2576330","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZGGPIIFM","blogPost","2015","Weiner, Scott","Gulf states pursue unique approaches to falling oil prices","The Monkey Cage (The Washington Post)","","","","http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/monkey-cage/wp/2015/01/09/gulf-states-pursue-unique-approaches-to-falling-oil-prices/","There are some similarities between Gulf countries in how they are dealing with the drop in oil prices, but it would be a mistake to think of them as identical.","2015-01-09","2015-01-13 13:32:38","2015-01-13 13:33:00","2015-01-13 13:32:38","","","","","","","","","","","","","","en-US","","","","","","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Library/Application Support/Zotero/Profiles/d9cn6j4g.default/zotero/storage/QSQFDU3A/gulf-states-pursue-unique-approaches-to-falling-oil-prices.html","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZGQEBWAX","journalArticle","2005","Miller, Gary J.","The Political Evolution of Principal-Agent Models","Annual Review of Political Science","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.polisci.8.082103.104840","▪ Abstract With tools borrowed from the economic analysis of insurance, principal-agency theory has allowed political scientists new insights into the role of information asymmetry and incentives in political relationships. It has given us a way to think formally about power as the modification of incentives to induce actions in the interests of the principal. Principal-agency theory has evolved significantly as political scientists have sought to make it more applicable to peculiarly political institutions. In congressional oversight of the bureaucracy, increasing emphasis has been placed on negotiation of administrative procedures, rather than the imposition of outcome-based incentives, as originally conceived. Awareness of the problem of credible commitment has impelled more dramatic reformulations, in which agents perform their function only when their interests conflict with those of the principal, and they are guaranteed some degree of autonomy. The `political master' finds himself in the position of the `dilettante' who stands opposite the `expert,' facing the trained official who stands within the management of administration. (Weber 1958)","2005","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2012-09-20","203–225","","1","8","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","credible commitment; incentives; information asymmetry; oversight","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZGQT2FDC","journalArticle","2014","Gelman, A.; Basboll, T.","When Do Stories Work? Evidence and Illustration in the Social Sciences","Sociological Methods & Research","","0049-1241, 1552-8294","10.1177/0049124114526377","http://smr.sagepub.com/cgi/doi/10.1177/0049124114526377","","2014-05-12","2014-09-30 14:42:00","2014-09-30 14:42:00","2014-09-30 14:42:00","","","","","","","When Do Stories Work?","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2014/Gelman_Basboll_2014_(When Do Stories Work).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZGR3P5QP","journalArticle","2001","Rosendorff, B. Peter; Milner, Helen V.","The Optimal Design of International Trade Institutions: Uncertainty and Escape","International Organization","","","","","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:39","2014-09-04 18:31:39","","829–857","","04","55","","","The Optimal Design of International Trade Institutions","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZGS4WAWE","journalArticle","2013","Grimmer, Justin; Stewart, Brandon M.","Text as Data: The Promise and Pitfalls of Automatic Content Analysis Methods for Political Texts","Political Analysis","","","","http://pan.oxfordjournals.org/content/21/3/267","Politics and political conflict often occur in the written and spoken word. Scholars have long recognized this, but the massive costs of analyzing even moderately sized collections of texts have hindered their use in political science research. Here lies the promise of automated text analysis: it substantially reduces the costs of analyzing large collections of text. We provide a guide to this exciting new area of research and show how, in many instances, the methods have already obtained part of their promise. But there are pitfalls to using automated methods—they are no substitute for careful thought and close reading and require extensive and problem-specific validation. We survey a wide range of new methods, provide guidance on how to validate the output of the models, and clarify misconceptions and errors in the literature. To conclude, we argue that for automated text methods to become a standard tool for political scientists, methodologists must contribute new methods and new methods of validation.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2013-07-08","267–297","","3","21","","","Text as Data","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZGZJ6ACD","journalArticle","2001","Mak, Y. T; Li, Yuan","Determinants of corporate ownership and board structure: evidence from Singapore","Journal of Corporate Finance","","0929-1199","10.1016/S0929-1199(01)00021-9","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0929119901000219","This study examines the determinants and interrelationships among corporate ownership and board structure characteristics using a sample of Singapore listed firms. The institutional environment in Singapore differs from that in many developed Western economies in several important respects, including a weak market for corporate control, more concentrated stock ownership, and significant government ownership in many private sector firms. Three characteristics—board composition, board leadership structure and board size—are used to capture the monitoring ability of the board. These board characteristics are assumed to be endogenously determined, together with two ownership characteristics, managerial ownership and blockholder ownership. We use two-stage least squares regression to estimate the determinants of board and ownership characteristics. Our findings indicate that corporate ownership and board structures are related, and that there are significant interrelationships among board structure characteristics. The proportion of outside directors is negatively related to managerial ownership, board size and government ownership. The use of a dual leadership structure is positively related to blockholder ownership, and negatively related to regulation and to CEO tenure.","2001-09","2014-09-19 16:11:58","2014-09-19 16:11:58","2014-09-19 16:11:58","235-256","","3","7","","Journal of Corporate Finance","Determinants of corporate ownership and board structure","","","","","","","","","","","","ScienceDirect","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2001/Mak_Li_2001_(Determinants of corporate ownership and board structure).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZH3KV86D","book","1985","Bornschier, Volker; Chase-Dunn, Christopher K.","Transnational corporations and underdevelopment","","0030705428","","","","","1985","2014-11-04 23:43:53","2014-11-04 23:44:17","","","179","","","","","","","","","","Praeger","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","HD2932 .B67 1985","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZHBNH8Z3","journalArticle","2013","Çoban, Serap; Topcu, Mert","The nexus between financial development and energy consumption in the EU: A dynamic panel data analysis","Energy Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988313000650","Abstract The relationship between financial development and energy consumption has newly started to be discussed in energy economics literature. This paper investigates this issue in the EU over the period 1990–2011 by using system-GMM model. No significant relationship is found in the EU27. The empirical results, however, provide strong evidence of the impact of the financial development on energy consumption in the old members. Greater financial development leads to an increase in energy consumption, regardless of whether financial development stems from banking sector or stock market. By contrast, we find for the new members that the impact of financial development on energy consumption depends on how financial development is measured. Using bankindex the impact of financial development displays an inverted U-shaped pattern while no significant relationship is detected once it is measured using stockindex.","2013","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2013-09-03","81–88","","","39","","","The nexus between financial development and energy consumption in the EU","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Energy consumption; EU; Financial development; System-GMM","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZHUTJX5V","journalArticle","2013","McGuirk, Eoin F.","The illusory leader: natural resources, taxation and accountability","Public Choice","","0048-5829, 1573-7101","10.1007/s11127-011-9820-0","http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11127-011-9820-0","","2013-03","2015-03-07 15:59:02","2015-03-07 15:59:02","2015-03-07 15:59:02","285-313","","3-4","154","","","The illusory leader","","","","","","","en","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/McGuirk_2013_(The illusory leader).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZIP22GQC","journalArticle","2011","Jensen, Nathan M.; Johnston, Noel P.","Political Risk, Reputation, and the Resource Curse","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/44/6/662","There is a growing literature on how natural resources affect both economic performance and political regimes. In this article the authors add to this literature by focusing on how natural resource wealth affects the incentives of governments to uphold contracts with foreign investors across all sectors. They argue that although all states suffer reputation costs from reneging on contracts, governments in natural-resource-dependent economies are less sensitive to these costs, leading to a greater probability of expropriation and contract disputes. Specifically, leaders weigh the benefits of reneging on contracts with investors against the reputation costs of openly violating agreements with firms. The authors' theoretical model predicts a positive association between resource wealth and expropriation. Using a data set from the political risk insurance industry, the authors show that resource dependent economies have much higher levels of political risk.","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2012-09-15","662–688","","6","44","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","foreign direct investment; political risk; reputation; Resource Curse","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZIU5T662","journalArticle","2010","DellaVigna, Stefano; Gentzkow, Matthew","Persuasion: Empirical Evidence","Annual Review of Economics","","","","http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.economics.102308.124309","We provide a selective survey of empirical evidence on the effects as well as the drivers of persuasive communication. We consider persuasion directed at consumers, voters, donors, and investors. We organize our review around four questions. First, to what extent does persuasion affect the behavior of each of these groups? Second, what models best capture the response to persuasive communication? Third, what are persuaders' incentives, and what limits their ability to distort communications? Finally, what evidence exists on the way persuasion affects equilibrium outcomes in economics and politics?","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2014-09-04 18:31:29","2012-09-06","643–669","","1","2","","","Persuasion","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","beliefs; communication","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZJ4AQ44U","journalArticle","2008","Ross, Michael L.","Oil, Islam, and Women","American Political Science Review","","","10.1017/S0003055408080040","","Women have made less progress toward gender equality in the Middle East than in any other region. Many observers claim this is due to the region's Islamic traditions. I suggest that oil, not Islam, is at fault; and that oil production also explains why women lag behind in many other countries. Oil production reduces the number of women in the labor force, which in turn reduces their political influence. As a result, oil-producing states are left with atypically strong patriarchal norms, laws, and political institutions. I support this argument with global data on oil production, female work patterns, and female political representation, and by comparing oil-rich Algeria to oil-poor Morocco and Tunisia. This argument has implications for the study of the Middle East, Islamic culture, and the resource curse.","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:34","2015-01-14 20:37:20","","107–123","","01","102","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZJ6T2BQ2","journalArticle","2008","Zhuang, Jifang; Gabriel, Steven A.","A complementarity model for solving stochastic natural gas market equilibria","Energy Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140988306001150","This paper presents a stochastic equilibrium model for deregulated natural gas markets. Each market participant (pipeline operators, producers, etc.) solves a stochastic optimization problem whose optimality conditions, when combined with market-clearing conditions give rise to a certain mixed complementarity problem (MiCP). The stochastic aspects are depicted by a recourse problem for each player in which the first-stage decisions relate to long-term contracts and the second-stage decisions relate to spot market activities for three seasons. Besides showing that such a market model is an instance of a MiCP, we provide theoretical results concerning long-term and spot market prices and solve the resulting MiCP for a small yet representative market. We also Note_null_null an interesting observation for the value of the stochastic solution for non-optimization problems.","2008","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2014-09-04 18:31:53","2013-09-03","113–147","","1","30","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Complementarity; Market equilibrium; Natural gas; Stochastic","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZKEQMG9R","journalArticle","2011","Thurber, Mark C.; Hults, David R.; Heller, Patrick RP","Exporting the “Norwegian Model”: The effect of administrative design on oil sector performance","Energy Policy","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421511004125","","2011","2014-09-24 22:38:01","2014-09-24 22:38:01","2014-09-24 22:38:01","5366–5378","","9","39","","","Exporting the “Norwegian Model”","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2011/Thurber et al_2011_(Exporting the “Norwegian Model”).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZMNRBQ2E","journalArticle","1991","David, Steven R.","Explaining Third World Alignment","World Politics","","","","","Many argue that balance of power theory is as applicable to the Third World as it is to other states. Without substantial modification, however, balance of power theory cannot explain Third World alignments, because it ignores key characteristics of Third World states that determine alignment. The author develops a theory, “omnibalancing,” that is relevant to the Third World and that repairs these defects. Rather than balance of power's emphasis on states seeking to resist threats from other states, omnibalancing explains Third World alignments as a consequence of leaders seeking to counter internal and external threats to their rule. The superiority of omnibalancing over balance of power in making Third World alignments understandable is related to the Third World in general and to the alignment decisions of two key Third World states in particular. The author concludes by discussing why an understanding of the Third World, including Third World alignment, is central to the study of international relations.","1991","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2014-09-04 18:31:59","","233–256","","02","43","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZNBZK4VR","journalArticle","2007","Bueno de Mesquita, Bruce; Smith, Alastair","Foreign Aid and Policy Concessions","Journal of Conflict Resolution","","","","http://jcr.sagepub.com/content/51/2/251","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2014-09-04 18:31:46","2013-03-19","251–284","","2","51","","","","","","","","","","en","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZNPIP5V8","conferencePaper","2006","Huang, Jiayuan; Gretton, Arthur; Borgwardt, Karsten M.; Schölkopf, Bernhard; Smola, Alex J.","Correcting sample selection bias by unlabeled data","Advances in neural information processing systems","","","","http://machinelearning.wustl.edu/mlpapers/paper_files/NIPS2006_915.pdf","","2006","2015-04-29 17:52:40","2015-04-29 17:52:40","2015-04-29 17:52:40","601–608","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2006/Huang et al_2006_(Correcting sample selection bias by unlabeled data).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZNQWDJSH","journalArticle","2015","Gallagher, Mary E.; Hanson, Jonathan K.","Power Tool or Dull Blade? Selectorate Theory for Autocracies","Annual Review of Political Science","","","10.1146/annurev-polisci-071213-041224","http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-071213-041224","This article assesses the utility of selectorate theory as a tool for understanding authoritarian politics. We start by discussing the intellectual history of the selectorate concept and its original usage in the authoritarian context. We then turn our focus to the selectorate theory as developed in The Logic of Political Survival (LPS) (Bueno de Mesquita et al. 2003), identifying three problematic aspects of the theory and its application to authoritarian politics. First, the utility of the theory's key concepts of the selectorate and winning coalition is questionable in authoritarian systems where formal institutions to structure political transitions are absent or inconsequential. Second, measurement of the sizes of the selectorate and winning coalition is flawed, calling into question the empirical findings in LPS, such as its central claims about the survival of rulers. Third, the assumptions in the LPS version of the theory are restrictive in ways that reduce the utility of the selectorate concept relative to earlier works. We conclude that selectorate theory is a blunt instrument for understanding authoritarian rule.","2015","2015-05-21 12:56:03","2015-05-21 12:56:03","2015-05-21 12:56:03","367-385","","1","18","","","Power Tool or Dull Blade?","","","","","","","","","","","","Annual Reviews","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Gallagher_Hanson_2015_(Power Tool or Dull Blade).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZPBFXNE6","book","1966","Rudner, Richard S.","Philosophy of Social Science","","","","","","","1966","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:26:04","","","","","","","","","","","","","Prentice-Hall","Englewood Cliffs, N.J.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZPVGDV2P","journalArticle","2004","Smith, R. M.","Identities, interests, and the future of political science","Perspectives on Politics","","","","","","2004","2014-09-04 18:31:42","2014-09-04 18:31:42","","301–312","","2","2","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZQIJ8XE5","journalArticle","2011","Hopkins, D.; Drutman, L.","The Inside View: Using the Enron Email Archive to Understand Business Lobbying","","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:30","2014-09-04 18:31:30","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZQJEAMMU","journalArticle","2001","Huddy, L.","From social to political identity: A critical examination of social identity theory","Political Psychology","","","","","","2001","2014-09-04 18:31:37","2014-09-04 18:31:37","","127–156","","1","22","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZQP8HGMP","journalArticle","2007","Nexon, Daniel H.; Wright, Thomas","What's at Stake in the American Empire Debate","American Political Science Review","","","","","","2007","2014-09-04 18:31:28","2014-09-04 18:31:28","","","","02","101","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZQTFJ76D","thesis","2008","Imblum, Mark A.","Russia's Energy Policies and Ukraine's NATO Candidacy","","","","","","","2008","2014-09-04 18:32:01","2014-09-04 18:32:01","","","","","","","","","","","","","Naval Postgraduate School","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZR2KPNE4","journalArticle","1931","Hotelling, Harold","The economics of exhaustible resources","The Journal of Political Economy","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/1822328","","1931","2013-10-10 12:55:41","2013-10-10 12:55:41","2013-10-10 12:55:41","137–175","","2","39","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Energy","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZR89JMXZ","journalArticle","2011","Keohane, Robert O.; Macedo, S.; Moravcsik, A.","Constitutional Democracy and World Politics: A Response to Gartzke and Naoi","International Organization","","","","","","2011","2014-09-04 18:31:48","2014-09-04 18:31:48","","599–604","","03","65","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZRG9HFBB","bookSection","2009","Wyciszkiewicz, Ernest","Russian Oil and Gas Sector: Internal Determinants and External Aspirations","Geopolitics of pipelines : energy interdependence and inter-state relations in the post-Soviet area","9788389607584","","","","","2009","2012-05-16 15:34:01","2014-09-04 20:27:32","","13-54","","","","","","","","","","","The Polish Institute for International Affairs","Warsaw","","","","","","search8.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Energy policy – Former Soviet republics.; Energy policy – Russia (Federation); Former Soviet republics – Relations\textbarzRussia (Federation); Russia (Federation) – Relations\textbarzFormer Soviet republics.","Energy policy -- Former Soviet republics.; Energy policy -- Russia (Federation); Former Soviet republics -- Relations|zRussia (Federation); Russia (Federation) -- Relations|zFormer Soviet republics.","Wyciszkiewicz, Ernest","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZRR6CN9Q","journalArticle","1994","Furtado, Charles F.","Nationalism and Foreign Policy in Ukraine","Political Science Quarterly","","","","","","1994","2014-09-04 18:31:31","2014-09-04 18:31:31","","81–104","","1","109","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZS44SA4I","journalArticle","2010","Singer, David Andrew","Migrant remittances and exchange rate regimes in the developing world","American Political Science Review","","","","http://journals.cambridge.org/production/action/cjoGetFulltext?fulltextid=7793114","","2010","2013-02-12 22:15:54","2014-09-04 20:26:36","2013-02-12 22:15:54","307–323","","2","104","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZS6H4IM9","journalArticle","2015","Jackson, Patrick Thaddeus","Fear of Relativism","International Studies Perspectives","","1528-3585","10.1111/insp.12091","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/insp.12091/abstract","Although scholars toss around the word “relativism” when debating the merits of various methodological approaches in international studies, there is a lack of clarity about what it might mean to have a relativist position on the production of social-scientific knowledge. As a result, a lot of the ink spilled about the potential dangers of relativism is overblown. A little philosophical and logical clarity goes a long way towards dispelling that particular bogeyman.","2015-02-01","2015-06-30 15:57:43","2015-06-30 15:57:43","2015-06-30 15:57:43","13-22","","1","16","","Int Stud Perspect","","","","","","","","en","© 2014 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2015/Jackson_2015_(Fear of Relativism).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZSF2HRC2","journalArticle","2012","Sim, Li-Chen","Re-branding Abu Dhabi: From oil giant to energy titan","Place Branding and Public Diplomacy","","1751-8040, 1751-8059","10.1057/pb.2011.31","http://www.palgrave-journals.com/doifinder/10.1057/pb.2011.31","","2012-02","2015-12-02 19:53:13","2015-12-02 19:53:13","2015-12-02 19:53:13","83-98","","1","8","","","Re-branding Abu Dhabi","","","","","","","","","","","","CrossRef","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2012/Sim_2012_(Re-branding Abu Dhabi).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZT7WERCJ","journalArticle","2010","Barabas, Jason","Book Review: How Do You Know? The Economics of Ordinary Knowledge","Political Psychology","","","","","","2010","2014-09-04 18:31:54","2014-09-04 18:31:54","","","","5","31","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZTKNRRJE","journalArticle","2012","Sargent, Thomas J.","Nobel Lecture: United States Then, Europe Now","Journal of Political Economy","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1086/665415","Under the Articles of Confederation, the central government of the United States had limited power to tax. Therefore, large debts accumulated during the US War for Independence traded at deep discounts. That situation framed a US fiscal crisis in the 1780s. A political revolution—for that was what scuttling the Articles of Confederation in favor of the Constitution of the United States of America was—solved the fiscal crisis by transferring authority to levy tariffs from the states to the federal government. The Constitution and acts of the First Congress of the United States in August 1790 gave Congress authority to raise enough revenues to service a big government debt. In 1790, the Congress carried out a comprehensive bailout of state governments' debts, part of a grand bargain that made creditors of the states become advocates of ample federal taxes. That bailout created expectations about future federal bailouts that a costly episode in the early 1840s proved to be unwarranted.","2012","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2014-09-04 18:31:50","2012-09-05","1–40","","1","120","","","Nobel Lecture","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZTVRFHWC","magazineArticle","2012","","Mixed bag","The Economist","","0013-0613","","http://www.economist.com/node/21542929","SOEs are good at infrastructure projects, not so good at innovation","2012-01-21","2014-12-14 04:56:49","2014-12-14 04:56:49","2014-12-14 04:56:49","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","The Economist","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZU2THKKT","journalArticle","1963","Brodbeck, May","Meaning and Action","Philosophy of Science","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/186064","This paper examines the current variant of the view that meaningful human actions are not amenable to causal, scientific explanation. Rather, the view examined holds that, understanding the language, we understand the meaning of other people's overt acts by analyzing the concepts appropriately applied to the situation, tracing their logical connections with other mentalistic concepts. A matter of conceptual analysis, our understanding of man is held to be a priori and necessary rather than, as with the natural sciences, a posteriori and contingent. Various uses of 'concept', 'meaning', and 'understanding' are here distinguished. It is then shown, first, how the objectivist can in principle account for intentionality and for ""rule-governed"" behavior, that is, for the presence and efficacy of mind in the world. Secondly, current criticisms of the objectivist program are examined. An uncritical use of 'concept' and of 'rule', as well as a fusion of various uses of 'meaning' and 'understanding', gives those criticisms a specious plausibility that does not withstand close analysis. It is concluded that the objectivist program has not been shown to be untenable.","1963","2014-09-04 18:31:49","2014-09-04 18:31:49","","309–324","","4","30","","","","","","","","","","","Copyright \textbackslashcopyright 1963 Philosophy of Science Association","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZU4CB8R2","journalArticle","2013","Porter, Tony","Tracing Associations in Global Finance","International Political Sociology","","1749-5687","10.1111/ips.12026_2","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ips.12026_2/abstract","","2013","2013-09-16 09:21:04","2013-09-16 09:21:04","2013-09-16 09:21:04","334–338","","3","7","","","","","","","","","","en","© 2013 International Studies Association","","","","Wiley Online Library","","","","","","Firms","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZU52ANPA","journalArticle","1981","Himmelstein, Jerome L.; Kimmel, Michael S.","States and Revolutions: The Implications and Limits of Skocpol's Structural Model","American Journal of Sociology","","","","http://www.jstor.org/stable/2778755","","1981","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2014-09-04 18:31:59","2012-10-30","1145–1154","","5","86","","","States and Revolutions","","","","","","","","Copyright \copyright 1981 The University of Chicago Press","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZU7KK7TZ","journalArticle","1996","Gasiorowski, Mark J.","An overview of the political regime change dataset","Comparative Political Studies","","","","http://cps.sagepub.com/content/29/4/469.short","","1996","2015-12-08 20:28:09","2015-12-08 20:28:09","2015-12-08 20:28:09","469–483","","4","29","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZUJWA6AZ","journalArticle","2013","Bond, James","Downstream Processing in Developing Countries: Opportunity or Mirage?","","","","","http://academiccommons.columbia.edu/catalog/ac:165782","","2013","2014-10-15 20:24:17","2014-10-15 20:24:17","2014-10-15 20:24:17","","","","","","","Downstream Processing in Developing Countries","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Bond_2013_(Downstream Processing in Developing Countries).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZV6M4TXM","book","1998","Laitin, David D.","Identity in formation : the Russian-speaking populations in the near abroad","","0801434955","","","","","1998","2012-05-08 20:20:39","2014-09-04 20:24:41","","","","","","","","Identity in formation","","","","","Cornell University Press","Ithaca","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Former Soviet republics – Ethnic relations.; Nationalism – Former Soviet republics.; Russian language – Political aspects\textbarzFormer Soviet republics.","Former Soviet republics -- Ethnic relations.; Nationalism -- Former Soviet republics.; Russian language -- Political aspects|zFormer Soviet republics.","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZVFRTPG7","journalArticle","2000","Hogg, M. A.","Subjective uncertainty reduction through self-categorization: A motivational theory of social identity processes","European review of social psychology","","","","","","2000","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2014-09-04 20:23:59","","223-255","","1","11","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZVKP8QZH","journalArticle","2013","Aleksynska, Mariya; Havrylchyk, Olena","FDI from the South: the role of institutional distance and natural resources","European Journal of Political Economy","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0176268012000481","","2013","2015-07-16 08:58:58","2015-07-16 08:58:58","2015-07-16 08:58:58","38–53","","","29","","","FDI from the South","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Aleksynska_Havrylchyk_2013_(FDI from the South).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZVQJB3CB","book","2001","Solʹchanyk, Roman.","Ukraine and Russia : the post-Soviet transition","","0742510174","","","","","2001","2012-05-08 20:21:32","2014-09-04 20:26:44","","","","","","","","Ukraine and Russia","","","","","Rowman & Littlefield Publishers","Lanham, Md.","","","","","","search2.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Russia (Federation) – Foreign relations.; Russia (Federation) – Foreign relations\textbarzUkraine.; Ukraine – Foreign relations\textbary1991-; Ukraine – Foreign relations\textbarzRussia (Federation)","Russia (Federation) -- Foreign relations.; Russia (Federation) -- Foreign relations|zUkraine.; Ukraine -- Foreign relations|y1991-; Ukraine -- Foreign relations|zRussia (Federation)","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZW28AN26","journalArticle","2006","Mehlum, H.; Moene, K.; Torvik, R.","Institutions and the Resource Curse*","The Economic Journal","","","","","","2006","2012-05-18 17:25:50","2014-09-04 20:25:10","","1–20","","508","116","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZWMU9SPN","journalArticle","1983","Brander, James; Krugman, Paul","A ‘reciprocal dumping’model of international trade","Journal of International Economics","","","","http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022199683800087","","1983","2013-10-10 12:55:47","2013-10-10 13:13:41","2013-10-10 12:55:47","313–321","","3","15","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Google Scholar","","","","","","Trade","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZWTSVAPN","book","1939","Mosca, Gaetano","The ruling class (Elementi di scienze politica)","","","","","","","1939","2013-01-02 17:31:14","2014-09-04 20:25:21","","","514","","","","","","","","","","McGraw-Hill book company, inc","New York","","","","","","catalog.library.georgetown.edu Library Catalog","JC265 .M62","","","","","Political; science","Political science","","","Kahn, Hannah D.; Livingston, Arthur","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZWWC6XCG","journalArticle","2013","Kinne, Brandon J","Network Dynamics and the Evolution of International Cooperation","American Political Science Review","","1537-5943","10.1017/S0003055413000440","http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0003055413000440","Cooperation helps states realize mutual gains, but mistrust and disagreements over institutional design inhibit cooperation. This article develops a network explanation for how states achieve cooperation in the face of persistent coordination and collaboration problems. The analysis focuses on bilateral cooperation agreements, a vast body of treaties spanning multiple issue areas. Bilateral agreements constitute an evolving network of cooperative ties. This network defines the strategic environment in which states bargain over new agreements, endogenously influencing subsequent bilateral endeavors by revealing strategically valuable information about states’ trustworthiness and preferences over institutional design, while also generating externalities that incentivize bilateral partnerships. Inferential network analysis shows that states are more likely to create bilateral agreements if they (1) share agreements with common third parties, (2) accede to more agreements in general, and/or (3) share important exogenous characteristics with current bilateral partners. These network dynamics drive bilateral cooperation in everything from commodities to cultural exchange to fisheries.","2013-11","2015-01-22 14:46:53","2015-01-22 14:46:53","2015-01-22 14:46:53","766–785","","04","107","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","Cambridge Journals Online","","","","/Users/davidtingle/Dropbox/Academic/Zotero/Zotero Files//2013/Kinne_2013_(Network Dynamics and the Evolution of International Cooperation).pdf","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZXSJTW9V","report","2006","","Green Paper: A European Strategy for Sustainable, Competitive and Secure Energy","","","","","","","2006","2012-04-30 05:50:06","2012-04-30 05:50:06","","","","","","","","","","","","","Commission of the European Communities","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","" "ZXXQX2M2","bookSection","2009","Szeptycki, Andrzej","Relations between Russia and Ukraine in the Gas Sector","Geopolitics of pipelines : energy interdependence and inter-state relations in the post-Soviet area","","","","","","2009","2012-05-16 15:36:02","2014-09-04 20:26:54","","85-116","","","","","","","","","","","The Polish Institute for International Affairs","Warsaw","","","","","","search8.library.utoronto.ca","","","","","","Energy policy – Former Soviet republics.; Energy policy – Russia (Federation); Former Soviet republics – Relations\textbarzRussia (Federation); Russia (Federation) – Relations\textbarzFormer Soviet republics.","Energy policy -- Former Soviet republics.; Energy policy -- Russia (Federation); Former Soviet republics -- Relations|zRussia (Federation); Russia (Federation) -- Relations|zFormer Soviet republics.","Wyciszkiewicz, Ernest","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""